Preparation method of organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer processing, in particular to a preparation method of an organic fertilizer and the organic fertilizer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, stirring the organic fertilizer raw materials and the leavening agent to obtain a 2, putting the mixture into a fermentation device, and performing primary fermentation in the fermentation device; 3, stirring through a stirring mechanism of the fermentation device during primary fermentation; 4, after the primary fermentation, adding a ripening agent into the raw materials for secondary fermentation; 5, standing the fermentation device after secondary fermentation to precipitate internal substances; and 6, taking out the lower precipitate, and airing to obtain the organic fertilizer. The fermentation device comprises a shell, a supporting plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the shell, and a stirring mechanism is rotationally connected into the supporting plate. The organic fertilizer is prepared from 13 parts of rice bran, 13 parts of oil cakes, 13 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of saccharides, 1 part of black carbon powder, 50 parts of pond sludge, 50 parts of excrement and 30 parts of crushed straw. The preparation method has the beneficial effect that the organic fertilizer with the advantages of anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation is convenient to prepare.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizer processing technology, and more specifically to a method for preparing organic fertilizer and the organic fertilizer itself. Background Technology

[0002] Organic fertilizers are primarily derived from plants and animals, and are carbon-containing materials applied to the soil to provide nutrients to plants. They are processed from biological matter, animal and plant waste, and plant residues, eliminating toxic and harmful substances, increasing and renewing soil organic matter, promoting microbial reproduction, and improving the soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties. Organic fertilizer fermentation is divided into aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation.

[0003] Aerobic fermentation produces a large amount of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other compounds that can be absorbed by plants, as well as humus, an important active substance that constitutes soil fertility. Anaerobic fermentation can transform complex organic matter that is insoluble in water into organic matter that can be absorbed and utilized by microorganisms. Currently, there is a lack of organic fertilizer that combines the advantages of both. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer, the beneficial effect of which is to facilitate the preparation of organic fertilizer that has the advantages of both anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation.

[0005] A method for preparing organic fertilizer, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Mix the organic fertilizer raw materials with the fermentation agent;

[0007] S2: Place the mixture into a fermentation device and carry out a single fermentation in the fermentation device;

[0008] S3: During primary fermentation, the mixture is stirred by the stirring mechanism of the fermentation device;

[0009] S4: After the first fermentation, a ripening agent is added to the raw materials for a second fermentation;

[0010] S5: After secondary fermentation, the fermentation device is left to stand to allow the internal substances to settle.

[0011] S6: The lower sediment is removed, dried, and then organic fertilizer is obtained.

[0012] The fermentation agent in step S1 includes actinomycetes, Bacillus, filamentous fungi, yeast, and brown sugar.

[0013] The ripening agent in step S4 includes Clostridium, Bacteroides, Butyric acid bacteria, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and water.

[0014] In step S1, the mixture is stirred when the internal temperature reaches 60℃-65℃.

[0015] The moisture content after drying in step S6 is 45%-65%.

[0016] The fermentation device includes an outer shell, a support plate fixedly connected to the upper side of the outer shell, a stirring mechanism rotatably connected inside the support plate, a motor fixedly connected to the upper side of the support plate, a gear fixedly connected to the motor, and a hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the upper side of the support plate.

[0017] An organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 13-15 parts rice bran, 13-15 parts oil cake, 13-15 parts soybean meal, 5-10 parts sugars, 1-2 parts charcoal powder, 50 parts pond silt, 50 parts manure, and 30 parts crushed straw. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the organic fertilizer preparation method in this invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fermentation apparatus in this invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell structure in this invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stirring mechanism in this invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the screw and stirring plate in this invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer plate in this invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the control board in this invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the control board and connecting pipe in this invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary material bin and connecting rod in this invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary material silo in this invention.

[0029] In the diagram: outer casing 101; support plate 102; motor 103; gear 104; hydraulic cylinder 105; connecting rod 106;

[0030] Screw 201; stirring plate 202; limiting block 203;

[0031] 301; 302; 303; 304; 305; 306; 307; 308; 309; 301; 302; 303; 304; 305; 306; 307; 308; 309;

[0032] 401 auxiliary material bin; 402 connecting pipe; 403 electric control valve; 404 spring seat; 405 spring II. Detailed Implementation

[0033] A method for preparing organic fertilizer, the method comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1: Mix the organic fertilizer raw materials with the fermentation agent;

[0035] S2: Place the mixture into a fermentation device and carry out a single fermentation in the fermentation device;

[0036] S3: During primary fermentation, the mixture is stirred by the stirring mechanism of the fermentation device;

[0037] S4: After the first fermentation, a ripening agent is added to the raw materials for a second fermentation;

[0038] S5: After secondary fermentation, the fermentation device is left to stand to allow the internal substances to settle.

[0039] S6: The lower sediment is removed, dried, and then organic fertilizer is obtained.

[0040] The primary fermentation is aerobic fermentation, and the secondary fermentation is anaerobic fermentation. By first subjecting the organic fertilizer raw materials to aerobic fermentation in the fermentation device, aerobic fermentation can generate a large amount of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other compounds that can be absorbed by plants, as well as humus, an important active substance that constitutes soil fertility. Then, anaerobic fermentation can transform complex organic matter that is insoluble in water into substances that can be absorbed and utilized by microorganisms, thereby promoting microbial activity and improving the ability of organic fertilizer to improve soil. In this way, while maintaining the various trace elements and organic nutrients produced by aerobic fermentation, it can also improve the soil's ability to improve soil. Therefore, the organic fertilizer prepared by this method combines the advantages of both anaerobic and aerobic fermentation.

[0041] The fermentation agent in step S1 includes actinomycetes, Bacillus, filamentous fungi, yeast, and brown sugar.

[0042] During the primary fermentation process, actinomycetes, Bacillus, and filamentous fungi decompose the organic matter in the fertilizer through aerobic fermentation. Yeast can survive in both anaerobic and aerobic environments, thus maintaining fermentation even when the oxygen content is low, thereby maintaining the temperature for aerobic fermentation.

[0043] The ripening agent in step S4 includes Clostridium, Bacteroides, Butyric acid bacteria, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and water. The ripening agent catalyzes the secondary fermentation of organic fertilizer raw materials. The main chemical components of the organic fertilizer raw materials, such as manure and straw, include polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins. These components are decomposed into soluble sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids by the extracellular enzymes secreted by the bacteria in the ripening agent, thus facilitating their absorption and utilization by microorganisms.

[0044] Because the density of organic fertilizer raw materials is greater than that of water, the large amount of water in the ripening agent can isolate the organic fertilizer raw materials in the fermentation device from the air, thereby providing the environment required for anaerobic fermentation and facilitating anaerobic fermentation.

[0045] In step S1, the mixture is stirred when the internal temperature reaches 65°C.

[0046] The moisture content after drying in step S6 is 45%.

[0047] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this example demonstrates how to achieve the effect of mixing organic fertilizer raw materials during a single fermentation process.

[0048] The fermentation device in the organic fertilizer preparation method includes a shell 101, a support plate 102 fixedly connected to the upper side of the shell 101, a stirring mechanism rotatably connected inside the support plate 102, a motor 103 fixedly connected to the upper side of the support plate 102, a gear 104 fixedly connected to the motor 103, and a hydraulic cylinder 105 fixedly connected to the upper side of the support plate 102. The support plate 102 fixes the positions of the motor 103, the hydraulic cylinder 105, and the stirring mechanism. When the motor 103 is started, it rotates, driving the gear 104 to rotate, which in turn drives the stirring mechanism to rotate, thereby turning over the organic fertilizer raw materials. At the same time, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 105 is moved, causing the stirring mechanism to move up and down, thus turning over the organic fertilizer raw materials at different depths inside the shell 101, thereby achieving the effect of stirring the organic fertilizer, and thus achieving the effect of stirring the organic fertilizer raw materials in one fermentation.

[0049] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this example can further achieve the effect of mixing organic fertilizer raw materials.

[0050] The mixing mechanism in the organic fertilizer preparation method includes a screw 201, a gear 104 meshing with the screw 201, and the screw 201 rotatably connected to the support plate 102. Two mixing plates 202 are fixedly connected below the screw 201. The motor 103 drives the gear 104 to rotate, which in turn drives the screw 201 to rotate, which in turn drives the two mixing plates 202 to rotate. Through the rotation of the spiral mixing plates 202, the organic fertilizer raw materials inside the outer shell 101 move along the mixing plates 202, thereby turning over the organic fertilizer raw materials and further achieving the effect of mixing the organic fertilizer raw materials.

[0051] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this example can achieve the effect of hydraulic cylinder 105 driving the stirring mechanism to move.

[0052] In the method for preparing organic fertilizer, a connecting rod 106 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the hydraulic cylinder 105, a limiting block 203 is fixedly connected to the top of the screw 201, and the other end of the connecting rod 106 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the limiting block 203. The movement of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 105 drives the connecting rod 106 to move, which in turn drives the limiting block 203 to move, which in turn drives the screw 201 to move, which in turn drives the stirring mechanism to move, thereby achieving the effect of the hydraulic cylinder 105 driving the stirring mechanism to move.

[0053] During this process, the up-and-down movement of the screw 201 will not affect the meshing of the screw 201 and the gear 104, thereby achieving the effect of up-and-down movement during the rotation of the mixing mechanism, which facilitates the mixing of organic fertilizer raw materials.

[0054] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this example demonstrates how to uniformly add ripening agents to organic fertilizer raw materials.

[0055] In the organic fertilizer preparation method, a rotating plate 301 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the two stirring plates 202. The rotating plate 301 has multiple conical holes 302. The rotating plate 301 is fixedly connected to the two stirring plates 202, thus forming a closed cavity between the rotating plate 301 and the two stirring plates 202. A ripening agent is added into the closed cavity, and the stirring mechanism is rotated at the same time. Under the action of inertia, the ripening agent is thrown out of the closed cavity through the multiple conical holes 302 on the rotating plate 301, thereby achieving the effect of adding ripening agent to the organic fertilizer raw material. During the process of adding ripening agent, the stirring mechanism is rotated and moved up and down, so that ripening agent can be added to the organic fertilizer raw material in various places inside the outer shell 101, thereby achieving the effect of uniformly adding ripening agent to the organic fertilizer raw material.

[0056] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this example can achieve the effect of facilitating the rotation of the stirring mechanism.

[0057] In the method for preparing organic fertilizer, a wedge 306 is fixedly attached to the bottom of the rotating plate 301. The front end of the wedge 306 is a square pyramid. During the rotation of the mixing mechanism, the wedge 306 is pushed to rotate. The wedge 306 located at the bottom of the mixing mechanism first contacts the organic fertilizer raw material. The conical angle at the front end of the wedge 306 can squeeze the organic fertilizer raw material apart, thereby reducing the resistance when the mixing mechanism rotates and thus achieving the effect of facilitating the rotation of the mixing mechanism.

[0058] like Figures 1-10 As shown, this example demonstrates how ripening agents can be added into a sealed cavity.

[0059] In the organic fertilizer preparation method, a fixed plate 303 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rotating plate 301. The fixed plate 303 has an inlet 304 inside. An auxiliary material bin 401 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the limiting block 203. An outlet is opened on the lower side of the auxiliary material bin 401. A connecting pipe 402 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the outlet. An electric control valve 403 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the connecting pipe 402. When the ripening agent is placed in the auxiliary material bin 401, the auxiliary material bin 401 rotates in the same direction and at the same speed when the stirring mechanism rotates. This drives the connecting pipe 402 to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed as the inlet 304. At this time, the electric control valve 403 is opened, and the ripening agent in the auxiliary material bin 401 flows down through the connecting pipe 402 and into the inlet 304. The ripening agent then flows through the inlet 304 and through the fixed plate 303 to move into the sealed cavity, thereby achieving the effect of adding ripening agent into the sealed cavity.

[0060] like Figures 1-10 As shown, this example can facilitate the flow of ripening agent into the feed inlet 304.

[0061] Because the feed inlet 304 in the organic fertilizer preparation method is fixedly connected to the upper side of the transfer pipe 309; the upper side of the transfer pipe 309 is funnel-shaped, so when the ripening agent in the connecting pipe 402 flows down, it can be easily collected, thereby achieving the effect of facilitating the flow of the ripening agent into the feed inlet 304.

[0062] like Figures 1-10 As shown, this example can achieve the effect of the connecting pipe 402 and the feed port 304 rotating at the same speed and in the same direction.

[0063] In the organic fertilizer preparation method, a fixed seat 307 is fixedly connected to the right side of the transfer pipe 309. A control plate 308 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the fixed seat 307. A spring I 305 is fixedly connected between the control plate 308 and the fixed plate 303. A spring seat 404 is fixedly connected to the outside of the auxiliary material bin 401. A spring II 405 is fixedly connected between the spring seat 404 and the connecting rod 106. When the stirring mechanism rotates, the fixed seat 307 rotates, which in turn drives the control plate 308 to rotate. When the control plate 308 contacts the connecting pipe 402, the control plate 308 pushes the connecting pipe 402 to rotate, which in turn drives the connecting pipe 402 to rotate at the same speed and in the same direction as the stirring mechanism, thereby achieving the effect of the connecting pipe 402 rotating at the same speed and in the same direction as the feed inlet 304.

[0064] Simultaneously, the rotation of the connecting pipe 402 drives the auxiliary material bin 401 to rotate, which in turn increases the distance between the spring seat 404 and the connecting rod 106, thereby stretching the spring II 405. When the connecting pipe 402 rotates to contact the support plate 102, the support plate 102 restricts the connecting pipe 402 from continuing to rotate, thereby pressing the control plate 308. The control plate 308 then rotates and stretches the spring I 305. At the same time, the connecting pipe 402 moves out of the control plate 308. Afterward, the stretched spring I 305 contracts, causing the control plate 308 to rotate back to its original position. Meanwhile, the connecting pipe 402, no longer pushed by the control plate 308, rotates under the pull of the stretched spring II 405, thus resetting the connecting pipe 402. The electric control valve 403 ensures that the ripening agent flows out of the connecting pipe 402 only when it rotates at the same speed and in the same direction as the stirring mechanism. By repeating the above process, the ripening agent in the auxiliary material bin 401 is introduced into the sealed cavity.

[0065] An organic fertilizer preparation method comprises the following raw materials by weight: 13 parts rice bran, 13 parts oil cake, 13 parts soybean meal, 5 parts sugars, 1 part black charcoal powder, 50 parts pond silt, 50 parts manure, and 30 parts crushed straw.

Claims

1. A method for preparing organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1: Mix the organic fertilizer raw materials with the fermentation agent; S2: Place the mixture into a fermentation device and carry out a single fermentation in the fermentation device; S3: During primary fermentation, the mixture is stirred by the stirring mechanism of the fermentation device; S4: After the first fermentation, a ripening agent is added to the raw materials for a second fermentation; S5: After secondary fermentation, the fermentation device is left to stand to allow the internal substances to settle. S6: The lower sediment is removed, dried, and then organic fertilizer is obtained.

2. The method for preparing organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation agent in step S1 includes actinomycetes, Bacillus, filamentous fungi, yeast, and brown sugar.

3. The method for preparing organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ripening agent in step S4 includes Clostridium, Bacteroides, Butyric acid bacteria, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and water.

4. The method for preparing organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the mixture is stirred when the internal temperature reaches 60℃-65℃.

5. The method for preparing organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture content after drying in step S6 is 45%-65%.

6. The method for preparing organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation device includes a shell (101), a support plate (102) fixedly connected to the upper side of the shell (101), a stirring mechanism rotatably connected inside the support plate (102), a motor (103) fixedly connected to the upper side of the support plate (102), a gear (104) fixedly connected to the motor (103), and a hydraulic cylinder (105) fixedly connected to the upper side of the support plate (102).

7. The method for preparing organic fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism includes a screw (201), a gear (104) meshing with the screw (201), the screw (201) being rotatably connected to a support plate (102), two stirring plates (202) fixedly connected below the screw (201), a rotating plate (301) fixedly connected to the outside of the two stirring plates (202), a wedge (306) fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating plate (301), a plurality of tapered holes (302) being opened on the rotating plate (301), a connecting rod (106) fixedly connected to the upper side of the hydraulic cylinder (105), a limiting block (203) fixedly connected to the top of the screw (201), and the other end of the connecting rod (106) fixedly connected to the lower side of the limiting block (203).

8. The method for preparing organic fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fixing plate (303) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rotating plate (301). A feed inlet (304) is opened inside the fixing plate (303). An auxiliary material bin (401) is rotatably connected to the upper side of the limiting block (203). A discharge port is opened on the lower side of the auxiliary material bin (401). A connecting pipe (402) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the discharge port. An electric control valve (403) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the connecting pipe (402).

9. The method for preparing organic fertilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: A transfer pipe (309) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the feed inlet (304), and a fixed seat (307) is fixedly connected to the right side of the transfer pipe (309). A control plate (308) is rotatably connected to the upper side of the fixed seat (307). A spring I (305) is fixedly connected between the control plate (308) and the fixed plate (303). A spring seat (404) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the auxiliary material bin (401), and a spring II (405) is fixedly connected between the spring seat (404) and the connecting rod (106).

10. An organic fertilizer prepared using the method for preparing organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 13-15 parts rice bran, 13-15 parts oil cake, 13-15 parts soybean meal, 5-10 parts sugars, 1-2 parts charcoal powder, 50 parts pond silt, 50 parts manure, and 30 parts crushed straw.

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