Monodisperse aerosol preparation device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aerosol preparation, and discloses a monodisperse aerosol preparation device. The monodisperse aerosol preparation device comprises a high-pressure gas supply system, an aerosol generator, a first aerosol neutralizer, an aerosol filter, a bipolar charge device, a polydisperse aerosol storage tank, an aerosol screening device, a monodisperse aerosol storage tank and a second aerosol neutralizer which are sequentially connected through pipelines; wherein the wall surface of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank is communicated with one of the power supply positive electrode and the power supply negative electrode, and the wall surface of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank is communicated with one of the power supply positive electrode and the power supply negative electrode; the wall surface of a connecting pipeline between the outlet of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank and the inlet of the aerosol screening device is communicated with one of the positive electrode of the power supply and the negative electrode of the power supply, and a pressure difference measuring instrument is arranged between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank and the aerosol screening device, so that the problems of low preparation precision and preparation efficiency of the monodisperse aerosol in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerosol preparation technology, and more specifically to a device for preparing monodisperse aerosols. Background Technology

[0002] Following a nuclear power plant accident, the degrading and meltdown of the reactor core within the reactor vessel generates a large amount of fission products. These products are released from the reactor pressure vessel in the form of gases, water vapor, and aerosols. Aerosols are a significant carrier of fission products and a major source of these products released into the environment after an accident. Aerosols are colloidal dispersion systems formed by solid or liquid particles dispersed and suspended in a gaseous medium. Particles dispersed in a suspended state in the gaseous medium are called aerosol particles (or aerosol aggregates). The natural deposition and migration characteristics of aerosols mainly include gravity settling, Brownian diffusion, thermophoretic deposition, and diffusive deposition. Currently, a large number of experimental studies and numerical simulations have been conducted on the migration characteristics of aerosols within the nuclear power plant after an accident, yielding many experimental and computational results. However, the above studies mainly focus on the migration characteristics of polydisperse aerosols (aerosol particle size is a range value), and in-depth and detailed studies have not yet been conducted on the migration characteristics of monodisperse aerosols (aerosol particle size is a fixed value). Therefore, the design and manufacture of a monodisperse aerosol preparation device is of great significance for studying the migration characteristics of monodisperse aerosols within the nuclear power plant after an accident.

[0003] The technologies disclosed in China regarding monodisperse aerosol generating devices and preparation systems do not consider Brownian coalescence and gravitational coalescence phenomena of aerosols during the preparation process, nor do they achieve real-time and precise control of the flow rate of entrained aerosol gas entering the aerosol screening device. This results in low preparation accuracy and efficiency of monodisperse aerosols, making it impossible to obtain high-quality monodisperse aerosols. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a monodisperse aerosol preparation apparatus to solve the problems of low preparation accuracy and low preparation efficiency of monodisperse aerosols in the prior art.

[0005] This invention provides a monodisperse aerosol preparation apparatus. The monodisperse aerosol preparation apparatus includes: a high-pressure gas supply system, an aerosol generator, a first aerosol neutralizer, an aerosol filter, a bipolar charge generator, a multidisperse aerosol storage tank, an aerosol screening device, a monodisperse aerosol storage tank, and a second aerosol neutralizer, all connected sequentially via pipelines. One end of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank is connected to a pressure regulating system, and one end of the aerosol screening device is connected to an aerosol post-processing system. The wall of both the multidisperse aerosol storage tank and the monodisperse aerosol storage tank is connected to either the positive or negative terminal of a power supply. The connecting pipeline between the outlet of the multidisperse aerosol storage tank and the inlet of the aerosol screening device is connected to either the positive or negative terminal of a power supply. A differential pressure measuring instrument is installed between the multidisperse aerosol storage tank and the aerosol screening device.

[0006] The aerosol generator produces initial polydisperse aerosols, which are prone to acquiring random charges (partially positive, partially negative, and partially uncharged) due to friction and atomization. Particles with opposite charges will agglomerate due to electrostatic attraction, forming composite particles. The first aerosol neutralizer uniformly neutralizes the particle charge, bringing the initial net charge of the particles close to zero, thereby improving the efficiency of gas molecule ionization and neutralization of charged aerosols.

[0007] The initial aerosol may contain impurities from the gas source, such as dust from high-pressure gas, residual contaminants from the aerosol generator, or oversized particles. Aerosol filters can precisely trap these interfering substances, thereby improving the purity of the polydisperse aerosol entering subsequent stages. This prevents impurities from mixing with target particles, which could lead to the destruction of the final monodispersity. The ability to filter aerosol particles of different sizes enhances the aerosol filtration capacity and efficiency of the device.

[0008] Bipolar charge generators can make the charge loading of aerosols more uniform, thereby improving the aerosol charge loading efficiency of the device.

[0009] The walls of polydisperse aerosol storage tanks and monodisperse aerosol storage tanks are charged, which can prevent aerosols from depositing on the walls and can also remove aerosols with opposite charges. This can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the device in preparing monodisperse aerosols, reduce the preparation cost of monodisperse aerosols, and improve economic efficiency.

[0010] The connecting pipe between the outlet of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank and the inlet of the aerosol screening device is electrified to prevent charged aerosols from depositing inside the pipe.

[0011] A differential pressure measuring instrument is installed between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank and the aerosol screening device. The pressure difference in the connecting pipeline between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank and the aerosol screening device directly reflects the airflow velocity in the pipeline. Excessive airflow will result in a short residence time for particles within the aerosol screening device, leading to insufficient sorting; conversely, excessive airflow will cause particle accumulation, forming secondary agglomeration. The differential pressure measuring instrument provides real-time feedback on pressure changes, allowing operators to adjust the flow rate of the high-pressure gas supply system, stabilizing the airflow velocity within the optimal sorting range. This precise control of the gas flow rate carrying aerosols improves the accuracy and efficiency of monodisperse aerosol preparation, reduces the preparation cost of monodisperse aerosols, and enhances economic efficiency.

[0012] The aerosol screening device can screen and collect aerosols of different particle sizes, making it easier for aerosols that have passed through the aerosol screening device to enter the aerosol collection tube, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the device in preparing monodisperse aerosols.

[0013] Although the screened monodisperse aerosol particles have uniform particle size, they may still retain trace amounts of net charge. The second aerosol neutralizer neutralizes the residual charge uniformly, bringing the net charge of the particles close to zero.

[0014] The above structure avoids Brownian coalescence and gravitational coalescence of aerosols during the preparation of monodisperse aerosols, enabling real-time and precise control of the flow rate of entrained aerosol gas entering the aerosol screening device. This improves the preparation accuracy and efficiency of monodisperse aerosols, reduces their preparation cost, enhances economic efficiency, and ultimately yields high-quality monodisperse aerosols that meet the requirements for studying the migration characteristics of aerosols within the nuclear power plant after an accident, providing excellent research conditions.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, the first aerosol neutralizer is provided with at least three X-ray emitters and a fan that can freely translate and rotate along the track, and the second aerosol neutralizer is provided with at least three X-ray emitters that can freely translate and rotate along the track, wherein the energy adjustment range of the X-rays emitted by the X-ray emitters is 100-10000eV, and the irradiation angle adjustment range of the X-rays is 0-150°.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the aerosol filter includes a main pipe and branch pipes. The main pipe is provided with multiple layers of filter screens with gradually decreasing pore sizes. Each filter screen has a first valve upstream of the main pipe and a branch pipe downstream of each filter screen. Each branch pipe has a second valve. All branch pipes are combined into a single branch pipe. The outlets of both the main pipe and the branch pipes of the aerosol filter are connected to the inlet of the bipolar charge device.

[0017] In one optional embodiment, the inner wall of the bipolar charge is provided with at least five layers of rails in the vertical direction and at least four layers of rails in the circumferential direction. On each layer of rails, there are multiple electric heaters that can rotate around the circumference of the bipolar charge. The electric heaters are rectangular hollow structures, and each of the long and short sides of the electric heaters is provided with multiple electric telescopic devices. The electric heaters can be moved to different positions by the rails and can also change their size by the electric telescopic devices.

[0018] In one optional embodiment, the outer wall surface of the bipolar charge is provided with an electric heating film, and multiple ultrasonic oscillation devices are also provided on the outer wall surface of the bipolar charge in the vertical and circumferential directions, wherein the oscillation mode of the ultrasonic oscillation devices is horizontal rotation.

[0019] In one optional embodiment, the inner diameter of the connecting pipe between the outlet of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank and the inlet of the aerosol screening device is 6 mm, and the connecting pipe is arranged in a variable diameter spiral manner, with the spiral pipe arranged on the same vertical horizontal plane.

[0020] In one optional embodiment, the aerosol screening device is provided with a plurality of paired electrode plates arranged equidistantly and continuously, with insulating material filling the spaces between the paired electrode plates. The paired electrode plates are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of a power supply. An aerosol collection hose is provided on the electrode plate and is connected to a monodisperse aerosol flow outlet. A transverse track is provided on the outer side of the electrode plate, and the aerosol collection hose can move to different positions along the transverse track. A one-sided telescopic device is provided at the connection point between the aerosol collection hose and the electrode plate, and the one-sided telescopic device can make the aerosol collection hose and the electrode plate tilt at different angles.

[0021] The monodisperse aerosol flow outlet is connected to the inlet of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank via pipelines, and the aerosol screening device is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure gas supply system, the outlet of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank, and the inlet of the aerosol post-processing system via pipelines. In one optional embodiment, the aerosol post-treatment system includes an ice-making device, a post-treatment water tank, a circulating pump, and a temperature measuring instrument. The post-treatment water tank is equipped with multiple layers of baffles. The inlet of the circulating pump is connected to the outlet of the post-treatment water tank, and the outlet of the circulating pump is connected to the inlet of the post-treatment water tank, forming a circulation loop.

[0022] In one optional embodiment, a first switch is provided on the pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system and the aerosol generator; a second switch is provided on the pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system and the polydisperse aerosol storage tank; a third switch is provided on the pipeline between the aerosol filter and the bipolar charge generator; a fourth switch is provided on the pipeline between the bipolar charge generator and the polydisperse aerosol storage tank; a fifth switch is provided on the pipeline between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank and the aerosol screening device; a sixth switch is provided on the pipeline between the aerosol screening device and the monodisperse aerosol storage tank; a seventh switch is provided on the pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system and the aerosol screening device; an eighth switch is provided on the pipeline between the monodisperse aerosol storage tank and the second aerosol neutralizer; a ninth switch is provided on the pipeline between the monodisperse aerosol storage tank and the pressure regulating system; and a tenth switch is provided on the pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system and the monodisperse aerosol storage tank.

[0023] In one optional embodiment, the polydisperse aerosol storage tank is connected to the outlet of the bipolar charge generator, the outlet of the high-pressure gas supply system, and the inlet of the aerosol screening device via pipelines. The upper part of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank is provided with a first discharge pipeline. The monodisperse aerosol storage tank is connected to the outlet of the aerosol screening device, the inlet of the second aerosol neutralizer, and the inlet of the pressure regulating system via pipelines. The upper part of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank is provided with a second discharge pipeline. The first discharge pipeline is provided with an eleventh switch, and the second discharge pipeline is provided with a twelfth switch. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a monodisperse aerosol preparation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an aerosol filter; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electric heater for a bipolar charge device; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an aerosol screening device. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. High-pressure gas supply system; 2. Aerosol generator; 3. First aerosol neutralizer; 4. Aerosol filter; 5. Bipolar charge generator; 6. Polydisperse aerosol storage tank; 7. Aerosol screening device; 8. Monodisperse aerosol storage tank; 9. Second aerosol neutralizer; 10. Pressure regulation system; 11. Aerosol post-treatment system; V1, First switch; V2, Second switch; V3, Third switch; V4, Fourth switch; V5, Fifth switch; V6, Sixth switch; V7, Seventh switch; V8, Eighth switch; V9, Ninth switch; V10, Tenth switch; V11, Eleventh switch; V12, Twelfth switch; 41. Filter screen; 42. First valve; 43. Second valve; 51. Electric telescopic device; 71. Electrode plate; 72. Insulating material; 73. Aerosol collection hose; 74. Horizontal track; 75. Single-sided telescopic device. Detailed Implementation

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0029] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application is thorough and complete, and that the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to denote the same devices, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0030] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 4 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a monodisperse aerosol preparation apparatus is provided.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the monodisperse aerosol preparation device includes: a high-pressure gas supply system 1, an aerosol generator 2, a first aerosol neutralizer 3, an aerosol filter 4, a bipolar charge generator 5, a polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6, an aerosol screening device 7, a monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8, and a second aerosol neutralizer 9, which are connected sequentially by pipelines. One end of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8 is connected to a pressure regulating system 10, and one end of the aerosol screening device 7 is connected to an aerosol post-processing system 11. The wall of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 is connected to one of the positive or negative terminals of a power supply, and the wall of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8 is connected to one of the positive or negative terminals of a power supply. The wall of the connecting pipeline between the outlet of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the inlet of the aerosol screening device 7 is connected to one of the positive or negative terminals of a power supply. A differential pressure measuring instrument is provided between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the aerosol screening device 7.

[0033] In this embodiment, the aerosol generator 2 produces an initial polydisperse aerosol, which is prone to acquiring random charges (partially positive, partially negative, and partially uncharged) due to friction and atomization. Particles with different charges will agglomerate due to electrostatic attraction, forming composite particles. The first aerosol neutralizer 3 neutralizes the particle charge uniformly, making the initial net charge of the particles close to zero, thereby improving the efficiency of gas molecule ionization and neutralization of charged aerosols.

[0034] The initial aerosol may contain impurities from the gas source, such as dust from the high-pressure gas, residual contaminants from aerosol generator 2, or oversized particles. Aerosol filter 4 can precisely trap these interfering substances, thereby improving the purity of the polydisperse aerosol entering subsequent stages and preventing impurities from mixing with target particles, which could lead to the destruction of the final monodispersity. Its filtration function for aerosol particles of different sizes enhances the aerosol filtration capacity and efficiency of the device.

[0035] The bipolar charge generator 5 can make the charge loading of aerosols more uniform and improve the aerosol charge loading efficiency of the device.

[0036] The walls of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8 are charged, which can prevent aerosols from depositing on the walls and can also remove aerosols with opposite charges. This can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the device in preparing monodisperse aerosols, reduce the preparation cost of monodisperse aerosols, and improve economic efficiency.

[0037] The connecting pipe between the outlet of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the inlet of the aerosol screening device 7 is energized to prevent charged aerosols from depositing inside the pipe.

[0038] A differential pressure measuring instrument is installed between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the aerosol screening device 7. The differential pressure in the connecting pipeline between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the aerosol screening device 7 directly reflects the airflow velocity in the pipeline. If the airflow is too fast, the particles will have a short residence time in the aerosol screening device 7, resulting in insufficient sorting. If the airflow is too slow, the particles will accumulate, forming secondary agglomeration. The differential pressure measuring instrument can provide real-time feedback on differential pressure changes, allowing operators to adjust the flow rate of the high-pressure gas supply system 1 to stabilize the airflow velocity within the optimal sorting range. This precise control of the gas flow rate carrying aerosols improves the accuracy and efficiency of the device in preparing monodisperse aerosols, reduces the preparation cost of monodisperse aerosols, and enhances economic efficiency.

[0039] The aerosol screening device 7 can screen and collect aerosols of different particle sizes, making it easier for aerosols that have passed through the aerosol screening device 7 to enter the aerosol collection hose, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the device in preparing monodisperse aerosols.

[0040] Although the screened monodisperse aerosol particles have uniform particle size, they may still retain trace amounts of net charge. The second aerosol neutralizer 9 neutralizes the residual charge uniformly, bringing the net charge of the particles close to zero.

[0041] The above structure avoids Brownian coalescence and gravitational coalescence of aerosols during the preparation of monodisperse aerosols, and enables real-time and precise control of the flow rate of entrained aerosol gas entering the aerosol screening device 7. This improves the preparation accuracy and efficiency of monodisperse aerosols, reduces the preparation cost, and enhances economic efficiency. Ultimately, it yields high-quality monodisperse aerosols that meet the requirements for studying the migration characteristics of aerosols within the nuclear power plant after an accident, providing excellent research conditions.

[0042] In one embodiment, the first aerosol neutralizer 3 is provided with at least three X-ray emitters and a fan that can freely translate and rotate along the track, and the second aerosol neutralizer 9 is provided with at least three X-ray emitters that can freely translate and rotate along the track. The energy adjustment range of the X-rays emitted by the X-ray emitters is 100-10000eV, and the irradiation angle adjustment range of the X-rays is 0-150°.

[0043] In this embodiment, the aforementioned fan is a bladeless fan, and the X-ray emitter can translate and rotate along the track. Combined with an adjustable irradiation angle of 0-150°, it can cover all the space inside the neutralizer, avoiding the ionization blind zone of traditional fixed emitters. The wide energy adjustment of 100-10000eV can adapt to particles of different sizes. Small particles require low energy to avoid over-ionization, while large particles require high energy to ensure sufficient ionization, so that aerosol particles are in uniform contact with the positive / negative ions generated by X-ray ionization, improving the uniformity of charge neutralization and avoiding agglomeration caused by local charge residue.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the aerosol filter 4 includes a main pipe and branch pipes. The main pipe is provided with multiple layers of filter screens 41, with the pore size of the multiple layers of filter screens 41 gradually decreasing. Each filter screen 41 is provided with a first valve 42 upstream of the main pipe and a branch pipe downstream of each filter screen 41. Each branch pipe is provided with a second valve 43. All branch pipes are combined into a branch pipe. The outlets of the main pipe and branch pipes of the aerosol filter 4 are connected to the inlet of the bipolar charge device 5.

[0045] The multi-layer filter screen 41 has pore sizes decreasing from large to small, first trapping large impurities to prevent premature clogging of the fine filter screen, while simultaneously achieving step-by-step impurity removal and reducing the content of aerosol impurities entering the bipolar charge collector 5. If a filter screen becomes clogged, the upstream first valve 42 can be closed while the downstream second valve 43 is opened, and the other filters continue to operate normally; there is no need to stop the machine to replace the filter screens, and valve control enables maintenance without stopping the machine, ensuring continuous production.

[0046] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, in the vertical and circumferential directions of the bipolar charge device 5, the inner wall surface of the bipolar charge device 5 is provided with at least five layers of rails and at least four layers of rails, respectively. On each layer of rails, there are multiple electric heaters that can rotate around the circumference of the bipolar charge device 5. The electric heaters are rectangular hollow structures, and multiple electric telescopic devices 51 are provided on the long and short sides of the electric heaters. The electric heaters can be moved to different positions through the rails and can also change their size through the electric telescopic devices.

[0047] The electric heater moves along a vertical / circular track, covering all areas of the inner wall of the charge device. The rectangular hollow structure increases the heating area, and the electric telescopic device 51 can adapt to different inner diameter areas of the charge device.

[0048] In one embodiment, the outer wall surface of the bipolar charge device 5 is provided with an electric heating film, and in the vertical and circumferential directions of the bipolar charge device 5, the outer wall surface of the bipolar charge device 5 is also provided with a plurality of ultrasonic oscillation devices, the oscillation mode of the ultrasonic oscillation devices being horizontal rotation.

[0049] The inner wall electric heater and the outer wall electric heating film work together to control the temperature, avoiding the temperature difference caused by the inner wall heating, which results in a low center temperature and a high wall surface temperature. This ensures that ions are evenly distributed throughout the entire area, improving the consistency of particle charge adsorption. The ultrasonic horizontal swirling method drives the aerosol to circulate horizontally, avoiding particle sedimentation and stratification caused by vertical oscillation, and preventing particles from adhering to the container wall due to van der Waals forces, thus reducing the particle deposition rate. At the same time, it promotes full contact between particles and ions, further improving charge uniformity.

[0050] In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the connecting pipe between the outlet of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the inlet of the aerosol screening device 7 is 6 mm, and the connecting pipe is arranged in a variable diameter spiral manner, with the spiral pipe arranged on the same vertical horizontal plane.

[0051] The 6mm inner diameter further stabilizes the airflow velocity, avoiding velocity fluctuations caused by large-diameter pipes, ensuring consistent particle movement upon entering the aerosol screening device 7, and reducing sorting deviations. The variable-diameter structure extends the particle residence time in the pipe, allowing for thorough mixing.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the aerosol screening device 7 has multiple pairs of electrode plates 71 arranged equidistantly and continuously. The pairs of electrode plates 71 are filled with insulating material 72. The pairs of electrode plates 71 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply, respectively. An aerosol collection hose 73 is provided on the electrode plate 71 and is connected to the monodisperse aerosol flow outlet. A transverse track 74 is provided on the outside of the electrode plate 71, and the aerosol collection hose 73 can move to different positions along the transverse track 74. A one-sided telescopic device 75 is provided at the connection position between the aerosol collection hose 73 and the electrode plate 71. The one-sided telescopic device 75 can make the aerosol collection hose 73 and the electrode plate 71 tilt at different angles. The monodisperse aerosol flow outlet is connected to the inlet of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8 through pipelines. The aerosol screening device 7 is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure gas supply system 1, the outlet of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6, and the inlet of the aerosol post-processing system 11 through pipelines. Equidistant electrode plates 71 form a uniform electric field, and insulating material 72 prevents leakage between electrodes, ensuring stable electric field strength. The aerosol collection hose 73 moves along a transverse track, and the single-sided telescopic device 75 has an adjustable tilt angle, allowing precise alignment with the deflection trajectory of particles of different sizes (e.g., 5μm particles deflect to position A, 3μm particles deflect to position B). This enables the sorting of any target particle size within the target range without replacing the electrode plates, improving the device's adaptability.

[0053] In one embodiment, the aerosol post-treatment system 11 includes an ice-making device, a post-treatment water tank, a circulating pump, and a temperature measuring instrument. The post-treatment water tank is equipped with multiple layers of baffles. The inlet of the circulating pump is connected to the outlet of the post-treatment water tank, and the outlet of the circulating pump is connected to the inlet of the post-treatment water tank, forming a circulation loop.

[0054] The ice-making device lowers the temperature of the post-treatment water tank, causing non-target particles (such as ultra-small / ultra-large particles) to condense into droplets or adsorb onto the surface of water molecules. Multi-layer baffles extend the contact time between particles and water, improving the capture rate of non-target particles and preventing environmental pollution from discharge. A circulation pump creates a closed-loop circulation of water in the post-treatment tank, reducing water consumption. Temperature instruments monitor the water temperature in real time to ensure stable condensation performance.

[0055] In one embodiment, a first switch V1 is installed on the pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system 1 and the aerosol generator 2; a second switch V2 is installed on the pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system 1 and the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6; a third switch V3 is installed on the pipeline between the aerosol filter 4 and the bipolar charge generator 5; a fourth switch V4 is installed on the pipeline between the bipolar charge generator 5 and the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6; a fifth switch V5 is installed on the pipeline between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the aerosol screening device 7; a sixth switch V6 is installed on the pipeline between the aerosol screening device 7 and the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8; a seventh switch V7 is installed on the pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system 1 and the aerosol screening device 7; an eighth switch V8 is installed on the pipeline between the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8 and the second aerosol neutralizer 9; a ninth switch V9 is installed on the pipeline between the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8 and the pressure regulating system 10; and a tenth switch V10 is installed on the pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system 1 and the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8.

[0056] In this embodiment, the switch is a solenoid valve. In other embodiments, the type of switch is not limited to this and can also be a relay.

[0057] The aforementioned switch enables effective control during the preparation of monodisperse aerosols.

[0058] In one embodiment, the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 is connected to the outlet of the bipolar charge generator 5, the outlet of the high-pressure gas supply system 1, and the inlet of the aerosol screening device 7 via pipelines. The upper part of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 is provided with a first discharge pipeline. The monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8 is connected to the outlet of the aerosol screening device 7, the inlet of the second aerosol neutralizer 9, and the inlet of the pressure regulating system 10 via pipelines. The upper part of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8 is provided with a second discharge pipeline. The first discharge pipeline is provided with an eleventh switch V11, and the second discharge pipeline is provided with a twelfth switch V12.

[0059] The specific implementation process of the monodisperse aerosol preparation device proposed in this invention is as follows: Step 1: Start the high-pressure gas supply system 1, turn on the aerosol generator 2, the first switch V1, and the third switch V3. The aerosol generator 2 begins to prepare polydisperse aerosols. The gas enters the aerosol generator 2 and sends the polydisperse aerosols to the first aerosol neutralizer 3. Turn on the low-energy X-ray emitter and the small bladeless fan in the first aerosol neutralizer 3. The low-energy X-ray emitter and the small bladeless fan continuously ionize and mix the gas in the first aerosol neutralizer 3, and uniformly neutralize the charge on the polydisperse aerosols.

[0060] Step 2: After the charge neutralization of the polydisperse aerosol is completed, the high-pressure gas sends the polydisperse aerosol to the aerosol filter 4. The polydisperse aerosol flows through the filter screen 41 of the main pipeline to obtain polydisperse aerosol containing the desired relatively small particle size.

[0061] Step 3: High-pressure gas will then deliver the polydisperse aerosol into the bipolar charge generator 5. The ionization device and electric heater inside the bipolar charge generator 5 will be turned on, and the electric heating film and ultrasonic oscillation device outside the bipolar charge generator 5 will also be turned on. The electric heater will heat the gas inside the bipolar charge generator 5 and continuously mix the aerosol and gas by rotation to uniformly charge the aerosol. The electric heating film will heat the wall of the bipolar charge generator 5, and the ultrasonic oscillation device will continuously vibrate the wall of the bipolar charge generator 5 to prevent the aerosol from depositing on the wall of the bipolar charge generator 5.

[0062] Step 4: Turn on the fourth switch V4 to turn on the power supply (positive or negative) connected to the wall of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6. The high-pressure gas will then send the polydisperse aerosol into the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6. Aerosols with the same charge as the wall of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 will remain in the space of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6. Aerosols with the opposite charge to the wall of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 will move towards the wall of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 under the action of the electric field force and eventually be adsorbed on the wall.

[0063] Step 5: Open the second switch V2 and the seventh switch V7. The gas enters the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the aerosol screening device 7 respectively, so that the pressure difference between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the aerosol screening device 7, as measured by the differential pressure measuring instrument, reaches the target value and stabilizes.

[0064] Step Six: Turn on the power supply connected to the pipe wall between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the aerosol screening device 7, ensuring the power supply has the same charge as the polydisperse aerosols in the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6. Turn on the fifth switch V5. Under the action of pressure difference, the gas will carry the polydisperse aerosols with the same charge in the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 through the pipe to the aerosol screening device 7. The formula for calculating the gas volume flow rate in the pipe is: , The gas volume flow rate in the pipeline (m³) 3 / s), The cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline (m) 2 ), The inner diameter of the pipe (m). The pressure difference (Pa) between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6 and the aerosol screening device 7. Gas density (kg / m³) 3 ), This is the friction factor along the pipeline. The pipeline length (m) is used to reduce the impact of pressure difference changes by increasing the pipeline length, so as to achieve real-time and precise flow control.

[0065] Step 7: Turn on the sixth switch V6 and the ninth switch V9 to power the electrode plates in the aerosol screening device 7, creating a stable electric field between the paired electrode plates. The polydisperse aerosols entering the aerosol screening device 7 are deflected towards the electrode plates under the influence of the electric field. By adjusting and controlling different electric field forces, the aerosol collection hose moves along the transverse track to a suitable position and tilts at a suitable angle using a single-sided telescopic device. Monodisperse aerosols of the desired particle size will enter the target aerosol collection hose, while aerosols of other particle sizes will enter other aerosol collection hoses, ultimately entering the aerosol post-treatment system 11. The cooling water temperature in the post-treatment water tank of the aerosol post-treatment system 11 is 0°C. Driven by a circulating pump, the cooling water flows along the guide plate in the opposite direction to the aerosol entry direction, improving the efficiency of aerosol washing and removal and preventing aerosol release into the environment.

[0066] Step 8: Turn on the power supply connected to the wall of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8. With the same charge as the monodisperse aerosol, the gas will send the monodisperse aerosol into the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8. The pressure regulation system 10 will make the pressure difference between the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8 and the aerosol screening device 7 reach the target value and stabilize.

[0067] Step 9: Once the amount of monodisperse aerosol prepared in the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8 (i.e., aerosol number concentration) reaches the target value, turn off aerosol generator 2, first switch V1, second switch V2, third switch V3, fourth switch V4, fifth switch V5, sixth switch V6, seventh switch V7, ninth switch V9, and tenth switch V10. Gas enters the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8. Once the pressure in the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8 reaches the target value, turn off the tenth switch V10.

[0068] Step 10: Turn on the eighth switch V8. The gas will send the monodisperse aerosol into the second aerosol neutralizer 9. Turn on the low-energy X-ray emitter in the second aerosol neutralizer 9. The low-energy X-ray emitter will continuously ionize the gas in the second aerosol neutralizer 9 and uniformly neutralize the charge on the monodisperse aerosol, thus completing the preparation of the monodisperse aerosol.

[0069] Step 11: Turn on the second switch V2, the seventh switch V7, the tenth switch V10, the eleventh switch V11, and the twelfth switch V12 to complete the aerosol purging in the polydisperse aerosol storage tank 6, the aerosol screening device 7, and the monodisperse aerosol storage tank 8, and then turn off all power.

[0070] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0071] In addition to the above, it should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," and "embodiment" used in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, the intention is to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this invention.

[0072] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monodisperse aerosol generating device, characterized by, The application relates to a high-pressure gas supply system (1), an aerosol generator (2), a first aerosol neutralizer (3), an aerosol filter (4), a bipolar charger (5), a polydisperse aerosol storage tank (6), an aerosol screening device (7), a monodisperse aerosol storage tank (8) and a second aerosol neutralizer (9) connected in sequence through pipelines, one end of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank (8) is communicated with a pressure regulating system (10), one end of the aerosol screening device (7) is communicated with an aerosol post-processing system (11). The wall surface of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank (6) is communicated with one of a power supply positive electrode and a power supply negative electrode, and the wall surface of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank (8) is communicated with one of the power supply positive electrode and the power supply negative electrode. The connecting pipeline wall surface between the outlet of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank (6) and the inlet of the aerosol screening device (7) is communicated with one of the power supply positive electrode and the power supply negative electrode, and a differential pressure measuring instrument is arranged between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank (6) and the aerosol screening device (7). The first aerosol neutralizer (3) is provided with at least three X-ray emitters and fans which can freely translate and rotate along tracks, and the second aerosol neutralizer (9) is provided with at least three X-ray emitters which can freely translate and rotate along tracks, wherein the energy adjustment range of X-rays of the X-ray emitters is 100-10000eV, and the illumination angle adjustment range of the X-rays is 0-150 degrees.

2. The monodisperse aerosol generating device of claim 1, wherein, The aerosol filter (4) comprises a main pipeline and a branch pipeline, a plurality of filter screens (41) are arranged on the main pipeline, the pore sizes of the plurality of filter screens (41) are gradually reduced, a first valve (42) is arranged on the main pipeline upstream of each filter screen (41), a branch pipeline is arranged downstream of each filter screen (41), a second valve (43) is arranged on the branch pipeline, all the branch pipelines are combined into the branch pipeline, and the outlets of the main pipeline and the branch pipeline of the aerosol filter (4) are connected with the inlet of the bipolar charger (5).

3. The monodisperse aerosol generating device of claim 1, wherein, In the vertical direction and the circumferential direction of the bipolar charger (5), the inner wall surface of the bipolar charger (5) is respectively provided with at least five layers of tracks and at least four layers of tracks, a plurality of electric heaters which can rotate along the circumferential direction of the bipolar charger (5) are arranged on each layer of tracks, wherein the electric heaters are rectangular hollow structures, a plurality of electric telescopic devices (51) are arranged on the long side and the short side of the electric heaters, the electric heaters can be moved to different positions through the tracks, and the sizes of the electric heaters can be changed through the electric telescopic devices.

4. The monodisperse aerosol generating device of claim 1, wherein, The outer wall surface of the bipolar charger (5) is provided with an electric heating film, and a plurality of ultrasonic oscillation devices are arranged on the outer wall surface of the bipolar charger (5) in the vertical direction and the circumferential direction, and the oscillation mode of the ultrasonic oscillation devices is horizontal rotation.

5. The monodisperse aerosol generating device of claim 1, wherein, ​ 6. The monodisperse aerosol generating device of claim 1, wherein, The inner diameter of the connecting pipeline between the outlet of the poly-dispersed aerosol storage tank (6) and the inlet of the aerosol screening device (7) is 6 mm, and the connecting pipeline is arranged in a variable-diameter spiral manner, and the spiral pipeline is arranged in the same vertical plane.

7. The monodisperse aerosol generating device of claim 1, wherein, The aerosol screening device (7) is provided with a plurality of pairs of electrode plates (71) arranged at equal intervals and continuously, the pairs of electrode plates (71) are filled with insulating material (72), and the pairs of electrode plates (71) are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply. The electrode plate (71) is provided with an aerosol collecting hose (73), the aerosol collecting hose (73) is connected with a mono-dispersed aerosol flow outlet, the outer side of the electrode plate (71) is provided with a transverse track (74), the aerosol collecting hose (73) can be moved to different positions along the transverse track (74), the aerosol collecting hose (73) is provided with a one-sided telescopic device (75) at the connection position with the electrode plate (71), the one-sided telescopic device (75) can make the aerosol collecting hose (73) and the electrode plate (71) have different inclination angles, the mono-dispersed aerosol flow outlet is respectively connected with the inlet of the mono-dispersed aerosol storage tank (8) through a pipeline, and the aerosol screening device (7) is respectively connected with the outlet of the high-pressure gas supply system (1), the outlet of the poly-dispersed aerosol storage tank (6) and the inlet of the aerosol post-processing system (11) through a pipeline.

8. The monodisperse aerosol generating device of claim 1, wherein, The aerosol post-processing system (11) is provided with an ice making device, a post-processing water tank, a circulating pump, a temperature measuring instrument, and a plurality of layers of guide plates are arranged in the post-processing water tank. The inlet of the circulating pump is connected with the outlet of the post-processing water tank, the outlet of the circulating pump is connected with the inlet of the post-processing water tank, and a circulating loop is formed.

9. The monodisperse aerosol generating device of claim 1, wherein, The pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system (1) and the aerosol generator (2) is provided with a first switch (V1), the pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system (1) and the polydisperse aerosol storage tank (6) is provided with a second switch (V2), the pipeline between the aerosol filter (4) and the bipolar charger (5) is provided with a third switch (V3), the pipeline between the bipolar charger (5) and the polydisperse aerosol storage tank (6) is provided with a fourth switch (V4), the pipeline between the polydisperse aerosol storage tank (6) and the aerosol screening device (7) is provided with a fifth switch (V5), the pipeline between the aerosol screening device (7) and the monodisperse aerosol storage tank (8) is provided with a sixth switch (V6), the pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system (1) and the aerosol screening device (7) is provided with a seventh switch (V7), the pipeline between the monodisperse aerosol storage tank (8) and the second aerosol neutralizer (9) is provided with an eighth switch (V8), the pipeline between the monodisperse aerosol storage tank (8) and the pressure regulating system (10) is provided with a ninth switch (V9), and the pipeline between the high-pressure gas supply system (1) and the monodisperse aerosol storage tank (8) is provided with a tenth switch (V10).

10. The monodisperse aerosol generating device of claim 1, wherein, The polydisperse aerosol storage tank (6) is connected to the outlet of the bipolar charger (5), the outlet of the high-pressure gas supply system (1) and the inlet of the aerosol screening device (7) through pipelines, and the upper portion of the polydisperse aerosol storage tank (6) is provided with a first discharge pipeline; the monodisperse aerosol storage tank (8) is connected to the outlet of the aerosol screening device (7), the inlet of the second aerosol neutralizer (9) and the inlet of the pressure regulating system (10) through pipelines, and the upper portion of the monodisperse aerosol storage tank (8) is provided with a second discharge pipeline; the first discharge pipeline is provided with an eleventh switch (V11), and the second discharge pipeline is provided with a twelfth switch (V12).

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