Hydraulic separator and hydraulic separation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic separator and a hydraulic separation system, and relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, the hydraulic separator comprises a shell, the inner wall of the shell is a revolution surface, the shell is provided with a sludge inlet, the sludge inlet is arranged along the tangential direction of the side wall of the shell, the upper end of the shell is provided with an upper discharge port, and the lower end of the shell is provided with a lower discharge port; a plurality of laminates are arranged in the shell, the laminates are located below the sludge inlet and the upper discharge port and are located above the lower discharge port, a gap is formed between every two adjacent laminates, and liquid entering the shell can flow through the gaps from top to bottom. When flowing through the intervals of the laminates, liquid flow is in a stable laminar flow state in the narrow intervals, interference of water flow turbulence on particle sedimentation can be reduced, sedimentation of inorganic matter particles is promoted, and the separation effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to a hydraulic separator and a hydraulic separation system. Background Technology

[0002] Activated sludge treatment, as a traditional core technology for wastewater treatment, relies heavily on the formation of microbial flocs with excellent settling and adsorption properties within the biological reactor for its efficient and stable operation. In actual operation, maintaining good sludge activity and concentration within the biological reactor is a prerequisite for ensuring treatment effectiveness.

[0003] MLSS (Mixed liquor suspended solids concentration): also known as mixed liquor sludge concentration, it represents the concentration of activated sludge in the mixed liquor, including active microorganisms, microbial self-oxidation residues, non-decomposable organic matter and inorganic matter.

[0004] MLVSS (Mixed liquor volatile suspended solids concentration): This represents the concentration of the organic components in activated sludge, including active microorganisms, microbial self-oxidation residues, and non-degradable organic matter. It is the source of the activity of activated sludge.

[0005] An empirical indicator for wastewater treatment plant operation is the ratio of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) to mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), with an ideal range typically between 0.7 and 0.8. Currently, most wastewater treatment plants struggle to maintain this ideal ratio consistently in actual operation, often due to insufficient sludge activity and the accumulation of inorganic components, resulting in a low MLVSS / MLSS ratio, indicating a reduction in the content of active components. To address this problem, traditional operating strategies often force the increase of sludge concentration (MLSS) to compensate for the insufficient active components. This directly leads to: increased demand for bioreactor volume, increased equipment capacity, higher operating costs and energy consumption, excessively high inorganic content in the mixed liquor sludge of the bioreactor, and increased carbon emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulic separator and hydraulic separation system, which aims to solve the problem of reduced active components in activated sludge.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a hydraulic separator, including a shell, the inner wall of which is a rotating surface, a sludge inlet on the shell, the sludge inlet being arranged tangentially along the side wall of the shell, an upper discharge port at the upper end of the shell, and a lower discharge port at the lower end of the shell.

[0008] The shell is provided with several layers, which are located below the sludge inlet and the upper discharge port and above the lower discharge port. There is a gap between two adjacent layers, and the liquid entering the shell can flow through the gap from top to bottom.

[0009] The activated sludge mixture enters the shell tangentially through the sludge inlet, forming a swirling flow. Lighter active components overflow from the upper outlet, while heavier inorganic components settle downwards and are discharged from the lower outlet. As the liquid flows through the gaps between the plates, it exhibits a stable laminar flow within the narrow intervals, reducing the interference of turbulence on particle settling, promoting the settling of inorganic particles, and improving separation efficiency. This increases the proportion of active components in the sludge, i.e., increases the MLVSS / MLSS value. Therefore, without increasing the activated sludge concentration, the content of active components in the biological reactor can be increased. This solves the drawbacks of relying on increasing activated sludge concentration, such as increased bioreactor volume requirements, increased equipment capacity, increased operating costs and energy consumption, excessively high inorganic content in the mixed sludge of the bioreactor, and increased carbon emissions.

[0010] Preferably, the shell is provided with a gas inlet, which is arranged tangentially along the side wall of the shell. The gas swirling flow entering the shell through the gas inlet has the same swirling direction as the liquid swirling flow entering the shell through the sludge inlet.

[0011] The gas inlet is set tangentially, and the introduction of air further enhances the swirling intensity of the liquid flow inside the shell, thereby improving the separation efficiency of organic and inorganic substances.

[0012] Preferably, the shell is composed of a straight cylindrical section and a tapered section, the tapered section being connected to the lower end of the straight cylindrical section, and the diameter of the tapered section gradually decreasing from top to bottom;

[0013] The sludge inlet is located on the side wall of the straight section, the upper discharge port is located at the upper end of the straight section, and the lower discharge port is located at the lower end of the tapering section.

[0014] The shelf is located in the lowermost quarter region of the straight section.

[0015] The straight section is used for separation, while the tapered section facilitates material collection and discharge. Since the swirling velocity is highest in the upper part of the straight section, centrifugal separation mainly occurs in the upper middle region of the straight section. The swirling velocity in the lower quarter of the straight section is significantly reduced, and the centrifugal separation effect is basically lost. The shelf is set in this region. On the one hand, it will not interfere with the swirling separation effect in the upper part of the straight section. On the other hand, when the liquid flows through the gap of the shelf, it changes from swirling to stable laminar flow, which promotes the sedimentation of inorganic particles.

[0016] A second aspect of the present invention provides a hydraulic separation system, comprising a primary hydraulic separator, a sludge inlet box, a sludge inlet pump, and a pipeline system, wherein the primary hydraulic separator is the hydraulic separator described in any one of the first aspects, and the pipeline system comprises a first sludge inlet pipe, a first upper outlet pipe, and a first lower outlet pipe;

[0017] The inlet end of the sludge pump is connected to the sludge inlet box, the inlet end of the first sludge inlet pipe is connected to the outlet end of the sludge pump, the outlet end of the first sludge inlet pipe is connected to the sludge inlet of the first-stage hydraulic separator, the inlet end of the first upper discharge pipe is connected to the upper discharge port of the first-stage hydraulic separator, and the inlet end of the first lower discharge pipe is connected to the lower discharge port of the first-stage hydraulic separator.

[0018] This hydraulic separation system achieves continuous and controllable sludge transport and separation through the coordinated operation of the sludge inlet box, sludge pump and pipeline system. The system has a compact structure and is easy to operate.

[0019] Preferably, the system further includes a secondary hydraulic separator and an intermediate sludge pump, wherein the secondary hydraulic separator is the hydraulic separator described in any one of the first aspects, and the pipeline system further includes a second sludge inlet pipe, a second upper drain pipe, and a second lower drain pipe;

[0020] The inlet end of the second sludge inlet pipe is connected to the outlet end of the intermediate sludge pump, and the outlet end of the second sludge inlet pipe is connected to the sludge inlet of the secondary hydraulic separator. The intermediate sludge pump is used to pump the sludge discharged from the outlet end of the first upper discharge pipe into the housing of the secondary hydraulic separator through the second sludge inlet pipe. The inlet end of the second upper discharge pipe is connected to the upper discharge port of the secondary hydraulic separator, and the inlet end of the second lower discharge pipe is connected to the lower discharge port of the secondary hydraulic separator.

[0021] The two-stage hydraulic separators operate in series to achieve progressive concentration of active components in the sludge; the intermediate sludge pump ensures the feed pressure and stability of the secondary separator.

[0022] Preferably, it further includes an intermediate mud tank, a dosing pump, and a dosing pipe, wherein the outlet end of the first upper drain pipe is connected to the intermediate mud tank, and the inlet end of the intermediate mud pump is connected to the intermediate mud tank.

[0023] The inlet end of the dosing pipe is connected to the outlet end of the dosing pump, and the outlet end of the dosing pipe is connected to the intermediate mud box. The dosing pipe is equipped with a regulating valve and a flow meter.

[0024] An online SVI measuring instrument is installed on the first upper pipe, and the online SVI measuring instrument is used to control the amount of chemicals injected by the dosing pump into the intermediate mud box.

[0025] The online SVI analyzer can quickly measure the sludge volume index (SVI) of the sludge mixture discharged from the top outlet of the primary hydraulic separator. This index is an important indicator used in activated sludge wastewater treatment processes to evaluate the settling and flocculation performance of activated sludge. The results of the online SVI analyzer serve as the basis for controlling the dosage of the dosing pump, enabling precise dosing of chemicals.

[0026] Preferably, the first upper drain pipe also has a branch end, and a reversing valve is installed on the first upper drain pipe. By switching the reversing valve, the sludge in the first upper drain pipe can be discharged from the outlet end of the first upper drain pipe or from the branch end of the first upper drain pipe.

[0027] By setting a branch end and a reversing valve for the first upper discharge pipe, the sludge discharged from the upper discharge port of the first-stage hydraulic separator can be flexibly selected to either flow directly back to the biological system through the branch end or enter the intermediate sludge tank for further treatment through the outlet end, based on the sludge quality feedback from the SVI online measuring instrument, thereby improving the system's process flexibility and adaptability.

[0028] Preferably, the intermediate mud box is provided with a sampling tube, and the sampling tube is equipped with a switch valve.

[0029] The sampling tube facilitates operators to take samples to conduct more comprehensive and accurate testing of parameters such as MLVSS / MLSS, SVI, fine sand particle size and content, inorganic matter concentration, and flocculation state of the sludge in the intermediate sludge tank, thereby enhancing the system's monitorability and human intervention capabilities.

[0030] Preferably, it further includes a fan, a first air supply pipe and a second air supply pipe, wherein the air inlet end of the first air supply pipe is connected to the air outlet end of the fan, the air outlet end of the first air supply pipe is connected to the gas inlet of the first-stage hydraulic separator, the air inlet end of the second air supply pipe is connected to the air outlet end of the fan, and the air outlet end of the second air supply pipe is connected to the gas inlet of the second-stage hydraulic separator.

[0031] Both the first and second air supply pipes are equipped with regulating valves and flow meters.

[0032] The blower and air supply pipe introduce air swirling flow into the hydraulic separator housing through the gas inlet, which is in the same direction as the liquid swirling flow, thereby increasing the swirling speed of the liquid flow and improving the separation effect. The regulating valve and flow meter can be used to control the gas volume and flow rate, thereby improving the separation efficiency while reducing energy consumption, enhancing the system's control flexibility and energy-saving effect.

[0033] Preferably, a switch valve is installed on the first mud inlet pipe;

[0034] A regulating valve is installed on the first upper pipe, the first lower pipe, the second mud inlet pipe, the second upper pipe, and the second lower pipe;

[0035] Flow meters are installed on the first mud inlet pipe, the first upper discharge pipe, the second mud inlet pipe, and the second upper discharge pipe.

[0036] Switch valves are used to control the opening and closing of pipelines, regulating valves are used to regulate the flow rate of pipelines, and flow meters are used to provide feedback on the flow rate of pipelines, thereby enabling the monitoring and control of sludge inflow, sludge discharge, and air inflow, and ensuring the stable operation of the system under different working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic separator of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic separation system of the present invention.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] Shell 1, sludge inlet 2, upper outlet 3, lower outlet 4, shelf 5, gas inlet 6, straight section 7, tapered section 8, primary hydraulic separator 9, sludge inlet box 10, sludge inlet pump 11, first sludge inlet pipe 12, first upper outlet pipe 13, first lower outlet pipe 14, secondary hydraulic separator 15, intermediate sludge pump 16, second sludge inlet pipe 17, second upper outlet pipe 18, second lower outlet pipe 19, intermediate sludge box 20, dosing pump 21, dosing pipe 22, stirring shaft 23, stirring blade 24, vent pipe 25, vent valve 26, reversing valve 27, SVI online measuring instrument 28, sampling pipe 29, switch valve 30, blower 31, first air supply pipe 32, second air supply pipe 33, regulating valve 34, flow meter 35. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] The following provides some embodiments of the hydraulic separator of the present invention.

[0045] refer to Figure 1In some embodiments, the hydraulic separator includes a housing 1, the inner wall of which is a surface of revolution, which is a curved surface formed by a generatrix rotating around a fixed axis. The housing 1 is provided with a sludge inlet 2, which is tangentially arranged along the side wall of the housing 1. For example, the sludge inlet 2 is located near the upper end of the side wall of the housing 1 and is generally perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1. This can minimize the kinetic energy loss caused by the collision between the liquid flow and the inner wall of the housing 1 when it enters the housing 1. Preferably, multiple sludge inlets 2 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the housing 1. On the one hand, this can increase the upper limit of the feed rate to handle large flow rates of sludge. On the other hand, the momentum of the feed fluid is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, which can more effectively eliminate the velocity difference of the liquid flow in the circumferential direction of the housing 1 and form a more stable vortex.

[0046] After the sludge enters the shell 1 through the tangential sludge inlet 2, it forms a swirling flow along the inner wall of the shell 1 under the action of the initial velocity. The inner wall of the rotating surface makes the swirling flow have low resistance and high stability. The upper end of the shell 1 is provided with an upper discharge port 3, and the lower end of the shell 1 is provided with a lower discharge port 4. Under the action of centrifugal force, the organic active components with a smaller specific gravity in the liquid swirling flow overflow and are discharged from the upper discharge port 3 at the upper end of the shell 1 with the liquid flow, while the inorganic components with a larger specific gravity settle downward and are discharged from the lower discharge port 4 at the lower end of the shell 1, thereby increasing the concentration of active components in the activated sludge discharged from the upper discharge port 3.

[0047] The shell 1 contains several layers 5, which are located below the sludge inlet 2 and the upper discharge port 3, and above the lower discharge port 4. Adjacent layers 5 are spaced apart, allowing liquid entering the shell 1 to flow from top to bottom through these spaces. Optionally, the layers 5 can be vertically arranged or inclined at an angle to the horizontal plane. Regardless of whether the layers 5 are vertical or inclined, the liquid flow through the spaces between the layers 5 reduces turbulence and increases laminar flow, promoting particle settling. When the layers 5 are vertically arranged, the resistance to liquid flow is lower, resulting in higher flow efficiency. However, since the particles are suspended in the liquid before settling to the bottom of the shell 1, they are more easily discharged from the upper discharge port 3 with the overflow. When the layers 5 are inclined, although the resistance to liquid flow increases, the layers 5 provide a settling surface for the particles. The particles settle on the surface of the layers 5 and slide downwards along the layers 5, reducing the proportion of particles discharged from the upper discharge port 3 with the overflow, thus improving the settling effect. Preferably, the layer 5 is inclined, and the angle between the layer 5 and the horizontal plane is between 45 degrees and 75 degrees. For example, the angle between the layer 5 and the horizontal plane is 60 degrees. The layer 5 at this angle can provide a settling surface for particles without significantly increasing the flow resistance.

[0048] In some embodiments, the housing 1 is provided with a gas inlet 6, which is tangentially arranged along the side wall of the housing 1. The gas vortex entering the housing 1 through the gas inlet 6 has the same vortex direction as the liquid vortex entering the housing 1 through the sludge inlet 2. Exemplarily, the gas inlet 6 is located on the side wall of the housing 1 and is generally perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1. The vortex formed after the airflow enters the housing 1 is consistent with the liquid vortex, increasing the speed of the liquid vortex and thus improving the separation effect. Optionally, the gas inlet 6 and the sludge inlet 2 are located at different circumferential positions at the same height of the housing 1, i.e., the gas inlet 6 and the sludge inlet 2 are arranged circumferentially at intervals along the housing 1; or, the gas inlet 6 and the sludge inlet 2 are located at different heights of the housing 1, i.e., the gas inlet 6 and the sludge inlet 2 are arranged axially at intervals along the housing 1; or, the gas inlet 6 and the sludge inlet 2 are spaced apart both circumferentially and axially along the housing 1.

[0049] Furthermore, multiple gas inlets 6 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the shell 1, providing multi-stage assistance for the liquid vortex and making the flow velocity distribution of the liquid vortex more uniform along the circumference of the shell 1, thereby forming a stable liquid vortex. For example, when multiple sludge inlets 2 and gas inlets 6 are provided, the number of gas inlets 6 is the same as the number of sludge inlets 2, and the gas inlets 6 and sludge inlets 2 are set at the same height in the axial direction of the shell 1, alternating in the circumferential direction of the shell 1, that is, one gas inlet 6 is provided between every two sludge inlets 2; or, the gas inlets 6 and sludge inlets 2 are set at different heights in the axial direction of the shell 1, and the gas inlets 6 and sludge inlets 2 can be vertically aligned or vertically staggered in the axial direction of the shell 1.

[0050] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the housing 1 is composed of a straight cylindrical section 7 and a tapered section 8. The tapered section 8 is connected to the lower end of the straight cylindrical section 7, and the diameter of the tapered section 8 gradually decreases from top to bottom, forming a frustum shape. The sludge inlet 2 is disposed on the side wall of the straight cylindrical section 7, the upper discharge port 3 is disposed at the upper end of the straight cylindrical section 7, and the lower discharge port 4 is disposed at the lower end of the tapered section 8. The straight cylindrical section 7 is used to form a liquid vortex, and the tapered section 8 is used to converge the liquid flow and sedimentation at the lower discharge port. 4; The liquid swirling velocity in the straight section 7 gradually decreases from top to bottom. Centrifugal separation mainly occurs in the upper middle part of the straight section 7. The layer plate 5 is located in the lower quarter region of the straight section 7. The lower part of the straight section 7 and the tapered section 8 mainly involve the natural sedimentation of particles. The layer plate 5 is set in this region so as not to interfere with the swirling separation effect in the upper middle part of the straight section 7. On the other hand, it makes the liquid flow change from swirling to stable laminar flow when it flows through the gap of the layer plate 5, thus promoting the sedimentation of inorganic particles.

[0051] The following provides some embodiments of the hydraulic separation system of the present invention.

[0052] refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the hydraulic separation system includes a primary hydraulic separator 9, a sludge inlet tank 10, a sludge inlet pump 11, and a piping system. The primary hydraulic separator 9 is the hydraulic separator described in any of the above embodiments. The piping system includes a first sludge inlet pipe 12, a first upper discharge pipe 13, and a first lower discharge pipe 14. The inlet end of the sludge inlet pump 11 is connected to the sludge inlet tank 10, the inlet end of the first sludge inlet pipe 12 is connected to the outlet end of the sludge inlet pump 11, and the outlet end of the first sludge inlet pipe 12 is connected to the sludge inlet 2 of the primary hydraulic separator 9. When the sludge inlet pump 11 starts, it pumps the sludge mixture in the sludge inlet tank 10 into the housing 1 of the primary hydraulic separator 9 via the first sludge inlet pipe 12.

[0053] When the primary hydraulic separator 9 has multiple sludge inlets 2, optionally, the first sludge inlet pipe 12 has multiple outlet ends, which are connected one-to-one with the multiple sludge inlets 2 of the primary hydraulic separator 9, and the same sludge inlet pump 11 simultaneously pumps sludge mixture to all sludge inlets 2 of the primary hydraulic separator 9; or, there are multiple first sludge inlet pipes 12 and multiple sludge inlet pumps 11, with one sludge inlet pump 11 and one first sludge inlet pipe 12 corresponding to pumping sludge mixture to one sludge inlet 2 of the primary hydraulic separator 9. Alternatively, one sludge inlet pump 11 pumps sludge mixture to some of the sludge inlets 2 of the primary hydraulic separator 9.

[0054] Optionally, the inlet end of the mud pump 11 can be connected to a preset interface on the mud box 10, or the mud pump 11 can be placed directly in the mud box 10.

[0055] The inlet end of the first upper discharge pipe 13 is connected to the upper discharge port 3 of the primary hydraulic separator 9. The sludge mixture with a high concentration of active components overflowing from the primary hydraulic separator 9 through the upper discharge port 3 is transported through the first upper discharge pipe 13 to the reaction tank of the biological system, or to a downstream treatment device for further processing. The inlet end of the first lower discharge pipe 14 is connected to the lower discharge port 4 of the primary hydraulic separator 9. The settling liquid in the primary hydraulic separator 9 is transported through the first lower discharge pipe 14 to the sludge system.

[0056] In some embodiments, the hydraulic separation system further includes a secondary hydraulic separator 15 and an intermediate sludge pump 16. The secondary hydraulic separator 15 is the hydraulic separator described in any of the above embodiments. The piping system further includes a second sludge inlet pipe 17, a second upper discharge pipe 18, and a second lower discharge pipe 19. The inlet end of the second sludge inlet pipe 17 is connected to the outlet end of the intermediate sludge pump 16, and the outlet end of the second sludge inlet pipe 17 is connected to the sludge inlet 2 of the secondary hydraulic separator 15. The outlet end of the first upper discharge pipe 13 is connected to the inlet end of the intermediate sludge pump 16. When the intermediate sludge pump 16 is started, the sludge discharged from the outlet end of the first upper discharge pipe 13 is pumped through the second sludge inlet pipe 17 into the housing 1 of the secondary hydraulic separator 15.

[0057] When the secondary hydraulic separator 15 has multiple sludge inlets 2, optionally, the second sludge inlet pipe 17 has multiple outlet ends, which are connected one-to-one with the multiple sludge inlets 2 of the secondary hydraulic separator 15, and the sludge mixture is pumped to all sludge inlets 2 of the secondary hydraulic separator 15 simultaneously through the same intermediate sludge pump 16; or, there are multiple second sludge inlet pipes 17 and multiple intermediate sludge pumps 16, with one intermediate sludge pump 16 and one second sludge inlet pipe 17 corresponding to pumping sludge mixture to one sludge inlet 2 of the secondary hydraulic separator 15; or, one intermediate sludge pump 16 pumps sludge mixture to some of the sludge inlets 2 of the secondary hydraulic separator 15.

[0058] Optionally, the inlet end of the intermediate mud pump 16 can be connected to a preset interface on the intermediate mud box 20, or the intermediate mud pump 16 can be placed directly in the intermediate mud box 20.

[0059] The inlet end of the second upper discharge pipe 18 is connected to the upper discharge port 3 of the secondary hydraulic separator 15. The sludge mixture with a high concentration of active components overflowing from the secondary hydraulic separator 15 through the upper discharge port 3 is transported to the reaction tank of the biological system through the second upper discharge pipe 18. The inlet end of the second lower discharge pipe 19 is connected to the lower discharge port 4 of the secondary hydraulic separator 15. The settling liquid in the secondary hydraulic separator 15 is transported to the sludge system through the second lower discharge pipe 19.

[0060] In some embodiments, the hydraulic separation system further includes an intermediate sludge tank 20, a dosing pump 21, and a dosing pipe 22. The outlet end of the first upper discharge pipe 13 is connected to the intermediate sludge tank 20, and the inlet end of the intermediate sludge pump 16 is connected to the intermediate sludge tank 20. The sludge mixture discharged from the upper discharge port 3 of the primary hydraulic separator 9 first enters the intermediate sludge tank 20, and is then pumped by the intermediate sludge pump 16 to the secondary hydraulic separator 15 via the second sludge inlet pipe 17. The inlet end of the dosing pipe 22 is connected to the outlet end of the dosing pump 21, and the outlet end of the dosing pipe 22 is connected to the intermediate sludge tank 20. When the dosing pump 21 is started, it can pump flocculant into the intermediate sludge tank 20 through the dosing pipe 22. The flocculant binds together the tiny sand particles and inorganic suspended matter in the sludge mixture through long polymer chains, forming larger "lump" particles, increasing the particle size and density, making it easier for them to separate and settle in the secondary hydraulic separator.

[0061] Preferably, an agitator shaft 23 is installed on the intermediate sludge tank 20, and an agitator blade 24 is installed on the agitator shaft 23. The agitator shaft 23 and the agitator blade 24 are driven by a motor, and the mixing of flocculant and sludge mixture is promoted by agitation to improve the flocculation effect.

[0062] Preferably, both the mud inlet box 10 and the intermediate mud box 20 are equipped with a drain pipe 25 and a drain valve 26 at the bottom. Opening the drain valve 26 can drain or flush the mud inlet box 10 and the intermediate mud box 20.

[0063] Preferably, the first upper drain pipe 13 also has a branch end, and a reversing valve 27 is installed on the first upper drain pipe 13. By switching the reversing valve 27, the sludge in the first upper drain pipe 13 can be selectively discharged from the outlet end of the first upper drain pipe 13 or from the branch end of the first upper drain pipe 13.

[0064] An online SVI measuring instrument 28 is installed on the first upper discharge pipe 13. The online SVI measuring instrument 28 can quickly measure the sludge volume index (SVI) of the sludge mixture discharged from the upper discharge port 3 of the first-stage hydraulic separator 9. This index is an important indicator used to evaluate the settling and flocculation performance of activated sludge in the activated sludge wastewater treatment process. If the SVI online analyzer 28 measures a value greater than or equal to 80 mL / g and less than or equal to 150 mL / g, it indicates that the sludge quality after treatment by the primary hydraulic separator 9 has met the standards. At this time, the activated sludge discharged from the upper outlet 3 of the primary hydraulic separator 9 is directly transported from the branch end of the first upper outlet pipe 13 to the reaction tank of the biological system through the reversing valve 27, without further treatment by the intermediate sludge tank 20 and the secondary hydraulic separator 15. If the SVI online analyzer 28 measures a value less than 80 mL / g, it indicates that there are still many fine particles in the sludge mixture after treatment by the primary hydraulic separator 9. At this time, flocculant needs to be added to the intermediate sludge tank 20 through the dosing pump 21 to promote the flocculation of fine particles. Specifically, the smaller the SVI measurement value, the larger the dosage. If the SVI online analyzer 28 measures a value greater than 150 mL / g, flocculant does not need to be added, and the sludge in the intermediate sludge tank 20 is directly pumped to the secondary hydraulic separator 15 for treatment. For example, the dosing pipe 22 is equipped with a regulating valve 34 and a flow meter 35. The regulating valve 34 is an electric regulating valve. The measured value of the SVI online measuring instrument is fed back to a PLC controller. The PLC controller compares the measured value with the preset value, and then controls the opening degree of the regulating valve 34 on the dosing pipe 22 according to the comparison result to realize the control of the dosing amount.

[0065] Preferably, an online SVI analyzer 28 is also installed on the second upper drain pipe 18, and the second upper drain pipe 18 also has an outlet end and a branch end. When the measured value of the online SVI analyzer 28 on the second upper drain pipe 18 is greater than or equal to 80 mL / g and less than or equal to 150 mL / g, it indicates that the quality of the sludge treated by the secondary hydraulic separator 15 has met the standard. The activated sludge treated by the secondary hydraulic separator 15 is transported to the reaction tank of the biological system through the outlet end of the second upper drain pipe 18. If the SVI on the second upper drain pipe 18 is within the range of 80 mL / g and 150 mL / g, it indicates that the quality of the sludge treated by the secondary hydraulic separator 15 has met the standard. If the measured value of the line measuring instrument 28 is less than 80 mL / g or greater than 150 mL / g, it indicates that the quality of the sludge after treatment by the secondary hydraulic separator 15 has not met the standard. In this case, the activated sludge after treatment by the secondary hydraulic separator 15 is transported to the sludge inlet box 10 for further treatment through the branch end of the second upper discharge pipe 18. If the standard still cannot be met after two or more cycles, it indicates that the batch of sludge is no longer worth returning to the biological treatment tank. In this case, the sludge after the final treatment by the secondary hydraulic separator 15 is transported to the sludge system for further treatment through the branch end of the second upper discharge pipe 18.

[0066] In some embodiments, the intermediate sludge tank 20 is provided with a sampling tube 29, and a switch valve 30 is installed on the sampling tube 29. When the switch valve 30 is opened, the sludge in the intermediate sludge tank 20 can be sampled through the sampling tube 29. The obtained sludge sample can be used for offline SVI determination, analysis of inorganic matter concentration, and analysis of fine sand particle size and content in the sludge. Compared with the online SVI analyzer 28, the sludge can be detected more comprehensively and accurately through sampling, enhancing the system's monitorability and human intervention capabilities.

[0067] In some embodiments, the hydraulic separation system further includes a fan 31, a first air supply pipe 32, and a second air supply pipe 33. The inlet end of the first air supply pipe 32 is connected to the outlet end of the fan 31, and the outlet end of the first air supply pipe 32 is connected to the gas inlet 6 of the primary hydraulic separator 9. The inlet end of the second air supply pipe 33 is connected to the outlet end of the fan 31, and the outlet end of the second air supply pipe 33 is connected to the gas inlet 6 of the secondary hydraulic separator 15. When the primary hydraulic separator 9 and the secondary hydraulic separator 15 have multiple gas inlets 6, optionally, both the first air supply pipe 32 and the second air supply pipe 33 have multiple outlet ends. The multiple outlet ends of the first air supply pipe 32 are connected one-to-one with the multiple gas inlets 6 of the primary hydraulic separator 9, and the multiple outlet ends of the second air supply pipe 33 are connected one-to-one with the multiple gas inlets 6 of the secondary hydraulic separator 15. The first air supply pipe 32 and the second air supply pipe 33 share a single fan 31, and one fan 31 simultaneously supplies gas to the primary hydraulic separator 9. All gas inlets 6 of the hydraulic separator 9 and the secondary hydraulic separator 15 are pumped with airflow; or, the first air supply pipe 32 and the second air supply pipe 33 are each connected to a fan 31, one fan 31 pumps airflow to all gas inlets 6 of the primary hydraulic separator 9, and the other fan 31 pumps airflow to all gas inlets 6 of the secondary hydraulic separator 15; or, multiple first air supply pipes 32, multiple second air supply pipes 33 and multiple fans 31 are provided, and each fan 31 pumps airflow to one or part of the gas inlets 6.

[0068] Preferably, both the first air supply pipe 32 and the second air supply pipe 33 are equipped with a regulating valve 34 and a flow meter 35. The regulating valve 34 and the flow meter 35 are used to control the air volume and flow rate, thereby improving separation efficiency while reducing energy consumption and enhancing the system's control flexibility and energy-saving effect.

[0069] In some embodiments, a switching valve 30 is installed on the first mud inlet pipe 12 to control the opening and closing of the mud inlet pipe. A regulating valve 34 is installed on each of the first upper discharge pipe 13, the first lower discharge pipe 14, the second mud inlet pipe 17, the second upper discharge pipe 18, and the second lower discharge pipe 19 to control the flow rate of each pipe. A flow meter 35 is installed on each of the first mud inlet pipe 12, the first upper discharge pipe 13, the second mud inlet pipe 17, and the second upper discharge pipe 18 to provide feedback on the flow rate of each pipe. The switching valve 30, the regulating valves 34, and the flow meters 35 enable monitoring and control of mud inlet, mud outlet, and air intake, ensuring stable system operation under different working conditions.

[0070] It should be noted that the hydraulic separator and hydraulic separation system of the present invention can not only be used for the concentration of active components in sludge, but also for other solid-liquid separation equipment. For example, it can also be used as a device for removing fine sand from sewage. Since the grit chamber in sewage treatment is not very effective at treating fine sand with a particle size of less than 200μm, the present invention adopts a tangential water inlet method to enter the high-efficiency hydraulic separator, and forms a faster vortex under the promotion of airflow. The fine sand and water in the sewage are affected by gravity and spiral downward along the separator wall. At the bottom where the vortex weakens, the turbulence is eliminated by the plate, which promotes the sedimentation of sand and gravel, and finally discharged from the bottom outlet. It can effectively remove extremely small sand particles, and the sand removal effect is stable. The sewage with fine sand removed enters the subsequent system, which reduces the wear on equipment (pump impeller, agitator, etc.), improves equipment treatment efficiency, extends equipment service life, and saves energy and reduces consumption.

[0071] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0072] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic separator, characterized in that, Includes a shell (1), the inner wall of the shell (1) is a rotating surface, the shell (1) is provided with a sludge inlet (2), the sludge inlet (2) is arranged tangentially along the side wall of the shell (1), the upper end of the shell (1) is provided with an upper discharge port (3), and the lower end of the shell (1) is provided with a lower discharge port (4). The shell (1) is provided with several layers (5), which are located below the sludge inlet (2) and the upper outlet (3) and above the lower outlet (4). There is a gap between two adjacent layers (5), and the liquid entering the shell (1) can flow through the gap from top to bottom.

2. The hydraulic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell (1) is provided with a gas inlet (6), which is arranged tangentially along the side wall of the shell (1). The gas swirling flow entering the shell (1) through the gas inlet (6) has the same swirling direction as the liquid swirling flow entering the shell (1) through the sludge inlet (2).

3. The hydraulic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the shell (1) is composed of a straight cylindrical section (7) and a tapered section (8). The tapered section (8) is connected to the lower end of the straight cylindrical section (7), and the diameter of the tapered section (8) gradually decreases from top to bottom. The sludge inlet (2) is located on the side wall of the straight section (7), the upper outlet (3) is located at the upper end of the straight section (7), and the lower outlet (4) is located at the lower end of the tapered section (8). The shelf (5) is located in the lowermost quarter region of the straight section (7).

4. A hydraulic separation system, characterized in that, It includes a primary hydraulic separator (9), a sludge inlet box (10), a sludge inlet pump (11), and a piping system. The primary hydraulic separator (9) is the hydraulic separator according to any one of claims 1-3. The piping system includes a first sludge inlet pipe (12), a first upper drain pipe (13), and a first lower drain pipe (14). The inlet end of the sludge pump (11) is connected to the sludge box (10), the inlet end of the first sludge pipe (12) is connected to the outlet end of the sludge pump (11), the outlet end of the first sludge pipe (12) is connected to the sludge inlet (2) of the first-stage hydraulic separator (9), the inlet end of the first upper discharge pipe (13) is connected to the upper discharge port (3) of the first-stage hydraulic separator (9), and the inlet end of the first lower discharge pipe (14) is connected to the lower discharge port (4) of the first-stage hydraulic separator (9).

5. The hydraulic separation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a secondary hydraulic separator (15) and an intermediate sludge pump (16), wherein the secondary hydraulic separator (15) is the hydraulic separator according to any one of claims 1-3, and the pipeline system further includes a second sludge inlet pipe (17), a second upper outlet pipe (18), and a second lower outlet pipe (19). The inlet end of the second sludge inlet pipe (17) is connected to the outlet end of the intermediate sludge pump (16), and the outlet end of the second sludge inlet pipe (17) is connected to the sludge inlet (2) of the secondary hydraulic separator (15). The intermediate sludge pump (16) is used to pump the sludge discharged from the outlet end of the first upper discharge pipe (13) into the housing (1) of the secondary hydraulic separator (15) through the second sludge inlet pipe (17). The inlet end of the second upper discharge pipe (18) is connected to the upper discharge port (3) of the secondary hydraulic separator (15), and the inlet end of the second lower discharge pipe (19) is connected to the lower discharge port (4) of the secondary hydraulic separator (15).

6. The hydraulic separation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes an intermediate mud tank (20), a dosing pump (21) and a dosing pipe (22), with the outlet end of the first upper drain pipe (13) connected to the intermediate mud tank (20) and the inlet end of the intermediate mud pump (16) connected to the intermediate mud tank (20). The inlet end of the dosing pipe (22) is connected to the outlet end of the dosing pump (21), and the outlet end of the dosing pipe (22) is connected to the intermediate mud box (20). The dosing pipe (22) is equipped with a regulating valve (34) and a flow meter (35). An online SVI measuring instrument (28) is installed on the first upper drain pipe (13). The online SVI measuring instrument (28) is used to control the amount of chemicals that the dosing pump (21) injects into the intermediate mud box (20).

7. The hydraulic separation system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The first upper drain pipe (13) also has a branch end. A reversing valve (27) is installed on the first upper drain pipe (13). By switching the reversing valve (27), the sludge in the first upper drain pipe (13) can be discharged from the outlet end of the first upper drain pipe (13) or from the branch end of the first upper drain pipe (13).

8. The hydraulic separation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intermediate mud box (20) is provided with a sampling tube (29), and a switch valve (30) is installed on the sampling tube (29).

9. The hydraulic separation system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, It also includes a fan (31), a first air supply pipe (32) and a second air supply pipe (33). The air inlet of the first air supply pipe (32) is connected to the air outlet of the fan (31). The air outlet of the first air supply pipe (32) is connected to the gas inlet (6) of the first-stage hydraulic separator (9). The air inlet of the second air supply pipe (33) is connected to the air outlet of the fan (31). The air outlet of the second air supply pipe (33) is connected to the gas inlet (6) of the second-stage hydraulic separator (15). A regulating valve (34) and a flow meter (35) are installed on both the first air supply pipe (32) and the second air supply pipe (33).

10. The hydraulic separation system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, A switch valve (30) is installed on the first mud inlet pipe (12); A regulating valve (34) is installed on the first upper drain pipe (13), the first lower drain pipe (14), the second mud inlet pipe (17), the second upper drain pipe (18), and the second lower drain pipe (19). A flow meter (35) is installed on the first mud inlet pipe (12), the first upper drain pipe (13), the second mud inlet pipe (17), and the second upper drain pipe (18).

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