Helicopter cockpit bulletproof armor protection capability quantitative estimation and lightweight arrangement method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a helicopter cockpit bulletproof armor protection capability quantitative estimation and lightweight arrangement method and device, and the method comprises the steps: enabling the boundary of each bulletproof armor to be projected to four semispherical surfaces of a ball with the radius being R by taking a preset central point in a helicopter cockpit as a reference point, the projection areas of the bulletproof armor on the upper front hemisphere, the upper rear hemisphere, the lower front hemisphere and the lower rear hemisphere are obtained, and the protection capacity of the bulletproof armor is determined according to the projection areas of the bulletproof armor; according to the protection capability of each bulletproof armor, determining the protection capability of the bulletproof armor arrangement scheme to a driver; according to the method, the protection capability of the bulletproof armor to a driver can be quantitatively calculated, the arrangement of the bulletproof armor in a helicopter cockpit can be guided, and the maximum protection effect can be obtained at the minimum weight cost, so that the lightweight design of the bulletproof armor is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of helicopter structural design, specifically relating to a method and device for quantitatively estimating the bulletproof armor protection capability of a helicopter cockpit and for lightweight arrangement. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing complexity of modern flight environments, helicopter survivability has become a key research focus in the aviation field. Helicopter survivability design is a complex systems engineering project, requiring a trade-off and optimization between protection capabilities, weight costs, and performance losses. How to achieve optimal protection with limited weight costs through scientific and rational design methods has long been a technical challenge in the aviation industry. Among these challenges, the cockpit, as the core component of the helicopter, directly affects the pilot's safety and the success of combat missions.

[0003] Using bulletproof armor in the helicopter cockpit to enhance the helicopter's resistance to bullets is an important means of improving pilot survivability. However, existing research has not yet reached a complete solution on the following two key issues: 1) The quantitative evaluation method for the protective effect of bulletproof armor is still imperfect: Currently, the evaluation of the protective effect of bulletproof armor is mostly based on experience, and there is a lack of a scientific and systematic theoretical model and calculation method to quantitatively analyze the improvement value of bulletproof armor to driver survivability. This qualitative evaluation method is difficult to accurately guide the deployment of bulletproof armor and judge the advantages and disadvantages of different bulletproof armor deployments.

[0004] 2) Lack of lightweight design methods for ballistic armor: Although lightweight design of ballistic armor is a key direction for improving helicopter combat performance, existing research often focuses on a single aspect (such as material selection or structural optimization), lacking research on the arrangement of ballistic armor. How to achieve the minimum weight cost while meeting protection requirements and ensuring maximum protection effect remains a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the aforementioned technical challenges by proposing a method and apparatus for quantitatively estimating and lightweighting the protective capability of bulletproof armor in helicopter cockpits. It not only quantitatively estimates the protective capability of bulletproof armor for the pilot but also identifies the optimal arrangement of the cockpit's bulletproof armor, thereby achieving maximum protection with minimal weight loss—that is, realizing lightweight design of the bulletproof armor. Furthermore, this method can evaluate the merits of various bulletproof armor arrangement schemes, serving as a method for balancing survivability benefits and weight costs in helicopter survivability design.

[0006] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for quantitatively estimating the ballistic armor protection capability of a helicopter cockpit, comprising: S1. Determine the boundaries of n bulletproof armor units in the bulletproof armor layout scheme, where n is a positive integer; S2. Project the boundaries of each bulletproof armor to the four hemispheres of a sphere with radius R, using the preset center point in the helicopter cockpit as the reference point, to obtain the projected areas S1, S2, S3, S4 of the bulletproof armor in the upper front hemisphere, upper rear hemisphere, lower front hemisphere, and lower rear hemisphere. S3. Determine the protective capability of the bulletproof armor based on its projected areas. ; S4. Based on the protective capabilities of each ballistic armor. Determine the impact of the bulletproof armor layout on the driver's protection capabilities. ; in, , , , , This indicates the percentage of the upper front hemisphere, upper rear hemisphere, lower front hemisphere, and lower rear hemisphere that were hit. The value of h is a positive integer from 1 to n. This indicates the protective capability of the h-th bulletproof armor.

[0007] Optional, =5%, =5%, =50%, =40%.

[0008] Optionally, when the number of pilots in the cockpit is d, S3 and S4 include: Using the center of each driver as a preset center point, determine the protective capability of each bulletproof armor for each driver; according to Determine the overall protection capability of the bulletproof armor layout for all drivers. ; Where d takes the value of a positive integer greater than 1, and K takes the value of a positive integer from 1 to d. This represents the protective capability of the h-th bulletproof armor against the k-th driver; is the weighting coefficient for the k-th driver.

[0009] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for lightweight arrangement of bulletproof armor in a helicopter cockpit, the method comprising: S01. Determine the number of bulletproof armor plates, m, in the area where bulletproof armor can be deployed in the cockpit. S02. Determine the protective capabilities of each of the m bulletproof armor pieces. ; S03, According to the formula Let D be the protective effectiveness of each of the m bulletproof armors; A is the area of ​​each of the m bulletproof armors. S04. Sort the protective effectiveness D of m bulletproof armor pieces from high to low, and determine the final bulletproof armor arrangement scheme with the overall weight requirement as a constraint. S05. Based on the protective capabilities of each ballistic armor piece in the final ballistic armor layout plan. To determine the final bulletproof armor layout and its protective capabilities for the driver. ; Among them, the protective capabilities of each type of bulletproof armor and the protective capabilities of the final ballistic armor layout The evaluation shall be conducted using the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0010] Optionally, when there are d pilots in the cockpit, the protective capability of each ballistic armor for each pilot. The assessment of the overall protective capability of the final ballistic armor arrangement adopts the method described in the first aspect; correspondingly, after S03, the method further includes: For any bulletproof armor, according to To determine the overall protective effectiveness of bulletproof armor for all drivers. ; in, This indicates the protective effectiveness of the bulletproof armor for the k-th driver.

[0011] Optionally, determine the number m of ballistic armor plates in the area where ballistic armor can be deployed in the cockpit, including: Based on the layout of fixed structures and equipment in the cockpit and the motion envelope of moving parts in the cockpit, without considering the weight limit of the bulletproof armor, the area where the bulletproof armor can be arranged in the cockpit, as well as the position, shape and size of each piece of bulletproof armor, are determined. Count the number of bulletproof armor plates (m).

[0012] A third aspect of the present invention provides a device for quantitatively estimating the ballistic armor protection capability of a helicopter cockpit, for performing the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0013] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a lightweight arrangement device for bulletproof armor in a helicopter cockpit, for performing the method as described in any one of the second aspects.

[0014] This invention provides a method and apparatus for quantitatively estimating and lightweighting the protective capability of bulletproof armor in a helicopter cockpit. It considers the probability of each hemisphere of the helicopter being hit in reality, making the calculations more realistic and accurate. It enables maximum protection and lightweight overall design. It can quantitatively calculate the protective capability of each piece of bulletproof armor for the pilot. This invention can quantitatively calculate the protective effectiveness of each piece of bulletproof armor for the pilot. It is applicable to calculating the protection capability and effectiveness for multiple pilots. The method for calculating protection capability and effectiveness in this invention is not limited by the shape and thickness of the bulletproof armor, making it widely applicable. The method and apparatus for quantitatively calculating and lightweighting the protective capability of bulletproof armor in a helicopter cockpit proposed in this invention can not only quantitatively calculate the protective capability of bulletproof armor for the pilot, but also guide the arrangement of bulletproof armor in the helicopter cockpit, achieving maximum protection effect with minimal weight loss, thus realizing lightweight design of bulletproof armor. At the same time, this method can also evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of various bulletproof armor arrangement schemes, and can serve as a judgment method for weighing survivability benefits and weight costs in helicopter survivability design. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method for quantitatively calculating the lightweight layout and protective capability of the helicopter cockpit bulletproof armor in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical partitioning in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bulletproof armor in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The features and illustrative embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described in detail. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced without requiring some of these specific details. The following description of embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the invention by illustrating examples of the invention. The invention is by no means limited to any specific setups and methods set forth below, but covers any improvements, substitutions, and modifications to structures, methods, and devices without departing from the spirit of the invention. Well-known structures and techniques are not shown in the drawings and the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing and simplifying the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the use of ordinal numbers (e.g., "first and second," etc.) is for distinguishing objects and is not limited to this order, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly, encompassing both direct connection and indirect connection via an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other, and the various embodiments can be referenced and cited in each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0023] The following explanation, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the quantitative estimation of the bulletproof armor protection capability of the helicopter cockpit and the lightweight arrangement method provided by this invention.

[0024] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a method for quantitatively estimating the ballistic armor protection capability of a helicopter cockpit and for lightweighting its layout includes: 1) Determine the area where the bulletproof armor in the cockpit can be deployed and the maximum boundary of each piece of bulletproof armor; 2) Determine the calculation method for the protective capability and effectiveness of a single piece of bulletproof armor; 3) Calculate the protective effectiveness of each bulletproof armor; 4) Determine the final bulletproof armor layout based on the overall weight requirements; 5) Calculate the protection capability of the final bulletproof armor layout for the driver.

[0025] For example, determining the deployable area of ​​the cockpit ballistic armor and the maximum boundaries of each ballistic armor piece includes: Based on the layout of fixed structures and equipment in the cockpit and the motion envelope of moving parts in the cockpit, without considering the weight limitations of the bulletproof armor, the areas where bulletproof armor can be arranged in the cockpit, as well as the position, shape, and size of each piece of bulletproof armor, are preliminarily determined.

[0026] For example, the method for determining the protective capability and protective effectiveness of a single piece of ballistic armor is described. In this paper, protective capability refers to the improvement in driver survivability, and protective effectiveness refers to the protective capability per unit area of ​​ballistic armor, including: Step 1: Construct a sphere with the pilot's center as the center, and determine the radius R of the sphere to ensure that the sphere covers the entire cockpit. This sphere encompasses all areas where the pilot may be attacked. Here, the sphere is divided into an upper forward hemisphere, an upper rear hemisphere, a lower forward hemisphere, and a lower rear hemisphere, corresponding to the four attack directions of the helicopter: upper front, upper rear, lower front, and lower rear, respectively.

[0027] Step 2: The probability P of each hemisphere of the helicopter being hit i The possible values ​​are as follows: Upper hemisphere =5%; Upper and rear hemispheres =5%; Lower front hemisphere =50%; Lower hemisphere =40%; Step 3: Project the bulletproof armor onto four hemispheres with the driver's center as the reference point. The ratio of each projected area to the area of ​​the hemisphere is then calculated. Formula 1 In the formula, S1, S2, S3, and S4 represent the projected areas of the bulletproof armor in the upper front hemisphere, upper rear hemisphere, lower front hemisphere, and lower rear hemisphere, respectively, and R is the radius of the sphere.

[0028] Step 4: After deploying this bulletproof armor, the probability of the driver being hit on each hemisphere can be obtained as follows: Formula 2 This assumes that the bullet trajectory is straight and that the bulletproof armor is not penetrated when hit by the bullet. That is, when the bullet is fired from the projection area of ​​the bulletproof armor, the bullet will be stopped by the bulletproof armor, ensuring that the driver will not be hit by the bullet.

[0029] Step 5: The protective capability of this bulletproof armor for the driver can be obtained as follows. Formula 3 Step 6: The protective effectiveness of the bulletproof armor can then be obtained as follows: Formula 4 In the formula, A is the area of ​​the bulletproof armor.

[0030] Step 7: For multiple protected targets, such as multiple drivers, calculate the protective capability P of the bulletproof armor for each driver separately using steps 1-6. SK and protective effectiveness D K .

[0031] Step 8: The overall protective effectiveness of the bulletproof armor can be obtained using the linear weighted method. Formula 5 In the formula, β is the weighting coefficient of each protected object, and d is the number of protected objects.

[0032] For example, the final ballistic armor layout is determined based on the overall weight requirements of the aircraft, including: When there is only one pilot, the protective effectiveness of each piece of bulletproof armor is compared and ranked. With the weight requirement of the whole machine as a constraint, a set of bulletproof armor with the highest protective effectiveness (the number of which is n) is selected, so as to achieve the goal of maximizing the protection capability and the lightweight design of the whole machine.

[0033] For example, when there are multiple drivers, the overall protective effectiveness of each piece of bulletproof armor is compared and ranked. With the weight requirement of the whole machine as a constraint, a set of bulletproof armor with the highest protective effectiveness (the number of which is n) is selected, thereby achieving the goal of maximizing protection capability and lightweight design of the whole machine.

[0034] For example, calculating the driver protection capability of the final ballistic armor arrangement includes: For a single driver, steps 1-5 of the calculation method for the protective capability and effectiveness of ballistic armor are used to calculate the protective capability P of each of the n ballistic armor pieces for the driver in the final ballistic armor arrangement. Sh By summing these values, the final result shows the protective capability of all bulletproof armor plates in this armor layout scheme for the driver. Formula Six Similarly, when there are multiple drivers, the protective capability P of n bulletproof armor plates for each driver in the final bulletproof armor arrangement can be obtained. SKh By summing these values, the overall protective capability of all bulletproof armor plates in this armored configuration for all drivers can be obtained as follows: Formula 7.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the present invention proposes a method for quantitatively estimating and lightweighting the bulletproof armor protection capability of a helicopter cockpit. This method can obtain the globally optimal bulletproof armor arrangement with minimal weight loss, and simultaneously quantitatively estimate the protective capability of the bulletproof armor arrangement for the pilot. Figure 1 As shown, the main steps are as follows: First, when deploying armor, the layout of fixed structures and equipment in the cockpit and the motion envelope of moving parts in the cockpit must be considered, while also taking into account human-machine interface.

[0036] For example, bulletproof armor is installed on the cockpit floor and all four sides, with each piece of armor reaching its maximum boundary. It's understandable that when bulletproof armor is installed at the footrests, its maximum boundary must not interfere with the driver's operation; when bulletproof armor is installed at the control levers, it must ensure that the driver will not collide with the armor under extreme operating conditions. Without considering weight limitations of the bulletproof armor, the initial determination of the number of bulletproof armor pieces (m) in the cockpit, as well as the location, shape, and size of each piece, is made.

[0037] Second, the protective effectiveness of each piece of bulletproof armor in the cockpit is calculated according to the method for calculating the protective effectiveness of a single piece of bulletproof armor proposed in this invention. The main steps are as follows: (1) Construct a sphere with the pilot's center as the center, and determine the radius R of the sphere to ensure that the sphere can cover all the bulletproof armor inside the cockpit. Divide the sphere into an upper front hemisphere, an upper rear hemisphere, a lower front hemisphere, and a lower rear hemisphere, corresponding to the four attack directions of the helicopter: upper front, upper rear, lower front, and lower rear, respectively. Figure 2 As shown.

[0038] (2) Project all the bulletproof armor in the cockpit onto the four hemispheres with the driver's center as the reference point, such as Figure 3 As shown, the projected area S of each piece of bulletproof armor on the four hemispheres can then be obtained. Li .

[0039] (3) Given the probability P of each hemisphere being hit and the area A of each bulletproof armor piece. L The projected area S of each bulletproof armor piece on the four quarter-sphere surfaces Li And the radius R of the sphere.

[0040] With a single driver, the protective effectiveness of each bulletproof armor piece can be obtained according to Formulas 1-4. L =1,2,…m (m is the number of bulletproof armor plates) When there are multiple drivers, according to Types 1-3 and Type 5, the overall protective effectiveness of each bulletproof armor piece can be obtained as follows:

[0041] Third, based on the protective effectiveness D of each piece of bulletproof armor. L Or overall protective effectiveness D SL Based on the overall weight requirements, n pieces of bulletproof armor with the highest protective effectiveness are selected to determine the optimal bulletproof armor arrangement scheme in the cockpit.

[0042] Fourth, the probability P of each hemisphere being hit is known. i The projected area S of n bulletproof armor pieces on four quarter-sphere surfaces hi And the radius R of the sphere.

[0043] With a single driver, according to Formulas 1-3 and Formula 6, the total protective capability of n bulletproof armor plates for the driver can be obtained as follows:

[0044] When there are multiple drivers, according to Formulas 1-3 and Formula 7, the total comprehensive protection capability of n bulletproof armor plates for the driver can be obtained as follows: .

[0045] The above detailed embodiments are a description of the present invention. It should not be considered that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions and substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all of these should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for quantitatively estimating the bulletproof armor protection capability of a helicopter cockpit, characterized in that, include: S1. Determine the boundaries of n bulletproof armor units in the bulletproof armor layout scheme, where n is a positive integer; S2. Project the boundaries of each bulletproof armor to the four hemispheres of a sphere with radius R, using the preset center point in the helicopter cockpit as the reference point, to obtain the projected areas S1, S2, S3, S4 of the bulletproof armor in the upper front hemisphere, upper rear hemisphere, lower front hemisphere, and lower rear hemisphere. S3. Determine the protective capability of the bulletproof armor based on its projected areas. ; S4. Based on the protective capabilities of each ballistic armor. Determine the impact of the bulletproof armor layout on the driver's protection capabilities. ; in, , , , , This indicates the percentage of the upper front hemisphere, upper rear hemisphere, lower front hemisphere, and lower rear hemisphere that were hit. The value of h is a positive integer from 1 to n. This indicates the protective capability of the h-th bulletproof armor.

2. The method for quantitatively estimating the bulletproof armor protection capability of a helicopter cockpit according to claim 1, characterized in that, =5%， =5%， =50%， =40%。 3. The method for quantitatively estimating the bulletproof armor protection capability of a helicopter cockpit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When there are d pilots in the cockpit, S3 and S4 include: Using the center of each driver as a preset center point, determine the protective capability of each bulletproof armor for each driver; according to Determine the overall protection capability of the bulletproof armor layout for all drivers. ; Where d takes the value of a positive integer greater than 1, and K takes the value of a positive integer from 1 to d. This represents the protective capability of the h-th bulletproof armor against the k-th driver; is the weighting coefficient for the k-th driver.

4. A method for lightweighting the bulletproof armor layout of a helicopter cockpit, characterized in that, The method includes: S01. Determine the number of bulletproof armor plates, m, in the area where bulletproof armor can be deployed in the cockpit. S02. Determine the protective capabilities of each of the m bulletproof armor pieces. ; S03, According to the formula Let D be the protective effectiveness of each of the m bulletproof armors; A is the area of ​​each of the m bulletproof armors. S04. Sort the protective effectiveness D of m bulletproof armor pieces from high to low, and determine the final bulletproof armor arrangement scheme with the overall weight requirement as a constraint. S05. Based on the protective capabilities of each ballistic armor piece in the final ballistic armor layout plan. To determine the final bulletproof armor layout and its protective capabilities for the driver. ; Among them, the protective capabilities of each type of bulletproof armor and the protective capabilities of the final ballistic armor layout. The evaluation is conducted using the method described in any one of claims 1-2.

5. The lightweight arrangement method for bulletproof armor in a helicopter cockpit according to claim 4, characterized in that, When there are d pilots in the cockpit, what is the protective capability of each ballistic armor plate for each pilot? The assessment of the overall protective capability of the final ballistic armor arrangement scheme is performed using the method described in claim 3; correspondingly, after S03, the method further includes: For any bulletproof armor, according to To determine the overall protective effectiveness of bulletproof armor for all drivers. ; in, This indicates the protective effectiveness of the bulletproof armor for the k-th driver.

6. The method for lightweight arrangement of bulletproof armor in a helicopter cockpit according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, Determine the number m of ballistic armor plates (in meters) in the area where ballistic armor can be deployed in the cockpit, including: Based on the layout of fixed structures and equipment in the cockpit and the motion envelope of moving parts in the cockpit, without considering the weight limit of the bulletproof armor, the area where the bulletproof armor can be arranged in the cockpit, as well as the position, shape and size of each piece of bulletproof armor, are determined. Count the number of bulletproof armor plates, m.

7. A device for quantitatively estimating the bulletproof armor protection capability of a helicopter cockpit, characterized in that, Used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-3.

8. A lightweight arrangement device for bulletproof armor in a helicopter cockpit, characterized in that, Used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 4-6.

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