Device for detecting perpendicularity and aperture of pile foundation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser measurement, in particular to a pile foundation perpendicularity and aperture detection device. Comprising a pile hole and a positioning device, the positioning device is arranged in the pile hole and comprises a fixing disc arranged in the pile hole, a plurality of clamping blocks are inserted into the fixing disc, a fixing block is fixedly connected to the bottom of each clamping block, and a laser range finder is fixedly installed in each fixing block; a testing assembly is arranged at the position, corresponding to the laser range finder, of the fixing disc and comprises two main threaded columns, the outer portions of the two main threaded columns are in threaded connection with the inner portion of the fixing disc, a high-reflection target surface is provided for the laser range finder through a high-reflection film patch, and a level is matched for calibration and coaxiality fine adjustment, so that the measurement error is reduced, and the measurement precision is improved. Key data of irregular sections can be captured; the design of sliding of the sliding frame, buffering of the spring and stretching of the main threaded column adapts to pile holes with different diameters and irregular inner walls.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser measurement technology, and more specifically, to a device for detecting the verticality and borehole diameter of pile foundations. Background Technology

[0002] Laser detection technology is a non-contact measurement technique that uses laser light as a medium. It primarily calculates parameters such as distance and displacement by analyzing changes in the reflection angle. This technology employs a laser diode to emit pulses, which are reflected by the target and received by a receiver lens. A CCD linear camera captures the angle of the reflected light point, and a digital signal processor analyzes the data to complete the measurement.

[0003] There are many existing technologies for pile foundation testing, such as: Chinese Patent Publication No. CN118031852A discloses a device for detecting the verticality of pile foundations and the diameter of pile foundation holes. The device uses a positioning unit to adjust a laser ranging probe to the center of its port. Then, an tilt adjustment unit adjusts the angle α between the laser ranging probe and the axis of the pile hole port, allowing the laser ranging probe to illuminate the hole wall and measure the distance L. The radius R of the pile hole can then be calculated using a sine formula. A rotation unit rotates the laser ranging probe, allowing the measurement of the radius R at different locations within the same depth of the pile hole. The average diameter of the pile hole at the same depth is then calculated. Finally, the verticality of the pile foundation is obtained by measuring the difference between the diameter at the top and bottom of the pile hole. Compared to traditional measurement methods, this method makes the laser ranging probe less susceptible to interference during the detection process, resulting in more accurate measurement results.

[0004] According to existing technology, the above-mentioned detection device assumes that the cross-section of the pile hole is a perfect circle and calculates the hole diameter by taking the average of the radii at the same depth and multiple angles. However, since the actual pile hole often has an irregular cross-section due to drilling deviation, the average radius cannot accurately reflect the actual hole diameter, which leads to a systematic deviation in the verticality calculation (which depends on the hole diameter difference). Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a device for detecting the verticality and borehole diameter of pile foundations. It provides a highly reflective target surface for a laser rangefinder through a highly reflective film patch. Combined with level calibration and coaxiality fine-tuning, the measurement error is reduced, and it can also capture key data of irregular cross sections. This solves the problem mentioned in the background art, namely: because actual pile holes often have irregular cross sections due to drilling deviations, the average radius cannot accurately reflect the actual borehole diameter, which leads to systematic deviations in verticality calculation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a detection device for the verticality and borehole diameter of a pile foundation includes a pile hole and a positioning device. The positioning device is installed inside the pile hole. The positioning device includes a fixed plate installed inside the pile hole. Multiple locking blocks are inserted inside the fixed plate. A fixing block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the locking blocks. A laser rangefinder is fixedly installed inside the fixing block. A test component is provided on the fixed plate corresponding to the position of the laser rangefinder. The test component includes two main threaded posts, the outside of which are threaded to the inside of the fixed plate. A fixed frame is rotatably connected to the end of the two main threaded posts away from the fixed plate. Two slides are slidably connected to the outside of the fixed frame. A patch is fixedly connected to the end of the two slides that are close to each other. The patch is attached to the inner wall of the pile hole. The patch and the laser rangefinder are at the same horizontal height. The patch is used to provide a highly reflective and flat target surface for the laser rangefinder.

[0007] In the above technical solution, two limiting discs are fixedly installed on the outside of the fixed frame, and two springs are fixedly connected to the side walls of the fixed frame and the side walls of the limiting discs on both sides of the slide. A highly reflective film is adhered to the end of the patch away from the pile hole. A steel wire rope is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed disc, and the end of the steel wire rope away from the fixed disc is fixedly connected to the traction end of the winch.

[0008] Secondly, a blocking component for protecting the laser rangefinder is provided on one side of the fixing block. The blocking component includes a sleeve located on the light-emitting side of the laser rangefinder. Fixing rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the sleeve. The fixing rods are detachably connected to the fixing block by positioning bolts. A sliding cylinder is slidably connected inside the sleeve, and the sliding cylinder extends toward the side of the patch.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the above, an adjustment device is provided at the top of the pile hole. The adjustment device includes a support ring located directly above the pile hole. A support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the support ring. A movable seat is slidably connected to the outside of the support frame. Multiple guide wheels are rotatably connected inside the movable seat. A steel wire rope passes through the inside of the multiple guide wheels. Two auxiliary threaded posts are threadedly connected inside the movable seat. A rubber sheet is provided at the end of the auxiliary threaded post near the support frame. Two scales are fixedly connected to the top of the fixed frame. An indicator pointer is fixedly installed on the top of the movable seat at the position corresponding to the scales. Multiple levels are fixedly installed on the top of the support ring. Multiple adjusting screws are threadedly connected inside the support ring.

[0010] Meanwhile, two prompting components are provided on the outside of the two scales. Each prompting component includes a slider that is fitted around the outside of the two scales. A round rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider. The round rod fits against the inner wall of the pile hole. Multiple through slots are opened on the surface of the slider. The through slots are used to observe the numbers on the surface of the scales. Limiting blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the locking block. The limiting blocks are embedded inside the fixed plate. The locking block is detachably connected to the fixed plate by mounting bolts.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this pile foundation verticality and borehole diameter detection device, a highly reflective film patch provides a highly reflective target surface for the laser rangefinder. Combined with level calibration and coaxiality fine-tuning, measurement errors are reduced, and key data of irregular cross-sections can be captured. The sliding carriage, spring buffer, and main threaded column telescopic design are adaptable to pile holes of different diameters and irregular inner walls. The winch traction supports continuous detection at multiple depths. The modular and detachable structure with threaded adjustment design makes installation and calibration convenient and maintenance and transportation worry-free. The double-layer sleeve protects the laser rangefinder from interference by dust and mud, and the double fixing and uniform force distribution layout ensures stable detection. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the fixed disk structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is an enlarged structural diagram of point A in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve in this invention; Figure 5 This is an enlarged structural diagram of point B in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the support ring structure in this invention; Figure 7 This is an enlarged structural diagram of point C in the present invention; Figure 8 This is an enlarged structural diagram of point D in the present invention.

[0013] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Pile hole; 2. Positioning device; 21. Fixing plate; 22. Clamping block; 23. Fixing block; 24. Limiting block; 3. Laser rangefinder; 4. Testing component; 41. Main threaded column; 42. Fixing frame; 43. Slide; 44. Patch; 45. Limiting plate; 46. Spring; 47. High reflective film; 5. Level; 6. Winch; 7. Wire rope; 8. Blocking component; 81. Fixing rod; 82. Sleeve; 83. Slide cylinder; 9. Adjusting device; 91. Support ring; 92. Support frame; 93. Moving seat; 94. Guide wheel; 95. Secondary threaded column; 96. Scale; 97. Pointer; 98. Adjusting screw; 10. Indicating component; 101. Slider; 102. Round bar; 103. Through groove. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0015] Because actual pile holes often have irregular cross-sections due to drilling deviations, the average radius cannot accurately reflect the actual hole diameter, which leads to systematic deviations in the verticality calculation (which depends on the hole diameter difference).

[0016] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a device for detecting the verticality and borehole diameter of pile foundations, with reference to... Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes a pile hole 1 and a positioning device 2. The positioning device 2 is installed inside the pile hole 1. The positioning device 2 includes a fixed plate 21 installed inside the pile hole 1. Multiple locking blocks 22 are inserted into the fixed plate 21. Limiting blocks 24 fixedly connected to both sides of the locking blocks 22 are embedded in the fixed plate 21, which can limit the locking blocks 22 to prevent them from shifting after installation and provide a stable installation reference for subsequent components. The bottom of the locking block 22 is fixedly connected to a fixing block 23, which provides a solid support for the laser rangefinder 3 installed inside. The laser rangefinder 3 is fixedly installed inside the fixing block 23. Limiting blocks 24 are fixedly connected to both sides of the locking block 22. The limiting blocks 24 are embedded inside the fixing plate 21. The locking block 22 is detachably connected to the fixing plate 21 by mounting bolts. The locking block 22 is detachably connected to the fixing plate 21 by mounting bolts, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly and facilitates the subsequent maintenance and replacement of the laser rangefinder 3.

[0017] refer to Figure 1-3As shown, a test component 4 is set on the fixed plate 21 at the position corresponding to the laser rangefinder 3. The test component 4 includes two main threaded posts 41. The outside of the two main threaded posts 41 is threadedly connected to the inside of the fixed plate 21. The main threaded posts 41 can fix subsequent components on the fixed plate 21. The end of the two main threaded posts 41 away from the fixed plate 21 is rotatably connected to a fixed frame 42. The outside of the fixed frame 42 is slidably connected to two slides 43. The end of the two slides 43 close to each other is fixedly connected to a patch 44. The patch 44 fits against the inner wall of the pile hole 1. The patch 44 and the laser rangefinder 3 are at the same horizontal height. The patch 44 is used to provide a highly reflective and flat target surface for the laser rangefinder 3, so that the distance measured by the laser rangefinder 3 is directly the horizontal radial distance from the center of the pile hole 1 to the hole wall, without the need for additional correction of angle deviation, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data. Two limiting plates 45 are fixedly installed on the outside of the fixed frame 42. Two springs 46 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the fixed frame 42 and the side walls of the limiting plates 45 on both sides of the slide 43. The springs 46 can push the patch 44 to adapt to the local concavity and convexity of the inner wall of the pile hole 1. Even if the cross-section of the pile hole 1 is slightly irregular, it can fit tightly, improving the adaptability. A high reflective film 47 is attached to the end of the patch 44 away from the pile hole 1 to further enhance the laser reflection performance of the target surface and avoid laser scattering caused by the roughness and low reflectivity of the inner wall of the pile hole 1, so that the laser can be accurately transmitted back.

[0018] refer to Figure 1-3 As shown, a steel wire rope 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plate 21. The end of the steel wire rope 7 away from the fixed plate 21 is fixedly connected to the traction end of the winch 6. Through the stable traction of the winch 6 and the transmission cooperation of the steel wire rope 7, the positioning device 2 is smoothly driven to move up and down in the pile hole 1 to realize the detection of hole diameter and verticality at different depths. A blocking component 8 for protecting the laser rangefinder 3 is provided on one side of the fixed block 23. The blocking component 8 includes a sleeve 82 located on the light-emitting side of the laser rangefinder 3. The sleeve 82 effectively blocks dust, mud splashes and water vapor condensation in the pile hole 1, avoids contamination of the laser light outlet and causes ranging failure, and provides basic protection for the laser rangefinder 3. Both sides of the sleeve 82 are fixedly connected with fixing rods 81. The fixing rods 81 are detachably connected to the fixing block 23 by positioning bolts. The sleeve 82 is slidably connected with a sliding cylinder 83. The sliding cylinder 83 extends towards the side of the patch 44. The sliding design does not affect the normal transmission of the laser to the patch 44, and can further extend the protection path, enhance the protection effect on the laser rangefinder 3, and adapt to the harsh construction environment of the pile hole 1.

[0019] refer to Figure 1-3As shown, the top of the pile hole 1 is provided with an adjustment device 9. The adjustment device 9 includes a support ring 91, which is located directly above the pile hole 1. A support frame 92 is fixedly connected to the top of the support ring 91. A movable seat 93 is slidably connected to the outside of the support frame 92. The sliding design allows the movable seat 93 to be flexibly adjusted to adapt to the coaxiality adjustment requirements under different working conditions. Multiple guide wheels 94 are rotatably connected inside the movable seat 93. The wire rope 7 is threaded through the inside of the multiple guide wheels 94. The guide wheels 94 convert the sliding friction of the wire rope 7 into rolling friction, reduce the traction resistance, and ensure that the winch 6 drives the positioning device 2 to rise and fall smoothly without deviation. The internal threaded connection of the movable seat 93 has two auxiliary threaded posts 95. The auxiliary threaded posts 95 press against the side wall of the support frame 92, thereby restricting the position of the movable seat 93. The end of the auxiliary threaded post 95 near the support frame 92 is provided with a rubber sheet, which not only enhances the friction when locking to ensure that the movable seat 93 does not loosen after being fixed, but also avoids hard contact that could scratch the support frame 92. The top of the fixed frame 42 is fixedly connected to two scales 96. The top of the movable seat 93 is fixedly installed with an indicator pointer 97 corresponding to the position of the scales 96. The scales 96 and the pointer 97 work together to visually read the adjustment amount of the movable seat 93, helping the operator to align the center of the fixed plate 21 with the axis of the pile hole 1, and further improving the accuracy of hole diameter and verticality measurement. Multiple levels 5 are fixedly installed on the top of the support ring 91, allowing for direct observation of the horizontal state of the support ring 91. Multiple adjusting screws 98 are connected internally to the support ring 91, which can calibrate the level of the support ring 91, providing a stable and reliable measurement benchmark for the entire device and avoiding systematic errors caused by benchmark tilt.

[0020] refer to Figure 1-3 As shown, two prompting components 10 are provided on the outside of the two scales 96. The prompting components 10 include sliders 101 that are fitted on the outside of the two scales 96. The sliders 101 are adapted to the scales 96 and can move synchronously with the shape of the inner wall of the pile hole 1. A round rod 102 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliders 101. The round rod 102 fits against the inner wall of the pile hole 1 and can follow the cross-sectional changes of the pile hole 1 in real time. Multiple through grooves 103 are opened on the surface of the sliders 101. The through grooves 103 are used to observe the numbers on the surface of the scales 96. The diameter of the pile hole 1 is read by reading the numbers between the two sliders 101, which makes it convenient for the moving base 93 to find the center point of the pile hole 1.

[0021] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Place the support ring 91 directly above the pile hole 1, and determine the horizontal state by observing the level 5 at the top of the support ring 91. Rotate the adjusting screw 98 inside the support ring 91 until the level 5 shows horizontal. Then push the slider 101 to move the round bar 102. The round bar 102 fits against the inner wall of the pile hole 1. Then slide the moving seat 93 on the support frame 92 and use the prompting component 10 to help find the center point. The bottom round bar 102 fits against the inner wall of the pile hole 1 and moves synchronously with the cross-sectional shape of the pile hole 1. The operator reads the value of the scale 96 through the through groove 103 on the surface of the slider 101, determines the diameter of the pile hole 1 according to the distance between the two sliders 101, and then adjusts the position of the moving seat 93 so that the center of the fixed plate 21 is aligned with the axis of the pile hole 1. After the adjustment is completed, the auxiliary threaded column 95 inside the moving seat 93 is rotated, and the support frame 92 is tightened by the end rubber sheet to lock the moving seat 93 to prevent it from shifting.

[0022] Insert the locking block 22 into the fixing plate 21. The limiting blocks 24 on both sides are embedded in the fixing plate 21 to achieve the limiting. Then, use the mounting bolts to fix the locking block 22 to the fixing plate 21. Then rotate the main threaded column 41 on the fixing plate 21 to push the fixing frame 42 to move towards the inner wall of the pile hole 1. The slide 43 outside the fixing frame 42 adapts to the extension and retraction under the elastic force of the spring 46, which drives the patch 44 to fit tightly against the inner wall of the pile hole 1. At the same time, the fixing rod 81 of the blocking component 8 is connected to the fixing block 23 through the positioning bolt, so that the sleeve 82 and the slide 83 are fitted on the light-emitting side of the laser rangefinder 3 to form a dustproof and mudproof protection. Start the winch 6, and slowly lower the positioning device 2 to the target detection depth of the pile hole 1 by pulling the steel wire rope 7. The guide wheel 94 in the moving seat 93 converts the sliding friction of the steel wire rope 7 into rolling friction, reducing the traction resistance and ensuring that the positioning device 2 rises and falls smoothly without deviation.

[0023] The cross-section of the pile hole 1 has a slight ellipse or local unevenness, and the spring 46 can also push the patch 44 to always be in contact, and the patch 44 and the laser rangefinder 3 maintain the same horizontal height; the highly reflective film 47 at the end of the patch 44 away from the pile hole 1 forms a highly reflective flat target surface. The laser emitted by the laser rangefinder 3 shuttles inside the sleeve 82 and the slide cylinder 83, and after irradiating the patch 44, it is transmitted back, directly measuring the horizontal radial distance from the center of the pile hole 1 to the hole wall, without the need for additional correction of angle deviation.

[0024] After recording the distance measurement data at the current depth, the positioning device 2 is gradually raised and lowered by the winch 6, and the above laser distance measurement steps are repeated to obtain radial distance data at multiple depths such as the top, middle and bottom of the pile hole 1; the verticality of the pile foundation is calculated, and the actual effective hole diameter of the pile hole 1 is determined according to the diameter data read by the prompt component 10, thus completing the entire detection process.

[0025] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the verticality and borehole diameter of a pile foundation, comprising a pile hole (1) and a positioning device (2), characterized in that: The interior of the pile hole (1) is provided with a positioning device (2). The positioning device (2) includes a fixed plate (21) installed inside the pile hole (1). Multiple locking blocks (22) are inserted inside the fixed plate (21). A fixing block (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the locking block (22). A laser rangefinder (3) is fixedly installed inside the fixing block (23). A test component (4) is provided on the fixed disk (21) at the position corresponding to the laser rangefinder (3). The test component (4) includes two main threaded columns (41). The two main threaded columns (41) are threadedly connected to the outside of the fixed disk (21). A fixed frame (42) is rotatably connected to the end of the two main threaded columns (41) away from the fixed disk (21). Two slides (43) are slidably connected to the outside of the fixed frame (42). A patch (44) is fixedly connected to the end of the two slides (43) that are close to each other. The patch (44) fits into the inner wall of the pile hole (1). The patch (44) and the laser rangefinder (3) are at the same horizontal height. The patch (44) is used to provide a highly reflective and flat target surface for the laser rangefinder (3).

2. The pile foundation verticality and borehole diameter detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed frame (42) has two limiting plates (45) fixedly installed on its exterior. The two sides of the slide (43) are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed frame (42) and the side wall of the limiting plate (45) with two springs (46). The patch (44) has a high reflective film (47) glued to the end away from the pile hole (1).

3. The pile foundation verticality and borehole diameter detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A steel wire rope (7) is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plate (21), and the end of the steel wire rope (7) away from the fixed plate (21) is fixedly connected to the traction end of the winch (6).

4. The pile foundation verticality and borehole diameter detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing block (23) is provided with a blocking component (8) for protecting the laser rangefinder (3) on one side. The blocking component (8) includes a sleeve (82) located on the light-emitting side of the laser rangefinder (3). Fixing rods (81) are fixedly connected to both sides of the sleeve (82). The fixing rods (81) are detachably connected to the fixing block (23) by positioning bolts.

5. The pile foundation verticality and borehole diameter detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sleeve (82) is slidably connected to a slide cylinder (83), which extends toward the side of the patch (44).

6. The pile foundation verticality and borehole diameter detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An adjustment device (9) is provided at the top of the pile hole (1). The adjustment device (9) includes a support ring (91). The support ring (91) is located directly above the pile hole (1). A support frame (92) is fixedly connected to the top of the support ring (91). A movable seat (93) is slidably connected to the outside of the support frame (92). Multiple guide wheels (94) are rotatably connected inside the movable seat (93). The wire rope (7) passes through the inside of the multiple guide wheels (94).

7. The pile foundation verticality and borehole diameter detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable seat (93) has two auxiliary threaded posts (95) connected internally. The auxiliary threaded posts (95) have a rubber sheet at one end near the support frame (92). The top of the fixed frame (42) is fixedly connected to two scales (96). The top of the movable seat (93) is fixedly installed with an indicator pointer (97) corresponding to the scales (96).

8. The pile foundation verticality and borehole diameter detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Multiple levels (5) are fixedly installed on the top of the support ring (91), and multiple adjusting screws (98) are threadedly connected inside the support ring (91).

9. The pile foundation verticality and borehole diameter detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two prompting components (10) are provided on the outside of the two scales (96). The prompting components (10) include sliders (101) that are fitted on the outside of the two scales (96). A round rod (102) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider (101). The round rod (102) fits against the inner wall of the pile hole (1). Multiple through grooves (103) are opened on the surface of the slider (101). The through grooves (103) are used to observe the numbers on the surface of the scales (96).

10. The device for detecting the verticality and borehole diameter of pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the card block (22) are fixedly connected to limit blocks (24), the limit blocks (24) are embedded inside the fixed plate (21), and the card block (22) is detachably connected to the fixed plate (21) by mounting bolts.

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