Residential building carbon element tracking calculation system and method based on three-level coding chain
The carbon traceability calculation system based on a three-level coding chain solves the problems of coarse granularity and delayed updates in traditional carbon emission calculation methods. It enables precise carbon footprint tracking and real-time visualization from raw materials to individual buildings, supports real-time comparison during the design phase, and improves the real-time performance, accuracy, and traceability of carbon emissions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
Traditional carbon emission calculation methods are coarse-grained and have delayed updates, making it impossible to support real-time comparison during the design phase. They also ignore the negative carbon value during the demolition and recycling phase, making it difficult to achieve a refined, dynamically updated carbon footprint traceability and visualization throughout the entire process from raw materials to individual buildings.
A residential building carbon traceability calculation system based on a three-level coding chain is adopted, including a data layer, a modeling layer, an interaction layer, and an output layer. Layered calculations are performed through element carbon calculators, component carbon calculators, and individual building carbon calculators, and the three-level coding chain is used for correlation to achieve accurate tracking from raw materials to components and then to individual buildings. The system also achieves second-level dynamic refresh visualization through a monitoring module and a rendering module.
It enables real-time carbon quantification and visualization throughout the entire process from raw materials to individual buildings, at the component level, supports real-time comparison during the design phase, improves the real-time performance, accuracy, visualization, and traceability of carbon emission tracking, and reduces transaction costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN121808173A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of building carbon emission metering technology, and specifically discloses a residential building carbon element tracking and calculation system and method based on a three-level coding chain. Background Technology
[0002] Under the dual-carbon strategy, the accurate measurement and real-time management of carbon emission data for residential buildings has become crucial. Traditional carbon emission calculation methods mostly use inventory methods, which can only provide total data at the ton CO2 level. These methods suffer from shortcomings such as coarse granularity, delayed updates, inability to support real-time comparison during the design phase, neglect of the negative carbon value during the demolition and recycling phase, and difficulty in achieving full-process, refined, dynamically updated carbon footprint traceability and visualization from raw materials and components to individual buildings. Consequently, they cannot meet the high requirements for the real-time performance, accuracy, visualization, and traceability of carbon emission calculations for residential buildings. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a residential building carbon traceability calculation system and method based on a three-level coding chain, which solves the problems of poor real-time performance, low accuracy, low visualization and poor traceability in existing residential building carbon emission traceability calculations.
[0004] The specific solution of the present invention is as follows: A residential building carbon tracking calculation system based on a three-level coding chain includes: a data layer, a modeling layer, an interaction layer, and an output layer connected in sequence; The data layer is used to store and retrieve various data. The modeling layer includes an elemental carbon calculator, a component carbon calculator, an individual carbon calculator, and a three-level coding chain. It is used to calculate carbon emissions hierarchically based on the data in the data layer through the elemental carbon calculator, component carbon calculator, and individual carbon calculator, and to link the carbon emissions at different levels through the three-level coding chain. The interaction layer is used to respond to changes in the calculation parameters of the modeling layer, triggering a recalculation of carbon emissions and updating the visualization results in real time; The output layer is used to generate results within the same second-level time window based on the carbon emissions output from the modeling layer.
[0005] Preferably, the elemental carbon calculator is used to calculate the carbon emissions of each raw material. The formula for calculating the carbon emissions of a raw material is as follows: , in, Let i be the carbon emissions of raw material i. This represents the net amount of raw material i used. The carbon emission factor of raw material i. This is the adjustment factor for the energy price index. This is a technical correction factor for the production line. This is a correction factor for the carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid.
[0006] Preferably, the component carbon calculator is used to calculate the carbon emissions of each component, and the formula for calculating the carbon emissions of a component is as follows: , in, Let J be the carbon emissions of component j. Let i be the quantity matrix of raw material i in component j. Let i be the carbon emissions of raw material i. Let be the loss coefficient of raw material i. Let k be the number of connectors k in component j. For the mass of connector k, The carbon emission factor of connector k. Let j be the transport distance of component j. Let j be the mass of component j. Carbon emission factor for transportation methods.
[0007] Preferably, the single-building carbon calculator is used to calculate the carbon emissions of a single building throughout its entire life cycle. The formula for calculating the carbon emissions of a single building throughout its entire life cycle is as follows: , Where P represents the carbon emissions of a single building throughout its entire life cycle; Let J be the sum of the carbon emissions of the j-th component; Carbon emissions during the operation of a single building; This refers to the carbon emissions during the demolition and recycling phase of a single building.
[0008] Preferably, the three-level coding chain includes: element code, component code, and single-item code; The element code includes the material category code, strength grade code, and region code; Component codes include element codes, floor codes, axis codes, and sequence codes; Individual codes include project codes and building codes.
[0009] Preferably, the data layer includes: Carbon emission factor library, BIM component library, meteorological and energy library, as well as interfaces for near real-time retrieval of external data: power grid carbon emission intensity, energy price, transportation factor, demolition and recycling rate, and EPD online download interface.
[0010] Preferably, the data layer also includes: Based on various external data, dynamic correction coefficients and their uncertainties are generated through Latin hypercube sampling. When the external data interface is disconnected and unavailable, the system's dynamic correction coefficients automatically revert to the most recent valid value and reduce the uncertainty.
[0011] Preferably, the interaction layer includes: The module consists of a listener module, a local queue module, and a rendering module. The listener module is also hooked to the Revit API, EnergyPlus output, and UI controls. When the monitoring module detects a change in the calculation parameters of the modeling layer, it generates an event packet by setting a fixed-length byte key value for the three-level encoding chain; The local queue module caches event packets in chronological order through the ZeroMQ local queue. The edge processor pops the event packets within the time threshold and calls the element carbon calculator, component carbon calculator, and individual carbon calculator to recalculate the carbon emissions and obtain the carbon emissions recalculation result. The rendering module triggers Revit component color changes, WebGL heatmap refreshes, and mobile alerts by recalculating carbon emissions and writing them back to shared memory.
[0012] Preferred results include: Automatically generate carbon footprint reports in both PDF and JSON formats locally; Revit and IFC models that embed carbon emissions; Encrypted digests are transmitted externally via encrypted MQTT, HTTPS, and blockchain notarization interfaces, while the original data is stored locally.
[0013] This invention also relates to a method for calculating carbon traceability of residential buildings based on a three-level coding chain, used in the aforementioned system for calculating carbon traceability of residential buildings based on a three-level coding chain, comprising: Data can be retrieved from local storage through the data layer and external data can be fetched in near real-time. Based on the data from the data layer, the modeling layer calculates carbon emissions in layers using elemental carbon calculators, component carbon calculators, and individual carbon calculators, and then links the carbon emissions at different levels through a three-level coding chain. By listening to changes in the calculation parameters of the modeling layer through the interaction layer, carbon emissions are recalculated and the visualization results are updated in real time. The output layer generates results within the same second-level time window based on the carbon emissions output by the modeling layer.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: This invention, through a data layer, modeling layer, interaction layer, and output layer deployed at edge nodes, achieves real-time, component-level, and real-time updated carbon quantification and visualization of the entire process from production to transportation, construction, operation, and demolition / recycling. It supports real-time comparison during the design phase, improving the real-time performance, accuracy, visualization, and traceability of residential building carbon emission tracking and calculation. Through elemental carbon calculators, component carbon calculators, and individual building carbon calculators, carbon emissions are calculated hierarchically. A three-level coding chain links the calculated carbon emissions layer by layer, enabling precise tracking from raw materials to components and then to individual buildings. This bolt-level granularity is significantly improved. The system improves the granularity at the building level by approximately 1000 times; it quantifies and writes the negative carbon value of the demolition and recycling stage into the calculation of carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle of a single building, supporting the generation of carbon assets on the day of demolition, thus improving accuracy and reducing transaction costs; through the listening module, local queue module, and rendering module of the interaction layer, it enables the recalculation of carbon emissions and real-time updates of visualization results when the calculation parameters of the modeling layer change, achieving second-level dynamic refresh and full-process visualization, with latency reduced by approximately 10,000 times; through the encrypted interface of the output layer, it only transmits encrypted digests externally, while the original data is stored locally, ensuring the security and sovereignty of carbon data. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a residential building carbon tracking calculation system based on a three-level coding chain, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for calculating carbon traceability in residential buildings based on a three-level coding chain, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0018] A residential building carbon tracking calculation system based on a three-level coding chain, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system comprises a data layer, a modeling layer, an interaction layer, and an output layer, connected sequentially. Deployed on edge nodes, the system ensures that the sovereignty and computation of core carbon elements remain local, thus guaranteeing data security and sovereignty.
[0019] By deploying data, modeling, interaction, and output layers at edge nodes, carbon quantification and visualization of the entire process from production to transportation, construction, operation, demolition, and recycling, at the component level, and with real-time updates, are realized. This supports real-time comparison during the design phase and improves the real-time performance, accuracy, visualization, and traceability of carbon emission tracking calculations for residential buildings.
[0020] 1. Data Layer The data layer is responsible for acquiring and storing various data, providing effective and reliable data support. The data layer includes three locally persistent databases, or three databases, and five external data interfaces, or five interfaces, used for near real-time retrieval of external data.
[0021] The three databases are a carbon emission factor database, a BIM component database, and a meteorological and energy database. The carbon emission factor database stores carbon emission factors for raw materials, including concrete, steel, and timber. The BIM component database stores components in the Building Information Model (BIM), including walls, doors, windows, columns, beams, and connectors, with connectors including bolts and welds. The meteorological and energy database stores dynamic energy data related to building operation energy consumption, including grid carbon emission factors, carbon emission coefficients for natural gas and biomass fuels, and coal carbon emission coefficients, which are automatically retrieved and added to the database at hourly frequencies.
[0022] The five external data interfaces are the power grid carbon emission intensity interface, energy price interface, transportation factor interface, dismantling and recycling rate interface, and EPD online download interface. The five types of external data that can be retrieved in near real-time through the five external data interfaces are power grid carbon emission intensity, energy price, transportation factor, dismantling and recycling rate, and EPD update data.
[0023] Based on various external data, dynamic correction coefficients λ and uncertainties u(λ) of the dynamic correction coefficients are generated through Latin hypercube sampling, expanding the carbon results from single-point values to confidence intervals. When the external data interface is disconnected and unavailable, the system's dynamic correction coefficients λ automatically revert to the most recent valid value and reduce the uncertainty, ensuring offline calculation capability and indicating a decrease in accuracy. After the network is restored, resampling is performed immediately, and λ and u(λ) are updated almost in real time, achieving offline availability and online accuracy.
[0024] Latin hypercube sampling is a stratified sampling technique that approximates random sampling from a multivariate parameter distribution. This method divides each variable into M equally probable intervals, with each hyperplane perpendicular to the axis containing at most one sample point, and all variables having the same number of interval divisions.
[0025] All three databases and five external data interfaces have trust levels and timestamps, as shown in Table 1.
[0026]
[0027] Near real-time external data retrieval refers to the process of continuously acquiring the latest data from external data sources with low latency (usually from a few seconds to a few minutes), emphasizing the timeliness and near real-time availability of the data.
[0028] The carbon emission factor of raw materials refers to the amount of carbon emissions generated per unit of raw material.
[0029] Grid carbon emission intensity refers to the amount of carbon dioxide emissions generated per unit of electricity consumption.
[0030] The transport factor refers to the amount of carbon emissions generated by different modes of transport.
[0031] The dismantling and recycling rate refers to the proportion of products or materials that can be effectively recycled and reused when dismantled and recycled at the end of the product life cycle.
[0032] EPD update data specifies the periodic updates to the product lifecycle environmental data in the Environmental Product Declaration, or updates to the product environmental data in the Environmental Product Declaration in response to changes, to ensure the continued accuracy and timeliness of product environmental information.
[0033] The credibility levels are divided into three grades: A, B, and C. These grades are used as "weighting coefficients" or "amplification / degradation factors" for subsequent uncertainty propagation. Grade A represents carbon emission factors legally mandated by the state or government, with a default uncertainty value of ≤±5%, the highest sampling weight, and no downgrading during network outages. Grade B represents carbon emission factors legally mandated by the province or industry, with a default uncertainty value of ≈±5–10%, the second highest weight, and can be amplified by 1.2 times u(λ) during network outages. Grade C represents carbon emission factors inferred from literature or models, with a default uncertainty value of ≈±10–20%, the lowest weight, and can be amplified by 1.5 times u(λ) during network outages, and is marked "lower data quality" in the report.
[0034] 2. Modeling layer The modeling layer is used to calculate carbon emissions layer by layer based on the data obtained from the data layer and to associate carbon emissions at different levels. That is, it calculates carbon emissions layer by layer by aggregating them from raw materials (i.e., elements) to components and then to individual buildings. Then, it uses a three-level coding chain to associate and trace the carbon emissions of raw materials, components and individual buildings at each level. The modeling layer includes element carbon calculator, component carbon calculator, individual building carbon calculator, and a three-level coding chain for associating the carbon emissions of raw materials, components and individual buildings throughout their entire life cycle.
[0035] The Element Carbon Calculator (ECC) is used to calculate the carbon emissions of each raw material. Input the net usage (kg), carbon emission factor (kg CO2e / kg), and dynamic correction coefficient of the raw material into the Element Carbon Calculator. After processing, the calculator outputs the carbon emissions of the raw material. Dynamic correction coefficients include energy price index correction coefficients, regional power grid carbon emission intensity correction coefficients, and production line technology correction coefficients.
[0036] The formula for calculating the carbon emissions of raw materials is: , in, Let i be the carbon emissions of raw material i. This represents the net amount of raw material i used. The carbon emission factor of raw material i. This is the adjustment factor for the energy price index. This is a technical correction factor for the production line. This is a correction factor for the carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid.
[0037] The Component Carbon Calculator (CCC) is used to calculate the carbon emissions of each component. The carbon emissions of raw materials, the geometric parameters of the component, the carbon emission factors of connectors, the transportation distance and transportation method carbon emission factors are input into the Component Carbon Calculator. After processing, the calculator outputs the carbon emissions of the component. The geometric parameters of the component include component volume, component area, and component density. The formula for calculating the carbon emissions of components is: , in, Let J be the carbon emissions of component j. Let i be the quantity matrix of raw material i in component j. Let i be the carbon emissions of raw material i. Let be the loss coefficient of raw material i. Let k be the number of connectors k in component j. For the mass of connector k, The carbon emission factor of connector k. Let j be the transport distance of component j. Let j be the mass of component j. Carbon emission factor for transportation methods.
[0038] By calculating the carbon emissions of raw materials and components in a tiered manner, bolt-level particle size is achieved, which is about 1,000 times larger than the traditional building-level particle size.
[0039] The Individual Carbon Calculator (BCC) is used to calculate the carbon emissions of an individual building throughout its entire life cycle. The calculator inputs the carbon emissions of all components, the carbon emissions during the building's operation phase, and the carbon emissions during the building's demolition and recycling phase. After processing by the calculator, it outputs the carbon emissions of the individual building throughout its entire life cycle, as shown in Table 2.
[0040]
[0041] Where, ΣC This represents the sum of carbon emissions from all components in stages A1-A3 (raw materials + production), expressed in kgCO2e.
[0042] ΣC Transport is the sum of carbon emissions from the transportation of all components from the factory gate to the construction site, expressed in kg CO2e (which has been calculated separately and then included in CCC).
[0043] E_site×GridFactor represents the carbon emissions during Phase A5 construction, in kg CO2e; E_site represents the electricity consumption for on-site machinery, lighting, etc., during construction, in kWh; GridFactor represents the provincial power grid carbon emission factor for the year of construction, in kg CO2e / kWh.
[0044] E_plus×GridFactor×y represents the carbon emissions during Phase B6 operation, in kg CO2e; E_plus represents the annual electricity consumption obtained from EnergyPlus hourly energy consumption simulation, in kWh / a; GridFactor represents the grid carbon emission factor for the corresponding year, in kg CO2e / kWh, which can be updated annually; y represents the design operating life, which is 50 years in this table.
[0045] E_demo×GridFactor–AvoidedEF represents the net carbon emissions for the C1-C4 phase, in kg CO2e; E_demo represents the electricity consumption for dismantling machinery, in kWh; GridFactor represents the grid carbon emission factor for the year of dismantling, in kg CO2e / kWh; AvoidedEF represents the carbon emissions avoided by recycling steel / aluminum to replace virgin materials, in kg CO2e, calculated as η_recycle×m_material×EF_substitute.
[0046] Cradle-to-gate is a boundary-setting method for life cycle assessment (LCA), referring to the stage from raw material extraction to factory delivery of a product.
[0047] gate-to-site refers to the process of transporting raw materials or components from the factory gate to the construction site.
[0048] The on-site work schedule is a core document used on construction sites to record the usage of machinery and equipment. It is mainly used to calculate machinery operation time, work content, cost accounting, and progress management.
[0049] EnergyPlus_IDF refers to the core input file format of the building energy simulation software (EnergyPlus). It is used to define all the data required by the building energy simulation software, including building geometry, material properties, equipment settings, climate conditions, etc.
[0050] The formula for calculating the carbon emissions of a single building throughout its entire life cycle is as follows: , Where P represents the carbon emissions of a single building throughout its entire life cycle; Let J be the sum of the carbon emissions of the j-th component; The carbon emissions during the operation of a single building are calculated by multiplying the annual energy consumption by the grid carbon intensity using EnergyPlus simulation. This represents the carbon emissions during the demolition and recycling phase of a single building, calculated by subtracting the negative carbon emissions from the recycling from the total carbon emissions from demolition.
[0051] By quantifying and recording the negative carbon value during the demolition and recycling phase in real time, carbon assets can be generated on the day of demolition, improving accuracy and reducing transaction costs.
[0052] The three-level coding chain is the basic logical link for data flow and calculation in the entire modeling layer. It serves as the data backbone to closely link carbon emission data at different levels, namely, the carbon emission of raw materials, the carbon emission of components, and the carbon emission of a single building throughout its entire life cycle, so as to achieve accurate traceability of the entire chain.
[0053] The three-level coding chain includes element code (E-ID), component code (C-ID), and unit code (B-ID); the element code consists of a 2-digit material category code, a 2-digit strength grade code, and a 2-digit region code; the component code consists of a 6-digit element code, a 3-digit floor code, a 4-digit axis code, and a 3-digit sequence code; the unit code consists of a 6-digit project code and a 3-digit building number code. A three-level coding chain enables step-by-step tracking and data association from elements to components to individual buildings, ensuring that the calculation of each carbon emission has a clear source and destination.
[0054] 3. Interaction Layer The interaction layer is used to respond to changes in the calculation parameters of the modeling layer, triggering the recalculation of carbon emissions and updating the visualization results in real time, achieving end-to-end second-level closed loop. The entire process only occurs at the edge nodes, ensuring that the core carbon data does not leave the local physical boundary. The interaction layer includes a listening module, a local queue module, and a rendering module.
[0055] The monitoring module is hooked to Revit_API, EnergyPlus output, and UI controls. When it detects changes in the calculation parameters of the modeling layer, it generates an event packet by using a 14-byte fixed-length key value to generate a three-level encoding chain (E-ID / C-ID / B-ID), with a delay of ≤20ms.
[0056] Among them, Revit API is the application programming interface provided by Autodesk Revit software, which allows developers to access and manipulate Revit's internal model data, parameters and functions programmatically, thereby achieving software customization and automation.
[0057] UI controls are actionable building blocks in a graphical user interface (GUI) used to enable user interaction with software.
[0058] The local queue module is used for ordered scheduling of recalculation tasks. That is, the event packets are cached in time order through the ZeroMQ local queue. The edge processor pops them out within 100ms and calls the element carbon calculator, component carbon calculator, and individual carbon calculator to recalculate the carbon emissions and obtain the carbon emission recalculation result.
[0059] ZeroMQ local queues refer to local queues in the message passing library.
[0060] The rendering module is used to trigger Revit component color changes, WebGL heatmap refresh, and mobile terminal alerts after the carbon emission recalculation results are written back to shared memory. The response time from modifying the carbon emission of a single building throughout its entire life cycle to visualization is less than 1 second, with zero data landing in the cloud.
[0061] Through the listening module, local queue module, and rendering module of the interaction layer, carbon emissions are recalculated and the visualization results are updated in real time when the calculation parameters of the modeling layer change. This achieves second-level dynamic refresh, full-process visualization, and a reduction in latency of about 10,000 times. It realizes a closed loop of design-carbon emission iterative optimization and supports real-time comparison during the design phase.
[0062] 4. Output layer The output layer is deployed on edge nodes to encapsulate and deliver the carbon emissions output from the modeling layer. It uses a 14-byte fixed-length primary key B-ID as the root index and generates results within the same second-level time window. The result consists of one report, two models, and three interfaces.
[0063] One report refers to the automatic generation of carbon footprint reports in both PDF and JSON formats locally; The two models refer to the Revit model and the IFC model that embed carbon emissions, and achieve synchronized display of colors and values; The three interfaces refer to the use of encrypted MQTT, HTTPS, and blockchain notarization interfaces to transmit encrypted digests only to the outside world, while the original data is stored locally, with the entire process taking less than 3 seconds.
[0064] The encrypted interface of the output layer only transmits encrypted digests to external systems, while the original data is stored locally, ensuring the security and sovereignty of carbon data.
[0065] This invention also relates to a method for calculating carbon traceability in residential buildings based on a three-level coding chain, used in the aforementioned system for calculating carbon traceability in residential buildings based on a three-level coding chain, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes: Data can be retrieved from local storage through the data layer and external data can be fetched in near real-time. Based on the data from the data layer, the modeling layer calculates carbon emissions in layers using elemental carbon calculators, component carbon calculators, and individual carbon calculators, and then links the carbon emissions at different levels through a three-level coding chain. By listening to changes in the calculation parameters of the modeling layer through the interaction layer, carbon emissions are recalculated and the visualization results are updated in real time. The output layer generates results within the same second-level time window based on the carbon emissions output by the modeling layer.
[0066] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A residential building carbon traceability calculation system based on a three-level coding chain, characterized in that, include: The data layer, modeling layer, interaction layer, and output layer are connected sequentially. The data layer is used to store and retrieve various data; The modeling layer includes an elemental carbon calculator, a component carbon calculator, a single-unit carbon calculator, and a three-level coding chain. It is used to calculate carbon emissions in layers based on the data in the data layer, using the elemental carbon calculator, component carbon calculator, and single-unit carbon calculator, and to associate the carbon emissions at different levels through the three-level coding chain. The interaction layer is used to respond to changes in the calculation parameters of the modeling layer, triggering a recalculation of carbon emissions and updating the visualization results in real time. The output layer is used to generate results within the same second-level time window based on the carbon emissions output by the modeling layer.
2. The residential building carbon traceability calculation system based on a three-level coding chain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elemental carbon calculator is used to calculate the carbon emissions of each raw material. The formula for calculating the carbon emissions of each raw material is as follows: ， in, Let i be the carbon emissions of raw material i. This represents the net amount of raw material i used. The carbon emission factor of raw material i. This is the adjustment factor for the energy price index. This is a technical correction factor for the production line. This is a correction factor for the carbon emission intensity of the regional power grid.
3. The residential building carbon traceability calculation system based on a three-level coding chain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The component carbon calculator is used to calculate the carbon emissions of each component. The formula for calculating the carbon emissions of a component is as follows: ， in, Let J be the carbon emissions of component j. Let i be the quantity matrix of raw material i in component j. Let i be the carbon emissions of raw material i. Let be the loss coefficient of raw material i. Let k be the number of connectors k in component j. For the mass of connector k, The carbon emission factor of connector k. Let j be the transport distance of component j. Let j be the mass of component j. Carbon emission factor for transportation methods.
4. The residential building carbon traceability calculation system based on a three-level coding chain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-building carbon calculator is used to calculate the carbon emissions of a single building throughout its entire life cycle. The formula for calculating the carbon emissions of a single building throughout its entire life cycle is as follows: ， Where P represents the carbon emissions of a single building throughout its entire life cycle; Let J be the sum of the carbon emissions of the j-th component; Carbon emissions during the operation of a single building; This refers to the carbon emissions during the demolition and recycling phase of a single building.
5. A residential building carbon traceability calculation system based on a three-level coding chain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-level coding chain includes: element code, component code, and single-unit code; The element code includes a material category code, a strength grade code, and a region code; The component code includes element code, floor code, axis code, and sequence code; The individual unit code includes the project code and the building number code.
6. A residential building carbon traceability calculation system based on a three-level coding chain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data layer includes: Carbon emission factor library, BIM component library, meteorological and energy library, as well as interfaces for near real-time retrieval of external data: power grid carbon emission intensity, energy price, transportation factor, demolition and recycling rate, and EPD online download interface.
7. A residential building carbon traceability calculation system based on a three-level coding chain according to claim 6, characterized in that, The data layer also includes: Based on various external data, dynamic correction coefficients and their uncertainties are generated through Latin hypercube sampling. When the external data interface is disconnected and unavailable, the system's dynamic correction coefficients automatically revert to the most recent valid value and reduce the uncertainty.
8. A residential building carbon traceability calculation system based on a three-level coding chain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interaction layer includes a listening module, a local queue module, and a rendering module. The listening module is also hooked to Revit_API, EnergyPlus output, and UI controls. When the monitoring module detects a change in the calculation parameters of the modeling layer, it generates an event packet by setting a fixed-length byte key value for the three-level encoding chain; The local queue module caches event packets in chronological order through the ZeroMQ local queue. The edge processor pops the event packets within the time threshold and calls the element carbon calculator, component carbon calculator, and individual carbon calculator to recalculate the carbon emissions and obtain the carbon emissions recalculation result. The rendering module triggers Revit component color changes, WebGL heatmap refreshes, and mobile alerts by recalculating carbon emissions and writing them back to shared memory.
9. A residential building carbon traceability calculation system based on a three-level coding chain according to claim 1, characterized in that, The results include: Automatically generate carbon footprint reports in both PDF and JSON formats locally; Revit and IFC models that embed carbon emissions; Encrypted digests are transmitted externally via encrypted MQTT, HTTPS, and blockchain notarization interfaces, while the original data is stored locally.
10. A method for calculating carbon traceability in residential buildings based on a three-level coding chain, characterized in that, A residential building carbon tracking calculation system based on a three-level coding chain, as described in any one of claims 1-9, comprises: Data can be retrieved from local storage through the data layer and external data can be fetched in near real-time. Based on the data from the data layer, the modeling layer calculates carbon emissions in layers using elemental carbon calculators, component carbon calculators, and individual carbon calculators, and then links the carbon emissions at different levels through a three-level coding chain. By listening to changes in the calculation parameters of the modeling layer through the interaction layer, carbon emissions are recalculated and the visualization results are updated in real time. The output layer generates results within the same second-level time window based on the carbon emissions output by the modeling layer.