Gearbox of fine wire rolling mill

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of metal rolling devices, and provides a fine wire rolling mill gearbox which comprises a device body, the device body comprises a box body, a gear shaft and a driving part, and the box body is provided with a heat dissipation groove and a mounting groove; the active heat dissipation structure comprises a pair of rotating plates, a pair of triangular blocks and a moving rod, each rotating plate is provided with a plurality of blocking blocks arranged at intervals, the triangular blocks are fixedly installed on the side walls of the rotating plates, clamping grooves are formed in the inclined faces of the triangular blocks, clamping blocks are arranged on the inclined faces of the moving rods, and the clamping blocks are clamped in the clamping grooves; the moving rod is arranged on the bottom wall of the box body in a liftable manner; in the invention, the moving rod is at the initial position to drive the rotating plate to be at the closed position; and the plurality of blocking blocks can be accurately embedded into the heat dissipation grooves to completely block the ventilation channels of the heat dissipation grooves, so that external dust is prevented from entering a path inside the box body through the heat dissipation grooves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of metal rolling equipment, and particularly relates to a gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill. Background Technology

[0002] A fine wire rolling mill is a metallurgical rolling equipment specifically designed to roll metal billets into high-precision fine wire products. Its core component, the gearbox, undertakes the core functions of power reduction, torque distribution, and speed synchronization control, directly determining the dimensional tolerance accuracy of the metal wire and the continuity of the rolling process. This type of gearbox faces extremely harsh working environments and operational requirements: on the one hand, rolling speeds can reach 60-120 m / s, and the heat flux density generated by high-speed gear meshing and power transmission is as high as 10 kW / m² or more, while the temperature of the rolled workpiece itself is maintained at 800-1000℃, resulting in significant radiant heat around the gearbox and a rapid rise in oil temperature inside the gearbox; on the other hand, the rolling site is filled with metal dust, rolling debris, and water vapor. These highly abrasive impurities can easily penetrate the equipment and cause irreversible damage to precision components such as gears and bearings.

[0003] To address heat dissipation issues, traditional fine wire rolling mill gearboxes typically employ a design with ventilation mesh in the housing, relying on natural air convection for heat dissipation. However, this design presents an irreconcilable core contradiction: the presence of the ventilation mesh directly compromises the housing's sealing integrity, allowing external metal dust and debris to easily penetrate and adhere to the gear surfaces, bearing clearances, and lubricating oil. This not only accelerates gear tooth wear and reduces bearing lifespan but also easily leads to serious malfunctions such as gear jamming and bearing seizure, resulting in excessive rolling accuracy deviations and forced production interruptions. Simultaneously, the heat transfer efficiency of natural cooling alone is extremely low, failing to meet the instantaneous heat generation demands under high-speed, heavy-load conditions. This causes the oil temperature inside the housing to frequently exceed the allowable lubricating oil temperature (80-100℃), thereby accelerating oil oxidation and aging, reducing lubricating viscosity, and inducing a chain reaction of problems such as gear thermal deformation and abnormal meshing clearances, severely restricting the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0004] In existing technologies, some improvement solutions attempt to replace the heat dissipation mesh design with a single forced heat dissipation (such as independent air cooling or water cooling), but significant drawbacks remain: First, there is a lack of coordination with ventilation and heat dissipation, the heat dissipation mode is fixed, and it is impossible to dynamically adapt the heat dissipation intensity according to gearbox load fluctuations (such as rolling speed adjustment, start-stop phases). Under low-temperature conditions, it is easy to cause the oil temperature to be too low, affecting the lubrication effect, while under high-temperature conditions, it is difficult to quickly dissipate concentrated heat. Second, the protection design is imperfect, focusing only on the sealing of the main body of the gearbox and ignoring the gap between the gear shaft output end and the gearbox. This area is still easy to become a channel for dust intrusion, and the intruded dust is difficult to remove. Long-term accumulation will continuously affect the shaft system's operating accuracy. Third, an integrated design of sealing-heat dissipation-dust prevention has not been formed. The forced heat dissipation structure and the protection structure are independent of each other, which cannot fundamentally solve the industry pain point that heat dissipation requirements and sealing protection cannot be achieved simultaneously. Therefore, a fine wire mill gearbox is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill, comprising:

[0008] The device body includes a housing, multiple gear shafts, and a drive component. The gears of the multiple gear shafts mesh with each other. One end of each gear shaft is mounted inside the housing via a bearing, and the other end of each gear shaft extends a predetermined distance outside the housing. The drive component is mounted outside the housing, and the output shaft of the drive component is connected to one of the gear shafts. Multiple heat dissipation grooves are provided at intervals on the opposite side walls of the housing, and mounting grooves are provided on the opposite side walls of the inner wall of the housing.

[0009] An active heat dissipation structure includes a pair of rotating plates, a pair of triangular blocks, and a moving rod. Each rotating plate has multiple spaced-apart blocks on its opposite sidewalls, each block being adapted to a heat dissipation groove. Each triangular block has a right-angled triangle cross-section, with one right-angled sidewall fixedly mounted to the sidewall of the rotating plate away from the block. The inclined surface of the triangular block has a slot. The opposite sidewalls of the moving rod are all inclined surfaces, and the moving rod has a locking block on its inclined surface. The opposite inclined surfaces of the moving rod respectively abut against the inclined surfaces of the pair of triangular blocks, and the locking block engages with the slot. The moving rod is vertically and flexibly mounted on the bottom wall of the housing. The upper end of each rotating plate is hinged to the inner wall of the mounting groove, which is adapted to the rotating plate. The block is made of high-temperature resistant rubber material.

[0010] An air-cooled heat dissipation structure is placed inside the housing;

[0011] A water-cooled heat dissipation structure is placed inside the housing.

[0012] In a further technical solution, the active heat dissipation structure also includes a cam and a motor. A moving column is located at the middle of the lower end face of the moving rod. The moving rod has a rotating ball at the lower end of the moving column. The moving column is movably inserted into the bottom wall of the housing along its own axis, and the lower end of the moving column extends a predetermined distance outside the housing. The cam is rotatably mounted on the outer bottom wall of the housing. The motor is mounted on the outer bottom wall of the housing. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the cam. The side wall of the rotating ball abuts against the outer side wall of the cam.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the moving rod has a circular limiting counterweight plate at a predetermined distance above the rotating ball, the outer bottom wall of the box has a limiting groove adapted to the limiting counterweight plate, the active heat dissipation structure also includes a locking post, the moving rod has an insertion hole in the limiting counterweight plate, the outer bottom wall of the box has a slot communicating with the limiting groove, the slot has a thread of a predetermined length, one end of the locking post is inserted into the insertion hole, the locking post is inserted into the slot, and the other end of the locking post is threadedly connected to the slot.

[0014] A further technical solution is provided, wherein the air-cooled heat dissipation structure includes a fan and an air expansion plate. The fan is fixedly installed on the top wall of the housing, and the air expansion plate is fixedly installed inside the housing. The air expansion plate is configured as a frustum shape, and the air outlet of the fan is connected to the upper port with a smaller cross-sectional diameter of the air expansion plate, while the lower port with a larger cross-sectional diameter of the air expansion plate faces the gear of the gear shaft.

[0015] In a further technical solution, the main body of the device also includes a sealing frame, which is fixedly installed inside the housing, and the gear of the gear shaft is placed inside the sealing frame. The sealing frame is made of heat-dissipating metal material, and the lower port of the air expansion plate faces the top wall of the sealing frame.

[0016] In a further technical solution, the water-cooled heat dissipation structure includes a copper pipe and a cooling water tank. The copper pipe is connected to the cooling water tank, and a pump body is connected between the copper pipe and the cooling water tank. The copper pipe is coiled and installed on the inner wall of the sealing frame, and the cooling water tank is installed on the outside of the tank.

[0017] In a further technical solution, the water-cooled heat dissipation structure also includes two sets of heat dissipation fins, each set of heat dissipation fins having multiple fins, and the multiple heat dissipation fins in each set being spaced apart and installed on the outer wall of the sealing frame, with the heat dissipation fins positioned directly below the lower port of the air expansion plate.

[0018] In a further technical solution, the main body of the device also includes a dust cover, which is detachably installed on the outer side wall of the housing near the output shaft of the gear shaft. The output shaft of the gear shaft extends a predetermined distance beyond the dust cover. The lower end of the dust cover has a dust collection port, and an external dust collection device is connected to the dust collection port through a pipe.

[0019] In a further technical solution, the opposite sidewalls of the dust cover are bolted to the housing, the upper end of the dust cover has a mounting plate, the cross-section of the mounting plate is L-shaped, the outer top wall of the housing has a snap-fit ​​groove, the mounting plate snaps into the snap-fit ​​groove and is fixed to each other by bolts.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] This invention features an active heat dissipation structure comprising a pair of rotating plates, a pair of triangular blocks, and a movable rod. Each rotating plate has a blocking block, and the triangular blocks are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating plate. The inclined surface of the triangular blocks has a groove, and the movable rod has a locking block on its inclined surface. The locking block engages with the groove, and the movable rod is vertically adjustable to the bottom wall of the housing. When the active heat dissipation structure is idle, the movable rod is in its initial position, causing the rotating plates to be in a closed position. At this time, multiple blocking blocks are precisely embedded in the heat dissipation grooves, completely sealing the ventilation channels of the heat dissipation grooves and blocking the path of external dust into the housing through the heat dissipation grooves. The blocking blocks have a certain degree of elasticity and can undergo slight deformation when embedded in the heat dissipation grooves, further improving the sealing performance and maintaining a reliable dustproof sealing effect.

[0022] This invention, by incorporating a cam and a motor, features a movable rod with a movable column and a rotating ball at the lower end of the movable column. The movable column is axially movable and inserted into the bottom wall of the housing. The cam is rotatably mounted on the outer bottom wall of the housing, with the side wall of the rotating ball abutting against the outer wall of the cam. After the motor starts, it drives the cam to rotate in a circle at a constant angular velocity. The rotating ball applies an upward pushing force to the movable column. This pushing force is transmitted axially along the movable column to the movable rod, thereby driving the entire movable rod to move smoothly upward synchronously along the guide direction of the bottom wall of the housing. In this way, the rotation of the cam drives the movable rod to achieve continuous up-and-down reciprocating motion. Furthermore, through the engagement of the movable rod with the inclined surface of the triangular block, it drives the rotating plate to swing back and forth, completing the opening and closing action of the block on the heat dissipation slot, thus achieving active heat dissipation.

[0023] This invention comprises a copper pipe and a cooling water tank. The copper pipe is connected to the cooling water tank via a pipe, and a pump body connects the copper pipe and the cooling water tank. The copper pipe is coiled and installed on the inner wall of a sealing frame, while the cooling water tank is installed on the outside of the frame. The pump body drives the coolant in the cooling water tank to enter the copper pipe coiled on the inner wall of the sealing frame via a pipe. Because the copper pipe is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the sealing frame, the heat from the inner wall of the sealing frame is quickly transferred to the coolant in the copper pipe, causing the coolant temperature to rise. The heated coolant then flows back to the cooling water tank via a pipe, and after initial cooling, it is pumped back to the copper pipe by the pump body, forming a continuous water-cooling circulation that absorbs heat and continuously removes the core heat inside the sealing frame.

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial exploded view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a partial exploded view of the active heat dissipation structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a partial exploded view of the main body of the device of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Main body of the device; 11. Box; 111. Heat dissipation groove; 112. Mounting groove; 113. Limiting groove; 114. Slot; 115. Snap-fit ​​groove; 12. Gear shaft; 13. Drive component; 14. Sealing frame; 15. Dust cover; 151. Dust collection port; 152. Mounting plate; 2. Active heat dissipation structure; 21. Rotating plate; 211. Block; 22. Triangular block; 221. Slot; 23. Moving rod; 231. Locking block; 232. Moving column; 233. Rotating ball; 234. Limiting counterweight plate; 235. Insertion hole; 24. Cam; 25. Motor; 26. Locking column; 3. Air-cooled heat dissipation structure; 31. Fan; 32. Air expansion plate; 4. Water-cooled heat dissipation structure; 41. Copper pipe; 42. Cooling water tank; 43. Heat dissipation fins. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0032] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill, comprising:

[0034] The main body of the device 1 includes a housing 11, multiple gear shafts 12, and a drive component 13. The gears of the multiple gear shafts 12 mesh with each other. One end of the gear shaft 12 is mounted inside the housing 11 by a bearing, and the other end of the gear shaft 12 extends out of the housing 11 by a predetermined distance. The drive component 13 is mounted outside the housing 11, and the output shaft of the drive component 13 is connected to one of the gear shafts 12. Multiple heat dissipation grooves 111 are provided at intervals on the opposite side walls of the housing 11, and mounting grooves 112 are provided on the opposite side walls of the inner wall of the housing 11.

[0035] Active heat dissipation structure 2 includes a pair of rotating plates 21, a pair of triangular blocks 22, and a moving rod 23. Each rotating plate 21 has multiple spaced-apart blocks 211 on its opposite sidewall. Each block 211 is adapted to each heat dissipation groove 111. The cross-section of each triangular block 22 is set as a right triangle. One right-angled sidewall of the triangular block 22 is fixedly installed on the sidewall of the rotating plate 21 away from the block 211. The inclined surface of the triangular block 22 has a slot 221. The opposite sidewalls of the moving rod 23 are all set as inclined surfaces, and the moving rod 23 has a locking block 231 on its inclined surface. The opposite inclined surfaces of the moving rod 23 are respectively attached to the inclined surfaces of the pair of triangular blocks 22. The locking block 231 is engaged with the slot 221. The moving rod 23 is movably and vertically mounted on the bottom wall of the housing 11. The upper end of each rotating plate 21 is hinged to the inner wall of the mounting groove 112. The mounting groove 112 is adapted to the rotating plate 21. The block 211 is made of high-temperature resistant rubber material.

[0036] Air-cooled heat dissipation structure 3 is placed inside the cabinet 11;

[0037] Water-cooled heat dissipation structure 4 is placed inside the cabinet 11.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the active heat dissipation structure 2 is idle, the moving rod 23 is in its initial position, and its inclined surface is in contact with the inclined surface of the triangular block 22, driving the rotating plate 21 to the closed position. At this time, multiple blocking blocks 211 will be precisely embedded in the heat dissipation groove 111, completely blocking the ventilation channel of the heat dissipation groove 111, blocking the path of external dust to enter the interior of the box 11 through the heat dissipation groove 111, and preventing gaps from causing dust to seep in. The blocking blocks 211 are made of high-temperature resistant rubber material, which has a certain elasticity and can undergo slight deformation when embedded in the heat dissipation groove 111, further improving the sealing performance. At the same time, it can adapt to the slight vibration of the box 11 during operation and maintain a long-term stable dustproof effect. The upper end of the rotating plate 21 is hinged in the mounting groove 112, and the mounting groove 112 is adapted to the rotating plate 21, which can precisely limit the position of the rotating plate 21, ensuring that the rotating plate 21 will not shift in the idle state, ensuring that the blocking blocks 211 are always aligned with the heat dissipation groove 111, and maintaining a reliable dustproof sealing effect.

[0039] Specifically, the active heat dissipation structure 2 also includes a cam 24 and a motor 25. The middle position of the lower end face of the moving rod 23 has a moving column 232. The moving rod 23 has a rotating ball 233 at the lower end of the moving column 232. The moving column 232 can be movably inserted into the bottom wall of the box 11 along its own axis, and the lower end of the moving column 232 extends out of the box 11 by a predetermined distance. The cam 24 is rotatably mounted on the outer bottom wall of the box 11. The motor 25 is mounted on the outer bottom wall of the box 11. The output shaft of the motor 25 is connected to the cam 24. The side wall of the rotating ball 233 abuts against the outer side wall of the cam 24.

[0040] In this embodiment, after the motor 25 starts, it drives the cam 24 to rotate in a circle at a constant angular velocity. When the curve segment of the cam 24 with gradually increasing radial direction contacts the rotating ball 233, as the cam 24 rotates, the cam 24 will apply an upward pushing force to the moving column 232 through the rotating ball 233. This pushing force is transmitted to the moving rod 23 along the axial direction of the moving column 232, thereby driving the entire moving rod 23 to move smoothly upward synchronously along the guide direction of the bottom wall of the housing 11 until the rotating ball 233 contacts the maximum radial direction profile of the cam 24, and the moving rod 23 reaches the highest point of its upward stroke. When the cam 24 rotates past the far rest section, and its curve segment with gradually decreasing radial direction contacts the rotating ball 233, the cam 24 rotates against the rotating ball 233. The upward support force of ball 233 gradually weakens; under the action of their own gravity, moving rod 23 and moving column 232 drive the rotating ball 233 to always keep close to the contour surface of cam 24; as cam 24 rotates, the rotating ball 233 gradually moves down along the curve segment with decreasing radial direction, thereby pulling moving rod 23 to move down synchronously until the rotating ball 233 contacts the minimum radial direction contour of cam 24, and moving rod 23 returns to the initial lowest position; in this way, the rotation of cam 24 drives moving rod 23 to achieve continuous up and down reciprocating motion, and then through the cooperation of moving rod 23 with the inclined surface of triangular block 22, drives rotating plate 21 to swing back and forth, completing the opening and closing action of block 211 on heat dissipation groove 111, realizing active heat dissipation function;

[0041] Specifically, the moving rod 23 has a circular limiting counterweight plate 234 at a predetermined distance above the rotating ball 233, the outer bottom wall of the box 11 has a limiting groove 113 adapted to the limiting counterweight plate 234, the active heat dissipation structure 2 also includes a locking post 26, the moving rod 23 has an insertion hole 235 in the limiting counterweight plate 234, the outer bottom wall of the box 11 has a slot 114 connected to the limiting groove 113, the slot 114 has a thread of a predetermined length, one end of the locking post 26 is inserted into the insertion hole 235, the locking post 26 is inserted into the slot 114, and the other end of the locking post 26 is threadedly connected to the slot 114;

[0042] In this embodiment, when the limiting counterweight plate 234 is fully placed in the limiting groove 113, the moving rod 23 is also in a preset fixed position; at this time, the insertion hole 235 on the limiting counterweight plate 234 will be coaxially aligned with the slot 114 connected to the limiting groove 113; hold the locking pin 26 and insert it with one end having the insertion end aligned with the insertion hole 235 on the limiting counterweight plate 234; continue to push the locking pin 26 so that it passes through the insertion hole 235 and continues to go deeper; when the other end of the locking pin 26 touches the threaded part inside the slot 114 When the area is reached, start rotating the locking pin 26; since the other end of the locking pin 26 matches the thread of the slot 114, as the rotation operation is performed, the locking pin 26 will gradually screw into the thread of the slot 114; stop when the insertion end of the locking pin 26 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the insertion hole 235, and the pin body and the thread of the slot 114 are fully engaged and there is no looseness; at this time, the limiting counterweight plate 234 is firmly pressed into the limiting groove 113 by the locking pin 26, thereby realizing the stable fixation of the moving rod 23 and preventing it from shifting or shaking during operation;

[0043] Specifically, the air-cooled heat dissipation structure 3 includes a fan 31 and an air expansion plate 32. The fan 31 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the housing 11, and the air expansion plate 32 is fixedly installed inside the housing 11. The air expansion plate 32 is set in the shape of a frustum, and the air outlet of the fan 31 is connected to the upper port with a smaller cross-sectional diameter of the air expansion plate 32. The lower port with a larger cross-sectional diameter of the air expansion plate 32 faces the gear of the gear shaft 12.

[0044] In this embodiment, after the fan 31 is powered on and started, it draws low-temperature air from outside the housing 11 and delivers the air at a certain pressure from the air outlet to the upper port of the frustum-shaped diffuser plate 32. The frustum structure of the diffuser plate 32 plays a role in guiding and diffusing airflow. As the air passes through the diffuser plate 32, the flow cross-section increases, the airflow velocity decreases uniformly, and the diffusion range gradually expands, avoiding excessively high local wind speeds or concentrated airflow impact. The low-temperature airflow diffused by the diffuser plate 32 forms a large-area, uniform airflow surface that blows directly onto the gear surface, engaging in forced convection heat exchange with the high-temperature gear. The airflow absorbs the heat generated when the gear is working, and its own temperature rises, thereby rapidly reducing the surface temperature of the gear. The heated airflow diffuses inside the housing 11. Combined with the opening and closing action of the heat dissipation slots 111, the heated airflow can be discharged from outside the housing 11 in a timely manner through the opened heat dissipation slots 111. At the same time, the fan 31 continuously draws in external low-temperature air, forming a continuous circulation, constantly carrying away the heat generated by the gear transmission inside the housing 11, achieving efficient air cooling for the equipment.

[0045] Specifically, the main body 1 of the device also includes a sealing frame 14, which is fixedly installed inside the housing 11, and the gear of the gear shaft 12 is placed inside the sealing frame 14. The sealing frame 14 is made of heat dissipation metal material, and the lower port of the air expansion plate 32 faces the top wall of the sealing frame 14.

[0046] In this embodiment, the gear of the gear shaft 12 generates frictional heat when it is running. Since the gear is enclosed in the heat-dissipating metal sealing frame 14, the metal sealing frame 14 will quickly and evenly absorb the heat generated by the gear. The heat is transferred to the inner and outer walls of the sealing frame 14 at the same time, providing a conductive carrier for subsequent heat dissipation.

[0047] Specifically, the water-cooled heat dissipation structure 4 includes a copper pipe 41 and a cooling water tank 42. The copper pipe 41 is connected to the cooling water tank 42, and a pump body is connected between the copper pipe 41 and the cooling water tank 42. The copper pipe 41 is coiled and installed on the inner wall of the sealing frame 14, and the cooling water tank 42 is installed on the outside of the box 11.

[0048] In this embodiment, the pump drives the coolant in the cooling water tank 42 to enter the copper pipe 41 coiled on the inner wall of the sealing frame 14. Since the copper pipe 41 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the sealing frame 14, the heat of the inner wall of the sealing frame 14 will be quickly transferred to the coolant in the copper pipe 41, causing the coolant temperature to rise. The heated coolant will flow back to the cooling water tank 42 along the pipe, and after completing the initial cooling, it will be pumped back to the copper pipe 41 by the pump to form a continuous water cooling cycle to absorb heat and continuously remove the core heat inside the sealing frame 14.

[0049] Specifically, the water-cooled heat dissipation structure 4 also includes two sets of heat dissipation fins 43. Each set of heat dissipation fins 43 is provided with multiple fins. The multiple heat dissipation fins 43 of each set are installed at intervals on the outer wall of the sealing frame 14. The heat dissipation fins 43 are located directly below the lower port of the air expansion plate 32.

[0050] In this embodiment, the heat from the outer wall of the sealing frame 14 that is not covered by the copper pipe 41 is transferred to the two sets of heat dissipation fins 43 that are spaced apart on its outer wall. The multi-layered design of the heat dissipation fins 43 greatly increases the contact area with the air, which can quickly conduct the heat from the outer wall of the sealing frame 14 to the surface of the heat dissipation fins 43, preventing heat from accumulating on the sealing frame 14. The lower port of the air diffuser 32 faces the top wall of the sealing frame 14, and the airflow it delivers blows directly onto the top wall of the sealing frame 14 and covers the surface of the heat dissipation fins 43 located directly below the air diffuser 32. When the airflow flows through the heat dissipation fins 43, it quickly carries away the heat from the surface of the heat dissipation fins 43, accelerating the dissipation of heat to the outside air. At the same time, the airflow blowing on the top wall of the sealing frame 14 can also help reduce the surface temperature of the sealing frame 14, further improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency.

[0051] Specifically, the main body 1 of the device also includes a dust cover 15, which is detachably installed on the outer side wall of the housing 11 near the output shaft of the gear shaft 12. The output shaft of the gear shaft 12 extends out of the dust cover 15 by a predetermined distance. The lower end of the dust cover 15 has a dust collection port 151, and an external dust collection device is connected to the dust collection port 151 through a pipe.

[0052] In this embodiment, the dust cover 15 is detachably installed on the outer wall of the housing 11 near the output shaft of the gear shaft 12, covering and sealing the output shaft of the gear shaft 12 and the connection between the shaft and the housing 11. Dust, debris, and other impurities in the external environment are blocked by the housing of the dust cover 15, preventing them from directly contacting the surface of the output shaft or entering the gap between the housing 11 and the output shaft. This avoids dust adhering to the output shaft and affecting its rotational accuracy, while also preventing dust from entering the interior of the housing 11 and contaminating the gear transmission structure. During the operation of the gear shaft 12, if a small amount of dust seeps in from the gap between the dust cover 15 and the output shaft, or if fine wear debris is generated inside the dust cover 15, The dust will settle downwards under the influence of gravity. A dust collection port 151 is provided at the lower end of the dust cover 15. The settled dust will naturally gather near the dust collection port 151, preventing the dust from spreading around inside the dust cover 15 and re-adhering to the output shaft. An external vacuum cleaner is connected to the dust collection port 151 through a pipe. After the vacuum cleaner is started, it will create a negative pressure environment inside the dust cover 15. The dust gathered near the dust collection port 151 will be sucked into the pipe by the negative pressure airflow and finally collected and discharged by the vacuum cleaner. Through active vacuuming, the accumulated dust inside the dust cover 15 can be removed in time, maintaining the cleanliness of the inside of the dust cover 15 and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the output shaft.

[0053] Specifically, the opposite sidewalls of the dust cover 15 are bolted to the housing 11. The upper end of the dust cover 15 has a mounting plate 152 with an L-shaped cross-section. The outer top wall of the housing 11 has a snap-fit ​​groove 115. The mounting plate 152 is snapped into the snap-fit ​​groove 115 and fixed to each other by bolts.

[0054] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to disassemble the dust cover 15, the worker first uses a wrench or screwdriver to unscrew the fixing bolts connecting the opposite side walls of the dust cover 15 to the housing 11 in sequence; then unscrew the fixing bolts at the locking groove 115 on the outer top wall of the housing 11 to complete the release of all rigid connections; after disengaging from the locking relationship, grasp the two side walls of the dust cover 15 and pull upwards to move the L-shaped mounting plate 152 along the groove direction of the locking groove 115 until the mounting plate 152 is completely free from the constraint of the locking groove 115; at this time, there is no longer any connection constraint between the dust cover 15 and the housing 11.

[0055] The working principle of this invention is:

[0056] When the moving rod 23 is raised or lowered, it drives the rotating plate 21 to rotate around the hinge point of the mounting groove 112 through the contact transmission between the inclined surface and the inclined surface of the triangular block 22. When the gearbox generates less heat during operation, the rotating plate 21 drives the blocking block 211 to seal the heat dissipation groove 111, reducing air convection inside and outside the gearbox 11 and preventing the oil temperature inside the gearbox 11 from being too low and affecting the lubrication effect. When the gearbox is running at high speed and the internal temperature rises, the rotating plate 21 rotates in the opposite direction, the blocking block 211 disengages from the heat dissipation groove 111, opens the heat dissipation channel, and allows the hot air inside the gearbox 11 to be directly discharged through the heat dissipation groove 111, achieving natural ventilation and heat dissipation. At the same time, the blocking block 211 is made of high-temperature resistant rubber, which can prevent deformation and failure under high temperature and ensure the reliability of the opening and closing of the heat dissipation groove 111.

[0057] After the air-cooled heat dissipation structure 3 is started, the fan 31 delivers external cold air to the air expansion plate 32. The frustum-shaped air expansion plate 32 will evenly diffuse the airflow, so that the cold air covers the gear meshing area of ​​the gear shaft 12 or the outside of the sealing frame 14, directly carrying away the heat generated by the gear meshing friction, and at the same time accelerating the discharge of hot air inside the housing 11 from the heat dissipation slot 111, thus improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0058] The water-cooled heat dissipation structure 4 uses a pump to drive the coolant in the cooling water tank 42 to circulate in the copper pipe 41. The copper pipe 41, which is coiled and installed on the inner wall of the sealing frame 14, can directly absorb the heat generated by the operation of the gears in the sealing frame 14 and transfer the heat to the coolant. After the coolant flows back to the cooling water tank 42, it completes the cooling and achieves continuous heat dissipation. In addition, the heat dissipation fins 43 on the outside of the sealing frame 14 can increase the heat dissipation area and, together with the air cooling airflow, further remove the heat from the sealing frame 14 and the copper pipe 41, thereby enhancing the synergistic heat dissipation effect of water cooling and air cooling.

[0059] In this way, the three heat dissipation structures work together to dynamically adjust the heat dissipation intensity according to the gearbox operating conditions, ensuring rapid heat dissipation under high temperature conditions and maintaining stable oil temperature inside the housing 11 under low temperature conditions.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill, characterized in that, include: The device body (1) includes a housing (11), multiple gear shafts (12) and a drive unit (13). The gears of the multiple gear shafts (12) mesh with each other. One end of the gear shaft (12) is installed inside the housing (11) by a bearing, and the other end of the gear shaft (12) extends out of the housing (11) by a predetermined distance. The drive unit (13) is installed outside the housing (11), and the output shaft of the drive unit (13) is connected to one of the gear shafts (12). Multiple heat dissipation grooves (111) are provided at intervals on the opposite side walls of the housing (11), and mounting grooves (112) are provided on the opposite sides of the inner wall of the housing (11). An active heat dissipation structure (2) includes a pair of rotating plates (21), a pair of triangular blocks (22), and a moving rod (23). Each rotating plate (21) has multiple spaced-apart blocks (211) on its opposite sidewalls. Each block (211) is adapted to each heat dissipation groove (111). The cross-section of each triangular block (22) is set as a right triangle. One right-angled sidewall of the triangular block (22) is fixedly installed on the sidewall of the rotating plate (21) away from the block (211). The inclined surface of the triangular block (22) has a slot (221). The opposite sidewalls of the moving rod (23) are all set as inclined surfaces, and the moving rod (23) has a locking block (231) on the inclined surface. The opposite inclined surfaces of the moving rod (23) are respectively attached to the inclined surfaces of a pair of triangular blocks (22). The locking block (231) is locked in the locking groove (221). The moving rod (23) is vertically and vertically set on the bottom wall of the box 11. The upper end of each rotating plate (21) is hinged to the inner wall of the mounting groove (112). The mounting groove (112) is adapted to the rotating plate (21). The blocking block (211) is made of high temperature resistant rubber material. Air-cooled heat dissipation structure (3), wherein the air-cooled heat dissipation structure (3) is placed inside the housing (11); Water-cooled heat dissipation structure (4) is placed inside the box (11).

2. The gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active heat dissipation structure (2) also includes a cam (24) and a motor (25). The middle position of the lower end face of the moving rod (23) has a moving column (232). The moving rod (23) has a rotating ball (233) at the lower end of the moving column (232). The moving column (232) can be inserted into the bottom wall of the box (11) along its own axis, and the lower end of the moving column (232) extends a predetermined distance outside the box (11). The cam (24) is rotatably installed on the outer bottom wall of the box (11). The motor (25) is installed on the outer bottom wall of the box (11). The output shaft of the motor (25) is connected to the cam (24). The side wall of the rotating ball (233) abuts against the outer side wall of the cam (24).

3. The gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving rod (23) has a circular limiting counterweight plate (234) at a predetermined distance above the rotating ball (233). The outer bottom wall of the box (11) has a limiting groove (113) that matches the limiting counterweight plate (234). The active heat dissipation structure (2) also includes a locking post (26). The moving rod (23) has an insertion hole (235) on the limiting counterweight plate (234). The outer bottom wall of the box (11) has a slot (114) that communicates with the limiting groove (113). The slot (114) has a thread of a predetermined length. One end of the locking post (26) is inserted into the insertion hole (235). The locking post (26) is inserted into the slot (114). The other end of the locking post (26) is threadedly connected to the slot (114).

4. The gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air-cooled heat dissipation structure (3) includes a fan (31) and an air expansion plate (32). The fan (31) is fixedly installed on the top wall of the housing (11), and the air expansion plate (32) is fixedly installed inside the housing (11). The air expansion plate (32) is set in the shape of a frustum, and the air outlet of the fan (31) is connected to the upper port with a smaller cross-sectional diameter of the air expansion plate (32). The lower port with a larger cross-sectional diameter of the air expansion plate (32) faces the gear of the gear shaft (12).

5. A gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main body (1) of the device also includes a sealing frame (14), which is fixedly installed inside the box (11), and the gear of the gear shaft (12) is placed inside the sealing frame (14). The sealing frame (14) is made of heat dissipation metal material, and the lower port of the air expansion plate (32) faces the top wall of the sealing frame (14).

6. A gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water-cooled heat dissipation structure (4) includes a copper pipe (41) and a cooling water tank (42). The copper pipe (41) is connected to the cooling water tank (42) and a pump body is connected between the copper pipe (41) and the cooling water tank (42). The copper pipe (41) is coiled and installed on the inner wall of the sealing frame (14), and the cooling water tank (42) is installed on the outside of the box body (11).

7. A gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water-cooled heat dissipation structure (4) also includes two sets of heat dissipation fins (43). Each set of heat dissipation fins (43) is provided with multiple fins. The multiple heat dissipation fins (43) of each set are installed at intervals on the outer wall of the sealing frame (14). The heat dissipation fins (43) are located directly below the lower port of the air expansion plate (32).

8. A gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main body (1) of the device also includes a dust cover (15), which is detachably installed on the outer side wall of the housing (11) near the output shaft of the gear shaft (12). The output shaft of the gear shaft (12) extends a predetermined distance from the dust cover (15). The lower end of the dust cover (15) has a dust collection port (151), and an external dust collection device is connected to the dust collection port (151) through a pipe.

9. A gearbox for a fine wire rolling mill according to claim 8, characterized in that: The opposite sidewalls of the dust cover (15) are bolted to the box (11). The upper end of the dust cover (15) has a mounting plate (152). The mounting plate (152) has an L-shaped cross-section. The outer top wall of the box (11) has a snap-fit ​​groove (115). The mounting plate (152) is snapped into the snap-fit ​​groove (115) and fixed to each other by bolts.

Images