Heat exchange plate for PVT heat collector and PVT heat collector
By employing a combination of multi-level branched topology, ultrasonic transducers, and biomimetic fish fin-like fins in the PVT collector, the problems of uneven heat exchange and insufficient flow control were solved, achieving efficient and uniform cooling and improving thermoelectric performance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
The uneven heat exchange of heat exchange plates and insufficient gas-liquid two-phase flow control in existing PVT collectors lead to energy waste or insufficient heat dissipation, making it difficult to achieve efficient and uniform cooling.
The cooling channel adopts a multi-level branch topology structure, combined with ultrasonic transducers and biomimetic fish fin-shaped flexible fins. It eliminates microbubbles and enhances disturbance through ultrasonic waves, and uses a spiral groove structure to guide the swirling flow, thereby achieving zoned control of the cooling medium that is prone to phase change.
It improves heat exchange efficiency, increasing thermal efficiency by 25% to 35%, and improves battery temperature distribution uniformity by more than 40%, significantly enhancing the overall thermoelectric performance of the system.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solar energy comprehensive utilization technology, specifically relating to a heat exchange plate for a PVT collector and a PVT collector. Background Technology
[0002] As a cooling module inside the PVT collector, the heat exchange plate mainly uses the circulating flow of the cooling working fluid in the cooling channel set on the heat exchange plate to exchange heat with the heat exchange module, carrying away excess heat, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the battery module.
[0003] To improve the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchange plates, it is common to increase the heat exchange area of the cooling medium, increase the disturbance to the cooling medium, or obtain different shapes of cooling channels by adjusting the bending angle.
[0004] In multiphase flow systems, the cooling medium that is prone to phase change vaporizes by absorbing heat. During the process of the liquid cooling medium transforming into a gas-liquid mixture or a pure gas, the existing cooling channels cannot set up corresponding disturbance enhancement measures according to the phase change of the cooling medium. As a result, the flow of the cooling medium in the pipe cannot be adjusted according to the dynamic changes of heat load and cooling medium flow rate during actual operation, resulting in energy waste or insufficient heat dissipation, and making it difficult to achieve efficient and uniform cooling throughout the entire process. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a heat exchange plate that can provide corresponding disturbance enhancement means according to different phase states of easily phase-change cooling working fluid, so as to solve the technical problems of uneven heat exchange and insufficient gas-liquid two-phase flow control capability of heat exchange plate in existing PVT collectors, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchange plate.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0007] A heat exchange plate for a PVT collector includes: an aluminum plate and a cooling channel, and a cooling medium outlet and a cooling medium inlet disposed at both ends of the cooling channel. The cooling channel is made of two aluminum plates by a double-sided blowing process and contains a phase-change cooling medium. In the section of the cooling channel near the cooling medium inlet, multiple ultrasonic transducers are fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the cooling channel. In the section of the cooling channel near the cooling medium outlet, multiple disturbance fins are fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the cooling channel. Each disturbance fin includes: a rigid base fixedly disposed on the cooling channel, and multiple movable hinges fixedly disposed on a bearing platform embedded in the cooling channel, each movable hinge hinged to a flexible fin.
[0008] Furthermore, in the section of the cooling channel near the inlet of the cooling medium, multiple semi-circular grooves that are recessed into the cooling channel are fixed on the outer wall of the cooling channel. The multiple grooves are distributed in a spiral around the cooling channel along the flow direction of the easily phase-change cooling medium.
[0009] Furthermore, the depth of the groove is 0.8mm to 1.5mm, and the helix angle is 20° to 30°;
[0010] Furthermore, multiple ultrasonic transducers are arranged in a flat area located on the outer wall of the cooling channel.
[0011] Furthermore, the overall shape of the cooling channel has a multi-level branched topology;
[0012] Furthermore, the angle between the two branches formed by each branching of the cooling channel is 15°-60°, and the number of branching levels is 2 to 4.
[0013] Furthermore, the flexible fins are shaped like fish fins, and the flexible fins are made of flexible composite materials or superelastic alloys.
[0014] Furthermore, the flexible fins swing around the movable hinge at an angle of 15°-30°.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] This invention targets the phase changes of easily phase-change cooling media and implements a gas-liquid segmented enhancement design for the corresponding cooling channels. In the gas phase section, biomimetic fish fin-shaped movable fins are added to enhance disturbance, while in the liquid phase section, ultrasonic transducers are used to generate ultrasonic waves to eliminate microbubbles in the easily phase-change cooling media, thereby enhancing the heat transfer intensity of the liquid easily phase-change cooling media; thus achieving zoned control to enhance heat transfer.
[0017] In addition, a spiral semi-circular groove strip structure can be further adopted in the liquid phase section to increase the surface area and induce swirling flow, thereby further enhancing heat transfer. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heat exchange plate of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cooling channel structure near the inlet section of the cooling medium in this invention;
[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling channel structure near the outlet of the cooling medium in this invention;
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disturbance fin;
[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;
[0024] In the diagram: 1. Cooling medium outlet; 2. Cooling medium inlet; 3. Cooling channel; 4. Ultrasonic transducer; 5. Rigid base; 6. Disturbance fin; 7. Movable hinge; 8. Flexible fin; 9. Groove. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions adopted in this invention will be clearly and completely explained and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments;
[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a heat exchange plate for a PVT collector, which includes: an aluminum plate and a cooling channel 3, and a cooling medium outlet 1 and a cooling medium inlet 2 disposed at both ends of the cooling channel 3.
[0027] Specifically, the cooling channel 3 is made by using a mold to carve cavities of the corresponding shape on two aluminum plates, pressing them together, and then using a double-sided blowing process. The phase-change cooling medium flows into the cooling channel 3 from the cooling medium inlet 2 and is discharged from the cooling medium outlet 1, and heat exchange is achieved in this way.
[0028] In this embodiment, the overall shape of the cooling channel 3 has a multi-level branched topology, namely:
[0029] The cooling medium inlet 2 branches multiple times along the flow direction. Each branch is formed by splitting a main pipe into two branches. Through multi-layer splitting, a flow network of multiple parallel branches is formed to achieve the distribution matching of flow rate and heat load, ensure smooth flow, and avoid local blockage and pressure surge.
[0030] The angle between the two branches formed by each bifurcation is between 15° and 60°, and the number of branch levels is 2 to 4.
[0031] As the easily phase-change cooling medium gradually absorbs heat during its flow in the cooling channel 3, it gradually changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state during the flow process. As a result, the easily phase-change cooling medium remains in a liquid state in the section of the cooling channel 3 near the cooling medium inlet 2, while it becomes a gaseous state in the section of the cooling channel 3 near the cooling medium outlet 1.
[0032] In this regard, such as Figure 2-3As shown, in the section of the cooling channel 3 near the cooling medium inlet 2, the present invention integrates an ultrasonic transducer 4 on the outer wall of the cooling channel 3. That is, the ultrasonic transducer 4 is driven by an external controller to emit ultrasonic waves. The high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic waves is used to eliminate microbubbles in the liquid phase-change cooling medium in this section of the cooling channel 3, and to induce local high temperature and high pressure, thereby enhancing the heat transfer intensity of the liquid phase-change cooling medium.
[0033] Multiple ultrasonic transducers 4 can be set. The multiple ultrasonic transducers 4 are preferably arranged in a flat area on the outer wall of the cooling channel 3. The arrangement position should avoid the groove 9, bends and branch joints.
[0034] The ultrasonic transducer 4 can be fixed on the outer wall of the cooling channel 3 by pre-reserving welding points on the aluminum plate before the cooling channel 3 is prepared by the double-sided blowing process. After the cooling channel 3 is prepared by the double-sided blowing process, welding such as laser welding or brazing is used to ensure good sealing and small heat-affected zone. Alternatively, the bottom of the ultrasonic transducer 4 can be designed as a flange-type frustum with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the ultrasonic transducer 4 and a thickness of 2mm to 3mm to provide sufficient welding contact area.
[0035] Multiple ultrasonic transducers 4 can be connected in series and driven by an external controller, such as one installed on the back panel of a PVT collector, to emit ultrasonic waves. The frequency range of the ultrasonic transducers 4 is 20kHz to 100kHz, and the output power is adjustable. The transducers can be started, stopped, and the intensity can be adjusted according to real-time temperature and flow signals.
[0036] Furthermore, the cooling channel 3 located in this section is provided with multiple semi-circular grooves 9 that are recessed into the cooling channel 3 on its outer wall. The multiple grooves 9 are distributed in a spiral line around the cooling channel 3 along the flow direction, and can be integrally formed with the cooling channel 3 by using a mold of the corresponding shape in conjunction with the blow molding process.
[0037] By using the groove 9 to form a semi-circular raised strip inside the cooling channel 3, not only can the heat exchange area of the cooling channel 3 be increased, but the liquid phase change cooling medium can also be guided to rotate during the flow process, thereby increasing its turbulence.
[0038] The depth of the groove 9 is preferably 0.8mm to 1.5mm, and the helix angle is 20° to 30°.
[0039] To address the characteristics of liquid cooling media that expand in volume and increase in flow velocity after absorbing heat and vaporizing, specifically in the section of cooling channel 3 near the cooling media outlet 1, agitator fins 6 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cooling channel 3. Figure 4-6 As shown, the disturbance fin 6 includes:
[0040] The rigid base 5 is in the shape of "I". The rigid base 5 consists of a bearing platform set inside the cooling channel 3, an anchoring section set outside the cooling channel 3, and a support plate that passes through the cooling channel 3 and connects the bearing platform and the anchoring section.
[0041] Multiple flexible fins 8 are arranged along the bearing platform of the rigid base 5. One end of each flexible fin 8 is hinged to the bearing platform of the rigid base 5 via a movable hinge 7, so that the flexible fins 8 can rotate and swing around the movable hinge 7 on the bearing platform of the rigid base 5. The swing angle is preferably 15-30°. The connection structure between the movable hinge 7 and the rigid base 5 is a circular flexible connector with a thickness of about 0.3mm and a width that matches the bearing platform of the rigid base 5. The movable hinge 7 is made of corrosion-resistant, flexible and fatigue-resistant material.
[0042] The flexible fin 8 adopts the shape of a fish fin. Its material is a flexible composite material or a super-elastic alloy, which has high fatigue strength, temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. It is injection molded. The upper surface of the flexible fin 8 is triangular with a base width of 0.5-1mm, the lower part is conical, and the overall length is 2-3mm.
[0043] That is, by using the flexible fins 8 that can rotate and swing freely, the laminar boundary layer of the gaseous cooling medium that is prone to phase change in the cooling channel 3 is disrupted, thereby enhancing the turbulence of the gaseous cooling medium and enhancing gas phase heat transfer.
[0044] The cooling channel 3 in this section is prepared as follows:
[0045] First, prepare the disturbance fin 6;
[0046] A rigid base 5 is fabricated using an "I" shaped cross-section design, which consists of an upper load-bearing platform with connecting hinges and a lower anchoring section. It has transverse grooves or protrusions on both sides and uses the same material as the cooling channel 3. The two have stronger fusion at high temperatures. The surface of the rigid base 5 is sandblasted to enhance the bonding force.
[0047] The material of the rigid base 5 is preferably the same as that of the cooling channel 3, which results in stronger fusion at high temperatures;
[0048] The movable end of the movable hinge 7 is connected to the root of the flexible fin 8 by laser welding. After connection, a swing test is performed to ensure that the hinge's degree of freedom of movement meets the expected design angle. Then, the fixed end of the movable hinge 7 is aligned with the bearing platform of the rigid base 5 and fixed by spot welding.
[0049] Then, the cavity of the cooling channel 3 is prepared on the inner surface of the two aluminum plates, and the positioning groove that matches the rigid base 5 is pre-processed by micro-stamping / laser engraving; the rigid base 5 is embedded in the positioning groove, and the rigid base 5 is fixed to the inner surface of the aluminum plate using a high-temperature adhesive (temperature resistance ≥400℃).
[0050] At this point, the rigid base 5 has been initially connected to the inner surface of the aluminum plate, and the flexible fins 8 are placed inside the cavity.
[0051] Finally, the composite aluminum plate is fed into a heating furnace and heated to the aluminum plate softening temperature (400-500℃). Then it is fed into a blow molding die and blown with a high-temperature inert gas (such as nitrogen) to prepare the cooling channel 3 of this section.
[0052] At this time, the aluminum plate extends under high temperature, and the material flows to fill the space around the rigid base 5 and the middle area of the rigid base 5, forming a complete wrapping. The positioning groove and the pre-heated bonding treatment can prevent the bionic fin unit from shifting under the inflation of high temperature gas. After inflation, the rigid base 5 and the aluminum plate are fixed at high temperature to become an integrated plate.
[0053] In addition, based on the above technical solution, the present invention also provides a PVT collector, including: a heat exchange plate, a photovoltaic backsheet, a photovoltaic cell module and a tempered glass plate, which are bonded together by EVA film lamination and fixed by an aluminum alloy frame.
[0054] Experiments show that the PVT collector composed of the heat exchange plate structure of the present invention has a thermal efficiency that is about 25% to 35% higher than that of the traditional serpentine flow channel assembly under standard test conditions, and the uniformity of battery temperature distribution is improved by more than 40%, and the overall thermoelectric performance of the system is significantly enhanced.
[0055] The above examples illustrate the basic principles, main features, and implementation process of this invention. These examples are merely one instance of this invention, not all instances, and cannot be used to limit this invention. Various changes may be made to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Those skilled in the art who, inspired by these examples, design similar structural methods and embodiments without departing from the inventive purpose of this invention should all fall within the protection scope of this invention.
Claims
1. A heat exchange plate for a PVT collector, comprising: The aluminum plate and cooling channel (3) and the cooling medium outlet (1) and cooling medium inlet (2) are provided at both ends of the cooling channel (3). The cooling channel (3) is made of two aluminum plates by double-sided blowing process. The cooling channel (3) is provided with a cooling medium that is easy to change phase. The feature is that: in the section of the cooling channel (3) near the cooling medium inlet (2), a plurality of ultrasonic transducers (4) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cooling channel (3); Located in the section of the cooling channel (3) near the outlet (1) of the cooling medium, a plurality of disturbance fins (6) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cooling channel (3). The disturbance fins (6) include: a rigid base (5) fixedly installed on the cooling channel (3). The rigid base (5) is embedded in the bearing platform of the cooling channel (3) and a plurality of movable hinges (7) are provided. Each movable hinge (7) is hinged to a flexible fin (8).
2. A heat exchange plate for a PVT collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, Located in the section of the cooling channel (3) near the inlet (2) of the cooling medium, a number of semi-circular grooves (9) are fixedly provided on the outer wall of the cooling channel (3) and are recessed into the cooling channel (3). The multiple grooves (9) are spirally distributed around the cooling channel (3) along the flow direction of the phase-change cooling medium.
3. A heat exchange plate for a PVT collector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The groove (9) has a depth of 0.8 mm to 1.5 mm and a helix angle of 20° to 30°.
4. A heat exchange plate for a PVT collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple ultrasonic transducers (4) are arranged in a flat area on the outer wall of the cooling channel (3).
5. A heat exchange plate for a PVT collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overall shape of the cooling channel (3) is a multi-level branched topology.
6. A heat exchange plate for a PVT collector according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle between the two branches formed by each branching of the cooling channel (3) is 15°-60°, and the number of branching levels is 2 to 4.
7. A heat exchange plate for a PVT collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible fin (8) adopts the shape of a fish fin, and the material of the flexible fin (8) is a flexible composite material or a superelastic alloy.
8. A heat exchange plate for a PVT collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible fin (8) swings around the movable hinge (7) at an angle of 15°-30°.
9. A PVT collector comprising a heat exchange plate for a PVT collector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The photovoltaic backsheet, photovoltaic cell module, and tempered glass plate are bonded together by EVA film lamination and fixed by aluminum alloy frame encapsulation.