Grid ground plane for antenna system in analyte monitoring system

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for improving the communication range of an analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, an analyte sensor system may include an analyte sensor configured to generate analyte data associated with an analyte level of a user of the analyte sensor system; a first conductive portion configured to transmit the analyte data to a communication device; a circuit board configured to operably connect the analyte sensor with the first conductive portion; and a second conductive portion configured to reflect a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with at least the transmission of the analyte data away from the body of the user.

Description

Cross-reference to related applications

[0001] This application claims priority and benefit to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 582,735, filed September 14, 2023, which is assigned to the assignee of this application and is hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, as if fully set forth herein and for all applicable purposes. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure generally relates to electronic devices, such as analytical sensor systems for monitoring the values ​​of analytical substances for a user. Background Technology

[0003] Diabetes is a metabolic disorder related to the body's production and use of insulin. Insulin is a hormone that allows the body to use glucose for energy or store glucose as fat. When a person eats a diet containing carbohydrates, food is processed by the digestive system, which produces glucose in the blood. Blood glucose can be used for energy or stored as fat. The body normally maintains blood glucose levels within a range that provides enough energy to support bodily functions and avoids problems that can occur when glucose levels are too high or too low. The regulation of blood glucose levels depends on the production and use of insulin, which regulates the movement of blood glucose into cells.

[0004] When the body doesn't produce enough insulin, or when it can't effectively use the insulin it has, blood sugar levels can rise above the normal range. This condition of having higher than normal blood sugar levels is called "hyperglycemia." Chronic hyperglycemia can lead to several health problems, such as cardiovascular disease, cataracts and other eye problems, nerve damage (neuropathy), and kidney damage. Hyperglycemia can also cause acute problems such as diabetic ketoacidosis, a state in which the body becomes excessively acidic due to the presence of blood sugar and ketones produced when the body cannot use glucose. This condition of having lower than normal blood sugar levels is called "hypoglycemia." Severe hypoglycemia can lead to acute critical illness, which can cause seizures or death.

[0005] People with diabetes can receive insulin to control their blood sugar levels. For example, insulin can be administered manually with a needle. Wearable insulin pumps are also available. Diet and exercise also affect blood sugar levels.

[0006] Diabetes is sometimes referred to as "type 1" and "type 2." People with type 1 diabetes can usually use insulin when it's present, but due to a problem with the pancreas's beta cells that produce insulin, the body cannot produce enough. People with type 2 diabetes may produce some insulin, but they develop "insulin resistance" due to decreased sensitivity to insulin. As a result, even when insulin is present in the body, it cannot be used effectively by the body to regulate blood sugar levels. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This disclosure provides techniques for improving the communication range of an analyte sensor system. The analyte sensor system may include: an analyte sensor configured to generate analyte data associated with the analyte level of a user of the analyte sensor system; a first conductive portion configured to transmit the analyte data to a communication device; a circuit board configured to operatively connect the analyte sensor to the first conductive portion; and a second conductive portion configured to reflect a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with the transmission of at least the analyte data away from the user's body.

[0008] An additional aspect relates to an antenna system for transmitting analyte data. The antenna system may include a first conductive portion operatively coupled to an analyte sensor via a circuit board. The first conductive portion is configured to receive analyte data associated with the analyte level of a user of the analyte sensor system and to transmit the analyte data to a communication device for display to the user. The antenna system may also include a second conductive portion coupled to the circuit board, wherein the second conductive portion is configured to reflect a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with at least the transmission of the analyte data away from the user's body.

[0009] An additional aspect relates to an analyte monitoring system. The analyte monitoring system may include a communication device and an analyte sensor system. The analyte sensor system may include an analyte sensor and a first antenna system configured to generate analyte data associated with the analyte level of a user of the analyte sensor system. The first antenna system may include a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion, the first conductive portion configured to receive analyte data from the analyte sensor and transmit the analyte data to the communication device for display to the user, the second conductive portion configured to reflect a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with at least the transmission of the analyte data away from the user's body. The analyte sensor system may also include a circuit board configured to operatively connect the analyte sensor to the first conductive portion. The communication device may include a second antenna system configured to receive analyte data from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system. The communication device may be configured to display to the user the analyte data received from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system.

[0010] An additional aspect relates to a method for wireless communication using an analyte sensor system. The method includes: generating analyte data associated with an analyte level for a user of the analyte sensor system; transmitting the analyte data to a communication device for display to the user using a first conductive portion of an antenna system of the analyte sensor system; and reflecting a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with the transmission of at least the analyte data away from the user's body using a second conductive portion of the antenna system.

[0011] An additional aspect relates to a method for communication between a communication device and an analyte sensor system in an analyte monitoring system. The method includes: generating analyte data associated with an analyte level for a user of the analyte sensor system by the analyte sensor system; transmitting the analyte data to the communication device for display to the user by the analyte sensor system using a first conductive portion of a first antenna system of the analyte sensor system; reflecting a portion of power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with the transmission of at least the analyte data away from the user's body by the analyte sensor system using a second conductive portion of the first antenna system; receiving the analyte data from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system by the communication device using a second antenna system of the communication device; and displaying the analyte data received from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system to the user by the communication device.

[0012] Other aspects include: an apparatus operable to, configured to, or otherwise adapted to perform the foregoing methods and those methods described elsewhere herein; a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of the apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the foregoing methods and those methods described elsewhere herein; a computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium including code for performing the foregoing methods and those methods described elsewhere herein; and an apparatus including components for performing the foregoing methods and those methods described elsewhere herein. By way of example, an apparatus may include a processing system, a device having a processing system, or a processing system cooperating via one or more networks.

[0013] The following description and figures illustrate certain features for illustrative purposes. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Other aspects of this disclosure will be more readily understood when the following detailed description of the various disclosed embodiments is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 Examples of aspects of a sample system that can be used in conjunction with several implementation schemes are illustrated.

[0016] Figure 2 Aspects of an exemplary system that can be used in conjunction with several implementation schemes are shown.

[0017] Figure 3A This is an exemplary analytical material sensor system according to some implementation schemes.

[0018] Figure 3B This is an exemplary analytical material sensor system according to some implementation schemes.

[0019] Figure 4 Examples of various aspects of an analytical object sensor system based on some implementation schemes are illustrated.

[0020] Figure 5 An aspect of an exemplary analytical material sensor system according to some implementation schemes is shown.

[0021] Figure 6 An example radiation pattern of one or more antennas of an analyte sensor system is shown.

[0022] Figure 7 An example analytical sensor system incorporated into a grid ground plane is illustrated.

[0023] Figure 8An example embodiment is illustrated in which the grid ground plane is disposed on the exterior of the housing of the analyte sensor system and incorporated into the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system.

[0024] Figure 9 An example implementation of an analyte sensor system is shown, in which one or more antennas include a J-shaped antenna or a partial helical antenna.

[0025] Figure 10 Another example implementation is illustrated in which the grid ground plane is arranged inside the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0026] Figure 11 Another example implementation is illustrated in which the grid ground plane is integrated onto the printed circuit board (PCB) of the analyte sensor system.

[0027] Figure 12 Another example implementation of the analyte sensor system is illustrated, which includes multiple conductive grid planes.

[0028] Figure 13 Methods for wireless communication by an analyte sensor system according to some embodiments disclosed herein are described.

[0029] Figure 14 A method for communication between a communication device and an analyte sensor system in an analyte monitoring system, according to some embodiments disclosed herein, is described.

[0030] Figure 15 Various aspects of example health monitoring devices based on some implementation schemes disclosed herein are described.

[0031] Figure 16 Various aspects of example health monitoring devices based on some implementation schemes disclosed herein are described.

[0032] The accompanying drawings, described in more detail in the following description and examples, are provided for illustrative purposes only and depict only typical or exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. The drawings are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit this disclosure to its precise form. It should also be understood that this disclosure may be implemented with modifications or alterations, and that it may be limited only by the claims and their equivalents. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Various aspects of this disclosure provide systems, methods, and apparatus for improving the communication range of analyte sensor systems. For example, an analyte sensor system can be worn by a user and configured to continuously monitor the user's analyte levels. These analyte levels can then be transmitted from the analyte sensor system to a display device (e.g., a smartphone) using an antenna system including one or more antennas, allowing the user to conveniently track their analyte levels. Some existing analyte sensor systems are bulky and often uncomfortable to wear. Therefore, there is a continuous competitive drive to miniaturize analyte sensor systems, for example, to provide users with better comfort, discreet use, and / or ease of use.

[0034] However, this miniaturization may negatively impact the communication or transmission range of the analyte sensor system, potentially causing the display device to fail to receive the user's analyte level. In some cases, these negative impacts may result from positioning one or more antennas of the analyte sensor system's antenna system closer to the user's body. For example, when one or more antennas are positioned closer to the user's body, a significant portion of the radio frequency (RF) power radiated by the one or more antennas during analyte data transmission may be absorbed by the user's body, significantly reducing the transmission or communication range of the analyte sensor system.

[0035] Therefore, aspects of this disclosure provide techniques for improving the communication or transmission range of certain analyte sensor systems. In some embodiments, these techniques may involve the use of a conductive grid ground plane disposed between a user's body and one or more antennas of the analyte sensor system. In some cases, the grid ground plane may be configured to reflect a portion of the RF power radiated by the one or more antennas away from the user's body and toward a display device, thereby increasing the RF power radiated toward the display device and improving the communication range and overall efficiency of one or more antennas of the analyte sensor system.

[0036] Details of some exemplary embodiments of the systems, methods, and apparatuses disclosed herein are set forth in this specification and, in some cases, in other parts of this disclosure. Other features, objects, and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of this disclosure, the specification, drawings, examples, and claims. All such additional systems, methods, apparatuses, features, and advantages are intended to be included within this specification (whether expressly or by reference), within the scope of this disclosure, and protected by one or more of the appended claims.

[0037] System Overview and Exemplary Configuration

[0038] Figure 1System 100 is described that can be used in conjunction with embodiments of this disclosure, which involve collecting, monitoring, and / or providing information about the values ​​of analytes present in a user's body, including, for example, the user's blood glucose level, other analytes, multiplexed or simultaneously measured analytes, etc. System 100 describes aspects of an analyte sensor system 8 that can be communicatively coupled to display devices 110, 120, 130, and 140, partner device 136, and / or server system 134.

[0039] In the illustrated embodiment, the analyte sensor system 8 includes an analyte sensor electronics module 12 and an analyte sensor 10 associated with the analyte sensor electronics module 12. The analyte sensor electronics module 12 may be electrically and mechanically coupled to the analyte sensor 10 before it is implanted in a user or host. Therefore, the analyte sensor 10 may not require the user to couple the sensor electronics module 12 to it. For example, the analyte sensor electronics module 12 may be physically / mechanically and electrically coupled to the analyte sensor 10 during manufacturing, and this physical / mechanical and electrical connection may be maintained during transport, storage, insertion, use, and removal of the analyte sensor system 8. Thus, the electromechanically connected components of the analyte sensor system 8 (e.g., the analyte sensor 10 and the analyte sensor electronics module 12) may be referred to as a “pre-connected” system. The analyte sensor electronics module 12 may wirelessly communicate (e.g., directly or indirectly) with one or more of the display devices 110, 120, 130, and 140. As a complement or alternative to display devices 110, 120, 130, and 140, the analyte sensor electronics module 12 may wirelessly communicate with partner device 136 and / or server system 134 (e.g., directly or indirectly). Similarly, in some examples, display devices 110 to 140 may additionally or alternatively wirelessly communicate with partner device 136 and / or server system 134 (e.g., directly or indirectly). Figure 1 The various couplings shown can be facilitated by a wireless access point (WAP) 138, as also mentioned below.

[0040] In some embodiments, the analyte sensor electronics module 12 includes electronic circuitry associated with measuring and processing analyte sensor data or information, including anticipated algorithms associated with the processing and / or calibration of the analyte sensor data / information. The analyte sensor electronics module 12 may be physically / mechanically connected to the analyte sensor 10 and may be integrally (non-releasably attached) or releasably attached to the analyte sensor 10. The analyte sensor electronics module 12 may also be electrically coupled to the analyte sensor 10, such that components are electromechanically coupled to each other. The analyte sensor electronics module 12 may include hardware, firmware, and / or software enabling the measurement and / or estimation of analyte levels in the host / user's body via the analyte sensor 10 (e.g., which may be / include a glucose sensor). For example, the analyte sensor electronics module 12 may include one or more of the following: a potentiostat, a power supply for providing power to the analyte sensor 10, other components for signal processing and data storage, and a telemetry module for transmitting data from the sensor electronics module to one or more display devices. Electronic devices can be attached to a printed circuit board (PCB) or platform within the analyte sensor system 8, and can take various forms. For example, electronic devices can take the form of integrated circuits (ICs), such as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), microcontrollers, processors, and / or state machines.

[0041] The analyzer sensor electronics module 12 may include sensor electronics configured to process sensor information (such as sensor data) and generate transformed sensor data and displayable sensor information. Examples of systems and methods for processing sensor analyte data are described in more detail herein and in U.S. Patent Nos. 7,310,544 and 6,931,327, and U.S. Patent Publications Nos. 2005 / 0043598, 2007 / 0032706, 2007 / 0016381, 2008 / 0033254, 2005 / 0203360, 2005 / 0154271, 2005 / 0192557, 2006 / 0222566, 2007 / 0203966, and 2007 / 0208245, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0042] Further reference Figure 1Display devices 110, 120, 130, and / or 140 can be configured to display (and / or alarm) displayable sensor information that can be transmitted by the analyte sensor electronics module 12 (e.g., in custom data packets sent to the display devices based on their respective preferences). Each of display devices 110, 120, 130, or 140 may (respectively) include a display, such as touchscreen displays 112, 122, 132, and / or 142 for displaying sensor information and / or analyte data to a user and / or receiving input from a user. For example, a graphical user interface (GUI) may be presented to the user for such purposes. In embodiments, the display devices may include other types of user interfaces, such as a voice user interface for communicating sensor information to the display device and / or receiving user input, in place of a touchscreen display or other than a touchscreen display. In the implementation, one, some, or all of the display devices 110, 120, 130, and 140 may be configured to display or otherwise communicate sensor information when sensor information is communicated from the analyzer sensor electronics module 12 (e.g., in a data packet sent to the respective display device) without any additional processing required for calibration and / or real-time display of sensor data.

[0043] Figure 1 The plurality of display devices 110, 120, 130, 140 depicted may include custom display devices (e.g., analyte display device 110) specifically designed to display certain types of displayable sensor information (e.g., numerical values ​​and / or arrows in some embodiments) associated with analyte data received from the analyte sensor electronics module 12. In some embodiments, one of the display devices 110, 120, 130, 140 includes a smartphone (such as a mobile phone) based on an Android, iOS, or other operating system and configured to display a graphical representation of continuous sensor data (e.g., including current and / or historical data).

[0044] like Figure 1As further shown and mentioned above, system 100 may also include a WAP 138, which can be used to couple one or more of the analyte sensor system 8, multiple display devices 110, 120, 130, 140, etc., server system 134, and partner device 136 to each other. For example, WAP 138 may provide WiFi and / or cellular or other wireless connectivity within system 100. Near Field Communication (NFC) may also be used in devices of system 100 for exchanging data and for performing specific functions, such as waking up devices or powering devices or causing devices (e.g., analyte sensor electronics module 12 and / or transmitters) to exit low-power mode or otherwise change state and / or enter operating mode. Server system 134 may be used, for example, to collect analyte data from analyte sensor system 8 and / or multiple display devices to perform analysis on the analyte data, generate general or personalized models of glucose levels and distributions, provide services or feedback, including services or feedback from individuals or systems remotely monitoring analyte data, etc.

[0045] By way of overview and example, partner device 136 may typically communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with analyte sensor system 8, including for authenticating partner device 136 and / or analyte sensor system 8, and for exchanging analyte data, drug data, other data, and / or control signaling, etc. In exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, partner device 136 may include a passive device. An example of partner device 136 may be an insulin pump for administering insulin to a user in response to and / or based on an analyte level measured / approximated by the analyte sensor system 8. For various reasons, such an insulin pump may be expected to receive and track data from analyte sensor system 8 (e.g., reference analyte sensor system 8). Figure 1 The glucose level sent. One exemplary reason for this is to provide the insulin pump with the ability to pause / activate / control insulin administration to the user based on whether the user's glucose level is below / above a threshold.

[0046] Now for reference Figure 2 The diagram depicts system 200. System 200 can be used in conjunction with embodiments that implement the disclosed systems, methods, apparatuses, and / or devices, including, for example, the combinations described above. Figure 1 The aspects described. Through examples, Figure 2 The various components described below can be used to provide wireless communication for analyte (e.g., glucose) data, for example, among / between the analyte sensor system 208, display device 210, buddy device 215, and / or one or more server systems 234, etc. In some cases, Figure 2 The analyte sensor system 208 illustrated in the example can be Figure 1 An example of the analyte sensor system 8 is shown. Additionally, in some cases, Figure 2 The display device 210 illustrated in the example can be Figure 1 Examples of display devices 110, 120, 130, and 140 are illustrated below. Additionally, in some cases, Figure 2 The partner device 215 illustrated in the example can be Figure 1 Example of partner device 136 shown in the example.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, system 200 may include an analyte sensor system 208, one or more display devices 210, and / or one or more partner devices 215. Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, system 200 includes a server system 234, which may further include a server 234a coupled to a processor 234c and a storage device 234b. The analyte sensor system 208 may be coupled to the display device 210, partner devices 215, and / or server system 234 via a communication medium 205. Details are provided below regarding the processing, collection, and exchange of data and / or the execution of actions (e.g., providing a drug or related instructions) by the analyte sensor system 208, partner devices 215, and / or display devices 210. In this document, display devices 210, partner devices 215, and server system 234 may be referred to as communication devices and may be configured to communicate with the analyte sensor system 208.

[0048] The analyte sensor system 208, display device 210, and / or partner device 215 can exchange messages (e.g., control signaling) via communication medium 205, and communication medium 205 can also be used to deliver analyte data to display device 210, partner device 215, and / or server system 234. As mentioned above, display device 210 may include various electronic computing devices, such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, wearable devices, etc. Display device 210 may also include analyte display device 110, which can be customized to display and transmit analyte data and related notifications, etc. Partner device 215 may include medical devices such as insulin pumps or pens, connected devices such as smart refrigerators or mirrors, key cards, and other devices.

[0049] In implementations, communication medium 205 may be implemented using one or more wireless communication protocols (such as, for example, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), ZigBee, WiFi, IEEE 802.11 protocol, infrared (IR), radio frequency (RF), 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, etc.) and / or wired protocols and media. It will also be understood during the study of this disclosure that the communication medium may be implemented as one or more communication links between components of system 200, including, in some cases, separate links, regardless of whether such links are... Figure 2The terms are explicitly shown or referenced herein. By way of illustration, the analyzer sensor system 208 can be coupled to the display device 210 via a first link through the communication medium 205 using BLE, while the analyzer sensor system 208 can be coupled to the server system 234 via a second link through the communication medium 205 using the WiFi communication protocol. In embodiments, the BLE signal can be temporarily attenuated to minimize data interception. For example, the attenuation of the BLE signal by hardware or firmware design can occur temporarily during data exchange (e.g., pairing).

[0050] In embodiments, the elements of system 200 may be used to perform the various processes described herein and / or to perform the various operations and / or features described herein with respect to one or more of the disclosed systems and / or methods. Upon studying this disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand that system 200 may include single or multiple analyte sensor systems 208, communication media 205, and / or server systems 234.

[0051] As mentioned, communication medium 205 can be used to connect or communicatively couple the analyte sensor system 208, display device 210, partner device 215, and / or server system 234 to each other or to a network. Communication medium 205 can be implemented in various forms. For example, communication medium 205 may include one or more of the following: Internet connectivity (such as a local area network (LAN), personal area network (PAN), wide area network (WAN), fiber optic network, powerline Internet, hard-wired connection (e.g., bus), DSL, etc.) or any other type of network connectivity or communication coupling. Communication medium 205 can be implemented using any combination of routers, cables, modems, switches, fiber optics, wires, radio (e.g., microwave / RF, AM, FM links, etc.). Upon reading this disclosure, those skilled in the art will recognize other ways in which communication medium 205 is implemented for communication purposes, and will also recognize that communication medium 205 can be used to implement the features of this disclosure using undeveloped communication protocols that can be deployed in the future.

[0052] Further reference Figure 2Server 234a may receive, collect, and / or monitor information from analyte sensor system 208, partner device 215, and / or display device 210, including analyte data, pharmaceutical data, and related information, such as input in response to analyte data or pharmaceutical data, or input received in conjunction with analyte monitoring applications running on analyte sensor system 208 or display device 210, or pharmaceutical delivery applications running on display device 210 or partner device 215. Thus, server 234a may receive, collect, and / or monitor information from partner device 215, such as, for example, information related to providing pharmaceuticals to users and / or information about the operation of one or more partner devices 215. Server 234a may also receive, collect, and / or monitor information about users of analyte sensor system 208, display device 210, and / or partner device 215.

[0053] In one implementation, server 234a may be adapted to receive such information via communication medium 205. This information may be stored in storage device 234b and processed by processor 234c. For example, processor 234c may include an analysis engine capable of performing analysis on information that server 234a has collected, received, etc., via communication medium 205. In another implementation, server 234a, storage device 234b, and / or processor 234c may be implemented as a distributed computing network, such as a Hadoop RTM network, or as a relational database. The aforementioned information can then be processed at server 234a to provide services to the analyte sensor system 208, display device 210, partner device 215, and / or their users. For example, such services may include diabetes management feedback for users.

[0054] Server 234a may include, for example, an internet server, router, desktop or laptop computer, smartphone, tablet computer, processor, module, etc., and may be implemented in various forms, including, for example, an integrated circuit or an assembly thereof, a printed circuit board or an assembly thereof, or may be implemented in discrete or multiple housings / packages / racks. In embodiments, server 234a at least partially directs communications conducted via communication medium 205. Such communications may include the delivery of analyte data, pharmaceutical data, and / or related messaging (e.g., advertisements, authentications, commands, or other messaging). For example, server 234a may process and exchange messages related to frequency bands, transmission timing, security / encryption, alarms, alerts, notifications, etc., between and / or among analyte sensor system 208, display device 210, and / or partner device 215. Server 234a may update information stored on analyte sensor system 208, partner device 215, and / or display device 210, for example, by delivering or updating applications to them, and / or by reconfiguring system parameters or other settings of analyte sensor system 208, partner device 215, and / or display device 210. Server 234a can transmit / receive information to / from analyte sensor system 208, partner device 215, and / or display device 210 in real time, periodically, occasionally, or on an event-driven basis. Furthermore, server 234a can enable cloud computing capabilities for analyte sensor system 208, partner device 215, and / or display device 210.

[0055] Based on the above description of aspects of the currently disclosed systems and methods for wireless communication of object data analysis, examples of some specific features of this disclosure will now be provided. Those skilled in the art will understand upon studying this disclosure that these features can be implemented using aspects and / or combinations of the exemplary configurations described above, regardless of whether the exemplary configurations are explicitly referenced.

[0056] Analyte data

[0057] Return to reference Figure 1 As mentioned above, in the implementation, the analyte sensor system 8 is provided for measuring analytes in a host or user. By way of overview and example, the analyte sensor system 8 can be implemented as a packaged microcontroller that performs sensor measurements, generates analyte data (e.g., by calculating values ​​of continuous glucose monitoring data), and participates in wireless communication (e.g., via Bluetooth and / or other wireless protocols) to transmit such data to remote devices (e.g., display devices 110, 120, 130, 140, partner device 136, and / or server system 134).

[0058] The analyte sensor system 8 may include: an analyte sensor 10 configured to measure the concentration or level of an analyte in a host; and an analyte sensor electronics module 12, typically physically connected to the analyte sensor 10 prior to its implantation in a user. In some cases, the analyte sensor 10 may be a single-analyte sensor or a multi-analyte sensor capable of measuring one or more analytes, such as glucose, lactate, potassium, etc. In embodiments, the analyte sensor electronics module 12 includes electronics configured to process a data stream associated with the analyte concentration measured by the analyte sensor 10 to generate sensor information, which includes, for example, raw sensor data, transformed sensor data, and / or any other sensor data. The analyte sensor electronics module 12 may be further configured to generate analyte sensor information tailored to the respective display devices 110, 120, 130, 140, partner device 136, and / or server system 134. The analyzer sensor electronics module 12 can be further configured to allow different devices to receive different sensor information, and can be further configured to wirelessly transmit sensor information to such display devices 110, 120, 130, 140, partner devices 136 and / or server systems 134.

[0059] As used herein, the term "analyte" is a broad term and will be given to those skilled in the art its common and conventional meaning (and not limited to its specific or custom-defined meaning), and further refers to (but not limited to) analytes or chemical components in biological fluids (e.g., blood, interstitial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, lymph, or urine) that can be analyzed. Analytes may include naturally occurring substances, artificial substances, metabolites, and / or reaction products. In some embodiments, the analyte used for measurement by a sensor head, device, and method is glucose. However, other analytes are also considered, including but not limited to: prothrombin; acylcarnitine; adenine phosphoribosyltransferase; adenosine deaminase; albumin; alpha-fetoprotein; amino acid profile (arginine (Krebs cycle), histidine / uric acid, homocysteine, phenylalanine / tyrosine, tryptophan); androstenedione; antipyrine; arabinitol enantiomers; arginase; benzoyl stigmine (cocaine); biotinylate; biopterin; C-reactive protein; carnitine; carnosine; CD4; ceruloplasmin; chenodeoxycholic acid; chloroquine; cholesterol; cholinesterase; conjugated 1 -Hydroxycholic acid; Cortisol; Creatine kinase; Creatine kinase MM isoenzyme; Cyclosporine A; d-Penicillamine; Deethylchloroquine; Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; DNA (acetyltransferase polymorphism, alcohol dehydrogenase, α1-antitrypsin, cystic fibrosis, Duchenne malnutrition / Becker's muscular dystrophy, analyte-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, hemoglobin A, hemoglobin S, hemoglobin C, hemoglobin D, hemoglobin E, hemoglobin F, D-Punjab, β-thalassemia, Hepatitis B virus, HCMV, HIV-1, HTLV-1, Leber hereditary optic nerve Pathogens, MCAD, RNA, PKU, Plasmodium vivax, sexual differentiation, 21-deoxycortisol); debutylhalogenated pan-group; dihydropteridine reductase; diphtheria / tetanus antitoxin; erythrocyte arginase; erythrocyte protoporphyrin; esterase D; fatty acid / acylglycine; free human chorionic gonadotropin; free erythrocyte porphyrin; free thyroxine (FT4); free triiodothyronine (FT3); fumarate acetylacetase; galactose / gal-1-phosphate; galactose-1-phosphate uridine dihydrogenase; gentamicin; analyte-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; glutathione Peptides; glutathione peroxidase; glycocholic acid; glycosylated hemoglobin; halogenated pantyltransferase; hemoglobin variants; hexosamine enzyme A; human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase I; 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone; hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase; immunoreactive trypsin; lactate; lead; lipoproteins ((a), B / A-1); lysozyme; mefloquine; netilmicin; phenobarbital; phenytoin; phytanoic acid / norphytanoic acid; progesterone; prolactin; prolinease; purine nucleoside phosphorylase; quinine; reverse triiodothyronine (rT3); selenium; serum pancreatic lipase; sisomicin; somatostatin C;Specific antibodies (adenovirus, antinuclear antibody, anti-ζ antibody, arbovirus, Orystigma virus, dengue virus, Gynecomastia mesenae, Echinococcus granulosus, Entamoeba histolytica, enterovirus, Giardia lamblia, Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis B virus, herpesvirus, HIV-1, IgE (atopic disease), influenza virus, Leishmania donovani, Leptospira, measles / mumps / rubella, Mycobacterium leprae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, myoglobin, Onchocerca salina, parainfluenza virus, Plasmodium falciparum, poliovirus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respiratory...) Respiratory syncytial virus, Rickettsia (scrub typhus), Schistosoma mansoni, Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum, Trypanosoma cruzi / Trekkella lancifolium, vesicular spirochete virus, Wucetella bancroftian, yellow fever virus; specific antigen (hepatitis B virus, HIV-1); succinylacetone; sulfadoxine; theophylline; thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH); thyroxine (T4); thyroxine-binding globulin; trace elements; transfer; UDP-galactose-4-epimerase; urea; uroporphyrinogen I synthase; vitamin A; leukocytes; and zinc protoporphyrin. In some embodiments, salts, sugars, proteins, fats, vitamins, and hormones naturally present in blood or interstitial fluid may also constitute analytes. Analytes may be naturally present in biological fluids, for example, metabolites, hormones, antigens, antibodies, etc. Alternatively, the analyte may be introduced into the body, such as contrast agents for imaging, radioactive isotopes, chemical reagents, synthetic blood based on fluorocarbons, or drugs or drug compositions, including but not limited to insulin; ethanol; cannabis (cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol, hemp); inhalants (nitrous oxide, amyl nitrite, butyl nitrite, chlorinated hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons); cocaine (cracked cocaine); stimulants (amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, Cylert, Preludin, Didrex, PreState, Voranil, Sandrex). Plegine; sedatives (barbiturates, methaqualone, tranquilizers such as diazepam, nitrazepam, methaqualone, senna, methylphenidate, potassium chlordiazepoxide); hallucinogens (phencyclidine, lysergic acid, mescaline, piodine, psilocybin); narcotics (heroin, codeine, morphine, opium, meperidine, percocet, percodan, tussionex, fentanyl, dalofop, analgesic, antidiarrheal); specialty drugs (fentanyl, meperidine, amphetamine, methamphetamine and analogues of phencyclidine, e.g., ecstasy); anabolic steroids; and nicotine. Metabolites of drugs and drug compositions are also envisioned analytes. It can also analyze analytes generated in the body, such as neurochemicals and other chemicals, including, for example, ascorbic acid, uric acid, dopamine, norepinephrine, 3-methoxytyramine (3MT), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), serotonin (5HT), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (FHIAA).

[0060] Analyte sensor system

[0061] As referenced above Figure 1 As described, in some embodiments, the analyte sensor 10 includes a continuous glucose sensor, such as a subcutaneous, transdermal (e.g., percutaneous), or intravascular device. In these embodiments, such a sensor or device can continuously measure and analyze glucose in interstitial fluid, blood samples, etc., depending on whether the device is subcutaneous, transdermal, or intravascular. The analyte sensor 10 can use any analyte measurement method, including, for example, glucose measurements, including enzymatic, chemical, physical, electrochemical, spectrophotometric, polarized, calorimetric, iontophoresis, radiation, immunochemical, etc.

[0062] In embodiments where the analyte sensor 10 is a glucose sensor, the analyte sensor 10 may use any method, including invasive, minimally invasive, and non-invasive sensing techniques (e.g., fluorescence monitoring), to provide a data stream indicating the concentration of glucose in the host. The data stream may be a raw data signal that can be converted into a calibrated and / or filtered data stream that can be used to provide a useful value of glucose to a user such as a patient or caregiver (e.g., a parent, relative, guardian, teacher, doctor, nurse, or any other individual interested in the health of the host).

[0063] A glucose sensor can be any device capable of measuring glucose concentration. An implantable glucose sensor can be used according to one exemplary embodiment described below. However, it should be understood that the devices and methods described herein are applicable to any device capable of detecting the concentration of an analyte (e.g., glucose) and providing an output signal representing the concentration of the analyte (again, glucose) (e.g., in the form of analyte data).

[0064] In one embodiment, the analyte sensor 10 is an implantable glucose sensor, as described with reference to U.S. Patent No. 6,001,067 and U.S. Patent Publication No. US-2005-0027463-A1. In another embodiment, the analyte sensor 10 is a percutaneous glucose sensor, as described with reference to U.S. Patent Publication No. US-2006-0020187-A1. In yet another embodiment, the analyte sensor 10 is configured to be implanted in a host blood vessel or implanted externally, as described in U.S. Patent Publication No. US-2007-0027385-A1, co-pending U.S. Patent Publication No. US-2008-0119703-A1 (filed October 4, 2006), U.S. Patent Publication No. US-2008-0108942-A1 (filed March 26, 2007), and U.S. Patent Application No. US-2007-0197890-A1 (filed February 14, 2007). In embodiments, the continuous glucose sensor includes a percutaneous sensor, such as that described, for example, in U.S. Patent 6,565,509 to Say et al. In embodiments, the analyte sensor 10 is a continuous glucose sensor, which includes a subcutaneous sensor, such as that described, for example, with reference to U.S. Patent 6,579,690 to Bonnecaze et al. or U.S. Patent 6,484,046 to Say et al. In embodiments, the continuous glucose sensor includes a refillable subcutaneous sensor, such as that described, for example, with reference to U.S. Patent 6,512,939 to Colvin et al. The continuous glucose sensor may include an intravascular sensor, such as that described, for example, with reference to U.S. Patent 6,477,395 to Schulman et al. The continuous glucose sensor may include an intravascular sensor, such as that described, for example, with reference to U.S. Patent 6,424,847 to Mastrototaro et al.

[0065] Figure 3A Examples of what can be combined with Figure 1 Analyte sensor system 8 and / or Figure 2 A perspective view of a skin sensor assembly 360 used in conjunction with the analyte sensor system 208. For example, the skin sensor assembly 360 may be or include the analyte sensor system 8 and / or the analyte sensor system 208. The skin sensor assembly 360 may include a housing having a first top portion 392 and a second bottom portion 394. In embodiments, the housing may include a clamshell design. The skin sensor assembly 360 may include, for example, components combined with the above. Figure 1The described analyte sensor electronics module 12 includes similar components such as a potentiostat, a power supply for providing power to the analyte sensor 10, a signal processing unit, a data storage unit, and a communication module (e.g., a telemetry module) for one-way or two-way data communication, a printed circuit board (PCB), an integrated circuit (IC), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a microcontroller, and / or a processor.

[0066] like Figure 3A As shown, the housing may be characterized by a generally elliptical shape. The housing may further include an aperture 396 disposed substantially through the central portion of the housing and adapted for insertion of the sensor 338 and a needle through the bottom of the on-skin sensor assembly 360. In embodiments, the aperture 396 may be a channel or an elongated slot. The on-skin sensor assembly 360 may further include an adhesive patch 326 configured to secure the on-skin sensor assembly 360 to the host skin. In embodiments, the adhesive patch 326 may include an adhesive suitable for skin adhesion, such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive (e.g., acrylic, rubber-based, or other suitable type) bonded to a carrier substrate (e.g., spunlace polyester, polyurethane film, or other suitable type) for skin adhesion, although any suitable type of adhesive is also contemplated. As shown, the adhesive patch 326 may be characterized by an aperture 398 aligned with the aperture 396, such that the sensor 338 can pass through the bottom of the on-skin sensor assembly 360 and through the adhesive patch 326.

[0067] Figure 3B It shows Figure 3A A 360° bottom perspective view of the sensor components on the skin. Figure 3B Further shown are holes 396 and 398, which are essentially located in the central portion of the bottom of the sensor assembly 360 on the skin, both of which are adapted for the insertion of the sensor 338 and the needle.

[0068] Figure 4 Examples Figure 3A and Figure 3B A 360° cross-sectional view of the sensor assembly on the skin. Figure 4 The diagram shows a first top portion 392 and a second bottom portion 394 of the housing, an adhesive patch 326, a hole 396 in the central portion of the sensor assembly 360 on the skin, a hole 398 in the central portion of the adhesive patch 326, and a sensor 338 passing through the hole 396. (Previously combined) Figure 3A The described electronic device unit may further include a circuit board 404 and a battery 402 configured to provide power to at least the circuit board 404.

[0069] Now go to Figure 5 A more detailed functional block diagram of the analyte sensor system 208 is provided (e.g., in conjunction with the above). Figure 1 and Figure 2 (As discussed above), the analyte sensor system 208 can be... Figure 1 An example of an analytical substance sensor system 8 is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the analyte sensor system 208 may include an analyte sensor 530 (e.g., it may be...). Figure 1 (An example of an analyte sensor 10 is shown), which is coupled to an analyte sensor measurement circuit 525 for processing and managing analyte data. The sensor measurement circuit 525 may be coupled to a processor / microcontroller 535. In some embodiments, the processor / microcontroller 535 may include one or more processors, and may be... Figure 1 This is part of the analyte sensor electronics module 12. In some embodiments, the processor / microcontroller 535 may perform some or all of the functions of the sensor measurement circuitry 525 to acquire and process analyte data (e.g., sensor measurements) from the analyte sensor 530. In some embodiments, the processed analyte data may be stored in a storage device 515 including one or more memories.

[0070] The processor / microcontroller 535 may be further coupled to the radio unit or transceiver 510 (e.g., it may be...). Figure 1 (Part of the analyzer sensor electronics module 12) for transmitting sensor and other data and from external devices, such as display device 310 (see by way of example). Figure 2 The transceiver 510 receives requests, commands, and other signaling. In some implementations, the transceiver 510 may include logic or circuitry for communicating using different communication protocols, such as Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), Near Field Communication (NFC), and other wireless communication protocols. In some embodiments, the transceiver 510 may be coupled to an antenna system 545 associated with the connectivity interface 505, thereby allowing the analyte sensor system 208 to wirelessly transmit and receive data. For example, the transceiver 510 may be configured to output data for wireless transmission via at least one antenna of the antenna system 545, or may be configured to receive data wirelessly via at least one antenna of the antenna system 545. In some implementations, the antenna system 545 may be tuned to a specific frequency depending on the communication protocol used to transmit data. For example, in some implementations, the antenna system 545 may include one or more antennas tuned for transmitting data via the BLE protocol (e.g., tuned to 2.4 GHz). In some implementations, the antenna system 545 may include one or more antennas tuned for transmitting data via the NFC protocol (e.g., tuned to 13.56 MHz).

[0071] In an example implementation, the analyte sensor system 208 uses the analyte sensor 530 to collect analyte data and uses a transceiver 510 and an antenna system 545 to transmit the analyte data or its derivatives to a display device 310, a partner device 315, and / or a server system 334. Data points about analyte values ​​can be collected and transmitted throughout the lifetime of the analyte sensor 530. New measurements and / or relevant information can be transmitted frequently enough so that remote devices / individuals can adequately monitor analyte (e.g., glucose) levels.

[0072] It should be understood that some details regarding the processing, collection, and exchange of data by the analyte sensor system 208, partner device 315, and / or display device 310 are provided elsewhere herein. Upon studying this disclosure, it will be understood that, at least for some embodiments herein, the analyte sensor system 208 may include information regarding… Figure 1 or Figure 2 Several similar components are described. Therefore, the details and uses of such similar components can be understood relative to the analyte sensor system 208, even if not referenced herein. Figure 5 Describe it clearly.

[0073] Various aspects related to the grid ground plane used in analyte sensor systems

[0074] Patients with diabetes can benefit from real-time diabetes management guidance determined based on their physiological status. In some cases, diagnostic systems such as analyte sensor systems (e.g., analyte sensor system 8 and / or analyte sensor system 208) are used to determine a patient's physiological status. In some embodiments, analyte sensor system 208 may be configured to measure analyte levels and notify the patient of the identification and / or prediction of adverse glycemic events, such as hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. Additionally, analyte sensor system 208 may be configured to help inform the patient of the type of guidance provided in response to these adverse glycemic events.

[0075] For example, Figure 5The analyte sensor system 208 can be worn by a patient and configured to continuously measure the patient's analyte levels over time using a continuous analyte sensor (such as analyte sensor 530). The measured analyte levels can then be processed by the analyte sensor system 208 (e.g., by a processor / microcontroller 535) to identify and / or predict adverse events, and / or provide the patient with guidance on treatment and / or actions to mitigate or prevent such adverse events. The analyte data indicating the patient's analyte levels can then be output to a transceiver 510 of the analyte sensor system 208 for wireless transmission to a communication device via an antenna system 545. In some embodiments, this information can be wirelessly transmitted using a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication link and antenna included in the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, the communication device can be related to... Figure 2 At least one of the illustrated and described display device 210, partner device 215, or server system 234.

[0076] In some embodiments, the antenna system 545 of the analyte sensor system 208 may have a specific radiation pattern. This radiation pattern may represent the relative power radiated by the antenna as it varies with spatial directions away from the antenna. The radiation pattern of the antenna system 545 may be determined based on the physical characteristics (such as size, shape, and orientation) of one or more antennas of the antenna system 545 and the operating frequency. Power may be radiated by one or more antennas of the antenna system 545 in multiple lobes or regions of the radiation pattern defined by points of equal radiant intensity or power.

[0077] Figure 6 An example radiation pattern 600 of one or more antennas of antenna system 545 is illustrated. As shown, radiation pattern 600 includes a main lobe 602, multiple side lobes 604, and a back lobe 606. As shown, the main lobe 602 of radiation pattern 600 represents the spatial direction of maximum radiated intensity or power. In other words, the main lobe 602 is the region where most of the radiated energy of the radiation pattern is concentrated. The main lobe 602 is generally considered the most important part of the radiation pattern because it determines the spatial direction of maximum signal strength and is the spatial direction in which the antenna is pointing. Conversely, the multiple side lobes 604 are regions of the radiation pattern where the radiated intensity is lower than that of the main lobe 602. Multiple side lobes 604 may appear when one or more antennas of antenna system 545 radiate power in a spatial direction other than the intended spatial direction. As shown, multiple side lobes 604 may appear on either side of the main lobe 602. Similarly, the back lobe 606 is a type of side lobe that consists of a region of the radiation pattern directly opposite the main lobe 602. Multiple sidelobes 604 and back lobes 606 are undesirable because they have the potential to cause interference and reduce the overall efficiency of one or more antennas in the antenna system 545, because power is radiated in undesirable or useless spatial directions.

[0078] In some cases, current analyte sensor systems may have a thickness of approximately 7 millimeters (mm), allowing one or more antennas of these systems to be located at a distance of approximately 5.5 mm from the user's or patient's body due to certain design constraints. However, there is a persistent competitive drive to miniaturize these analyte sensor systems, for example, to provide users with better comfort, discreet use, and / or ease of use. Therefore, next-generation analyte sensor systems may be designed to have a thickness less than half that of current analyte sensor systems. For example, these next-generation analyte sensor systems would have a thickness of approximately 2.9 mm, thereby reducing the distance between one or more antennas of these analyte sensor systems and the user's body to approximately 2.2 mm. Furthermore, these next-generation analyte sensor systems are expected to have a longer communication range than current analyte sensor systems. For example, current analyte sensor systems may support a communication range of approximately 20 feet, while next-generation analyte sensor systems are expected to support a range of 30 feet or greater. In some ideal scenarios, a larger power source (e.g., a larger battery) can provide higher power communication (with a longer communication range); however, such implementations may be prohibitive as next-generation analyte sensor systems become miniaturized.

[0079] The miniaturization of next-generation analyte sensor systems, and the resulting reduction in the distance between one or more antennas and the user's body, may pose challenges in achieving the anticipated increased communication range. Furthermore, the reduced distance between one or more antennas and the user's body can also lead to bandwidth-related issues associated with the sensor antennas. For example, when one or more antennas are positioned closer to the user's body, power radiated from the back lobes of one or more antennas may be absorbed by the user's body, resulting in changes in input impedance, frequency shift, and reduced efficiency and gain of one or more antennas. Therefore, due to the miniaturization of next-generation analyte sensor systems, the user's body may negatively impact the radiation pattern of one or more antennas of these analyte sensor systems, leading to reduced communication range between these analyte sensor systems and associated communication devices, and resulting in a poor user experience.

[0080] In some cases, one way to mitigate the negative impacts associated with miniaturization and antennas positioned closer to the user's body is to use larger antennas. For example, for some portable computing devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, and laptops), the size of the device allows for the use of half-wave antennas for wireless communication, which improves antenna gain, antenna efficiency, frequency response, transmission range, and so on. However, the size of next-generation analyte sensor systems may not allow them to be equipped with large antennas (e.g., half-wave antennas or larger). Instead, the size of these analyte sensor systems may only allow for the use of quarter-wave antennas or smaller, which may have lower antenna gain and lower antenna performance, and therefore may not be able to transmit as far as larger antennas. In some cases, instead of using larger antennas, the radiation pattern of smaller quarter-wave antennas can be designed to be directional, allowing radiated power to be concentrated in a specific spatial direction (e.g., a radiation pattern with a main lobe concentrated in a single direction), and improving the antenna gain and / or performance of the quarter-wave antenna.

[0081] However, while directivity can improve antenna gain and / or performance, it can also introduce additional problems. For example, in some cases, the user of an analyte sensor system may move continuously throughout the day. These changes in user (and analyte sensor system) can alter the orientation of the analyte sensor system's antenna radiation pattern (e.g., specifically, the main lobe) relative to the communication device, leading to misalignment between the analyte sensor system and the communication device. In some cases, these changes in positioning and misalignment between the analyte sensor system and the communication device can further lead to obstacles being positioned between the sensor system's antenna and the communication device, such as the user's body, another person, a wall, etc. Furthermore, misalignment and obstacles between the analyte sensor system and the communication device can cause communication performance degradation (e.g., reduced throughput, increased latency, reduced transmission range, and / or loss of communication links). In addition to changes in user position, the analyte sensor system can also be placed in various different locations on the user's body (e.g., arm, torso, leg), each of which can be associated with different antenna efficiencies and / or frequency responses, resulting in similar problems of communication performance degradation over time.

[0082] Therefore, aspects of this disclosure provide techniques for improving the antenna performance of next-generation analyte sensing systems, such as analyte sensor systems designed to have a small distance (e.g., below a threshold, such as approximately 5 mm) between one or more antennas included therein and the user's body. In some embodiments, these techniques may involve the use of a conductive grid ground plane disposed between the user's body and one or more antennas of the analyte sensor system. An example of this grid ground plane is... Figure 7 Examples and descriptions are provided. Regarding... Figures 8 to 12 Additional implementation schemes are illustrated and described.

[0083] Example analysis of object sensor system and grid ground plane

[0084] Figure 7 A side view of an analyte sensor system 700, including a grid ground plane 720, is illustrated. The analyte sensor system 700 can be... Figure 1 Analyte sensor system and / or Figure 2 and Figure 5 An example of an analyte sensor system 208 is shown. As illustrated, the analyte sensor system 700 includes a waterproof housing 702 that can be adhered to the body of a user 704 using an adhesive patch 706. The waterproof housing 702 may house one or more components of the analyte sensor system 700, including a printed circuit board (PCB) 708, a processor / microcontroller 710 (e.g., including one or more processors), a transceiver 712 coupled to one or more antennas 714, a storage device 716 (e.g., including one or more memories), a battery 717, and an analyte sensor 718. In some embodiments, the battery 717 may be configured to power one or more components of the analyte sensor system 700. In some embodiments, one or more antennas 714 may include a first conductive portion of the antenna system of the analyte sensor system 700. The first conductive portion may include a radiating element configured to wirelessly transmit analyte data of the user 704.

[0085] In some implementations, PCB 708 may include circuitry for operatively connecting processor / microcontroller 710, transceiver 712, one or more antennas 714, storage device 716, and analyte sensor 718. In some cases, processor / microcontroller 710 may be related to... Figure 5 The example described for the processor / microcontroller 535, the transceiver 712 may be related to... Figure 5 The transceiver 510 described is an example where one or more antennas 714 may be related to... Figure 5 Examples of one or more antennas in the described antenna system 545, the storage device 716 may be related to Figure 5 The described storage device 515 is an example, and the analyzer sensor 718 may be related to... Figure 5 An example of the analyte sensor 530 described.

[0086] As noted above, the analyte sensor system 700 includes a sensor measurement circuit (e.g., Figure 5The analyte sensor 718, illustrated in the sensor measurement circuit 525, is coupled to the analyte sensor 700. This analyte sensor is configured to generate analyte data associated with the user's analyte level within the analyte sensor system 700 and to provide the analyte data to the processor / microcontroller 710. In some embodiments, the processor / microcontroller 710 may be configured to process the analyte data and provide the processed analyte data to a transceiver 712 for transmission. For example, in some embodiments, after receiving analyte data from the processor / microcontroller 710, the transceiver 712 may output the analyte data to its antenna feed to wirelessly transmit it to a communication device via one or more antennas 714 using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) or another wireless communication technology.

[0087] In some implementations, the communication device may be a display device for displaying analyte data to the user 704. In some cases, the communication device may be related to... Figure 2 Examples of one or more of the display device 210, partner device 215, and / or server system 234 are illustrated and described. In some embodiments, the communication device may include a second antenna system comprising one or more antennas configured to receive analyte data from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system 700. As noted above, the communication device may be configured to display the analyte data received from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system 700 to user 704. In some embodiments, one or more antennas 714 may be configured to transmit raw sensor data from the analyte sensor 718 to the communication device. In such cases, the communication device may be configured to process the raw sensor data to obtain the analyte level for user 704 and display the analyte level to user 704.

[0088] Additionally, as shown in the figure, Figure 7 The analyte sensor system 700 shown includes a grid ground plane 720. The grid ground plane 720 may include a second conductive portion of the antenna system of the analyte sensor system 700 and may be configured to improve the communication range and overall efficiency of one or more antennas 714 when transmitting analyte data or other transmissions to a communication device. For example, to improve the communication range and overall efficiency of one or more antennas 714, the second conductive portion of the grid ground plane 720 may include a reflective element configured to reflect a first portion 722 (e.g., 80%) of the radio frequency (RF) power 724 radiated in the back lobe 726 or side lobe of the radiation pattern of one or more antennas 714 to the main lobe 728 of one or more antennas 714, as shown in 730, while still allowing a second portion 732 of the radiated RF power 724 radiated in the back lobe 726 or side lobe of one or more antennas 714 to be absorbed by the body of the user 704.

[0089] For example, the grid ground plane 720 may include a plurality of holes 734 (or openings) that allow a second portion 732 of the radiated RF power 724 to pass through the grid ground plane 720 and be absorbed by the body of the user 704, while also reflecting a first portion 722 of the radiated RF power 724 to the main lobe 728 of one or more antennas 714. In some embodiments, the plurality of holes 734 may not include cutouts or openings within the grid ground plane 720 required for mounting or securing the grid ground plane 720 within the housing 702 of the analyte sensor system 700 or for accommodating other components of the analyte sensor system 700 within the housing 702. Instead, in some embodiments, the plurality of holes 734 may be distributed uniformly or periodically across the grid ground plane 720 to form a grid or mesh structure.

[0090] In some implementations, when one or more antennas 714 are positioned close to the body of the user 704 (e.g., with a displacement of less than or equal to 2.9 mm), the grid ground plane 720 helps address the issue of body-level degradation of the radiated RF power of the one or more antennas 714. For example, by reflecting a first portion 722 of the radiated RF power 724 of the back lobe 726 of one or more antennas 714 to the main lobe 728 of one or more antennas 714, the radiated RF power of the main lobe 728 can be increased, thereby increasing the gain and communication range of the one or more antennas 714. In another example, reflecting the first portion 722 of the radiated RF power 724 to the main lobe 728 of one or more antennas 714 allows the one or more antennas 714 to have a communication range of 30 feet or more, while still allowing for the miniaturization of the analyte sensor system 700 discussed above. Additionally, by allowing a second portion 732 of the radiated RF power 724 to be absorbed by the body of the user 704, the bandwidth of one or more antennas 714 can be improved and / or maintained within a certain communication range due to the permitted absorption of interfering sidelobes. In some implementations, a communication range may include Bluetooth communication range (e.g., 2.4 GHz), WiFi communication range, cellular communication range (e.g., for 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G and / or later-generation communications), and / or other communication ranges associated with other wireless standards. It should be understood that multiple apertures 734 can be tuned or adjusted to provide maximum bandwidth, efficiency, and gain for one or more antennas 714.

[0091] For example, without the grid ground plane 720, the analyte sensor system 700 might expect an output power of approximately -18 dBm to -16 dBm due to efficiency degradation of one or more antennas 714 caused by absorption of antenna radiation from the user's body. This output power is very poor and results in a communication range of only about 18 to 20 feet. Conversely, when the grid ground plane 720 is included in the analyte sensor system 700, a power gain of approximately 6 dBm is achieved, resulting in an output power of approximately -12 dBm to -10 dBm. This increased output power allows the communication range of the analyte sensor system 700 to be increased to 30 to 45 feet or greater.

[0092] In some embodiments, the grid ground plane 720 may be made of a conductive material including a plurality of openings or holes (e.g., a plurality of holes 734) arranged across the conductive material. In some embodiments, the conductive material may include at least one of steel, stainless steel, galvanized steel, aluminum, copper, titanium, silver, gold, or any other conductive material. In some cases, the grid ground plane may be coated with a protective covering to prevent corrosion or degradation of the conductive material. In some embodiments, the grid ground plane 720 may include an arrangement of interlocking conductive links or segments having various holes or openings arranged through it. In some embodiments, the grid ground plane 720 may be made of a plurality of conductive filaments woven together into a mesh pattern including a plurality of holes or openings arranged through it. In some cases, the grid ground plane 720 may be made of a flexible conductive material (such as a flexible graphite film) that may be implemented on various surfaces of the analyte sensor system 700 (e.g., flat, curved, circular, etc.). Graphite films may have a density up to 5 times lower than copper films and can be used for antenna design or grounding purposes. In addition, flexible graphite films can have excellent structural stability and mechanical flexibility.

[0093] In some implementations, the arrangement, size, and / or shape of the plurality of apertures 734 in the grid ground plane 720 can be configured to tune the bandwidth and reflection response achieved by the grid ground plane 720 to the operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard. For example, as the size of the plurality of apertures increases, the bandwidth of one or more antennas 714 can increase. Conversely, as the size of the plurality of apertures decreases, the bandwidth of one or more antennas 714 can decrease. For example, a solid ground plane (e.g., a ground plane without apertures) can result in one or more antennas 714 having a very narrow bandwidth.

[0094] In some examples, the grid ground plane 720 may be designed to achieve a specific and / or preferred antenna bandwidth (≥80MHz) depending on the arrangement, size, and / or shape of the plurality of apertures 734. In some examples, this specific antenna bandwidth may include bandwidth compatible with a specific wireless communication standard (such as Bluetooth, 3GPP, IEEE 802.11, etc.). For example, the plurality of apertures 734 may each individually have a width or diameter of about 0.5mm to 1mm and / or have a collective density that ensures that the bandwidth of one or more antennas 714 of the analyte sensor system 700 is greater than or equal to 80MHz consistent with the Bluetooth wireless standard or the operating frequency of one or more antennas 714. In some examples, the grid ground plane 720 may be designed to resonate and / or reflect radiation at a specific operating frequency (or frequency range). In some cases, operating frequencies may include industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands, such as 2.4 GHz for Bluetooth communications, frequencies or frequency ranges for WiFi communications, frequencies or frequency ranges for cellular communications (e.g., 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, and / or later), and / or other frequency ranges for communications based on other wireless standards.

[0095] In some aspects, the grid ground plane 720 may include one or more grid portions and / or one or more sheet or plate portions. In other words, the grid ground plane 720 may be partially formed of a conductive grid and partially formed of a solid sheet or plate. The conductive grid of the grid ground plane 720 may cover a portion of a particular side of the analyte sensor system 700 (e.g., a portion of the bottom surface of the analyte sensor system 700) or the entire surface (e.g., the entire bottom surface of the analyte sensor system 700). In some cases, the conductive grid may cover at least 50% of the bottom surface of the analyte sensor system 700, including a portion of the bottom surface below one or more antennas 714.

[0096] In some aspects, one or more antennas 714 of the analyte sensor system 700 may be embedded in a sensor socket. In such aspects, the sensor lead of the analyte sensor 718 (e.g., responsible for performing the user's analyte measurements) may be tuned with one or more antennas 714. Tuning the sensor lead of the analyte sensor 718 with one or more antennas 714 allows the analyte sensor system 700 to detect a certain state of the sensor lead. For example, if the sensor lead is not properly placed in the device (e.g., due to a missing sensor lead) or is damaged, the antenna response of one or more antennas 714 may be skewed, thereby allowing the analyte sensor system 700 to detect a damaged or missing sensor lead. Additionally, the antenna response of one or more antennas 714 may indicate a specific state associated with the sensor lead, such as the sensor lead operating as expected, the sensor lead being broken, damaged, or missing. Such states associated with the sensor lead may be detected based on signal strength, signal quality, etc. For example, a decrease in the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) associated with one or more antennas 714 may indicate a broken or damaged sensor lead.

[0097] The grid ground plane 720 can be implemented in the analyte sensor system 700 in various ways, which are discussed below. Figures 8 to 12 To describe in more detail. For example, Figure 8 An example embodiment is illustrated in which the grid ground plane 720 is disposed on the exterior of the housing 702 and incorporated into the adhesive patch 706 of the analyte sensor system 700. In some aspects, the adhesive patch 706 may be attached to the exterior of the housing 702 of the analyte sensor system 700.

[0098] More specifically, for example, Figure 8 A bottom view 802 and a cross-sectional view 804 of the analyte sensor system 700 are illustrated. As shown, a grid ground plane 720 may be incorporated into an adhesive patch 706 located between the body of the user 704 and one or more antennas 714 of the analyte sensor system 700. As noted above, the grid ground plane 720 allows RF radiation emitted from one or more antennas 714 to be reflected away from the body of the user 704, as shown in 806. As discussed above, this reflection of RF radiation by the grid ground plane 720 may enhance the main lobe of one or more antennas 714 (e.g., Figure 7 The power of the main lobe 728 (illustrated in the example) leads to an improvement in the transmission / communication range of one or more antennas 714 of the analyte sensor system 700, and allows for a reduction in the size of the analyte sensor system 700 without the negative impacts discussed above. As discussed above, in Figure 8In the example, the grid ground plane 720 is illustrated as being incorporated into the adhesive patch 706 of the analyte sensor system 700. In some embodiments, for example, the grid ground plane 720 may be woven into the fabric of the adhesive patch 706, or may be laminated between different layers of the adhesive patch 706. In some embodiments, the grid ground plane 720 may be arranged between the adhesive patch 706 and the housing 702 of the analyte sensor system 700.

[0099] In some implementations, the grid ground plane 720 can be electrically coupled to the PCB 708 of the analyte sensor system via conductive contact 808. For example, by electrically coupling the grid ground plane 720 to the PCB 708, the grid ground plane 720 can be used as a ground, allowing energy to travel through the ground and radiate away from the body of the user 704. In some cases, if the grid ground plane 720 is not electrically coupled to the PCB 708, this could lead to scenarios involving "floating" grounding, which could reduce the efficiency associated with one or more antennas 714. In some cases, the conductive contact 808 can be a fine trace, wire, conductive pad, etc.

[0100] Additionally, the grid ground plane 720 may also be electrically coupled to the body of the user 704. In some embodiments, the grid ground plane 720 may be electrically coupled to the body of the user 704 through direct contact (e.g., the grid ground plane is located directly on the body of the user 704). For example, the grid ground plane 720 may be disposed on the surface of an adhesive patch 706 configured to be attached to the body of the user 704. In other embodiments, the grid ground plane 720 may not be in direct contact with the body of the user 704, but may be covered in the adhesive (e.g., glue) of the adhesive patch 706 and coupled to the body of the user 704 through (relatively small) conductive contacts 810 included in the adhesive patch 706. In some embodiments, the conductive contacts 808 and 810 may be or may include, for example, conductive glue, conductive sponge, and / or conductive materials (e.g., gold or copper).

[0101] The analyzer sensor system 700 may include any of a variety of antenna architectures. For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, one or more antennas 714 of the analyte sensor system 700 may include L-shaped antennas, which may be inverted L-shaped. In other embodiments, such as Figure 9As shown, one or more antennas 714 of the analyte sensor system 700 may include a J-shaped antenna or a partially helical antenna. In other embodiments, one or more antennas 714 of the analyte sensor system 700 may include a patch antenna, a slot antenna, a helical antenna, an inverted F-shaped antenna (e.g., including a planar inverted F-shaped antenna (PIFA) and / or a zigzag inverted F-shaped antenna (MIFA)), an inverted L-shaped antenna, a quarter-wave monopole antenna, etc.

[0102] Figure 10 Another embodiment is illustrated in which the grid ground plane 720 is arranged inside the housing of the analyte sensor system 700. For example, Figure 10 An example is shown of the housing of the analyte sensor system 700 (e.g., Figure 7 Isometric view 1002 of the bottom portion 1006 of the waterproof housing 702 (illustrated in the image) and exploded cross-sectional view 1004 of the analyte sensor system 700. (See also:) Figure 10 As shown, a grid ground plane 720 is disposed between the bottom portion 1006 of the housing of the analyte sensor system 700 and the PCB 708 of the analyte sensor system 700. Furthermore, as shown, one or more antennas 714 of the analyte sensor system 700 may be disposed on the top side of the PCB 708. In some embodiments, one or more antennas 714 may be disposed on the bottom side of the PCB 708, between the PCB 708 and the grid ground plane 720. As shown, a conductive contact 1010 electrically couples the grid ground plane 720 to the PCB 708. Additionally, as shown, a conductive contact 1012 may be coupled between the grid ground plane 720 and the ground contact of the battery 717.

[0103] Figure 11 Another embodiment in which the grid ground plane 720 is integrated into the PCB 708 of the analyte sensor system 700 is illustrated. For example, Figure 11 A bottom view 1102 of PCB 708 and an exploded cross-sectional view 1104 of analyte sensor system 700 are depicted. As shown in bottom view 1102, a grid ground plane 720 may be printed and / or formed on and / or in PCB 708. In some cases, as shown in exploded cross-sectional view 1104, the grid ground plane 720 may be printed on the bottom side of PCB 708, and one or more antennas 714 of analyte sensor system 700 may be located on the top side of PCB 708. In some cases, to provide sufficient gain, when the grid ground plane 720 is printed on the bottom side of PCB 708, one or more antennas 714 may include helical antennas.

[0104] Figure 12Another embodiment in which the analyte sensor system 700 includes multiple conductive mesh planes is illustrated, each of which can be individually used to extend the communication / transmission range of the analyte sensor system 700. For example, Figure 12 A top view 1202, a side view 1204, and a perspective view 1206 of the analyte sensor system 700 are depicted. As shown, the analyte sensor system 700 includes a first conductive grid ground plane 1208, which is arranged in a manner similar to... Figure 7 , Figure 8 and / or Figure 9 The grid ground plane 720 is illustrated in the figure. Similar to the grid ground plane described above, the first conductive grid ground plane 1208 can be used as an RF radiation reflector. Furthermore, as shown, the analyte sensor system 700 includes a second conductive grid plane 1210 disposed on the top of the housing 702 of the analyte sensor system 700. Additionally, as shown in the figure, Figure 12 One or more antennas 714 in the embodiment shown may include slot antennas. In this case, the second conductive mesh plane 1210 may include a cutout 1212 for the slot antenna. Furthermore, the second conductive mesh plane 1210 may be electrically coupled to one or more antennas 714 (e.g., slot antennas) and may be used as a supplementary antenna or effectively as an extension of one or more antennas 714 to assist the one or more antennas 714 in transmitting analyte data or other information. In other words, due to its electrical coupling to one or more antennas 714, the second conductive mesh plane 1210 may act as a radiator capable of transmitting information and extending the communication / transmission range of the analyte sensor system 700.

[0105] While the techniques presented above provide a grid-grounded plane for improving antenna performance in next-generation analyte sensing systems, it should be understood that other types of reflective planes may be used. For example, one or more of the following may be used: (1) a metallic surface that allows a first portion of the radio frequency emitted by one or more antennas 714 to be reflected and transmitted, and a second portion of the radio frequency to be absorbed by the body of user 704; (2) a metallic surface that reflects all the radio frequencies emitted by one or more antennas 714; (3) a plastic surface coated with sputtered, screened, or printed metal in various patterns; or (4) a printed, stamped, chemically etched, or laser-perforated metal layer in various patterns.

[0106] Example Operation

[0107] Figure 13 A method 1300 for wireless communication by an analyte sensor system, such as regarding..., is shown. Figure 18. Description and description of the analytical material sensor system. Figure 2 and Figure 5 The analyte sensor system 208 described and illustrated and / or about Figures 7 to 12 Analytical sensor system 700, which is described and depicted.

[0108] Method 1300 begins at 1302, wherein the analyte sensor system generates analyte data that is correlated with the analyte level of the user of the analyte sensor system.

[0109] At 1304, the analyte sensor system uses the first conductive portion of the antenna system of the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data to a communication device for display to the user; and

[0110] At 1306, the analyte sensor system uses a second conductive portion of the antenna system to reflect a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion that is associated with the transmission of at least analyte data away from the user's body.

[0111] In some implementations, the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0112] In some implementations, the second conductive portion is included in the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

[0113] In some embodiments, the first conductive portion includes a radiating element. In some embodiments, the second conductive portion includes a reflective element.

[0114] In some implementations, the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board, and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

[0115] In some implementations, the second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0116] In some implementations, the second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch attached to the exterior of the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0117] In some implementations, the second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0118] In some implementations, the second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of an adhesive patch configured to be attached to the user's body.

[0119] In some embodiments, method 1300 further includes using a conductive mesh plane to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting analyte data. In some embodiments, the conductive mesh plane is disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, the second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, the conductive mesh plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion.

[0120] In some implementations, the analyte sensor system includes one or more conductive contacts configured to perform at least one of the following operations: electrically connecting a second conductive portion to a user's body; or electrically connecting a second conductive portion to a circuit board of the analyte sensor system.

[0121] In some implementations, the second conductive portion includes multiple holes.

[0122] In some implementations, the size or density of the multiple holes is configured to tune the second conductive portion to the operating frequency defined in the wireless communication standard.

[0123] In some implementations, the operating frequencies include the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band.

[0124] In some implementations, the size or density of the multiple apertures is configured to allow the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater.

[0125] In some embodiments, transmitting analyte data at 1304 using the first conductive portion includes transmitting analyte data using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). In some embodiments, the communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to a user.

[0126] In some embodiments, the first conductive portion includes one or more antennas. In some embodiments, the second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

[0127] Figure 14 An example is illustrated of a method for communication between a communication device and an analyte sensor system in an analyte monitoring system. In some embodiments, the analyte sensor system may be related to... Figure 1 8. Description and description of the analytical material sensor system. Figure 2 and Figure 5 The analyte sensor system 208 described and illustrated and / or about Figures 7 to 12 An example of an analytical material sensor system 700 is depicted and described. In some embodiments, the communication device may be related to... Figure 1 The depicted and described display devices 110, 120, 130 and 140, partner device 136 and / or server system 134 and / or related information Figure 2Examples of display devices 210, partner devices 215, or server systems 234 that are depicted and described.

[0128] Method 1400 begins at 1402, where the analyte sensor system generates analyte data that is correlated with the analyte level of the user of the analyte sensor system.

[0129] At 1404, the analyte sensor system uses the first conductive portion of the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data to a communication device for display to the user.

[0130] At 1406, the analyte sensor system uses a second conductive portion of the first antenna system to reflect a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion that is associated with the transmission of at least analyte data away from the user's body.

[0131] At point 1408, the communication equipment uses the second antenna system of the communication equipment to receive analyte data from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system.

[0132] At 1410, the communication device displays to the user the analyte data received from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system.

[0133] In some embodiments, the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, the second conductive portion is included within the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

[0134] In some implementations, the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board, and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

[0135] In some embodiments, the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, the second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, the second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch attached to the outside of the housing of the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, the second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, the second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of an adhesive patch configured to attach to a user's body.

[0136] In some embodiments, the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, the analyte sensor system further includes a conductive mesh plane disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, the second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system. In some embodiments, the conductive mesh plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion and configured to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting analyte data.

[0137] In some embodiments, the second conductive portion includes a plurality of holes. In some embodiments, the size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to allow the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater. In some embodiments, the size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to tune the second conductive portion to an operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard, and the operating frequency includes the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band.

[0138] In some embodiments, transmitting analyte data at 1404 using the first conductive portion includes transmitting analyte data using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). In some embodiments, the communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to a user.

[0139] In some embodiments, the first conductive portion includes one or more antennas. In some embodiments, the second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

[0140] Example health monitoring device

[0141] Figure 15 Various aspects of an example health monitoring device 1500 are depicted. In some aspects, the health monitoring device 1500 is an analyte sensor system, such as regarding... Figure 1 8. Analyte sensor system described Figure 2 and Figure 5 Analyte sensor system 208 and / or Figures 7 to 12 The analyte sensor system 700.

[0142] The health monitoring device 1500 includes a processing system 1505 coupled to a transceiver 1555 (e.g., a transmitter and / or receiver). The transceiver 1555 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the health monitoring device 1500, such as the various signals and messages described herein, via a first antenna system 1560. The processing system 1505 may be configured to perform processing functions for the health monitoring device 1500, including processing signals received and / or to be transmitted by the health monitoring device 1500.

[0143] Processing system 1505 includes one or more processors 1510. In various respects, the one or more processors 1510 may represent a processor / microcontroller 535, as described in [reference to...]. Figure 5 As described. One or more processors 1510 are coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1530 via a bus 1550. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1530 may represent a storage device 515, as described above. Figure 2 As described. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1530 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by one or more processors 1510, cause one or more processors 1510 to perform actions regarding Figure 13 and Figure 14 The methods 1300 and / or 1400 described, or any aspect thereof, are applicable. It should be noted that references to processors performing the functions of the health monitoring device 1500 may include one or more processors 1510 performing those functions of the health monitoring device 1500.

[0144] In the depicted example, computer-readable medium / memory 1530 stores code (e.g., executable instructions), such as code 1535 for generation, code 1536 for transmission, code 1537 for use, and code 1538 for reception. Processing the code 1535 for generation, the code 1536 for transmission, the code 1537 for use, and the code 1538 for reception enables the health monitoring device 1500 to perform actions related to... Figure 13 and Figure 14 Methods 1300 and / or 1400 described or any aspect related to these methods.

[0145] One or more processors 1510 include circuitry configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in computer-readable medium / memory 1530, including circuitry 1515 for generation, circuitry 1516 for transmission, circuitry 1517 for use, and circuitry 1518 for reception. Processing using the circuitry 1515 for generation, the circuitry 1516 for transmission, the circuitry 1517 for use, and the circuitry 1518 for reception enables the health monitoring device 1500 to perform actions related to… Figure 13 and Figure 14 Methods 1300 and / or 1400 described or any aspect related to these methods.

[0146] Figure 16 Various aspects of the example health monitoring device 1600 are described. In some aspects, the health monitoring device 1600 is a communication device, such as regarding... Figure 1The depicted and described display devices 110, 120, 130 and 140, partner device 136 and / or server system 134 and / or related information Figure 2 The display device 210, partner device 215, or server system 234 described and illustrated.

[0147] The health monitoring device 1600 includes a processing system 1605 coupled to a transceiver 1655 (e.g., a transmitter and / or receiver). The transceiver 1655 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the health monitoring device 1600, such as the various signals and messages described herein, via a second antenna system 1660. The processing system 1605 may be configured to perform processing functions for the health monitoring device 1600, including processing signals received and / or to be transmitted by the health monitoring device 1600.

[0148] Processing system 1605 includes one or more processors 1610. The one or more processors 1610 are coupled to computer-readable medium / memory 1630 via bus 1650. In some aspects, computer-readable medium / memory 1630 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by the one or more processors 1610, cause the one or more processors 1610 to perform actions related to… Figure 14 The method 1400 described or any aspect thereof. It should be noted that references to processors performing the functions of the health monitoring device 1600 may include one or more processors 1610 performing those functions of the health monitoring device 1600.

[0149] In the depicted example, computer-readable medium / memory 1630 stores code (e.g., executable instructions), such as code 1635 for receiving and code 1636 for displaying. Processing the code 1635 for receiving and the code 1636 for displaying enables the health monitoring device 1600 to perform actions related to... Figure 14 The method described is 1400 or any aspect related to that method.

[0150] One or more processors 1610 include circuitry configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in computer-readable medium / memory 1630, including circuitry 1615 for receiving and circuitry 1616 for display. Processing using the circuitry 1615 for receiving and the circuitry 1616 for display enables the health monitoring device 1600 to perform operations related to... Figure 14 The method described is 1400 or any aspect related to that method.

[0151] Example Terms

[0152] Specific implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0153] Clause 1: An analyte sensor system comprising: an analyte sensor configured to generate analyte data associated with an analyte level of a user of the analyte sensor system; a first conductive portion configured to transmit the analyte data to a communication device; a circuit board configured to operatively connect the analyte sensor to the first conductive portion; and a second conductive portion configured to reflect a portion of power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with the transmission of at least the analyte data away from the user's body.

[0154] Clause 2: The analyte sensor system according to Clause 1, wherein the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0155] Clause 3: The analyte sensor system according to Clause 2, wherein the second conductive portion is included in the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

[0156] Clause 4: The analyte sensor system according to Clause 3, wherein: the first conductive portion includes a radiating element; and the second conductive portion includes a reflective element.

[0157] Clause 5: The analyte sensor system according to Clause 3, wherein the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

[0158] Clause 6: The analyte sensor system according to Clause 2, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0159] Clause 7: The analyte sensor system according to Clause 6, wherein the second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch attached to the exterior of the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0160] Clause 8: The analyte sensor system according to Clause 6, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0161] Clause 9: The analyte sensor system according to Clause 6, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of an adhesive patch configured to be attached to the user's body.

[0162] Clause 10: The analyte sensor system according to any one of Clauses 2 to 9 further includes a conductive grid plane disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system, wherein: the second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system; and the conductive grid plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion and configured to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting analyte data.

[0163] Clause 11: The analyte sensor system according to any one of Clauses 1 to 10 further includes one or more conductive contacts configured to perform at least one of the following operations: electrically connecting the second conductive portion to the user's body; or electrically connecting the second conductive portion to the circuit board.

[0164] Clause 12: An analyte sensor system according to any one of Clauses 1 to 11, wherein the second conductive portion comprises a plurality of holes.

[0165] Clause 13: The analyte sensor system according to Clause 12, wherein the size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to tune the second conductive portion to an operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard.

[0166] Clause 14: The analyte sensor system as described in Clause 13, wherein the operating frequency includes the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band.

[0167] Clause 15: An analyte sensor system according to any one of Clauses 12 to 14, wherein the size or density of said plurality of pores is configured to allow said analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater.

[0168] Clause 16: An analyte sensor system according to any one of Clauses 1 to 15, wherein: the first conductive portion is configured to transmit the analyte data to the communication device using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE); and the communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to the user.

[0169] Clause 17: An analyte sensor system according to any one of Clauses 1 to 16, wherein: the first conductive portion includes one or more antennas; and the second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

[0170] Clause 18: An antenna system for transmitting analyte data, the antenna system comprising: a first conductive portion operatively coupled to an analyte sensor via a circuit board, wherein the first conductive portion is configured to: receive analyte data associated with an analyte level of a user of the analyte sensor system; and transmit the analyte data to a communication device for display to the user; and a second conductive portion coupled to the circuit board, wherein the second conductive portion is configured to reflect a portion of power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with at least the transmission of the analyte data away from the user's body.

[0171] Clause 19: The antenna system according to Clause 18, wherein the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0172] Clause 20: The antenna system according to Clause 19, wherein the second conductive portion is included in the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

[0173] Clause 21: The antenna system according to Clause 20, wherein: the first conductive portion includes a radiating element; and the second conductive portion includes a reflecting element.

[0174] Clause 22: The antenna system according to Clause 20, wherein the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

[0175] Clause 23: The antenna system according to Clause 19, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0176] Clause 24: The antenna system according to Clause 23, wherein the second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch on the exterior of the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0177] Clause 25: The antenna system according to Clause 23, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0178] Clause 26: The antenna system according to Clause 23, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of an adhesive patch configured to be attached to the user's body.

[0179] Clause 27: The antenna system according to any one of Clauses 19 to 26 further includes a conductive grid plane disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system, wherein: the second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system; and the conductive grid plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion and configured to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting analyte data.

[0180] Clause 28: An antenna system according to any one of Clauses 18 to 27, wherein the second conductive portion includes a plurality of holes.

[0181] Clause 29: The antenna system according to Clause 28, wherein: the size or density of the plurality of apertures is configured to tune the second conductive portion to an operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard; and the operating frequency includes the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band.

[0182] Clause 30: An antenna system according to any one of Clauses 28 to 29, wherein the size or density of said plurality of apertures is configured to allow the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater.

[0183] Clause 31: An antenna system according to any one of Clauses 18 to 30, wherein: the first conductive portion is configured to transmit the analyte data to the communication device using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE); and the communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to the user.

[0184] Clause 32: An analyte sensor system according to any one of Clauses 18 to 31, wherein: the first conductive portion includes one or more antennas; and the second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

[0185] Clause 33: An analyte monitoring system comprising: a communication device; and an analyte sensor system comprising: an analyte sensor configured to generate analyte data associated with an analyte level of a user of the analyte sensor system; a first antenna system comprising: a first conductive portion configured to receive the analyte data from the analyte sensor and transmit the analyte data to the communication device for display to the user; a second conductive portion configured to reflect a portion of power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with at least the transmission of the analyte data away from the user's body; and a circuit board configured to operatively connect the analyte sensor to the first conductive portion, wherein: the communication device includes a second antenna system, the second antenna system is configured to receive the analyte data from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system; and the communication device is configured to display to the user the analyte data received from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system.

[0186] Clause 34: The analyte monitoring system according to Clause 33, wherein: the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; and the second conductive portion is included within the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

[0187] Clause 35: The analyte monitoring system according to Clause 34, wherein the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

[0188] Clause 36: The analyte monitoring system according to Clause 34, wherein: the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; the second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system; and one of the following exists: the second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch attached to the outside of the housing of the analyte sensor system; the second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system; or the second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of an adhesive patch configured to be attached to the user's body.

[0189] Clause 37: The analyte monitoring system according to Clause 34, wherein: the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; the analyte sensor system further includes a conductive grid plane disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system; the second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system; and the conductive grid plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion and configured to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting analyte data.

[0190] Clause 38: An analyte monitoring system according to any one of Clauses 33 to 37, wherein: the second conductive portion includes a plurality of orifices; and at least one of the following exists: the size or density of the plurality of orifices is configured to allow the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater; or the size or density of the plurality of orifices is configured to tune the second conductive portion to an operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard, and the operating frequency includes the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band.

[0191] Clause 39: An analyte monitoring system according to any one of Clauses 33 to 38, wherein: the first conductive portion is configured to transmit the analyte data to the communication device using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE); and the communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to the user.

[0192] Clause 40: An analyte monitoring system according to any one of Clauses 33 to 39, wherein: the first conductive portion includes one or more antennas; and the second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

[0193] Clause 41: A method for wireless communication using an analyte sensor system, the method comprising: generating analyte data associated with an analyte level of a user of the analyte sensor system; transmitting the analyte data to a communication device for display to the user using a first conductive portion of an antenna system of the analyte sensor system; and reflecting a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with the transmission of at least the analyte data away from the user's body using a second conductive portion of the antenna system.

[0194] Clause 42: The method according to Clause 41, wherein the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0195] Clause 43: The method according to Clause 42, wherein the second conductive portion is included in the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

[0196] Clause 44: The method according to Clause 43, wherein: the first conductive portion includes a radiating element; and the second conductive portion includes a reflective element.

[0197] Clause 45: The method according to any one of Clauses 43 to 44, wherein the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

[0198] Clause 46: The method according to Clause 42, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0199] Clause 47: The method according to Clause 46, wherein the second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch on the exterior of the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0200] Clause 48: The method according to Clause 46, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system.

[0201] Clause 49: The method according to Clause 46, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of an adhesive patch configured to be attached to the user's body.

[0202] Clause 50: The method according to Clause 42 further includes using a conductive mesh plane to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting the analyte data, wherein: the conductive mesh plane is disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system; the second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system; and the conductive mesh plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion.

[0203] Clause 51: The method according to any one of Clauses 41 to 50, wherein the analyte sensor system includes one or more conductive contacts configured to perform at least one of the following operations: electrically connecting the second conductive portion to the user's body; or electrically connecting the second conductive portion to the circuit board of the analyte sensor system.

[0204] Clause 52: The method according to any one of Clauses 41 to 52, wherein the second conductive portion comprises a plurality of holes.

[0205] Clause 53: The method according to Clause 52, wherein the size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to tune the second conductive portion to an operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard.

[0206] Clause 54: The method described in Clause 53, wherein the operating frequency includes the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band.

[0207] Clause 55: The method according to Clause 52, wherein the size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to allow the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater.

[0208] Clause 56: The method according to any one of Clauses 41 to 55, wherein: transmitting the analyte data using the first conductive portion includes transmitting the analyte data using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE); and the communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to the user.

[0209] Clause 57: The method according to any one of Clauses 41 to 56, wherein: the first conductive portion includes one or more antennas; and the second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

[0210] Clause 58: A method for communication between a communication device and an analyte sensor system in an analyte monitoring system, the method comprising: generating analyte data associated with an analyte level for a user of the analyte sensor system by the analyte sensor system; transmitting the analyte data by the analyte sensor system to the communication device for display to the user using a first conductive portion of a first antenna system of the analyte sensor system; reflecting a portion of power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with the transmission of at least the analyte data away from the user's body by the analyte sensor system using a second conductive portion of the first antenna system; receiving the analyte data from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system by the communication device using a second antenna system of the communication device; and displaying the analyte data received from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system to the user by the communication device.

[0211] Clause 59: The method according to Clause 58, wherein: the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; and the second conductive portion is included within the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

[0212] Clause 60: The method according to Clause 59, wherein the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

[0213] Clause 61: The method according to Clause 59, wherein: the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; the second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system; and one of the following exists: the second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch attached to the outside of the housing of the analyte sensor system; the second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system; or the second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of an adhesive patch configured to be attached to the user's body.

[0214] Clause 62: The method according to Clause 59, wherein: the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; the analyte sensor system further includes a conductive mesh plane disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system; the second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system; and the conductive mesh plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion and configured to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting analyte data.

[0215] Clause 63: The method according to any one of Clauses 58 to 62, wherein: the second conductive portion includes a plurality of holes; and at least one of the following exists: the size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to allow the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater; or the size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to tune the second conductive portion to an operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard, and the operating frequency includes the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band.

[0216] Clause 64: The method according to any one of Clauses 58 to 63, wherein: transmitting the analyte data using the first conductive portion includes transmitting the analyte data using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE); and the communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to the user.

[0217] Clause 65: The method according to any one of Clauses 58 to 64, wherein: the first conductive portion includes one or more antennas; and the second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

[0218] Clause 66: An apparatus comprising: a memory including executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the apparatus to perform a method according to any one of Clauses 41 to 65.

[0219] Clause 67: An apparatus comprising: components for performing the method according to any one of Clauses 41 to 65.

[0220] Clause 68: A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform a method according to any one of Clauses 41 to 65.

[0221] Clause 69: A computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium, said computer-readable storage medium including code for performing a method according to any one of Clauses 41 to 65.

[0222] Other precautions

[0223] In this document, the terms "computer program medium," "computer-usable medium," and "computer-readable medium," and their variations, are generally used to refer to transient or non-transitory media. These and other various forms of computer program media or computer-usable / readable media may involve delivering one or more sequences of one or more instructions to a processing device for execution. Such instructions embodied on the medium are generally referred to as "computer program code," "computer program product," or "instructions" (which may be grouped in the form of computer programs or other groups). When executed, such instructions enable computing modules, such as analyte sensor system 8, analyte sensor 208, display device 210, associated circuitry therewith, and / or its processor or processor connected thereto, to perform features or functions of this disclosure as discussed herein (e.g., in conjunction with the methods described above and / or in the claims), including, for example, when the features or functions are incorporated into a system, apparatus, device, etc.

[0224] Various embodiments have been described with reference to their specific exemplary features. However, it will be apparent that various modifications and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the various embodiments set forth in the appended claims. Therefore, this specification and drawings should be understood in an illustrative rather than restrictive sense. It will be understood that, for clarity, the above description has referred to different functional units to describe embodiments. However, it will be apparent that any suitable functional distribution among the different functional units can be used without departing from the invention. For example, a function shown to be performed by separate computing devices may be performed by the same computing device. Similarly, a function shown to be performed by a single computing device may be distributed across several computing devices. Therefore, references to specific functional units are to be regarded only as references to suitable means for providing the described functions, and not as indications of a strict logical or physical structure or organization.

[0225] Although described above with reference to various exemplary embodiments and specific implementations, it should be understood that the various features, aspects, and functions described in one or more individual embodiments are not limited to the specific embodiments in which they are described, but can be applied individually or in various combinations to one or more other embodiments of this application, whether or not such embodiments are described, and whether or not such features are presented as part of the described embodiments. Therefore, the breadth and scope of this application should not be limited by any of the exemplary embodiments described above.

[0226] Unless otherwise expressly stated, the terms and phrases used in this application, and their variations, should be understood as open-ended rather than restrictive. As an example, the term “comprising” should be interpreted as “including, but not limited to”, etc.; the term “example” is used to provide illustrative instances of the items under discussion, not an exhaustive or restrictive list thereof; the terms “a” or “an” should be interpreted as “at least one,” “one or more,” etc.; the term “set” should be interpreted as including one or more objects of the types included in the set; and adjectives such as “conventional,” “traditional,” “normal,” “standard,” “known,” and similar terms should not be construed as limiting the described items to a given time period or to items available up to a given time, but should be interpreted as encompassing conventional, traditional, normal, or standard techniques available or known at any time now or in the future. Similarly, in some cases, the plural may be considered applicable to the singular, and vice versa. Likewise, where this document refers to techniques that are obvious or known to a person skilled in the art, such techniques encompass those techniques that are obvious or known to a person skilled in the art at any time now or in the future.

[0227] In some cases, the appearance of expansive terms and phrases such as "one or more," "at least," "but not limited to," or other similar phrases should not be interpreted as indicating an intention or need to narrow the scope in situations where such expansive phrases might not be present. The use of the term "module" does not imply that the components or functionalities described or required to be part of a module are configured within a common package. In fact, any or all of the various components of a module, whether control logic, circuitry, or other components, may be combined in a single package or maintained individually and may be further distributed across multiple groups or packages or across multiple locations.

[0228] Furthermore, the various embodiments described herein are based on exemplary block diagrams, flowcharts, and other illustrations. As will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading this document, the illustrated embodiments and various alternatives thereof can be implemented without being limited to the illustrated examples. For example, the block diagrams and their accompanying descriptions should not be construed as requiring a particular architecture or configuration. Moreover, the operation and sub-operations of the various methods described herein are not necessarily limited to the order described or shown in the accompanying drawings, and those skilled in the art will understand upon studying this disclosure that variations in the order of operations described herein are possible within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by executing computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus (such as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, etc.) in a sensor electronic device system to produce a machine, such that the instructions executing on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus create instructions for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowchart blocks. These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can instruct the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of art including instructions for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart blocks. Computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions, which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus, provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart boxes presented herein.

[0229] It should be understood that all methods and processes disclosed herein can be used in any glucose or other analyte monitoring system (continuous or intermittent), or any device with or without an analyte sensor capable of providing important health data associated with the user. It should also be understood that the implementation and / or execution of all methods and processes can be performed by any suitable device or system, whether local or remote. Furthermore, any combination of devices or systems can be used to implement these methods and processes.

[0230] Additionally, in some cases, the operations and sub-operations described herein may be implemented or realized by one or more of the components, elements, devices, modules, circuits, processors, etc., of the systems, apparatuses, devices, environments, and / or computing modules described herein and referenced in the various figures of this disclosure, as well as one or more sub-components, elements, devices, modules, processors, circuits, etc., depicted therein and / or described with respect to them. In such instances, the description of a method or aspect thereof may refer to the corresponding component, element, etc., but regardless of whether it is explicitly referenced, those skilled in the art will recognize when the corresponding component, element, etc., can be used upon studying this disclosure. Furthermore, it will be understood that such references do not necessarily limit the described methods to the specific component, element, etc., referenced. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that the aspects and features described above in connection with (sub)components, elements, devices, modules, and circuits, etc. (including variations thereof), can be applied to the various operations described in connection with the methods herein, and vice versa, without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An analyte sensor system, the analyte sensor system comprising: An analyte sensor configured to generate analyte data associated with the analyte level of a user of the analyte sensor system; A first conductive portion, the first conductive portion being configured to transmit the analyte data to a communication device; A circuit board configured to operatively connect the analyte sensor to the first conductive portion; and A second conductive portion is configured to reflect a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with the transmission of at least the analyte data away from the user's body.

2. The analyte sensor system according to claim 1, wherein the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system.

3. The analyte sensor system of claim 2, wherein the second conductive portion is included in the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

4. The analyte sensor system according to claim 3, wherein: The first conductive portion includes a radiating element; and The second conductive portion includes a reflective element.

5. The analyte sensor system of claim 3, wherein the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board, and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

6. The analyte sensor system according to claim 2, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system.

7. The analyte sensor system of claim 6, wherein the second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch attached to the exterior of the housing of the analyte sensor system.

8. The analyte sensor system of claim 6, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system.

9. The analyte sensor system of claim 6, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of an adhesive patch configured to be attached to the user's body.

10. The analyte sensor system according to claim 2, further comprising a conductive grid plane disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system, wherein: The second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system; and The conductive mesh plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion and is configured to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting analyte data.

11. The analyte sensor system of claim 1, further comprising one or more conductive contacts configured to perform at least one of the following operations: Electrically connect the second conductive portion to the user's body; or The second conductive part is electrically connected to the circuit board.

12. The analyte sensor system of claim 1, wherein the second conductive portion comprises a plurality of holes.

13. The analyte sensor system of claim 12, wherein the size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to tune the second conductive portion to an operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard.

14. The analyte sensor system of claim 13, wherein the operating frequency includes the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band.

15. The analyte sensor system of claim 12, wherein the size or density of the plurality of pores is configured to allow the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater.

16. The analyte sensor system according to claim 1, wherein: The first conductive portion is configured to transmit the analyte data to the communication device using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE); and The communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to the user.

17. The analyte sensor system according to claim 1, wherein: The first conductive portion includes one or more antennas; and The second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

18. An antenna system for transmitting analyte data, the antenna system comprising: A first conductive portion, operably coupled to the analyte sensor via a circuit board, wherein the first conductive portion is configured to: Receive analyte data associated with the analyte level of the user's analyte sensor system; as well as The analyte data is sent to a communication device for display to the user; and A second conductive portion, coupled to the circuit board, wherein the second conductive portion is configured to reflect a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with the transmission of at least the analyte data away from the user's body.

19. The antenna system of claim 18, wherein the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system.

20. The antenna system of claim 19, wherein the second conductive portion is included in the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

21. The antenna system according to claim 20, wherein: The first conductive portion includes a radiating element; and The second conductive portion includes a reflective element.

22. The antenna system of claim 20, wherein the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board, and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

23. The antenna system of claim 19, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system.

24. The antenna system of claim 23, wherein the second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch on the exterior of the housing of the analyte sensor system.

25. The antenna system of claim 23, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system.

26. The antenna system of claim 23, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of an adhesive patch configured to be attached to the user's body.

27. The antenna system of claim 19, further comprising a conductive grid plane disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system, wherein: The second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system; and The conductive mesh plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion and is configured to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting analyte data.

28. The antenna system of claim 18, wherein the second conductive portion includes a plurality of holes.

29. The antenna system according to claim 28, wherein: The size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to tune the second conductive portion to an operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard; and The operating frequencies include the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band.

30. The antenna system of claim 28, wherein the size or density of the plurality of apertures is configured to allow the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater.

31. The antenna system according to claim 18, wherein: The first conductive portion is configured to transmit the analyte data to the communication device using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE); and The communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to the user.

32. The analyte sensor system according to claim 18, wherein: The first conductive portion includes one or more antennas; and The second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

33. An analyte monitoring system, the analyte monitoring system comprising: Communication equipment; and An analyte sensor system, the analyte sensor system comprising: An analyte sensor configured to generate analyte data associated with the analyte level of a user of the analyte sensor system; A first antenna system, the first antenna system comprising: A first conductive portion, configured to receive analyte data from the analyte sensor and transmit the analyte data to the communication device for display to the user; and A second conductive portion, configured to reflect a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion associated with the transmission of at least the analyte data away from the user's body; and A circuit board configured to operatively connect the analyte sensor to the first conductive portion, wherein: The communication device includes a second antenna system, the second antenna system being configured to receive analyte data from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system; and The communication device is configured to display to the user the analyte data received from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system.

34. The analyte monitoring system according to claim 33, wherein: The first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; and The second conductive portion is included in the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

35. The analyte monitoring system of claim 34, wherein the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board, and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

36. The analyte monitoring system according to claim 34, wherein: The first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; The second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system; and One of the following conditions exists: The second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch on the outside of the housing of the analyte sensor system; The second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system; or The second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of the adhesive patch configured to be attached to the user's body.

37. The analyte monitoring system according to claim 34, wherein: The first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; The analyte sensor system also includes a conductive grid plane disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system; The second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system; and The conductive mesh plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion and is configured to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting analyte data.

38. The analyte monitoring system according to claim 33, wherein: The second conductive portion includes a plurality of holes; and At least one of the following conditions exists: The size or density of the plurality of apertures is configured to allow the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater; or The size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to tune the second conductive portion to an operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard, and the operating frequency includes the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band.

39. The analyte monitoring system according to claim 33, wherein: The first conductive portion is configured to transmit the analyte data to the communication device using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE); and The communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to the user.

40. The analyte monitoring system according to claim 33, wherein: The first conductive portion includes one or more antennas; and The second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

41. A method for wireless communication by an analyte sensor system, the method comprising: Generate analyte data that is correlated with the user's analyte level in the analyte sensor system; The first conductive portion of the antenna system of the analyte sensor system is used to transmit the analyte data to a communication device for display to the user. as well as The second conductive portion of the antenna system reflects a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion that is associated with the transmission of at least the analyte data away from the user's body.

42. The method of claim 41, wherein the first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system.

43. The method of claim 42, wherein the second conductive portion is included in the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein: The first conductive portion includes a radiating element; and The second conductive portion includes a reflective element.

45. The method of claim 43, wherein the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board, and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

46. ​​The method of claim 42, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system.

47. The method of claim 46, wherein the second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch on the exterior of the housing of the analyte sensor system.

48. The method of claim 46, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system.

49. The method of claim 46, wherein the second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of an adhesive patch configured to be attached to the user's body.

50. The method of claim 42, further comprising using a conductive mesh plane to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting the analyte data, wherein: The conductive mesh plane is disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system; The second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system; and The conductive mesh plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion.

51. The method of claim 41, wherein the analyte sensor system comprises one or more conductive contacts configured to perform at least one of the following operations: Electrically connect the second conductive portion to the user's body; or The second conductive portion is electrically connected to the circuit board of the analyte sensor system.

52. The method of claim 41, wherein the second conductive portion comprises a plurality of holes.

53. The method of claim 52, wherein the size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to tune the second conductive portion to an operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard.

54. The method of claim 53, wherein the operating frequency includes the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band.

55. The method of claim 52, wherein the size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to allow the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater.

56. The method according to claim 41, wherein: Transmitting the analyte data using the first conductive portion includes transmitting the analyte data using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE); and The communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to the user.

57. The method according to claim 41, wherein: The first conductive portion includes one or more antennas; and The second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

58. A method for communication between a communication device and an analyte sensor system in an analyte monitoring system, the method comprising: The analyte sensor system generates analyte data that is correlated with the analyte level of the user of the analyte sensor system; The analyte sensor system transmits the analyte data to the communication device for display to the user using the first conductive portion of the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system. The analyte sensor system uses a second conductive portion of the first antenna system to reflect a portion of the power radiated from the first conductive portion that is associated with the transmission of at least the analyte data away from the user's body. The communication device receives the analyte data from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system using the second antenna system of the communication device. as well as The communication device displays the analyte data received from the first antenna system of the analyte sensor system to the user.

59. The method according to claim 58, wherein: The first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; and The second conductive portion is included in the housing of the analyte sensor system, below the first conductive portion.

60. The method of claim 59, wherein the second conductive portion is printed on the bottom side of the circuit board, and the first conductive portion is disposed on the top side of the circuit board.

61. The method according to claim 59, wherein: The first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; The second conductive portion is disposed outside the housing of the analyte sensor system; and One of the following conditions exists: The second conductive portion is incorporated into an adhesive patch on the outside of the housing of the analyte sensor system; The second conductive portion is disposed between the adhesive patch of the analyte sensor system and the housing of the analyte sensor system; or The second conductive portion is disposed on the surface of the adhesive patch configured to be attached to the user's body.

62. The method according to claim 59, wherein: The first conductive portion and the circuit board are included within the housing of the analyte sensor system; The analyte sensor system also includes a conductive grid plane disposed on the top side of the analyte sensor system; The second conductive portion is disposed on the bottom side of the analyte sensor system; and The conductive mesh plane is electrically coupled to the first conductive portion and is configured to assist the first conductive portion in transmitting analyte data.

63. The method according to claim 58, wherein: The second conductive portion includes a plurality of holes; and At least one of the following conditions exists: The size or density of the plurality of apertures is configured to allow the analyte sensor system to transmit analyte data using a bandwidth of 80 MHz or greater; or The size or density of the plurality of holes is configured to tune the second conductive portion to an operating frequency defined in a wireless communication standard, and the operating frequency includes the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band.

64. The method according to claim 58, wherein: Transmitting the analyte data using the first conductive portion includes transmitting the analyte data using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE); and The communication device includes a display device for displaying the analyte data to the user.

65. The method according to claim 58, wherein: The first conductive portion includes one or more antennas; and The second conductive portion includes a grid ground plane.

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