Waste heat recovery equipment, control method thereof, electronic equipment, waste heat recovery system and air conditioning equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides waste heat recovery equipment, a control method of the waste heat recovery equipment, electronic equipment, a waste heat recovery system and air conditioning equipment. The waste heat recovery equipment comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, wherein the first heat exchanger is provided with a first evaporation runner and a first condensation runner; the second heat exchanger is provided with a second evaporation flow channel and a second condensation flow channel, and the first working medium sequentially flows through the first evaporation flow channel and the second evaporation flow channel; a first fluid medium discharged from a condenser of the air conditioning system flows through the first condensation flow channel, and the first fluid medium exchanges heat with a first working medium flowing through the first evaporation flow channel in the process of flowing through the first condensation flow channel; the second condensation flow channel is used for allowing a second working medium exhausted by a compressor exhaust port of the air conditioning system to flow through, and the second working medium exchanges heat with the first working medium flowing through the second evaporation flow channel in the process of flowing through the second condensation flow channel. Condensation waste heat and exhaust waste heat in the air conditioning system are recycled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of waste heat recovery technology, and in particular to a waste heat recovery device and its control method, electronic equipment, waste heat recovery system and air conditioning equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In existing air conditioning systems, the condensation process releases a large amount of heat to the outside, and the compressor exhaust also has a high temperature. This heat is not fully utilized, making it difficult to meet the current demand for green, low-carbon, and energy-efficient systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a waste heat recovery device and its control method, electronic device, waste heat recovery system, and air conditioning equipment to solve or alleviate one or more technical problems in the prior art.

[0004] As a first aspect of the present disclosure, the present disclosure provides a waste heat recovery device, including: The first heat exchanger has a first evaporation channel and a first condensation channel, wherein the first evaporation channel is used to allow the first working fluid to enter and flow through the first evaporation channel; The second heat exchanger has a second evaporation channel and a second condensation channel. The inlet of the second evaporation channel is connected to the outlet of the first evaporation channel. The second evaporation channel is used to allow the first working fluid flowing out of the first evaporation channel to enter, and after flowing through the second evaporation channel, it flows out from the outlet of the second evaporation channel. The first condensing channel is used to allow the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system to flow through. During the process of flowing through the first condensing channel, the first fluid medium exchanges heat with the first working fluid flowing through the first evaporating channel to heat the first working fluid. The second condenser channel is used for the passage of the second working fluid discharged from the compressor outlet of the air conditioning system. During the process of flowing through the second condenser channel, the second working fluid exchanges heat with the first working fluid flowing through the second evaporator channel to heat the first working fluid. The outlet of the second condenser channel is used to connect with the working fluid inlet in the condenser of the air conditioning system.

[0005] In some embodiments, the device for working fluid, a first condenser, and a working fluid pump are also included; The outlet of the second evaporation channel is connected to the inlet of the working fluid working device, the outlet of the working fluid working device is connected to the inlet of the first condenser, the outlet of the first condenser is connected to the inlet of the working fluid pump, and the outlet of the working fluid pump is connected to the inlet of the first evaporation channel. The working fluid pump is configured to pump the first working fluid discharged from the first condenser into the first evaporation channel, the working fluid working device is used to perform energy conversion driven by the first working fluid flowing out from the outlet of the second evaporation channel, and the first condenser is used to cool the first working fluid flowing through it.

[0006] In some embodiments, The second condenser channel is controlled to open when the compressor's discharge temperature is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, so that the second working fluid can flow through the second condenser channel; and / or, The first condenser channel is controlled to open when the temperature of the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system is greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, so that the first fluid medium can flow through the first condenser channel.

[0007] In some embodiments, a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve are also included; The inlet of the first solenoid valve is connected to the first fluid medium outlet of the condenser of the air conditioning system, and the outlet of the first solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the first condenser channel. The first solenoid valve is configured to open or close the first condenser channel. The inlet of the second solenoid valve is connected to the compressor exhaust port of the air conditioning system, and the outlet of the second solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the second condenser channel. The second solenoid valve is configured to open or close the second condenser channel.

[0008] In some embodiments, a first bypass valve is further provided at the inlet of the second condenser channel. The inlet of the first bypass valve is used to communicate with the compressor exhaust port, and the outlet of the first bypass valve is used to communicate with the working fluid inlet in the condenser of the air conditioning system. The first bypass valve is controlled to adjust its opening degree according to the outlet temperature of the second evaporator channel to adjust the flow rate of the second working fluid flowing through the second condenser channel.

[0009] In some embodiments, the working fluid pump is controlled to increase the frequency of the variable frequency drive when the outlet temperature of the first evaporation channel is less than or equal to a fourth preset temperature, so that the evaporation pressure of the first working fluid is within a preset pressure range.

[0010] In some embodiments, When the second condenser channel is open and the first condenser channel is closed, the flow rate of the working fluid pump remains at the first flow rate, which is less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump; or, When the first condenser channel is opened and the second condenser channel is closed, the flow rate of the working fluid pump is maintained at the second flow rate, which is less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump but greater than the first flow rate.

[0011] As a second aspect of this disclosure, this disclosure provides a control method for a waste heat recovery device, applicable to any waste heat recovery device according to any claim of this disclosure, the method comprising: In response to the exhaust temperature at the compressor outlet of the air conditioning system being greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, the second condenser channel is controlled to open, allowing the second working fluid discharged from the compressor outlet to flow through the second condenser channel; and / or, In response to the temperature of the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system being greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, the first condenser channel is controlled to open so that the first fluid medium can flow through the first condenser channel.

[0012] In some embodiments, before controlling the opening of the second condenser channel and / or the first condenser channel, the method further includes: The working fluid pump in the control equipment starts at a preset flow rate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method further includes: After the working time of the working fluid pump reaches the first preset time, the opening degree of the second bypass valve configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump is adjusted to the preset opening degree to increase the flow rate of the working fluid pump.

[0014] In some embodiments, the method further includes: In response to the outlet temperature of the second evaporator channel being greater than or equal to a third preset temperature, the opening of the first bypass valve is increased; the first bypass valve is located at the inlet of the second condenser channel; and / or, In response to the outlet temperature of the first evaporation channel being less than or equal to the fourth preset temperature, the frequency of the working fluid pump is increased so that the evaporation pressure of the first working fluid is within the preset pressure range.

[0015] In some embodiments, When the second condensing flow channel is open and the first condensing flow channel is closed, adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump to a preset opening includes: adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump to a first target opening, such that the flow rate of the working fluid pump is maintained at a first flow rate, the first flow rate being less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump; or, When the first condensing flow channel is opened and the second condensing flow channel is closed, adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured on the working fluid pump to a preset opening includes: adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured on the outlet of the working fluid pump to a second target opening, so that the flow rate of the working fluid pump is maintained at a second flow rate, which is less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump and greater than the first flow rate.

[0016] In some embodiments, In response to the fulfillment of the first preset condition, the second condenser channel is closed, the first bypass valve at the inlet of the second condenser channel is opened, and the flow rate of the working fluid pump is reduced. The first preset condition includes the compressor discharge pressure being greater than or equal to the first preset pressure and the outlet pressure of the second evaporator channel being greater than or equal to the second preset pressure. In response to the end of the second preset duration and the fulfillment of the second preset condition, the control device stops. The start time of the second preset duration is the time when the first preset condition is met. The second preset condition includes at least one of the following: the compressor's discharge pressure is greater than or equal to the third preset pressure, and the outlet pressure of the second evaporator channel is greater than or equal to the fourth preset pressure. The third preset pressure is less than the first preset pressure, and the fourth preset pressure is less than the second preset pressure.

[0017] In some embodiments, When the second condenser channel is open, in response to the satisfaction of the third preset condition, the second condenser channel is controlled to close and the first condenser channel is controlled to open. The third preset condition includes at least one of the following: the compressor discharge temperature is greater than or equal to the fifth preset temperature and the outlet temperature of the second evaporator channel is greater than or equal to the sixth preset temperature. In response to the compressor's exhaust temperature being less than or equal to the seventh preset temperature, the second condenser channel is controlled to open.

[0018] In some embodiments, In response to receiving an air conditioner shutdown request, the flow rate of the working fluid pump is reduced, and the first condenser flow channel and / or the second condenser flow channel are closed; In response to the end of the third preset time, the working fluid pump and working fluid working device are shut down.

[0019] As a third aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: At least one processor; and A memory that is communicatively connected to at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform any of the methods of this disclosure.

[0020] As a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, the present disclosure provides a waste heat recovery system, including any waste heat recovery device of the present disclosure, and further including a controller or electronic device of the present disclosure, the controller being used to execute any method of the present disclosure.

[0021] As a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, the present disclosure provides an air conditioning device with waste heat recovery function, including an air conditioning system, and further including any waste heat recovery device or waste heat recovery system of the present disclosure. After exchanging heat with the second working fluid in the condenser of the air conditioning system, the first fluid medium flows into the first condensation channel. The compressor exhaust port of the air conditioning system is connected to the inlet of the second condenser channel, and the outlet of the second condenser channel is connected to the working fluid inlet in the condenser of the air conditioning system, so that the second working fluid discharged from the compressor exhaust port of the air conditioning system can flow through the second condenser channel and flow out of the second condenser channel to the condenser of the air conditioning system.

[0022] The technical solution of this disclosure realizes the recovery of condensation waste heat and exhaust waste heat in the air conditioning system through the dual-source waste heat synergy of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger; furthermore, the first evaporation channel and the first condensation channel are arranged in parallel, and the two media in them only exchange heat and work independently. The second evaporation channel and the second condensation channel are arranged in parallel, and the two media in them only exchange heat and work independently. Thus, the waste heat recovery device is independent of the piping of the air conditioning system and will not interfere with the normal operation of the refrigerant circulation in the air conditioning system.

[0023] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. Further aspects, embodiments, and features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, in addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above. Attached Figure Description

[0024] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments according to this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air conditioning device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the air conditioning device in one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy flow between the air conditioning circuit and the ORC circuit in one embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of an ORC system in one embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure, and different embodiments can be combined arbitrarily without conflict. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0027] The following shortcomings exist in the operation of air conditioning systems: First, condensation preheating is wasted. In traditional air conditioning systems, the condensation process releases a large amount of heat to the outside. If air cooling is used, the condensation heat is directly discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in significant energy loss; if water cooling is used, heat dissipation is required through a cooling tower, which not only fails to recover waste heat but also increases additional energy consumption. Second, compressor exhaust waste heat is not utilized: Compressor exhaust has a high temperature and is rich in considerable sensible heat energy. However, in conventional systems, this high-grade waste heat is usually directly lost and not effectively utilized, thus limiting the improvement of system energy efficiency. Third, the functions of air conditioning systems are mainly concentrated on cooling and heating, and the lack of waste heat recovery results in low overall energy utilization, making it difficult to meet the current demands for green, low-carbon, and high-efficiency energy saving.

[0028] To fully utilize the waste heat generated during the operation of air conditioning systems, this disclosure provides a waste heat recovery device. The technical solution of this disclosure is described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air conditioning device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the air conditioning device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 The flow direction of each medium is illustrated using arrows. Figure 2 The direction of heat transfer is indicated by dashed lines. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the air conditioning equipment includes an air conditioning system 10 and a waste heat recovery system 20. The air conditioning system 10 includes components such as a compressor 11, a second condenser 12, a throttling valve 13, and a second evaporator 14. The waste heat recovery system includes waste heat recovery equipment.

[0030] The waste heat recovery equipment may include a first heat exchanger 21 and a second heat exchanger 22. The first heat exchanger 21 has a first evaporation channel and a first condensation channel. The first evaporation channel is used for the first working fluid to enter and flow through. The second heat exchanger has a second evaporation channel and a second condensation channel. The inlet of the second evaporation channel is connected to the outlet of the first evaporation channel. The second evaporation channel is used for the first working fluid, which flows out of the first evaporation channel, to enter, flow through, and then exit from the outlet of the second evaporation channel. That is, the first and second evaporation channels are connected in series. The first working fluid can enter the first evaporation channel through its inlet, flow through it, and exit from its outlet. Then, it enters the second evaporation channel through its inlet, flows through it, and exits from its outlet. Thus, the first working fluid flows sequentially through the first and second evaporation channels.

[0031] It should be noted that in this disclosure, the two media in the evaporation channel and the condensation channel exchange heat. The medium in the evaporation channel absorbs heat and its temperature rises, while the medium in the condensation channel releases heat and its temperature decreases. Therefore, the channel containing the medium that absorbs heat and whose temperature rises is called the evaporation channel, and the channel containing the medium that releases heat and whose temperature decreases is called the condensation channel. Thus, "evaporation" can be understood as a temperature increase, and "condensation" can be understood as a temperature decrease.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the second condenser 12 can also be called the condenser of an air conditioning system. The condenser of the air conditioning system can include a first flow channel and a second flow channel. The first flow channel is for the second working fluid (such as refrigerant) of the air conditioning system to flow through, and the second flow channel is for the first fluid medium to flow through. During the process of the first fluid medium flowing through the second flow channel, it exchanges heat with the second working fluid flowing through the first flow channel and absorbs the heat of the second working fluid, thus cooling the second working fluid. Therefore, the temperature of the first fluid medium discharged from the second flow channel increases. Since the heat released by the refrigerant cooling in the air conditioning system is relatively less than the heat richness of the compressor exhaust port, in this disclosure, the heat carried by the increase in the temperature of the first fluid medium can be called the low-temperature condensation heat of the air conditioning system.

[0033] The first condensing channel is used for the passage of a first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system. During its flow through the first condensing channel, the first fluid medium exchanges heat with the first working fluid flowing through the first evaporating channel, thereby heating the first working fluid. The first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system is rich in low-temperature condensation heat. When the first fluid medium flows through the first condensing channel, it exchanges heat with the first working fluid in the first evaporating channel, transferring the low-temperature condensation heat to the first working fluid, thus heating the first working fluid.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, heat exchange between A and B can be understood as either a direct heat exchange between A and B, or a heat exchange between A and C, and between C and B, meaning A and B exchange heat indirectly through an intermediate medium C. Similarly, heat exchange between a first fluid medium and a first working medium can be understood as either a direct heat exchange between the first fluid medium and the first working medium, or an indirect heat exchange between the first fluid medium and the first working medium through an intermediate medium, meaning the first fluid medium conducts heat to the intermediate medium, and the intermediate medium then conducts heat to the first working medium.

[0035] For example, when the direct heat exchange effect between the condenser channel and the evaporator channel is not ideal, water or oil can be used as an intermediate medium to transfer heat, thereby reducing interference with the main circuit of the air conditioning system and improving heat transfer stability.

[0036] In this embodiment, a first fluid medium carrying the low-temperature condensation heat of the air conditioner flows into the first condensation channel. During its flow through the first condensation channel, the first fluid medium exchanges heat with the first working fluid flowing through the first evaporation channel, transferring the low-temperature condensation heat to the first working fluid, thus heating the first working fluid for the first time. It should be noted that... Figure 1 The diagram shows the circulation path of the first fluid medium when water is the first fluid medium. Figure 1 The condenser of the air conditioning system in this example uses water cooling. If the condenser of the air conditioning system uses air cooling, the heat-absorbing airflow can be directly sent into the first condenser channel of the first heat exchanger, and the airflow can be directly discharged into the atmosphere after passing through the first condenser channel. Alternatively, when the condenser of the air conditioning system uses air cooling, the heat-absorbing airflow can be used to heat the intermediate medium, and then the intermediate medium can be sent into the first condenser channel as the first fluid medium.

[0037] The second condensing channel is used for the flow of the second working refrigerant discharged from the compressor outlet of the air conditioning system. During its flow through the second condensing channel, the second working refrigerant exchanges heat with the first working refrigerant flowing through the second evaporating channel, thus heating the first working refrigerant. In other words, the second working refrigerant discharged from the compressor outlet enters the second condensing channel through its inlet and exchanges heat with the first working refrigerant flowing through the second evaporating channel. The outlet of the second condensing channel connects to the working refrigerant inlet in the condenser of the air conditioning system, allowing the second working refrigerant flowing from the second condensing channel to flow into the first channel of the condenser, enabling the air conditioning system to operate normally.

[0038] It is understandable that the second working fluid discharged from the compressor outlet typically has a high temperature and is rich in sensible heat energy. Since the temperature of the second working fluid discharged from the compressor outlet is usually high, the heat carried by this second working fluid can be called high-temperature exhaust heat. This high-temperature second working fluid discharged from the compressor outlet can then enter the second condenser channel. During its flow through the second condenser channel, the second working fluid can exchange heat with the first working fluid flowing through the second evaporator channel, transferring the high-temperature exhaust heat to the first working fluid, thus reheating the first working fluid.

[0039] After being heated, the first working fluid flows out of the outlet of the second evaporation channel and can be used to perform external work, thus realizing the reuse of waste heat.

[0040] refer to Figure 2The first working fluid flows sequentially through the first evaporation channel and the second evaporation channel. When the first working fluid flows through the first evaporation channel, it can have a first heat exchange with the first fluid medium flowing through the first condensation channel and be heated for the first time, thus realizing the recovery of low-temperature condensation heat in the air conditioning system. The first working fluid flowing out of the first evaporation channel continues to flow through the second evaporation channel and has a second heat exchange with the high-temperature second working fluid flowing through the second condensation channel, thus being heated for the second time, thus realizing the recovery of high-temperature exhaust heat in the air conditioning system.

[0041] It is understandable that the first condensation channel can have two operating states: closed and open. When the first condensation channel is open, the first fluid medium is allowed to flow through; when the first condensation channel is closed, the first fluid medium cannot enter the first condensation channel. The second condensation channel can also have two operating states: closed and open. When the second condensation channel is open, the second working medium is allowed to flow through; when the second condensation channel is closed, the second working medium cannot enter the second condensation channel.

[0042] When both the first and second condensing channels are open, the first working fluid is heated for the first time in the first heat exchanger and then heated for the second time in the second heat exchanger. When the first condensing channel is open and the second condensing channel is closed, the first working fluid is heated only in the first heat exchanger; when the second condensing channel is open and the first condensing channel is closed, the first working fluid is heated only in the second heat exchanger.

[0043] As mentioned earlier, in air-cooled mode, the condensation heat of the air conditioner is directly discharged into the atmosphere, while in water-cooled mode, additional energy consumption of the cooling tower is required for heat dissipation. Neither of these methods recovers the condensation waste heat, resulting in energy loss. A large amount of sensible heat (high-grade heat) contained in the compressor exhaust is directly dissipated and cannot be converted into usable energy, thus limiting the improvement of system energy efficiency.

[0044] The technical solution disclosed herein, by setting up a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, allows the first working fluid to exchange heat with the first fluid medium flowing through the first evaporation channel in the first heat exchanger, thereby recovering the low-temperature condensation heat in the air conditioning system. Similarly, when the first working fluid flows through the second evaporation channel in the second heat exchanger, it exchanges heat with the second working fluid flowing through the second condensation channel, thereby recovering the high-temperature exhaust waste heat from the compressor. Thus, the waste heat recovery device of this disclosure, through the synergistic effect of dual-source waste heat from the first and second heat exchangers, achieves the recovery of both condensation waste heat and exhaust waste heat in the air conditioning system. Furthermore, the first evaporation channel and the first condensation channel are arranged in parallel, with the two media in each channel only exchanging heat and operating independently. Likewise, the second evaporation channel and the second condensation channel are arranged in parallel, with the two media in each channel only exchanging heat and operating independently. Therefore, this waste heat recovery device is independent of the piping of the air conditioning system and will not interfere with the normal operation of the refrigerant circulation in the air conditioning system.

[0045] Furthermore, with both the first condensing channel of the first heat exchanger and the second condensing channel of the second heat exchanger open, the first working fluid is initially heated by the first fluid medium flowing through the first evaporating channel in the first heat exchanger, achieving low-temperature preheating. Then, as it flows through the second evaporating channel in the second heat exchanger, it is heated a second time by the second working fluid flowing through the second condensing channel, achieving high-temperature heating. This staged heating process of "low-temperature preheating followed by high-temperature heating" ensures complete vaporization of the low-boiling-point first working fluid, significantly improving thermal energy utilization. The first working fluid exiting the second evaporating channel can be used for external work, enabling waste heat recovery and reuse, meeting current demands for green, low-carbon, and energy-efficient practices.

[0046] In one embodiment, the air conditioning system uses a water-cooled condenser, so that the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system is water. In another embodiment, the air conditioning system can use an air-cooled condenser, and waste heat recovery can be achieved indirectly by setting up an "air-cooled heat exchange - water circuit - waste heat recovery heat exchange" system, avoiding excessive modification to the air-cooled structure, so that the waste heat recovery system can be adapted to various types of air conditioning systems.

[0047] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the waste heat recovery equipment may also include a working fluid working device 23, a first condenser 24, and a working fluid pump 25.

[0048] The outlet of the second evaporation channel is connected to the inlet of the working fluid working device 23, the outlet of the working fluid working device 23 is connected to the inlet of the first condenser 24, the outlet of the first condenser 24 is connected to the inlet of the working fluid pump 25, and the outlet of the working fluid pump 25 is connected to the inlet of the first evaporation channel.

[0049] The working fluid pump is configured to pump the first working fluid discharged from the first condenser into the first evaporation channel.

[0050] The working fluid power-converting device is used to perform energy conversion driven by a first working fluid flowing out from the outlet of the second evaporation channel. The working fluid power-converting device may include at least one of an expander and a turbine.

[0051] The first condenser is used to cool the first working fluid flowing through it.

[0052] For example, the first working fluid may include an organic working fluid. A suitable working fluid is selected based on different heat source temperature conditions; R600a may be used under low-temperature conditions, and R245fa may be used under medium-temperature conditions. If necessary, combinations of working fluids can be explored to optimize efficiency and safety.

[0053] The waste heat recovery system of this disclosure embodiment can be called an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system, and the waste heat recovery equipment can be called an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) equipment. Figure 2 It can be seen that the refrigerant circulation loop of the organic Rankine cycle equipment and the air conditioning system are set in parallel. The refrigerant circulation loop of the organic Rankine cycle equipment and the air conditioning system are coupled and energy recovered through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, forming a joint operation of the air conditioning system and the organic Rankine cycle equipment.

[0054] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy flow between the air conditioning circuit and the ORC circuit in one embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 3 In the diagram, the solid line in the air conditioning circuit represents the flow path of the second working fluid (refrigerant) in the air conditioning system, showing the circulation direction of the second working fluid in the air conditioning circuit; the solid line in the ORC circuit represents the flow path of the first working fluid in the ORC system, showing the circulation direction of the first working fluid in the ORC system; the dashed line in the air conditioning circuit represents the energy transfer direction in the air conditioning system, indicating the process of transferring energy from the compressor exhaust waste heat and condensation waste heat to the ORC system; the dashed line in the ORC circuit represents the energy transfer direction in the ORC circuit, indicating the process of the first working fluid in the ORC system absorbing heat and outputting work through the expander / turbine.

[0055] The air conditioning equipment disclosed herein first determines the installation area of ​​the ORC system inside the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, and then sequentially fixes the working fluid pump, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the expander, and the first condenser in designated positions. Specifically, the compressor exhaust pipe is connected to the second condensing channel in the second heat exchanger, and the air conditioning condenser cooling circuit is connected to the first condensing channel in the first heat exchanger. The heat from these two heat exchanges enters the second evaporating channel and the first evaporating channel respectively, achieving staged heating of the first working fluid and ensuring good coupling between the two heat exchangers and the air conditioning refrigerant circulation loop.

[0056] The piping for the first working fluid uses pressure-resistant and high-temperature-resistant metal pipes or composite pipes, and is equipped with check valves, expansion valves, and safety valves to ensure unidirectional flow of the first working fluid and safe system operation. In the ORC system, temperature, pressure, flow, and level sensors are connected to the controller to ensure real-time acquisition of key parameters and normal signal transmission and control logic.

[0057] Before starting the air conditioning and ORC systems, the controller first calibrates the temperature, pressure, flow, and level sensors. The working fluid pump runs briefly to check the sealing of the first working fluid circuit and the level, prompting for replenishment if insufficient.

[0058] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3In the process of waste heat harvesting and transfer, the cooling water side of the condenser of the air conditioning system is connected to the first condensing channel of the first heat exchanger (e.g., the first condensing channel of a plate heat exchanger). The low-temperature waste heat released during the condensation process is recovered and transferred to the first working fluid in the first evaporation channel, achieving preheating or supplementary evaporation of the first working fluid. The second working fluid (e.g., high-temperature refrigerant gas) discharged from the compressor outlet first enters the second condensing channel of the second heat exchanger, transferring its abundant sensible heat to the first working fluid in the second evaporation channel, causing the first working fluid to rapidly heat up and partially vaporize. Then, the second working fluid flowing out of the second condensing channel re-enters the condenser of the air conditioning system. For example, the second heat exchanger can adopt an anti-oil-clogging design to effectively avoid the decrease in heat transfer efficiency caused by the adhesion of compressor lubricating oil. This method ensures the full utilization of condensation waste heat without affecting the normal heat exchange performance of the second condenser in the air conditioning system.

[0059] During the working fluid circulation and energy conversion process, the temperature and pressure of the first working fluid, heated by two sources (the first and second heat exchangers), are gradually increased. Upon reaching the set operating conditions, it completely vaporizes and then enters the expander to perform work, driving the generator to output electrical energy or converting it into other forms of mechanical energy. The expanded first working fluid is cooled and condensed into a liquid state by the first condenser, then pressurized and transported by the working fluid pump back into the first evaporation channel of the first heat exchanger, thus forming a closed loop. To balance heat dissipation performance and system compactness, the first condenser can be located at the exhaust end of the main cooling fan of the air conditioning system, fully utilizing ambient air as the cooling medium, which improves the condensation effect and simplifies the system structure.

[0060] The air conditioning equipment disclosed herein may include a controller, and the air conditioning equipment is equipped with a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor is used to detect the exhaust temperature T1 at the compressor discharge port, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the first fluid medium outlet temperature T2 of the condenser of the air conditioning system. Both the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are coupled to the controller.

[0061] The ORC system is equipped with a third temperature sensor and a fourth temperature sensor. The third temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature T3 at the outlet of the second evaporator channel, and the fourth temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature T4 at the outlet of the first evaporator channel. Both the third and fourth temperature sensors are coupled to the controller.

[0062] The second condenser channel is controlled to open when the compressor's discharge temperature T1 is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature T01 (T1≥T01), allowing the second working fluid to flow through it. When the temperature of the second working fluid discharged from the compressor discharge port (i.e., discharge temperature T1) satisfies T1≥T01, the opening condition of the second condenser channel is met. At this time, the controller can control the second condenser channel to open, allowing the second working fluid to flow through it and exchange energy with the first working fluid in the second evaporator channel. The first preset temperature T01 can be in the range of 75℃~85℃; for example, the first preset temperature T01 can be 75℃, 80℃, or 85℃.

[0063] For example, the ORC device may include a second solenoid valve V2, such as Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of the second solenoid valve V2 is connected to the compressor discharge port of the air conditioning system, and the outlet of the second solenoid valve V2 is connected to the inlet of the second condenser channel. The second solenoid valve is configured to open or close the second condenser channel. For example, when it is necessary to open the second condenser channel, the second solenoid valve V2 is opened, allowing the second working fluid discharged from the compressor discharge port to enter the second condenser channel through the second solenoid valve V2; when it is necessary to close the second condenser channel, the second solenoid valve V2 is closed, preventing the second working fluid discharged from the compressor discharge port from entering the second condenser channel through the second solenoid valve V2.

[0064] The first condenser channel is controlled to open when the temperature T2 of the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature T02 (T2≥T02), so that the first fluid medium can flow through the first condenser channel.

[0065] For example, the ORC device may include a first solenoid valve V1, such as Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of the first solenoid valve V1 is connected to the first fluid medium outlet of the condenser of the air conditioning system, and the outlet of the first solenoid valve V1 is connected to the inlet of the first condenser channel. The first solenoid valve V1 is configured to open or close the first condenser channel. For example, when it is necessary to open the first condenser channel, the first solenoid valve V1 is opened, allowing the second fluid medium to enter the first condenser channel through the first solenoid valve V2; when it is necessary to close the first condenser channel, the first solenoid valve V2 is closed, preventing the second fluid medium from entering the first condenser channel through the first solenoid valve V2.

[0066] The ORC device may include a third solenoid valve V3. The inlet of the third solenoid valve V3 is connected to the first fluid medium outlet of the condenser of the air conditioning system, and the outlet of the third solenoid valve V3 is connected to the first fluid medium return port in the condenser of the air conditioning system. Figure 1As shown. The third solenoid valve V3 is configured to close when the first solenoid valve V1 is open, and to open when the first solenoid valve V1 is closed. When the first solenoid valve V1 is closed, the first condensate flow path is closed, and the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system flows back through the third solenoid valve V3.

[0067] The first fluid medium exchanges heat with the second working fluid in the condenser of the air conditioning system, causing the second working fluid (refrigerant) to condense. The first fluid medium absorbs the heat of condensation from the refrigerant, and its temperature rises. If the temperature T2 of the first fluid medium satisfies T2≥T02, the opening condition of the first condensing channel is met. At this time, the controller can control the opening of the first condensing channel to allow the first fluid medium to flow through it and exchange energy with the first working fluid in the first evaporating channel. The second preset temperature T02 can be in the range of 30℃~40℃; for example, the second preset temperature T02 can be 30℃, 35℃, or 40℃.

[0068] The condition T1≥T01 can be called the second opening condition, and the condition T2≥T02 can be called the first opening condition. If both the first and second opening conditions are met, the first and second condenser channels are opened; if the first opening condition is met, the first condenser channel is opened; if the second opening condition is met, the second condenser channel is opened; if neither of the two opening conditions is met, the controller will cyclically detect T1 and T2 every preset time interval (e.g., every 30 seconds).

[0069] When the second condenser channel is open and the first condenser channel is closed, the flow rate of the working fluid pump remains at the first flow rate, which is less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump. When the first condenser channel is open and the second condenser channel is closed, the flow rate of the working fluid pump remains at the second flow rate, which is less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump but greater than the first flow rate.

[0070] To ensure the safe operation of air conditioning equipment, the controller can collect real-time signals such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and liquid level within the ORC loop. For example, when the compressor discharge temperature T1 meets the condition T1≥T01, the second condenser channel is opened, and exhaust heat recovery is initiated; when the temperature T2 of the first fluid medium discharged from the air conditioning system condenser meets the condition T2≥T02, the first condenser channel is opened, and condensation heat recovery is initiated.

[0071] For example, when the initial working fluid evaporation pressure is too high, the controller can reduce the working fluid pump flow rate to avoid system overload. When the electrical load demand is low, the controller can adjust the expander inlet valve to reduce the expander's work capacity.

[0072] In one embodiment, the ORC device may include a first bypass valve PV1 disposed at the inlet of the second condenser channel, such as Figure 1 As shown. In Figure 1In this configuration, the inlet of the first bypass valve PV1 is connected to the compressor discharge port, and the inlet of the second solenoid valve V2 is also connected to the compressor discharge port. The outlet of the first bypass valve PV1 is connected to the working fluid inlet of the condenser in the air conditioning system. The first bypass valve is controlled to adjust its opening degree according to the outlet temperature of the second evaporator channel, thereby regulating the flow rate of the second working fluid flowing through the second condenser channel. The first bypass valve PV1 is connected in parallel with the second condenser channel, and the flow rate of the second working fluid entering the second condenser channel can be adjusted by regulating the opening degree of the first bypass valve PV1.

[0073] refer to Figure 1 The ORC device may further include a second bypass valve PV2 located at the outlet of the working fluid pump. The inlet of the second bypass valve PV2 is connected to the outlet of the working fluid pump, and the outlet of the second bypass valve PV2 is connected to the inlet of the working fluid pump. The second bypass valve PV2 is configured to regulate the flow rate of the first working fluid supplied by the working fluid pump to the first evaporation channel. The flow rate of the first working fluid flowing to the first evaporation channel can be regulated by adjusting the opening degree of the second bypass valve PV2.

[0074] In the ORC device, the working fluid pump is controlled to increase the frequency of the variable frequency drive when the outlet temperature of the first evaporation channel is less than or equal to the fourth preset temperature, so that the evaporation pressure of the first working fluid is within the preset pressure range.

[0075] The air conditioning equipment can also be equipped with safety protections, such as overpressure valve, overtemperature protection and low liquid level alarm functions. When these protections are triggered, the working fluid pump can be stopped immediately and the first bypass valve at the inlet of the second condensate flow channel can be opened to ensure the safe operation of the air conditioning system.

[0076] During the operation of the air conditioning equipment, the initialization phase begins. After the air conditioning system and ORC system are powered on, the controller automatically calibrates the temperature, pressure, flow sensors, and level detectors, completing the equipment self-test. During ORC system initialization, the working fluid pump can be briefly started and stopped to confirm the ORC loop sealing. If the first working fluid level is detected to be lower than the set lower limit, an alarm signal can be triggered to prompt the user to replenish the first working fluid.

[0077] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the air conditioning device includes an air conditioning system and an ORC system, and the air conditioning device may include a controller. Exemplarily, the air conditioning system and the ORC system are controlled by a single controller. In another embodiment, the ORC system includes the ORC device and a first controller according to this disclosure, and the air conditioning system includes a second controller. The first controller and the second controller are communicatively connected, thus the controller may include both the first controller and the second controller.

[0078] This disclosure also provides a control method for a waste heat recovery device, which can be applied to the waste heat recovery device of this disclosure. The control method may include: controlling the opening of a second condenser channel in response to the exhaust temperature of the compressor exhaust port in the air conditioning system being greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, so that the second working fluid discharged from the compressor exhaust port flows through the second condenser channel; and / or controlling the opening of a first condenser channel in response to the temperature of the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system being greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, so that the first fluid medium flows through the first condenser channel.

[0079] Understandably, in an air conditioning system, when the system is in cooling mode, the condenser is located outdoors. At this time, the waste heat from condensation can be recovered and utilized by the ORC system disclosed herein. Therefore, in cooling mode, both the first and second condensing channels are allowed to open. When the air conditioning system is in heating mode, the condenser is located indoors, and the condensing heat from the condenser is used to raise the room temperature. At this time, it is not necessary to recover the waste heat from condensation. Therefore, in heating mode, the first condensing channel needs to be closed, while the second condensing channel is allowed to open.

[0080] Therefore, the control method may further include: when the air conditioning system is in cooling mode, controlling the opening of the first condenser channel in response to the temperature of the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system being greater than or equal to a second preset temperature.

[0081] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of an ORC system according to an embodiment of this disclosure. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 This document details the working process of the ORC system disclosed herein.

[0082] The ORC system initializes after power-on.

[0083] After the air conditioning system starts up and runs for 3-5 minutes and enters a stable cooling / heating condition, the compressor discharge temperature T1 and the temperature of the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system T2 are collected in real time.

[0084] Determine whether the startup conditions are met.

[0085] If both the first opening condition (i.e., T2≥T02) and the second opening condition (i.e., T1≥T01) are met simultaneously, then the first condenser channel and the second condenser channel are opened; if only the first opening condition (i.e., T2≥T02) is met, then the first condenser channel is opened; if only the second opening condition (i.e., T1≥T01) is met, then the second condenser channel is opened; if neither of the two opening conditions is met, then the controller will cyclically detect T1 and T2 every preset time interval (e.g., every 30 seconds) until at least one opening condition is met.

[0086] In one embodiment, before controlling the opening of the second condensing flow channel and / or the first condensing flow channel, the method further includes: controlling the working fluid pump in the device to start at a preset flow rate. The method may also include: after the working time of the working fluid pump reaches a first preset time, adjusting the opening degree of the second bypass valve configured on the working fluid pump to a preset opening degree to increase the flow rate of the working fluid pump; and starting the preheating program of the working fluid working device.

[0087] As described above, after at least one start-up condition is met, the ORC system starts up in a preset sequence: first, the working fluid pump is controlled to start at a preset flow rate, for example, the starting flow rate of the working fluid pump can be 50% of the rated flow rate; then, according to the first start-up condition and / or the second start-up condition, the corresponding condenser channel is opened. For example, when both the first and second start-up conditions are met simultaneously, the first and second condenser channels are opened, that is, the first and second heat exchangers are started simultaneously. Therefore, this method can be called starting a dual-source heat exchanger. When only the first start-up condition or only the second start-up condition is met, the corresponding first or second condenser channel is started, that is, the first or second heat exchanger is started. Therefore, this method can be called starting a corresponding unit heat exchanger.

[0088] For example, the first preset duration can be approximately 1 minute. The operating duration of the working fluid pump can be the duration from the start-up time of the working fluid pump to the current time. After the operating duration of the working fluid pump reaches 1 minute, the opening degree of the second bypass valve PV2 configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump is adjusted relative to the preset opening degree, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the flow rate of the working fluid pump is gradually increased. The flow rate of the working fluid pump can be gradually increased to its rated flow rate.

[0089] While adjusting the working fluid pump, the expander preheating program can also be started to ensure that the temperature and pressure of the working fluid at the expander inlet rise steadily.

[0090] In one embodiment, the control method may further include: increasing the opening of a first bypass valve in response to the outlet temperature of the second evaporation channel being greater than or equal to a third preset temperature, the first bypass valve being disposed at the inlet of the second condensation channel; and / or increasing the frequency of the working fluid pump in response to the outlet temperature of the first evaporation channel being less than or equal to a fourth preset temperature, so that the evaporation pressure of the first working fluid is within a preset pressure range.

[0091] During stable operation, in the dual-source drive mode (i.e., both the first and second condenser channels are open), the outlet temperature T3 of the second evaporator channel and the outlet temperature T4 of the first evaporator channel in the ORC loop can be monitored. When the outlet temperature T3 of the second evaporator channel is greater than or equal to the third preset temperature T03 (i.e., T3 ≥ T03), the opening of the first bypass valve PV1 can be increased, i.e., the opening of the second condenser channel bypass valve can be increased. When increasing the opening of the first bypass valve, it can be gradually increased by 5% at a time. For example, the range of the third preset temperature T03 can be 110℃ to 130℃; for example, the third preset temperature T03 can be 110℃, 120℃, or 130℃.

[0092] For example, refer to Figure 1 When T3 ≥ 120℃, increase the opening of the bypass valve of the exhaust waste heat exchanger (i.e., the first bypass valve PV1) by 5% each time. T3 ≥ 120℃ indicates excessive high-temperature waste heat from the compressor exhaust, leading to excessively high heating intensity of the first working fluid (also called the ORC working fluid), which can easily cause overheating and abnormally high evaporation pressure. Increasing the opening of the first bypass valve can divert some of the compressor exhaust, reducing the heat input to the second condensing channel, thereby reducing the heating rate of the first working fluid, preventing overheating and overpressure, and maintaining stable system operation.

[0093] When the outlet temperature T4 of the first evaporation channel is less than or equal to the fourth preset temperature T04 (i.e., T4 ≤ T04), the frequency of the working fluid pump can be increased to ensure that the evaporation pressure of the first working fluid is within the preset pressure range. The frequency increase of the working fluid pump can be, for example, 0.5 Hz. The range of the fourth preset temperature T04 can be 50℃ to 70℃; for example, the fourth preset temperature T04 can be 50℃, 60℃, or 70℃. The preset pressure range can be 1.8 MPa to 2.2 MPa.

[0094] For example, when T4 ≤ 60℃, the frequency of the working fluid pump can be increased (by 0.5Hz) to maintain the working fluid evaporation pressure within the range of 1.8MPa-2.2MPa. When T4 ≤ 60℃, it indicates insufficient heat provided by the condensation waste heat, and the preheating effect of the first working fluid (also called the ORC working fluid) in the low-temperature section is not as expected. If the original flow rate is maintained, the evaporation degree of the ORC working fluid before entering the expander may be insufficient, leading to a decrease in the expander's working efficiency. Increasing the frequency of the working fluid pump can increase the ORC working fluid circulation flow rate, allowing more ORC working fluid to participate in the condensation waste heat exchange, fully absorbing the low-temperature waste heat, supplementing the preheating heat of the ORC working fluid, and ensuring that the ORC working fluid reaches the set evaporation parameters (temperature, pressure) at the outlet of the first evaporation channel, thus maintaining circulation efficiency.

[0095] In one embodiment, when the second condensing flow channel is open and the first condensing flow channel is closed, adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump to a preset opening includes: adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump to a first target opening, such that the flow rate of the working fluid pump is maintained at a first flow rate, which is less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump. For example, the first flow rate can be 65% to 75% of the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump.

[0096] In another embodiment, when the first condensing flow channel is open and the second condensing flow channel is closed, adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump to a preset opening includes: adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump to a second target opening, such that the flow rate of the working fluid pump is maintained at a second flow rate, which is less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump and greater than the first flow rate. For example, the second flow rate is 75% to 85% of the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump.

[0097] For example, in a single-source drive mode, if only exhaust waste heat is used (i.e., only the second condenser channel is open), the working fluid pump flow rate can be maintained at 70% of its rated value. The exhaust waste heat temperature is relatively high, so in order to prevent the ORC working fluid temperature from becoming too high, the working fluid pump flow rate can be reduced to decrease the heat exchange of the ORC working fluid.

[0098] If relying solely on condensation waste heat (i.e., only opening the first condensation channel), the working fluid pump flow rate can be increased to 80% of its rated value, while also reducing the upper limit of the expander's output power. Since the condensation waste heat temperature is low, to allow more ORC working fluid to participate in the condensation waste heat exchange, fully absorb the low-temperature waste heat, replenish the ORC working fluid's preheating heat, and ensure that the ORC working fluid reaches the set evaporation parameters (temperature, pressure) at the outlet of the first evaporation channel, the working fluid pump flow rate can be increased from 70% to 80% of its rated value.

[0099] In the ORC system used in generator scenarios, the expander speed can be adjusted in a closed loop based on generator load feedback to ensure that the output power is stable at 380V±10V (three-phase AC).

[0100] It is understandable that abnormal operating conditions may occur during the operation of the ORC system. To facilitate handling of these abnormal conditions, the control method of this disclosure may further include: in response to meeting a first preset condition, controlling the second condenser channel to close, opening the first bypass valve at the compressor discharge port to relieve pressure, and reducing the flow rate of the working fluid pump, wherein the first preset condition includes the compressor discharge pressure being greater than or equal to a first preset pressure and the outlet pressure of the second evaporator channel being greater than or equal to a second preset pressure; in response to the end of a second preset time period and meeting the second preset condition, controlling the equipment to stop, wherein the start time of the second preset time period is the moment when the first preset condition is met, and the second preset condition includes at least one of the following: the compressor discharge pressure being greater than or equal to a third preset pressure and the outlet pressure of the second evaporator channel being greater than or equal to a fourth preset pressure, wherein the third preset pressure is less than the first preset pressure and the fourth preset pressure is less than the second preset pressure. This protection method can be called overpressure protection.

[0101] It is understandable that the compressor discharge port is connected to the inlet of the second condenser channel; therefore, the bypass valve at the compressor discharge port and the bypass valve at the inlet of the second condenser channel are the same bypass valve, namely the first bypass valve PV1. Figure 1 As shown.

[0102] In overpressure protection, if the compressor's discharge pressure is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure, or if the outlet pressure of the second evaporator channel is greater than or equal to the second preset pressure, it indicates excessive pressure. In this case, the second condenser channel can be closed to prevent the second working fluid from continuing to flow through it, thereby reducing the pressure of the ORC working fluid. Simultaneously, the first bypass valve can be opened to relieve pressure at the compressor discharge port. The working fluid pump flow rate can also be reduced to further reduce the ORC working fluid pressure. For example, the first preset pressure can be 2.8 MPa, and the second preset pressure can be 2.5 MPa. The specific values ​​of the first and second preset pressures can be set as needed and are not specifically limited here.

[0103] The second preset duration can be set to 10 seconds. The third preset pressure can be lower than the first preset pressure, and the fourth preset pressure can be lower than the second preset pressure. When the compressor's discharge pressure is lower than the third preset pressure and the outlet pressure of the second evaporator channel is lower than the fourth preset pressure, it indicates that the discharge pressure and ORC working fluid pressure have dropped, and the second condenser channel can be reopened for exhaust waste heat recovery. If, after 10 seconds, the compressor's discharge pressure is greater than or equal to the third preset pressure, or the outlet pressure of the second evaporator channel is greater than or equal to the fourth preset pressure, it indicates that the pressure has not dropped, the ORC system may be malfunctioning, and the controller will shut down the ORC system.

[0104] In another embodiment, to facilitate handling abnormal operating conditions, the control method of this disclosure may further include: when the second condenser channel is open, in response to meeting a third preset condition, controlling the second condenser channel to close and controlling the first condenser channel to open, the third preset condition including at least one of the compressor discharge temperature being greater than or equal to a fifth preset temperature and the outlet temperature of the second evaporator channel being greater than or equal to a sixth preset temperature; and in response to the compressor discharge temperature being less than or equal to a seventh preset temperature, controlling the second condenser channel to open. This protection method can be called over-temperature protection.

[0105] For example, the fifth preset temperature T05 can be in the range of 100℃ to 120℃, for example, the fifth preset temperature T05 can be 100℃, 110℃, or 120℃. The sixth preset temperature T06 can be in the range of 140℃ to 160℃, for example, the sixth preset temperature T06 can be 140℃, 150℃, or 160℃. The seventh preset temperature can be in the range of 85℃ to 95℃, for example, the seventh preset temperature can be 85℃, 90℃, or 95℃.

[0106] In over-temperature protection, if the second condenser channel is open and the first condenser channel is closed, and if T1 ≥ T05, or the ORC working fluid temperature ≥ T06, the second condenser channel can be closed and the first condenser channel can be switched to. If both the second and first condenser channels are open, and if T1 ≥ T05, or the ORC working fluid temperature ≥ T06, the second condenser channel can be closed while the first condenser channel remains open until the compressor discharge temperature drops to a safe range (e.g., T1 ≤ 90℃).

[0107] In over-temperature protection, the condensed waste heat is at a medium to low temperature. Closing the second condensing channel (i.e., exhaust waste heat recovery) can directly cut off the high-temperature heat source and quickly cool down the system. Switching to single-source drive using condensed waste heat can avoid energy waste caused by system shutdown while maintaining the basic operation of the ORC system, balancing energy saving and stability. In dual-source drive mode, over-temperature can be avoided simply by closing the second condensing channel. The condensed waste heat temperature is low and will not cause the working fluid to overheat, allowing single-source operation to continue.

[0108] The ORC system can also be set up with fault protection. If the working fluid pump stops, the expander makes abnormal noise (vibration frequency ≥50Hz), or the sensor signal is interrupted, the power supply of the ORC system will be cut off immediately, while the air conditioning refrigerant circulation will continue to operate normally, and the fault code will be recorded at the same time.

[0109] The shutdown of the ORC device or ORC system in this embodiment can be divided into active shutdown and passive shutdown. Under abnormal operating conditions, after the abnormal protection is triggered, the ORC system will passively shut down, following the sequence of "first disconnecting the heat source connection → then stopping the working fluid circulation → finally stopping the cooling equipment," that is, first closing the first condenser channel, then the second condenser channel, then stopping the working fluid pump, and finally stopping the first condenser. After the fault is cleared, a manual reset is required to restart the ORC system.

[0110] For active shutdown, the control method may further include: in response to receiving an air conditioning shutdown request, controlling the flow rate of the refrigerant pump to decrease and closing the first condenser channel and / or the second condenser channel; in response to the end of a third preset time period, controlling the refrigerant pump and the refrigerant working device to shut down. Exemplarily, the air conditioning system is configured to shut down after the refrigerant pump and the refrigerant working device have stopped.

[0111] In scenarios where the air conditioning system and the ORC system share a single controller, the user can send an air conditioning shutdown request to the controller via remote control. Upon receiving the request, the controller reduces the refrigerant pump flow rate, for example, to 25%~35% (e.g., 30%) of its rated flow rate, and closes the first condenser channel and / or the second condenser channel (i.e., closing the condenser channel that is currently open). After the ORC system has been running for a third preset duration (e.g., 2 minutes), the refrigerant pump and expander are shut down. It is understood that during this third preset duration, the ORC refrigerant is cooled by the first condenser.

[0112] In scenarios where the air conditioning system and the ORC system use separate controllers, for example, the air conditioning system uses a second controller and the ORC system uses a first controller. The user can send an air conditioning shutdown request to the second controller via a remote control. The second controller then forwards the shutdown request to the first controller. Upon receiving the shutdown request, the first controller executes the shutdown process of the ORC system as described above. For example, after the ORC system completes shutdown, the first controller can send a shutdown permission command to the second controller. Upon receiving the shutdown permission command, the second controller controls the air conditioning system to shut down.

[0113] In this embodiment, the ORC system can recover waste heat and convert it into electrical energy for generator output, or directly drive auxiliary equipment such as pumps and fans, or convert it into domestic hot water to meet different application needs.

[0114] Air conditioning systems compatible with ORC systems can be used for central air conditioning systems, as well as industrial cooling systems, data center cooling systems, and other applications with high waste heat emissions, achieving broader energy conservation and efficiency improvements.

[0115] According to embodiments of this disclosure, an electronic device is also provided. The electronic device includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor. The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which, when executed by the at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to perform the control method of any embodiment of this disclosure.

[0116] The waste heat recovery system provided in this disclosure may include the waste heat recovery device of this disclosure, and may also include a controller or an electronic device of this disclosure. The controller is used to execute the control method of this disclosure.

[0117] This disclosure also provides an air conditioning device with waste heat recovery function, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the air conditioning equipment includes an air conditioning system 10, and may also include a waste heat recovery device or waste heat recovery system 20 according to embodiments of this disclosure. (See reference...) Figure 2 After the first fluid medium exchanges heat with the second working fluid in the condenser of the air conditioning system, it flows into the first condensing channel. The exhaust port of the air conditioning system compressor is connected to the inlet of the second condensing channel, so that the second working fluid discharged from the exhaust port of the air conditioning system compressor flows through the second condensing channel. The outlet of the second condensing channel is connected to the working fluid inlet (also called refrigerant inlet) in the condenser of the air conditioning system, so that the second working fluid flowing out of the second condensing channel flows to the condenser of the air conditioning system (i.e., the second condenser 12) for use by the air conditioning system.

[0118] Various embodiments of the devices and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit devices, integrated circuit devices, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), device-on-a-chip (SOC) devices, payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable device including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage device, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage device, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0119] The program code used to implement the methods of this disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0120] To provide interaction with a user, the devices and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device for displaying information to the user (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor); and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0121] The devices and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing devices that include backend components (e.g., as a data server), or computing devices that include middleware components (e.g., an application server), or computing devices that include frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with embodiments of the devices and technologies described herein), or computing devices that include any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the devices can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and the Internet.

[0122] Computer devices can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact via communication networks. Client-server relationships are created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. Servers can be cloud servers, servers in distributed devices, or servers incorporating blockchain technology.

[0123] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to rearrange, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0124] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0125] The foregoing disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for carrying out different structures of this disclosure. To simplify this disclosure, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described above. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or reference letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various implementations and / or arrangements discussed.

[0126] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure, and any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed herein, and the combination of different parts of different embodiments without conflict, should all be covered within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A waste heat recovery device, characterized in that, include: The first heat exchanger has a first evaporation channel and a first condensation channel, wherein the first evaporation channel is used to allow a first working fluid to enter and flow through the first evaporation channel; The second heat exchanger has a second evaporation channel and a second condensation channel. The inlet of the second evaporation channel is connected to the outlet of the first evaporation channel. The second evaporation channel is used to allow the first working fluid flowing out of the first evaporation channel to enter, flow through the second evaporation channel, and then flow out of the outlet of the second evaporation channel. The first condensing channel is used to allow the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system to flow through. During the process of flowing through the first condensing channel, the first fluid medium exchanges heat with the first working fluid flowing through the first evaporating channel to heat the first working fluid. The second condensing channel is used for the passage of the second working fluid discharged from the compressor exhaust port of the air conditioning system. During the process of flowing through the second condensing channel, the second working fluid exchanges heat with the first working fluid flowing through the second evaporating channel to heat the first working fluid. The outlet of the second condensing channel is used to connect with the working fluid inlet in the condenser of the air conditioning system.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a working fluid working device, a first condenser, and a working fluid pump; The outlet of the second evaporation channel is connected to the inlet of the working fluid working device, the outlet of the working fluid working device is connected to the inlet of the first condenser, the outlet of the first condenser is connected to the inlet of the working fluid pump, and the outlet of the working fluid pump is connected to the inlet of the first evaporation channel. The working fluid pump is configured to pump the first working fluid discharged from the first condenser into the first evaporation channel, the working fluid working device is used to perform energy conversion driven by the first working fluid flowing out from the outlet of the second evaporation channel, and the first condenser is used to cool the first working fluid flowing through it.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second condenser channel is controlled to open when the compressor's discharge temperature is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, so that the second working fluid can flow through the second condenser channel; and / or, The first condenser channel is controlled to open when the temperature of the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system is greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, so that the first fluid medium can flow through the first condenser channel.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve. The inlet of the first solenoid valve is connected to the first fluid medium outlet of the condenser of the air conditioning system, and the outlet of the first solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the first condensation channel. The first solenoid valve is configured to open or close the first condensation channel. The inlet of the second solenoid valve is connected to the compressor exhaust port of the air conditioning system, and the outlet of the second solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the second condenser channel. The second solenoid valve is configured to open or close the second condenser channel.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first bypass valve disposed at the inlet of the second condenser channel. The inlet of the first bypass valve is used to communicate with the compressor exhaust port, and the outlet of the first bypass valve is used to communicate with the working fluid inlet in the condenser of the air conditioning system. The first bypass valve is controlled to adjust its opening according to the outlet temperature of the second evaporator channel to adjust the flow rate of the second working fluid flowing through the second condenser channel.

6. The waste heat recovery equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The working fluid pump is controlled to increase the frequency conversion frequency when the outlet temperature of the first evaporation channel is less than or equal to a fourth preset temperature, so that the evaporation pressure of the first working fluid is within the preset pressure range.

7. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the second condensation channel is opened and the first condensation channel is closed, the flow rate of the working fluid pump is maintained at a first flow rate, which is less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump. or, When the first condenser channel is opened and the second condenser channel is closed, the flow rate of the working fluid pump is maintained at a second flow rate, which is less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump and greater than the first flow rate.

8. A control method for a waste heat recovery device, characterized in that, The method, applied to the waste heat recovery equipment according to any one of claims 1-7, comprises: In response to the exhaust temperature at the compressor outlet of the air conditioning system being greater than or equal to a first preset temperature, the second condenser channel is controlled to open, allowing the second working fluid discharged from the compressor outlet to flow through the second condenser channel; and / or, In response to the temperature of the first fluid medium discharged from the condenser of the air conditioning system being greater than or equal to a second preset temperature, the first condensation channel is controlled to open so that the first fluid medium can flow through the first condensation channel.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Before controlling the opening of the second condenser channel and / or the first condenser channel, the method further includes: The working fluid pump in the device is controlled to start at a preset flow rate.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: After the working time of the working fluid pump reaches the first preset time, the opening degree of the second bypass valve configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump is adjusted to the preset opening degree to increase the flow rate of the working fluid pump.

11. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: In response to the outlet temperature of the second evaporator channel being greater than or equal to a third preset temperature, the opening of the first bypass valve, which is located at the inlet of the second condenser channel, is increased; and / or, In response to the outlet temperature of the first evaporation channel being less than or equal to a fourth preset temperature, the frequency of the working fluid pump is increased so that the evaporation pressure of the first working fluid is within the preset pressure range.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the second condensing flow channel is open and the first condensing flow channel is closed, adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump to a preset opening includes: adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump to a first target opening, such that the flow rate of the working fluid pump is maintained at a first flow rate, the first flow rate being less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump; or, When the first condensation channel is opened and the second condensation channel is closed, adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured on the working fluid pump to a preset opening includes: adjusting the opening of the second bypass valve configured at the outlet of the working fluid pump to a second target opening, so that the flow rate of the working fluid pump is maintained at a second flow rate, the second flow rate being less than the rated flow rate of the working fluid pump and greater than the first flow rate.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8-12, characterized in that, In response to the fulfillment of a first preset condition, the second condenser channel is closed, the first bypass valve at the inlet of the second condenser channel is opened, and the flow rate of the working fluid pump is reduced. The first preset condition includes the compressor's discharge pressure being greater than or equal to a first preset pressure and the second evaporator channel's outlet pressure being greater than or equal to a second preset pressure. In response to the end of the second preset duration and the fulfillment of the second preset condition, the waste heat recovery equipment is controlled to stop. The start time of the second preset duration is the time when the first preset condition is met. The second preset condition includes at least one of the following: the discharge pressure of the compressor is greater than or equal to the third preset pressure, and the outlet pressure of the second evaporator channel is greater than or equal to the fourth preset pressure. The third preset pressure is less than the first preset pressure, and the fourth preset pressure is less than the second preset pressure.

14. The method according to any one of claims 8-12, characterized in that, When the second condenser channel is open, in response to the satisfaction of a third preset condition, the second condenser channel is controlled to close and the first condenser channel is controlled to open. The third preset condition includes at least one of the following: the exhaust temperature of the compressor is greater than or equal to a fifth preset temperature and the outlet temperature of the second evaporator channel is greater than or equal to a sixth preset temperature. In response to the compressor's exhaust temperature being less than or equal to a seventh preset temperature, the second condenser channel is controlled to open.

15. The method according to any one of claims 8-12, characterized in that, In response to receiving an air conditioner shutdown request, the flow rate of the working fluid pump is reduced, and the first condenser channel and / or the second condenser channel are closed; In response to the end of the third preset time period, the working fluid pump and the working fluid working device are controlled to stop.

16. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; as well as A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which, when executed by the at least one processor, enables the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 8-15.

17. A waste heat recovery system, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-7 further includes a controller or the electronic device according to claim 16, the controller being used to perform the method according to any one of claims 8-15.

18. An air conditioning device with waste heat recovery function, characterized in that, It includes an air conditioning system, and also includes the waste heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1-7 or the waste heat recovery system according to claim 17; After exchanging heat with the second working fluid in the condenser of the air conditioning system, the first fluid medium flows into the first condensation channel. The compressor exhaust port of the air conditioning system is connected to the inlet of the second condenser channel, and the outlet of the second condenser channel is connected to the working fluid inlet of the condenser of the air conditioning system, so that the second working fluid discharged from the compressor exhaust port of the air conditioning system can flow through the second condenser channel and flow out of the second condenser channel to the condenser of the air conditioning system.

Images