Slip form construction device and construction method of molded sleeve lining for tunnel maintenance

Abstract

The invention discloses a slip form construction device and method for a molded bushing for tunnel maintenance, and relates to the technical field of tunnel maintenance equipment. The system comprises a highway-railway dual-purpose carrying platform, a supporting mounting frame, a side wall slip form mechanism and a plurality of arch slip form mechanisms. The highway-railway dual-purpose carrying platform can be switched between a tunnel inner rail walking mode and a road surface walking mode, the side wall sliding formwork mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the supporting installation frame and comprise side wall formworks and first driving mechanisms, the first driving mechanisms drive the side wall formworks to be transversely unfolded or folded and vertically move in a sliding mode, and the arch sliding formwork mechanism is arranged at the top of the supporting installation frame. Comprising an arch-shaped formwork and a second driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism drives the arch-shaped formwork to ascend, descend, rotate in a pitching mode and stretch out and draw back in the radial direction, and the system effectively solves the problems that a large formwork is large in transportation space occupation, prone to interference with facilities in a tunnel and difficult to cross an overhead line system, can rapidly and mechanically construct formwork lining, flexibly adapts to different tunnel clearances and improves the construction efficiency. The construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel maintenance equipment technology, and in particular to a slipform construction device and construction method for a molded lining for tunnel maintenance. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing number of tunnel defects in operation and the continuous improvement of the railway network, my country is gradually transitioning from a peak period of tunnel construction to a peak period of tunnel repair. The remediation of defects in operational tunnels is a complex and systematic project, encompassing multiple aspects such as the analysis of tunnel defect types and causes, precise detection, selection of effective remediation methods and processes, and the research and development of applicable materials and equipment. However, currently, due to insufficient research on comprehensive remediation technologies and equipment for tunnel defects, China faces numerous challenges in the comprehensive remediation of defects in operational railway tunnels.

[0003] On the one hand, traditional construction methods suffer from high construction difficulty, labor intensity, and high labor intensity. For example, manually installing concrete formwork and pouring concrete is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to complete the entire ring pour within the limited tunnel window. This inefficient operation method cannot provide a fast and effective guarantee for the normal operation of high-speed railways. At the same time, due to the influence of traditional anchor-sprayed support technology, a large amount of gravel adheres to the surface after sprayed concrete. Under the piston wind action of high-speed trains in the tunnel, there is a risk of sprayed concrete chunks falling off and gravel falling, posing a safety hazard to tunnel operation. Therefore, the formwork lining technology has been widely used in tunnel defect treatment, especially in the reinforcement of high-speed railway tunnel linings.

[0004] On the other hand, the existing drainage network design between the precast lining and the original lining has defects. This leads to poor drainage at the junction of the new and old linings, which easily causes leakage and accumulation, and then triggers new leakage problems, seriously affecting the overall reinforcement quality of the tunnel lining.

[0005] In summary, the goal is to develop a system that can effectively overcome the problems of large formwork transportation space occupation, easy interference with tunnel facilities, and difficulty in crossing the overhead contact system, and achieve rapid mechanized construction of formwork lining. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a slipform construction device and method for precast lining in tunnel maintenance, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, effectively overcome the problems of large formwork transportation space occupation, easy interference with tunnel facilities, and difficulty in crossing the contact network system, and realize rapid mechanized construction of precast lining, flexibly adapt to different tunnel clearances, and effectively improve construction efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a slipform construction device for precast lining in tunnel maintenance, comprising: a dual-purpose road-rail transport platform, a support mounting frame, a sidewall slipform mechanism, and multiple arch slipform mechanisms. The dual-purpose road-rail transport platform can switch between two travel modes within the tunnel: track and road surface. The support mounting frame is fixedly connected to the dual-purpose road-rail transport platform. The sidewall slipform mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support mounting frame. Each sidewall slipform mechanism includes a sidewall template and a first drive mechanism. The fixed end of the first drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the support mounting frame, and the output end of the first drive mechanism is connected to the sidewall template to drive the sidewall template to achieve lateral expansion or retraction and vertical slipform movement. Multiple arch slipform mechanisms are arranged on the top of the support mounting frame. Each arch slipform mechanism includes an arch template and a second drive mechanism. The fixed end of the second drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the support mounting frame, and the output end of the second drive mechanism is connected to the arch template to drive the arch template to achieve lifting, pitching, rotation, and radial extension / retraction.

[0008] Preferably, the support mounting frame includes multiple crossbars, at least four columns, and multiple longitudinal connecting rods. The columns are vertically fixed to the dual-purpose road-rail transport platform. Adjacent columns are fixedly connected in the transverse direction by the crossbars. The longitudinal connecting rods are arranged along the tunnel length direction, and both ends of the longitudinal connecting rods are fixedly connected to the adjacent crossbars at the front and rear, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the first driving mechanism includes multiple horizontal sliding rods, multiple first driving cylinders, a sliding mounting bracket, and a vertical sliding formwork mechanism. The horizontal sliding rods are sleeved inside the horizontal rod and slidably connected to the horizontal rod. The sliding mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the end of the horizontal sliding rod away from the horizontal rod. The cylinder body of the first driving cylinder is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod. The piston rod of the first driving cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting bracket. The fixed end of the vertical sliding formwork mechanism is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting bracket. The output end of the vertical sliding formwork mechanism is fixedly connected to the side wall template to drive the side wall template to slide vertically.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical sliding formwork mechanism includes at least two second drive cylinders, a drive rod, two sprockets, two chains, and a template mounting frame. Each second drive cylinder is arranged in parallel, and the cylinder body of the second drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting frame. The piston rod of the second drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the drive rod to drive the drive rod to move up and down in the vertical direction. The two sprockets are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the drive rod. One end of the chain is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting frame, and the other end passes around the corresponding sprocket and is fixedly connected to the template mounting frame. The template mounting frame is used to install the side wall template, and both ends of the template mounting frame are slidably connected to the sliding mounting frame.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding mounting bracket has a vertical sliding limiting groove, and the template mounting bracket is equipped with rollers that extend into the sliding limiting groove.

[0012] Preferably, the second drive mechanism includes a lifting platform, multiple lifting rods, multiple third drive cylinders, multiple rotating arms, multiple rotation mechanisms, and multiple radial adjustment mechanisms. The lifting rods are sleeved inside the column and slidably connected to the column. The lifting platform is fixedly connected to the end of each lifting rod away from the column. The cylinder body of the third drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the column, and the piston rod of the third drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the lifting platform to drive the lifting platform to rise and fall vertically. The rotating arms are rotatably connected to the lifting platform via a pivot. The fixed end of the rotation mechanism is fixedly connected to the lifting platform, and the output end of the rotation mechanism is drively connected to the rotating arm to drive the rotating arm to pitch and rotate around the pivot. The radial adjustment mechanism is located at the end of the rotating arm away from the pivot, and the output end of the radial adjustment mechanism is detachably connected to the arched template to drive the arched template to extend and retract radially along the tunnel.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating mounting base and a hydraulic motor. The rotating mounting base is fixedly connected to the lifting platform. The rotating arm is rotatably connected to the rotating mounting base via a pivot. The fixed end of the hydraulic motor is fixedly connected to the rotating mounting base. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor is fixedly connected to the pivot to drive the pivot and rotate the rotating arm around the pivot axis.

[0014] Preferably, the radial adjustment mechanism includes a fourth drive cylinder and an adjusting rod. The end of the rotating arm away from the pivot is provided with an adjusting mounting hole. The adjusting rod is slidably sleeved in the adjusting mounting hole. The fourth drive cylinders are spaced apart along the length direction of the rotating arm, and the cylinder body of the fourth drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the rotating arm. The piston rod of the fourth drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the adjusting rod. The end of the adjusting rod away from the rotating arm is detachably connected to the arched template, so that the adjusting rod can be driven to move radially along the tunnel by the extension and retraction of the fourth drive cylinder, thereby realizing the radial extension and retraction of the arched template.

[0015] The present invention also provides a construction method for a slipform construction device for a precast lining for tunnel maintenance as described in any of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: S1. Construction preparation: Clean up the section of the tunnel to be constructed to ensure that the track and road surface are flat and unobstructed. Check the walking switching function of the dual-purpose road and rail transport platform, and whether the hydraulic system and electrical control system of each drive mechanism are normal. Transport the side wall formwork and arch formwork to the construction site and complete the assembly and debugging of the formwork. S2. Equipment positioning: Operate the dual-purpose rail and road transport platform to select the track or road surface travel mode according to the actual road conditions in the tunnel. After traveling to the designated construction position, brake and fix it. The entire system is stably supported by the support frame. S3. Installation and adjustment of sidewall formwork: Start the first drive mechanism to move the sidewall formwork vertically to the vertical design position, and move the sidewall formwork laterally to fit the design outline of the tunnel sidewall. S4. After the side wall formwork is completed, pour concrete in layers. When the lower layer of concrete reaches its initial setting strength, start the first drive mechanism to drive the side wall sliding formwork to slide upward. After sliding to another design position, continue to pour concrete until the side wall is poured. S5. Arch formwork installation and adjustment: After the sidewall is poured to the preset height, start the second drive mechanism to adjust the arch formwork to fit the design outline of the tunnel arch. S6. After the arch formwork is closed, concrete is poured into the formwork. When the concrete in the current pouring section reaches the initial setting strength and meets the slip form conditions, the second drive mechanism is started to drive the arch slip form mechanism to slide synchronously. After sliding to the next construction section, concrete pouring continues. The cycle continues until the arch pouring is completed.

[0016] Preferably, before the template is unfolded and positioned in step S2, a step of laying a drainage pipe network between the existing lining and the new model lining is further included. The drainage pipe network includes intersecting and interconnected transverse drainage pipes and longitudinal drainage pipes. The transverse drainage pipes and the longitudinal drainage pipes are made of porous material, and the transverse drainage pipes are inclined relative to the horizontal direction.

[0017] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: This invention provides a slipform construction device and method for tunnel maintenance formwork lining. By using a dual-purpose road-rail transport platform, it achieves flexible switching between track and road surface travel modes, solving the problem of equipment passage under complex road conditions in tunnels. The independent drive and coordinated operation of the sidewall slipform mechanism and the arch slipform mechanism can precisely control the lateral unfolding, vertical sliding, pitch rotation and radial extension of the formwork, effectively adapting to different tunnel clearance dimensions. It avoids the problems of large space occupation and easy interference with tunnel facilities caused by the overall transportation of large formwork, and can smoothly cross obstacles such as the catenary system.

[0018] Furthermore, the drainage pipe network laying step introduced in the construction method uses transverse and longitudinal drainage pipes made of porous materials, and the transverse drainage pipes are set at an angle, which can effectively improve the drainage conditions at the junction of the old and new linings and reduce the risk of leakage accumulation. In addition, the mechanized slipform construction method significantly reduces the intensity of manual labor and significantly improves construction efficiency, ensuring that the ring pouring is completed within the limited time window, providing a strong guarantee for the rapid, safe, and high-quality maintenance of high-speed railway tunnels. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the slipform construction device for tunnel maintenance molding lining provided by the present invention when used in a tunnel; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the slipform construction device for tunnel maintenance molding lining provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the installation of the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism in the slipform construction device for tunnel maintenance molding lining provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the support mounting frame in the slipform construction device for the tunnel maintenance molding lining provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism in the second drive mechanism of the slipform construction device for tunnel maintenance molding lining provided by the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the formwork mounting frame in the slipform construction device for tunnel maintenance molding lining provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the slipform construction device for the precast lining of tunnel maintenance provided by the present invention being used in a double-track tunnel; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the molded drainage pipe network structure; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Dual-purpose road-rail transport platform; 2. Support mounting frame; 3. Sliding rod; 4. Sliding mounting frame; 5. First hydraulic cylinder; 6. Template mounting frame; 7. Side wall template; 8. Second hydraulic cylinder; 9. Drive rod; 10. Sprocket; 11. Chain; 12. Sliding limit groove; 13. Roller mounting seat; 14. Roller; 15. Lifting rod; 16. Lifting platform; 17. Third hydraulic cylinder; 18. Rotating mounting seat; 19. Hydraulic motor; 20. Rotating arm; 21. Arch template; 22. Adjustment mounting hole; 23. Adjusting rod; 24. Cylinder mounting seat; 25. Fourth hydraulic cylinder; 26. Column; 27. Horizontal bar; 28. Connecting rod; 29. ​​Drainage pipe network. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The purpose of this invention is to provide a slipform construction device and method for precast lining in tunnel maintenance, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, effectively overcome the problems of large formwork transportation space occupation, easy interference with tunnel facilities, and difficulty in crossing the contact network system, and realize rapid mechanized construction of precast lining, flexibly adapt to different tunnel clearances, and effectively improve construction efficiency.

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Example 1 This embodiment provides a slipform construction device for precast lining in tunnel maintenance, such as... Figures 1-6It includes: a dual-purpose road-rail transport platform 1, a support mounting frame 2, a sidewall slipform mechanism, and multiple arch slipform mechanisms. The dual-purpose road-rail transport platform 1 can switch between two travel modes: track and road surface within the tunnel. This switchable travel mode allows the construction device to better adapt to the internal environment of different tunnels. Whether it is a tunnel with laid tracks or a tunnel with ordinary road surface, it can flexibly reach the construction position, improving the versatility of the equipment and the convenience of construction. The support mounting frame 2 is fixedly connected to the dual-purpose road-rail transport platform 1, ensuring the structural stability of the entire slipform construction device and providing a reliable support foundation for the sidewall slipform mechanism and the arch slipform mechanism. This ensures that each mechanism can operate stably during construction and is not affected by the movement of the dual-purpose road-rail transport platform 1. The sidewall slipform mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support mounting frame 2. The sidewall slipform mechanism includes a sidewall template 7 and a first drive mechanism. The fixed end of the first drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the support mounting frame 2, and the output end of the first drive mechanism is connected to the sidewall template 7 to drive the sidewall template 7 to achieve horizontal expansion or contraction and vertical slipform movement. The symmetrical arrangement of the sidewall slipform mechanism allows for simultaneous construction of the sidewalls on both sides of the tunnel, improving construction efficiency and ensuring the symmetry of structural forces during construction, which is beneficial for controlling construction quality. The first drive mechanism enables various movement modes of the sidewall formwork 7, meeting the needs of different construction stages and making the sidewall pouring construction more flexible and efficient. Multiple arch slipform mechanisms are installed on the top of the support frame 2. Each arch slipform mechanism includes an arch formwork 21 and a second drive mechanism. The fixed end of the second drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 2, and the output end of the second drive mechanism is connected to the arch formwork 21 to drive it to achieve lifting, pitching, rotation, and radial extension / retraction. The multiple arch slipform mechanisms installed at the top allow for comprehensive construction of the tunnel arch. The second drive mechanism enables various complex movements of the arch formwork 21, allowing for precise adjustment of its position and angle to adapt to different tunnel arch shapes and construction requirements, ensuring the quality and precision of the arch lining pouring.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the support frame 2 includes multiple crossbars 27, at least four columns 26, and multiple longitudinal connecting rods 28. The columns 26 are vertically fixed to the dual-purpose road-rail transport platform 1. Adjacent columns 26 are fixedly connected in the transverse direction by crossbars 27. The longitudinal connecting rods 28 are arranged along the tunnel length direction, and both ends of the longitudinal connecting rods 28 are fixedly connected to the adjacent crossbars 27 at the front and rear, respectively. This structural design enhances the overall strength and stability of the support frame 2. The crossbars 27 and columns 26 form a stable frame structure. The longitudinal connecting rods 28 further strengthen the connection along the tunnel length direction, enabling it to withstand various forces generated by the sidewall slipform mechanism and the arch slipform mechanism during construction, ensuring the stable operation of the entire construction device in the tunnel.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the first driving mechanism includes multiple horizontal sliding rods 3, multiple first driving cylinders 5, a sliding mounting frame 4, and a vertical sliding formwork mechanism. The horizontal sliding rods 3 are sleeved within a horizontal bar 27 and slidably connected to it. The sliding mounting frame 4 is fixedly connected to the end of the horizontal sliding rod 3 furthest from the horizontal bar 27. The cylinder body of the first driving cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the horizontal bar 27, and the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting frame 4. The fixed end of the vertical sliding formwork mechanism is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting frame 4, and the output end of the vertical sliding formwork mechanism is fixedly connected to the sidewall template 7 to drive the sidewall template 7 to slide vertically. The cooperation of the multiple horizontal sliding rods 3 and the first driving cylinders 5 enables the horizontal unfolding and retraction of the sidewall template 7, facilitating the adjustment of the distance between the sidewall template 7 and the tunnel wall at different construction stages. The vertical sliding formwork mechanism can drive the sidewall template 7 to slide vertically, achieving continuous pouring of sidewall concrete, improving construction efficiency, and ensuring the continuity and integrity of the sidewall pouring.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the vertical sliding formwork mechanism includes at least two second drive cylinders 8, a drive rod 9, two sprockets 10, two chains 11, and a template mounting frame 6. The second drive cylinders 8 are arranged in parallel, and the cylinder body of the second drive cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting frame 4. The piston rod of the second drive cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to the drive rod 9 to drive the drive rod 9 to rise and fall in the vertical direction. The two sprockets 10 are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the drive rod 9. One end of the chain 11 is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting frame 4, and the other end passes around the corresponding sprocket 10 and is fixedly connected to the template mounting frame 6. The template mounting frame 6 is used to install the side wall template 7, and both ends of the template mounting frame 6 are slidably connected to the sliding mounting frame 4. The at least two parallel second drive cylinders 8 provide a stable driving force to ensure that the drive rod 9 rises and falls smoothly. Through the transmission of sprocket 10 and chain 11, the lifting motion of drive rod 9 is converted into the vertical motion of template mounting frame 6. Due to the gravity of the side wall template and template mounting frame, the chain can always be kept taut. This transmission method has high transmission efficiency and good stability, and can accurately control the vertical sliding height of side wall template 7, ensuring the accuracy and quality of side wall pouring.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the sliding mounting frame 4 is provided with a vertical sliding limiting groove 12, and the template mounting frame 6 is equipped with a roller 14 that extends into the sliding limiting groove 12 via a roller mounting seat 13. The cooperation between the sliding limiting groove 12 and the roller 14 plays a limiting and guiding role in the vertical movement of the template mounting frame 6, ensuring the stability and straightness of the template mounting frame 6 during the vertical sliding process, and preventing the template mounting frame 6 from deviating during the movement, thereby ensuring the installation accuracy and pouring quality of the side wall template 7.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the second drive mechanism includes a lifting platform 16, multiple lifting rods 15, multiple third drive cylinders 17, multiple rotating arms 20, multiple rotation mechanisms, and multiple radial adjustment mechanisms. The lifting rods 15 are sleeved within the column 26 and slidably connected to it. The lifting platform 16 is fixedly connected to the end of each lifting rod 15 furthest from the column 26. The cylinder body of the third drive cylinder 17 is fixedly connected to the column 26, and the piston rod of the third drive cylinder 17 is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 16 to drive the lifting platform 16 vertically. The rotating arm 20 is rotatably connected to the lifting platform 16 via a pivot. The fixed end of the rotating mechanism is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 16, and the output end of the rotating mechanism is connected to the rotating arm 20 for transmission, so as to drive the rotating arm 20 to pitch and rotate around the pivot. The radial adjustment mechanism is set at the end of the rotating arm 20 away from the pivot, and the output end of the radial adjustment mechanism is detachably connected to the arch template 21 to drive the arch template 21 to extend and retract radially along the tunnel. Multiple components work together to achieve precise adjustment of the arch template 21 in the vertical, angular, and radial directions. The lifting platform 16 can adapt to the height requirements of different tunnel arches; the pitch and rotation of the rotating arm 20 can adjust the angle of the arch template 21 to fit the curved surface of the tunnel arch; the radial adjustment mechanism realizes the radial extension and retraction of the arch template 21 to meet the dimensional changes of different tunnel arches, thereby ensuring that the arch lining pouring can accurately adapt to various parameters of the tunnel arch and improve the construction quality.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating mounting base 18 and a hydraulic motor 19. The rotating mounting base 18 is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 16. The rotating arm 20 is rotatably connected to the rotating mounting base 18 via a pivot. The fixed end of the hydraulic motor 19 is fixedly connected to the rotating mounting base 18, and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 19 is fixedly connected to the pivot to drive the pivot and rotate the rotating arm 20 around the pivot axis. The hydraulic motor 19 can provide stable torque, enabling the rotating arm 20 to accurately rotate around the pivot, which facilitates precise adjustment of the angle of the arch template 21 to adapt to the surface changes at different positions of the tunnel arch and ensure the accuracy and quality of the arch lining pouring.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the radial adjustment mechanism includes a fourth drive cylinder 25 and an adjusting rod 23. An adjusting mounting hole 22 is provided at the end of the rotating arm 20 away from the pivot. The adjusting rod 23 is slidably fitted into the adjusting mounting hole 22. The fourth drive cylinders 25 are spaced apart along the length of the rotating arm 20. A cylinder mounting seat 24 is provided on the rotating arm 20, and the cylinder body of the fourth drive cylinder 25 is fixedly connected to the cylinder mounting seat 24. The piston rod of the fourth drive cylinder 25 is fixedly connected to the adjusting rod 23. The end of the adjusting rod 23 away from the rotating arm 20 is detachably connected to the arch template 21. The extension and retraction of the fourth drive cylinder 25 drives the adjusting rod 23 to move radially along the tunnel, thereby achieving radial extension and retraction of the arch template 21. The combination of the fourth drive cylinder 25 and the adjusting rod 23 can precisely control the radial extension and retraction of the arch template 21. By adjusting the distance between the arch template 21 and the tunnel arch, the uniform thickness of the concrete pouring is ensured, meeting the dimensional requirements of different tunnel arches and improving the construction quality and structural stability of the arch lining. Meanwhile, the adjusting rod 23 is detachably connected to the arched template 21, making it convenient to replace or adjust the arched template 21 in different construction scenarios.

[0033] Example 2 This embodiment provides a construction method using a slipform construction device for tunnel maintenance molding lining as described in Embodiment 1. Figures 7-9 As shown, it includes the following steps: Construction preparation: Equipment Transportation and Positioning: Utilizing the track or road surface travel modes of the dual-purpose rail-road transport platform 1, the entire slipform construction device is transported to the designated construction location within the tunnel. The switchable travel modes of the dual-purpose rail-road transport platform 1 ensure that the equipment can smoothly reach construction sites of different types of tunnels, improving the equipment's versatility and ease of construction.

[0034] Inspection and Debugging: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the sidewall slipform mechanism and the arch slipform mechanism to ensure that all components are securely connected and that the first drive mechanism, the second drive mechanism, and all power components such as cylinders and motors are operating normally. During debugging, check the various motion functions of the sidewall formwork 7 and the arch formwork 21, such as the lateral expansion and contraction and vertical slipform movement of the sidewall formwork 7, and the lifting, pitching, rotation, and radial extension of the arch formwork 21, to ensure that the equipment performs well and is ready for construction.

[0035] Drainage pipe network 29 installation: During the installation phase of the drainage network (29), the installation positions of the transverse and longitudinal drainage pipes are first marked on the original tunnel lining surface according to the tunnel design requirements and leakage situation. The transverse drainage pipes are made of porous materials with good permeability, such as plastic blind drains wrapped with permeable geotextile or perforated corrugated pipes. During installation, they must be installed at a slope strictly according to the design to ensure that water flow can smoothly converge into the longitudinal drainage pipes. Before installation, the original lining surface must be cleaned to remove scum and loose parts. If necessary, special adhesives or anchors are used to fix the transverse drainage pipes in the predetermined positions. The spacing between fixing points is reasonably set according to the pipe specifications and tunnel curvature to ensure that the drainage pipes do not shift during concrete pouring. The longitudinal drainage pipes are also made of porous materials and laid longitudinally along the tunnel. Their diameter needs to be selected according to the expected drainage volume of the tunnel. During installation, the pipe axis must be straight, and the joints must be tightly connected using overlapping or sleeve methods to prevent concrete slurry from clogging the pores. The inlet end of the transverse drainage pipe must be precisely connected to the leakage point of the original tunnel lining or the pre-set water collection hole, while the outlet end is connected to the longitudinal drainage pipe to form a complete drainage path. After installation, a water flow test is conducted on the drainage network 29 to check the unobstructed flow of the pipes and whether there is any leakage at the connection. Only after ensuring that the drainage function is reliable can the subsequent concrete pouring process be carried out.

[0036] Sidewall construction: Lateral unfolding of the sidewall formwork 7: The first drive cylinder 5 in the first drive mechanism is activated, pushing the sliding mounting frame 4 to slide outward along the crossbar 27 via the lateral sliding rod 3, thus achieving the lateral unfolding of the sidewall formwork 7. This brings the sidewall formwork 7 closer to the tunnel sidewall, achieving a suitable pouring distance. The sidewall sliding formwork mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support mounting frame 2, allowing simultaneous construction of both tunnel sidewalls, improving construction efficiency, ensuring symmetrical structural stress, and facilitating quality control.

[0037] Vertical slipforming of sidewall formwork 7: By using fast-setting, high-strength concrete, the initial setting time of the concrete is reduced, preferably to within 10 minutes. After the initial setting of the concrete, the second drive cylinder 8 in the vertical slipforming mechanism is activated. Driven by the piston rod of the second drive cylinder 8, the drive rod 9 rises vertically. Through the transmission of sprocket 10 and chain 11, the formwork mounting frame 6 and the sidewall formwork 7 are simultaneously vertically lifted. After the sidewall formwork 7 rises, concrete is poured into the space between the sidewall formwork 7 and the tunnel wall. The vertical lifting of the sidewall formwork 7 enables continuous pouring of the sidewall concrete, improving construction efficiency and ensuring the continuity and integrity of the sidewall pouring. The cooperation of the sliding limit groove 12 and the roller 14 ensures the stability and straightness of the vertical movement of the formwork mounting frame 6, guaranteeing the installation accuracy and pouring quality of the sidewall formwork 7.

[0038] Arch construction: Arch formwork lifting: Activating the third drive cylinder 17 in the second drive mechanism causes the piston rod to push the lifting platform 16 upward along the column 26, thereby raising the connected rotating arm 20, rotation mechanism, radial adjustment mechanism, and arch formwork 21 to the tunnel arch construction height. The lifting platform 16 can adapt to the height requirements of different tunnel arches, ensuring that the arch formwork 21 can accurately reach the construction position.

[0039] Arch formwork angle adjustment: Start the hydraulic motor 19 in the rotating mechanism. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 19 drives the pivot to rotate, thereby causing the rotating arm 20 to pitch around the pivot axis, adjusting the angle of the arch formwork 21 to fit the curved surface of the tunnel arch. This precise angle adjustment method can adapt to the changes in the curved surface of the tunnel arch at different positions, ensuring the accuracy and quality of the arch lining pouring.

[0040] Radial expansion and contraction of the arch formwork: Activating the fourth drive cylinder 25 in the radial adjustment mechanism causes the piston rod to extend and retract, driving the adjusting rod 23 to move radially along the adjusting mounting hole 22 on the rotating arm 20. This achieves radial expansion and contraction of the arch formwork 21, maintaining a suitable distance between the arch formwork 21 and the tunnel arch, ensuring uniform concrete pouring thickness. Precise control of the radial expansion and contraction of the arch formwork 21 meets the dimensional requirements of different tunnel arches, improving the construction quality and structural stability of the arch lining.

[0041] Concrete pouring for the arch: After adjusting the position and angle of the arch formwork 21, concrete is poured into the space between the arch formwork 21 and the tunnel arch to complete the pouring of the arch lining. Multiple arch slipform mechanisms work together to carry out comprehensive construction of the tunnel arch, ensuring the construction quality of the arch lining.

[0042] like Figure 7 As shown, when pouring concrete for a double-track tunnel, this invention only requires the addition of one slipform construction device for tunnel maintenance molding lining provided by this invention. During use, two dual-purpose road-rail transport platforms 1 need to be set up side-by-side, with the sidewall template 7 on one platform 1 moved to the left side of the tunnel and the sidewall template 7 on the other platform 1 moved to the right side of the tunnel. This allows for simultaneous pouring of the sidewalls on both sides of the tunnel. Additionally, the arched templates 21 on both platforms 1 need to be replaced to match the arched portion of the double-track tunnel, facilitating the pouring of the sidewalls and effectively expanding the scope of application of this invention.

[0043] Cyclic construction and relocation Complete one section of construction: Following the construction steps for the sidewalls and arches described above, complete the formwork lining construction for one section of the tunnel. During construction, pay attention to the quality of concrete pouring and the operational status of each mechanism to ensure smooth construction.

[0044] Slipform formwork joint treatment: A composite treatment process of interface agent and fine wire mesh is used between slipform formwork concrete to improve the joint quality between each formwork. A 2-3cm wide non-filled construction joint (without concrete backfilling) is reserved at the corresponding original lining construction joint location in the slipform lining. By controlling the joint width and openness, the structural integrity and leakage risk control requirements are balanced. To address the spatial interference between the newly constructed lining foundation and the existing drainage ditch, three processes are proposed: rebar-T-plate composite, cover plate replacement, and independent foundation reconstruction. Equipment relocation and subsequent construction: After completing one section of construction, the entire slipform construction device is moved along the tunnel length to the next construction location using the dual-purpose road-rail transport platform 1. The construction steps for the sidewalls and arches are repeated to carry out the formwork lining construction for the next tunnel section until the maintenance construction of the entire tunnel is completed. The stable structure composed of the crossbars 27, columns 26, and longitudinal connecting rods 28 of the support frame 2 ensures the stability of the equipment during relocation and construction, and can withstand various forces generated during construction.

[0045] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A slipform construction device for precast lining in tunnel maintenance, characterized in that: include: A dual-purpose road-rail transport platform, which can switch between two travel modes: track and road surface within a tunnel; A support mounting frame is fixedly connected to the dual-purpose road-rail transport platform; A sidewall sliding formwork mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support mounting frame. The sidewall sliding formwork mechanism includes a sidewall template and a first drive mechanism. The fixed end of the first drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the support mounting frame, and the output end of the first drive mechanism is connected to the sidewall template to drive the sidewall template to achieve horizontal expansion or retraction and vertical sliding formwork movement. Multiple arch sliding formwork mechanisms are disposed on the top of the support mounting frame. Each arch sliding formwork mechanism includes an arch template and a second drive mechanism. The fixed end of the second drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the support mounting frame, and the output end of the second drive mechanism is connected to the arch template to drive the arch template to achieve lifting, pitching, rotation, and radial extension.

2. The slipform construction device for precast lining for tunnel maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame includes multiple crossbars, at least four columns, and multiple longitudinal connecting rods. The columns are vertically fixed to the dual-purpose road-rail transport platform. Adjacent columns are fixedly connected in the transverse direction by the crossbars. The longitudinal connecting rods are arranged along the length of the tunnel, and both ends of the longitudinal connecting rods are fixedly connected to the adjacent crossbars at the front and rear, respectively.

3. The slipform construction device for precast lining for tunnel maintenance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism includes multiple horizontal sliding rods, multiple first driving cylinders, a sliding mounting bracket, and a vertical sliding formwork mechanism. The horizontal sliding rods are sleeved inside the horizontal rod and slidably connected to the horizontal rod. The sliding mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the end of the horizontal sliding rod away from the horizontal rod. The cylinder body of the first driving cylinder is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod. The piston rod of the first driving cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting bracket. The fixed end of the vertical sliding formwork mechanism is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting bracket. The output end of the vertical sliding formwork mechanism is fixedly connected to the side wall template to drive the side wall template to slide vertically.

4. The slipform construction device for precast lining for tunnel maintenance according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical sliding formwork mechanism includes at least two second drive cylinders, a drive rod, two sprockets, two chains, and a template mounting frame. Each second drive cylinder is arranged in parallel, and the cylinder body of the second drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting frame. The piston rod of the second drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the drive rod to drive the drive rod to move up and down in the vertical direction. The two sprockets are respectively rotatably connected to both ends of the drive rod. One end of the chain is fixedly connected to the sliding mounting frame, and the other end passes around the corresponding sprocket and is fixedly connected to the template mounting frame. The template mounting frame is used to install the side wall template, and both ends of the template mounting frame are slidably connected to the sliding mounting frame.

5. The slipform construction device for precast lining for tunnel maintenance according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding mounting frame has a vertical sliding limit groove, and the template mounting frame is equipped with rollers that extend into the sliding limit groove.

6. The slipform construction device for precast lining for tunnel maintenance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second drive mechanism includes a lifting platform, multiple lifting rods, multiple third drive cylinders, multiple rotating arms, multiple rotation mechanisms, and multiple radial adjustment mechanisms. The lifting rods are sleeved inside the column and slidably connected to the column. The lifting platform is fixedly connected to the end of each lifting rod away from the column. The cylinder body of the third drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the column, and the piston rod of the third drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the lifting platform to drive the lifting platform to rise and fall vertically. The rotating arms are rotatably connected to the lifting platform via a pivot. The fixed end of the rotation mechanism is fixedly connected to the lifting platform, and the output end of the rotation mechanism is drively connected to the rotating arms to drive the rotating arms to pitch and rotate around the pivot. The radial adjustment mechanism is located at the end of the rotating arm away from the pivot, and the output end of the radial adjustment mechanism is detachably connected to the arched template to drive the arched template to extend and retract radially along the tunnel.

7. The slipform construction device for precast lining for tunnel maintenance according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a rotating mounting base and a hydraulic motor. The rotating mounting base is fixedly connected to the lifting platform. The rotating arm is rotatably connected to the rotating mounting base via a pivot. The fixed end of the hydraulic motor is fixedly connected to the rotating mounting base. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor is fixedly connected to the pivot to drive the pivot and rotate the rotating arm around the pivot axis.

8. The slipform construction device for precast lining for tunnel maintenance according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radial adjustment mechanism includes a fourth drive cylinder and an adjusting rod. The end of the rotating arm away from the pivot is provided with an adjusting mounting hole. The adjusting rod is slidably sleeved in the adjusting mounting hole. The fourth drive cylinders are spaced apart along the length direction of the rotating arm, and the cylinder body of the fourth drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the rotating arm. The piston rod of the fourth drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the adjusting rod. The end of the adjusting rod away from the rotating arm is detachably connected to the arched template. The adjustment rod is driven to move radially along the tunnel by the extension and retraction of the fourth drive cylinder, thereby realizing the radial extension and retraction of the arched template.

9. A construction method for a slipform construction device for tunnel maintenance molding lining as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Construction preparation: Clean up the section of the tunnel to be constructed to ensure that the track and road surface are flat and unobstructed. Check the walking switching function of the dual-purpose road and rail transport platform, and whether the hydraulic system and electrical control system of each drive mechanism are normal. Transport the side wall formwork and arch formwork to the construction site and complete the assembly and debugging of the formwork. S2. Equipment positioning: Operate the dual-purpose rail and road transport platform to select the track or road surface travel mode according to the actual road conditions in the tunnel. After traveling to the designated construction position, brake and fix it. The entire system is stably supported by the support frame. S3. Installation and adjustment of sidewall formwork: Start the first drive mechanism to move the sidewall formwork vertically to the vertical design position, and move the sidewall formwork laterally to fit the design outline of the tunnel sidewall. S4. After the side wall formwork is completed, pour concrete in layers. When the lower layer of concrete reaches its initial setting strength, start the first drive mechanism to drive the side wall sliding formwork to slide upward. After sliding to another design position, continue to pour concrete until the side wall is poured. S5. Arch formwork installation and adjustment: After the sidewall is poured to the preset height, start the second drive mechanism to adjust the arch formwork to fit the design outline of the tunnel arch. S6. After the arch formwork is closed, concrete is poured into the formwork. When the concrete in the current pouring section reaches the initial setting strength and meets the slip form conditions, the second drive mechanism is started to drive the arch slip form mechanism to slide synchronously. After sliding to the next construction section, concrete pouring continues. The cycle continues until the arch pouring is completed.

10. The construction method of the slipform construction device for tunnel maintenance molding lining according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before the template is unfolded and positioned in step S2, a step of laying a drainage pipe network between the existing lining and the new model lining is also included. The drainage pipe network includes intersecting and interconnected transverse drainage pipes and longitudinal drainage pipes. The transverse drainage pipes and the longitudinal drainage pipes are made of porous material, and the transverse drainage pipes are inclined relative to the horizontal direction.

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