Box-type transformer cooling system and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a box-type transformer cooling system and a control method. The box-type transformer cooling system comprises a transformer chamber, a refrigerating system, a low-voltage chamber, a high-voltage chamber and a plurality of ventilation pipelines, and the refrigerating system is used for cooling hot air and generating cold air; the multiple ventilation pipelines comprise the first ventilation pipeline, the second ventilation pipeline and the third ventilation pipeline and are used for directional air supply and directional air return. The transformer chamber comprises a dry-type transformer and an insulation box, and an air duct diversion structure is arranged in the insulation box; the transformer chamber is connected with the refrigerating system through a first ventilation pipeline; the low-pressure chamber is connected with the refrigerating system through a second ventilation pipeline; the high-pressure chamber is connected with the refrigerating system through a third ventilation pipeline. Through the application, physical isolation of internal air and external air is realized, invasion of dust, moisture and salt mist is reduced, directional air supply or directional air return is realized through the plurality of ventilation pipelines, efficient heat exchange and directional efficient cooling are realized, and maintenance and cleaning are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of dry-type transformer technology, specifically to a heat dissipation system and control method for a box-type transformer. Background Technology

[0002] Dry-type transformers, as electrical equipment that does not rely on cooling oil for insulation and cooling, are widely used in various scenarios such as commercial buildings, industrial plants, medical facilities, and subway systems due to their excellent environmental friendliness, safety, and reliability. They are particularly suitable for special environments such as flammable and explosive materials, coastal areas, or high-altitude areas. If the heat generated during their operation cannot be dissipated in time, it can lead to aging of insulation materials, equipment damage, and even fires. Dust accumulation further exacerbates heat dissipation obstacles and threatens insulation performance. Therefore, heat dissipation efficiency and dust prevention capabilities are core elements to ensure their operational stability. Currently, the common heat dissipation solution for dry-type transformers is a combination of a bottom-embedded cooling fan and natural convection. However, this technology has significant drawbacks. In terms of heat dissipation efficiency, natural convection relies on spontaneous airflow to remove heat. Due to limitations in the airflow distribution characteristics within the enclosure, heat tends to accumulate in areas such as the top of the enclosure, creating a significant temperature gradient. Experimental data shows that the axial temperature gradient of the windings can reach 15℃ / m, resulting in a slow heat dissipation rate and difficulty meeting the cooling requirements under high power and high load conditions. Simultaneously, the airflow driven by a single bottom fan lacks directional guidance, leading to uneven cooling across the transformer. This not only reduces heat dissipation efficiency but also generates localized thermal stress, shortening the equipment's lifespan. While some solutions attempt to enhance convection by creating ventilation slots, this further exacerbates the dust intrusion problem, creating a technical contradiction between heat dissipation and dust prevention. The challenge of balancing dust protection and heat dissipation brought about by the protection level of prefabricated substations further deteriorates the operating environment of the equipment. Existing prefabricated substations mostly have protection levels of IP43 or IP54. IP43 is a ventilated enclosure, allowing cold air to enter from the bottom and hot air to exit from the top, but it cannot prevent the intrusion of solid particles smaller than 1mm. Dust easily adheres to the heat sink, windings, and ventilation channel surfaces through the ventilation structure. While IP54 provides all-around dust and water protection, it is a non-ventilated enclosure, obstructing external air circulation and drastically reducing the effectiveness of natural cooling. Typically, the rated current of the equipment needs to be reduced by more than 20% to meet temperature rise requirements, severely limiting load capacity. Dust accumulation has become a key bottleneck restricting the operation of dry-type transformers. Dust adhering to the surfaces of heat dissipation equipment and heat dissipation channels obstructs free airflow, reduces the contact area of ​​the heat dissipation medium, significantly reduces heat dissipation efficiency, and alters airflow patterns and paths, further weakening heat removal. More seriously, dust in narrow spaces such as the inside of air ducts and between winding insulation cylinders is difficult to clean. Long-term accumulation not only exacerbates heat dissipation problems, but metallic dust can also easily cause surface creep, threatening insulation performance and even causing insulation breakdown accidents. Existing dust removal methods mostly rely on vacuum cleaners and blowers for surface cleaning, which cannot penetrate deep into the narrow air ducts, resulting in poor cleaning effects. Furthermore, regular shutdowns for maintenance are required, increasing labor costs and affecting power supply continuity. In summary, existing heat dissipation and dust prevention technologies for dry-type transformers present multiple mutually restrictive contradictions: the bottom fan combined with natural convection cooling is inefficient and results in uneven cooling; under IP43 / IP54 protection levels, ventilated designs are prone to dust ingress, while sealed designs hinder heat dissipation; dust accumulation exacerbates heat dissipation obstacles and is difficult to clean effectively. These problems collectively lead to increased equipment operating temperature, limited load capacity, increased maintenance costs, and shortened service life, necessitating a technical solution that can balance efficient heat dissipation and automatic dust prevention to overcome existing bottlenecks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of one of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a heat dissipation system and control method for a box-type transformer.

[0004] A first aspect of this application provides a box-type transformer heat dissipation system, comprising: The transformer room, refrigeration system, low-pressure room, high-pressure room, and transformer enclosure are provided. The refrigeration system is used to cool hot air and generate cold air. The transformer room, the refrigeration system, the low-pressure room, and the high-pressure room are located inside the transformer substation enclosure; The refrigeration system includes multiple ventilation ducts, including a first ventilation duct, a second ventilation duct, and a third ventilation duct, which are used for directional air supply and directional air return. The transformer room includes a dry-type transformer and an insulation box. The transformer room is connected to the refrigeration system through the first ventilation duct. An air duct guide structure is provided inside the insulation box for guiding cold air. The low-pressure chamber is connected to the refrigeration system via the second ventilation duct; The high-pressure chamber is connected to the refrigeration system via the third ventilation duct.

[0005] Optionally, the refrigeration system includes a refrigeration unit and refrigeration equipment, with the refrigeration unit positioned above the refrigeration equipment.

[0006] Optionally, the first ventilation duct is embedded in the wall of the transformer room. The first ventilation duct includes a transformer room air supply duct, a transformer air supply duct, and a transformer room air outlet duct. The transformer room air supply duct is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit to the transformer room. The transformer air supply duct is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit to the insulation box. The transformer room air outlet duct is used to directionally return hot air from the transformer room to the refrigeration unit.

[0007] Optionally, the second ventilation duct includes a low-pressure chamber supply duct and a low-pressure chamber outlet duct. The low-pressure chamber supply duct is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit to the low-pressure chamber, and the low-pressure chamber outlet duct is used to directionally supply hot air from the low-pressure chamber to the refrigeration unit.

[0008] Optionally, the third ventilation duct includes a high-pressure chamber supply duct and a high-pressure chamber outlet duct. The high-pressure chamber supply duct is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit to the high-pressure chamber, and the high-pressure chamber outlet duct is used to directionally return hot air from the high-pressure chamber to the refrigeration unit.

[0009] Optionally, the refrigeration system further includes a transformer temperature sensor, a first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, a second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and a third ambient temperature and humidity sensor; The transformer temperature sensor is installed on the dry-type transformer and is used to detect the winding temperature of the dry-type transformer. The first ambient temperature and humidity sensor is installed at the connection between the transformer room and the first ventilation duct, and is also installed on the inner wall of the transformer room. The first ambient temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the transformer room. The second ambient temperature and humidity sensor is installed at the connection between the low-pressure chamber and the second ventilation duct, and is also installed on the inner wall of the low-pressure chamber. The second ambient temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the low-pressure chamber. The third ambient temperature and humidity sensor is installed at the connection between the high-pressure chamber and the third ventilation duct, and is also installed on the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber. The third ambient temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the high-pressure chamber.

[0010] Optionally, the insulating box is disposed at the bottom of the dry-type transformer, and the air duct guide structure is connected to the transformer air supply pipe. The air duct guide structure is used to guide the cold air supplied by the transformer air supply pipe to the air inlet of the insulating box to the dry-type transformer for heat exchange.

[0011] Optionally, the transformer room, the low-voltage room, and the high-voltage room adopt a welded steel plate structure with an IP56 protection rating.

[0012] Optionally, the box-type transformer heat dissipation system further includes a programmable controller, which controls the cooling system to collect sensor data from the transformer temperature sensor, the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor for dehumidification or cooling.

[0013] A second aspect of this application provides a control method for a box-type transformer heat dissipation system, applied to any of the box-type transformer heat dissipation systems provided in the first aspect of this application, comprising: Check whether the transformer temperature sensor, the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor are in working condition; A programmable controller is used to collect sensor data from the transformer temperature sensor, the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor. The sensor data includes temperature data and humidity data. If the data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor do not meet the preset critical dew point, determine whether to start the refrigeration system based on the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor and the preset first temperature threshold. If the data from the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than the preset first temperature threshold, then it is determined whether to start the refrigeration system based on the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset second temperature threshold, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset third temperature threshold, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset fourth temperature threshold.

[0014] Optionally, the method further includes: The method further includes: If any data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor meets the preset critical dew point, the programmable controller will activate the dehumidification mode.

[0015] Optionally, if the data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor all fail to meet the requirement of being below a preset critical dew point, determining whether to activate the refrigeration system based on the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor and a preset first temperature threshold includes: If the data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is not less than the preset first temperature threshold, the programmable controller is used to start the refrigeration system.

[0016] If the data from the first, second, and third ambient temperature and humidity sensors all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than the preset first temperature threshold, the system determines whether to activate the cooling system based on the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset second temperature threshold, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset third temperature threshold, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset fourth temperature threshold. This includes: If the data from the first, second, and third ambient temperature and humidity sensors all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than the preset first temperature threshold, or the data from the first, second, or third ambient temperature and humidity sensors is not less than the preset second temperature threshold, or the data from the second, third, or fourth ambient temperature and humidity sensors is not less than the preset third temperature threshold, the programmable controller is used to start the refrigeration system.

[0017] The box-type transformer cooling system of this application is box-type and uses a closed-loop circulation to physically isolate the internal air from the external ambient air, preventing the intrusion of external dust, moisture, and salt spray. This effectively prevents the electrical equipment from insulation degradation and short-circuit risks caused by dust accumulation or condensation, ensuring a safe operating environment for the equipment. Through multiple ventilation ducts for directional air supply and return, forced convection heat exchange and directional high-efficiency cooling are achieved. The refrigeration system adopts phase change refrigeration to improve heat transfer efficiency and achieve high-efficiency heat exchange. No cleaning of the interior is required, making maintenance convenient.

[0018] Other technical effects resulting from the additional features will be further illustrated in the corresponding embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a box-type transformer heat dissipation system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transformer room according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0021] Figure 3 The images show a right view, a front view, and a left view of a refrigeration unit according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a box-type transformer heat dissipation system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0023] In the diagram: 100. Cooling system for box-type transformer; 1. Transformer room; 11. Dry-type transformer; 12. Insulation box; 13. Air duct guide structure; 14. Wall of transformer room; 2. Refrigeration system; 21. Refrigeration unit; 211. High-voltage room air supply duct; 212. Low-voltage room air supply duct; 213. High-voltage room air outlet duct; 214. Low-voltage room air outlet duct; 215. Transformer room air supply duct; 216. Transformer air supply duct; 217. Transformer room air outlet duct; 22. Refrigeration equipment; 23. First ventilation duct; 24. Second ventilation duct; 25. Third ventilation duct; 26. Transformer temperature sensor; 27. First ambient temperature and humidity sensor; 28. Second ambient temperature and humidity sensor; 29. ​​Third ambient temperature and humidity sensor; 3. Low-voltage room; 4. High-voltage room. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application. These all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0029] Existing cooling solutions for dry-type box-type transformers employ a bottom-embedded cooling fan combined with natural convection. However, due to limitations in airflow distribution within the enclosure, heat accumulates at the top of the enclosure, creating a temperature gradient and resulting in low cooling efficiency. Furthermore, the single bottom-driven fan lacks directional airflow guidance, leading to uneven cooling within the transformer area, further reducing cooling efficiency, generating localized thermal stress, shortening equipment lifespan, and requiring regular cleaning of dust inside the transformer. To address these issues, this application provides a box-type transformer cooling system to resolve the aforementioned problems.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a box-type transformer heat dissipation system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a box-type transformer heat dissipation system 100 for dust prevention, dehumidification and automatic cooling of dry-type transformer 11, including: transformer chamber 1, cooling system 2, low-pressure chamber 3, high-pressure chamber 4 and box-type transformer shell, the cooling system 2 is used to cool hot air and generate cold air.

[0032] The transformer room 1, the refrigeration system 2, the low-pressure room 3, and the high-pressure room 4 are located inside the transformer substation enclosure.

[0033] The refrigeration system 2 includes multiple ventilation ducts, including a first ventilation duct 23, a second ventilation duct 24 and a third ventilation duct 25, which are used for directional air supply and directional air return.

[0034] The transformer room 1 includes a dry-type transformer 11 and an insulation box 12. The transformer room 1 is connected to the refrigeration system 2 through a first ventilation duct 23. An air duct guide structure is provided inside the insulation box 12 to guide the flow of cold air.

[0035] Low-pressure chamber 3 is connected to refrigeration system 2 via second ventilation duct 24.

[0036] Specifically, the low-voltage chamber 3 is equipped with, but is not limited to, a low-voltage incoming line unit, a low-voltage switch, instruments and meters, and connecting copper busbars. The current in the low-voltage chamber 3 is relatively large, and the copper busbars generate a lot of heat, so it is necessary to dissipate heat and cool down the low-voltage chamber 3.

[0037] High-pressure chamber 4 is connected to refrigeration system 2 via third ventilation duct 25.

[0038] Specifically, the high-voltage compartment 4 is equipped with, but is not limited to, a high-voltage incoming line unit, a high-voltage switch, a surge arrester, a live indicator, and connecting copper busbars. The current inside the high-voltage compartment 4 is relatively small, resulting in low heat generation and a low probability of overheating, but cooling is still necessary. When the high-voltage compartment 4 is at low temperatures, it needs to be heated to the ambient temperature; therefore, the heating function is even more important for the high-voltage compartment 4.

[0039] In the above embodiments of this application, the box-type transformer heat dissipation system 100 is configured as a box type and uses a closed-loop circulation to physically isolate the internal air from the external ambient air, preventing the intrusion of external dust, moisture, and salt spray. This effectively prevents the electrical equipment from experiencing insulation degradation and short-circuit risks due to dust accumulation or condensation, ensuring a safe operating environment for the equipment. Multiple ventilation ducts provide directional air supply and return, and an airflow guiding structure is provided in the insulation box 12 of the transformer room 1 to achieve forced convection heat exchange and directional high-efficiency cooling. A phase-change cooling system 2 is used to improve heat transfer efficiency and achieve high-efficiency heat exchange. No cleaning of the interior is required, making maintenance convenient.

[0040] In some specific embodiments of this application, the refrigeration system 2 includes a refrigeration unit 21 and a refrigeration device 22, with the refrigeration unit 21 disposed above the refrigeration device 22.

[0041] Specifically, the refrigeration unit 21 is an indoor unit used to process indoor air, precisely regulate indoor temperature, humidity, cleanliness and airflow to achieve indoor cooling and heating effects. The specific process is as follows: indoor heating and cooling is regulated through heat exchange, indoor air is circulated and transported, air impurities are filtered, air humidity is regulated, and the air supply direction is flexibly adjusted. At the same time, convenient operation is achieved by relying on intelligent control and reality.

[0042] The refrigeration equipment 22 is the outdoor unit, which is the core power and heat dissipation center of the refrigeration system. It is used for refrigerant circulation regulation to realize the exchange and transfer of indoor heat and cold energy with the outdoor environment. The specific process is as follows: the refrigerant is compressed to provide circulation power, and heat dissipation and cooling are completed through radiators and forced ventilation. The pressure is regulated by refrigerant throttling, and the cooling and heating modes are switched by means of the reversing valve. Finally, the heat or cold energy absorbed indoors is discharged to the outdoor environment.

[0043] The refrigeration unit 21 is connected to the transformer room 1 via a partition flange.

[0044] In the above embodiments of this application, the refrigeration system 2 adopts a refrigeration unit 21 and a refrigeration device 22. The refrigeration system 2 achieves active refrigeration through phase change refrigeration, providing cooled air to the transformer room 1, the low-pressure room 3 and the high-pressure room 4. The heat transfer efficiency is much higher than that of traditional natural ventilation or simple exhaust ventilation.

[0045] Figure 3 The images show a right view, a front view, and a left view of a refrigeration unit according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0046] Reference Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 (a) represents the right view of the refrigeration unit. Figure 3 (b) shows the front view of the refrigeration unit. Figure 3 (c) represents the left view of the refrigeration unit.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in order to achieve heat dissipation and cooling, in some specific embodiments of this application, the refrigeration system 2 further includes a refrigeration unit 21 and a refrigeration device 22, with the refrigeration unit 21 disposed above the refrigeration device 22.

[0048] One end of the refrigeration unit 21 is connected to the first ventilation duct 23, and the other end of the refrigeration unit 21 is connected to the second ventilation duct 24 and the third ventilation duct 25.

[0049] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 As shown in (b), the first ventilation duct 23 is embedded in the wall 14 of the transformer room. The first ventilation duct 23 includes a transformer room air supply duct 215, a transformer air supply duct 216, and a transformer room air outlet duct 217. The transformer room air supply duct 215 is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit 21 to the transformer room 1. The transformer air supply duct 216 is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit 21 to the insulation box 12. The transformer room air outlet duct 217 is used to directionally return hot air from the transformer room 1 to the refrigeration unit 21.

[0050] The transformer room air supply duct 215 includes two ducts, which connect the refrigeration unit 21 and the transformer room 1. The transformer room air supply duct 216 includes one duct, which connects the refrigeration unit 21 and the insulation box 12. The transformer room air outlet duct 217 includes one duct, which connects the refrigeration unit 21 and the transformer room 1.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 As shown in (c), the second ventilation duct 24 includes a low-pressure chamber supply air duct 212 and a low-pressure chamber outlet air duct 214. The low-pressure chamber supply air duct 212 is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit 21 to the low-pressure chamber 3, and the low-pressure chamber outlet air duct 214 is used to directionally return hot air from the low-pressure chamber 3 to the refrigeration unit 21.

[0052] The low-pressure chamber air supply duct 212 includes one unit, which is used to connect the refrigeration unit 21 and the low-pressure chamber 3. The low-pressure chamber air outlet duct 214 includes one unit, which is used to connect the refrigeration unit 21 and the low-pressure chamber 3.

[0053] Reference Figure 3 In section (c), the third ventilation duct 25 includes a high-pressure chamber supply air duct 211 and a high-pressure chamber outlet air duct 213. The high-pressure chamber supply air duct 211 is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit 21 to the high-pressure chamber 4, and the high-pressure chamber outlet air duct 213 is used to directionally return hot air from the high-pressure chamber 4 to the refrigeration unit 21.

[0054] The high-pressure chamber air supply duct 211 includes one unit, which is used to connect the refrigeration unit 21 and the high-pressure chamber 4. The high-pressure chamber air outlet duct 213 includes one unit, which is used to connect the refrigeration unit 21 and the high-pressure chamber 4.

[0055] In the above embodiments of this application, the first ventilation duct 23, the second ventilation duct 24 and the third ventilation duct 25 are provided to achieve directional delivery of cold air and directional regenerated air, thereby realizing forced convection heat transfer and directional efficient cooling.

[0056] To achieve dehumidification and cooling, in some specific embodiments of this application, the refrigeration system 2 further includes a transformer temperature sensor 26, a first ambient temperature and humidity sensor 27, a second ambient temperature and humidity sensor 28, and a third ambient temperature and humidity sensor 29.

[0057] The transformer temperature sensor 26 is installed on the dry-type transformer 11 and is used to detect the winding temperature of the dry-type transformer 11.

[0058] The first ambient temperature and humidity sensor 27 is installed at the connection between the transformer room 1 and the first ventilation duct 23, and is installed on the inner wall 14 of the transformer room. The first ambient temperature and humidity sensor 27 is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the transformer room 1.

[0059] The second ambient temperature and humidity sensor 28 is installed at the connection between the low-pressure chamber 3 and the second ventilation duct 24, and is installed on the inner wall of the low-pressure chamber 3. The second ambient temperature and humidity sensor 28 is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the low-pressure chamber 3.

[0060] The third ambient temperature and humidity sensor 29 is installed at the connection between the high-pressure chamber 4 and the third ventilation duct 25, and is installed on the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber 4. The third ambient temperature and humidity sensor 29 is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the high-pressure chamber 4.

[0061] The embodiments described above in this application, by setting a transformer temperature sensor 26, a first ambient temperature and humidity sensor 27, a second ambient temperature and humidity sensor 28, and a third temperature and humidity sensor, achieve accurate temperature and humidity monitoring of the transformer windings, transformer chamber 1, low-voltage chamber 3, and high-voltage chamber 4, and facilitate the system to control dehumidification and cooling based on temperature and humidity data.

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transformer room according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0063] Reference Figure 2 As shown in some specific embodiments of this application, the dry-type transformer 11 of this application is composed of an iron core or a magnetic core and a coil.

[0064] In some specific embodiments of this application, the insulation box 12 is disposed at the bottom of the dry-type transformer 11, and the interior of the insulation box 12 is provided with an air duct guide structure 13. The air duct guide structure 13 is connected to the transformer air supply pipe 216. The air duct guide structure 13 is used to guide the cold air supplied by the transformer air supply pipe 216 to the air inlet of the insulation box 12 to the dry-type transformer 11 for heat exchange.

[0065] The hot air that has undergone heat exchange is discharged into the natural environment through the top of the dry-type transformer 11.

[0066] Specifically, the insulation box 12 is composed of multiple insulation boards, and the material of the insulation box 12 can be a board material including but not limited to insulation boards, epoxy boards, PVC boards and other insulating materials.

[0067] Specifically, the two supply air channels and one return air channel of the first ventilation duct 23 of the refrigeration system 2 are embedded in the wall of the transformer room 1, which has an IP56 protection level, forming a sealed unit. The system delivers cold air to the air inlet of the bottom insulation box 12 of the dry-type transformer 11 through the transformer supply air duct 216, and guides the air to the windings of the dry-type transformer 11 through the air duct guide structure 13 for forced convection heat exchange to achieve precise heat dissipation. The air supplied by the transformer room supply air duct 215 is used to maintain the ambient temperature field of the transformer room 1. Finally, the hot air in the transformer room 1 is drawn back to the refrigeration unit 21 for cooling through the transformer room outlet air duct 217, forming a closed loop.

[0068] For example, when the cooling system 2 is started or relies on natural convection, cold air is guided to flow in preferentially from the preset air inlet of the transformer room 1. Through the air duct guide structure 13 of the insulating box 12, the incoming air is "organized" and accelerated, so that it flows in a concentrated and stable manner to the coil air duct of the dry-type transformer 11 with the largest heat generation, and the heat is efficiently discharged. The generated hot air is discharged through the top of the dry-type transformer 11, thus forming a stable and controllable closed-loop heat dissipation path of "cold air in → directional flow → heat exchange → hot air out". This effectively overcomes the defects of turbulent air flow field, eddy currents and dead zones in traditional structures, and maximizes the utilization of cooling air volume.

[0069] In the above embodiments of this application, the airflow guiding structure 13 provided in the insulating box 12 precisely guides the cooled air in the form of a jet to the bottom air inlet of the dry-type transformer 11, so that it flows from bottom to top through the body of the dry-type transformer 11, thereby achieving directional and efficient cooling and avoiding waste of cold air.

[0070] The transformer room 1 of this application has a closed design, so there is no need to maintain or clean the transformer room 1. Therefore, when it is necessary to clean the refrigeration unit 21 of the refrigeration system 2, there is no need to cut off the high voltage power so as to disconnect the power of the entire box-type transformer heat dissipation system 100. Only the upstream power supply of the cooling unit needs to be cut off, and the power supply of other circuits will not be affected, which is convenient for maintenance.

[0071] In some specific embodiments of this application, the other end of the refrigeration unit 21 is independently configured with two supply air paths and two return air paths, which respectively provide independent closed-loop cooling for the low-pressure chamber 3 and the high-pressure chamber 4, thereby achieving efficient and thermally isolated management of the entire power distribution device.

[0072] In some specific embodiments of this application, the transformer room 1, the low-voltage room 3, and the high-voltage room 4 adopt a welded steel plate structure with an IP56 protection level.

[0073] In the above embodiments of this application, the transformer chamber 1, the low-voltage chamber 3, and the high-voltage chamber 4 adopt a steel plate welded structure and the protection level reaches IP56, which can achieve dustproof and strong waterproof, block most dust from entering the equipment, avoid circuit short circuits, mechanical jamming and other faults caused by dust accumulation, and adapt to dusty, humid or outdoor scenes.

[0074] In some specific embodiments of this application, a box-type transformer heat dissipation system 100 further includes a programmable controller. The programmable controller is used to control the cooling system 2 to collect sensor data from the transformer temperature sensor 26, the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor 27, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor 28, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor 29 for dehumidification or cooling.

[0075] Specifically, programmable controllers can include, but are not limited to: PLCs, embedded space / microcontrollers, dedicated controllers, programmable automation controllers, and intelligent gateways for I / O systems.

[0076] The working principle of the box-type transformer heat dissipation system 100 of this application is as follows: After the cooling unit of the refrigeration system 2 is powered on, the programmable controller collects and fuses data from multiple sensors in real time, including temperature data from transformer temperature sensor 26, temperature and humidity data from first ambient temperature and humidity sensor 27, temperature and humidity data from second ambient temperature and humidity sensor 28, and temperature and humidity data from third ambient temperature and humidity sensor 29.

[0077] The box-type transformer uses a priority intelligent control strategy based on multiple thresholds to control dehumidification and automatic cooling: The programmable controller controls the dehumidification / cooling function of each compartment based on the humidity data from the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor 27, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor 28, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor 29, according to the temperature or humidity transmitted by the temperature and humidity sensors in different compartments, namely the transformer compartment, the high-voltage compartment, and the low-voltage compartment. The control is compared with the preset critical dew point. If the condensation condition is reached, the dehumidification mode is activated first to actively reduce the absolute humidity of the air and prevent condensation from causing a decrease in electrical insulation strength.

[0078] If the condensation conditions are not met, the temperature control judgment process will proceed, which employs a tiered strategy: When the transformer temperature sensor 26 detects that the winding temperature of the dry-type transformer 11 is not less than 95°, the cooling mode is immediately activated to ensure the thermal stability of the dry-type transformer 11.

[0079] When the transformer temperature sensor 26 detects that the winding temperature of the dry-type transformer 11 is less than 95°, it further compares the temperature data of the transformer chamber 1, the low-voltage chamber 3, and the high-voltage chamber 4 respectively. If the temperature of the transformer chamber 1 detected by the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor 27 is not less than 45°, or the temperature of the low-voltage chamber 3 detected by the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor 28, or the temperature of the high-voltage chamber 4 detected by the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor 29 is not less than 55°, the cooling mode is immediately turned on, and the corresponding transformer chamber 1, the low-voltage chamber 3, or the high-voltage chamber 4 is cooled down.

[0080] In the above embodiments of this application, the box-type transformer heat dissipation system 100 is based on a programmable controller to execute a priority intelligent control strategy based on multiple thresholds. When the humidity is high, it exhausts air and heats; when the temperature is high, it starts cooling. There is no need for standby monitoring during operation, so as to achieve on-demand cooling, optimize energy consumption, extend the service life of equipment, and ensure that the box-type transformer can maintain a suitable internal climate environment under various operating conditions, thereby ensuring its safe, reliable and efficient operation.

[0081] The present application provides a box-type transformer heat dissipation system 100, which is non-passive ventilation. It uses a transformer temperature sensor 26, a first ambient temperature and humidity sensor 27, a second ambient temperature and humidity sensor 28, and a third ambient temperature and humidity sensor 29, which are pre-embedded on the windings of the dry-type transformer 11, to control the compressor to actively cool and forcibly remove heat from the inside of the box-type transformer. It has strong heat dissipation capacity and is not restricted by external climate conditions.

[0082] This application provides a box-type transformer heat dissipation system 100, in which the internal air is physically isolated from the external ambient air. After the internal hot air is cooled by the cooling system 2, it continues to circulate inside the box-type transformer. Furthermore, the transformer chamber 1, low-voltage chamber 4, and high-voltage chamber 4 inside the box-type transformer are equipped with dustproof structures, which can quickly and efficiently reduce the temperature and humidity inside the dry-type transformer 11, while preventing dust accumulation in the transformer chamber 1, low-voltage chamber 1, and high-voltage chamber 4. It can also prevent the intrusion of external dust, moisture, and salt spray, effectively preventing the risk of insulation degradation and short circuit caused by dust accumulation or condensation in electrical equipment. This improves the stability and efficiency of the dry-type transformer 11 and other low-voltage and high-voltage components, ensuring a safe operating environment for the equipment.

[0083] The box-type transformer heat dissipation system 100 provided in this application also has complete local display, remote fault alarm, operation data recording and remote communication functions, laying the foundation for predictive maintenance and intelligent power grid management.

[0084] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a box-type transformer heat dissipation system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0085] Reference Figure 4 As shown in one embodiment of this application, a control method for a box-type transformer heat dissipation system is provided. This method can be applied to the box-type transformer heat dissipation system provided in this application to achieve dehumidification and heat dissipation of the box-type transformer. The method may include steps S11 to S14.

[0086] S11, detect whether the transformer temperature sensor, the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor are in working condition.

[0087] Specifically, when the transformer temperature sensor, the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor are all in working condition, step S12 is executed.

[0088] S12 uses a programmable controller to collect sensor data from the transformer temperature sensor, the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor.

[0089] Specifically, the sensor data includes temperature data and humidity data.

[0090] S13, if the data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor do not meet the preset critical dew point, determine whether to start the refrigeration system based on the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor and the preset first temperature threshold.

[0091] Specifically, to determine whether the preset critical dew point is met, based on the temperature and humidity data detected by the ambient temperature and humidity sensor, it is determined whether the temperature is lower than the temperature corresponding to the preset critical dew point under the given humidity data. If it is lower, it means that the preset critical dew point is met; if it is higher, it means that the preset critical dew point is not met.

[0092] Specifically, the preset critical dew point can be: At an air temperature of 30℃ and a relative humidity of 60%, the preset critical dew point is 21.1℃. Dew will form on the surface of an object when the temperature is below 21.1℃. At an air temperature of 30℃ and a relative humidity of 80%, the preset critical dew point is 26.3℃. Dew will form on the surface of an object if the temperature is below 26.3℃, indicating that the environment is very humid. Dew will also form on the surface of an object if the temperature is slightly lower than the air temperature. At an air temperature of 25℃ and a relative humidity of 50%, the preset critical dew point is 13.9℃. Dew will form on the surface of an object when the temperature is below 13.9℃, indicating that the environment is comfortable and dry and condensation is not likely to occur. At an air temperature of 25℃ and a relative humidity of 80%, the preset critical dew point is 21.4℃. Dew will form on the surface of an object when the temperature is below 21.4℃, indicating a humid environment and a significantly increased risk of condensation. At an air temperature of 20℃ and a relative humidity of 50%, the preset critical dew point is 9.3℃. Dew will form on the surface of an object when the temperature is below 9.3℃, indicating that the environment is dry and comfortable. At an air temperature of 20℃ and a relative humidity of 80%, the preset critical dew point is 16.5℃. Dew will form on the surface of an object when the temperature is below 16.5℃, indicating that the environment is damp and cold, and condensation may form on the inside of the wall. At an air temperature of 15℃ and a relative humidity of 50%, the preset critical dew point is 4.5℃. Dew will form on the surface of an object when the temperature is below 4.5℃, indicating that the environment is dry. At an air temperature of 15℃ and a relative humidity of 80%, the preset critical dew point is 11.7℃. Dew will form on the surface of an object when the temperature is below 11.7℃, indicating that the environment is humid and windows are prone to condensation. At an air temperature of 10℃ and a relative humidity of 90%, the preset critical dew point is 8.5℃. Dew will form on the surface of an object when it is below 8.5℃, indicating that the air is close to saturation and dew will form when the object temperature is slightly lower.

[0093] Specifically, the preset first temperature threshold is 95°.

[0094] S14. If the data from the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than the preset first temperature threshold, determine whether to start the cooling system based on the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset second temperature threshold, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset third temperature threshold, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset fourth temperature threshold.

[0095] Specifically, the preset second temperature threshold can be set to 45°; both the preset second temperature threshold and the preset third temperature threshold can be set to 55°.

[0096] The embodiments described above employ a programmable controller to execute a priority intelligent control strategy based on multiple thresholds. When the humidity is high, ventilation and heating are activated; when the temperature is high, cooling is initiated. There is no need for standby monitoring during operation, thus achieving on-demand cooling, optimizing energy consumption, extending equipment lifespan, and ensuring that the box-type transformer can maintain a suitable internal climate environment under various operating conditions, thereby guaranteeing its safe, reliable, and efficient operation.

[0097] To achieve the dehumidification function, in some specific embodiments of this application, a control method for a box-type transformer heat dissipation system may further include S15.

[0098] S15, if any data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor meets the preset critical dew point, the programmable controller is used to start the dehumidification mode of the refrigeration system.

[0099] The embodiments described above in this application determine whether the dehumidification mode of the refrigeration system needs to be activated based on a preset critical dew point, thereby removing excess moisture from the inside of the box-type transformer in a timely manner, preventing short circuits, and extending the service life of the components inside the box-type transformer.

[0100] To achieve cooling of the dry-type transformer windings in the transformer room, in some specific embodiments of this application, in S13, if the data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, a determination is made on whether to start the cooling system based on the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor and the preset first temperature threshold. This can be achieved by: If the data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is not less than the preset first temperature threshold, the programmable controller will be used to start the refrigeration system.

[0101] Specifically, the programmable controller starts the cooling system, and the cold air is transmitted to the windings of the dry-type transformer through the first ventilation duct and the air duct guide structure in the insulation box for heat exchange, thereby cooling the windings of the dry-type transformer. The hot air after heat exchange is returned to the cooling system through the air duct guide structure and the first ventilation duct.

[0102] The embodiments described above control whether to activate the dehumidification and cooling modes of the refrigeration system based on ambient humidity, temperature and humidity data from transformer temperature sensors, preset critical dew points, and multiple temperature thresholds. This provides on-demand cooling and dehumidification for the dry-type transformer, optimizes energy consumption, and achieves forced convection heat transfer and phase change cooling. The heat transfer efficiency is far higher than that of traditional natural ventilation and forced exhaust, resulting in strong heat dissipation capabilities that are not constrained by external climate conditions. The optimized air duct design can precisely guide the cooled air to the air inlet of the bottom insulation box of the transformer, allowing it to flow upwards through the dry-type transformer body, achieving directional and efficient cooling and avoiding waste of cooling capacity.

[0103] To achieve cooling of any room in the transformer room, low-voltage room, or high-voltage room, in some specific embodiments of this application, for S14, if the data from the first, second, and third ambient temperature and humidity sensors all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than a preset first temperature threshold, a determination is made on whether to activate the cooling system based on the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset second temperature threshold, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset third temperature threshold, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset fourth temperature threshold, including: If the data from the first, second, and third ambient temperature and humidity sensors all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than the preset first temperature threshold, or the temperature data from the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor is not less than the preset second temperature threshold, or the temperature data from the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor is not less than the preset third temperature threshold, or the temperature data from the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor is not less than the preset fourth temperature threshold, the programmable controller will be used to start the refrigeration system.

[0104] For example, if the data from the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than 95°C, and the temperature data from the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor is not less than 45°C, it indicates that the transformer room needs to be cooled. The programmable controller starts the cooling system, and the cold air is transmitted to the transformer room through the first ventilation duct for heat exchange. The hot air after heat exchange is returned to the cooling system through the first ventilation duct.

[0105] For example, if the data from the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than 95°C, the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor is less than 45°C, and the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor is not less than 55°C, it indicates that the low-pressure room needs to be cooled. The programmable controller starts the cooling system, and the cold air is transmitted to the transformer room through the second ventilation duct for heat exchange. The hot air after heat exchange is returned to the cooling system through the second ventilation duct.

[0106] For example, if the data from the first, second, and third ambient temperature and humidity sensors all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than 95°C, the temperature data from the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor is less than 45°C, the temperature data from the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor is less than 55°C, and the temperature data from the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor is not less than 55°C, it indicates that the high-voltage room needs to be cooled. The cold air is transmitted to the transformer room through the third ventilation duct for heat exchange, and the hot air after heat exchange is returned to the cooling system through the second ventilation duct.

[0107] If the temperature data from the ambient temperature and humidity sensors corresponding to the transformer room, low-voltage room, and high-voltage room mentioned above are not lower than the corresponding temperature threshold, the cooling system can be activated to cool down each room, and it is not limited to cooling a single room.

[0108] The embodiments described above in this application utilize a priority intelligent control strategy based on multiple thresholds. This strategy controls whether to activate the cooling system and start the cooling mode based on ambient humidity, temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor, and temperature data from each compartment. This optimizes energy consumption, enables on-demand cooling, eliminates the need for standby monitoring during operation, extends equipment lifespan, and ensures that the box-type transformer maintains a suitable internal climate environment under various operating conditions. This, in turn, guarantees the safe, reliable, and efficient operation of the box-type transformer.

[0109] The preferred features in the above embodiments can be used individually in any embodiment, or in any combination thereof, provided they do not conflict with each other. Furthermore, parts not described in detail in the embodiments can be implemented using existing technologies.

[0110] The specific embodiments of this application have been described above. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this application. The above-described preferred features can be used in any combination without conflict.

Claims

1. A box-type transformer heat dissipation system, characterized in that, include: The transformer room, refrigeration system, low-pressure room, high-pressure room, and transformer enclosure are provided. The refrigeration system is used to cool hot air and generate cold air. The transformer room, the refrigeration system, the low-pressure room, and the high-pressure room are located inside the transformer substation enclosure; The refrigeration system includes multiple ventilation ducts, including a first ventilation duct, a second ventilation duct, and a third ventilation duct, which are used for directional air supply and directional air return. The transformer room includes a dry-type transformer and an insulation box. The transformer room is connected to the refrigeration system through the first ventilation duct. An air duct guide structure is provided inside the insulation box for guiding cold air. The low-pressure chamber is connected to the refrigeration system via the second ventilation duct; The high-pressure chamber is connected to the refrigeration system via the third ventilation duct.

2. The box-type transformer heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigeration system includes a refrigeration unit and refrigeration equipment, with the refrigeration unit positioned above the refrigeration equipment.

3. The box-type transformer heat dissipation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first ventilation duct is embedded in the wall of the transformer room. The first ventilation duct includes a transformer room air supply duct, a transformer air supply duct, and a transformer room air outlet duct. The transformer room air supply duct is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit to the transformer room. The transformer air supply duct is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit to the insulation box. The transformer room air outlet duct is used to directionally return hot air from the transformer room to the refrigeration unit.

4. The heat dissipation system for a box-type transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second ventilation duct includes a low-pressure chamber supply air duct and a low-pressure chamber outlet air duct. The low-pressure chamber supply air duct is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit to the low-pressure chamber, and the low-pressure chamber outlet air duct is used to directionally return hot air from the low-pressure chamber to the refrigeration unit.

5. The heat dissipation system for a box-type transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third ventilation duct includes a high-pressure chamber supply duct and a high-pressure chamber outlet duct. The high-pressure chamber supply duct is used to directionally supply cold air from the refrigeration unit to the high-pressure chamber, and the high-pressure chamber outlet duct is used to directionally return hot air from the high-pressure chamber to the refrigeration unit.

6. The heat dissipation system for a box-type transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The refrigeration system also includes a transformer temperature sensor, a first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, a second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and a third ambient temperature and humidity sensor; The transformer temperature sensor is installed on the dry-type transformer and is used to detect the winding temperature of the dry-type transformer. The first ambient temperature and humidity sensor is installed at the connection between the transformer room and the first ventilation duct, and is also installed on the inner wall of the transformer room. The first ambient temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the transformer room. The second ambient temperature and humidity sensor is installed at the connection between the low-pressure chamber and the second ventilation duct, and is also installed on the inner wall of the low-pressure chamber. The second ambient temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the low-pressure chamber. The third ambient temperature and humidity sensor is installed at the connection between the high-pressure chamber and the third ventilation duct, and is also installed on the inner wall of the high-pressure chamber. The third ambient temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the high-pressure chamber.

7. The heat dissipation system for a box-type transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulation box is located at the bottom of the dry-type transformer. The air duct guide structure is connected to the transformer's air supply pipe. The air duct guide structure is used to guide the cold air supplied by the transformer's air supply pipe to the air inlet of the insulation box and then to the dry-type transformer for heat exchange.

8. The heat dissipation system for a box-type transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transformer room, the low-voltage room, and the high-voltage room are constructed of welded steel plates with an IP56 protection rating. The box-type transformer heat dissipation system also includes a programmable controller, which is used to control the cooling system to collect sensor data from the transformer temperature sensor, the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor for dehumidification or cooling.

9. A control method for a box-type transformer heat dissipation system, applied to the box-type transformer heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: Check whether the transformer temperature sensor, the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor are in working condition; A programmable controller is used to collect sensor data from the transformer temperature sensor, the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor. The sensor data includes temperature data and humidity data. If the data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor do not meet the preset critical dew point, determine whether to start the refrigeration system based on the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor and the preset first temperature threshold. If the data from the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than the preset first temperature threshold, then it is determined whether to start the refrigeration system based on the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset second temperature threshold, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset third temperature threshold, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset fourth temperature threshold.

10. The control method for the heat dissipation system of the transformer compartment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: If any data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor meets the preset critical dew point, the programmable controller is used to start the dehumidification mode. If the data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, the system determines whether to activate the refrigeration system based on the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor and a preset first temperature threshold, including: If the data from the first ambient humidity sensor, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is not less than the preset first temperature threshold, the programmable controller is used to start the refrigeration system. If the data from the first, second, and third ambient temperature and humidity sensors all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than the preset first temperature threshold, the system determines whether to activate the cooling system based on the first ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset second temperature threshold, the second ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset third temperature threshold, and the third ambient temperature and humidity sensor and the preset fourth temperature threshold. This includes: If the data from the first, second, and third ambient temperature and humidity sensors all fail to meet the preset critical dew point, and the temperature data from the transformer temperature sensor is less than the preset first temperature threshold, or the data from the first, second, or third ambient temperature and humidity sensors is not less than the preset second temperature threshold, or the data from the second, third, or fourth ambient temperature and humidity sensors is not less than the preset third temperature threshold, the programmable controller is used to start the refrigeration system.

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