Waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment

Abstract

The invention provides waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment, and relates to the technical field of dust removal equipment. Comprising a control module, and a central negative pressure collection unit, a cyclone separation unit, an unloading unit, a conveying unit, a pre-compression unit, a compression unit and a stacking unit which are arranged in sequence, through central negative pressure collection, unified and centralized treatment of waste materials generated in the production process in a production workshop is achieved, dust dissipation is effectively restrained from the source, and the production efficiency is improved. According to the invention, the waste is compressed into a high-density block, the volume reduction rate is remarkable, the temporary storage and transportation cost of the waste is greatly reduced, the logistics and disposal efficiency is improved, a central electric control unit is integrated, the automatic linkage control of the whole process from waste suction, separation, conveying to compression molding is realized, and the production efficiency is improved. By means of the seamless joint automatic production line, manual intervention is greatly reduced, and production continuity and stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of dust removal equipment technology, and more specifically, to a central negative pressure treatment device for waste and dust. Background Technology

[0002] In the lithium-ion battery manufacturing industry, the processing of key materials such as electrodes (including aluminum / copper foil coatings), separators, and aluminum-plastic films generates a large amount of fluffy, lightweight scrap and nano-sized metal dust (mainly aluminum and copper powder) during high-speed cutting and stamping processes. Currently, the industry generally adopts a decentralized collection method, which has significant technical shortcomings.

[0003] Space efficiency and operational bottlenecks: Each piece of equipment is equipped with an independent collection box or a mini vacuum cleaner, resulting in densely packed collection points occupying the production workshop and reducing the effective working area. Furthermore, manual cleaning requires frequent interruptions to the production line, severely impacting the overall efficiency of the equipment.

[0004] Occupational health and safety risks: Metal dust particles with a diameter <75μm are prone to forming suspended aerosols that can spread within the workshop. When the dust concentration reaches a certain threshold, it may ignite upon contact with an electrostatic spark, posing a safety hazard.

[0005] Logistics costs and storage losses: Loose waste has a low bulk density, which wastes space, and waste requires a dedicated explosion-proof warehouse and special transport vehicles, resulting in high transportation and storage costs.

[0006] Automation integration barriers: Existing collection systems use discrete control modes, which cannot be seamlessly integrated with automated production lines, affecting overall production efficiency.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a centralized, automated, and volume-reducing waste and dust treatment system to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this application is to provide a central negative pressure treatment device for waste and dust, which can collect the waste and dust generated in the production process of lithium battery positive and negative electrode materials in the workshop through a central negative pressure pipeline network, and automatically compress them into blocks under high pressure after gas-solid separation, so as to achieve clean workshop, unmanned cleaning and optimal cost.

[0009] This application provides a central negative pressure treatment device for waste and dust, including a control module and a central negative pressure collection unit, a cyclone separation unit, a discharge unit, a conveying unit, a pre-compression unit, a compression unit, and a palletizing unit connected to the control module and arranged in sequence.

[0010] During processing, the central negative pressure collection unit connects to the production equipment to centrally collect mixed waste. The mixed waste then enters the corresponding cyclone separation unit. Solid waste is discharged from the bottom, while the airflow containing fine dust is discharged from the top for deep purification at the back end. The separated solid waste falls into the unloading unit and is discharged from the unloading unit before falling into the conveying unit. The waste is then centrally transported to the pre-compression unit for conveying and initial compression. The pre-compressed waste is then sent to the compression unit, where it is compressed into high-density, regular blocks of a predetermined shape and pushed out. The stacking unit grabs the regular blocks and automatically stacks them according to a preset program. When the stacking height triggers a full material signal, the system alarms and pauses. After the operator is replaced, the system automatically resumes operation and enters the next work cycle.

[0011] Furthermore, the central negative pressure collection unit uses multiple dust collectors as the main power source, the cyclone separation unit is equipped with multiple cyclone separators, and the central negative pressure collection unit connects multiple cyclone separators in series through the main negative pressure pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the cyclone separator is equipped with a negative pressure air outlet, an anemometer, a back-blowing screen, a waste inlet, a maintenance port, a cyclone separator frame, a through-beam switch, and a discharge port. The negative pressure air outlet is located at the top of the cyclone separator frame, the waste inlet is located on the top side of the cyclone separator frame, the anemometer and the back-blowing screen are located at the top of the cyclone separator frame, the maintenance port and the through-beam switch are respectively installed in the cyclone separator frame, and the discharge port is located at the bottom of the cyclone separator frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the discharge valve unit adopts an eight-blade rotary discharge valve, which is installed between the discharge port of the cyclone separator and the conveying unit. The rotary discharge valve includes an impeller, a seated bearing, a first motor, a first reducer, an impeller guard, a first proximity switch, a first coupling, and a maintenance port baffle. The first reducer is connected to the first motor and the first coupling respectively. The impeller is rotatably mounted on the seated bearing and connected to the first coupling. The proximity switch is located near the end of the impeller away from the seated bearing. The maintenance port baffle is located on one side of the impeller.

[0014] Furthermore, the conveying device unit adopts a chain conveyor for horizontally conveying solid waste to the pre-compression unit. The chain conveyor includes a metal chain plate, a feed inlet, a second motor, a second reducer, a drive shaft (including a bearing with a mounting seat), a support bracket, a first observation window, and a control box. The control box is connected to the control module. The metal chain plate and the control box are respectively mounted on the support bracket, and the control box is connected to the control module. The second reducer is connected to the second motor and the drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected to the metal chain plate. The feed inlet is located above the metal chain plate, and the number of feed inlets matches the number of rotary discharge valves. The first observation window is located on the side of the metal chain plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the pre-compression unit employs a screw conveyor mechanism, which includes a closed feeding hopper, a pre-compression chamber, a photoelectric sensor, a supply chamber, a twin-screw conveyor shaft, gears, a third motor, and a third reducer, for achieving preliminary compression and dynamic sealing of waste materials. The photoelectric sensor is located in the closed feeding hopper, and the supply chamber is located at the bottom of the closed feeding hopper. The supply chamber is connected to the pre-compression chamber for docking with the compression unit. The twin-screw conveyor shaft is installed in the supply chamber and connected to the gears. The third reducer is connected to both the third motor and the gears.

[0016] Furthermore, the compression unit adopts an electrically driven linear compression mechanism, which includes an electric cylinder system, a second proximity switch, a second observation window, a feed inlet, a gate valve, and a discharge outlet. The electric cylinder system is used to apply high pressure to compress and shape the pre-compressed waste material. The second proximity switch is located at the front end of the electric cylinder system, the second observation window is located above the front end of the electric cylinder system, the feed inlet is located on the side of the front end of the electric cylinder system, the discharge outlet is located at the front end of the electric cylinder system and in front of the feed inlet, and the gate valve is located at the discharge outlet.

[0017] Furthermore, the palletizing unit adopts a cylinder handling mechanism, which includes a handling cylinder, a positioning sensor, a clamping plate, a pusher plate, and a grating, for realizing automatic stacking of compressed blocks; the handling cylinder and the pusher plate are arranged near the discharge port of the compression unit, the clamping plate is arranged on the opposite side of the pusher plate, and the grating plate is arranged on one side between the clamping plate and the pusher plate.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a backup compression module, which has a frame and a compression device, an extruder, and a backup electrical control box respectively connected to the frame. The backup electrical control box is connected to the control module, and the compression device and the extruder are connected to the backup electrical control box for use during maintenance and repair.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] The waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment provided by this invention includes a control module and a central negative pressure collection unit, a cyclone separation unit, an unloading unit, a conveying unit, a pre-compression unit, a compression unit, and a palletizing unit connected to the control module and arranged sequentially. Its structure is simple and rationally designed. Through central negative pressure collection, it achieves unified and centralized treatment of waste generated during the production process in the production workshop, replacing the traditional decentralized treatment mode of single machines. This significantly improves the scale efficiency and systematic nature of waste management, effectively curbs dust dispersion at the source, ensures a clean production environment, and significantly reduces the temporary storage and transportation costs of waste by compressing waste into high-density blocks, thereby improving logistics and disposal efficiency. This invention integrates a central electrical control unit, realizing automatic linkage control of the entire process from waste collection, separation, conveying to compression molding, seamlessly connecting to automated production lines, greatly reducing manual intervention, and improving production continuity and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of structures in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of structures in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cyclone separator in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cyclone separator in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cyclone separator in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary discharge valve in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary discharge valve in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary discharge valve in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the chain conveyor in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the screw conveyor mechanism in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the screw conveyor mechanism in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the screw conveyor mechanism in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrically driven linear compression mechanism in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an electrically driven linear compression mechanism in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the cylinder conveying mechanism in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder conveying mechanism in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0040] Control Module 1, Backup Compression Module 2, Frame 21, Compression Device 22, Extruder 23, Backup Electrical Control Box 24, Cyclone Separator 3, Negative Pressure Outlet 31, Anemometer 32, Backflush Screen 33, Waste Inlet 34, Maintenance Port 35, Cyclone Separator Frame 36, Through-Injection Switch 37, Material Drop Inlet 38, Rotary Discharge Valve 4, Impeller 41, Bearing with Mount 42, First Motor 43, First Reducer 44, Impeller Protector 45, First Proximity Switch 46, First Coupling 47, Inspection Port Baffle 48, Chain Conveyor 5, Metal Chain Conveyor 51, Feed Inlet 52, Second Motor 5 3. Second reducer 54, drive shaft 55, support bracket 56, first observation window 57, control box 58, screw conveyor mechanism 6, enclosed feed hopper 61, pre-compression chamber 62, photoelectric sensor 63, supply chamber 64, twin screw conveyor shaft 65, gear 66, third motor 67, third reducer 68, electric drive linear compression mechanism 7, electric cylinder system 71, second proximity switch 72, second observation window 73, feed port 74, slide gate valve 75, discharge port 76, cylinder handling mechanism 8, handling cylinder 81, position sensor 82, clamping plate 83, push plate 84, grating 85. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0044] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0046] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] See Figure 1-17 As shown, the waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment described in this embodiment includes a control module 1 and a central negative pressure collection unit (not shown in the figure), a cyclone separation unit, a discharge unit, a conveying unit, a pre-compression unit, a compression unit and a palletizing unit connected to the control module 1 and arranged in sequence.

[0048] During processing, the central negative pressure collection unit connects to the production equipment to centrally collect mixed waste. The mixed waste then enters the corresponding cyclone separation unit. Solid waste is discharged from the bottom, while the airflow containing fine dust is discharged from the top for deep purification at the back end. The separated solid waste falls into the unloading unit and is discharged from the unloading unit before falling into the conveying unit. The waste is then centrally transported to the pre-compression unit for conveying and initial compression. The pre-compressed waste is then sent to the compression unit, where it is compressed into high-density, regular blocks of a predetermined shape and pushed out. The stacking unit grabs the regular blocks and automatically stacks them on pallet 83 according to a preset program. When the stacking height triggers a full material signal, the system alarms and pauses. After the operator replaces the empty pallet 83, the system automatically resumes operation and enters the next work cycle.

[0049] This embodiment features a simple structure and reasonable design. Through central negative pressure collection, it achieves unified and centralized treatment of waste generated during the production process in the production workshop, replacing the traditional decentralized treatment mode of single machines. This significantly improves the scale efficiency and systematic nature of waste management, effectively curbs dust emission from the source, and ensures a clean production environment. By compressing waste into high-density blocks, the volume reduction rate is significant, greatly reducing the temporary storage and transportation costs of waste and improving logistics and disposal efficiency. This invention integrates a central electronic control unit, realizing automatic linkage control of the entire process from waste collection, separation, transportation to compression molding, seamlessly connecting with automated production lines, greatly reducing manual intervention, and improving production continuity and stability.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, the central negative pressure collection unit uses multiple dust collectors as the main power source, the cyclone separation unit is equipped with multiple cyclone separators 3, and the central negative pressure collection unit connects multiple cyclone separators 3 in series through the main negative pressure pipeline.

[0051] In this embodiment, multiple dust collectors are used as the main power source, which can achieve a modular layout and facilitate centralized collection of waste.

[0052] See Figures 3-6 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the cyclone separator 3 is equipped with a negative pressure air outlet 31, an anemometer 32, a back-blowing screen 33, a waste inlet 34, a maintenance port 35, a cyclone separator frame 36, a photoelectric switch 37, and a discharge port 38, so as to use centrifugal force to achieve the initial separation of waste and dust.

[0053] In this embodiment, the negative pressure outlet 31 of the cyclone separator 3 is connected to the dust collector of the central negative pressure collection unit, forming a negative pressure inside the system to suck away air and light particles, realizing pneumatic conveying. The anemometer 32 is used to monitor the wind speed in real time to ensure that the system operates within the set range and effectively prevent blockage or efficiency reduction. The back-blowing screen 33 cleans the screen with reverse air jets at regular intervals to prevent blockage and maintain filtration efficiency. The waste inlet 34 serves as the entrance for waste or dust-laden gas to enter the system. The maintenance port 35 provides a channel for manual inspection, cleaning, or replacement of components. The frame of the cyclone separator 3 is the core component, which separates particles from the airflow through centrifugal force. The through-beam switch 37 is specifically a through-beam photoelectric switch used to detect whether there is material passing through or whether the material drop is normal. The discharge port 38 is used for the separated solid particles or waste to be discharged from here and enter the bottom unloading unit.

[0054] Specifically, the top and top of this cyclone separator 3 are connected to a pipe. Under negative pressure, the waste (copper foil or aluminum foil) and dust generated in the previous process are rotated and separated inside this module. The waste flows down from the bottom of the separator to the next working module through a spiral, while the dust flows through the top pipe to a dedicated dust removal device for purification and discharge at the back end.

[0055] See Figures 7-9 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the unloading valve unit adopts an eight-blade rotary unloading valve 4, which is installed between the discharge port 76 of the cyclone separator 3 and the conveying unit. The rotary unloading valve 4 includes an impeller 41, a seated bearing 42, a first motor 43, a first reducer 44, an impeller 41 guard, a first proximity switch 46, a first coupling 47, and a maintenance port baffle 48.

[0056] In this embodiment, the eight straight blades of the impeller 41 divide the shell into eight independent small cavities. During rotation, material falls sequentially from each cavity, forming a dual function of "airlock + disassembly." The bearing 42 supports the impeller shaft, bearing radial / axial loads to ensure smooth low-speed operation and allows for quick assembly and disassembly. The motor and reducer provide low-speed, high-torque power to drive the impeller 41 to rotate at a uniform speed (typically set at 10 rpm), achieving quantitative unloading. The impeller 41 guard seals the upper part of the impeller 41, preventing foreign objects from entering and forming a sealed cavity with the shell, reducing dust accumulation. Dust escapes; proximity switches detect the speed or stoppage of impeller 41, and immediately output an alarm signal when jamming or slippage occurs to prevent material blockage and equipment damage; the coupling flexibly connects the output shaft of the reducer and the shaft of impeller 41, compensating for installation errors, absorbing impact, and facilitating disassembly and maintenance; the reducer mounting bracket rigidly fixes the motor-reducer assembly to the housing or frame 21, ensuring the coaxiality of the transmission chain and reducing vibration; the inspection port baffle 48 can be quickly opened to facilitate cleaning the inner cavity of the housing and the accumulated material on impeller 41 without disassembling the entire equipment, enabling online maintenance.

[0057] This unit is connected to the cyclone separator module 3 in the previous process. Waste material flows from the bottom of the separator to this module via a spiral descent. This unit transports the waste material to the next process while ensuring airtightness. At the same time, this unit also has the function of shearing clumps and extra-long waste material to achieve the effect of preventing blockage.

[0058] See Figure 10 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the conveying device unit adopts a chain conveyor 5, which is used to horizontally convey solid waste to the pre-compression unit. The chain conveyor 5 includes a metal chain line 51, a feed port 52, a second motor 53, a second reducer 54, a drive shaft 55, a support bracket 56, a first observation window 57, and a control box 58. The control box 58 is connected to the control module.

[0059] In this embodiment, the metal chain conveyor 51 is a closed loop belt formed by hinged multiple metal chain plates, which carries materials and withstands impact, high temperature or sharp objects, achieving stable and continuous conveying of waste materials to the next process; the feed inlet 52 guides the upstream material to fall into the center of the chain conveyor, preventing spillage and deviation; the motor and reducer provide low-speed, high-torque power, which drives the drive shaft 55 through the sprocket / gear 66, pulling the entire chain conveyor at a set speed; the drive shaft 55 (including a bearing with a mounting seat) outputs torque through a drive roller with a sprocket meshing with the chain plate; it has a built-in adjustment mechanism. The coaxial bearing housing ensures coaxiality and facilitates quick replacement; the support bracket 56 is a welded steel frame that bears the chain plates, materials, and impact loads; the first observation window 57 is a transparent heat-resistant window plate, allowing visual inspection of material status, chain plate deviation, or jamming without stopping the machine; the control box 58 integrates start / stop, frequency conversion speed regulation, overload protection, and emergency stop buttons, and can be interlocked with upstream and downstream equipment; the tension roller at the tail of the driven shaft (with seated bearing) allows for sliding adjustment of chain tension to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction; similarly, the seated bearing 42 facilitates maintenance.

[0060] This unit serves as the supporting framework for the unloading module and the cyclone separator 3 module, and is also the conveying hub of the entire central pressure system. It is connected to each module, and its main function is to transport the waste material flowing from the unloading valve to the compression modules on both sides. Specifically, the forward and reverse rotation of the motor is used to transport the waste material in two directions.

[0061] See Figure 11-13 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the pre-compression unit adopts a screw conveyor mechanism 6, which includes a closed feeding hopper 61, a pre-compression chamber 62, a photoelectric sensor 63, a supply chamber 64, a twin-screw conveyor shaft 65, a gear 66, a third motor 67, and a third reducer 68, for realizing preliminary compression and dynamic sealing of waste materials.

[0062] In this embodiment, the enclosed feed hopper 61 is connected to the upstream equipment, maintaining a sealed environment to prevent dust from escaping; it stores a certain amount of material to ensure continuous subsequent supply; the volume of the pre-compression chamber 62 gradually decreases, first venting and pre-compressing to improve the screw filling degree; the through-beam switch 37 (through-beam photoelectric) monitors the material level in real time, automatically starting and stopping when empty or full to prevent material interruption / overflow; the supply chamber 64 is the twin-screw meshing area, where the material is further compacted and a stable pressure is established, providing a uniform "plug flow" for downstream extrusion, injection molding, or molding equipment; the twin-screw conveyor shaft 65 realizes double-helix pushing, positive displacement conveying and mixing venting; the gear 66 realizes synchronous meshing of the two screws, transmitting torque and preventing interference; it can be quickly replaced to adjust the compression ratio; the motor and reducer provide controllable low-speed high-torque power, synchronously driving the twin screws through the gearbox 66.

[0063] This unit is the next process module after the conveying device module. Its main function is to store and pre-compress the conveyed waste material, and then squeeze it forward through twin propellers to expel the waste material into the next process compression module.

[0064] See Figure 14-15 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the compression unit adopts an electrically driven linear compression mechanism 7, which includes an electric cylinder system 71, a second proximity switch 72, a second observation window 73, a feed port 74, a slide valve 75, and a discharge port 76, and is used to apply high pressure to compress and shape the pre-compressed waste material.

[0065] In this embodiment, the electric cylinder system 71 can precisely control the piston stroke and push materials as needed; the proximity switch detects and provides real-time feedback on the arrival signal of the slide gate valve 75 to avoid overtravel and mechanical collision; the second observation window 73 visually confirms the material movement and valve operation status; the feed port 74 connects to the upstream material inlet of the twin propellers; the slide gate valve 75 is quickly opened and closed by the cylinder to realize the opening and closing of the feed port 74; the slide gate valve 75 cuts off the medium channel through the slide gate action and achieves sealing by means of pressure difference; the discharge port 76 is directly connected to the downstream stacking and unloading port, with zero transition material dropping, no jamming and no residue.

[0066] See Figure 16-17 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the palletizing unit adopts a cylinder handling mechanism 8, which includes a handling cylinder 81, a positioning sensor 82, a card plate 83, a push plate 84, and a grating 85, for realizing automatic stacking of compressed blocks.

[0067] In this embodiment, the cylinder is the power source, which linearly reciprocates to drive the push plate 84; the position sensor 82 monitors the cylinder's "extend / retract" position in real time and feeds back to the control module to control the next action; the card plate 83 collects and temporarily stores waste material, and triggers the push action when the bin is full; the push plate 84 directly pushes the waste material to complete a single discharge; the light grating 85 is a safety barrier that detects whether there are people or foreign objects in the area of ​​the push plate 84, and stops when triggered.

[0068] In some embodiments, a backup compression module 2 is also included. The backup compression module 2 is provided with a frame 21 and a compression device 22, an extruder 23 and a backup electrical control box 24 respectively connected to the frame 21. The backup electrical control box 24 is connected to the control module, and the compression device 22 and the extruder 23 are connected to the backup electrical control box 24 for use during maintenance and repair.

[0069] In this embodiment, this module does not need to be started when the whole machine is running normally. It will only be activated when the other modules need maintenance or repair. The compression device 22 and extruder 23 are configured the same as the pre-compression unit and the compression unit, and are only used as backups.

[0070] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A central negative pressure treatment device for waste and dust, characterized in that, It includes a control module (1) and a central negative pressure collection unit, a cyclone separation unit, an unloading unit, a conveying unit, a pre-compression unit, a compression unit and a palletizing unit connected to the control module (1) and arranged in sequence; During processing, the central negative pressure collection unit connects to the production equipment to centrally collect mixed waste. The mixed waste then enters the corresponding cyclone separation unit. Solid waste is discharged from the bottom, while the airflow containing fine dust is discharged from the top for deep purification at the back end. The separated solid waste falls into the unloading unit and is discharged from the unloading unit before falling into the conveying unit. The waste is then centrally transported to the pre-compression unit for conveying and initial compression. The pre-compressed waste is then sent to the compression unit, where it is compressed into high-density, regular blocks of a predetermined shape and pushed out. The stacking unit grabs the regular blocks and automatically stacks them according to a preset program. When the stacking height triggers a full material signal, the system alarms and pauses. After the operator is replaced, the system automatically resumes operation and enters the next work cycle.

2. The waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central negative pressure collection unit uses multiple dust collectors as the main power source, and the cyclone separation unit is equipped with multiple cyclone separators (3). The central negative pressure collection unit connects multiple cyclone separators (3) in series through the main negative pressure pipeline.

3. The waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cyclone separator (3) is provided with a negative pressure air outlet (31), an anemometer (32), a back-blowing screen (33), a waste inlet (34), a maintenance port (35), a cyclone separator (3) frame, a through-beam switch (37), and a discharge port (38). The negative pressure air outlet (31) is located at the top of the cyclone separator (3) frame, the waste inlet (34) is located on the top side of the cyclone separator (3) frame, the anemometer (32) and the back-blowing screen (33) are located at the top of the cyclone separator (3) frame, the maintenance port (35) and the through-beam switch (37) are respectively installed on the cyclone separator (3) frame, and the discharge port (38) is located at the bottom of the cyclone separator (3) frame.

4. The waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The discharge valve unit adopts an eight-blade rotary discharge valve (4), which is installed between the discharge port (76) of the cyclone separator (3) and the conveying unit. The rotary discharge valve (4) includes an impeller (41), a seated bearing (42), a first motor (43), a first reducer (44), an impeller (41) cover, a first proximity switch (46), a first coupling (47), and a maintenance port baffle (48). The first reducer (44) is connected to the first motor (43) and the first coupling (47) respectively. The impeller (41) is rotatably mounted on the seated bearing (42) and connected to the first coupling (47). The proximity switch is located near the end of the impeller (41) away from the seated bearing (42). The maintenance port baffle (48) is located on one side of the impeller (41).

5. The waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conveying device unit uses a chain conveyor (5) to horizontally convey solid waste to the pre-compression unit. The chain conveyor (5) includes a metal chain conveyor (51), an inlet (52), a second motor (53), a second reducer (54), a drive shaft (55), a support bracket (56), a first observation window (57), and a control box (58). The control box (58) is connected to the control module (1). The metal chain conveyor (51) and the control box (58) are respectively located in the pre-compression unit. The control box (58) is connected to the control module (1) on the support bracket (56), the second reducer (54) is connected to the second motor (53) and the drive shaft (55), the drive shaft (55) is connected to the metal chain plate line (51), the feed port (52) is located above the metal chain plate line (51), and the number of feed ports (52) matches the number of rotary unloading valves (4). The first observation window (57) is located on the side of the metal chain plate line (51).

6. The waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pre-compression unit adopts a screw conveyor mechanism (6), which includes a closed feeding hopper (61), a pre-compression chamber (62), a photoelectric sensor (63), a supply chamber (64), a twin-screw conveyor shaft (65), a gear (66), a third motor (67), and a third reducer (68) to achieve preliminary compression and dynamic sealing of waste materials. The photoelectric sensor (63) is located in the closed feeding hopper (61), and the supply chamber (64) is located at the bottom of the closed feeding hopper (61). The supply chamber (64) is connected to the pre-compression chamber (62) and is used to dock with the compression unit. The twin-screw conveyor shaft (65) is installed in the supply chamber (64) and connected to the gear (66). The third reducer (68) is connected to the third motor (67) and the gear (66) respectively.

7. The waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The compression unit adopts an electric-driven linear compression mechanism (7). The electric-driven linear compression mechanism (7) includes an electric cylinder system (71), a second proximity switch (72), a second observation window (73), a feed port (74), a gate valve (75), and a discharge port (76). The electric cylinder system (71) is used to apply high pressure to the pre-compressed waste material for compression molding. The second proximity switch (72) is located at the front end of the electric cylinder system (71). The second observation window (73) is located above the front end of the electric cylinder system (71). The feed port (74) is located on the side of the front end of the electric cylinder system (71). The discharge port (76) is located at the front end of the electric cylinder system (71) and in front of the feed port (74). The gate valve (75) is located at the discharge port (76).

8. The waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The palletizing unit employs a cylinder handling mechanism (8), which includes a handling cylinder (81), a positioning sensor (82), a clamping plate (83), a pusher plate (84), and a grating (85) to achieve automatic stacking of compressed blocks. The handling cylinder (81) and the pusher plate (84) are located near the discharge port (76) of the compression unit. The clamping plate (83) is located on the opposite side of the pusher plate (84), and the grating (85) is located on one side between the clamping plate (83) and the pusher plate (84).

9. The waste and dust central negative pressure treatment equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a backup compression module (2), which is provided with a frame (21) and a compression device (22), an extruder (23) and a backup electrical control box (24) respectively connected to the frame (21). The backup electrical control box (24) is connected to the control module (1), and the compression device (22) and the extruder (23) are connected to the backup electrical control box (24) for use during maintenance and repair.

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