Multi-part synchronous assembling tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-part synchronous assembly tool, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical assembly, and is used for embedding an insert into a first position of a base plate and pressing a press-fitting piece into a second position of the base plate at the same time. The mold mainly comprises an upper mold assembly, an insert assembly module and a lower mold assembly. The upper die assembly comprises an upper connecting plate, an inclined wedge block and a pressing part, the insert assembling module comprises a middle plate used for bearing the base plate and a sliding block capable of sliding horizontally. The lower die assembly comprises a lower connecting plate and a supporting assembly. When the upper connecting plate is driven to be pressed downwards, the inclined wedge block pushes the sliding block to move horizontally, and the insert is pushed into the first position of the base plate. Meanwhile, the pressing component presses the base plate downwards, so that the base plate is in press fit with the press fitting piece on the supporting assembly. According to the tool, synchronous, accurate and efficient assembly of a plurality of parts is achieved through single driving action, and the problems that step-by-step assembly is low in efficiency and mistaken assembly is prone to occurring are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts assembly technology, and more specifically to a multi-part synchronous assembly tooling. Background Technology

[0002] In automotive parts manufacturing, many components are assembled from multiple small parts on a substrate. For example, in a lidar bracket assembly, a substrate 103 is included, and inserts and press-fit parts need to be assembled at different locations on the substrate 103, as detailed below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Multiple slots 1031 are formed at the edge of the substrate 103 for inserting bushings 101 (inserts); multiple upward-protruding pillars 102 are provided in the middle of the substrate 103, and washers (press-fitting parts) need to be pressed onto the pillars 102. In addition, many similar results require multi-part assembly including pressing and inserting. Currently, there are two main traditional methods for such multi-part assembly operations. One is step-by-step mechanical assembly, which uses different equipment or tooling to complete the inserting of bushings and the pressing of washers in at least two separate processes. This method has significant drawbacks: vibrations or operations during the assembly of the second-step parts may cause the parts assembled in the first step to shift or even fall off, resulting in missing parts or unqualified assembly, making it difficult to guarantee product consistency and quality. The second is manual assembly, which, while avoiding interference between parts to some extent, is extremely inefficient, has high production costs, and the assembly quality depends on the operator's skill level, making standardization and large-scale production difficult.

[0003] Therefore, existing technologies suffer from problems such as low installation efficiency, easy omissions or assembly defects, and high process costs due to the difficulty in synchronously installing inserts and press-fit components at different locations on the same substrate. There is an urgent need for a tooling that can achieve synchronous, rapid, and precise assembly of inserts and press-fit components at different locations on the same substrate to improve production efficiency and product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to develop a multi-part synchronous assembly fixture to solve the problems of low assembly efficiency, easy omissions, and high process costs caused by the step-by-step installation or manual installation of parts at different positions on the same substrate in the prior art; the fixture completes the insertion of inserts and the pressing of press-fit parts on the same substrate through a single driving action, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of multi-parts.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A multi-part synchronous assembly fixture for inserting an insert into a first position on a substrate and pressing a press-fitting component into a second position on the substrate, comprising: an upper mold assembly including an upper connecting plate, and a wedge block and a pressing component connected to the upper connecting plate, the wedge block and the pressing component extending downward relative to the upper connecting plate; an insert assembly module including a middle plate for supporting and circumferentially limiting the substrate, and a sliding block disposed on the edge of the middle plate and slidingly engaging with the middle plate, the first position and the insert loading position being located on the sliding path of the sliding block; and a lower mold assembly including a lower connecting plate and a support assembly for supporting the press-fitting component. The upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are connected by a guide telescopic rod, and the middle plate is connected to the lower connecting plate by the lower telescopic rod. In this design, the upper connecting plate is driven to press down relative to the lower connecting plate, causing the inclined surface of the wedge block to push against the sliding block, thereby pushing the sliding block horizontally to push the insert into the first position. Simultaneously, the downward movement of the upper connecting plate causes the pressing component to press down on the substrate, so that the substrate is press-fitted with the pressing component on the support assembly. The beneficial effects of this technical solution are: through the coordinated work of the upper mold assembly, the insert assembly module, and the lower mold assembly, synchronous, rapid, and precise pressing of multiple parts is achieved. Specifically, the downward pressing action of the upper mold assembly simultaneously drives the movement of the wedge block and the pressing component. The wedge block, through its inclined surface design, converts the vertical downward force into a horizontal force pushing the sliding block, thereby precisely pushing the insert into the first position of the substrate. At the same time, the pressing component presses down on the substrate, causing it to press-fit with the pressing component on the support assembly. This design not only improves assembly efficiency but also ensures the one-time precise positioning of the insert and pressing component, effectively avoiding the problems of missed or incorrect installation. Furthermore, this tooling simplifies the operation process and reduces manufacturing costs by completing the synchronous assembly of multiple parts through a single drive action. In practical applications, this tooling can be widely used in situations requiring the synchronous assembly of multiple parts. Preferably, it also includes a first laser sensor and a second laser sensor for detecting the installation position of inserts and press-fit parts; the first and second laser sensors monitor the position of each part in a timely manner to avoid omissions or misalignments. In one feasible embodiment, a roller is connected to the side of the sliding block near the wedge block; when the upper mold assembly is pressed down, the inclined surface of the wedge block contacts the roller, and the vertical motion is converted into horizontal motion through the cooperation of the inclined surface and the roller; the sliding friction is converted into rolling friction, reducing the friction and wear between the wedge block and the sliding block, making the movement smoother, and improving the tooling's lifespan and reliability. In one feasible embodiment, the sliding block is connected to the middle plate through a return spring; when the wedge block moves down and pushes the sliding block to move horizontally, the return spring is compressed. In one feasible embodiment, the pressing component includes a pressure plate and a compression rod connected to the upper connecting plate. The pressure plate corresponds vertically to the middle plate. A pre-compression block is sleeved on the lower end of the compression rod, and the lower end of the compression rod is slidably connected to the pre-compression block. A pre-compression spring sleeved outside the compression rod is provided between the lower end face of the upper connecting plate and the upper end face of the pre-compression block. In its natural state, the lower surface of the pre-compression block is lower than the lower surface of the pressure plate. When the upper connecting plate is pressed down, the pre-compression block first contacts the base plate. After the pre-compression spring is compressed, the pressure plate contacts the middle plate.Furthermore, the pre-pressing block is provided with a compression through hole that slides with the lower part of the compression rod. The second position is provided with a mounting hole and a support column. The pressing component is a washer. The support column passes through the mounting hole from top to bottom, with its top positioned above the substrate. The compression through hole and the compression rod correspond vertically to the top of the support column. During the pressing process of the upper connecting plate, the pre-pressing block first contacts the substrate, pre-pressing and positioning it. At this time, the pre-pressing spring is compressed, providing initial positioning and preventing the substrate from shifting during subsequent pressing. As the upper connecting plate continues to press down, the lower end of the compression rod continues to move within the compression through hole of the pre-pressing block. When the lower end of the compression rod abuts against the top of the support column, the support column remains vertical, ensuring the pressing force is transmitted vertically and avoiding pressing defects caused by support column misalignment. In one feasible implementation, the second position is provided with a mounting hole and a support column, the support column passing through the mounting hole from top to bottom and the lower end of the support column being located below the substrate; the support assembly includes a hollow support cylinder fixed to the lower connecting plate, the press-fit component is a washer disposed at the upper opening of the support cylinder, the upper opening of the support cylinder and the inner hole of the washer correspond vertically to the lower end of the support column; when the upper connecting plate continues to press down to move the substrate downward, the lower end of the support column passes through the upper opening of the support cylinder and the inner hole of the washer and extends into the support cylinder, the lower end of the support column is circumferentially limited to avoid impact displacement.

[0006] Furthermore, the support assembly also includes a push rod and a support spring disposed within the support cylinder; the push rod slides against the inner wall of the support cylinder, and the support spring is located below the push rod; when the upper connecting plate moves down to the end of its stroke, the lower end of the support column extends into the support cylinder and abuts against the push rod. In one feasible embodiment, an adjusting block is connected to the middle plate, and the adjusting block has a guide surface extending to the sliding path of the sliding block; when the wedge block drives the sliding block to move horizontally, the guide surface of the adjusting block can guide the sliding block to accurately push the insert into the groove of the first position of the substrate. This design effectively compensates for the positional offset of the substrate caused by processing errors. Even if there is a certain deviation between the actual position of the groove and the theoretical position, the adjusting block can still ensure that the insert is accurately positioned through the adjustment function of the guide surface. In one feasible embodiment, a nitrogen spring is disposed between the middle plate and the lower connecting plate, and an auxiliary pressure plate can press down on the middle plate to counteract the force of the nitrogen spring during the final assembly of the press-fit component. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the substrate; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the substrate; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure for a multi-part synchronous assembly tooling; Figure 4 Front view of a multi-part synchronous assembly fixture; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the press-fit module structure for multi-part synchronous assembly tooling; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the substrate confined on the middle plate; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of the middle substrate; Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of a tooling for simultaneous assembly of multiple parts; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 10 for Figure 6 Top view of the structure; Figure 11 for Figure 6 Top view of the structure behind the hidden substrate.

[0008] In the diagram: 101, bushing; 102, support; 1021, washer; 103, substrate; 1031, groove; 201. Press-fit module; 202. Insert assembly module; 203. Lower mold assembly; 1. Guide telescopic rod; 11. Upper connecting plate; 12. Compression rod; 121. Spring seat; 122. Preload block; 13. Lower connecting plate; 131. Lower telescopic rod; 141. First laser sensor; 142. Second laser sensor; 15. Support assembly; 151. Support cylinder; 152. Top rod; 16. Support spring; 17. Nitrogen spring; 2. Pressure plate; 3. Wedge block; 31. Inclined surface; 4. Middle plate; 5. Preload spring; 6. Roller; 7. Side slider; 8. Sliding block; 81. Return spring; 9. Adjusting block; 91. Guide surface. Detailed Implementation

[0009] First, those skilled in the art should understand that the following embodiments are merely used to explain the technical principles of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0010] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0011] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0012] To make the objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 , Figure 2 The images show the front and back sides of a substrate 103. The substrate 103 has several grooves 1031 (first position) on its edge and several pillars 102 (second position) in its middle. A bushing 101 (insertion) needs to be inserted into the grooves 1031 on the edge of the substrate 103, and a washer 1021 (press-fitting) is pressed onto the pillars 102 in the middle of the substrate 103.

[0014] like Figures 3 to 11 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-part synchronous assembly fixture for assembly. Figure 1 , Figure 2 The parts described herein.

[0015] This multi-part synchronous assembly fixture includes a pressing module 201, an insert assembly module 202, and a lower mold assembly 203 distributed from top to bottom; The pressing module 201 includes an upper connecting plate 11, which is connected to a guide telescopic rod 1, a compression rod 12, an inclined wedge block 3, and a pressure plate 2. The insert assembly module 202 includes a middle plate 4 and a sliding block 8 disposed on the edge of the middle plate 4 and slidably engaged with the middle plate 4. The middle plate 4 supports the substrate 103 and limits the circumferential position of the substrate 103. The insert groove 1031 and the insert loading station are located on the sliding path of the sliding block 8. The lower mold assembly 203 includes a lower connecting plate 13, a lower telescopic rod 131, and a support assembly 15 for supporting the washer; The upper connecting plate 11 and the lower connecting plate 14 are connected by a guide telescopic rod 1, and the middle plate 1 is connected to the lower connecting plate 13 by a lower telescopic rod 131. The upper connecting plate 11 is connected to a pre-pressing block 122 by a compression rod 12. The pre-pressing block 122 has a compression through hole, and the lower end of the compression rod 12 extends into the compression through hole and can slide within the compression through hole. A pre-pressing spring 5 is also provided between the lower end face of the upper connecting plate 11 and the upper end face of the pre-pressing block 122, which is sleeved on the compression rod 12. In its natural state, the lower end of the pre-pressing block 122 is lower than the lower end of the pressure plate 2, and the pre-pressing block 122 corresponds to the base plate 103 in the vertical direction. The pressure plate 2 corresponds to the middle plate 4 in the vertical direction.

[0016] A first laser sensor 141 and a second laser sensor 142, respectively positioned at the edge and center of the substrate 103, are used to identify whether the parts to be assembled have been placed in the designated positions of the tooling. This, combined with the equipment, prevents parts from being missed. (Refer to...) Figure 6 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 The first laser sensor 141 extends above the middle plate and can detect the position of the bushing 101. The second laser sensor 142 is located directly below the substrate 103 and can detect whether the gasket 1021 is installed in place. In this embodiment, the angle between the inclined surface 31 of the wedge block 3 and the horizontal plane is greater than 45 degrees (less than 90 degrees) to reduce the radial force on the roller when it contacts the roller 6, so as to better push the sliding block 8 and complete the assembly of the bushing 101.

[0017] During assembly, the upper connecting plate 11 and the lower connecting plate 13 are first connected by the guide telescopic rod 1, allowing the upper connecting plate 11 to move up and down relative to the lower connecting plate 13. When the upper connecting plate 11 is pressed down, the inclined surface 31 of the wedge block 3 moves down to drive the sliding block 8 to move horizontally. The sliding block 8 moves to push the bushing 101 on the insert loading station into the groove 1031. At the same time, the pre-pressing block 122 first contacts the substrate 103 for pre-contact positioning. Then the compression rod 12 is pressed down, the pre-pressing spring 5 is compressed, and finally the pressure plate 2 presses down the middle plate 4, so that the support column 102 in the middle of the substrate 103 is pressed into the washer 1021 on the support assembly 15. During or after pressing, the positions of the bushing 101 and the washer 1021 are detected by the first laser sensor 141 and the second laser sensor 142 to determine whether the pressing is in place.

[0018] Furthermore, the lower end of the compression rod 12 is provided with a compression ring protrusion, and the diameter of the upper opening of the compression through hole is smaller than the diameter of the compression ring protrusion, so that the lower end of the compression rod 12 cannot be dislodged from the compression through hole.

[0019] Furthermore, the support column 102 passes through the mounting hole of the substrate 103 from top to bottom, and the top of the support column 102 is limited to the top of the substrate 103. The compression rod 12 corresponds to the support column 102 in the vertical direction. When the upper connecting plate 11 is pressed down, the pre-pressing block 122 makes pre-contact positioning with the substrate 103. Then the pre-pressing spring 5 is compressed and the compression rod 12 continues to move down until the compression rod 12 abuts against the support column 102 and is positioned vertically. Then the pressure plate 2 presses down on the middle plate 4. The upper opening of the compression through hole is provided with a spring seat 121 sleeved outside the compression rod 12. The spring seat 121 includes a large diameter section and a small diameter section. The small diameter section of the spring seat 121 extends into the compression through hole from the upper opening of the compression through hole. The large diameter section of the spring seat 121 is located above the upper opening of the compression through hole and blocks the compression through hole. The pre-pressing spring 5 is limited between the upper connecting plate 11 and the large diameter section of the spring seat 121.

[0020] In addition, a set of support components is provided below each support column 102. The support components include a hollow support cylinder 151, a top rod 152 disposed inside the support cylinder 151, and a support spring 16. The support cylinder 151 is connected to the surface of the lower connecting plate 13. The top rod 152 slides against the inner wall of the support cylinder 151, and the support spring 16 is disposed below the top rod 152. The washer 1021 is located at the upper end of the support cylinder 151. The support column 102 passes through the mounting hole on the base plate 103 from top to bottom. The lower end of the support column 102 is located below the base plate 103, and the lower end of the support column 102 extends into the support cylinder 151. When the upper connecting plate 11 is pressed down, the compression rod 12 abuts against the support column 102 and moves down, causing the lower end of the support column 102 to abut against the upper end of the top rod 152.

[0021] In one embodiment, the support assembly includes a nitrogen spring 17 located between the middle plate 4 and the lower connecting plate 13.

[0022] In one embodiment, a roller 6 is connected to the outer side of the sliding block 8. When the inclined surface 31 of the wedge block 3 moves down, it abuts against the roller 6, pushing the roller 6 and the sliding block 8 to move horizontally.

[0023] Furthermore, the sliding block 8 includes a side slider 7 extending from its side, and the middle part of the sliding block 8 is connected to the middle plate 4 through a return spring 81. When the wedge block 3 drives the sliding block 8 to move horizontally, the side slider 7 moves to push the bushing 101 on the insert loading station into the groove 1031, and the return spring 81 is compressed.

[0024] Furthermore, an adjusting block 9 is connected to the middle plate 4. The adjusting block 9 is located at the opening of the groove 1031. The adjusting block 9 has a guide surface 91 extending to the sliding path of the sliding block 8. When the wedge block 3 drives the sliding block 8 to move horizontally, the side slider 7 of the sliding block 8 moves to push the bushing 101 along the guide surface 91 and into the groove 1031 (see reference). Figure 7 When the size of the substrate 103 fluctuates, the adjusting block 9 can offset the error and ensure the positioning accuracy of the bushing 101.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer" and other terms indicating direction or positional relationship are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0026] In the description of this application, the reference to terms such as "this embodiment," "an embodiment," etc., means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0027] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-part synchronous assembly fixture for inserting an insert into a first position on a substrate (103) and pressing a press-fitting component into a second position on the substrate (103), characterized in that, include: The upper mold assembly (201) includes an upper connecting plate (11), and a wedge block (3) and a pressing member connected to the upper connecting plate (11), the wedge block (3) and the pressing member extending downward relative to the upper connecting plate (11); The insert assembly module (202) includes a middle plate (4) for supporting the substrate (103) and limiting its circumferential position, and a sliding block (8) disposed on the edge of the middle plate (4) and slidingly engaged with the middle plate (4). The insert loading station and the first position are located on the sliding path of the sliding block (8). The lower mold assembly (203) includes a lower connecting plate (13) and a support assembly (15) for supporting the press-fitting component. The upper connecting plate (11) and the lower connecting plate (14) are connected by a guide telescopic rod (1), and the middle plate (1) is connected to the lower connecting plate (13) by a lower telescopic rod (131). The upper connecting plate (11) can be driven to press down relative to the lower connecting plate (13) and drive the inclined surface (31) of the wedge block (3) to push against the sliding block (8), thereby pushing the sliding block (8) to move horizontally to push the insert into the first position; at the same time, the upper connecting plate (11) moves down to drive the pressing member to press down the substrate (103) so that the substrate (103) is pressed into place with the pressing member.

2. The multi-part synchronous assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first laser sensor (141) and a second laser sensor (142) for detecting the installation position of inserts and press-fit parts.

3. The multi-part synchronous assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding block (8) is connected to a roller (6) on the side near the wedge block (3). When the upper connecting plate (11) moves down, the inclined surface (31) of the wedge block (3) pushes the roller (6) to roll, thereby driving the sliding block (8) to move horizontally.

4. The multi-part synchronous assembly fixture according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The sliding block (8) is connected to the middle plate (4) via a return spring (81). When the wedge block (3) moves down and pushes the sliding block (8) to move horizontally, the return spring (81) is compressed.

5. The multi-part synchronous assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing component includes a pressure plate (2) and a compression rod (12) connected to the upper connecting plate (11); the pressure plate (2) corresponds to the middle plate (4) in the vertical direction; a pre-pressure block (122) is sleeved on the lower end of the compression rod (12) and the lower end of the compression rod (12) is slidably connected to the pre-pressure block (122); a pre-pressure spring (5) sleeved on the outside of the compression rod (12) is provided between the lower end face of the upper connecting plate (11) and the upper end face of the pre-pressure block (122); in the natural state, the lower surface of the pre-pressure block (122) is lower than the lower surface of the pressure plate (2); when the upper connecting plate (11) is pressed down, the pre-pressure block (122) first contacts the base plate (103); after the pre-pressure spring (5) is compressed, the pressure plate (2) contacts the middle plate (4).

6. The multi-part synchronous assembly fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pre-compression block (122) is provided with a compression through hole that slides with the lower part of the compression rod (12). The second position is provided with a mounting hole and a support (102). The press-fit component is a washer (1021). The support (102) passes through the mounting hole from top to bottom and the top of the support (102) is limited to above the base plate (103). The compression through hole and the compression rod (12) correspond to the top of the support (102) in the vertical direction.

7. The multi-part synchronous assembly fixture according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The second position is provided with a mounting hole and a support (102), the support (102) passes through the mounting hole from top to bottom and its lower end is located below the substrate (103); The support assembly (15) includes a hollow support cylinder (151) fixed on the lower connecting plate (13), and the press-fitting component is a washer (1021) disposed at the upper opening of the support cylinder (151). The upper opening of the support cylinder (151) and the inner hole of the washer correspond vertically to the lower end of the support column (102).

8. The multi-part synchronous assembly fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support assembly (15) also includes a top rod (152) and a support spring (16) disposed inside the support cylinder (151). The top rod (152) slides against the inner wall of the support cylinder (151), and the support spring (16) is located below the top rod (152). When the upper connecting plate (11) moves down to the end of the stroke, the lower end of the support column (102) extends into the support cylinder (151) and abuts against the top rod (152).

9. The multi-part synchronous assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting block (9) is connected to the middle plate (4), and the adjusting block (9) has a guide surface (91) extending to the sliding path of the sliding block (8).

10. The multi-part synchronous assembly fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A nitrogen spring (17) is provided between the middle plate (4) and the lower connecting plate (13).

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