Multi-injection-mode coupled methanol injector with low alcohol return amount and high stability

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a multi-injection-mode coupled low-alcohol-return-amount high-stability methanol injector, and belongs to the field of engines. A multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly is installed in an ejector body, quick-start low-leakage valve assemblies are installed in an ejector middle body, an electromagnetic valve body, a low-leakage valve body and a lift control block body, a variable nozzle assembly is installed in a nozzle body, a stop valve assembly is installed in the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly, and a pipeline connector is installed on the side of the ejector body. And an alcohol inlet main path is arranged in the pipeline joint. Through mutual cooperation of the multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly, the stop valve assembly, the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly and the variable nozzle assembly, the movement speed of a needle valve of the ejector can be remarkably increased, the action consistency of the needle valve is improved, micro / large-amount high-stability ejection of methanol in different needle valve lift ejection modes is achieved, meanwhile, the reflux rate of methanol is effectively reduced, and the reliability of the ejector is improved. The methanol fuel injector is suitable for the field of high-pressure direct injection methanol engine injection systems, and the injection performance of the methanol fuel injector can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an engine, specifically a fuel injector. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of global energy demand, relying solely on traditional fossil fuels can no longer meet the world's energy needs. Compared with renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, which have intermittent and difficult energy storage issues, as well as alternative fuels such as hydrogen and ammonia, methanol remains liquid under standard temperature and pressure and has advantages such as low cost, easy preparation, and convenient storage and transportation. It is the best carrier for the large-scale application of renewable energy at present.

[0003] The application of methanol fuel is an important technical approach for the shipbuilding industry to achieve relevant policies. High-pressure methanol-diesel dual direct injection technology can achieve higher fuel substitution rate, efficiency and reduced emissions. It is currently the most feasible technical solution for methanol dual-fuel ship engines. The design and development of methanol fuel injectors is the key to the application of this technology. Existing methanol fuel injectors are difficult to meet the requirements of flexible methanol fuel injection control and low methanol return. Moreover, due to the difficulty in quickly and fully opening the injector needle valve, the methanol injection stability is poor, resulting in unsatisfactory engine performance and limiting the application of methanol fuel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-return-volume, high-stability methanol injector with multiple injection modes that can significantly improve the acceleration of the injector needle valve, enhance the stability and response characteristics of methanol injection, reduce the methanol backflow rate during injection, decrease the amount of methanol returned, and improve injection performance.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: This invention discloses a low-return, high-stability methanol injector with multiple injection modes coupled, characterized by comprising, from top to bottom, an injector body, an injector intermediate body, a solenoid valve body, a low-leakage valve body, a lift control block body, and a nozzle body. A multi-path solenoid control valve assembly is installed in the injector body. Quick-start low-leakage valve assemblies are installed in the injector intermediate body, the solenoid valve body, the low-leakage valve body, and the lift control block body. A variable nozzle assembly is installed in the nozzle body. A shut-off valve assembly is installed in the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly. A pipeline connector is installed on the side of the injector body, and a methanol inlet is provided in the pipeline connector. The shut-off valve assembly is connected to the multi-path solenoid control valve assembly and the variable nozzle assembly respectively through the methanol passage in the injector intermediate body and the lift control block body. The multi-path solenoid control valve assembly, the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly, and the variable nozzle assembly are interconnected through the methanol passage in the injector intermediate body and the lift control block body.

[0006] The present invention may also include: 1. The multi-channel solenoid control valve assembly includes, from top to bottom, a multi-channel solenoid valve core, a control armature, and a multi-channel sleeve. A multi-channel control valve core is installed inside the multi-channel sleeve. A control valve stem is connected to the top of the multi-channel control valve core. The upper part of the control valve stem passes through the control armature and extends into the multi-channel solenoid valve core. A control armature return spring is installed above the control valve stem. A multi-channel solenoid valve coil is installed inside the multi-channel solenoid valve core. The multi-channel sleeve contains a low-pressure alcohol return path, a primary control chamber control path, a primary control pipeline, a shut-off valve control circuit, and a shut-off valve control circuit. The alcohol inlet path has a first control ring cavity and a second control ring cavity on the multi-channel control valve core. Under the preload of the control armature return spring, the multi-channel control valve core is located at the bottom dead center. The shut-off valve control circuit is located at the top of the second control ring cavity, the low-pressure alcohol return path is located at the bottom of the second control ring cavity, the primary control pipeline is located at the bottom of the first control ring cavity, and the primary control chamber control path is located in the middle of the first control ring cavity. The shut-off valve control circuit, the second control ring cavity and the low-pressure alcohol return path are connected, and the primary control pipeline and the primary control chamber control path are connected. The shut-off valve controls the alcohol inlet path to be in the closed state.

[0007] 2. The quick-start low-leakage valve assembly includes a quick-start low-leakage valve core, a quick-start low-leakage valve armature, a valve stem, a quick-start low-leakage valve core, a multi-hole annular valve seat, and a lift control valve block. The quick-start low-leakage valve core is located in the injector intermediate body, the quick-start low-leakage valve armature is located in the solenoid valve body, the lower part of the valve stem is located in the solenoid valve body, and the upper part of the valve stem passes through the quick-start low-leakage valve armature and is located in the quick-start low-leakage valve core. An armature return spring is installed above the valve stem, and a quick-start low-leakage valve coil is installed in the quick-start low-leakage valve core. The multi-hole annular valve seat is located in the low-leakage valve body and is fixed to the lift control block body below it. The multi-hole annular valve seat has annularly arranged through holes inside. The quick-start low-leakage valve core is installed on the multi-hole annular valve seat, and the lift control valve... The block is located below the multi-hole annular valve seat. A lift control block return spring is installed between the quick-start low-leakage valve core and the lift control valve block. A methanol through hole is provided inside the quick-start low-leakage valve core. A quick-start low-leakage valve return spring is provided above the quick-start low-leakage valve core. The lift control valve block, multi-hole annular valve seat, quick-start low-leakage valve core, and lift control block body work together to form a secondary control chamber. A quick-replenishment methanol path and a secondary methanol outlet throttle orifice are provided inside the low-leakage valve body. A secondary methanol inlet throttle orifice is provided inside the lift control block body. The methanol through hole inside the quick-start low-leakage valve core is connected to the secondary control chamber and the secondary methanol outlet throttle orifice. The quick-replenishment methanol path and the secondary methanol inlet throttle orifice are connected to the methanol passages provided inside the injector intermediate body, the injector body, and the lift control block body.

[0008] 3. The variable nozzle assembly includes a multi-stage sealing needle valve and a guide sealing sleeve. The multi-stage sealing needle valve has a needle valve protrusion. The guide sealing sleeve is fitted on the top of the multi-stage sealing needle valve. The multi-stage sealing needle valve is fitted with a sealing needle valve return spring, which is located between the guide sealing sleeve and the needle valve protrusion. The nozzle body is provided with a high-pressure methanol inlet path, a primary spray hole, and a secondary spray hole. The bottom of the multi-stage sealing needle valve cooperates with the nozzle body to form a primary spray hole control chamber and a secondary spray hole control chamber. The primary spray hole control chamber is connected to the primary spray hole, and the secondary spray hole control chamber is connected to the secondary spray hole. The high-pressure methanol inlet path is connected to the methanol passage provided in the injector intermediate body, the injector body, and the lift control block body. Under the pre-tightening force of the sealing needle valve return spring, the multi-stage sealing needle valve and the nozzle body form a sealing ring, and the primary spray hole control chamber and the secondary spray hole control chamber are disconnected from the high-pressure methanol inlet path.

[0009] 4. The shut-off valve assembly includes a shut-off valve core, which is installed in the solenoid valve body and the low-leakage valve body. The shut-off valve core, the low-leakage valve body, and the solenoid valve body cooperate to form the lower control chamber and the upper control chamber of the shut-off valve, respectively. A shut-off valve return spring is installed above the shut-off valve core. The lower control chamber of the shut-off valve is connected to the first-stage methanol inlet throttling orifice through the methanol passage provided in the low-leakage valve body and the lift control block body. The upper control chamber of the shut-off valve is connected to the shut-off valve control circuit through the methanol passage provided in the injector intermediate body and the injector body.

[0010] 5. The height of the second control ring cavity is greater than the sum of the diameters of the stop valve control alcohol inlet path and the stop valve control circuit, the displacement of the control armature is greater than the diameter of the first-level control pipeline and the low-pressure alcohol return path, and the thickness of the multi-pass control valve core located between the first control ring cavity and the second control ring cavity is less than the diameter of the low-pressure alcohol return path.

[0011] 6. When the multi-channel control valve core is at the bottom dead center, the shut-off valve control circuit is located at the top of the second control ring cavity, the low-pressure alcohol return circuit is located at the bottom of the second control ring cavity, the primary control pipeline is located at the bottom of the first control ring cavity, and the primary control chamber control circuit is located in the middle of the first control ring cavity.

[0012] 7. In micro-injection mode, current is applied to the multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly. Its internal control armature drives the control valve rod and multi-channel control valve core to move upwards. The first and second control ring cavities move upwards as a whole. The primary control pipeline disconnects from the first control ring cavity, and the low-pressure methanol return path disconnects from the second control ring cavity but connects to the first control ring cavity. High-pressure methanol fuel in the primary control chamber flows through the primary methanol outlet throttle orifice, the primary control chamber control path, and the first control ring cavity to the low-pressure methanol return path. The shut-off valve control circuit disconnects from the low-pressure methanol return path, and the shut-off valve control inlet path connects to the shut-off valve control circuit. High-pressure methanol in the shut-off valve control inlet path flows through the second control ring cavity and the shut-off valve control circuit to the upper chamber of the shut-off valve control. Under the action of the shut-off valve return spring, the shut-off valve core moves downwards and sits on the low-leakage valve body, closing the methanol inlet pipeline. The multi-stage sealing needle valve overcomes the preload of the sealing needle valve return spring and moves upwards. When the multi-stage sealing needle valve connects with the lift control... After the valve block contacts, the multi-stage sealing needle valve stops moving and completes a small lift, connecting the primary spray orifice control chamber with the high-pressure methanol inlet path. High-pressure methanol is then ejected through the primary spray orifice, performing a high-stability injection process of a small amount of methanol. After the injection is completed, the multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly is de-energized, the multi-channel control valve core sits, the stop valve control circuit disconnects from the stop valve control methanol inlet path, and the stop valve control circuit reconnects with the low-pressure methanol return path. High-pressure methanol in the upper chamber of the stop valve control flows out through the stop valve control circuit, the second control ring chamber, and the low-pressure methanol return path. Under the action of the liquid pressure in the lower chamber controlled by the stop valve, the stop valve core moves upward against the preload of the stop valve reset spring, connecting the methanol inlet pipeline. The primary control pipeline reconnects with the first control ring chamber and the primary control chamber control path. High-pressure methanol flows into the primary control chamber simultaneously from the primary methanol inlet throttling orifice and the primary methanol outlet throttling orifice. The primary control chamber completes pressure build-up, the multi-stage sealing needle valve sits, and the injection ends.

[0013] 8. In high-flow injection mode, the quick-start low-leakage valve coil inside the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly is energized first, causing the valve stem to lift and open the secondary methanol outlet throttle orifice. High-pressure methanol in the secondary control chamber flows out through the internal through-hole of the quick-start low-leakage valve core and the secondary methanol outlet throttle orifice. The quick-start low-leakage valve core moves upward, closing the rapid replenishment methanol path. High-pressure methanol flows into the secondary control chamber only through the secondary methanol inlet throttle orifice. The upward resultant force on the lift control valve block overcomes the preload force of the lift control block reset spring, causing the lift control valve block to move upward. Current is applied to the multi-path electromagnetic control valve assembly, and its internal control armature drives the control valve stem and multi-path control valve core to move upward. The shut-off valve controls the methanol inlet path and connects with the shut-off valve control circuit. The shut-off valve core moves down and sits to close the methanol inlet pipeline. The low-pressure methanol return path connects with the primary control chamber control circuit. High-pressure methanol fuel in the primary control chamber passes through the primary methanol outlet throttle orifice. The flow path from the flow orifice, the primary control chamber control circuit, and the first control ring cavity leads to the low-pressure methanol return path. When the multi-stage sealing needle valve is fully opened, both the primary and secondary spray orifice control chambers are connected to the high-pressure methanol inlet path. High-pressure methanol is ejected through the primary and secondary spray orifices, resulting in a high-flow-rate, high-stability methanol injection process. After the injection is completed, the quick-start low-leakage valve coil inside the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly is de-energized, the secondary methanol outlet throttling orifice is closed, and the quick-start low-leakage valve core is seated under the pre-tightening force of the quick-start low-leakage valve reset spring. The rapid replenishment methanol path is connected, and high-pressure methanol flows into the secondary control chamber from the internal through-hole of the multi-hole annular valve seat and the secondary methanol inlet throttling orifice. The lift control valve block is seated downwards, the multi-path electromagnetic control valve assembly is de-energized, the multi-path control valve core is seated, and high-pressure methanol flows into the primary control chamber simultaneously from the primary methanol inlet throttling orifice and the primary methanol outlet throttling orifice. The multi-stage sealing needle valve is seated, ending the injection process.

[0014] 9. In boot-type injection mode, current is simultaneously applied to the multi-channel solenoid control valve assembly and the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly. The multi-channel control valve core moves upward, and the shut-off valve core moves downward to seat, thus closing the methanol inlet pipeline. The multi-stage sealing needle valve first lifts upward until it contacts the lift control valve block and then stops moving. The first-stage nozzle control chamber is connected to the high-pressure methanol inlet pipeline, and high-pressure methanol is ejected through the first-stage nozzle for a micro-methanol injection. The pressure in the second-stage control chamber decreases, and the lift control valve block and the multi-stage sealing needle valve together overcome the return spring force of the lift control block and the return spring force of the sealing needle valve to move upward. When the lift control valve block and the multi-stage sealing needle valve reach the upper dead point, the first-stage nozzle control chamber and the second-stage nozzle control chamber are connected to the high-pressure methanol inlet pipeline, and high-pressure methanol is ejected through the first-stage nozzle and the second-stage nozzle.

[0015] The advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention employs a multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly and a shut-off valve assembly working together to achieve a faster depressurization and pressure build-up process in the primary control chamber of the methanol injector, increasing the movement speed of the multi-stage sealing needle valve, thereby reducing the impact of pressure fluctuations on the unstable operation of the needle valve, improving methanol injection stability, and significantly reducing the methanol backflow rate during injection. Furthermore, this invention also utilizes a quick-start low-leakage valve assembly and a variable nozzle assembly working together to achieve various injection modes such as methanol micro-injection, high-flow-rate injection, and shoe-type injection, while simultaneously ensuring high methanol injection stability and low methanol backflow rate under different injection modes. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shut-off valve assembly. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gate valve assembly.

[0017] Figure reference numerals: 1: Injector body; 2: Multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly; 3: Injector body locking nut; 4: Injector intermediate body; 5: Quick-start low-leakage valve assembly; 6: Nozzle body tightening nut; 7: Variable nozzle assembly; 8: Lift control block body; 9: Shut-off valve assembly; 10: Pipeline connector.

[0018] 201: Multi-channel solenoid valve core; 202: Multi-channel solenoid valve coil; 203: Control armature; 204: Low-pressure alcohol return path; 205: Multi-channel sleeve; 206: Primary control chamber control path; 207: Multi-channel control valve core; 208: Primary control pipeline; 209: First control ring cavity; 210: Shut-off valve control circuit; 211: Shut-off valve control alcohol inlet path; 212: Second control ring cavity; 213: Adjusting sleeve; 214: Control armature gasket; 215: Control valve stem; 216: Control armature return spring.

[0019] 501: Quick-start low-leakage valve core; 502: Quick-start low-leakage valve coil; 503: Quick-start low-leakage valve armature; 504: Clearance adjusting sleeve; 505: Solenoid valve body; 506: Low-leakage valve body; 507: Quick-replenishment alcohol path; 508: Multi-hole annular valve seat; 509: Secondary alcohol inlet throttling orifice; 510: Lift control valve block; 511: Secondary control chamber; 512: Lift control block return spring; 513: Quick-start low-leakage valve core; 514: Quick-start low-leakage valve return spring; 515: Secondary alcohol outlet throttling orifice; 516: Armature gasket; 517: Valve stem; 518: Armature return spring.

[0020] 701: Primary alcohol outlet throttling orifice; 702: Primary control chamber; 703: Nozzle body; 704: High-pressure alcohol inlet path; 705: Primary spray orifice; 706: Secondary spray orifice; 707: Secondary spray orifice control chamber; 708: Primary spray orifice control chamber; 709: Multi-stage sealing needle valve; 710: Sealing needle valve return spring; 711: Guide sealing sleeve; 712: Primary alcohol inlet throttling orifice.

[0021] 901: Stop valve return spring; 902: Stop valve core; 903: Stop valve control lower chamber; 904: Methanol inlet line; 905: Stop valve control upper chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Implementation method 1, combined with Figure 1-5 This embodiment consists of an injector body 1, a multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly 2, an injector body locking nut 3, an injector intermediate body 4, a quick-start low-leakage valve assembly 5, a nozzle body tightening nut 6, a variable nozzle assembly 7, a lift control block body 8, a shut-off valve assembly 9, and a pipeline connector 10. The injector body 1, injector intermediate body 4, quick-start low-leakage valve assembly 5, lift control block body 8, and variable nozzle assembly 7 are installed sequentially from top to bottom inside the injector body locking nut 3 and the nozzle body tightening nut 6. The multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly 2 is installed inside the injector body 1. The shut-off valve assembly 9 is connected to the multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly 2 and the variable nozzle assembly 7 through the methanol passage in the injector intermediate body 4 and the lift control block body 8, respectively. The multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly 2, the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly 5, and the variable nozzle assembly 7 are interconnected through the methanol passage in the injector body 1, the injector intermediate body 4, and the lift control block body 8.

[0023] In embodiment 2, based on embodiment 1, the multi-channel solenoid control valve assembly 2 includes a multi-channel solenoid valve core 201, a multi-channel solenoid valve coil 202, a control armature 203, a multi-channel sleeve 205, a multi-channel control valve core 207, an adjusting sleeve 213, a control armature gasket 214, a control valve stem 215, and a control armature return spring 216. The multi-channel sleeve 205 is respectively equipped with a low-pressure alcohol return path 204, a primary control chamber control path 206, a primary control pipeline 208, a shut-off valve control circuit 210, and a shut-off valve control alcohol inlet path 211. The multi-channel control valve core 207 and the control valve stem 215 are fixedly connected by threads. The multi-channel control valve core 207 is installed inside the multi-channel sleeve 205. A ring groove is opened on the 7th section, which cooperates with the multi-pass sleeve 205 to form a first control ring cavity 209 and a second control ring cavity 212. Under the preload of the control armature return spring 216, the multi-pass control valve core 207 is located at the lower stop point. The shut-off valve control circuit 210 is located at the top of the second control ring cavity 212, the low-pressure alcohol return path 204 is located at the bottom of the second control ring cavity 212, the primary control pipeline 208 is located at the bottom of the first control ring cavity 209, and the primary control chamber control path 206 is located in the middle of the first control ring cavity 209. The shut-off valve control circuit 210, the second control ring cavity 212 are connected to the low-pressure alcohol return path 204, the primary control pipeline 208 is connected to the primary control chamber control path 206, and the shut-off valve control alcohol inlet path 211 is in the closed state.

[0024] In embodiment 3, based on embodiment 2, the height of the second control ring cavity 212 is greater than the sum of the diameters of the stop valve control alcohol inlet path 211 and the stop valve control circuit 210, the control armature displacement is greater than the diameters of the primary control pipeline 208 and the low-pressure alcohol return path 204, and the thickness of the multi-pass control valve core 207 located between the first control ring cavity 209 and the second control ring cavity 212 is less than the diameter of the low-pressure alcohol return path 204.

[0025] In embodiment 4, based on embodiment 1, the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly 5 includes a quick-start low-leakage valve core 501, a quick-start low-leakage valve coil 502, a quick-start low-leakage valve armature 503, a gap adjusting sleeve 504, a solenoid valve body 505, a low-leakage valve body 506, a multi-hole annular valve seat 508, a secondary methanol inlet throttling orifice 509, a lift control valve block 510, a lift control block return spring 512, a quick-start low-leakage valve core 513, a quick-start low-leakage valve return spring 514, an armature gasket 516, a valve stem 517, and an armature return spring 518. The multi-hole annular valve seat 508 is fixedly connected to the lift control block body 8 and has multiple annularly arranged through holes inside. The quick-start low-leakage valve core 513 has a methanol through hole inside. The lift control block 510, the multi-hole annular valve seat 508, the quick-start low-leakage valve core 513, and the lift control block body 8 work together to form the secondary control chamber 511. The lift control block reset spring 512 is located at the top of the lift control valve block 510. The quick-start low-leakage valve core 513 is pressed onto the multi-hole annular valve seat 508 by the quick-start low-leakage valve reset spring 514. The low-leakage valve body 506 is provided with a quick-replenishment methanol passage 507 and a secondary methanol outlet throttle orifice 515. The methanol passage inside the quick-start low-leakage valve core 513 is connected to the secondary control chamber 511 and the secondary methanol outlet throttle orifice 515. The quick-replenishment methanol passage 507 and the secondary methanol inlet throttle orifice 509 are connected to the methanol passages provided in the injector intermediate body 4, the injector body 1, and the lift control block body 8.

[0026] In embodiment 5, based on embodiment 1, the variable nozzle assembly 7 includes a nozzle body 703, a multi-stage sealing needle valve 709, a sealing needle valve return spring 710, a guide sealing sleeve 711, a primary alcohol outlet throttling orifice 701, and a primary alcohol inlet throttling orifice 712. The nozzle body 703 contains a high-pressure alcohol inlet path 704, a primary spray orifice 705, and a secondary spray orifice 706. The primary spray orifice 705 is located above the secondary spray orifice 706. The bottom of the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 cooperates with the nozzle body 703 to form a primary spray orifice control chamber 708. The secondary nozzle control chamber 707 and the primary nozzle control chamber 708 are connected to the primary nozzle 705. The secondary nozzle control chamber 707 is connected to the secondary nozzle 706. The high-pressure methanol inlet path 704 is connected to the methanol passage set in the injector intermediate body 4, the injector body 1, and the lift control block body 8. Under the pre-tightening force of the sealing needle valve reset spring 710, the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 and the nozzle body 703 form a sealing ring, and the primary nozzle control chamber 708, the secondary nozzle control chamber 707 and the high-pressure methanol inlet path 704 are disconnected.

[0027] In embodiment 6, based on embodiment 1, the shut-off valve assembly 9 includes a shut-off valve return spring 901 and a shut-off valve core 902. The shut-off valve assembly 9 is installed inside the low-leakage valve body 506 and the solenoid valve body 505. The shut-off valve core 902, the low-leakage valve body 506, and the solenoid valve body 505 respectively cooperate to form the shut-off valve control lower chamber 903 and the shut-off valve control upper chamber 905. The shut-off valve return spring 901 is located above the shut-off valve core 902. The shut-off valve control lower chamber 903 passes through the low-leakage valve body 506 and the lift control block. The methanol passage inside the main body 8 is connected to the first-stage methanol inlet throttling orifice 712. The upper chamber 905 of the shut-off valve is connected to the shut-off valve control circuit 210 through the methanol passage inside the injector intermediate body 4 and the injector main body 1. When the multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly 2 is not energized, the shut-off valve control circuit 210 is connected to the low-pressure methanol return path 204. The hydraulic pressure of the upper chamber 905 of the shut-off valve is low. The upward hydraulic pressure on the lower end of the shut-off valve core 902 keeps it in a normally open state. The methanol inlet pipeline 904 is connected to the first-stage methanol inlet throttling orifice 712.

[0028] In Implementation Method 7, based on Implementation Method 1, in micro-spraying mode, current is passed through the multi-channel solenoid valve coil 202 inside the multi-channel solenoid control valve assembly 2. The multi-channel solenoid valve core 201 generates electromagnetic force to attract the control armature 203. The control armature 203 drives the control valve rod 215 and the multi-channel control valve core 207 to move upward. The first control ring cavity 209 and the second control ring cavity 212 move upward as a whole. The primary control pipeline 208 is disconnected from the first control ring cavity 209, and the low-pressure alcohol return path 204 is disconnected from and connected to the second control ring cavity 212. In the first control loop cavity 209, high-pressure methanol fuel in the primary control chamber 702 flows through the primary methanol outlet throttle orifice 701, the primary control chamber control circuit 206, and the first control loop cavity 209 to the low-pressure methanol return circuit 204. Simultaneously, the second control loop cavity 212 moves upwards, disconnecting the shut-off valve control circuit 210 from the low-pressure methanol return circuit 204. The shut-off valve-controlled methanol inlet circuit 211 connects with the second control loop cavity 212 and the shut-off valve control circuit 210. High-pressure methanol in the shut-off valve-controlled methanol inlet circuit 211 then flows through the second control loop cavity 212 and the shut-off valve control circuit 210. 10. The flow direction to the upper chamber 905 of the shut-off valve control causes a rapid increase in hydraulic pressure. Under the action of the shut-off valve return spring 901, the shut-off valve core 902 moves downward and sits on the low-leakage valve body 506, closing the methanol inlet pipe 904. The methanol flow rate into the primary control chamber 702 from the primary methanol inlet throttling orifice 712 rapidly decreases. Under the combined effect of the above two factors, the hydraulic pressure in the primary control chamber 702 rapidly decreases, and the amount of methanol returning during injection is significantly reduced. At this time, the upward resultant force on the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 increases, and its upward acceleration will be... With a significant improvement, the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 moves upward against the preload force of the sealing needle valve return spring 710. When the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 contacts the lift control valve block 510, due to the presence of high-pressure methanol in the secondary control chamber 511, the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 stops moving after contact. The multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 completes a small lift. At this time, the lifting of the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 connects the primary nozzle control chamber 708 with the high-pressure methanol inlet path 704, and the high-pressure methanol is sprayed out through the primary nozzle 705 to carry out a high-stability injection process of a small amount of methanol.After injection, the multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly 2 is de-energized, the multi-channel control valve core 207 is seated, the shut-off valve control circuit 210 is disconnected from the shut-off valve control methanol inlet path 211, and the shut-off valve control circuit 210 is reconnected to the low-pressure methanol return path 204. High-pressure methanol in the upper chamber 905 of the shut-off valve control flows out through the shut-off valve control circuit 210, the second control ring chamber 212, and the low-pressure methanol return path 204, causing a rapid decrease in liquid pressure within the upper chamber 905 of the shut-off valve control. The shut-off valve core 902 then moves into the lower chamber 903 of the shut-off valve control. Under hydraulic pressure, the valve moves upward against the preload of the stop valve return spring 901, connecting the methanol inlet pipe 904 to the primary methanol inlet throttling orifice 712. Simultaneously, the primary control pipe 208 reconnects to the first control ring cavity 209 and the primary control chamber control circuit 206. With their combined action, high-pressure methanol flows simultaneously from the primary methanol inlet throttling orifice 712 and the primary methanol outlet throttling orifice 701 into the primary control chamber 702. The primary control chamber 702 rapidly completes the pressure build-up process, and the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 accelerates its seat, ending the injection.

[0029] In implementation method 8, based on implementation method 1, under high-flow injection mode, the quick-start low-leakage valve coil 502 inside the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly 5 is energized first. The quick-start low-leakage valve core 501 generates electromagnetic force to attract the quick-start low-leakage valve armature 503. The quick-start low-leakage valve armature 503 drives the valve stem 517 to lift, causing the secondary methanol outlet throttling orifice 515 to open. High-pressure methanol in the secondary control chamber 511 flows out through the internal through-hole of the quick-start low-leakage valve core 513 and the secondary methanol outlet throttling orifice 515. Due to the throttling effect of the internal through-hole of the quick-start low-leakage valve core 513, the quick-start low-leakage valve core... The lower end of 513 experiences greater hydraulic pressure, overcoming the preload force of the quick-start low-leakage valve reset spring 514, causing the quick-start low-leakage valve core 513 to move upward. The rapid replenishment methanol path 507 is closed, and high-pressure methanol can only flow into the secondary control chamber 511 through the secondary inlet throttle orifice 509. The hydraulic pressure in the secondary control chamber 511 rapidly decreases, and the upward resultant force on the lift control valve block 510 overcomes the preload force of the lift control block reset spring 512, causing the lift control valve block 510 to move upward. This increases the geometric maximum lift of the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709; then, the multi-path electromagnetic control... When current is applied to valve assembly 2, its internal control armature 203 drives the control valve stem 215 and the multi-channel control valve core 207 to move upward. The upward movement of the second control ring cavity 212 connects the stop valve control methanol inlet path 211 with the stop valve control circuit 210. High-pressure methanol inside the stop valve control methanol inlet path 211 enters the stop valve control upper cavity 905, causing its pressure to increase rapidly. The stop valve core 902 moves downward and sits down, closing the methanol inlet pipeline 904. The methanol return flow will be significantly reduced. At the same time, the low-pressure methanol return path 204 is connected to the primary control room control path 206. High-pressure methanol fuel in the control chamber 702 flows to the low-pressure methanol return path 204 through the primary methanol outlet throttle orifice 701, the primary control chamber control path 206, and the first control ring cavity 209. The liquid pressure in the primary control chamber 702 decreases rapidly, and at the same time, the upward acceleration of the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 is significantly increased. When the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 is fully opened, the primary nozzle control cavity 708 and the secondary nozzle control cavity 707 are both connected to the high-pressure methanol inlet path 704. High-pressure methanol is sprayed out through the primary nozzle 705 and the secondary nozzle 706, resulting in a high-flow-rate, high-stability methanol injection process.After injection, the quick-start low-leakage valve coil 502 inside the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly 5 is de-energized, the secondary methanol outlet throttle orifice 515 is closed, and the pressure difference between the front and rear chambers inside the through hole of the quick-start low-leakage valve core 513 rapidly decreases. Under the pre-tightening force of the quick-start low-leakage valve reset spring 514, the quick-start low-leakage valve core 513 is seated, and the rapid methanol replenishment path 507 is connected. High-pressure methanol flows into the secondary control chamber 511 from the through hole inside the multi-hole annular valve seat 508 and the secondary methanol inlet throttle orifice 509, respectively. The secondary control chamber 511 achieves rapid pressure build-up and ascending control. As the valve block 510 accelerates downwards to its seat, the multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly 2 is de-energized, the multi-channel control valve core 207 sits down, the methanol inlet pipe 904 connects to the primary methanol inlet throttling orifice 712, and the primary control pipe 208 connects to the first control ring cavity 209 and the primary control chamber control circuit 206. High-pressure methanol flows simultaneously from the primary methanol inlet throttling orifice 712 and the primary methanol outlet throttling orifice 701 into the primary control chamber 702, rapidly building pressure. The multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 accelerates to its seat, ending the injection.

[0030] In embodiment 9, based on embodiment 1, in boot-type injection mode, current is simultaneously applied to the multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly 2 and the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly 5. At this time, the multi-channel control valve core 207 moves upward, connecting the shut-off valve control inlet methanol path 211 with the shut-off valve control circuit 210. High-pressure methanol inside the shut-off valve control inlet methanol path 211 enters the shut-off valve control upper chamber 905, causing its pressure to increase rapidly. Under the action of the shut-off valve return spring 901, the shut-off valve core 902 moves downward and sits on the low-leakage valve body 506. Because the shut-off valve core 902 moves downward and sits, the methanol inlet pipeline 904 is closed. During the depressurization process of the primary control chamber 702, no high-pressure methanol will flow in from the primary methanol inlet throttle orifice 712. Therefore, the depressurization process of the primary control chamber 702 is more efficient than the depressurization process in the secondary control chamber 511. The process is more rapid. The multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 first lifts upward until it contacts the lift control valve block 510 and then stops moving. At this time, the first-stage nozzle control chamber 708 is connected to the high-pressure methanol inlet path 704, and high-pressure methanol is sprayed out through the first-stage nozzle 705 for a micro-methanol injection. When the pressure in the second-stage control chamber 511 gradually decreases to a certain value, the lift control valve block 510 and the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 together overcome the return spring force of the lift control block and the return spring force of the sealing needle valve and move upward. When the two reach the upper stop point, the multi-stage sealing needle valve 709 moves upward so that the first-stage nozzle control chamber 708, the second-stage nozzle control chamber 707 are connected to the high-pressure methanol inlet path 704, and high-pressure methanol is sprayed out through the first-stage nozzle 705 and the second-stage nozzle 706. The methanol injection rate in the later stage of injection will be improved to achieve a boot-shaped injection rate.

[0031] This invention achieves a significant increase in the movement speed of the injector needle valve by cooperating with the multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly 2 and the shut-off valve assembly 9, thereby improving the stability and response characteristics of methanol injection. At the same time, it reduces the methanol backflow rate during injection and reduces the amount of methanol returned. By cooperating with the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly 5 and the variable nozzle assembly 7, it can realize multiple injection modes such as methanol micro-injection, high-flow injection, and shoe-type injection, while taking into account both high methanol injection stability and low methanol backflow in different injection modes.

Claims

1. A low-return, high-stability methanol injector with multiple injection modes coupled together, characterized in that: The system comprises, from top to bottom, an injector body, an injector intermediate body, a solenoid valve body, a low-leakage valve body, a lift control block body, and a nozzle body. A multi-channel solenoid control valve assembly is installed in the injector body. Quick-start low-leakage valve assemblies are installed in the injector intermediate body, solenoid valve body, low-leakage valve body, and lift control block body. A variable nozzle assembly is installed in the nozzle body. A shut-off valve assembly is installed in the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly. A pipeline connector is installed on the side of the injector body, and a methanol inlet is located in the pipeline connector. The shut-off valve assembly is connected to the multi-channel solenoid control valve assembly and the variable nozzle assembly via the methanol passage within the injector intermediate body and lift control block body. The multi-channel solenoid control valve assembly, quick-start low-leakage valve assembly, and variable nozzle assembly are interconnected via the methanol passage within the injector intermediate body and lift control block body.

2. The low-return, high-stability methanol injector with multi-injection mode coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-channel solenoid control valve assembly includes, from top to bottom, a multi-channel solenoid valve core, a control armature, and a multi-channel sleeve. The multi-channel control valve core is installed inside the multi-channel sleeve. A control valve stem is connected to the top of the multi-channel control valve core. The upper part of the control valve stem passes through the control armature and extends into the multi-channel solenoid valve core. A control armature return spring is installed above the control valve stem. A multi-channel solenoid valve coil is installed inside the multi-channel solenoid valve core. The multi-channel sleeve contains a low-pressure alcohol return path, a primary control chamber control path, a primary control pipeline, a shut-off valve control circuit, and a shut-off valve control inlet. The alcohol path has a first control ring cavity and a second control ring cavity on the multi-channel control valve core. Under the preload of the control armature return spring, the multi-channel control valve core is located at the bottom dead center. The shut-off valve control circuit is located at the top of the second control ring cavity, the low-pressure alcohol return path is located at the bottom of the second control ring cavity, the primary control pipeline is located at the bottom of the first control ring cavity, and the primary control chamber control path is located in the middle of the first control ring cavity. The shut-off valve control circuit, the second control ring cavity and the low-pressure alcohol return path are connected, the primary control pipeline and the primary control chamber control path are connected, and the shut-off valve controls the alcohol inlet path to be in the closed state.

3. The low-return, high-stability methanol injector with multi-injection mode coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-start low-leakage valve assembly includes a quick-start low-leakage valve core, a quick-start low-leakage valve armature, a valve stem, a quick-start low-leakage valve core, a multi-hole annular valve seat, and a lift control valve block. The quick-start low-leakage valve core is located inside the injector's intermediate body, the quick-start low-leakage valve armature is located inside the solenoid valve body, the lower part of the valve stem is located inside the solenoid valve body, and the upper part of the valve stem passes through the quick-start low-leakage valve armature and is located inside the quick-start low-leakage valve core. An armature return spring is installed above the valve stem, and the quick-start low-leakage valve coil is installed inside the quick-start low-leakage valve core. A multi-hole annular valve seat is located inside the low-leakage valve body and is fixed to the lift control block body below it. The multi-hole annular valve seat has annularly arranged through holes inside. The quick-start low-leakage valve core is installed on the multi-hole annular valve seat, and the lift control valve block is located below the multi-hole annular valve seat. The quick-start low-leakage valve core and the lift control valve block... A return spring is installed in the lift control block. A methanol through hole is set inside the quick-start low-leakage valve core. A return spring for the quick-start low-leakage valve is set above the quick-start low-leakage valve core. The lift control valve block, the multi-hole annular valve seat, the quick-start low-leakage valve core, and the lift control block body work together to form a secondary control chamber. A quick-replenishment methanol path and a secondary methanol outlet throttle orifice are set inside the low-leakage valve body. A secondary methanol inlet throttle orifice is set inside the lift control block body. The methanol through hole inside the quick-start low-leakage valve core is connected to the secondary control chamber and the secondary methanol outlet throttle orifice. The quick-replenishment methanol path and the secondary methanol inlet throttle orifice are connected to the methanol passage set inside the injector intermediate body, the injector body, and the lift control block body.

4. The low-return-volume, high-stability methanol injector with multi-injection mode coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable nozzle assembly includes a multi-stage sealing needle valve and a guide sealing sleeve. The multi-stage sealing needle valve has a needle valve protrusion. The guide sealing sleeve is fitted over the top of the multi-stage sealing needle valve. The multi-stage sealing needle valve is fitted with a sealing needle valve return spring, which is located between the guide sealing sleeve and the needle valve protrusion. The nozzle body is provided with a high-pressure methanol inlet path, a primary spray orifice, and a secondary spray orifice. The bottom of the multi-stage sealing needle valve cooperates with the nozzle body to form a primary spray orifice control chamber and a secondary spray orifice control chamber. The primary spray orifice control chamber is connected to the primary spray orifice, and the secondary spray orifice control chamber is connected to the secondary spray orifice. The high-pressure methanol inlet path is connected to the methanol passage provided in the injector intermediate body, the injector body, and the lift control block body. Under the pre-tightening force of the sealing needle valve return spring, the multi-stage sealing needle valve and the nozzle body form a sealing ring, and the primary spray orifice control chamber and the secondary spray orifice control chamber are disconnected from the high-pressure methanol inlet path.

5. The low-return-volume, high-stability methanol injector with multi-injection mode coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shut-off valve assembly includes a shut-off valve core, which is installed in the solenoid valve body and the low-leakage valve body. The shut-off valve core, the low-leakage valve body, and the solenoid valve body cooperate to form the lower control chamber and the upper control chamber of the shut-off valve, respectively. A shut-off valve return spring is installed above the shut-off valve core. The lower control chamber of the shut-off valve is connected to the first-stage methanol inlet throttling orifice through a methanol passage provided in the low-leakage valve body and the lift control block body. The upper control chamber of the shut-off valve is connected to the shut-off valve control circuit through a methanol passage provided in the injector intermediate body and the injector body.

6. The low-return-volume, high-stability methanol injector with multi-injection mode coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the second control ring cavity is greater than the sum of the diameters of the stop valve control alcohol inlet path and the stop valve control circuit. The displacement of the control armature is greater than the diameter of the first-level control pipeline and the low-pressure alcohol return path. The thickness of the multi-pass control valve core located between the first control ring cavity and the second control ring cavity is less than the diameter of the low-pressure alcohol return path.

7. A low-return, high-stability methanol injector with multiple injection modes coupled according to claim 1, characterized in that: In micro-injection mode, current is applied to the multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly. Its internal control armature drives the control valve stem and multi-channel control valve core to move upwards. The first and second control ring cavities move upwards as a whole. The primary control pipeline disconnects from the first control ring cavity, and the low-pressure methanol return path disconnects from the second control ring cavity but connects to the first control ring cavity. High-pressure methanol fuel in the primary control chamber flows through the primary methanol outlet throttle orifice, the primary control chamber control path, and the first control ring cavity to the low-pressure methanol return path. The shut-off valve control circuit disconnects from the low-pressure methanol return path, and the shut-off valve control inlet path connects to the shut-off valve control circuit. High-pressure methanol in the shut-off valve control inlet path flows through the second control ring cavity and the shut-off valve control circuit to the upper chamber of the shut-off valve control. Under the action of the shut-off valve return spring, the shut-off valve core moves downwards and sits on the low-leakage valve body, closing the methanol inlet pipeline. The multi-stage sealing needle valve overcomes the preload of the sealing needle valve return spring and moves upwards. When the multi-stage sealing needle valve connects with the lift control... After the valve block contacts, the multi-stage sealing needle valve stops moving and completes a small lift, connecting the first-stage spray orifice control chamber with the high-pressure methanol inlet path. High-pressure methanol is then ejected through the first-stage spray orifice, performing a high-stability injection process of a small amount of methanol. After the injection is completed, the multi-channel electromagnetic control valve assembly is de-energized, the multi-channel control valve core sits, the stop valve control circuit is disconnected from the stop valve control methanol inlet path, and the stop valve control circuit is reconnected to the low-pressure methanol return path. High-pressure methanol in the upper chamber of the stop valve control flows out through the stop valve control circuit, the second control ring chamber, and the low-pressure methanol return path. Under the action of the liquid pressure in the lower chamber controlled by the stop valve, the stop valve core moves upward against the preload of the stop valve reset spring, connecting the methanol inlet pipeline. The first-stage control pipeline is reconnected to the first control ring chamber and the first-stage control chamber control path. High-pressure methanol flows into the first-stage control chamber simultaneously from the first-stage methanol inlet throttle orifice and the first-stage methanol outlet throttle orifice. The first-stage control chamber completes pressure build-up, the multi-stage sealing needle valve sits, and the injection ends.

8. A low-return, high-stability methanol injector with multiple injection modes coupled according to claim 1, characterized in that: In high-flow injection mode, the quick-start low-leakage valve coil inside the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly is energized first, causing the valve stem to lift and open the secondary methanol outlet throttling orifice. High-pressure methanol in the secondary control chamber flows out through the internal through-hole of the quick-start low-leakage valve core and the secondary methanol outlet throttling orifice. The quick-start low-leakage valve core moves upward, closing the rapid replenishment methanol path. High-pressure methanol flows into the secondary control chamber only through the secondary methanol inlet throttling orifice. The upward resultant force on the lift control valve block overcomes the preload force of the lift control block reset spring, causing the lift control valve block to move upward. Current is applied to the multi-path solenoid control valve assembly, and its internal control armature drives the control valve stem and multi-path control valve core to move upward. The shut-off valve controls the methanol inlet path and connects to the shut-off valve control circuit. The shut-off valve core moves down and sits to close the methanol inlet pipeline. The low-pressure methanol return path connects to the primary control chamber control circuit. High-pressure methanol fuel in the primary control chamber passes through the primary methanol outlet throttling orifice. The methanol flows from the orifice, the primary control chamber control path, and the first control ring cavity to the low-pressure methanol return path. When the multi-stage sealing needle valve is fully opened, both the primary and secondary spray orifice control chambers are connected to the high-pressure methanol inlet path. High-pressure methanol is ejected through the primary and secondary spray orifices, resulting in a high-flow-rate, high-stability methanol injection process. After the injection is completed, the quick-start low-leakage valve coil inside the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly is de-energized, the secondary methanol outlet throttle orifice is closed, and the quick-start low-leakage valve core is seated under the pre-tightening force of the quick-start low-leakage valve reset spring. The rapid replenishment methanol path is connected, and high-pressure methanol flows into the secondary control chamber from the through hole inside the multi-hole annular valve seat and the secondary methanol inlet throttle orifice. The lift control valve block is seated downwards, the multi-path electromagnetic control valve assembly is de-energized, the multi-path control valve core is seated, and high-pressure methanol flows into the primary control chamber simultaneously from the primary methanol inlet throttle orifice and the primary methanol outlet throttle orifice. The multi-stage sealing needle valve is seated, ending the injection process.

9. A low-return, high-stability methanol injector with multiple injection modes coupled according to claim 1, characterized in that: In boot-type injection mode, current is simultaneously applied to the multi-channel solenoid control valve assembly and the quick-start low-leakage valve assembly. The multi-channel control valve core moves upward, and the shut-off valve core moves downward to seat, closing the methanol inlet pipeline. The multi-stage sealing needle valve first lifts upward until it contacts the lift control valve block and stops moving. The first-stage nozzle control chamber is connected to the high-pressure methanol inlet pipeline, and high-pressure methanol is ejected through the first-stage nozzle for a micro-methanol injection. The pressure in the second-stage control chamber decreases, and the lift control valve block and the multi-stage sealing needle valve together overcome the return spring force of the lift control block and the return spring force of the sealing needle valve to move upward. When the lift control valve block and the multi-stage sealing needle valve reach the upper dead point, the first-stage nozzle control chamber and the second-stage nozzle control chamber are connected to the high-pressure methanol inlet pipeline, and high-pressure methanol is ejected through the first-stage nozzle and the second-stage nozzle.

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