Peanut harvesting synchronous seedling and film separation device and working method

Abstract

The invention provides a synchronous seedling and film separation device for peanut harvesting and a working method, relates to the field of peanut harvesting, and aims to overcome the technical defect that a mulching film is torn in a large range due to the fact that plants and soil blocks carried by the plants strongly extrude film holes in conventional vertical or longitudinal digging actions. The stress logic of unearthed plants is changed through a lateral rotating mechanism driven by a main rotating roller, a film cutter rotating along with the main rotating roller is used for manufacturing notches in the sides of the plants in advance, and a channel is preset for the plants to be separated from mulching film constraint; the open bucket-shaped digging part is matched with lateral rotation action to drive plants to slide out in an arc shape towards the lateral direction along the lateral notches, direct impact and traction of the plants and soil blocks on the mulching film plane are effectively avoided, damage of unearthing action to film surface continuity is weakened, the carrying rate of peanut plants on broken mulching films is reduced, and the yield of the mulching films is improved. It is guaranteed that the rear film rolling roller can execute efficient and continuous rolling operation on the residual film with the relatively complete structure, and the crop harvesting cleanliness and the residual film recycling effect are both considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of peanut harvesting, and specifically to a peanut harvesting synchronous seedling film separation device and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] In peanut cultivation, plastic film entanglement affecting seedlings hinders the quality of mechanized harvesting, and residual film renders peanut vines unusable as feed. While the use of standard plastic film with a thickness of at least 0.01 mm is being promoted to increase recycling rates, field operations still commonly employ a discrete process of "first chopping the seedlings, then collecting the residual film." In this method, thinner residual film is easily fragmented, while thicker standard plastic film, lacking a synchronous stripping device adapted to its mechanical properties, often results in low operational efficiency. Even with standard plastic film, achieving efficient separation of seedlings and film at low cost remains a challenge.

[0003] Harvesting the seedlings before rolling up the residual film can reduce the difficulty of recycling the film. However, when harvesting peanuts, the digging trajectory is mostly a strong pull that is vertically upward or longitudinally backward. The direction of force directly conflicts with the horizontally laid mulch film. The size of the seedling emergence hole is much smaller than the size of the soil clods carried by the plant when it emerges from the ground. The pulling force generated by the plant carrying soil clods through the mulch film will tear the film surface, resulting in the peanut plant carrying broken mulch film. The mulch film is still difficult to separate afterward. At the same time, the torn film surface may further pull on the mulch film in other locations, causing the mulch film to tear and break on a large scale, making it difficult to carry out continuous rolling and recycling operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a peanut harvesting synchronous seedling film separation device and its working method, solving the problem of film tearing, and achieving efficient seedling film separation and continuous harvesting.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a peanut harvesting and vine-film separation device, comprising:

[0006] The main roller has its rotation axis parallel to the direction of travel of the device. The main roller is equipped with a film cutter that rotates with it to cut the mulch film laterally to form a lateral cut. The digging assembly includes a digging shovel and a retracting component installed on the outer periphery of the main rotating roller. The digging shovel has a comb-like structure, and the retracting component and the digging shovel together form an open bucket-shaped digging section, which rotates with the main rotating roller to pull the peanut plant laterally out of the mulch film along the lateral cut. The conveying component is located below the main roller and forms a conveying channel. The conveying channel is connected to the rotation trajectory of the digging shovel, and the conveying component can pass through the gap of the digging shovel's comb teeth to clamp and pull out the peanut plant inside the open bucket-shaped digging section. The film winding roller is positioned across the rear of the main rotating roller and is used to wind up the mulch film.

[0007] Furthermore, the gathering component includes a main supporting grain and side supporting grains. The main supporting grain is comb-shaped, and a digging shovel is installed at the end of the main supporting grain. The side supporting grains are connected to the main supporting grains and located on both sides of the digging shovel. A gathering groove for gathering peanut plants is formed between the side supporting grains and the main supporting grains.

[0008] Furthermore, the main support is installed on the main rotating roller via a connecting plate. The connecting plate is oscillatingly connected to the main rotating roller, and a buffer spring is provided at the connection position. The buffer spring is used to cause the open bucket-shaped digging part to vibrate during the rotation of the main rotating roller, so as to shake off the soil from the roots of the peanut plant.

[0009] Furthermore, the conveying assembly includes a conveying guide roller and a displacement guide roller. A conveying channel is formed between the two conveying guide rollers and between the two displacement guide rollers. One end of the conveying guide roller can be inserted into the open bucket-shaped digging part to clamp and convey the peanut plant stalk, and the other end is connected to the displacement guide roller.

[0010] Furthermore, the two displacement guide rollers intersect in space, and the conveying channel they form changes the direction of the peanut plants from vertical to lateral, thereby tilting the conveyed peanut plants and laying them on the ground in a lateral position.

[0011] Furthermore, the axis of the conveying guide roller is parallel to the gap between the comb teeth, so that the conveying guide roller is distributed laterally along the peanut planting ridge, and the displacement guide roller is distributed longitudinally along the peanut planting ridge.

[0012] Furthermore, the film-rolling roller is installed on the walking collection roller, which is set across the peanut planting ridge. The film-rolling roller is used to simultaneously roll up the mulch film in the area after the peanut plants have been removed.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotational speed of the main roller is adapted to the traveling speed of the device, so that the time for the digging component to complete one lateral pull-out action and rotate back to reset is less than the time required for the device to travel one row of plants, thereby enabling the open bucket-shaped digging part to be in the state of digging peanut plants when it travels to the position of the peanut plants.

[0014] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for operating a peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device, which utilizes the peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device of the first objective, comprising: The device moves along the peanut planting ridges, and the main rotating roller drives the film cutter to form lateral cuts on the plastic film on the side of the peanut plants; at the same time, the gathering component combs and gathers the stems and leaves of the peanut plants into the open bucket-shaped digging part. The main rotating roller continuously rotates, driving the digging component into the soil. Using the tangential force of the rotation trajectory, the open bucket-shaped digging part is driven to pull the peanut plant out laterally from under the mulch film along the lateral cut, thus achieving the physical separation of the peanut plant from the mulch film. When the open bucket-shaped digging section rotates with the main rotating roller to the connection point of the lower conveying channel, the conveying component enters the open bucket-shaped digging section through the gap of the digging shovel's comb teeth, clamps the peanut plant stalks inside, and pulls the peanut plant out of the digging component and transfers it to the conveying channel. After conveying the peanut plant, the end of the conveying component passes through the gap of the digging shovel's comb teeth. The conveying assembly transports and lays the peanut plants backward along the direction of travel of the device; at the same time, the film-winding roller moves with the device and synchronously winds up the bare mulch film formed after the plants are pulled out.

[0015] Furthermore, after the conveying component grabs the peanut plant inside the open bucket-shaped excavation section, it first conveys it laterally to the outside of the excavation shovel's coverage area, and then conveys it backward along the device's travel direction.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are: To address the technical shortcomings of conventional vertical or longitudinal excavation operations that cause extensive tearing of the mulch film due to the strong pressure of plants and their accompanying soil clods on the film pores, a lateral rotation mechanism driven by the main roller alters the force logic of plant emergence. A film cutter rotating with the main roller creates a pre-cut on the side of the plant, providing a channel for the plant to detach from the mulch film. Because the planting ridge is raised in the middle, the lateral cut does not disrupt the longitudinal continuity of the mulch film, meeting the requirements for continuous winding. The open bucket-shaped excavation section, in conjunction with the lateral rotation, drives the plant to slide out laterally in an arc along the lateral cut, effectively avoiding direct impact and pulling of the plant and soil clods on the mulch film plane, thus mitigating the damage to the film surface continuity caused by the emergence process. Meanwhile, the comb-like structure of the digging shovel and the spatial interweaving design of the conveying components solve the dynamic interference problem between the rotating digging trajectory and the fixed conveying path. This ensures that the plants are smoothly transferred from the digging section to the conveying channel while maintaining an orderly posture. While achieving effective spatial decoupling between the plants and the mulch film, it reduces the carrying rate of broken mulch film by the peanut plants. This ensures that the rear film-winding roller can perform efficient and continuous winding operations on the relatively intact residual film, taking into account both crop harvesting cleanliness and residual film recycling effect.

[0017] By precisely matching the rotational speed of the main roller with the travel speed of the device, the rotational cycle of the digging component and the displacement cycle of the plant row spacing are matched on the time scale. This ensures that the action cycle of the digging part is shorter than the travel cycle, guaranteeing that the digging shovel can accurately capture the target plant in each action cycle. This avoids mechanical collisions or empty harvesting caused by speed mismatch, and improves the reliability and field operation efficiency of the device in continuous operation environments.

[0018] By parallelizing the axis of the conveyor guide roller with the spacing of the digging shovel teeth, the conveying and digging components are staggered. The gap formed by the teeth serves as a dynamic clearance space for the conveying mechanism, allowing the guide roller to penetrate deep into the digging section for real-time gripping. This resolves the spatial conflict between components moving in opposite directions, enabling a smooth transition of the plant from circular to linear motion and reducing the seedling blockage rate during transport.

[0019] A swing point and a buffer spring are set at the connecting plate to convert part of the rotational kinetic energy of the main roller into vibration of the digging part. This provides a buffer when digging peanut plants. After digging, the inertial impact force generated by the spring's recovery after being loaded is used to shake the soil after the plant emerges from the ground. Without adding an additional power source, the soil-bearing rate of peanut roots is reduced, providing a good material foundation for subsequent net value transportation.

[0020] The device improves its pretreatment capacity for plant stems and leaves by constructing an open bucket-shaped collection trough with the main supporting rice and the side lateral rice. By utilizing the inward combing effect of the side lateral rice and the converging effect of the collection trough, the widely distributed stems and leaves are confined within the effective working width of the digging shovel, thus enhancing the device's adaptability to plants with different growth rates and lodging degrees. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the peanut harvesting synchronous seedling film separation device in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a peanut harvesting synchronous seedling film separation device in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of using a digging shovel to excavate peanut plants in a planting ridge in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mining component in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the excavation unit and the side digging unit in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a calculation diagram showing the adaptation of the main roller speed and the travel speed in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] The components are as follows: 1. Main rotating roller; 2. Film cutter; 3. Peanut in the correct position; 4. Gathering component; 41. Side-pulling seedling; 42. Main supporting seedling; 5. Digging shovel; 6. Conveying channel; 7. Conveying guide roller; 8. Positioning guide roller; 9. Connecting plate; 10. Buffer spring; 11. Planting ridge; 12. Mulch film; 13. Planting peanut; 14. Gathering trough; 15. Main rotating roller speed; 16. Traveling speed; 17. Traveling collecting roller; 18. Film rolling roller; 19. Exposed area; 20. Covered area; 21. Side-positioned peanut; 22. Lateral cut; 23. Plant spacing of peanut plants. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, a peanut harvesting and seedling film separation device is presented.

[0030] In traditional peanut harvesting operations, the plastic film 12 wraps around the seedlings, affecting the quality of mechanized harvesting. Residual film reduces the feed value of the peanut seedlings. The existing "first chop the seedlings, then collect the residual film" method leads to film fragmentation, and thick films lack suitable devices, resulting in low operational efficiency. If the seedlings are harvested in advance, traditional vertical or longitudinal forceful pulling and digging methods easily tear the film surface due to the collision between the plant carrying soil clods and the plane of the plastic film 12. This results in the plant carrying broken plastic film 12, with extensive tearing and breakage of the film 12, making continuous winding and recovery difficult. Based on this, this embodiment provides a peanut harvesting synchronous seedling-film separation device. Through a lateral rotation mechanism driven by the main roller 1, the device changes the force logic of the plant emerging from the soil. A film cutter 2 creates a lateral cut 22, which, combined with an open bucket-shaped digging part, drives the plant to slide out in an arc, avoiding direct impact and solving the problem of film 12 tearing, achieving efficient seedling-film separation and continuous winding.

[0031] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the peanut harvesting synchronous seedling film separation device includes a main rotating roller 1, a digging assembly, a conveying assembly, and a film rolling roller 18.

[0032] The rotation axis of the main roller 1 is parallel to the direction of travel of the device. The main roller 1 is equipped with a film cutter 2 that rotates with it to cut the mulch film 12 laterally to form a lateral cut 22. The digging assembly includes a digging shovel 5 and a gathering member 4 installed on the outer periphery of the main roller 1. The digging shovel 5 adopts a comb-like structure. The gathering member 4 and the digging shovel 5 together form an open bucket-shaped digging section and rotate with the main roller 1 to pull the peanut plants laterally out of the mulch film 12 along the lateral cut 22. The conveying assembly is set below the main roller 1 and forms a conveying channel 6. The conveying channel 6 is connected to the rotation trajectory of the digging shovel 5, and the conveying assembly can pass through the gap of the comb teeth of the digging shovel 5 to clamp and pull out the peanut plants in the open bucket-shaped digging section. The film winding roller 18 is arranged across the rear of the main roller 1 for winding up the mulch film 12.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the main rotating roller 1 can be a cylinder, with a solid or hollow internal structure, and is driven to rotate around its axis. A film cutter 2 is installed on the outer periphery of the main rotating roller 1. This film cutter 2 can consist of one or more blades, fixed to the surface of the main rotating roller 1 by bolts or welding, and can extend radially. When the main rotating roller 1 rotates, the film cutter 2 moves accordingly, contacts the mulch film 12, and cuts it laterally, thereby forming a lateral cut 22 on the mulch film 12 that matches the position of the peanut plant. The lateral cut 22 is located on the side of the peanut plant, providing a pre-defined path for the subsequent peanut plant to pass through the mulch film 12.

[0034] The digging assembly is installed on the outer periphery of the main rotating roller 1 and rotates together with the main rotating roller 1. In this embodiment, one or more digging assemblies can be installed on the main rotating roller 1. Figure 1 The two digging components are schematic diagrams showing the digging components in different working states. To better illustrate their relative working state with respect to the peanut plant, the two digging components are arranged on both sides of the axis of the main roller 1. Similarly, Figure 2 This also illustrates the different working states of the digging components. In actual operation, to reduce interference between the digging components, only one digging component can be configured on the main roller 1, and its workflow is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0035] The digging assembly consists of a digging shovel 5 and a gathering component 4. The digging shovel 5 can be formed by cutting metal sheets or connecting multiple rods, with its edges processed into a comb-like structure to facilitate deeper penetration into the soil and reduce digging resistance. The gathering component 4 can be an arc-shaped plate or a frame structure, which together with the digging shovel 5 forms an open bucket-shaped digging section. During the rotation of the main roller 1, the digging section can penetrate deep into the soil and use the tangential force of its rotation to pull the peanut plant laterally out of the mulch film 12 along the lateral cut 22 formed by the film cutter 2. For example, the digging shovel 5 and the gathering component 4 can be directly fixed to the surface of the main roller 1 to form an integral digging structure; the digging shovel 5 can also be mounted on the gathering component 4, which is mounted on the main roller 1 via a connecting plate 9, etc.

[0036] The conveying channel 6 is positioned to align with the rotation trajectory of the digging shovel 5, allowing peanut plants pulled from the digging section to smoothly enter the conveying channel 6. The conveying assembly can consist of a pair of parallel, flexible belts forming the conveying channel 6 for gripping and transporting the plants. The conveying assembly can pass through the gaps between the teeth of the digging shovel 5; for example, the width of the conveyor belt can be smaller than the gaps between the teeth, or the support structure of the conveyor belt can be arranged outside the gaps between the teeth, allowing the conveyor belt to extend into the digging section, gripping and pulling out the peanut plants inside the open bucket-shaped digging section.

[0037] The film-winding roller 18 is a cylindrical roller driven by a motor. Its rotational motion winds up the plastic film 12 in the mulch area 20 after the peanut plants have been removed, leaving the planting ridge 11 as an exposed area 19. The film-winding roller 18 can be directly mounted on the frame of the device via bearings and driven to rotate by a chain or gear transmission mechanism to achieve continuous recycling of the plastic film 12.

[0038] To address the technical defect of large-scale tearing of the mulch film 12 caused by the strong compression of the plant and the soil clods it carries by the plant during conventional vertical or longitudinal excavation, the force logic of the plant emerging from the soil is changed by the lateral rotation mechanism driven by the main roller 1. The film cutter 2, which rotates with the main roller 1, first makes a cut on the side of the plant, thus creating a pre-set channel for the plant to detach from the constraint of the mulch film 12.

[0039] Because the planting ridge 11 has a raised center, the lateral cut 22 will not cause the longitudinal continuity of the mulch film 12 to be broken, thus meeting the requirements for continuous winding. The open bucket-shaped digging part, in conjunction with the lateral rotation action, drives the plant to slide out laterally in an arc along the lateral cut 22, effectively avoiding the impact and pulling of the plant and soil clods on the plane of the mulch film 12, and weakening the damage to the continuity of the film surface caused by the soil removal action.

[0040] Meanwhile, the comb-like structure of the digging shovel 5 and the spatial interweaving design of the conveying components solve the dynamic interference problem between the rotating digging trajectory and the fixed conveying path, ensuring that the plants are smoothly transferred from the digging section to the conveying channel 6 while maintaining an orderly posture. While achieving effective spatial decoupling between the plants and the mulch film 12, it reduces the carrying rate of the peanut plants on the broken mulch film 12, ensuring that the rear film-winding roller 18 can perform efficient and continuous winding operations on the structurally intact residual film, taking into account both the cleanliness of crop harvesting and the effect of residual film recycling.

[0041] In actual operation, peanut plants may grow at different rates, exhibiting significant differences in growth vigor and uneven lodging, making it difficult to effectively gather the scattered plant stems and leaves and guide them into the digging section, thus affecting digging efficiency and the integrity of the plants. Therefore, in this embodiment, as follows... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the gathering component 4 includes a main supporting grain 42 and a side supporting grain 41. The main supporting grain 42 is comb-shaped. The digging shovel 5 is installed at the end of the main supporting grain 42. The side supporting grain 41 is connected to the main supporting grain 42 and located on both sides of the digging shovel 5. A gathering groove 14 for gathering peanut plants is formed between the side supporting grain 41 and the main supporting grain 42.

[0042] The gathering component 4 can preliminarily comb, guide, and gather the stems and leaves of the peanut plant before the digging shovel 5 enters the soil, ensuring that the plant can be effectively captured by the digging shovel 5. The main supporting stem 42 can support and guide the main body of the plant, while the side supporting stems 41 can gather the scattered stems and leaves on both sides towards the center. The main supporting stem 42 adopts a comb-like structure to allow soil and debris to be discharged through the gaps, keeping the plant clean. The spacing and length of the comb teeth can be designed according to the average plant size and density of the peanut plant.

[0043] The digging shovel 5 directly contacts the soil and peanut roots, pulling the plant out of the mulch film 12 and installing it at the end of the main supporting stem 42. This allows the main supporting stem 42 to support and move the digging shovel 5. The side supporting stems 41 connect with the main supporting stem 42 to form an integrated gathering structure. The side supporting stems are located on both sides of the digging shovel 5, enabling them to pull and gather the peanut plant's stems and leaves inward from both sides. Figure 4 As shown, the side-supported grains 41 and the main supporting grains 42 together form a V-shaped or U-shaped opening and gathering groove 14.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the main support 42 is installed on the main rotating roller 1 via the connecting plate 9. The connecting plate 9 is oscillatingly connected to the main rotating roller 1, and a buffer spring 10 is provided at the connection position. The buffer spring 10 is used to cause the open bucket-shaped digging part to vibrate during the rotation of the main rotating roller 1, so as to shake off the soil from the roots of the peanut plant.

[0045] The connecting plate 9 and the main rotating roller 1 are connected by a swing connection. The connecting plate 9 is allowed to rotate or swing relative to the main rotating roller 1 within a preset range. The swing connection can be achieved by setting a pin, hinge or universal joint between the connecting plate 9 and the main rotating roller 1, and configuring a corresponding limiting structure to constrain and limit the swing range of the digging component, so that it can form a rigid power transmission when it reaches the limit position, and meet the force transmission requirements during digging.

[0046] The buffer spring 10 can be a compression spring, a tension spring, or a torsion spring. Its type and parameters can be optimized according to the required vibration frequency and amplitude. It can absorb impact energy, store energy and release energy when needed, or provide restoring force. When a compression spring or a tension spring is used, the spring is set on the swing path between the connecting plate 9 and the main rotating roller 1. When a torsion spring is used, the spring is set at the rotating pin or hinge position connecting the connecting plate 9 and the main rotating roller 1. When the connecting plate 9 swings, the spring will be compressed or stretched, thereby producing elastic deformation.

[0047] When the digging section rotates with the main roller 1 and periodically contacts or impacts the soil or peanut plants, the swing connection allows the digging section to move, the buffer spring 10 is compressed and then released, driving the digging section to generate reciprocating vibration. Alternatively, a cam, eccentric wheel, or limit block can be installed on the main roller 1 or its fixed structure to periodically impact the connecting plate 9 or the main support 42 when the main roller 1 rotates. Through the buffering and rebounding effect of the spring, the vibration of the digging section is actively stimulated, shaking off the soil from the roots of the peanut plants.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the conveying assembly includes a conveying guide roller 7 and a displacement guide roller 8, which are used to receive and transport peanut plants separated from the digging assembly. Its core function is to grab the plants from the dynamic digging part and guide them to the subsequent processing stage.

[0049] The conveying guide roller 7 is a cylindrical roller body. Two conveying guide rollers 7 cooperate with each other to clamp the stem of the peanut plant through rotation and provide backward conveying power.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the peanut plant located in the planting ridge 11 is the planted peanut 13. After the planted peanut 13 is dug out by the digging shovel 5 and pulled out laterally, it rotates with the digging shovel 5 to a position directly below the main rotating roller 1. At this time, the peanut is in a nearly vertical state. The peanut plant in this state is the upright peanut 3. The conveying guide roller 7 clamps and conveys the upright peanut 3, pulling the upright peanut 3 out of the open bucket-shaped digging part, and then conveying it backward. After the digging component passes through the conveying guide roller 7, it continues to rotate and resets to the position ready to dig out the next planted peanut 13.

[0051] The surface of the conveyor guide roller 7 can be designed with anti-slip textures or elastic materials to increase friction against the plant, ensuring stable clamping without damaging the plant. The conveyor guide roller 7 can also be a rotary conveyor belt, where two conveyor belts clamp the peanut plant stems through rotation and provide backward conveying power.

[0052] The displacement guide roller 8 is used to change the conveying direction or posture of peanut plants. It is located downstream of the conveying guide roller 7 and is connected to the conveying guide roller 7. It guides the plants to smoothly transition from one conveying path to another, while adjusting the posture of the plants.

[0053] The conveying channel 6 is the space inside the conveying assembly that provides a path for the peanut plant to move. Its width and shape should match the size of the peanut plant's stem to ensure that the plant can be stably held and guided within it, avoiding blockages, falling, or disordered posture during the conveying process.

[0054] Two displacement guide rollers 8 intersect in space, and the conveying channel 6 formed by them changes the direction of the peanut plants from vertical to lateral, thereby tilting the conveyed peanut plants and laying them on the ground in a lateral position.

[0055] The spatial intersection of the two displacement guide rollers 8 can be achieved by adjusting the installation angle and position of the guide rollers or by using a matching support structure. For example, the axes of the two displacement guide rollers 8 can form an acute angle in the horizontal or vertical plane, thereby applying a torsional force to the peanut plant as it passes through. After the peanut plant is clamped and transferred from the open bucket-shaped digging section by the conveying guide roller 7, its posture is close to vertical. As the plant enters the conveying channel 6 formed by the spatially intersecting displacement guide rollers 8, the plant's stem is guided and constrained by the tilting and crossing action of the guide rollers, causing it to gradually tilt from a vertical posture to the side and lay on the ground in a lateral posture. When the peanut plant leaves the displacement guide roller 8, its overall posture has been tilted, referred to as lateral peanut 21, and it is finally laid flat on the ground in a lateral posture. The lateral posture refers to the peanut plant's roots facing to the side and the stems and leaves lying flat, which is beneficial for its even light exposure and ventilation.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the axis of the conveying guide roller 7 is parallel to the gap between the comb teeth, so that the conveying guide roller 7 is distributed laterally along the peanut planting ridge 11, and the displacement guide roller 8 is distributed longitudinally along the peanut planting ridge 11.

[0057] Specifically, the gap between the comb teeth refers to the gap formed between the comb teeth on the digging shovel 5. The part of the conveying guide roller 7 that enters the inside of the open bucket-shaped digging part can pass through the channel between the comb teeth, thereby effectively avoiding mechanical collision with the comb teeth of the high-speed rotating digging shovel 5. The axial direction of the conveying guide roller 7 is consistent with the extension direction of the comb teeth or the center line direction of the gap between the comb teeth.

[0058] Meanwhile, the conveying guide rollers 7 are distributed laterally along the peanut planting ridge 11, which means that the axial direction of the conveying guide rollers 7 is perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the direction of the peanut planting ridge 11, so that the conveying guide rollers 7 can effectively clamp the peanuts 3 in the digging section from the lateral direction and adapt to the rotation trajectory of the digging shovel 5.

[0059] The shifting guide roller receives the peanut plants from the conveying guide roller 7 and adjusts their posture. The shifting guide roller 8 is distributed longitudinally along the peanut planting ridge 11, meaning that the length direction of the shifting guide roller 8 is parallel or approximately parallel to the direction of the peanut planting ridge 11. This allows the shifting guide roller 8 to gradually transition the peanut plants from a lateral clamping state to a longitudinal conveying state along the direction of travel of the device. Combined with the spatial intersection of the two shifting guide rollers 8, the peanut plants are tilted and laid on the ground in a lateral position.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the film-winding roller 18 is installed on the walking collection roller 17, which is set across the peanut planting ridge 11. The film-winding roller 18 is used to synchronously wind up the mulch film 12 in the area after the peanut plants have been removed.

[0061] The film winding roller 18 can be composed of one or more rotatable roller bodies. The surface of the roller body can be textured or have barbed protrusions to increase the friction on the mulch film 12 and ensure that the mulch film 12 does not slip during the winding process. The rotation speed and winding torque of the film winding roller 18 can be adjusted according to the material and tension of the mulch film 12 to adapt to different operating conditions and achieve smooth and continuous winding.

[0062] The walking collection roller 17 carries the film-winding roller 18 and moves it across the field. It is positioned laterally and its length is sufficient to span the width of at least one peanut planting ridge 11, or cover multiple planting ridges 11, ensuring that the film-winding roller 18 can collect the mulch film 12 across the entire working width. The walking collection roller 17 is supported by a bracket connected to the main body of the device and can be equipped with an independent drive mechanism or driven by the device's propulsion power to ensure its synchronous movement with the device. This provides a stable working platform and precise positioning for the film-winding roller 18, enabling it to continuously and effectively contact and wind up the mulch film 12.

[0063] like Figure 6 As shown, the rotational speed of the main roller 1 is adapted to the traveling speed 16 of the device, so that the time for the digging component to complete one lateral pull-out action and rotate back to reset is less than the time required for the device to travel one row of plants. This allows the open bucket-shaped digging part to be in the state of digging peanut plants when it travels to the position of the peanut plants.

[0064] The entire cycle time of a single digging component on the main rotating roller 1, from the start of soil entry, the completion of lateral plant extraction, to its rotation to the next soil entry preparation position, is shorter than the time required for the device to move forward one peanut plant spacing. For example, if the device's travel speed 16 is V and the peanut plant spacing 23 is H, then the time required for the device to travel one plant row spacing is... Given H / V, the main roller speed is 15, and n represents the time required for the main roller 1 to rotate half a circle (180°). Two digging components are installed on the main roller 1. Therefore, 1 / 2n represents the time required for the roller to rotate half a circle (180°) and the working time of the digging components on a single peanut plant. It is 1 / 2n, and > This means that the time it takes for the device to reach the next peanut plant is greater than the time it takes for a single digging component to complete one digging action.

[0065] Multiple digging components can be installed on the main rotating roller 1. By rationally arranging these components and adapting them to the rotational speed and travel speed 16, it can be ensured that at any given time, a corresponding digging component is always available to perform digging at the peanut plant location. Furthermore, by adjusting the soil entry angle and depth of the digging components, they can be positioned in a suitable digging posture upon contact with the plant, thereby achieving precise capture and efficient digging of the plant.

[0066] Example 2 In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, a method for operating a peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device is provided. Utilizing the peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device as described in Example 1, the method includes the following steps: The device moves along the peanut planting ridge 11, and the main rotating roller 1 drives the film cutter 2 to form a lateral cut 22 on the mulch film 12 on the side of the peanut plant; at the same time, the gathering component 4 combs and gathers the stems and leaves of the peanut plant into the open bucket-shaped digging part. The main rotating roller 1 continuously rotates to drive the digging component into the soil. Using the tangential force of the rotation trajectory, the open bucket-shaped digging part is driven to pull the peanut plant out laterally from under the mulch film 12 along the lateral cut 22, thereby achieving the physical separation of the peanut plant from the mulch film 12. When the open bucket-shaped digging part rotates with the main rotating roller 1 to the connection point of the lower conveying channel 6, the conveying component enters the open bucket-shaped digging part through the gap of the comb teeth of the digging shovel 5, clamps the peanut plant stalks inside, and pulls the peanut plant out of the digging component and transfers it to the conveying channel 6. After conveying the peanut plant, the end of the conveying component passes through the gap of the comb teeth of the digging shovel 5. The conveying component transports and lays the peanut plants backward along the direction of travel of the device; at the same time, the film-winding roller 18 moves with the device and synchronously performs a winding operation on the bare mulch film 12 formed after the plants are pulled out.

[0067] Through the above-described working method, the device can achieve precise positioning of peanut plants, efficient lateral excavation, and separation of the plastic film 12. The film cutter 2 makes a pre-cut incision, creating a pre-defined channel for the plant to detach from the plastic film 12. Combined with the lateral pulling action of the excavation component, this effectively avoids tearing of the plastic film 12. Simultaneously, the dynamic interleaving and coordination of the conveying and excavation components ensures a smooth and damage-free transfer of the peanut plant from the excavation section to the conveying channel 6, preventing blockages and damage. The synchronous winding of the film roller 18 ensures continuous recovery of the plastic film 12. The entire process, through the precise coordination of all components, achieves continuity, high efficiency, and low loss in the seedling-film separation operation, significantly improving operational efficiency and recovery quality.

[0068] After the conveying component grabs the peanut plant inside the open bucket-shaped excavation section, it first conveys it laterally to the outside of the coverage area of ​​the excavation shovel 5, and then conveys it backward along the direction of travel of the device.

[0069] Lateral conveying refers to moving peanut plants laterally from the area currently or about to be covered by the digging shovel 5 until the plants are completely out of the potential working range of the digging shovel 5. After ensuring that the plants are laterally removed from the coverage area of ​​the digging shovel 5, the conveying assembly starts conveying backward along the direction of travel of the device. This backward conveying is a conventional material conveying process, which is completed in conjunction with the conveying guide roller 7 and the displacement guide roller 8, moving the peanut plants steadily backward of the device for subsequent laying or collection processing.

[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A peanut harvesting and vine-film separation device, characterized in that, include: The main roller has its rotation axis parallel to the direction of travel of the device. The main roller is equipped with a film cutter that rotates with it to cut the mulch film laterally to form a lateral cut. The digging assembly includes a digging shovel and a retracting component installed on the outer periphery of the main rotating roller. The digging shovel has a comb-like structure, and the retracting component and the digging shovel together form an open bucket-shaped digging section, which rotates with the main rotating roller to pull the peanut plant laterally out of the mulch film along the lateral cut. The conveying component is located below the main roller and forms a conveying channel. The conveying channel is connected to the rotation trajectory of the digging shovel, and the conveying component can pass through the gap of the digging shovel's comb teeth to clamp and pull out the peanut plant inside the open bucket-shaped digging section. The film winding roller is positioned across the rear of the main rotating roller and is used to wind up the mulch film.

2. The peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gathering component includes a main supporting stem and side supporting stems. The main supporting stem is comb-shaped, and a digging shovel is installed at the end of the main supporting stem. The side supporting stems are connected to the main supporting stems and located on both sides of the digging shovel. A gathering groove for gathering peanut plants is formed between the side supporting stems and the main supporting stems.

3. The peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The main support is installed on the main rotating roller via a connecting plate. The connecting plate is oscillatingly connected to the main rotating roller, and a buffer spring is provided at the connection position. The buffer spring is used to cause the open bucket-shaped digging part to vibrate during the rotation of the main rotating roller, so as to shake off the soil from the roots of the peanut plant.

4. The peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying assembly includes a conveying guide roller and a displacement guide roller. A conveying channel is formed between the two conveying guide rollers and between the two displacement guide rollers. One end of the conveying guide roller can be inserted into the open bucket-shaped digging part to clamp and convey the peanut plant stem, and the other end is connected to the displacement guide roller.

5. The peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The two displacement guide rollers intersect in space, and the conveying channel they form changes the direction of the peanut plants from vertical to lateral, thereby tilting the conveyed peanut plants and laying them on the ground in a lateral position.

6. The peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The axis of the conveying guide roller is parallel to the gap between the comb teeth, so that the conveying guide roller is distributed laterally along the peanut planting ridge, and the displacement guide roller is distributed longitudinally along the peanut planting ridge.

7. The peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The film-rolling roller is installed on the walking collection roller, which is set across the peanut planting ridge. The film-rolling roller is used to simultaneously roll up the mulch film in the area after the peanut plants have been removed.

8. The peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotational speed of the main roller is adapted to the traveling speed of the device, so that the time for the digging component to complete one lateral pull-out action and rotate back to reset is less than the time required for the device to travel one row of plants. This allows the open bucket-shaped digging part to be in the state of digging peanut plants when it travels to the position of the peanut plants.

9. A method for operating a peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device, utilizing the peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The device moves along the peanut planting ridges, and the main rotating roller drives the film cutter to form lateral cuts on the plastic film on the side of the peanut plants; at the same time, the gathering component combs and gathers the stems and leaves of the peanut plants into the open bucket-shaped digging part. The main rotating roller continuously rotates, driving the digging component into the soil. Using the tangential force of the rotation trajectory, the open bucket-shaped digging part is driven to pull the peanut plant out laterally from under the mulch film along the lateral cut, thus achieving the physical separation of the peanut plant from the mulch film. When the open bucket-shaped digging section rotates with the main rotating roller to the connection point of the lower conveying channel, the conveying component enters the open bucket-shaped digging section through the gap of the digging shovel's comb teeth, clamps the peanut plant stalks inside, and pulls the peanut plant out of the digging component and transfers it to the conveying channel. After conveying the peanut plant, the end of the conveying component passes through the gap of the digging shovel's comb teeth. The conveying assembly transports and lays the peanut plants backward along the direction of travel of the device; at the same time, the film-winding roller moves with the device and synchronously winds up the bare mulch film formed after the plants are pulled out.

10. The working method of the peanut harvesting synchronous vine-film separation device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, After the conveying component grabs the peanut plant inside the open bucket-shaped excavation section, it first conveys it laterally to the outside of the excavation shovel's coverage area, and then conveys it backward along the device's direction of travel.

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