Sensor and vehicle

Abstract

The sensor comprises a shell, a transmitting and receiving unit, a printed circuit board, a wireless communication module, a wireless upgrading module and an environment information sensing module, the shell comprises a containing cavity and a mounting part, the containing cavity is located inside the shell, and the mounting part is located outside the shell; the transmitting and receiving unit comprises a transmitting and receiving antenna cathode line and a transmitting and receiving antenna anode line; the transmitting and receiving antenna cathode line and the transmitting and receiving antenna anode line are electrically connected with the printed circuit board respectively; the mounting part comprises at least one fixing unit, and the transmitting-receiving antenna cathode wire and the transmitting-receiving antenna anode wire are wound on the fixing unit to form a transmitting-receiving coil; the printed circuit board is arranged in the accommodating cavity. According to the invention, the wireless problem of the sensor can be solved, and the diversified capabilities of environment perception, wireless communication and wireless energy transmission for adjacent equipment are endowed to the sensor. The invention further provides a vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical components, and in particular to a sensor and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] End-cap type motor rotor sensors are key components of modern drive motors. They detect rotor position non-contactly using the principle of eddy currents and also provide a sealing function through their integrated design with the motor housing. However, existing sensors of this type are functionally limited, typically focusing only on acquiring rotor position signals and transmitting them via wired connections. This makes it difficult to meet the growing demands of modern intelligent electromechanical systems for condition monitoring, wireless data interaction, and integrated power supply. Specifically, abnormal vibrations and noise during motor operation cannot be effectively detected, and sensor deployment is constrained by physical cables, increasing system complexity and maintenance costs.

[0003] Furthermore, with the development of IoT technology and wireless sensor networks, deploying auxiliary sensors on and around the motor has become an important means of achieving predictive maintenance. However, these sensors often face independent power supply and communication challenges. Currently, the market lacks a highly integrated, multifunctional solution that can perform core rotor position detection and sealing functions while also providing diverse capabilities such as environmental sensing, wireless communication, and even wireless power transfer to nearby devices. Therefore, an innovative design is urgently needed to overcome the limitations of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of wireless sensors. This invention provides a sensor and vehicle that effectively solves the problem of wireless sensors and endows them with diversified capabilities including environmental perception, wireless communication, and wireless power transfer to nearby devices.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention disclose a sensor, which includes a housing, a transmitting and receiving unit, a printed circuit board, a wireless communication module, a wireless upgrade module, and an environmental information sensing module.

[0006] The housing includes a receiving cavity and a mounting portion, wherein the receiving cavity is located inside the housing and the mounting portion is located outside the housing;

[0007] The transmitting and receiving unit includes a negative line and a positive line of a transmitting and receiving antenna, and the negative line and the positive line of the transmitting and receiving antenna are electrically connected to the printed circuit board respectively.

[0008] The mounting part includes at least one fixing unit, and the negative wire and the positive wire of the transceiver antenna are wound around the fixing unit to form a transmitting and receiving coil. The mounting part is used to fix the sensor to the motor.

[0009] The printed circuit board is disposed within the receiving cavity;

[0010] The wireless communication module, the wireless upgrade module, and the environmental information sensing module are respectively integrated on the printed circuit board;

[0011] The wireless communication module is coupled to the transmitting and receiving coil for transmitting radio frequency signals;

[0012] The wireless upgrade module is coupled to the transmit / receive coil for transmitting radio frequency signals.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple functional modules such as wireless communication, wireless upgrade, and environmental sensing are integrated into a printed circuit board and placed inside a housing. A coil wound around the external mounting part serves as a unified wireless signal transceiver unit. This approach increases functionality without altering the motor's installation environment, optimizes spatial layout, and achieves sensor miniaturization and modularity. This design allows the sensor to be directly fixed to the motor via the mounting part, enabling it to sense environmental information and conduct multiple modes of wireless communication (data transmission, upgrade) and energy transfer through the same physical coil. This significantly improves the sensor's integration, installation convenience, and functional versatility.

[0014] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the sensor further includes a wireless charging module, which is coupled to the transmitting and receiving coil for transmitting external excitation signals;

[0015] The printed circuit board also integrates a main control chip and a Bluetooth chip;

[0016] The main control chip, the Bluetooth chip, and the transmitting and receiving coils constitute the wireless charging module.

[0017] The main control chip includes a first input terminal, a first output terminal, a second input terminal, a second output terminal, a differential signal positive output terminal, a differential signal negative output terminal, a first communication interface, a second communication interface, and a third communication interface;

[0018] The Bluetooth chip includes a differential radio frequency signal positive input or output terminal, a differential radio frequency signal negative input or output terminal, a first output terminal, and a first input terminal;

[0019] The positive line of the transceiver antenna is electrically connected to the positive input terminal of the differential radio frequency signal of the Bluetooth chip, and the negative line of the transceiver antenna is electrically connected to the negative input terminal of the differential radio frequency signal of the Bluetooth chip, for transmitting the digital signal received by the transmitting and receiving coil from the external sensor to the Bluetooth chip.

[0020] The first output terminal of the Bluetooth chip is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the main control chip, and is used to transmit the digital signal received by the Bluetooth chip to the main control chip;

[0021] The first communication interface of the main control chip is electrically connected to the host computer, and is used to upload the processed signal to the host computer and receive the charging control command issued by the host computer.

[0022] The host computer is used to read the processed signal, and the host computer sends a charging control command to the main control chip through the first communication interface;

[0023] The differential signal positive output terminal of the main control chip is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the transceiver antenna, and the differential signal negative output terminal of the main control chip is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the transceiver antenna. This is used to convert the received charging command into an external excitation signal in the form of a differential signal, thereby switching the state of the transmitting and receiving coil to the state of transmitting an external excitation signal, so as to realize the function of charging the external sensor.

[0024] The above technical solution utilizes a main control chip, a Bluetooth chip, and a transmitting / receiving coil to collaboratively form a wireless charging module. The ports and connection relationships between the main control chip and the Bluetooth chip are specifically defined, enabling the same transmitting / receiving coil to not only communicate but also generate an external excitation signal driven by the main control chip upon receiving instructions from the host computer. This achieves the function of wirelessly charging coupled external sensors, expanding the application scenarios of sensors, reducing dependence on the power supply of the monitored equipment, and effectively realizing wireless connectivity.

[0025] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the printed circuit board also integrates a data acquisition chip and a signal transceiver control chip;

[0026] The main control chip, the acquisition chip, the signal transceiver control chip, and the transmit / receive coil constitute the wireless communication module;

[0027] The acquisition chip includes a first input terminal, a first output terminal, a second input terminal, and a second output terminal;

[0028] The signal transceiver control chip includes a first input terminal, a differential radio frequency signal positive output terminal, and a differential radio frequency signal negative output terminal;

[0029] The second output terminal of the main control chip is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the acquisition chip, and is used to convert the operation instructions received from the host computer through the second communication interface of the main control chip into digital instruction signals and send them to the acquisition chip;

[0030] The first output terminal of the acquisition chip is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the signal transceiver control chip, and is used to generate a corresponding radio frequency modulation control signal according to the digital instruction signal and output it to the signal transceiver control chip.

[0031] The differential radio frequency signal positive output terminal of the signal transceiver control chip is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the transceiver antenna, and the differential radio frequency signal negative output terminal of the signal transceiver control chip is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the transceiver antenna. This is used to load the radio frequency modulation control signal into the transmitting and receiving coil in the form of a differential signal, thereby switching the state of the transmitting and receiving coil to the transmitting radio frequency signal state, so as to realize radio frequency communication with external sensors.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, a dedicated wireless communication module is formed by introducing a data acquisition chip and a signal transceiver control chip, which, together with the main control chip and the transmitting and receiving coils. This module can convert operation commands from the host computer into radio frequency modulation control signals via the main control chip and the data acquisition chip, and finally drive the transmitting and receiving coils in a differential manner through the signal transceiver control chip. This achieves stable and efficient proprietary radio frequency communication with external sensors, and avoids interference and information loss during signal transmission through near-end wireless signal receiving and transmission functions.

[0033] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the main control chip, the Bluetooth chip, and the transmit / receive coil constitute the wireless upgrade module;

[0034] The first output terminal of the main control chip is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the Bluetooth chip, and is used to convert the operation instructions received from the host computer through the first communication interface into digital instruction signals and send them to the Bluetooth chip.

[0035] The differential radio frequency signal positive output terminal of the Bluetooth chip is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the transceiver antenna, and the differential radio frequency signal negative output terminal of the Bluetooth chip is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the transceiver antenna. This is used to load the radio frequency modulation control signal into the transmitting and receiving coil in the form of a differential signal, thereby using the transmitting and receiving coil as a Bluetooth antenna to realize the function of wirelessly upgrading external sensors.

[0036] The above technical solution utilizes a wireless upgrade module constructed by reusing the main control chip, Bluetooth chip, and transmit / receive coils. The main control chip processes upgrade commands via the Bluetooth chip and loads them onto the transmit / receive coils, enabling them to function as Bluetooth antennas. This allows the sensor to perform over-the-air (OTA) firmware upgrades on external sensors without disassembly or physical contact, greatly simplifying the maintenance process, reducing upgrade costs, and ensuring the updability of external sensor functionality.

[0037] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the printed circuit board also integrates an acoustic wave acquisition device;

[0038] The acoustic wave acquisition device, the acquisition chip, and the main control chip constitute the environmental information sensing module;

[0039] The acoustic wave acquisition device includes an output terminal;

[0040] The output terminal of the acoustic wave acquisition device is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the acquisition chip, and is used to transmit the acoustic wave signal sensed by the acoustic wave acquisition device to the acquisition chip for signal processing;

[0041] The second output terminal of the acquisition chip is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the main control chip, and is used to convert the processed acoustic wave signal into a digital signal and transmit it to the main control chip;

[0042] The host computer is used to receive signals sent by the main control chip through the third communication interface, thereby determining whether there is any abnormality in the acoustic signal.

[0043] By adopting the above technical solution, an environmental information sensing module is formed by adding a sound wave acquisition device, which, together with the acquisition chip and the main control chip. After the sound wave signal is processed by the acquisition chip, it is uploaded to the host computer for analysis by the main control chip through a specific interface. This enables the sensor to have acoustic monitoring capabilities, allowing it to detect abnormal noises during motor operation (such as bearing damage or friction noise), achieving early, non-invasive diagnosis of the motor's health status, improving the predictive maintenance level of the entire system, and adding a new mode to fault diagnosis.

[0044] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the sound wave acquisition device is a microphone.

[0045] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the main control chip includes a control module integrated therein;

[0046] The control module includes: a system clock module, an analog-to-digital converter module, a general-purpose input / output interface module, and a central processing unit;

[0047] The system clock module is connected to the central processing unit and is used to provide clock signals;

[0048] The input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter module serves as the second input terminal of the main control chip and is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the acquisition chip. It is used to receive the processed acoustic analog signal and convert it into a digital signal.

[0049] The output of the analog-to-digital converter module is connected to the central processing unit and is used to transmit the converted acoustic digital signal to the central processing unit.

[0050] The general-purpose input / output interface module includes a first set of interfaces, a second set of interfaces, a first input terminal of the main control chip, and a first output terminal;

[0051] The first set of interfaces serves as the first, second, and third communication interfaces of the main control chip, and is used for electrical connection with the host computer.

[0052] The second set of interfaces serves as the differential signal positive output terminal and differential signal negative output terminal of the main control chip, and is electrically connected to the positive line and the negative line of the transceiver antenna, respectively.

[0053] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the sensor further includes wiring terminals and a rectifier module;

[0054] The housing also includes a plug-in portion, and the wiring terminal is located in the plug-in portion;

[0055] One end of the terminal block is used to connect to the connector, and the other end of the terminal block is electrically connected to one end of the rectifier module;

[0056] The rectifier module is integrated on the printed circuit board. The other end of the rectifier module is electrically connected to the main control chip, the acquisition chip, the signal transceiver control chip, the Bluetooth chip, and the sound wave acquisition device. The rectifier module is used to convert the received AC power into DC power to power each component.

[0057] By adopting the above technical solution and adding wiring terminals and a rectifier module, and clarifying their connection relationships, a stable and reliable power supply solution is provided for the sensor. The rectifier module converts external AC power into DC power, providing unified power to all chips and sensors on the board. This not only simplifies the external power supply design (vehicle or industrial AC power can be used directly), but also ensures that each internal functional module receives a clean and stable operating voltage, improving the adaptability and reliability of the entire sensor in different electrical environments.

[0058] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the housing is annular, and the housing includes a first wall surface and a second wall surface opposite to the first wall surface;

[0059] The first wall surface of the housing has an opening along the axial direction of the housing, and the printed circuit board enters the receiving cavity through the opening;

[0060] The second wall surface of the housing is provided with a second through hole.

[0061] By adopting the above technical solution, and specifically defining its first wall surface as annular (with an opening for mounting the circuit board), the sensor structure is particularly suitable for mounting or attaching to cylindrical components such as motor shafts. The annular structure optimizes space utilization, facilitates installation in limited spaces, and provides good mechanical protection for the motor.

[0062] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the mounting part includes a first fixing unit, a second fixing unit, and a third fixing unit, wherein the first fixing unit, the second fixing unit, and the third fixing unit are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the housing, and are used to fix the housing to the motor, and the transmitting and receiving coil is fixed to the first fixing unit;

[0063] The mounting portion further includes an annular fixing unit that protrudes from the second wall surface of the housing along the axial direction. The annular fixing unit and the fixing unit work together to be fixedly connected to the end of the motor.

[0064] The mounting section also includes a sensor sealing cover, which is disposed at the opening.

[0065] The above technical solution employs a multi-layered fixing and sealing mechanism, consisting of three circumferentially spaced fixing units, one axially protruding annular fixing unit, and a sealed rear cover for the sensor. The three fixing units ensure circumferential stability of the sensor, while the annular fixing unit provides axial docking and fixation to the motor end. Together, they ensure a secure and reliable installation. The sealed rear cover protects the internal circuitry. The overall design balances installation strength, sealing protection, and ease of maintenance.

[0066] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the first fixing unit includes a nut and a threaded bushing that are screwed together with each other;

[0067] The threaded bushing is provided with a steel ring;

[0068] The negative wire and the positive wire of the transceiver antenna are wound around the steel ring;

[0069] The second fixing unit and the third fixing unit are respectively provided with bushings.

[0070] By employing the above technical solution, a fixed unit is specifically defined as consisting of a nut, a threaded bushing, and a steel ring on the bushing. The transmitting and receiving antenna cables are wound around the steel ring, creatively integrating the mechanical fixing components with the antenna structure. The threaded connection provides reliable mechanical locking, while the steel ring serves as the antenna's skeleton, optimizing the coil's shape stability and electromagnetic performance, thus achieving a clever combination of structural strength and electrical function.

[0071] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, a sealing ring is provided on the inner side of the annular fixing unit.

[0072] By adopting the above technical solution, a sealing ring is set inside the annular fixing unit to form an effective radial seal when the sensor and motor are connected and installed. This prevents dust, moisture and other contaminants from entering the sensor or motor from the interface, which significantly improves the sensor's protection level (such as IP rating) and service life in harsh industrial environments.

[0073] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the sensor's sealed rear cover is provided with a first through hole, and the environmental information sensing module detects external sound wave signals through the first through hole.

[0074] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the sensor further includes a position detection module, which is integrated on the printed circuit board and corresponds to the second through hole. The position detection module is used to detect the rotor position of the motor.

[0075] An embodiment of the present invention also discloses a vehicle and an electric motor, wherein the end of the electric motor is fixedly connected to the housing of the sensor;

[0076] An external sensor, which is wirelessly coupled to the transmitter and receiver coil of the sensor, is used to receive energy or perform data communication;

[0077] The host computer includes a first communication interface, a second communication interface, and a third communication interface. The first communication interface is electrically connected to the wireless charging module and the wireless upgrade module of the sensor; the second communication interface is electrically connected to the wireless communication module of the sensor; and the third communication interface is electrically connected to the environmental information sensing module of the sensor.

[0078] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the first communication interface of the host computer is a LIN interface;

[0079] The second communication interface of the host computer is a CAN interface;

[0080] The third communication interface of the host computer is an analog signal input interface.

[0081] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle further includes a connector, one end of which is connected to the wiring terminal of the sensor, and the other end of which is connected to the first communication interface, the second communication interface and the third communication interface of the host computer via wiring harnesses, and the connector is fixed to the connector portion of the sensor. Attached Figure Description

[0082] Figure 1aA three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sensor provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0083] Figure 1b A second perspective view of the sensor provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0084] Figure 2a A bottom view of the sensor provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0085] Figure 2b A bottom view of the sensor provided in an embodiment of this application is shown in Figure 2.

[0086] Figure 3 A block diagram of a sensor provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0087] Figure 4 An exploded view of the sensor provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0088] Figure 5a A partially enlarged view of the sensor provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0089] Figure 5b A partially enlarged view of the sensor provided in an embodiment of this application is shown in Figure 2.

[0090] Figure 6 Block diagram two of the sensor provided in the embodiments of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0091] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention is presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of the invention are limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the invention in conjunction with embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of the present invention. To provide a deep understanding of the invention, many specific details will be included in the following description. The invention may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of the invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0092] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0093] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of the invention is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0094] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0095] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0096] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0097] Rotor position sensors are key components of modern drive motors. They detect rotor position non-contactly using the principle of eddy currents and are also sealed by integrating with the motor housing. However, existing sensors of this type are functionally limited, typically focusing only on acquiring and transmitting rotor position signals via wired connections. This makes it difficult to meet the growing demands of modern intelligent electromechanical systems for condition monitoring, wireless data interaction, and integrated power supply.

[0098] Therefore, this application provides a sensor for use in vehicles. While detecting the position of the motor rotor, it can wirelessly communicate with external sensors, perform over-the-air (OTA) updates, sense environmental information, and wirelessly charge, eliminating reliance on traditional wired methods. This provides the motor rotor position sensor with more functionality. Simultaneously, the sensor connects to the vehicle's host computer to receive commands, upload data, or conduct two-way communication. Furthermore, the key components for achieving these functions, the transmitting and receiving coils, are directly fixed to the sensor housing, optimizing the spatial layout and adding functionality without altering the motor's installation environment.

[0099] It is understood that the aforementioned external sensors can be motor bearing condition monitoring sensors, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions on them.

[0100] It is understood that the aforementioned host computer is an electronic control unit, etc., and this application does not impose any restrictions on it.

[0101] Specifically, refer to Figures 1a to 3 This application provides a sensor 100, which includes a housing 200, a transmitting and receiving unit 300, a printed circuit board 400, a wireless communication module 500, a wireless upgrade module 600, an environmental information sensing module 700, a wireless charging module 800, and a position detection module 900. The housing 200 includes a receiving cavity 210 and a mounting portion 220. The receiving cavity 210 is located inside the housing 200, and the mounting portion 220 is located outside the housing 200. The mounting portion 220 includes at least one fixing unit for fixing the sensor 100 to a motor (not shown in the figure). The printed circuit board 400 is disposed within the receiving cavity 210.

[0102] It should be noted that the functions of the wireless communication module 500, the wireless upgrade module 600, and the wireless charging module 800 are all implemented for the vehicle's external sensors 20. The wireless communication module 500, the wireless upgrade module 600, the environmental information sensing module 700, the wireless charging module 800, and the position detection module 900 are all connected to the vehicle's host computer 10 for receiving instructions, uploading data, or conducting two-way communication.

[0103] In this embodiment, the sensor 100 is fixed to the end of the motor, which is ring-shaped, and correspondingly, the housing 200 is ring-shaped. However, those skilled in the art will understand that in some possible embodiments, the sensor 100 may be fixed at other locations, such as the front end of the motor or inside the motor. This application does not limit the fixed position of the sensor 100. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that in some possible embodiments, the end of the motor may be of other shapes, such as square or irregular shapes, and correspondingly, the housing 200 of the sensor 100 may be of other shapes, as long as they correspond to the shape of the end of the motor; this application does not limit this.

[0104] For example, the housing 200 is made of aluminum alloy. However, those skilled in the art will understand that in some possible embodiments, the housing 200 may be made of other materials, such as engineering plastics, and this application does not limit this.

[0105] Further, refer to Figure 4 In this embodiment of the application, the housing 200 includes a first wall surface 230 and a second wall surface 240 opposite to the first wall surface 230. The first wall surface 230 of the housing 200 is provided with an opening 231 along the axial direction of the housing 200. The printed circuit board 400 enters the receiving cavity 210 through the opening 231. The mounting part 220 also includes a sensor sealing back cover 221, which is disposed at the opening 231.

[0106] Further, refer to Figure 2a , Figure 2b , Figure 5a and Figure 5b The mounting section 220 includes three fixing units, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the housing 200. The transmitting and receiving coils are fixed to one fixing unit. The transmitting and receiving unit 300 includes a negative transmitting and receiving antenna wire 310 and a positive transmitting and receiving antenna wire 320, which are electrically connected to the printed circuit board 400. The negative transmitting and receiving antenna wire 310 and the positive transmitting and receiving antenna wire 320 are wound around the fixing unit to form the transmitting and receiving coils.

[0107] Specifically, in this embodiment, the mounting unit 220 includes a first fixing unit 222, a second fixing unit 223, and a third fixing unit 224 arranged circumferentially around the housing 200. These three fixing units fix the housing 200 of the sensor 100 to the end of the motor. The positive and negative wires of the transceiver antenna are directly wound around the first fixing unit 222. The first fixing unit 222 includes a nut 2221 and a threaded bushing 2222 that are screwed together. A steel ring 330 is provided on the threaded bushing 2222. The negative wire 310 and the positive wire 320 of the transceiver antenna are wound around the steel ring 330 to form a transmitting and receiving coil. Meanwhile, the second fixing unit 223 and the third fixing unit 224 are hollow frustums 2231 protruding radially from the housing 200. Bushings 2232 are provided inside the hollow frustums 2231, serving to position and support the housing 200 during the fixing process, preventing deformation.

[0108] For example, the housing 200 of the sensor 100 is fixedly connected to the end of the motor by welding through three fixing units. However, those skilled in the art will understand that in some possible embodiments, the housing 200 can be fixed to the motor in other ways, such as screwing, snap-fitting, etc., and this application does not limit this.

[0109] Furthermore, returning to Figure 1a , Figure 1b , Figure 2a and Figure 2b The mounting part 220 also includes an annular fixing unit 225 that protrudes axially from the second wall surface 240 of the housing 200, and a sealing ring 226 is provided on the inner side of the annular fixing unit 225. The annular fixing unit 225, the first fixing unit 222, the second fixing unit 223 and the third fixing unit 224 work together to fix and connect to the end of the motor.

[0110] Specifically, the annular fixing unit 225 is fastened to the end of the motor, and the sealing ring 226 is used to cover the outer surface of the end of the motor. While fixing the sensor 100 to the motor, it also has a sealing effect, thereby preventing foreign objects or water from entering the motor.

[0111] The wireless communication module 500, wireless upgrade module 600, environmental information sensing module 700, wireless charging module 800, and position detection module 900 are integrated on the printed circuit board 400. The wireless communication module 500 is coupled to the transmitting and receiving coils for transmitting radio frequency signals. The wireless upgrade module 600 is coupled to the transmitting and receiving coils for transmitting radio frequency signals. The environmental information sensing module 700 collects sound waves in the environment through the sound wave acquisition device 450. The wireless charging module 800 is coupled to the transmitting and receiving coils for transmitting external excitation signals. The position detection module 900 is used to detect the rotor position of the motor.

[0112] Furthermore, the second wall surface 240 of the housing 200 is provided with a second through hole 241, and the position detection module 900 corresponds to the second through hole 241. The position detection module 900 is used to detect the rotor position of the motor.

[0113] Specifically, the printed circuit board 400 integrates a main control chip 410, a Bluetooth chip 420, a data acquisition chip 430, a signal transceiver control chip 440, and a sound wave acquisition device 450.

[0114] It should be noted that the position detection module 900 is an independent electronic module compared to the other modules, and its components and connection circuits are used independently. However, those skilled in the art will understand that in some possible embodiments, the position detection module 900 may share components or connection circuits with the other modules, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0115] The main control chip 410 includes a first input terminal, a first output terminal, a second input terminal, a second output terminal, a differential signal positive output terminal, a differential signal negative output terminal, a first communication interface, a second communication interface, and a third communication interface; the Bluetooth chip 420 includes a differential radio frequency signal positive input or output terminal, a differential radio frequency signal negative input or output terminal, a first output terminal, and a first input terminal; the acquisition chip 430 includes a first input terminal, a first output terminal, a second input terminal, and a second output terminal; the signal transceiver control chip 440 includes a first input terminal, a differential radio frequency signal positive output terminal, and a differential radio frequency signal negative output terminal; and the sound wave acquisition device 450 includes an output terminal.

[0116] refer to Figure 6 In this embodiment, the wireless charging module 800 consists of a main control chip 410, a Bluetooth chip 420, and a transmitting and receiving coil.

[0117] Specifically, the positive terminal 320 of the transceiver antenna is electrically connected to the positive input terminal of the differential radio frequency signal of the Bluetooth chip 420, and the negative terminal 310 of the transceiver antenna is electrically connected to the negative input terminal of the differential radio frequency signal of the Bluetooth chip 420, for transmitting the digital signal received by the transmitting / receiving coil from the external sensor 20 to the Bluetooth chip 420; the first output terminal of the Bluetooth chip 420 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the main control chip 410, for transmitting the digital signal received by the Bluetooth chip 420 to the main control chip 410; the first communication interface of the main control chip 410 is electrically connected to the host computer 10, for uploading the processed signal to the host computer 10. The host computer 10 receives charging control commands issued by the host computer 10; the host computer 10 reads the processed signals and sends charging control commands to the main control chip 410 through the first communication interface; the differential signal positive output terminal of the main control chip 410 is electrically connected to the positive line 320 of the transceiver antenna, and the differential signal negative output terminal of the main control chip 410 is electrically connected to the negative line 310 of the transceiver antenna, which is used to convert the received charging command into an external excitation signal in the form of a differential signal, thereby switching the state of the transmitting and receiving coil to the state of transmitting an external excitation signal, so as to realize the function of charging the external sensor 20.

[0118] In the embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 6 The wireless communication module 500 consists of a main control chip 410, a data acquisition chip 430, a signal transceiver control chip 440, and a transmitting and receiving coil.

[0119] Specifically, the second output terminal of the main control chip 410 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the acquisition chip 430, and is used to convert the operation instructions received from the host computer 10 through the second communication interface of the main control chip 410 into digital instruction signals and send them to the acquisition chip 430; the first output terminal of the acquisition chip 430 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the signal transceiver control chip 440, and is used to generate corresponding radio frequency modulation control signals according to the digital instruction signals and output them to the signal transceiver control chip 440; the differential radio frequency signal positive output terminal of the signal transceiver control chip 440 is electrically connected to the positive line 320 of the transceiver antenna, and the differential radio frequency signal negative output terminal of the signal transceiver control chip 440 is electrically connected to the negative line 310 of the transceiver antenna, and is used to load the radio frequency modulation control signal into the transmitting and receiving coil in the form of a differential signal, thereby switching the state of the transmitting and receiving coil to the transmitting radio frequency signal state, so as to realize radio frequency communication with the external sensor 20.

[0120] In this embodiment, the wireless upgrade module 600 consists of a main control chip 410, a Bluetooth chip 420, and a transmit / receive coil.

[0121] Specifically, the first output terminal of the main control chip 410 is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the Bluetooth chip 420, which is used to convert the operation instructions received from the host computer 10 through the first communication interface into digital instruction signals and send them to the Bluetooth chip 420; the positive output terminal of the differential radio frequency signal of the Bluetooth chip 420 is electrically connected to the positive line 320 of the transceiver antenna, and the negative output terminal of the differential radio frequency signal of the Bluetooth chip 420 is electrically connected to the negative line 310 of the transceiver antenna, which is used to load the radio frequency modulation control signal into the transmitting and receiving coil in the form of a differential signal, thereby using the transmitting and receiving coil as a Bluetooth antenna to realize the function of wirelessly upgrading the external sensor 20.

[0122] In this embodiment, the environmental information sensing module 700 consists of an acoustic wave acquisition device 450, an acquisition chip 430, and a main control chip 410.

[0123] Specifically, the output terminal of the sound wave acquisition device 450 is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the acquisition chip 430, and is used to transmit the sound wave signal sensed by the sound wave acquisition device 450 to the acquisition chip 430 for signal processing; the second output terminal of the acquisition chip 430 is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the main control chip 410, and is used to convert the processed sound wave signal into a digital signal and transmit it to the main control chip 410; the host computer 10 is used to receive the signal sent by the main control chip 410 through the third communication interface, thereby determining whether there is an abnormality in the sound wave signal.

[0124] For example, the sound wave acquisition device 450 is a microphone. However, those skilled in the art will understand that in some possible embodiments, the sound wave acquisition device 450 can be other devices, such as a vibration meter, and this application does not limit this.

[0125] Back Figure 1a and Figure 1b The sensor's sealed back cover 221 has a first through hole 2211, through which the environmental information sensing module 700 detects external sound wave signals. In other words, in this embodiment, the microphone collects external sound wave signals through the first through hole 2211, while the microphone body blocks the first through hole 2211 to prevent foreign objects from entering the housing 200.

[0126] For example, the main control chip 410 includes a control module integrated therein; the control module includes: a system clock module, an analog-to-digital converter module, a general-purpose input / output interface module, and a central processing unit; the system clock module is connected to the central processing unit and is used to provide a clock signal; the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter module serves as the second input terminal of the main control chip 410 and is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the acquisition chip 430, for receiving the processed acoustic analog signal and converting it into a digital signal; the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter module is connected to the central processing unit and is used to transmit the converted acoustic digital signal to the central processing unit; the general-purpose input / output interface module includes a first set of interfaces, a second set of interfaces, a first input terminal of the main control chip 410, and a first output terminal; the first set of interfaces serves as the first communication interface, the second communication interface, and the third communication interface of the main control chip 410, for electrically connecting to the host computer 10; the second set of interfaces serves as the differential signal positive output terminal and the differential signal negative output terminal of the main control chip 410, and is electrically connected to the positive line 320 and the negative line 310 of the transceiver antenna, respectively.

[0127] Further, refer to Figure 2a and Figure 2b The sensor 100 also includes a terminal block 460 and a rectifier module (not shown in the figure); the housing 200 also includes a plug-in portion 250, and the terminal block 460 is located in the plug-in portion 250; one end of the terminal block 460 is used to connect to the plug-in component, and the other end of the terminal block 460 is electrically connected to one end of the rectifier module; the rectifier module is integrated on the printed circuit board 400, and the other end of the rectifier module is electrically connected to the main control chip 410, the acquisition chip 430, the signal transceiver control chip 440, the Bluetooth chip 420, and the sound wave acquisition device 450 respectively. The rectifier module is used to convert the received AC power into DC power, thereby powering the various components.

[0128] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the application, the processing of the sensor 100 consists of three main steps:

[0129] The first step involves injection molding the terminal block 460, steel ring 330, and transmitting / receiving coils to complete the main structure of the sensor 100 housing 200.

[0130] The second step is to install the printed circuit board 400 with the electronic components into the receiving cavity 210 of the housing 200 through the opening 231 of the sensor 100 housing 200, and then crimp the wiring terminals 460 and the transmitting and receiving coils respectively.

[0131] The third step involves using laser welding to weld the sensor sealing cover 221 to the housing 200 of the sensor 100.

[0132] This application also provides a vehicle that includes at least the sensor 100 in any of the foregoing embodiments, which includes a motor, a host computer 10, a connector, and an external sensor 20. The sensor 100 is fixed to the motor. The host computer 10 includes a first communication interface, a second communication interface, and a third communication interface. The connector has one end connected to the terminal block 460 of the sensor 100, and the other end connected to the first communication interface, the second communication interface, and the third communication interface of the host computer 10 via a wiring harness. The connector is fixed to the connector portion 250 of the sensor 100.

[0133] In this embodiment, the first communication interface is electrically connected to the sensor's wireless charging module and wireless upgrade module; the second communication interface is electrically connected to the sensor's wireless communication module; and the third communication interface is electrically connected to the sensor's environmental information sensing module.

[0134] For example, the first communication interface of the host computer 10 is a LIN interface, the second communication interface of the host computer 10 is a CAN interface, the third communication interface of the host computer 10 is an analog signal input interface, and the host computer 10 also includes a ground wire.

[0135] While the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the invention to these descriptions. Various changes in form and detail can be made by those skilled in the art, including several simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A sensor, characterized in that, include: The components include: housing, transmitter / receiver unit, printed circuit board, wireless communication module, wireless upgrade module, and environmental information sensing module. The housing includes a receiving cavity and a mounting portion, wherein the receiving cavity is located inside the housing and the mounting portion is located outside the housing; The transmitting and receiving unit includes a negative line and a positive line of a transmitting and receiving antenna, and the negative line and the positive line of the transmitting and receiving antenna are electrically connected to the printed circuit board respectively. The mounting part includes at least one fixing unit, and the negative wire and the positive wire of the transceiver antenna are wound around the fixing unit to form a transmitting and receiving coil. The mounting part is used to fix the sensor to the motor. The printed circuit board is disposed within the receiving cavity; The wireless communication module, the wireless upgrade module, and the environmental information sensing module are respectively integrated on the printed circuit board; The wireless communication module is coupled to the transmitting and receiving coil for transmitting radio frequency signals; The wireless upgrade module is coupled to the transmit / receive coil for transmitting radio frequency signals.

2. The sensor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor also includes a wireless charging module, which is coupled to the transmitting and receiving coil and is used to transmit external excitation signals. The printed circuit board also integrates a main control chip and a Bluetooth chip; The main control chip, the Bluetooth chip, and the transmitting and receiving coils constitute the wireless charging module. The main control chip includes a first input terminal, a first output terminal, a second input terminal, a second output terminal, a differential signal positive output terminal, a differential signal negative output terminal, a first communication interface, a second communication interface, and a third communication interface; The Bluetooth chip includes a differential radio frequency signal positive input or output terminal, a differential radio frequency signal negative input or output terminal, a first output terminal, and a first input terminal; The positive line of the transceiver antenna is electrically connected to the positive input terminal of the differential radio frequency signal of the Bluetooth chip, and the negative line of the transceiver antenna is electrically connected to the negative input terminal of the differential radio frequency signal of the Bluetooth chip, for transmitting the digital signal received by the transmitting and receiving coil from the external sensor to the Bluetooth chip. The first output terminal of the Bluetooth chip is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the main control chip, and is used to transmit the digital signal received by the Bluetooth chip to the main control chip; The first communication interface of the main control chip is electrically connected to the host computer, and is used to upload the processed signal to the host computer and receive the charging control command issued by the host computer. The host computer is used to read the processed signal, and the host computer sends a charging control command to the main control chip through the first communication interface; The differential signal positive output terminal of the main control chip is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the transceiver antenna, and the differential signal negative output terminal of the main control chip is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the transceiver antenna. This is used to convert the received charging command into an external excitation signal in the form of a differential signal, thereby switching the state of the transmitting and receiving coil to the state of transmitting an external excitation signal, so as to realize the function of charging the external sensor.

3. The sensor as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The printed circuit board also integrates a data acquisition chip and a signal transceiver control chip. The main control chip, the acquisition chip, the signal transceiver control chip, and the transmit / receive coil constitute the wireless communication module; The acquisition chip includes a first input terminal, a first output terminal, a second input terminal, and a second output terminal; The signal transceiver control chip includes a first input terminal, a differential radio frequency signal positive output terminal, and a differential radio frequency signal negative output terminal; The second output terminal of the main control chip is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the acquisition chip, and is used to convert the operation instructions received from the host computer through the second communication interface of the main control chip into digital instruction signals and send them to the acquisition chip; The first output terminal of the acquisition chip is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the signal transceiver control chip, and is used to generate a corresponding radio frequency modulation control signal according to the digital instruction signal and output it to the signal transceiver control chip. The differential radio frequency signal positive output terminal of the signal transceiver control chip is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the transceiver antenna, and the differential radio frequency signal negative output terminal of the signal transceiver control chip is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the transceiver antenna. This is used to load the radio frequency modulation control signal into the transmitting and receiving coil in the form of a differential signal, thereby switching the state of the transmitting and receiving coil to the transmitting radio frequency signal state, so as to realize radio frequency communication with external sensors.

4. The sensor as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The main control chip, the Bluetooth chip, and the transmit / receive coil constitute the wireless upgrade module; The first output terminal of the main control chip is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the Bluetooth chip, and is used to convert the operation instructions received from the host computer through the first communication interface into digital instruction signals and send them to the Bluetooth chip. The differential radio frequency signal positive output terminal of the Bluetooth chip is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the transceiver antenna, and the differential radio frequency signal negative output terminal of the Bluetooth chip is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the transceiver antenna. This is used to load the radio frequency modulation control signal into the transmitting and receiving coil in the form of a differential signal, thereby using the transmitting and receiving coil as a Bluetooth antenna to realize the function of wirelessly upgrading external sensors.

5. The sensor as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The printed circuit board also integrates a sound wave acquisition device. The acoustic wave acquisition device, the acquisition chip, and the main control chip constitute the environmental information sensing module; The acoustic wave acquisition device includes an output terminal; The output terminal of the acoustic wave acquisition device is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the acquisition chip, and is used to transmit the acoustic wave signal sensed by the acoustic wave acquisition device to the acquisition chip for signal processing; The second output terminal of the acquisition chip is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the main control chip, and is used to convert the processed acoustic wave signal into a digital signal and transmit it to the main control chip; The host computer is used to receive signals sent by the main control chip through the third communication interface, thereby determining whether there is any abnormality in the acoustic signal.

6. The sensor as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sound wave acquisition device is a microphone.

7. The sensor according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that, The main control chip includes a control module integrated therein; The control module includes: a system clock module, an analog-to-digital converter module, a general-purpose input / output interface module, and a central processing unit; The system clock module is connected to the central processing unit and is used to provide clock signals; The input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter module serves as the second input terminal of the main control chip and is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the acquisition chip. It is used to receive the processed acoustic analog signal and convert it into a digital signal. The output of the analog-to-digital converter module is connected to the central processing unit and is used to transmit the converted acoustic digital signal to the central processing unit. The general-purpose input / output interface module includes a first set of interfaces, a second set of interfaces, a first input terminal of the main control chip, and a first output terminal; The first set of interfaces serves as the first, second, and third communication interfaces of the main control chip, and is used for electrical connection with the host computer. The second set of interfaces serves as the differential signal positive output terminal and differential signal negative output terminal of the main control chip, and is electrically connected to the positive line and the negative line of the transceiver antenna, respectively.

8. The sensor as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The sensor also includes wiring terminals and a rectifier module; The housing also includes a plug-in portion, and the wiring terminal is located in the plug-in portion; One end of the terminal block is used to connect to the connector, and the other end of the terminal block is electrically connected to one end of the rectifier module; The rectifier module is integrated on the printed circuit board. The other end of the rectifier module is electrically connected to the main control chip, the acquisition chip, the signal transceiver control chip, the Bluetooth chip, and the sound wave acquisition device. The rectifier module is used to convert the received AC power into DC power to power each component.

9. The sensor as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The housing is annular, and the housing includes a first wall surface and a second wall surface opposite to the first wall surface; The first wall surface of the housing has an opening along the axial direction of the housing, and the printed circuit board enters the receiving cavity through the opening; The second wall surface of the housing is provided with a second through hole.

10. The sensor as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The mounting part includes a first fixing unit, a second fixing unit, and a third fixing unit. The first fixing unit, the second fixing unit, and the third fixing unit are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the housing, and are used to fix the housing to the motor. The transmitting and receiving coils are fixed to the first fixing unit. The mounting portion further includes an annular fixing unit that protrudes from the second wall surface of the housing along the axial direction. The annular fixing unit and the fixing unit work together to be fixedly connected to the end of the motor. The mounting section also includes a sensor sealing cover, which is disposed at the opening.

11. The sensor as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The first fixing unit includes nuts and threaded bushings that are screwed together. The threaded bushing is provided with a steel ring; The negative wire and the positive wire of the transceiver antenna are wound around the steel ring; The second fixing unit and the third fixing unit are respectively provided with bushings.

12. The sensor as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided on the inner side of the annular fixing unit.

13. The sensor as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The sensor's sealed rear cover has a first through hole, through which the environmental information sensing module detects external sound wave signals.

14. The sensor as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The sensor also includes a position detection module, which is integrated into the printed circuit board and corresponds to the second through hole. The position detection module is used to detect the rotor position of the motor.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the sensor as described in any one of claims 1-14; An electric motor, the end of which is fixedly connected to the housing of the sensor; An external sensor, which is wirelessly coupled to the transmitter and receiver coil of the sensor, is used to receive energy or perform data communication; The host computer includes a first communication interface, a second communication interface, and a third communication interface. The first communication interface is electrically connected to the wireless charging module and the wireless upgrade module of the sensor; the second communication interface is electrically connected to the wireless communication module of the sensor; and the third communication interface is electrically connected to the environmental information sensing module of the sensor.

16. The vehicle as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that, The first communication interface of the host computer is a LIN interface; The second communication interface of the host computer is a CAN interface; The third communication interface of the host computer is an analog signal input interface.

17. The vehicle as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that, The vehicle also includes a connector, one end of which is connected to the wiring terminal of the sensor, and the other end of which is connected to the first communication interface, the second communication interface and the third communication interface of the host computer via wiring harnesses. The connector is fixed to the connector portion of the sensor.

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