A laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of laser cleaning, and particularly relates to a laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing, which comprises a cleaning work cabin, supporting legs are installed below the cleaning work cabin, a taking and placing cabin door is hinged to the cleaning work cabin, a first clamping unit and a second clamping unit are installed in the cleaning work cabin, an industrial robot is installed on the inner wall of the cleaning work cabin, and a mounting plate is installed on the movable end of the industrial robot. In the application, the laser cleaning head performs cleaning on the top of the skeleton in an inclined state, after the top cleaning is completed, the controller drives the second clamping unit to overturn the skeleton and transfer the skeleton to the first clamping unit, the skeleton is converted into a horizontal posture, and the laser cleaning head cleans the skeleton comprehensively, the process realizes automatic overturning and continuous cleaning of the steering wheel skeleton, effectively improves the completeness of cleaning coverage and the operation efficiency, and guarantees the high efficiency and stability of the cleaning process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser cleaning technology, specifically a laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing. Background Technology

[0002] During the manufacturing process of automotive steering wheels, the internal metal frame (usually made of magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, or steel) must undergo thorough cleaning before being covered with materials such as leather, foam, or wood veneer. Any contaminants on the surface, such as oil, release agents, or oxide layers, can severely affect the adhesion strength of subsequent covering layers and the product's durability.

[0003] Currently, traditional cleaning methods mainly include chemical solvent cleaning, sandblasting, and manual grinding. Chemical cleaning has problems such as significant environmental pollution, residue of harmful substances, and high costs for subsequent waste liquid treatment; sandblasting can easily damage the metal substrate or cause stress concentration, and it is difficult to clean the internal corners of complex structures; manual grinding is inefficient, has poor quality consistency, and relies on worker experience.

[0004] Laser cleaning, as an emerging "green" cleaning technology, utilizes high-energy pulsed lasers to cause contaminants to absorb energy instantaneously, vaporizing, expanding, and peeling off, while the substrate material is well preserved due to differences in absorption rate or melting point. However, applying laser cleaning technology to workpieces with complex three-dimensional curved surfaces and asymmetrical hollow structures, such as steering wheel frames, faces significant challenges: First, the laser beam must always be perpendicular and precisely focused on various parts of the curved surface; otherwise, uneven cleaning or insufficient energy density will occur. Second, efficient and thorough coverage of the entire complex curved surface is required. Existing general-purpose laser cleaning equipment typically uses three-axis or simple rotating fixtures, making it difficult to achieve adaptive, precise tracking and efficient operation across the entire surface of the steering wheel frame. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing. This invention primarily addresses the problem that using three-axis or simple rotary fixtures makes it difficult to achieve adaptive, precise tracking and efficient operation across the entire surface of the steering wheel frame, thus affecting the efficiency of the laser cleaning process.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing, comprising a cleaning working chamber; a support leg is installed under the cleaning working chamber, and a pick-up and put-down door is hinged to the cleaning working chamber; a first clamping unit and a second clamping unit are installed inside the cleaning working chamber; an industrial robot is installed on the inner wall of the cleaning working chamber; an installation plate is installed on the movable end of the industrial robot; a laser cleaning head is installed inside the installation plate; a laser generator is installed on the industrial robot; the laser cleaning head is connected to the laser generator through an optical fiber; two distance sensors are installed on the installation plate; and a vision camera is installed on the installation plate.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: the first clamping unit includes a first horizontal plate and a first placement frame. A first vertical rod is installed under the first horizontal plate and is installed inside the cleaning working chamber. A first cylinder is installed inside the first placement frame. Both output shafts of the first cylinder are connected to first support blocks. The first placement frame is located on the first horizontal plate. The second clamping unit includes a second horizontal plate and a second placement frame. A second vertical rod is installed under the second horizontal plate and is installed inside the cleaning working chamber. A second cylinder is installed inside the second placement frame. Both ends of the second cylinder are connected to tensioning components. The two tensioning components and the two first support blocks are staggered.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the first clamping unit further includes a first bearing ring, a first intermediate rod is installed under the first bearing ring, a rotating plate is installed at the bottom end of the first intermediate rod, a first support ring is rotatably connected to the rotating plate, the first support ring is installed on a first horizontal plate, the first placement frame is installed on the rotating plate, a connecting gear is installed inside the rotating plate, a first driving gear is meshed with the connecting gear, a connecting shaft is provided under the first driving gear, the bottom end of the connecting shaft passes through the first support ring and the first horizontal plate and is connected to a second motor, the second motor is installed under the first horizontal plate.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the second clamping unit also includes a rotating rod, in which a first pin is installed, and a mounting seat is hinged to the outside of the first pin. The mounting seat is disposed on a second horizontal plate. A third motor is installed on the back of the first pin and is mounted on the second horizontal plate. A second pin is hinged inside the rotating rod, and a fifth motor is installed on the back of the second pin and is mounted on the back of the rotating rod. A rotating seat is installed outside the second pin, and a connecting ring is installed on the right side of the rotating seat. A rotating ring is rotatably connected inside the connecting ring and is fixedly connected to the second placement frame. The second clamping unit includes a rotating rod mounted on the second horizontal plate. The mounting rod on the second horizontal plate has a second support ring mounted at its top. A rotating gear ring is rotatably connected inside the second support ring. Two second drive gears mesh inside the rotating gear ring. A rotating column is mounted below the second drive gears. A second connecting wheel is mounted outside the rotating column. The two second connecting wheels are connected by a synchronous belt drive. A fourth motor is mounted at the bottom of one of the rotating columns. A bearing seat is rotatably connected outside the other rotating column. Both the fourth motor and the bearing seat are mounted below the second support ring. A second intermediate rod is mounted on the rotating gear ring. A second bearing ring is mounted at the top of the second intermediate rod. A notch is opened on the second bearing ring corresponding to the position of the rotating rod.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: 4-6 electromagnets are slidably arranged inside the rotating seat, and the electromagnets are electrically connected to the controller.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the tensioning assembly includes a first sliding block connected to the end of the second cylinder, a movable block slidably connected to the outside of the first sliding block, a first spring connected to the movable block on the first sliding block, a second sliding block mounted on the movable block, a second support block slidably connected to the outside of the second sliding block, a second spring connected to the second support block on the outside of the second sliding block, an inclined block mounted on the side of the movable block away from the second cylinder, and a compression column mounted in the second placement frame at the position corresponding to the inclined block.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the laser cleaning head also includes an air blowing protection unit, the airflow outlet of which is arranged around the laser light output port to blow away debris generated during cleaning and protect the optical lenses.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the air blowing protection unit includes an air collecting frame connected to the outside of the laser cleaning head. Two symmetrically arranged swing plates are rotatably connected inside the air collecting frame. The swing plates have channels. Rotating shafts are installed on both the front and rear sides of the swing plates. The rotating shafts are rotatably connected inside the air collecting frame. A first connecting wheel is installed at one end of the rear side of the rotating shaft. The two first connecting wheels are connected by two meshing intermediate gears. The intermediate gears are rotatably connected to the back of the air collecting frame. A first motor is installed at one end of the front side of one of the rotating shafts. The first motor is installed on the front side of the air collecting frame.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: the control system of the laser cleaning device is configured to perform the following steps:

[0015] S1: Control the industrial robot to drive the laser cleaning head, which integrates a vision camera and a distance sensor, to scan the steering wheel frame mounted on the clamping unit and obtain its three-dimensional point cloud model.

[0016] S2: Compare the three-dimensional point cloud model with the preset standard model to plan the laser scanning path and the corresponding set of laser process parameters covering the area to be cleaned;

[0017] S3: Control the industrial robot and laser generator to move in coordination, so that the laser cleaning head moves along the laser scanning path, and dynamically adjust the distance between the laser cleaning head and the steering wheel frame surface according to the real-time feedback of the distance sensor, so as to perform the cleaning operation.

[0018] S4: After the laser cleaning operation is completed, the control system also controls the vision camera to acquire images of the cleaned steering wheel frame, and judges the cleanliness based on the image analysis results. If there are areas that do not meet the standards, the control system controls the laser cleaning head to re-clean those areas.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution: In step S3, the control system also dynamically adjusts the output power and / or pulse frequency of the laser generator based on the real-time feedback from the distance sensor.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. In this invention, when cleaning the steering wheel frame, the operator opens the loading and unloading hatch and places the part to be cleaned on the second clamping unit. The system coordinates the laser and the industrial robot through the controller, so that the laser cleaning head performs cleaning on the top of the frame which is tilted. After the top cleaning is completed, the controller drives the second clamping unit to flip the frame and transfer it to the first clamping unit, turning it into a horizontal position. The laser cleaning head then cleans it thoroughly. This process realizes automatic flipping and continuous cleaning of the steering wheel frame, effectively improving the integrity of the cleaning coverage and the work efficiency, and ensuring the high efficiency and stability of the cleaning process.

[0022] 2. In this invention, after the upper side of the steering wheel frame is cleaned, the second clamping unit flips it over and smoothly transfers it to the first bearing ring of the first clamping unit. Subsequently, the controller starts the first cylinder, driving the first support block to extend into the center hole of the frame and achieve reliable fixation. Then, the controller controls the second motor to operate, driving the first drive gear to rotate through the connecting shaft, thereby driving the connecting gear to rotate synchronously with the first bearing ring. During this process, the laser cleaning head performs a comprehensive cleaning of the lower side of the frame. After the frame rotates one full turn with the bearing ring, the overall cleaning operation is completed. This solution provides stable circumferential support and limitation for the frame through the first bearing ring, ensuring accurate positioning and stable posture during the cleaning process, thereby improving the accuracy and consistency of the lower side laser cleaning. In addition, the cleaning method of using the bearing ring to drive the frame to rotate simplifies the motion path of the industrial robot, which not only improves the robot's response speed but also significantly improves the motion and positioning accuracy of each axis due to its simplified movements. This ensures the tracking accuracy and cleaning effect of the laser cleaning head during operation, achieving efficient and high-precision automated laser cleaning.

[0023] 3. In this invention, during the clamping stage, the steering wheel frame to be cleaned is placed on the second bearing ring, and two second support blocks are inserted into the center hole of the frame. The controller drives the second cylinder to extend, causing the first sliding block and the movable block to move towards the inner wall of the center hole. The movable block, with the help of the second sliding block and the second spring, causes the second support block to move synchronously until the second support block is tightly attached to the inner wall of the center hole. When the second cylinder continues to extend, the movable block causes the inclined block to move downward under the action of the extrusion column, and then the second sliding block pulls the second support block to move downward along the axis, applying a controllable downward force to the steering wheel frame, ensuring that the frame and the surface of the second bearing ring are tightly attached, effectively eliminating the phenomenon of poor attachment or relative slippage between the two. This clamping method not only achieves reliable fixation of the frame, but also ensures that the steering wheel frame can be rotated synchronously and accurately during the rotation of the second bearing ring, thereby providing a stable motion reference for laser cleaning, ensuring the integrity and positional accuracy of the cleaning coverage, and significantly improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of laser cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the cleaning work chamber in this invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional separation structure of the first support ring and the rotating plate in this invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of part A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second clamping unit in this invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the rotating toothed ring in this invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the rotating seat in this invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the movable block in this invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the industrial robot in this invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the gas collecting frame in this invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the swing plate in this invention;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the air collection frame in this invention, viewed from the rear.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Cleaning chamber; 2. Support leg; 3. Loading / unloading door; 4. First clamping unit; 5. Second clamping unit; 6. Industrial robot; 7. Mounting plate; 8. Laser cleaning head; 9. Laser generator; 10. Vision camera; 11. Distance sensor; 12. Air collection frame; 13. Swinging plate; 14. Rotating shaft; 15. Channel; 16. First motor; 17. First connecting wheel; 18. Intermediate gear; 19. First horizontal plate; 20. First vertical rod; 21. First support ring; 22. Rotating plate; 23. First intermediate rod; 24. First bearing ring; 25. Connecting gear; 26. First drive gear; 27. Connecting shaft; 28. Second motor; 29. ​​First placement frame; 30. First cylinder; 31. First support block; 32. Second... 33. Horizontal plate; 34. Second vertical rod; 35. Rotating rod; 36. First pin; 37. Mounting base; 38. Third motor; 39. Second pin; 40. Rotating base; 41. Connecting ring; 42. Rotating ring; 43. Electromagnet; 44. Second placement frame; 45. Second cylinder; 46. First sliding block; 47. Movable block; 48. First spring; 49. Second sliding block; 50. Second support block; 51. Second spring; 52. Inclined block; 53. Extrusion column; 54. Mounting rod; 55. Second support ring; 56. Rotating gear ring; 57. Second drive gear; 58. Rotating column; 59. Second connecting wheel; 60. Synchronous belt; 61. Fourth motor; 62. Bearing seat; 63. Fifth motor; 64. Second intermediate rod; 65. Second bearing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, a laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing includes a cleaning chamber 1; a support leg 2 is installed under the cleaning chamber 1, and a pick-up and drop-off door 3 is hinged to the cleaning chamber 1; a first clamping unit 4 and a second clamping unit 5 are installed inside the cleaning chamber 1; an industrial robot 6 is installed on the inner wall of the cleaning chamber 1; an installation plate 7 is installed on the movable end of the industrial robot 6; a laser cleaning head 8 is installed inside the installation plate 7; a laser generator 9 is installed on the industrial robot 6; the laser cleaning head 8 is connected to the laser generator 9 via an optical fiber; two distance sensors 11 are installed on the installation plate 7; and a vision camera 10 is installed on the installation plate 7.

[0041] Industrial Robot 6 uses a six-axis articulated robotic arm;

[0042] When cleaning the steering wheel frame, the loading and unloading door 3 is opened first, and the frame to be cleaned is placed on the second clamping unit 5. Then, the control system drives the laser and industrial robot 6 to work together. The laser cleaning head 8 cleans the upward side of the tilted frame. After the upper side is cleaned, the controller instructs the second clamping unit 5 to perform a flipping action, transferring the frame to the first clamping unit 4 and turning it into a horizontal position. At this time, the laser cleaning head 8 continues to clean the frame from all directions, thereby realizing automatic flipping and continuous cleaning of the steering wheel frame. This process effectively ensures the cleaning coverage of all surfaces of the frame and improves the continuity and overall efficiency of the cleaning process.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the first clamping unit 4 includes a first horizontal plate 19 and a first placement frame 29. A first vertical rod 20 is installed under the first horizontal plate 19 and is installed inside the cleaning working chamber 1. A first cylinder 30 is installed inside the first placement frame 29. Both output shafts of the first cylinder 30 are connected to first support blocks 31. The first placement frame 29 is located on the first horizontal plate 19. The second clamping unit 5 includes a second horizontal plate 32 and a second placement frame 43. A second vertical rod 33 is installed under the second horizontal plate 32 and is installed inside the cleaning working chamber 1. A second cylinder 44 is installed inside the second placement frame 43. Both ends of the second cylinder 44 are connected to tensioning components. The two tensioning components and the two first support blocks 31 are arranged in an alternating manner.

[0044] When cleaning the steering wheel frame, the operator first opens the loading / unloading hatch 3 and places the frame to be cleaned on the second clamping unit 5. The controller then activates the second cylinder 44, driving the tensioning component to extend into and tighten the inner wall of the frame's central hole, achieving reliable fixation. The laser cleaning head 8 then cleans the upper side of the tilted frame. After the upper side is cleaned, the controller controls the second clamping unit 5 to perform a flipping action. Because the tensioning component in this unit and the first support block 31 of the first clamping unit 4 are designed with an interleaved layout, the tensioning component can move to the same plane as the two first support blocks 31 during the flipping process, thereby smoothly and accurately transferring the frame to the outside of the first support block 31, completing the flipping handover. Subsequently, the controller activates the first cylinder 30, driving the first support block 31 to extend into the frame's central hole and tighten, keeping the frame stably in a horizontal position. This process realizes the automated connection of the steering wheel frame flipping and positioning, without the need for additional adjustment steps, effectively ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the cleaning operation.

[0045] This device clamps the steering wheel frame by supporting it through the central hole, avoiding the obstruction of the frame surface caused by traditional clamping methods. This prevents cleaning omissions caused by obstruction and ensures that the frame surface receives comprehensive and thorough laser cleaning.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the first clamping unit 4 also includes a first bearing ring 24, a first intermediate rod 23 is installed under the first bearing ring 24, a rotating plate 22 is installed at the bottom end of the first intermediate rod 23, a first support ring 21 is rotatably connected to the outside of the rotating plate 22, the first support ring 21 is installed on the first horizontal plate 19, a first placement frame 29 is installed on the rotating plate 22, a connecting gear 25 is installed inside the rotating plate 22, a first drive gear 26 is meshed with the outside of the connecting gear 25, a connecting shaft 27 is provided under the first drive gear 26, the bottom end of the connecting shaft 27 passes through the first support ring 21 and the first horizontal plate 19 and is connected to a second motor 28, the second motor 28 is installed under the first horizontal plate 19.

[0047] After the upper side of the steering wheel frame is cleaned, the steering wheel frame is flipped by the second clamping unit 5 and falls onto the first bearing ring 24 of the first clamping unit 4. The controller then activates the first cylinder 30, driving the first support block 31 to extend into the center hole of the frame and tighten it, achieving stable positioning. Subsequently, the controller controls the second motor 28 to run, driving the first drive gear 26 to rotate through the connecting shaft 27, which in turn drives the connecting gear 25 to rotate synchronously with the first bearing ring 24. During this period, the laser cleaning head 8 performs a comprehensive cleaning of the lower side of the frame. After the bearing ring drives the frame to rotate one full turn, the laser cleaning operation of the entire frame is completed. This solution uses the first bearing ring 24 to provide circumferential support and limit the steering wheel frame, ensuring its accurate position and stable clamping during the cleaning process, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the lower side laser cleaning. The cleaning method of using the first bearing ring 24 to drive the frame to rotate simplifies the movement path of the industrial robot 6, which not only improves the robot's response speed but also improves the movement accuracy of each axis due to its simplified movements. Ultimately, this makes the positioning and tracking of the laser cleaning head 8 more accurate, ensuring the consistency and reliability of the overall cleaning effect.

[0048] like Figures 6 to 8As shown, the second clamping unit 5 also includes a rotating rod 34, with a first pin 35 installed inside the rotating rod 34. A mounting seat 36 is hinged to the outside of the first pin 35 and is located on the second horizontal plate 32. A third motor 37 is mounted on the back of the first pin 35 and is also mounted on the second horizontal plate 32. A second pin 38 is hinged inside the rotating rod 34, with a fifth motor 62 mounted on the back of the second pin 38 and is also mounted on the back of the rotating rod 34. A rotating seat 39 is mounted outside the second pin 38, with a connecting ring 40 mounted on the right side of the rotating seat 39. A rotating ring 41 is rotatably connected inside the connecting ring 40 and is fixedly connected to the second placement frame 43. The second clamping unit 5 includes a mounting rod 5 mounted on the second horizontal plate 32. 3. A second support ring 54 is installed at the top of the mounting rod 53. A rotating gear ring 55 is rotatably connected inside the second support ring 54. Two second drive gears 56 mesh inside the rotating gear ring 55. A rotating column 57 is installed below the second drive gears 56. A second connecting wheel 58 is installed outside the rotating column 57. The two second connecting wheels 58 are connected by a synchronous belt 59. A fourth motor 60 is installed at the bottom of one of the rotating columns 57. A bearing seat 61 is rotatably connected outside the other rotating column 57. The fourth motor 60 and the bearing seat 61 are both installed below the second support ring 54. A second intermediate rod 63 is installed on the rotating gear ring 55. A second bearing ring 64 is installed at the top of the second intermediate rod 63. A notch is opened on the second bearing ring 64 corresponding to the position of the rotating rod 34.

[0049] Before the cleaning operation, the steering wheel frame to be cleaned is placed on the second bearing ring 64, and the two tensioning components are inserted into the center hole of the frame. Then, the controller drives the second cylinder 44 to extend, so that the tensioning components expand outward and fit tightly against the inner wall of the center hole of the frame to achieve a stable clamping. Subsequently, the controller starts the fourth motor 60, which drives the rotating column 57 and the second drive gear 56 to rotate. The rotating column 57 is driven by the second connecting wheel 58 and the synchronous belt 59 to drive the other rotating column 57 and the second driving gear 56 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the rotating gear ring 55, the second intermediate rod 63 and the second bearing ring 64 to rotate together. The second bearing ring 64 uses friction to drive the steering wheel frame to rotate around its axis for one revolution. During this process, the laser cleaning head 8 thoroughly cleans the upper side of the frame. After the upper side is cleaned, the controller coordinates the third motor 37 and the fifth motor 62 to work together: the third motor 37 drives the first pin 35 and the rotating rod 34 to rotate, while the fifth motor 62 drives the second pin 38, the rotating seat 39 and the frame to rotate as a whole; the rotating rod 34 then rotates downwards past the notch of the clamping structure until the steering wheel frame is smoothly transferred. The robot moves onto the first bearing ring 24. Subsequently, the controller coordinates with the third motor 37 and the fifth motor 62 to reset the rotating rod 34 and the rotating seat 39 to their initial positions. Finally, the controller activates the first cylinder 30, driving the first support block 31 to extend into the center hole of the skeleton and tighten it, so that the skeleton maintains precise positioning and stable support on the first bearing ring 24, thereby providing a reliable position reference for subsequent cleaning operations. This solution uses the rotation drive of the second bearing ring 64 to make the skeleton rotate during the cleaning process, which greatly simplifies the movement path of the industrial robot 6. It not only improves the robot's response speed, but also improves the motion accuracy of each axis due to the simplified movement, thereby ensuring more accurate positioning and tracking of the laser cleaning head 8 and effectively guaranteeing the consistency and quality of the upper cleaning.

[0050] like Figure 8 As shown, 4-6 electromagnets 42 are slidably installed inside the rotating base 39, and the electromagnets 42 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0051] After the cleaning of the upper side of the steering wheel frame is completed, the controller energizes the electromagnet 42, causing it to adhere to the surface of the second placement frame 43, thus reliably limiting the position of the second placement frame 43. Subsequently, the controller coordinates the third motor 37 and the fifth motor 62 to work together: the third motor 37 drives the first pin 35 and the rotating rod 34 to rotate, while the fifth motor 62 drives the second pin 38, the rotating seat 39, and the entire steering wheel frame to rotate. During this process, the adsorption of the second placement frame 43 by the electromagnet 42 effectively prevents it from rotating relative to the rotating seat 39, thereby ensuring the stability of the steering wheel frame. After separating from the second support ring 64, the second placement frame 43 and the second support block 49 remain in a stable posture, ensuring that the second support block 49 and the first support block 31 are always in a preset misaligned state. This design ensures that the steering wheel frame does not deflect unexpectedly during the rotation and transfer to the first support ring 24, allowing it to land smoothly and accurately on the first clamping unit 4. As a result, the flipping process of the steering wheel frame is executed accurately, avoiding possible interference and collision between the tensioning component and the first support block 31, thereby ensuring the smooth process and overall efficiency of the comprehensive laser cleaning of the steering wheel frame.

[0052] like Figure 9 As shown, the tensioning assembly includes a first sliding block 45 connected to the end of the second cylinder 44, a movable block 46 vertically slidably connected to the outside of the first sliding block 45, a first spring 47 connected to the inside of the movable block 46 on the first sliding block 45, a second sliding block 48 mounted on the movable block 46, a second support block 49 horizontally slidably connected to the outside of the second sliding block 48, a second spring 50 connected to the inside of the second support block 49 on the outside of the second sliding block 48, an inclined block 51 mounted on the side of the movable block 46 away from the second cylinder 44, and a pressing column 52 mounted in the second placement frame 43 at the position corresponding to the inclined block 51.

[0053] The steering wheel frame to be cleaned is placed on the second support ring 64, and the two second support blocks 49 are simultaneously inserted into its central hole. Then, the controller drives the second cylinder 44 to extend, pushing the first sliding block 45 and the movable block 46 towards the inner wall of the central hole. The movable block 46, through the second sliding block 48 and the second spring 50, drives the second support blocks 49 to move synchronously until the second support blocks 49 are completely against the inner wall of the central hole. At this time, the second cylinder 44 continues to extend, driving the first sliding block 45 and the movable block 46 to move further; simultaneously, the inclined block 51 on the movable block 46 is subjected to… The squeezing column 52 moves downward, thereby pulling the second support block 49 axially downward through the second sliding block 48, applying a downward pulling force to the steering wheel frame. This pulling force ensures that the frame fits tightly against the surface of the second bearing ring 64, effectively preventing poor fit or relative slippage between the two. Through the above clamping method, it can be ensured that the second bearing ring 64 can synchronously and accurately drive the steering wheel frame to rotate one revolution during rotation, thereby ensuring the frame's stable position and precise rotation during laser cleaning, providing a reliable guarantee for achieving comprehensive and precise laser cleaning.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 10 As shown, the laser cleaning head 8 also includes an air blowing protection unit. The airflow outlet of the air blowing protection unit is arranged around the laser light output port to blow away the debris generated during cleaning and protect the optical lens.

[0055] The air blowing protection unit is connected to an external fan via a connecting pipe. When the laser cleaning head 8 performs cleaning operations on the steering wheel frame, the controller starts the fan, which delivers the gas to the air collection frame 12 via the connecting pipe, and then blows it out evenly through the preset channel 15. This ensures that the airflow coverage area corresponds to the working position of the laser cleaning head 8, which can suppress the debris generated during the cleaning process, thereby effectively preventing debris from splashing and causing impact damage to the laser cleaning head 8, and ensuring the safety and stability of the laser cleaning head 8 during operation.

[0056] like Figures 11 to 13 As shown, the air blowing protection unit includes an air collecting frame 12 connected to the outside of the laser cleaning head 8. Two symmetrically arranged swing plates 13 are rotatably connected inside the air collecting frame 12. The swing plates 13 have channels 15. Rotating shafts 14 are installed on both the front and rear sides of the swing plates 13. The rotating shafts 14 are rotatably connected inside the air collecting frame 12. A first connecting wheel 17 is installed at one end of the rear side of the rotating shaft 14. The two first connecting wheels 17 are connected by two meshing intermediate gears 18. The intermediate gears 18 are rotatably connected to the back of the air collecting frame 12. A first motor 16 is installed at one end of the front side of one of the rotating shafts 14. The first motor 16 is installed on the front side of the air collecting frame 12.

[0057] During laser cleaning, if the distance between the cleaning head and the steering wheel frame surface changes due to changes in the frame shape or laser power adjustment, the controller can start the first motor 16 to drive the rotating shaft 14 and the swing plate 13 to rotate. The angle of the swing plate 13 is adjusted accordingly, thereby changing the air outlet direction of each channel 15 to ensure that the air outlet range always covers the current working area of ​​the laser cleaning head 8. This adaptive airflow guiding mechanism can effectively suppress the splashing of debris generated during cleaning and avoid damage to optical components. At the same time, the directional airflow can promote the rapid removal of debris from the processing position, making it easy for the dust removal unit to collect efficiently, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the working area and ensuring the continuity and stability of the cleaning process.

[0058] The control system of the laser cleaning device is configured to perform the following steps:

[0059] S1: Control the industrial robot 6 to drive the laser cleaning head 8, which integrates a vision camera 10 and a distance sensor 11, to scan the steering wheel frame mounted on the clamping unit and obtain its three-dimensional point cloud model.

[0060] S2: Compare the 3D point cloud model with the preset standard model to plan the laser scanning path and the corresponding set of laser process parameters covering the area to be cleaned;

[0061] S3: Control the industrial robot 6 and the laser generator 9 to move the laser cleaning head 8 along the laser scanning path, and dynamically adjust the distance between the laser cleaning head 8 and the steering wheel frame surface according to the real-time feedback of the distance sensor 11, so as to perform the cleaning operation.

[0062] S4: After the laser cleaning operation is completed, the control system also controls the vision camera 10 to acquire images of the cleaned steering wheel frame, and judges the cleanliness based on the image analysis results. If there are areas that do not meet the standards, the laser cleaning head 8 is controlled to re-clean the area.

[0063] In step S3, the control system also dynamically adjusts the output power and / or pulse frequency of the laser generator 9 based on the real-time feedback from the distance sensor 11.

[0064] During operation, the loading and unloading hatch 3 is first opened, and the steering wheel frame to be cleaned is placed on the second bearing ring 64. At the same time, the two second support blocks 49 are inserted into the center hole of the steering wheel frame. Then, the controller controls the extension of the second cylinder 44. At this time, the second cylinder 44 controls the first sliding block 45 and the movable block 46 to move closer to the inner wall of the center hole of the steering wheel frame. At the same time, the movable block 46 drives the second support block 49 to move through the second sliding block 48 and the second spring 50 until the second support block 49 is in contact with the inner wall of the center hole of the steering wheel frame. At this time, the second cylinder 44 continues to extend, driving the first sliding block 45 and the movable block 46 to move. When the movable block 46 drives the inclined block 51 to move, it is squeezed down by the extrusion column 52. At this time, the movable block 46 pulls the second support block 49 down through the second sliding block 48, so that the second support block 49 applies a downward pulling force to the steering wheel frame, thereby making the steering wheel frame fit against the second bearing ring 64.

[0065] Then, by controlling the industrial robot 6 to drive the laser cleaning head 8, which integrates a vision camera 10 and a distance sensor 11, the vision camera 10 and the distance sensor 11 scan the steering wheel frame to obtain its three-dimensional point cloud model. The three-dimensional point cloud model is compared with a preset standard model to plan the laser scanning path and the corresponding set of laser process parameters covering the area to be cleaned. The industrial robot 6 and the laser generator 9 are controlled to move together so that the laser cleaning head 8 moves along the laser scanning path. The distance between the laser cleaning head 8 and the surface of the steering wheel frame is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time feedback of the distance sensor 11 to perform the cleaning operation.

[0066] Simultaneously, the controller controls the fourth motor 60 and the fan to work, causing the fourth motor 60 to drive the rotating column 57 and the second drive gear 56 to rotate. At this time, the rotating column 57 controls the other rotating column 57 and the second drive gear 56 to rotate through the second connecting wheel 58 and the synchronous belt 59. This causes the second drive gear 56 to drive the rotating gear ring 55, the second intermediate rod 63 and the second bearing ring 64 to rotate. This causes the second bearing ring 64 to drive the steering wheel frame to rotate one revolution using friction. At this time, the steering wheel frame rotates while laser cleaning is being performed.

[0067] When the blower is working, it delivers gas to the gas collection frame 12 through the connecting pipe, so that the gas in the gas collection frame 12 is blown out through the channel 15. At the same time, the position of the gas acting on the steering wheel frame covers the cleaning position of the laser cleaning head 8 on the steering wheel frame, and blows down the debris generated during the laser cleaning process.

[0068] After the upper side of the steering wheel frame is cleaned, the controller energizes the electromagnet 42, causing it to adhere to the surface of the second placement frame 43 and limit its movement, thus preventing rotation relative to the rotating seat 39. Then, the controller controls the third motor 37 and the fifth motor 62 to work together. The third motor 37 controls the rotation of the first pin 35 and the rotating rod 34, while the fifth motor 62 drives the second pin 38, the rotating seat 39, and the steering wheel frame to rotate until the steering wheel frame lands on the first bearing ring 24. Subsequently, the controller controls the third motor 37 and the fifth motor 62 to rotate the rotating rod 34 and the rotating seat 39 back to their initial positions. Finally, the controller controls the first cylinder 30 to operate. This causes the first cylinder 30 to drive the first support block 31 to rest inside the center hole of the steering wheel frame. Then, the controller controls the second motor 28 to run. At this time, the second motor 28 drives the first drive gear 26 to rotate through the connecting shaft 27, which in turn drives the connecting gear 25 and the first bearing ring 24 to rotate. At this time, the laser cleaning head 8 cleans the lower side of the steering wheel frame. After the steering wheel frame rotates one revolution, the cleaning operation of the steering wheel frame is completed. At this time, the controller controls the second motor 28, the laser generator 9 and the industrial robot 6 to stop working, and the controller controls the first cylinder 30 to drive the first support block 31 to separate from the inner wall of the center hole of the steering wheel frame. Then, the loading and unloading hatch 3 is opened, and the cleaned steering wheel frame can be taken out.

[0069] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing, comprising a cleaning chamber (1); characterized in that: The cleaning work chamber (1) is equipped with support legs (2); the cleaning work chamber (1) is hinged with a pick-up and drop-off door (3); the cleaning work chamber (1) is equipped with a first clamping unit (4) and a second clamping unit (5); an industrial robot (6) is installed on the inner wall of the cleaning work chamber (1); an installation plate (7) is installed on the movable end of the industrial robot (6); a laser cleaning head (8) is installed in the installation plate (7); a laser generator (9) is installed on the industrial robot (6); the laser cleaning head (8) is connected to the laser generator (9) through an optical fiber; two distance sensors (11) are installed on the installation plate (7); a vision camera (10) is installed on the installation plate (7). The first clamping unit (4) includes a first horizontal plate (19) and a first placement frame (29); a first vertical rod (20) is installed under the first horizontal plate (19); the first vertical rod (20) is installed inside the cleaning work chamber (1); a first cylinder (30) is installed inside the first placement frame (29); the two output shafts of the first cylinder (30) are connected to first support blocks (31); the first placement frame (29) is located on the first horizontal plate (19); the second clamping unit (5) includes a second horizontal plate (32) and a second placement frame (43); a second vertical rod (33) is installed under the second horizontal plate (32); the second vertical rod (33) is installed inside the cleaning work chamber (1); a second cylinder (44) is installed inside the second placement frame (43); both ends of the second cylinder (44) are connected to tensioning components; the two tensioning components and the two first support blocks (31) are staggered. The first clamping unit (4) further includes a first bearing ring (24); a first intermediate rod (23) is installed under the first bearing ring (24); a rotating plate (22) is installed at the bottom end of the first intermediate rod (23); a first support ring (21) is rotatably connected to the rotating plate (22); the first support ring (21) is installed on the first horizontal plate (19); the first placement frame (29) is installed on the rotating plate (22); a connecting gear (25) is installed inside the rotating plate (22); a first drive gear (26) is meshed with the connecting gear (25); a connecting shaft (27) is provided under the first drive gear (26); the bottom end of the connecting shaft (27) passes through the first support ring (21) and the first horizontal plate (19) and is connected to a second motor (28); the second motor (28) is installed under the first horizontal plate (19); The second clamping unit (5) further includes a rotating rod (34); a first pin (35) is installed inside the rotating rod (34); a mounting seat (36) is hinged to the outside of the first pin (35); the mounting seat (36) is located on the second horizontal plate (32); a third motor (37) is installed on the back of the first pin (35); the third motor (37) is installed on the second horizontal plate (32); a second pin (38) is hinged inside the rotating rod (34); a fifth motor (62) is installed on the back of the second pin (38); the fifth motor (62) is installed on the back of the rotating rod (34); a rotating seat (39) is installed outside the second pin (38); a connecting ring (40) is installed on the right side of the rotating seat (39); a rotating ring (41) is rotatably connected inside the connecting ring (40); the rotating ring (41) is fixedly connected to the second placement frame (43); the second clamping unit (5) includes a mounting seat installed on the second horizontal plate (32). The mounting rod (53) is mounted on the top of the mounting rod (53); a second support ring (54) is mounted on the top of the mounting rod (53); a rotating gear ring (55) is rotatably connected inside the second support ring (54); two second drive gears (56) are meshed inside the rotating gear ring (55); a rotating column (57) is mounted below the second drive gear (56); a second connecting wheel (58) is mounted outside the rotating column (57); the two second connecting wheels (58) are connected by a synchronous belt (59); a fourth motor (60) is mounted on the bottom of one of the rotating columns (57); a bearing seat (61) is rotatably connected outside the other rotating column (57); the fourth motor (60) and the bearing seat (61) are both mounted under the second support ring (54); a second intermediate rod (63) is mounted on the rotating gear ring (55); a second bearing ring (64) is mounted on the top of the second intermediate rod (63); a notch is opened on the second bearing ring (64) corresponding to the position of the rotating rod (34); Four to six electromagnets (42) are slidably disposed inside the rotating base (39); the electromagnets (42) are electrically connected to the controller.

2. The laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning assembly includes a first sliding block (45) connected to the end of the second cylinder (44); a movable block (46) is vertically slidably connected to the outside of the first sliding block (45); a first spring (47) is provided on the first sliding block (45) and connected inside the movable block (46); a second sliding block (48) is installed on the movable block (46); a second support block (49) is horizontally slidably connected to the outside of the second sliding block (48); a second spring (50) is provided on the outside of the second sliding block (48) and connected inside the second support block (49); an inclined block (51) is installed on the side of the movable block (46) away from the second cylinder (44); and a pressing column (52) is installed in the second placement frame (43) at the position corresponding to the inclined block (51).

3. The laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser cleaning head (8) also includes an air blowing protection unit. The air outlet of the air blowing protection unit is arranged around the laser light output port to blow away the debris generated during cleaning and protect the optical lens.

4. The laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air-blowing protection unit includes an air-collecting frame (12) connected to the outside of the laser cleaning head (8); two symmetrically arranged swing plates (13) are rotatably connected inside the air-collecting frame (12); the swing plates (13) are provided with channels (15); a rotating shaft (14) is installed on both the front and rear sides of the swing plates (13); the rotating shaft (14) is rotatably connected inside the air-collecting frame (12); a first connecting wheel (17) is installed at one end of the rear side of the rotating shaft (14); the two first connecting wheels (17) are connected by two meshing intermediate gears (18); the intermediate gears (18) are rotatably connected to the back of the air-collecting frame (12); a first motor (16) is installed at one end of the front side of one of the rotating shafts (14); the first motor (16) is installed on the front side of the air-collecting frame (12).

5. The laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control system of the laser cleaning apparatus is configured to perform the following steps: S1: Control the industrial robot (6) to drive the laser cleaning head (8) which integrates a vision camera (10) and a distance sensor (11) to scan the steering wheel frame mounted on the clamping unit and obtain its three-dimensional point cloud model; S2: Compare the three-dimensional point cloud model with the preset standard model to plan the laser scanning path and the corresponding set of laser process parameters covering the area to be cleaned; S3: Control the industrial robot (6) and the laser generator (9) to work together, so that the laser cleaning head (8) moves along the laser scanning path, and dynamically adjust the distance between the laser cleaning head (8) and the steering wheel frame surface according to the real-time feedback of the distance sensor (11) to perform cleaning operations; S4: After the laser cleaning operation is completed, the control system also controls the vision camera (10) to collect images of the cleaned steering wheel frame and judges the cleanliness based on the image analysis results. If there are areas that do not meet the standards, the laser cleaning head (8) is controlled to re-clean the area.

6. The laser cleaning device for steering wheel processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the control system also dynamically adjusts the output power and / or pulse frequency of the laser generator (9) based on the real-time feedback from the distance sensor (11).

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