Flexible screening and impurity removing type potato harvester

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible screening and impurity removing type potato harvester, and relates to the field of intelligent agricultural power machinery, the flexible screening and impurity removing type potato harvester comprises a harvester bearing base body, the outer side of the harvester bearing base body is rotatably connected with a transmission part, and the shaft end of the transmission part is engaged and butted with an engaged synchronous belt; the inner side of the harvester bearing base body is rotationally in butt joint with a butt joint movable disc, the shaft end of the butt joint movable disc is in butt joint with the upper end of a meshing synchronous belt in a meshed mode, and the inner side of the harvester bearing base body is rotationally connected with a movable bearing piece. The flexible screening and impurity removing type potato harvester is provided with the guiding and impurity removing structure, borne impurities are flexibly separated through the guiding and impurity removing structure, flexible vibration type impurity screening treatment is formed by the movable bearing part and the bearing butt joint separation rod along the inner end of the harvester bearing base body, the potato-soil separation efficiency is guaranteed, and meanwhile the potato-soil separation efficiency is improved. The collision damage of the potato blocks is reduced to the maximum extent, and impurities such as seedlings and residual films are efficiently removed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent agricultural power machinery technology, specifically a flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of intelligent agricultural power machinery technology, such as the operation technology of potato harvesters, the potato harvester is also constantly improving. The potato harvester is an agricultural implement designed specifically for harvesting underground root crops such as potatoes. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, low damage, and convenient operation. For example, a potato harvester disclosed in patent CN2710336Y has the following main structural features: the potato harvester is suspended on a tractor, with a support adjustment wheel and a motor-driven rotary cutter fixed at the front of the frame; a chain frame is fixed to the outside of the frame. Motors are mounted at the front and rear of the chain frame, and a plowshare is fixed to the frame at the front end of the chain frame. A chain conveyor belt is installed inside the chain frame. This potato harvester is driven forward by the tractor. The potato stems and leaves on the ground are first cut off by the rotary cutter and pushed to the side of the frame. The plowshare and the chain conveyor belt dig out the soil containing the potatoes and send it to the chain conveyor belt. The potatoes are then screened and transported to the rear end. For example, patent CN201467687U describes a potato harvester that reduces potato damage and solves the problem of insufficient transmission power. The main frame of this potato harvester is connected to the frame of a walking tractor via a hand-held connector welded to the front end of the main frame. A half-shaft sprocket fixed to the hand-held drive shaft is connected to the conveyor rollers via a clutch sprocket, drive shaft, drive gear, reverse gear, intermediate drive sprocket, conveyor double sprocket, and roller double sprocket. This invention employs a double sprocket drive, which is reliable and solves the problem of insufficient transmission power in existing potato harvesters. For example, patent CN205830357U discloses a potato separation device for a potato harvester, which includes a potato harvester drum, a rotating shaft fixed on the axis of the potato harvester drum, and an annular blade fixed on the front end face of the potato harvester drum. It also includes two spiral blades, the middle of which is fixedly connected to the middle of the rotating shaft. The two spiral blades are located inside the potato harvester drum, and the pitch of the two spiral blades is equal. The two spiral blades rotate synchronously with the potato harvester drum and the rotating shaft to agitate the potatoes with soil. The agitation is used in conjunction with the existing impact method to ensure complete separation of potatoes from soil and improve potato harvesting efficiency. Most of the existing technologies mentioned above improve the overall structure. However, in the current potato harvester, the screening and separation components are mostly fixed. In actual operation, especially in areas with heavy and moist soil, the soil is prone to sticking together and clogging the separation components, resulting in a sharp drop in separation efficiency. At the same time, flexible impurities such as vines and residual film are very easy to get tangled on the separation components, which not only affects the separation effect but also increases the difficulty and cost of subsequent cleaning and impurity removal. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, where most of the screening and separation components are fixed working structures. In actual operation, especially in areas with heavy and moist soil, the soil is prone to sticking together and clogging the separation components, resulting in a sharp drop in separation efficiency. At the same time, flexible impurities such as vines and residual film are very easy to get entangled on the separation components, which not only affects the separation effect but also increases the difficulty and cost of subsequent cleaning and impurity removal.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester, comprising a harvester support base, a transmission component rotatably connected to the outer side of the harvester support base, and a timing belt meshing with the shaft end of the transmission component; a docking movable disc rotatably connected to the inner side of the harvester support base, and the shaft end of the docking movable disc meshing with the upper end of the timing belt; a movable bearing component rotatably connected to the inner side of the harvester support base, and a guide connecting rod connecting the movable bearing component and the docking movable disc; and a guide impurity removal structure provided on the inner side of the movable bearing component, through which the impurities carried are flexibly separated.

[0005] Furthermore, the guide and impurity removal structure is provided with a lateral limiting member, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable carrier. A preset guide groove is provided on the inner side of the lateral limiting member, and a carrier docking separation rod is nested inside the lateral limiting member through the preset guide groove. The carrier docking separation rod is evenly distributed about the center point of the lateral limiting member.

[0006] Furthermore, a first reset spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the transverse limiting member, and the first reset spring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bearing docking separation rod. A guide reserved groove is opened on the inner side of the harvester bearing base, and the guide reserved groove is nested and docked with the outer side of the movable bearing member.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission component forms a meshing transmission structure with the engaging synchronous belt and the docking movable disc, and the docking movable disc, in conjunction with the outer guide connecting rod, drives the movable bearing component to swing along the inner arc of the harvester bearing base.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner side of the lateral limiting member is provided with load-bearing docking separation rods at equal intervals, and the load-bearing docking separation rods move laterally along the inner side of the lateral limiting member through the first reset spring.

[0009] Furthermore, a movable bearing structure is provided between the movable bearing component and the harvester bearing base. The bearing range of the bearing docking separation rod on the inner side of the movable bearing component is adjusted and managed through the movable bearing structure. The movable bearing structure is provided with a docking nesting component, which is nested and installed on the inner side of the harvester bearing base. The lower end of the docking nesting component corresponds to the outer side of the movable bearing component. The lower end of the docking nesting component is connected to a docking wire rope component, which runs through the inner side of the harvester bearing base.

[0010] Furthermore, a movable guide is nested on the inner surface of the harvester support base, and the lower inner end of the movable guide is connected to the end of the connecting wire rope component. A wedge-shaped abutment is connected to the outer side of the movable guide, and a second return spring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable guide, and the second return spring is connected to the inner side of the harvester support base.

[0011] Furthermore, during the upward movement of the movable carrier, it pushes the docking nesting component in contact with the outside to move vertically in sync, and the docking nesting component drives the movable guide component to form a traction structure along the inner side of the harvester carrier base through the docking wire rope component.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower end of the movable guide is symmetrically provided with wedge-shaped abutments, and when the wedge-shaped abutments move to the inner ends of the two sets of bearing docking separation rods, they apply pressure, pushing the two sets of contacting bearing docking separation rods to move laterally along the inner side of the lateral limiting member.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester is equipped with a guided impurity removal structure. This structure flexibly separates the impurities it carries. As the transmission components move, the synchronous belt drives the docking movable disc to rotate synchronously. This allows the docking movable disc, along with the outer guide connecting rod, to drive the movable carrier component to swing in an arc along the inner side of the harvester's carrier base. This achieves flexible vibration-type impurity screening along the inner end of the harvester's carrier base, ensuring efficient potato-soil separation while minimizing collision damage to the potato tubers. It also efficiently removes impurities such as vines and residual film, providing an efficient and low-loss equipment solution for mechanized potato harvesting. Furthermore, as the movable carrier swings along the inner side of the harvester's carrier base under the guidance of the guide connecting rod, it will push the upper contacting nested component upward under force. This allows the nested component to drive the movable guide along the inner gap of the mutual carrier docking separation rods through the docking wire rope component, preventing them from blocking the mutual carrier docking separation rods and ensuring the overall separation efficiency. At the same time, it prevents flexible impurities such as seedlings and residual film from getting tangled on the carrier docking separation rods, ensuring the separation effect and avoiding the difficulty and cost of subsequent cleaning and impurity removal. Furthermore, a movable bearing structure is provided. This structure regulates the bearing range of the inner bearing docking and separating rods of the movable bearing components. Symmetrically arranged wedge-shaped contact elements are positioned at the lower end of the movable guide component. During vertical displacement, these wedge-shaped contact elements apply pressure when they move between the inner ends of the two sets of bearing docking and separating rods. This pushes the two sets of contacting bearing docking and separating rods laterally along the inner side of the transverse limit component. Combined with the reset bearing state of the second return spring, the bearing docking and separating rods reciprocate to perform multiple screening and cleaning operations. During the separation and harvesting of heavy, sticky soil with high moisture content, the movable bearing structure guides and separates clumps of soil, ensuring effective separation and improving screening quality. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the harvester support base of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the central part of the structure; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wire rope docking component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bearing docking separation rod of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wedge-shaped abutment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first reset spring of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the movable guide component of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the guide connecting rod of the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Harvester bearing base; 2. Transmission components; 3. Meshing synchronous belt; 4. Docking movable disc; 5. Guide connecting rod; 6. Movable bearing component; 7. Lateral limiting component; 8. Bearing docking separation rod; 9. First return spring; 10. Guide reserved groove; 11. Docking nesting component; 12. Docking wire rope component; 13. Movable guide component; 14. Second return spring; 15. Wedge-shaped abutment component; 16. Pre-set guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-9 This invention provides the following technical solution: a flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester. To address the problem in areas with heavy, sticky soil and high moisture content, where soil easily clumps together, clogging the separation components and causing a sharp decline in separation efficiency, and where flexible impurities such as vines and residual film easily become entangled on the separation components, not only affecting the separation effect but also increasing the difficulty and cost of subsequent cleaning and impurity removal, the invention discloses the following: a transmission component 2 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the harvester's supporting base 1, and the shaft end of the transmission component 2 is meshed with a meshing synchronous belt 3; a docking movable disc 4 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the harvester's supporting base 1, and the shaft end of the docking movable disc 4 meshes with the upper end of the meshing synchronous belt 3; a movable bearing component 6 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the harvester's supporting base 1, and a guide connecting rod 5 is connected between the movable bearing component 6 and the docking movable disc 4; a guiding impurity removal structure is provided on the inner side of the movable bearing component 6, through which the carried impurities are flexibly separated.

[0018] The guide and impurity removal structure is equipped with a lateral limiting member 7, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable bearing member 6. A preset guide groove 16 is provided on the inner side of the lateral limiting member 7, and a bearing docking separation rod 8 is nested inside the lateral limiting member 7 through the preset guide groove 16. The bearing docking separation rod 8 is evenly distributed about the center point of the lateral limiting member 7. A first return spring 9 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the lateral limiting member 7, and the first return spring 9 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bearing docking separation rod 8. A guide reserved groove 10 is provided on the inner side of the harvester bearing base 1, and the guide reserved groove 10 is nested and connected to the outer side of the movable bearing member 6. The transmission component 2 forms a meshing transmission structure with the docking movable disc 4 through the meshing synchronous belt 3. The docking movable disc 4, in conjunction with the outer guide connecting rod 5, drives the movable bearing member 6 to swing along the inner arc of the harvester bearing base 1. The bearing docking separation rods are evenly distributed on the inner side of the lateral limiting member 7. 8. The bearing docking separation rod 8 moves laterally along the inner side of the transverse limiting member 7 via the first reset spring 9. As the harvester bearing base 1 docks with the drive equipment, it performs potato harvesting along the land surface. The harvested potatoes and soil clods and other impurities are transferred to the surface of the bearing docking separation rod 8 on the inner side of the harvester bearing base 1. With the transmission component 2, it will work with the meshing synchronous belt 3 to drive the docking movable disc 4 to rotate synchronously. This allows the docking movable disc 4 to work with the outer guide connecting rod 5 to drive the movable bearing component 6 to swing in an arc along the inner side of the harvester bearing base 1. This achieves flexible vibration-type impurity screening along the inner end of the harvester bearing base 1 by the movable bearing component 6 and the bearing docking separation rod 8. While ensuring the efficiency of potato-soil separation, it minimizes the collision damage of potato clods and achieves efficient removal of impurities such as vines and residual film, providing an efficient and low-loss equipment solution for mechanized potato harvesting.

[0019] Example 2: Based on Example 1, a movable load-bearing structure is also disclosed, the specific structure of which is as follows: A movable bearing structure is provided between the movable bearing component 6 and the harvester bearing base 1. The bearing range of the bearing docking separation rod 8 on the inner side of the movable bearing component 6 is adjusted and managed through the movable bearing structure. The movable support structure is equipped with a docking nesting member 11, which is nested inside the harvester support base 1. The lower end of the docking nesting member 11 corresponds to the outer side of the movable support member 6. A docking wire rope component 12 is connected to the lower end of the docking nesting member 11, and the docking wire rope component 12 passes through the inner side of the harvester support base 1. A movable guide member 13 is nested on the inner surface of the harvester support base 1, and the lower inner end of the movable guide member 13 is connected to the end of the docking wire rope component 12. A wedge-shaped abutment member 15 is connected to the outer side of the movable guide member 13. A second return spring 14 is fixedly connected to the upper end of component 13, and the second return spring 14 is connected to the inner side of the harvester bearing base 1. During the upward movement of the movable bearing component 6, it pushes the outer contacting docking nest 11 to move vertically in sync. The docking nest 11 drives the movable guide component 13 to form a traction structure along the inner side of the harvester bearing base 1 through the docking wire rope component 12. The lower end of the movable guide component 13 is symmetrically provided with wedge-shaped abutment components 15. When the wedge-shaped abutment components 15 move to the inner ends of the two sets of bearing docking separation rods 8, they apply pressure and push the two sets of contacting bearing docking separation rods 8 along the horizontal direction. As the movable carrier 6 moves laterally inward towards the limiting member 7, it swings along the inner side of the harvester's carrier base 1 under the guidance of the guide connecting rod 5. This pushes the upper contacting mating nest 11 upward, causing it to move upward through the mating wire rope component 12, which in turn drives the movable guide 13 to apply pressure along the inner gap of the mating separation rods 8. This prevents blockage of the mating separation rods 8, ensuring consistent overall separation efficiency. Simultaneously, it prevents flexible impurities such as seedlings and residual film from becoming entangled on the mating separation rods 8, guaranteeing the separation effect and avoiding difficulties in subsequent cleaning and impurity removal. To reduce costs, the lower end of the movable guide 13 is symmetrically equipped with wedge-shaped abutment 15. During vertical displacement, when the wedge-shaped abutment 15 moves between the inner ends of the two sets of bearing docking separation rods 8, it will generate pressure, thereby pushing the two sets of contacting bearing docking separation rods 8 to move laterally along the inner side of the transverse limiter 7. In conjunction with the reset bearing state of its second return spring 14, the bearing docking separation rods 8 reciprocate to perform multiple screening and cleaning work. In the process of separating and harvesting plots of soil that are heavy and have high moisture content, the movable bearing structure guides and separates the soil that is stuck together, ensuring the separation effect.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester, comprising a harvester support base (1), wherein a transmission component (2) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the harvester support base (1), and a timing belt (3) is engaged with the shaft end of the transmission component (2). Its features are: The inner side of the harvester carrier base (1) is rotatably connected to a docking movable disc (4), and the shaft end of the docking movable disc (4) is meshed with the upper end of the meshing synchronous belt (3). The inner side of the harvester carrier base (1) is rotatably connected to a movable carrier (6), and a guide connecting rod (5) is connected between the movable carrier (6) and the docking movable disc (4). The inner side of the movable carrier (6) is provided with a guide impurity removal structure, which flexibly separates the impurities carried by the carrier.

2. The flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide and impurity removal structure is provided with a lateral limiting member (7), and the lateral limiting member (7) is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable bearing member (6). A preset guide groove (16) is provided on the inner side of the lateral limiting member (7), and a bearing docking separation rod (8) is nested inside the lateral limiting member (7) through the preset guide groove (16). The bearing docking separation rod (8) is evenly distributed about the center point of the lateral limiting member (7).

3. The flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side of the transverse limiting member (7) is fixedly connected to a first reset spring (9), and the first reset spring (9) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bearing docking separation rod (8). The inner side of the harvester bearing base (1) is provided with a guide reserved groove (10), and the guide reserved groove (10) is nested and docked with the outer side of the movable bearing member (6).

4. The flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission component (2) forms a meshing transmission structure with the engagement timing belt (3) and the docking movable disc (4), and the docking movable disc (4) cooperates with the outer guide connecting rod (5) to drive the movable bearing component (6) to swing in an arc along the inner side of the harvester bearing base (1).

5. A flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner side of the lateral limiting member (7) is provided with load-bearing docking separation rods (8) at equal intervals, and the load-bearing docking separation rods (8) move laterally along the inner side of the lateral limiting member (7) through the first reset spring (9).

6. A flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: A movable bearing structure is provided between the movable bearing component (6) and the harvester bearing base (1), and the bearing range of the bearing docking separation rod (8) inside the movable bearing component (6) is adjusted and sorted through the movable bearing structure; The movable bearing structure is provided with a docking nesting part (11), and the docking nesting part (11) is nested and installed on the inner side of the harvester bearing base (1). The lower end of the docking nesting part (11) corresponds to the outer side of the movable bearing part (6). The lower end of the docking nesting part (11) is connected to a docking wire rope component (12), and the docking wire rope component (12) passes through the inner side of the harvester bearing base (1).

7. A flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner surface of the harvester support base (1) is inlaid with a movable guide (13), and the lower inner end of the movable guide (13) is connected to the end of the connecting wire rope component (12). The outer side of the movable guide (13) is connected to a wedge-shaped abutment (15). The upper end of the movable guide (13) is fixedly connected to a second return spring (14), and the second return spring (14) is connected to the inner side of the harvester support base (1).

8. A flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the upward movement of the movable carrier (6), the docking nest (11) in contact with the outside is pushed to move vertically in sync, and the docking nest (11) drives the movable guide (13) to form a traction structure along the inner side of the harvester carrier base (1) through the docking wire rope component (12).

9. A flexible screening and impurity removal potato harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower end of the movable guide (13) is symmetrically provided with wedge-shaped abutment (15), and when the wedge-shaped abutment (15) moves to the inner end of the two sets of bearing docking separation rods (8), it forms pressure and pushes the two sets of contacting bearing docking separation rods (8) to move laterally along the inner side of the transverse limiting member (7).

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