Method and device for reducing mica content in gravel aggregate

Abstract

The invention provides a method for reducing the content of mica in sandstone aggregate, which comprises the following steps: S1, rubbing the sandstone aggregate by using a rubbing mechanism, so that mica with a layered structure in the sandstone aggregate is layered and separated; s2, the rubbed gravel aggregate falls down from the air; s3, air supply is conducted, air flow acts on the falling gravel aggregate, mica mixed in the gravel aggregate is separated from the gravel aggregate, and the gravel aggregate and the mica fall into different positions; s4, the gravel aggregate and the mica are collected at the falling positions of the gravel aggregate and the mica correspondingly; through the steps, separation of the needle sheet materials and the mica of the layered structure from the gravel aggregate is achieved. According to the method and device for reducing the content of mica in the gravel aggregate, mica and needle sheet materials in the gravel aggregate are separated in a winnowing mode, operation is convenient, the separation difficulty is lower, and water pollution can be avoided in the separation process; and kneading is performed before separation, so that the subsequent winnowing difficulty is reduced, and the winnowing effect is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of sand and gravel aggregate processing, and particularly relates to a method and device for reducing the content of mica in sand and gravel aggregate. BACKGROUND

[0002] Mica is one of the common rock-forming minerals, and the parent rock with high mica content is often encountered in the source of concrete sand and gravel aggregate. The sand and gravel aggregate prepared from the parent rock has high content of free mica. The free mica is in the form of flake, has a smooth surface, and is easy to crack along the joint. In addition, the free mica has poor adhesion with the cement paste, which has adverse effects on the workability, mechanical properties and durability of the mortar and concrete mixture.

[0003] The needle and flake materials in the concrete aggregate also have adverse effects on the concrete. It is found through research that, with the increase of the content of needle and flake coarse aggregate, the newly mixed concrete mixture is prone to segregation and bleeding. In addition, with the increase of the content of needle and flake coarse aggregate, the compressive strength, flexural strength and axial compressive strength of the concrete are reduced. The higher the strength grade of the concrete, the more obvious the adverse effects.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the content of mica and needle and flake aggregate in the sand and gravel aggregate before mixing the concrete. The commonly used method in the prior art is to use the flotation method. In the flotation method, the mica ore is crushed, and the mica is dissociated in the form of flake after grinding. The mica is separated from other minerals in the slurry under the action of a collector according to the difference in physical and chemical properties between the mica and other minerals. However, the flotation method has a complicated process, and is prone to water pollution. The subsequent treatment of water pollution increases the cost. In addition, the flotation method can only remove part of the mica, and cannot remove the needle and flake materials of other materials. The mica is easy to be intergrown and adhered with other stones, and cannot be normally floated, so that the mica and other needle and flake materials are difficult to separate, and still affect the quality of the concrete.

[0005] Therefore, the method for separating the mica in the sand and gravel aggregate in the prior art still has defects. SUMMARY

[0006] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a method and device for reducing the content of mica in sand and gravel aggregate, which solves the problems that the mica in the sand and gravel aggregate is difficult to separate and the content of mica is difficult to reduce.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: A method for reducing the content of mica in sand and gravel aggregate, comprising the following steps: S1, rubbing the sand and gravel aggregate with a rubbing mechanism to separate the mica with a layered structure in the sand and gravel aggregate; S2, allowing the rubbed sand and gravel aggregate to fall from the air; S3, air supply, the air flow acts on the falling sand and gravel aggregates, so that the mica mixed in the sand and gravel aggregates is separated from the sand and gravel aggregates, and the sand and gravel aggregates and the mica fall into different positions; S4, collecting the sand and gravel aggregates and the mica at the positions where the sand and gravel aggregates and the mica fall, respectively; Through the above steps, the layered structure of the needle flake material and the mica is separated from the sand and gravel aggregates.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, the separated material also includes the layered structure of the needle flake material.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment, a fine sand separation position is also provided for collecting the fine sand that passes through the mica and the needle flake material.

[0010] From the position where the sand and gravel aggregates fall, the sand and gravel aggregate separation position, the needle flake material separation position, the mica separation position and the fine sand separation position are sequentially arranged in the direction of the air flow.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, the wind speed is controlled by adjusting the cross section of the air flow outlet so that the wind speed is sufficient to affect the falling trajectory of the needle flake material and the mica; A plurality of air flow outlets are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, each air flow outlet is provided with different wind speed, and the air flow outlet with higher wind speed is located at the lower position.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, in step S1, it also includes: S11, uniformly conveying the sand and gravel aggregates; S12, detecting the mica content in the sand and gravel aggregates and the size of the sand and gravel aggregates; S13, changing the rubbing force, rubbing distance and air flow speed according to the detection result.

[0013] A device for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates, comprising a winnowing mechanism, the winnowing mechanism is used for winnowing the sand and gravel aggregates to reduce the mica content in the sand and gravel aggregates; The winnowing mechanism includes a shell, the inside of the shell is provided with a winnowing cavity, the top of the shell is provided with a feeding hole, the feeding hole is communicated with the winnowing cavity, and the feeding hole is used for the sand and gravel aggregates to fall, the bottom of the shell is provided with a sand and gravel aggregate discharge hole, a needle flake material discharge hole and a mica discharge hole, and the sand and gravel aggregate discharge hole is located below the feeding hole; The shell is provided with a fan, the fan is close to the sand and gravel aggregate discharge hole, the air outlet of the fan is connected with an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is connected with an air outlet pipe through a connecting pipe.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, the number of fans, air inlet pipes, connecting pipes and air outlet pipes is the same and not less than 2, and the air outlet pipes are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; The inner wall of the air outlet pipe is provided with a wind guide plate, the side wall of the air outlet pipe is provided with a speed reducer motor, the output shaft of the speed reducer motor is connected with the wind guide plate, and the speed reducer motor is used to drive the wind guide plate to rotate.

[0015] In the preferred scheme, the side of the shell away from the air outlet pipe is provided with a screen, and the bottom of the shell is provided with a fine sand discharge hole below the screen. The side of the shell away from the air outlet pipe is provided with a fixed plate, and the bottom of the fixed plate is provided with a plurality of spray pipes for spraying dust removal.

[0016] In the preferred scheme, a plurality of guide seats are arranged in the shell to separate the fine sand discharge hole, the sandstone discharge hole, the needle piece discharge hole and the mica discharge hole, and a baffle mechanism is arranged on the top of the guide seat. The baffle mechanism includes a sliding block slidingly connected to the inside of the guide seat, and the sliding block is fixedly connected with a baffle extending to the top of the guide seat. The inside of the guide seat is provided with a second motor, and the output shaft of the second motor is fixed with a screw rod penetrating through the sliding block and being threadedly connected with the sliding block. Or the baffle mechanism includes a rotating cylinder rotatably connected to the top of the guide seat, and the rotating cylinder is fixed with a rotating plate on the top thereof. The rotating cylinder is provided with a transmission shaft at both ends thereof for connecting the output shaft of a driving motor.

[0017] In the preferred scheme, the top of the shell is provided with a protective sleeve, and the protective sleeve is provided with a conveying belt extending above the feeding hole. A plurality of height limiting plates are fixed in the protective sleeve above the conveying belt, and the distance between the height limiting plates and the conveying belt gradually decreases, and the distance between the height limiting plate close to the feeding hole and the conveying belt is the smallest. The bottom end of the height limiting plate close to the feeding hole is provided with a plurality of guide rods for dispersing the conveyed sandstone aggregate.

[0018] In the preferred scheme, an inclined guide plate is further arranged, the bottom end of the guide plate is above the conveying belt, the top of the guide plate is provided with a trough for the sandstone aggregate to slide down, the sandstone aggregate is poured into the trough at the top of the guide plate by a conveyor, the guide plate is placed on a support frame, a plurality of vibration springs are arranged between the guide plate and the support frame, and a vibration motor is arranged at the bottom of the guide plate. The top of the guide plate is provided with a plurality of rubbing mechanisms for rubbing the sandstone aggregate sliding down the trough. The rubbing mechanism includes a movable sleeve connected to the top of the guide plate by a driving mechanism, and the movable sleeve is provided with a rubbing frame extending into the trough. The driving mechanism includes a support plate and two support blocks fixed to the top of the guide plate, the top of the support plate is hingedly connected with a first rotating rod, the bottom of the guide plate is provided with a first motor, the output shaft of the first motor is provided with a second rotating rod located at the top of the support block, and the second rotating rod and the first rotating rod are both hingedly connected with one end of a fixed rod, and the other end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the movable sleeve. The interior of the movable sleeve is slidably provided with a plurality of sliding blocks, the sliding blocks are fixedly connected with the kneading frame, the top of the sliding block is provided with a spring, the top of the spring is provided with an adjusting block, the adjusting block is slidably arranged in the interior of the movable sleeve, the interior of the movable sleeve is provided with a threaded rod, the threaded rod is threadedly connected with the adjusting block, one end of the threaded rod is provided with a rotating shaft, the threaded rod is rotatably connected with the movable sleeve through the rotating shaft, the top of the rotating shaft is provided with a first driving block, the adjusting block is square and can only slide; The side of the adjusting block is provided with an indicating strip, and the indicating strip extends to the side of the movable sleeve; The kneading frame comprises a connecting seat fixedly connected with the sliding block, the bottom of the connecting seat is provided with a kneading disc, the kneading disc is located in the interior of the chute, the bottom of the connecting seat is rotatably connected with a threaded column, the threaded column is threadedly connected with the kneading disc, and the top of the threaded column is provided with a second driving block; The feeding end of the guide plate is also provided with a detection mechanism, the detection mechanism comprises a fixing frame connected with the guide plate, the fixing frame is connected with a fixing seat, the side of the fixing seat close to the guide plate is provided with a light source and a plurality of cameras, the lenses of the cameras are aligned with the chute, the fixing frame is connected with a plurality of distance sensors, and the distance sensors are used for detecting the thickness of the sand and gravel aggregates in the chute; The fixing frame is a square frame, one end of the fixing frame close to the chute is provided with two openings, and the openings are used for the sand and gravel aggregates to pass through.

[0019] The present application provides a method and device for reducing the content of mica in sand and gravel aggregates, which has the following advantages: 1. The mica and needle flake material in the sand and gravel aggregates are separated by air separation, reducing the content of mica in the sand and gravel aggregates, facilitating operation, and reducing the difficulty of separation, and avoiding water pollution during the separation process.

[0020] 2. The mica with layered structure in the sand and gravel aggregates is separated by kneading before separation, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent air separation and ensuring the air separation effect.

[0021] 3. The sand and gravel aggregates fall uniformly during air separation, the air flow acting on the sand and gravel aggregates is uniform, the time is sufficient, and the range is wider, thereby ensuring the air separation effect.

[0022] 4. The separated sand and gravel aggregates, needle flake material and mica are collected respectively, and fine sand generated during air separation is collected, which not only avoids waste, but also facilitates subsequent processing.

[0023] 5. The collection area can be adaptively adjusted during air separation to ensure accurate collection after air separation and avoid ineffective separation.

[0024] 6. The kneading mode and air flow are automatically controlled according to the different sand and gravel aggregates, the adaptability is higher, the operation is more convenient, and the separation efficiency of mica in the sand and gravel aggregates is higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the kneading mechanism described in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the kneading mechanism described in this invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air separation mechanism described in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveying mechanism described in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air outlet duct described in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the baffle mechanism described in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the baffle mechanism described in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the detection mechanism described in this invention.

[0026] In the picture: Guide plate 1, trough 101, vibrating motor 102, support frame 103, vibrating spring 104, movable sleeve 2, slider 201, spring 202, adjusting block 203, threaded rod 204, first drive block 205, indicator bar 206, drive mechanism 3, first motor 301, support plate 302, support block 303, first transmission rod 304, second transmission rod 305, fixed rod 306, kneading frame 4, connecting seat 401, kneading disc 402, threaded column 403, second drive block 404, air separation mechanism 5, housing 501, air separation chamber 502, feed hole 503, sand and gravel discharge hole 504, needle plate Material discharge hole 505, mica discharge hole 506, fan 507, air inlet pipe 508, connecting pipe 509, air outlet pipe 510, air guide plate 511, geared motor 512, partition net 513, fine sand discharge hole 514, conveyor belt 6, protective sleeve 601, height limit plate 602, guide rod 603, guide seat 7, baffle mechanism 71, baffle 711, slider 712, second motor 713, screw 714, rotating plate 715, rotating cylinder 716, drive shaft 717, fixed plate 801, spray pipe 802, fixed frame 901, fixed seat 902, camera 903, light source 904, distance sensor 905. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Example 1: A method for reducing the content of mica in sand aggregate, comprising the following steps: S1, rubbing the sand aggregate with a rubbing mechanism to separate the layered mica in the sand aggregate; S2, allowing the rubbed sand aggregate to fall from the air; S3, air supply, the air flow acting on the falling sand aggregate to separate the mica mixed in the sand aggregate from the sand aggregate, and the sand aggregate and the mica falling into different positions; S4, collecting the sand aggregate and the mica at the positions where the sand aggregate and the mica fall, respectively; The layered needle flake and the mica are separated from the sand aggregate through the above steps.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment, the separated material also includes the layered needle flake.

[0029] The mica and the needle flake in the sand aggregate are separated by air separation, the whole process does not use water resources and does not cause water pollution, and the separation operation process is simple, reducing the separation difficulty, In the preferred embodiment, a fine sand separation position is further provided for collecting the fine sand that passes through the mica and the needle flake; the sand aggregate separation position, the needle flake separation position, the mica separation position, and the fine sand separation position are sequentially arranged from the position where the sand aggregate falls to the direction of the air flow.

[0030] The sand aggregate, the needle flake, and the mica are collected separately in the application, so as to be used or treated separately, and the fine sand material generated by air separation can also be collected, so that the fine sand material can be treated (such as mixed into the separated sand aggregate later) as needed, reducing waste.

[0031] In the preferred embodiment, the cross section of the air flow outlet is adjusted to control the wind speed, so that the wind speed is sufficient to affect the falling trajectory of the needle flake and the mica; And a plurality of air flow outlets are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, each air flow outlet is provided with a different wind speed, and the air flow outlet with a higher wind speed is located at the lower position; during the falling process of the sand aggregate, the air flow acting on the sand aggregate is realized through the air outflow of the plurality of air flow outlets, so as to ensure the time and range of the air flow acting on the sand aggregate, and further ensure the air separation effect; the wind speed of the air flow increases from top to bottom, and the sand aggregate is gradually blown and separated, avoiding the sand aggregate from being taken away while separating the mica and the needle flake, and ensuring the air separation effect.

[0032] In the preferred embodiment, the air volume of the air supply is uniform, and the air supply pipeline adopts a square pipeline to ensure that the air can uniformly act on the falling sand aggregate; the air supply of a circular pipeline will cause the air volume to be concentrated in the center, resulting in uneven air supply, while the square pipeline of the application uniformly supplies air, and the separation effect of the mica and the needle flake is better.

[0033] In a preferred solution, in step S1, further comprises: S11, uniformly conveying the sand and gravel aggregate; S12, detecting the mica content and the size of the sand and gravel aggregate; S13, changing the kneading force, kneading distance and wind speed according to the detection results.

[0034] According to the different sizes of sand and gravel aggregate and the different mica contents, the kneading force and distance are adjusted to ensure the effect of kneading and separating mica, and then the wind speed is adjusted, such as: When processing small size (such as machine-made sand), low mica content and thin sand and gravel aggregate, small kneading force and low kneading distance are selected, and small wind speed is selected for the wind flow; When processing small size, high mica content and thin sand and gravel aggregate, small kneading force and low kneading distance are selected, and large wind speed is selected for the wind flow; When processing large size, high mica content and thick sand and gravel aggregate, large kneading force and high kneading distance are selected, and large wind speed is selected for the wind flow; The specific kneading force, kneading distance and wind speed are determined according to the actual situation, and the control unit controls the data acquisition, calculation and equipment operation; for example, the control unit establishes a BP neural network model through neural network training, calculates the mica content, thickness and size of the sand and gravel aggregate according to the measured data, then obtains the kneading force, kneading distance and wind speed according to the preset BP neural network model, and finally controls the corresponding equipment to work.

[0035] Embodiment 2: As shown in Figure 1 , 5 and 7, a device for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregate, comprising a winnowing mechanism 5, the winnowing mechanism 5 is used for winnowing the sand and gravel aggregate to reduce the mica content in the sand and gravel aggregate; The winnowing mechanism 5 comprises a shell 501, the inside of the shell 501 is provided with a winnowing cavity 502, the cross-sectional area of the winnowing cavity 502 is more than 5 times the cross-sectional area of the wind flow outlet to ensure that the falling sand and gravel aggregate, needle flake material and mica have enough falling distance, the top of the shell 501 is provided with a feeding hole 503, the feeding hole 503 is communicated with the winnowing cavity 502 and is used for the sand and gravel aggregate to fall, the bottom of the shell 501 is sequentially provided with a sand and gravel discharge hole 504, a needle flake material discharge hole 505 and a mica discharge hole 506, and the sand and gravel discharge hole 504 is located below the feeding hole 503; The shell 501 is provided with a fan 507, such as a magnetic suspension fan with a pressure of 0.6Mpa, a high-speed centrifugal fan with a pressure of 0.1Mpa, etc. The fan 507 is close to the sand and stone discharging hole 504, the air outlet of the fan 507 is connected with the air inlet pipe 508, the air inlet pipe 508 is connected with the air outlet pipe 510 through the connecting pipe 509.

[0036] In use, the sand and stone aggregate winded by the fan 507 falls through the feeding hole 503, the fan 507 generates air flow, the air flow blows out after passing through the air inlet pipe 508, the connecting pipe 509 and the air outlet pipe 510, the blown air acts on the falling sand and stone aggregate, because the suspension speed of the needle flake material, the sand and stone material (granular) and the mica in the air flow is different (the force area is different), thus the needle flake material, the sand and stone material and the mica will fly different distances under the action of the air flow, and finally fall through different positions, the sand and stone discharging hole 504, the needle flake material discharging hole 505 and the mica discharging hole 506 are arranged at the falling positions, for collecting the sand and stone material, the needle flake material and the mica.

[0037] In the preferred scheme, the number of the fan 507, the air inlet pipe 508, the connecting pipe 509 and the air outlet pipe 510 is the same and is not less than 2, the air outlet pipe 510 is arranged from top to bottom in sequence, so that the sand and stone aggregate can continuously be affected by the air flow during the falling process, and the winnowing separation effect is ensured, and the air outlet pipe 510 is arranged as a square pipe, so that the cross section of the generated air flow is close to square, the air flow is not concentrated in the middle, the uniformity of the air flow is better, and the winnowing effect is ensured. The inner wall of the air outlet pipe 510 is provided with the air guide plate 511, the sidewall of the air outlet pipe 510 is provided with the speed reducer motor 512, the speed reducer motor 512 is preferably the existing speed reducer stepping motor, the output shaft of the speed reducer motor 512 is connected with the air guide plate 511, for driving the air guide plate 511 to rotate, one end of the air guide plate 511 away from the opening of the air outlet pipe 510 is close to the inner wall of the air outlet pipe 510, and this end is connected with the output shaft of the speed reducer motor 512, in use, the speed reducer motor 512 is started to drive the air guide plate 511 to rotate, so that the opening size of the air outlet pipe 510 can be changed, so that the wind speed can be changed, to adapt to different wind speed requirements. According to needs, the air guide plate 511 can be arranged Figure 7 The air guide plate 511 can be arranged oppositely, or can be arranged on one side, which is determined according to actual use.

[0038] In the preferred scheme, the side of the shell 501 away from the air outlet pipe 510 is provided with the screen 513, the bottom of the shell 501 is provided with the fine sand discharging hole 514, and the fine sand discharging hole 514 is located below the screen 513.

[0039] The fine sand in the sand and stone aggregate will be driven by the wind to pass through the positions for collecting the mica and the needle flake material, and finally be blocked by the screen 513, and finally fall down, so that the fine sand can be collected in the fine sand discharging hole 514, and the collected fine sand can be directly used or mixed into the sand and stone aggregate after winnowing according to needs.

[0040] In the preferred scheme, the shell 501 is provided with a fixed plate 801 away from one side of the air outlet pipe 510, and the bottom of the fixed plate 801 is provided with a plurality of spray pipes 802 for spraying dust to avoid dust generated by air selection from being scattered.

[0041] Embodiment 3: As shown in Figure 5 and 8 , the shell 501 is provided with a plurality of guide seats 7 for separating the fine sand discharge hole 514, the gravel discharge hole 504, the needle piece material discharge hole 505 and the mica discharge hole 506, and the top of the guide seat 7 is provided with a baffle mechanism 71. In use, the fine sand, gravel, needle piece material and mica will fly different distances through the influence of air flow, so as to pass through different areas. The guide seat 7 is arranged at the decomposition position of these areas to form a gravel aggregate separation position, a needle piece material separation position, a mica separation position and a fine sand separation position. The specific installation position is determined according to the actual situation. In the preferred scheme, the baffle mechanism 71 includes a sliding block 712 slidingly connected to the inside of the guide seat 7, and the sliding block 712 is fixedly connected with a baffle 711 extending to the top of the guide seat 7. The inside of the guide seat 7 is fixedly connected with a second motor 713, which is preferably a servo motor. The output shaft of the second motor 713 is fixedly connected with a screw rod 714, which penetrates through the sliding block 712 and is threadedly connected with the sliding block 712. According to the actual separation situation, the second motor 713 is started to drive the screw rod 714 to rotate, thereby driving the sliding block 712 to ascend and descend, and driving the baffle 711 to ascend and descend. The ascending and descending of the baffle 711 can change the flight height of the allowed material, thereby controlling the type of the passing material. For example, the gravel aggregate with a low flight height affected by the air flow cannot pass over the corresponding baffle 711, and can fall through the gravel aggregate separation position to be collected. The needle piece material or mica with a high flight height affected by the air flow can pass over the corresponding baffle 711, and will not fall through the gravel aggregate separation position to be collected, so as to accurately collect. The specific height is adjusted according to the actual air selection situation, and the operation is simple and the adaptability is better.

[0042] Embodiment 4: As shown in Figure 5 and 9 , the baffle mechanism 71 includes a rotating cylinder 716 rotatably connected to the top of the guide seat 7, and the top of the rotating cylinder 716 is fixedly connected with a rotating plate 715. The two ends of the rotating cylinder 716 are provided with transmission shafts 717 for connecting the output shaft of a driving motor, which is preferably a stepping motor. According to the actual separation situation, the driving motor is started to drive the transmission shaft 717 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating cylinder 716 and the rotating plate 715 to rotate, that is, the position of the top end of the rotating plate 715 can be changed, the flight distance of the allowed passing material can be changed, and the type of the passing material can be controlled. For example, the sand and gravel aggregate affected by the wind flow and flying a short distance cannot pass the corresponding rotating plate 715, and can fall through the sand and gravel aggregate separation position and be collected, while the needle piece material or mica affected by the wind flow and flying a long distance can pass the corresponding rotating plate 715, and will not fall through the sand and gravel aggregate separation position and be collected, so that accurate collection can be achieved. The specific height is adjusted according to the actual winnowing situation, the operation is simple, and the adaptability is better.

[0043] Embodiment 5 As shown in Figure 1 , 5 and 6, the top of the shell 501 is provided with a protective sleeve 601, the protective sleeve 601 is provided with a conveying belt 6, the conveying belt 6 is preferably a belt conveying belt, one end of the conveying belt 6 extends above the feeding hole 503; A plurality of height limiting plates 602 are fixed in the protective sleeve 601, the height limiting plates 602 are located above the conveying belt 6, and the distance between the height limiting plates 602 and the conveying belt 6 gradually decreases, and the distance between the height limiting plate 602 close to the feeding hole 503 and the conveying belt 6 is the smallest; The bottom end of the height limiting plate 602 close to the feeding hole 503 is provided with a plurality of guide rods 603 for dispersing the conveyed sand and gravel aggregate.

[0044] The sand and gravel aggregate to be winnowed is first sent to the conveying belt 6, and then conveyed through the conveying belt 6. In the conveying process, the sand and gravel aggregate is first limited in height by the height limiting plate 602 to avoid the sand and gravel aggregate being too large or being too high, and then dispersed by the guide rod 603 after passing through multiple height limiting plates. Finally, the sand and gravel aggregate falls through the end of the conveying belt 6, which can ensure the uniformity of the falling of the sand and gravel aggregate, and further ensure the winnowing effect.

[0045] Embodiment 6 As shown in Figure 1 , 2The material guide plate 1 is arranged obliquely, the bottom end of the material guide plate 1 is located above the conveying belt 6, the top of the material guide plate 1 is provided with a material groove 101 for the sand and stone aggregates to slide down, the sand and stone aggregates are poured into the material groove 101 at the top end of the material guide plate 1 by the existing transport machine (excavator or feeding conveying belt), the material guide plate 1 is placed on a support frame 103, the support frame 103 is placed on the ground in the working area, the support frame 103 is the existing frame body, and the specific height is determined according to the actual working environment, a plurality of vibration springs 104 are arranged between the material guide plate 1 and the support frame 103, the vibration spring 104 is a vibration auxiliary spring commonly used in the existing vibration equipment such as a vibrating screen, and the bottom of the material guide plate 1 is provided with a vibration motor 102. The top of the material guide plate 1 is provided with a plurality of rubbing mechanisms for rubbing the sand and stone aggregates sliding down from the material groove 101. By rubbing the sand and stone aggregates, the needle-shaped materials or mica in the sand and stone aggregates can be separated layer by layer, so that the sand and stone aggregates are more dispersed, to facilitate subsequent winnowing.

[0046] In the preferred scheme, the rubbing mechanism comprises a movable sleeve 2 connected to the top of the material guide plate 1 through a driving mechanism 3, the movable sleeve 2 is provided with a rubbing frame 4 extending into the material groove 101. The driving mechanism 3 comprises a support plate 302 fixed to the top of the material guide plate 1 and two support blocks 303, the top of the support plate 302 is hinged with a first rotating rod 304, the bottom of the material guide plate 1 is provided with a first motor 301, the first motor 301 is preferably a servo motor, the output shaft of the first motor 301 is provided with a second rotating rod 304, the second rotating rod 304 is located at the top of the support block 303, and the second rotating rod 304 and the first rotating rod 304 are both hinged with one end of a fixed rod 306, the other end of the fixed rod 306 is fixedly connected with the movable sleeve 2.

[0047] In use, the first motor 301 is started to drive the second rotating rod 304 to rotate, thereby driving the fixed rod 306 connected thereto to move, thereby driving the movable sleeve 2 and the rubbing frame 4 in the movable sleeve 2 to move, and through the cooperation of the two second rotating rods 304 and the first rotating rod 304, the movable sleeve 2 and the rubbing frame 4 in the movable sleeve 2 are continuously moved to rub the sand and stone aggregates.

[0048] In the preferred scheme, the inner sliding of the movable sleeve 2 is provided with a plurality of sliding blocks 201, the sliding blocks 201 are fixedly connected with the kneading frame 4, the top of the sliding block 201 is provided with a spring 202, the top of the spring 202 is provided with an adjusting block 203, the adjusting block 203 is slidingly arranged in the inner part of the movable sleeve 2, the inner part of the movable sleeve 2 is provided with a threaded rod 204, the threaded rod 204 is threadedly connected with the adjusting block 203, one end of the threaded rod 204 is provided with a rotating shaft, the threaded rod 204 is rotatably connected with the movable sleeve 2 through the rotating shaft, that is, the part of the threaded rod 204 rotatably connected with the movable sleeve 2 is not provided with a thread, only the movable part of the adjusting block 203 is provided with a thread threadedly connected with the adjusting block 203, the top of the rotating shaft is provided with a first driving block 205, the adjusting block 203 is square-shaped and can only slide, a sliding groove is formed in the movable sleeve 2, and the adjusting block 203 slides in the sliding groove; The first driving block 205 drives the threaded rod 204 to rotate, thereby driving the adjusting block 203 to move up and down, so as to adjust the elastic force of the spring 202, the elastic force of the spring 202 acts on the kneading frame 4 through the sliding block 201, that is, the counterweight of the kneading frame 4 can be changed, and finally acts on the sand and stone aggregate to be kneaded. As can be seen from the above, the elastic force of the spring 202 can be adjusted to adjust the force acting on the sand and stone aggregate, so as to adapt to different kneading requirements. In actual kneading, the required force is adjusted, and the specific size is adjusted according to the actual situation. At the same time, the counterweight block can be added or reduced on the top of the kneading frame 4, the counterweight of the kneading frame 4 can be changed by adding or reducing the counterweight block, and the force acting on the sand and stone aggregate by the kneading frame 4 can also be adjusted.

[0049] An indicating strip 206 is arranged on the side surface of the adjusting block 203, the indicating strip 206 extends to the side surface of the movable sleeve 2, and the position of the adjusting block 203 is prompted through the indicating strip 206, so as to facilitate the user to adjust. In the preferred scheme, the kneading frame 4 comprises a connecting seat 401 fixedly connected with the sliding block 201, the bottom of the connecting seat 401 is provided with a kneading disc 402, the kneading disc 402 is located in the inner part of the chute 101, the bottom of the connecting seat 401 is rotatably connected with a threaded column 403, the top end of the threaded column 403 is not provided with a thread in the part connected with the connecting seat 401, so as to ensure that the threaded column 403 is only rotatably connected with the connecting seat 401, the threaded column 403 is threadedly connected with the kneading disc 402, the top of the threaded column 403 is provided with a second driving block 404, the second driving block 404 drives the threaded column 403 to rotate, thereby driving the kneading disc 402 to move up and down, so as to adjust the position of the kneading disc 402 away from the chute 101, so as to adapt to sand and stone aggregates of different sizes.

[0050] The kneading disc 402 can be fixedly connected with a positioning sliding rod, and the positioning sliding rod is slidingly connected in the inner part of the connecting seat 401.

[0051] The first driving block 205 and the second driving block 404 can be a crank, a knob or a motor according to needs.

[0052] The term "sand and gravel aggregate" as used in this application includes, but is not limited to, manufactured sand and mineral sand.

[0053] The aforementioned motors and fans, such as 507, are all controlled by a control unit, preferably a PLC.

[0054] Example 7: like Figure 10 As shown, the feeding end of the guide plate 1 is also provided with a detection mechanism. The detection mechanism includes a fixed frame 901 connected to the guide plate 1. The fixed frame 901 is connected to a fixed seat 902. The fixed seat 902 is provided with a light source 904 and multiple cameras 903 on the side near the guide plate 1. The lenses of the cameras 903 are aimed at the material trough 101. The fixed frame 901 is connected to multiple distance sensors 905. The distance sensors 905 are preferably infrared sensors. The distance sensors 905 are used to detect the thickness of the sand and gravel aggregate in the material trough 101. In this embodiment, the first drive block 205 and the second drive block 404 are both motors, preferably servo motors. The motors, fans 507, cameras 903, light sources 904 and distance sensors 905 are all connected to a control unit, such as a PLC. The fixing frame 901 is square-shaped, and the fixing frame 901 has two openings at one end near the material trough 101 for sand and gravel aggregate to pass through. During operation, the light source 904 emits light that shines onto the sand and gravel aggregates that slide down into the trough 101. The sand and gravel aggregates have low reflectivity and reflect less light, while mica has high reflectivity and reflects more light. The camera 903 receives the reflected light and records the image. The control unit acquires the image. The light reflected by the mica is recorded as light spots, while the light reflected by the sand and gravel aggregates is not recorded as light spots. The mica content can be obtained based on the proportion of light spots in the image. In order to increase accuracy, the average mica content is calculated by acquiring images from multiple cameras. In addition, a camera is used to acquire photos of sand and gravel. The control unit obtains the particle size of the sand and gravel aggregate based on the photos. If the ratio of the acquired photo to the actual image is 1:5, the control unit multiplies the diameter of a single sand and gravel in the photo by 5 to obtain the actual size. The maximum value of a single sand and gravel size in the photo can be used, or multiple values ​​can be averaged. The specific measurement and calculation method and the selected value can be determined according to the actual situation. The distance between the distance sensor 905 and the sand and gravel aggregate is obtained. As the sand and gravel aggregate slides, multiple distances are recorded. The average value of the recorded distances is calculated. Then, the average value is subtracted from the initial distance to obtain the thickness of the sand and gravel aggregate. The greater the thickness, the more sand and gravel aggregate there is. The initial distance is the distance between the sensor 905 and the bottom of the chute 101. The control unit calculates according to the obtained mica content, particle size and sand aggregate thickness and other information through a preset control program (such as a BP neural network model, the BP neural network model adopts an existing model and a training mode, the input layer of the BP neural network is: mica content, particle size and sand aggregate thickness and other information, and the output layer of the BP neural network is: rubbing distance, rubbing force, air flow speed and air flow air port), and then controls the corresponding second driving block 404, first driving block 205, fan 507 and second motor 713 to start, so as to adjust the rubbing distance, rubbing force, air flow speed and air flow air port, and the operation is simple, automatic control, and it is more convenient for efficient separation of mica in sand aggregate.

[0055] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present application, and should not be regarded as a limitation of the present application. The protection scope of the present application should be the technical solutions recited in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features recited in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this range are also within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. The sand and gravel aggregate is kneaded by a kneading mechanism to separate the mica with a layered structure in the sand and gravel aggregate into layers; S2. Allow the kneaded sand and gravel aggregate to fall from the air; S3. Air supply: The airflow acts on the falling sand and gravel aggregate, causing the mica mixed in the sand and gravel aggregate to separate from the sand and gravel aggregate, and the sand and gravel aggregate and mica fall into different positions. S4. Collect the sand and gravel aggregate and mica at the locations where they fall, respectively. The above steps achieve the separation of layered needle-like and flake materials and mica from sand and gravel aggregates.

2. The method for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separated materials also include layered needle-like materials.

3. The method for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also has a fine sand separation station for collecting fine sand that has passed over mica and flaky material; From the point where the sand and gravel aggregate falls, in the direction of the airflow, there are successively sand and gravel aggregate separation points, needle-shaped and flaky material separation points, mica separation points, and fine sand separation points.

4. A method for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: By adjusting the cross-section of the airflow outlet, the wind speed is controlled to be sufficient to affect the falling trajectory of the needle-shaped material and mica. Multiple airflow outlets are arranged from top to bottom, each with a different airflow speed. The airflow outlet with the higher airflow speed is located at the bottom. Step S1 also includes: S11. Uniformly convey sand and gravel aggregates; S12. Detect the mica content and size of sand and gravel aggregates; S13. Adjust the kneading force, kneading distance, and airflow speed based on the test results.

5. A device for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates, characterized in that: Includes an air separation unit (5), which is used to air separate sand and gravel aggregates to reduce the mica content in the sand and gravel aggregates; The air separation mechanism (5) includes a housing (501), an air separation chamber (502) is provided inside the housing (501), a feed hole (503) is provided at the top of the housing (501), the feed hole (503) is connected to the air separation chamber (502) for the sand and gravel aggregate to fall, and a sand and gravel discharge hole (504), a needle-shaped material discharge hole (505) and a mica discharge hole (506) are provided at the bottom of the housing (501), with the sand and gravel discharge hole (504) located below the feed hole (503); The housing (501) is equipped with a fan (507), which is close to the sand and gravel discharge hole (504). The air outlet of the fan (507) is connected to an air inlet pipe (508), and the air inlet pipe (508) is connected to an air outlet pipe (510) through a connecting pipe (509).

6. The device for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of fans (507), air inlet pipes (508), connecting pipes (509) and air outlet pipes (510) is the same and not less than 2, and the air outlet pipes (510) are arranged from top to bottom; The inner wall of the air outlet pipe (510) is provided with a guide plate (511), and the side wall of the air outlet pipe (510) is provided with a geared motor (512). The output shaft of the geared motor (512) is connected to the guide plate (511) to drive the guide plate (511) to rotate.

7. The device for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates according to claim 5, characterized in that: A mesh (513) is provided on the side of the housing (501) away from the air outlet pipe (510), and a fine sand discharge hole (514) is provided at the bottom of the housing (501), which is located below the mesh (513). A fixing plate (801) is provided on the side of the housing (501) away from the air outlet pipe (510). Multiple spray pipes (802) are provided at the bottom of the fixing plate (801) for spray dust removal.

8. The device for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates according to claim 7, characterized in that: The housing (501) is provided with multiple guide seats (7) to separate and form fine sand discharge hole (514), sand and gravel discharge hole (504), needle and flake material discharge hole (505) and mica discharge hole (506). The top of the guide seat (7) is provided with a baffle mechanism (71). The baffle mechanism (71) includes a slider (712) slidably connected inside the guide seat (7), a baffle (711) fixedly connected to the slider (712), the baffle (711) extending to the top of the guide seat (7), a second motor (713) is provided inside the guide seat (7), the output shaft of the second motor (713) is fixed with a screw (714), the screw (714) passes through the slider (712) and is threadedly connected to the slider (712); The baffle mechanism (71) includes a rotating cylinder (716) rotatably connected to the top of the guide seat (7). A rotating plate (715) is fixed to the top of the rotating cylinder (716). Both ends of the rotating cylinder (716) are provided with a transmission shaft (717), which is used to connect to the output shaft of the drive motor.

9. The device for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the housing (501) is provided with a protective sleeve (601), and a conveyor belt (6) is provided inside the protective sleeve (601). One end of the conveyor belt (6) extends above the feed hole (503). Multiple height limiting plates (602) are fixed inside the protective sleeve (601). The height limiting plates (602) are located above the conveyor belt (6), and the distance between the height limiting plates (602) and the conveyor belt (6) gradually decreases. The height limiting plate (602) closest to the feed hole (503) is the closest to the conveyor belt (6). Multiple guide rods (603) are provided at the bottom of the height limiting plate (602) near the feed hole (503) for breaking up the conveyed sand and gravel aggregate.

10. The device for reducing the mica content in sand and gravel aggregates according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes an inclined guide plate (1), the bottom of the guide plate (1) is located above the conveyor belt (6), the top of the guide plate (1) is provided with a trough (101) for sand and gravel aggregate to slide down, the sand and gravel aggregate is poured into the trough (101) at the top of the guide plate (1) by the conveyor, the guide plate (1) is placed on the support frame (103), a plurality of vibration springs (104) are provided between the guide plate (1) and the support frame (103), and a vibration motor (102) is provided at the bottom of the guide plate (1). The top of the guide plate (1) is provided with multiple sets of kneading mechanisms for kneading the sand and gravel aggregates sliding down the trough (101); The kneading mechanism includes a movable sleeve (2) connected to the top of the guide plate (1) via a drive mechanism (3), and a kneading frame (4) is provided inside the movable sleeve (2), which extends into the material trough (101); The drive mechanism (3) includes a support plate (302) fixed to the top of the guide plate (1) and two support blocks (303). The top of the support plate (302) is hinged with a first rotating rod (304). The bottom of the guide plate (1) is provided with a first motor (301). The output shaft of the first motor (301) is provided with a second rotating rod (304). The second rotating rod (304) is located on the top of the support block (303). Both the second rotating rod (304) and the first rotating rod (304) are hinged with one end of a fixed rod (306). The other end of the fixed rod (306) is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve (2). Multiple sliders (201) are slidably arranged inside the movable sleeve (2). The sliders (201) are fixedly connected to the kneading frame (4). A spring (202) is provided on the top of the slider (201). An adjusting block (203) is provided on the top of the spring (202). The adjusting block (203) is slidably arranged inside the movable sleeve (2). A threaded rod (204) is provided inside the movable sleeve (2). The threaded rod (204) is threadedly connected to the adjusting block (203). A rotating shaft is provided at one end of the threaded rod (204). The threaded rod (204) is rotatably connected to the movable sleeve (2) through the rotating shaft. A first driving block (205) is provided on the top of the rotating shaft. The adjusting block (203) is square and can only slide. An indicator strip (206) is provided on the side of the adjusting block (203), and the indicator strip (206) extends to the side of the movable sleeve (2); The kneading frame (4) includes a connecting seat (401) fixedly connected to the slider (201). The bottom of the connecting seat (401) is provided with a kneading disc (402), which is located inside the material trough (101). The bottom of the connecting seat (401) is rotatably connected with a threaded column (403), which is threadedly connected to the kneading disc (402). The top of the threaded column (403) is provided with a second driving block (404). The feed end of the guide plate (1) is also equipped with a detection mechanism. The detection mechanism includes a fixed frame (901) connected to the guide plate (1). The fixed frame (901) is connected to a fixed seat (902). The fixed seat (902) is equipped with a light source (904) and multiple cameras (903) on the side of the fixed seat (902) close to the guide plate (1). The lens of the camera (903) is aimed at the trough (101). The fixed frame (901) is connected to multiple distance sensors (905). The distance sensors (905) are used to detect the thickness of the sand and gravel aggregate in the trough (101). The fixing frame (901) is square-shaped. The fixing frame (901) has two openings at one end near the material trough (101) for sand and gravel aggregate to pass through.

Images