Porous extrusion equipment with adjustable particle size

Abstract

The invention discloses particle size adjustable porous extrusion equipment, and relates to the technical field of plastic processing, the particle size adjustable porous extrusion equipment comprises a material conveying pipe and a water tank, the end part of the material conveying pipe is located in the water tank, and an end cover is mounted at the end part of the material conveying pipe; and a plurality of square discharge holes are uniformly formed in the end cover along the circumferential direction of the conveying pipe. Limiting blocks are fixedly installed at the positions, corresponding to the discharging ports, of the outer side of the end cover, first sliding plates attached to the limiting blocks are installed on the end cover in a sliding mode, and second sliding plates are installed on the inner sides of the limiting blocks in a sliding mode. A third sliding plate is slidably mounted on the end cover, one end of the third sliding plate is attached to the second sliding plate, and one end of the first sliding plate is attached to the third sliding plate. According to the invention, the thickness of the extruded material can be adjusted by rotating the screw rod, the end cover does not need to be replaced, water in the water tank does not need to be emptied, and the sealing performance of the end cover is ensured while the operation convenience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plastic processing technology, specifically to a porous extrusion device with adjustable particle size. Background Technology

[0002] The most common method for recycling waste plastics is physical recycling. This involves washing the waste plastic, heating it to a molten state, and then extruding it through an extruder. The extruded material is then granulated to produce recycled plastic pellets. These pellets are then reused as raw materials to manufacture new plastic products, such as packaging materials and building templates. Extruders often employ a screw conveyor structure to transport the molten plastic to the die. Under pressure, the molten plastic is shaped at the die to form an extruded material of a predetermined form.

[0003] For example, Chinese Utility Model Publication No. CN221292198U discloses an anti-clogging extruder for plastics. This device, through the coordinated use of a hopper, inclined plates, a feeding impeller, and a servo motor, ensures that during operation, the plastic raw material to be fed into the twin-screw extruder is positioned above the inclined plates in the hopper. The servo motor, through its drive shaft, rotates the feeding impeller, causing the material in the hopper to fall through the gap between the two sets of inclined plates, thus preventing clogging. Another example is a recycling extruder for waste plastics disclosed in Chinese Utility Model Publication No. CN217073292U. This device pre-crushes waste plastics, preventing large-volume waste plastics from directly entering the barrel and causing incomplete plasticizing, thereby ensuring the quality and efficiency of recycled waste plastic products. Furthermore, after product molding, it can separate the products, preventing them from sticking together.

[0004] Extruders in the prior art, including the aforementioned patents, have a fixed die size. However, the required plastic particle size often varies between different production batches, and adjusting the extruded particle size can only be achieved by changing dies of different sizes. For underwater extruders commonly used in industry, to prevent water from entering the extruder when changing the die, the water in the tank must be emptied, and then refilled after the die change. This method is not only water-intensive and cumbersome, but frequent die changes can also negatively impact the die's sealing performance. Therefore, how to improve existing extruders to adjust the extruded particle size without disassembling and changing the die is a problem that those skilled in the art need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a porous extrusion device with adjustable particle size to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-hole extrusion device with adjustable particle size, comprising a feed pipe and a water tank, wherein the end of the feed pipe is located within the water tank and an end cap is installed at the end of the feed pipe; the end cap has a plurality of square discharge ports evenly distributed along the circumference of the feed pipe. A limiting block is fixedly installed on the outer side of the end cap corresponding to the position of each discharge port; a first sliding plate that slidably fits against the limiting block is slidably installed on the end cap; a second sliding plate is slidably installed on the inner side of the limiting block; a third sliding plate is slidably installed on the end cap, one end of the third sliding plate fitting against the second sliding plate, and one end of the first sliding plate fitting against the third sliding plate.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the limiting block is L-shaped, comprising a first segment and a second segment, wherein the first sliding plate is attached to the end of the first segment and parallel to the second segment; the first segment and the second segment are respectively parallel to two adjacent edges of the discharge port.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second slide plate is parallel to the first slide plate and its end is in contact with the first segment, and an elastic element is connected between the second slide plate and the second segment.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the third slide plate is parallel to the first segment, and the sliding path of the third slide plate relative to the end cap forms a 45° angle with the first slide plate.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a coaxial ring is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the end cap, and a slanted groove is provided on the ring corresponding to the position of each discharge port. A round pin that cooperates with the slanted groove is installed at the end of the first slide plate.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a support plate is fixedly installed on the ring, and a screw is installed on the end cap by means of a threaded connection, with a ball attached to the end of the screw that fits against the support plate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end cap is equipped with a bearing that cooperates with the conveying shaft inside the conveying pipe. A rotating wheel is fixedly installed on the conveying shaft. Several knife grooves are evenly opened on the rotating wheel along the circumference. A knife handle is installed in the knife groove and a blade is installed on the knife handle.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tool holder slides along the axial direction of the rotating wheel with the tool groove, and a metal spring is connected between the tool holder and the inner end face of the tool groove.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rigid arm is fixedly mounted on the handle, and a roller is rotatably mounted on the end of the rigid arm; an annular plate coaxial with the end cap is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the end cap; the roller is in contact with the end face of the annular plate, and the annular plate has spaced protrusions and recesses.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blade has a rectangular slot, and a rectangular plate corresponding to the position of the slot is rotatably mounted on the surface of the blade facing away from the end cap.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the present invention provides a multi-hole extrusion device with adjustable particle size. When the first slide moves, it can drive the second and third slides to move synchronously, affecting the size of the discharge area composed of the first slide, the second slide, the third slide and the first section on the limiting block. That is, the thickness of the extruded material can be adjusted by rotating the screw. There is no need to replace the end cap or empty the water tank, which improves the convenience of operation and ensures the sealing performance of the end cap. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustable-size porous extrusion device in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the end cap and discharge port in the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the limiting block, the first sliding plate, the second sliding plate, and the third sliding plate in the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the discharge port and the actual discharge area in the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the knife handle, blade, and metal spring in the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the annular plate and the rigid arm in the embodiment.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 1. Feed pipe; 2. Water tank; 3. End cap; 301. Discharge port; 4. Limiting block; 401. First section; 402. Second section; 5. First sliding plate; 6. Second sliding plate; 7. Third sliding plate; 8. Elastic element; 9. Ring; 901. Inclined groove; 10. Round pin; 11. Support plate; 12. Screw; 13. Rotary wheel; 14. Knife handle; 15. Blade; 16. Metal spring; 17. Rigid arm; 18. Roller; 19. Annular plate; 1901. Protruding part; 1902. Recessed part; 20. Rectangular plate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-hole extrusion device with adjustable particle size, including a feed pipe 1 and a water tank 2. The end of the feed pipe 1 is located inside the water tank 2. A conveying shaft and a spiral blade are installed inside the feed pipe 1. The conveying shaft is driven by an external motor. A feed inlet is opened at the top of the feed pipe 1. Molten waste plastic enters the feed pipe 1 through the feed inlet and is conveyed axially along the feed pipe 1 by the spiral blade. An end cap 3 is installed at the end of the feed pipe 1. Several square discharge ports 301 are evenly opened on the end cap 3 around the circumference of the feed pipe 1. The molten waste plastic in the feed pipe 1 is extruded from the discharge ports 301 and enters the water tank 2, where it exchanges heat with the water in the water tank 2, thereby rapidly cooling and shaping.

[0029] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a limiting block 4 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the end cap 3 at the position corresponding to each discharge port 301. The limiting block 4 is L-shaped and includes a first segment 401 and a second segment 402. The first segment 401 and the second segment 402 are parallel to two adjacent edges of the discharge port 301, respectively. A first sliding plate 5 is slidably installed on the end cap 3, which is in contact with the limiting block 4. One side edge of the first segment 401 and one side edge of the first sliding plate 5 are flush with two adjacent edges of the discharge port 301, respectively. The first sliding plate 5 is in contact with the end of the first segment 401 and is parallel to the second segment 402. A second sliding plate 6 is slidably installed on the inner side of the limiting block 4. The second sliding plate 6 is parallel to the first sliding plate 5 and its end is in contact with the first segment 401. An elastic element 8 connects the second sliding plate 6 and the second segment 402. A third sliding plate 7 is slidably installed on the end cap 3. One end of the third sliding plate 7 is in contact with the second sliding plate 6, and one end of the first sliding plate 5 is in contact with the third sliding plate 7. The third slide plate 7 is parallel to the first segment 401, and the sliding path of the third slide plate 7 relative to the end cap 3 forms a 45° angle with the first slide plate 5.

[0030] Specifically, the first slide plate 5, the second slide plate 6, the third slide plate 7, and the first section 401 together form a rectangular discharge area, the area of ​​which does not exceed the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge port 301. The actual thickness of the molten plastic extruded from the discharge port 301 after passing through the discharge area is the same as the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge area. In the initial state, with Figure 5 For example, the upper right apex of the discharge area coincides with the upper right apex of the discharge port 301. As the first slide plate 5 descends, it pushes the third slide plate 7 to tilt and descend, while the third slide plate 7 pushes the second slide plate 6 to the left, compressing the elastic element 8. The area of ​​the discharge area formed by the first slide plate 5, the second slide plate 6, the third slide plate 7, and the first section 401 increases, and the extruded material becomes thicker. After the first slide plate 5 rises, as the elastic element 8 returns to its original position, the second slide plate 6 and the third slide plate 7 also gradually return to their original positions, and the area of ​​the discharge area shrinks. Thus, by simply controlling the position of the first slide plate 5 relative to the end cap 3, the size of each discharge area can be adjusted, thereby controlling the thickness of the extruded material.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, a coaxial ring 9 is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the end cap 3. A groove 901 is formed on the ring 9 corresponding to each discharge port 301. A pin 10, engaging with the groove 901, is mounted at the end of the first sliding plate 5. A support plate 11 is fixedly mounted on the ring 9. A screw 12 is threaded onto the end cap 3, with a ball at the end of the screw 12 that fits against the support plate 11. The operator can rotate the support plate 11 and the ring 9 by adjusting the screw 12. When the ring 9 rotates, the force generated between the groove 901 and the pin 10 causes the pin 10 and the first sliding plate 5 to move relative to the end cap 3, thereby adjusting the size of the discharge area.

[0032] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the end cap 3 is equipped with a bearing that mates with the conveying shaft inside the conveying pipe 1. A rotating wheel 13 is fixedly mounted on the conveying shaft, and the rotating wheel 13 rotates synchronously when the conveying shaft rotates. Several uniformly spaced cutter grooves 1301 are formed along the circumference of the rotating wheel 13. A cutter handle 14 is installed within each cutter groove 1301, and a blade 15 is mounted on the cutter handle 14. The cutter handle 14 slides along the axial direction of the rotating wheel 13 with the cutter groove 1301, and a metal spring 16 connects the cutter handle 14 and the inner end face of the cutter groove 1301. A rigid arm 17 is fixedly mounted on the cutter handle 14, and a roller 18 is rotatably mounted at the end of the rigid arm 17. An annular plate 19, coaxial with the end cap 3, is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the end cap 3. The roller 18 is in contact with the end face of the annular plate 19, which has spaced protrusions 1901 and recesses 1902.

[0033] Specifically, during operation, the rotary wheel 13 drives the cutter handle 14 and the blade 15 to rotate synchronously, cutting the extruded material and turning the continuous extruded material into short strips or granules. In the traditional extrusion cutting process, the cut plastic granules rise to the surface under buoyancy. During the rise, some plastic granules easily come into contact with the rotating blade 15 above them and are cut again, resulting in uneven size of the finished plastic granules. In this embodiment, due to the combined action of the annular plate 19 and the metal spring 16, the cutter handle 14, blade 15, rigid arm 17, and roller 18 continuously move axially relative to the end cap 3 during the rotational cutting process. When the roller 18 rolls to the corresponding recessed portion 1902, the blade 15 is closest to the end cap 3; when the roller 18 rolls to the corresponding protruding portion 1901, the blade 15 is furthest from the end cap 3. When the blade 15 is close to the discharge area, it is relatively close to the end cap 3; after cutting, it gradually moves away from the end cap 3. As the blade 15 moves away from the end cap 3, it pushes the cut plastic particles away from the end cap 3. While the plastic particles rise under buoyancy, they are also propelled away from the end cap 3 by the water flow propelled by the blade 15, meaning the plastic particles escape the area where the blade 15 is located in the horizontal direction. This significantly reduces the probability of the plastic particles coming into contact with other blades 15 during their ascent after separating from the blade 15. In summary, the blade 15 in this embodiment not only cuts the extruded material but also pushes the cut plastic particles, reducing the possibility of the plastic particles being cut again.

[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, the blade 15 has a rectangular slot, and a rectangular plate 20 corresponding to the slot is rotatably mounted on the surface of the blade 15 facing away from the end cap 3. When the rectangular plate 20 is in contact with the blade 15, it acts as a barrier to the slot, allowing only a very small amount of water to pass through. The maximum angle between the rectangular plate 20 and the blade 15 does not exceed 30°; when they are separated, water can pass through the slot. Specifically, as the blade 15 moves away from the end cap 3, the rectangular plate 20 is pressed against the blade 15 by the resistance of the water, and the two together push the water and plastic particles away from the end cap 3. As the blade 15 approaches the end cap 3, the rectangular plate 20 rotates under the thrust of the water and separates from the blade 15, allowing water to pass through the slot. This reduces the return resistance of the blade 15 and the rectangular plate 20, improving the service life of the metal spring 16, and also reduces the backflow of water in the axial direction of the end cap 3. As the rotating wheel 13 drives the handle 14 and the blade 15 to rotate continuously, the blade 15 will intermittently push the water away from the end cap 3, thereby promoting the heat exchange of the water near the end cap 3 and increasing the cooling and shaping speed of the plastic particles.

[0035] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-hole extrusion device with adjustable particle size, comprising a feed pipe (1) and a water tank (2), wherein the end of the feed pipe (1) is located inside the water tank (2), and an end cap (3) is installed at the end of the feed pipe (1); the end cap (3) is provided with a plurality of square discharge ports (301) evenly distributed along the circumference of the feed pipe (1), characterized in that, A limiting block (4) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the end cap (3) corresponding to each discharge port (301). A first sliding plate (5) that fits against the limiting block (4) is slidably installed on the end cap (3). A second sliding plate (6) is slidably installed on the inner side of the limiting block (4). A third sliding plate (7) is slidably installed on the end cap (3). One end of the third sliding plate (7) fits against the second sliding plate (6), and one end of the first sliding plate (5) fits against the third sliding plate (7).

2. The adjustable-particle-size porous extrusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting block (4) is L-shaped and includes a first segment (401) and a second segment (402). The first sliding plate (5) is attached to the end of the first segment (401) and parallel to the second segment (402). The first segment (401) and the second segment (402) are respectively parallel to two adjacent edges of the discharge port (301).

3. The adjustable-particle-size porous extrusion device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second slide (6) is parallel to the first slide (5) and its end is in contact with the first segment (401). An elastic element (8) is connected between the second slide (6) and the second segment (402).

4. The adjustable-particle-size porous extrusion device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third slide plate (7) is parallel to the first segment (401), and the sliding path of the third slide plate (7) relative to the end cap (3) forms a 45° angle with the first slide plate (5).

5. The adjustable-particle-size porous extrusion device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end cap (3) has a ring (9) rotatably mounted on its outer surface. The ring (9) has a groove (901) corresponding to each discharge port (301). The end of the first slide plate (5) is equipped with a round pin (10) that cooperates with the groove (901).

6. The adjustable-particle-size porous extrusion device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A support plate (11) is fixedly installed on the ring (9), and a screw (12) is installed on the end cap (3) by threaded connection. A ball that fits against the support plate (11) is installed at the end of the screw (12).

7. The adjustable particle size porous extrusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end cap (3) is equipped with a bearing that cooperates with the conveying shaft inside the conveying pipe (1). A rotating wheel (13) is fixedly installed on the conveying shaft. Several knife grooves (1301) are evenly opened along the circumference on the rotating wheel (13). A knife handle (14) is installed in the knife groove (1301), and a blade (15) is installed on the knife handle (14).

8. The adjustable-particle-size porous extrusion device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The handle (14) slides along the axial direction of the wheel (13) with the groove (1301), and a metal spring (16) is connected between the handle (14) and the inner end face of the groove (1301).

9. The adjustable-particle-size porous extrusion device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A rigid arm (17) is fixedly installed on the handle (14), and a roller (18) is rotatably installed at the end of the rigid arm (17); an annular plate (19) coaxial with it is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the end cover (3); the roller (18) is in contact with the end face of the annular plate (19), and the annular plate (19) has a spaced protrusion (1901) and a recess (1902).

10. The adjustable-particle-size porous extrusion device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The blade (15) has a rectangular slot, and a rectangular plate (20) corresponding to the position of the slot is rotatably mounted on the surface of the blade (15) facing away from the end cap (3).

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