Solar spectrum simulation method

Abstract

According to the solar spectrum simulation method provided by the invention, all light sources and an optical system are ensured to be coaxial through cooperation of a master light source and a slave light source and establishment of an optical path system, wide-width seamless spectrum synthesis is realized, fine regulation and control of full-wave band detection are realized, the spectrum uniformity is not changed in the regulation process, and the problem that the uniformity becomes poor during regulation by an existing method is solved; besides, dynamic compensation of environmental changes is realized by using linkage of a spectrum-power mapping database and a PID algorithm, test errors caused by mechanical motion are adjusted and eliminated in a full-electronic manner, and the high-precision test requirement is met. And based on independent digital control of each light source, independent adjustment of five-waveband intensity is realized, and the irradiation intensity of different spectral wavebands can be conveniently, greatly and finely adjusted only by adjusting the output power of the main light source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention proposes a solar spectrum simulation method, which belongs to the field of spectral detection simulation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Solar simulation technology is commonly used in solar cell testing. However, existing solar spectral simulation technologies lack sufficient broad spectral coverage, especially with significant energy attenuation in the ultraviolet and mid-infrared bands. The spectral uniformity on the irradiated surface of conventional solar spectral simulations varies with spectral segmentation, severely affecting test accuracy. Traditional methods often rely on a single xenon lamp source with filter switching to achieve spectral segmentation, failing to precisely control the intensity of each band through electrical power. This results in significant differences from the continuous spectral characteristics of simulated sunlight, easily leading to large spectral mismatch errors when used for cell testing, causing distorted test results. Furthermore, the lack of a dynamic compensation mechanism for changes in the light source environment during testing results in significant power fluctuations across bands during long-term operation, failing to meet high-precision testing requirements. Moreover, calibration during spectral simulation relies solely on real-time feedback, which is prone to problems such as adjustment lag and overshoot, resulting in limited calibration accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a solar spectrum simulation method that solves the technical problems of poor uniformity, large spectral mismatch error, insufficient stability and low calibration accuracy in existing methods by optimizing the division of labor of light sources, optical path design and calibration logic.

[0004] This invention proposes a solar spectrum simulation method, the method comprising:

[0005] S1. Configuration of a multi-source lighting system: Five initial light sources are used, including one horizontally set main light source and four vertically set secondary light sources. The four vertically set secondary light sources include a first short-arc xenon lamp light source, a second short-arc xenon lamp light source, a third halogen tungsten lamp light source, and a fourth halogen tungsten lamp light source. The main light source is a fifth halogen tungsten lamp light source. The main light source passes continuously through four quartz reflective filters. The four vertical secondary light sources are individually directed towards the filters that are perpendicular to the horizontal main light source. The four reflective filters coaxially concentrate the five light sources into a preliminary simulated light source.

[0006] S2. Constructing an optical path converging system: The initial simulation light source is processed by an integrating mirror array for homogenization, then converged and collimated by a collimating mirror, and finally output to the radiating surface through a reflecting mirror to form a uniform irradiated beam with preset collimation.

[0007] S3. Establish a spectrum-power mapping database: Analyze the uniform irradiation beam data and generate output spectral parameters. Collect the inherent parameters, control parameters, and output power parameters of each light source in the corresponding band. Record the environmental and operating condition parameters. Construct a three-dimensional mapping relationship between output spectral parameters, input control parameters, and output power parameters. Generate a light source information table, a control parameter table, a spectral data table, and a power data table. Use the light source parameters and control parameters as a joint index to generate a spectrum-power mapping database.

[0008] S4. Real-time PID calibration: Referring to the solar spectrum output standard, the spectral-power mapping database is compared with the spectral standard. The actual output power parameters of each light source are collected and compared with the output spectral parameters to obtain the real-time deviation e(k). The halogen tungsten lamp light source adopts an incremental PID algorithm, and the short-arc xenon lamp light source adopts a positional PID algorithm. The five starting light sources adopt a distributed control and master-slave synchronization mechanism for synchronous calibration to complete the dynamic correction of control parameters, so that the energy ratio in the simulated spectrum is consistent with the spectral standard. The PID adjustment parameters are collected and the simulated solar spectrum is output after parameter self-tuning.

[0009] Furthermore, in the step of configuring a multi-source lighting system, the wavelength of the fifth halogen tungsten lamp light source (5) is 1200-1800nm, the wavelength of the fourth halogen tungsten lamp light source (4) is 950nm-1200nm, the wavelength of the third halogen tungsten lamp light source (3) is 750nm-950nm, the wavelength of the second short-arc xenon lamp light source (2) is 600-750nm, and the wavelength of the first short-arc xenon lamp light source (1) is 350nm-600nm. An ellipsoidal focusing lens is configured on the outside of each light source.

[0010] Furthermore, in the step of establishing the spectral-power mapping database, the irradiated beam data is analyzed by a spectrometer and updated in real time. The acquisition environment is a dark room with a shading rate of ≥99.9% and a temperature and humidity control system. The real-time acquired data meets the following requirements:

[0011] Among the input control parameters, the acquisition accuracy of the driving current of the continuous light source is ±0.1mA, and the acquisition accuracy of the driving voltage is ±0.01V; the acquisition accuracy of the peak current of the pulse light source is ±0.01A, and the acquisition accuracy of the pulse width is ±1ns.

[0012] In the output spectral parameters, the wavelength range is divided in steps of 0.5 nm or 1 nm, the spectral radiant flux acquisition accuracy is ±0.01 W / nm, and the peak wavelength acquisition accuracy is ±0.1 nm.

[0013] In the output power parameters, the absolute power acquisition accuracy is ±0.01W, the power stability acquisition period is 1 hour, and the allowable fluctuation range is ±0.05% / h.

[0014] Among the environmental and operating condition parameters, the ambient temperature acquisition accuracy is ±0.5℃, the ambient humidity acquisition accuracy is ±1%RH, and the working time acquisition accuracy is ±0.1h. The ambient temperature and humidity are controlled, and the output spectral parameters under each environment are collected.

[0015] Furthermore, the step of establishing the spectral-power mapping database also includes screening the mapping relationship data in the spectral-power mapping database, randomly selecting 10% of the control parameter combinations, and comparing the measured values ​​with the database prediction values. The screening criteria are that the power prediction error of the mapping model is ≤±1%, the control parameter error of the spectral back-inference is ≤±0.5%, and the power of a specific band is calculated by spectral integration, and the integration interval is defined as the wavelength range of the corresponding light source. The mapping data that meets the screening criteria is stored in the database. When the light source exceeds the output time limit or the light source is replaced, the data is re-collected for verification, and the mapping database is updated.

[0016] Furthermore, in the PID real-time calibration step, the PID algorithm configuration includes:

[0017] Incremental PID algorithm

[0018] The input control parameter adjustment amount ΔU(k) ​​= Kp[e(k) - e(k-1)] + Ki × e(k) + Kd[e(k) - 2e(k-1) + e(k-2)],

[0019] The proportional coefficient Kp is 0.5-2.0, the integral coefficient Ki is 0.01-0.1, and the derivative coefficient Kd is 0.1-0.5. Integral separation is activated when the absolute value of the deviation is greater than 5% of the target power.

[0020] Positional PID algorithm

[0021] The corrected control parameter U(k) = Kp × e(k) + Ki × ∑e(i) + Kd[e(k) - e(k-1)]

[0022] The proportional coefficient Kp is 2.0-5.0, the integral coefficient Ki is 0.05-0.2, the derivative coefficient Kd is 0.5-1.0, and the pulse parameter adjustment range does not exceed ±5%.

[0023] After parameter correction, record the adjustment coefficient and the corresponding inherent parameters of the light source, control parameters, and output power.

[0024] Furthermore, in the real-time PID calibration step, the PID algorithm also introduces an environmental compensation factor. The compensation factor is the ratio in the correction process of the measured data reaching the expected value after environmental changes. The control parameters are corrected in advance for changes in the environmental mapping relationship in the mapping database, thereby realizing feedforward compensation for PID adjustment.

[0025] Furthermore, in the PID real-time calibration step, the multi-source light source adopts a distributed control and master-slave synchronization mechanism to achieve synchronous calibration, including:

[0026] Each light source is independently configured with a PID controller. Halogen tungsten lamp light source 5 is selected as the standard light source. The standard light source is adjusted by PID based on its actual output spectral parameters and database mapping parameters. The spectral power output from the light source is dynamically monitored under each PID controller. The power ratio of the standard input power is referenced and dynamically corrected according to the actual power of the standard unit to output a simulated spectrum consistent with the standard spectral power ratio.

[0027] Furthermore, the parameter self-tuning in the PID real-time calibration step includes: retrieving PID adjustment parameters according to the spectral-power mapping database and spectral standards, automatically matching adjustment parameters by light source type, and dynamically monitoring the convergence speed of deviation e(k). When the light source deviation converges to more than ±0.3%, the control parameters and actual power data are written back to the database to update the mapping model, and the PID parameters are adjusted again to compensate for the attenuation error.

[0028] Beneficial effects of this invention:

[0029] By employing precise spectral division of five light sources and a hybrid configuration of high-energy pulsed light sources and continuous-spectrum thermal light sources, coupled with power adjustment, the single-band adjustment step size is ≤0.1%. The master-slave light source coordination and optical path system construction ensure that all light sources are coaxial with the optical system, achieving wide-range seamless spectral synthesis and enabling fine control across the entire 350nm-1800nm ​​wavelength range without altering spectral uniformity during adjustment, thus solving the problem of decreased uniformity during adjustment in existing methods. Halogen tungsten lamps provide irradiance energy in the 750nm-1800nm ​​wavelength range, avoiding the spectral mismatch error caused by the strong line spectrum of xenon lamps in this band aligning with the battery, resulting in a relative spectral distribution deviation between the simulated beam and sunlight of ≤±5%.

[0030] By linking the spectral-power mapping database with the PID algorithm, dynamic compensation for environmental changes is achieved. The fully electronic adjustment eliminates test errors caused by mechanical motion, meeting the requirements of high-precision testing. Based on the independent digital control of each light source, the intensity of five bands can be independently adjusted. The irradiance of different spectral bands can be easily and precisely adjusted by simply adjusting the output power of the main light source. The total irradiance can be continuously adjusted within 0.5 to 1.2 solar constants. The spectral uniformity does not change during adjustment, and the requirements for irradiance uniformity and collimation can be well guaranteed. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure;

[0032] Figure 2 The image shows the test results.

[0033] Among them, 1 is the first short-arc xenon lamp light source; 2 is the second short-arc xenon lamp light source; and 3 is the third halogen tungsten lamp light source.

[0034] 4. Fourth halogen tungsten lamp light source; 5. Fifth halogen tungsten lamp light source; 6. Filter; 7. Integrating mirror array; 8. Collimating lens;

[0035] 9. Reflector; 10. Radiation surface; 11. Condenser. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0037] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. The described embodiments are only a part of, and not all, of the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0039] One embodiment of the present invention,

[0040] Step 1: Configure a multi-source lighting system: Five primary light sources are used, including one horizontally positioned main light source and four vertically positioned secondary light sources. All of these light sources can be purchased commercially, for example, from Osram, Germany. The four vertically positioned secondary light sources include a first short-arc xenon lamp (1), a second short-arc xenon lamp (2), a third halogen tungsten lamp (3), and a fourth halogen tungsten lamp (4). The main light source is a fifth halogen tungsten lamp (5). Each light source is equipped with an ellipsoidal condenser lens (11). The wavelengths of the fifth halogen tungsten lamp (main light source) are 1200-1800 nm, the fourth halogen tungsten lamp (main light source) are 950 nm-1200 nm, the third halogen tungsten lamp (main light source) are 750 nm-950 nm, the second short-arc xenon lamp (second short-arc xenon lamp) is 600-750 nm, and the first short-arc xenon lamp (first short-arc xenon lamp) is 350 nm-600 nm. The halogen tungsten lamps provide irradiance in the 750 nm-1800 nm band, avoiding the spectral mismatch error caused by the strong line spectrum of the xenon lamp in this band aligning with the battery. In addition, the short-arc xenon lamp light source operates in continuous mode with a rated power of 150W, matching the radiation requirements of the 350nm-750nm band; the driving current adjustment range of the halogen tungsten lamp light source is 0-5A, and the operating temperature is controlled at 150℃-200℃ with fluctuations ≤±0.5℃; the main light source continuously passes through 4 quartz reflective filters 6. The reflective filters are made of quartz substrates, and the quartz substrates are coated with high-temperature resistant dielectric reflective films, including aluminum oxide, to ensure the performance and durability of the filters. The 4 filters are evenly arranged along the optical path of the horizontal halogen tungsten lamp light source (5). Each filter is aligned with a vertical light source. After adjusting the filter angle and the position of the light source, the 4 reflective filters coaxially concentrate the 5 light sources into a preliminary simulated light source. The positions of the light sources are arranged as follows. Figure 1 As shown.

[0041] Step 2, as follows Figure 1 As shown, the radiation energy emitted by each light source is focused by an ellipsoidal condenser onto the field mirror array of the integrating mirror array 7, and then projected onto the collimating mirror 8 by the projection mirror array of the integrating mirror. The collimating mirror 8 converges and collimates the radiation from each element mirror of the projection mirror array, and finally outputs it to the radiation surface 10 through the reflecting mirror 9, forming a uniform irradiation with a certain degree of collimation on the test irradiation surface, ensuring that all light sources are coaxial with the optical system, and realizing wide-band seamless spectral synthesis.

[0042] Step 3: Establish a spectrum-power mapping database, analyze the uniform irradiation beam data and generate output spectral parameters, collect the inherent parameters, control parameters and output power parameters of each light source in the corresponding band, and record environmental and operating condition parameters. Construct a three-dimensional mapping relationship between output spectral parameters, input control parameters and output power parameters, and generate a light source information table, control parameter table, spectral data table and power data table. Store the data in a MySQL database in the field format of "light source number-current-voltage-wavelength-radiative flux-power", and generate a spectrum-power mapping database with light source parameters and control parameters as a joint index.

[0043] The data acquisition environment consisted of a darkroom constructed with 99.95% light-blocking material. The darkroom was equipped with a temperature and humidity control system, with the temperature typically maintained at 23℃±1℃ and the humidity at 50%±5% RH. The data acquisition equipment included a spectrometer, power meter, and high-precision power supply; all commercially available equipment. The real-time acquired data met the following requirements:

[0044] Among the input control parameters, the acquisition accuracy of the driving current of the continuous light source is ±0.1mA, and the acquisition accuracy of the driving voltage is ±0.01V; the acquisition accuracy of the peak current of the pulse light source is ±0.01A, and the acquisition accuracy of the pulse width is ±1ns.

[0045] In the output spectral parameters, the wavelength range is divided in steps of 0.5 nm or 1 nm, the spectral radiant flux acquisition accuracy is ±0.01 W / nm, and the peak wavelength acquisition accuracy is ±0.1 nm.

[0046] In the output power parameters, the absolute power acquisition accuracy is ±0.01W, the power stability acquisition period is 1 hour, and the allowable fluctuation range is ±0.05% / h.

[0047] Among the environmental and operating condition parameters, the ambient temperature acquisition accuracy is ±0.5℃, the ambient humidity acquisition accuracy is ±1%RH, and the working time acquisition accuracy is ±0.1h. The ambient temperature and humidity are controlled, and the output spectral parameters under each environment are collected.

[0048] Step 4: Referring to the solar spectrum output standard, such as AM0, the spectral-power mapping database is compared with the spectral standard. The actual output power parameters of each light source are collected and compared with the output spectral parameters to obtain the real-time deviation e(k). The halogen tungsten lamp light source adopts an incremental PID algorithm, and the short-arc xenon lamp light source adopts a positional PID algorithm. The five starting light sources adopt a distributed control and master-slave synchronization mechanism for synchronous calibration to complete the dynamic correction of control parameters, so that the energy ratio in the simulated spectrum is consistent with the spectral standard. The PID adjustment parameters are collected and the simulated solar spectrum is output after parameter self-tuning.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the data acquisition process optimization includes: scanning the halogen tungsten lamp light source within the range of 50mA-500mA with a current step size of 10mA; acquiring spectral and power data three times for each current value with a 10s acquisition interval; supplementing missing wavelength point data using linear interpolation; removing outliers with a standard deviation exceeding 3% of the average value; storing the acquired data in a mapping database; then filtering the mapping relationship data in the spectral-power mapping database; randomly selecting 10% of the control parameter combinations; comparing the measured values ​​with the database prediction values; the selection criteria are: the power prediction error of the mapping model ≤ ±1%; the control parameter error of the spectral back-inference ≤ ±0.5%; and calculating the power of a specific band through spectral integration, clearly defining the integration interval as the wavelength range of the corresponding light source. Mapping data that meets the selection criteria are stored in the database. When the light source exceeds the output time limit or is replaced, data is re-acquired for verification, and the mapping database is updated.

[0050] In the above embodiments, the PID calibration step optimization includes: introducing an environmental compensation factor before the real-time PID calibration step. The compensation factor is the ratio α in the correction process of measured data reaching the expected value after environmental changes. The control parameters are corrected in advance based on changes in the environmental mapping relationship in the mapping database, achieving feedforward compensation for PID adjustment. For example, if the spectral simulation needs to consider real-world usage scenarios and requires other temperatures, a temperature compensation factor α is added. If the output power of the target spectrum at a specific temperature differs from the actual power at a specific temperature, then the corrected power P needs to be obtained after adding the compensation factor α to the output power of the target spectrum at that specific temperature. P_corrected = P_measured × (1 + α × (T_standard - T_actual)), where T_standard is the commonly used temperature, controlled at 23℃ ± 1℃, and α is the temperature compensation factor. Similarly, the humidity compensation factor can be obtained. By correcting the control parameters in advance through the temperature-power mapping relationship in the database, PID feedforward compensation is performed, reducing hysteresis error.

[0051] The halogen tungsten lamp light source is a continuous spectrum thermal light source, and an incremental PID algorithm is used to adjust the input control parameter adjustment amount ΔU(k).

[0052] ΔU(k)=Kp[e(k)-e(k-1)]+Ki×e(k)+Kd[e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2)], where the proportional coefficient Kp is 0.5-2.0, the integral coefficient Ki is 0.01-0.1, and the derivative coefficient Kd is 0.1-0.5. When the absolute value of the deviation is greater than 5% of the target power, integral separation is activated, i.e. Ki=0, and the proportional coefficient Kp is readjusted.

[0053] The short-arc xenon lamp is a high-energy pulsed light source, and the corrected control parameter U(k) is obtained using a position-based PID algorithm.

[0054] U(k) = Kp × e(k) + Ki × ∑e(i) + Kd[e(k) - e(k-1)], where the proportional coefficient Kp is 2.0-5.0, the integral coefficient Ki is 0.05-0.2, the differential coefficient Kd is 0.5-1.0, and the pulse parameter adjustment range does not exceed ±5%.

[0055] After parameter correction, the control parameter adjustment amount ΔU(k) ​​of the halogen tungsten lamp light source and the control parameter U(k) of the short-arc xenon lamp light source are recorded according to the light source type. They are linked and stored with the corresponding inherent parameters, control parameters and output power of the light source. The target light source that can be precisely controlled can be obtained by calling the database.

[0056] After accurately obtaining the target light source by PID adjustment through mapping database, the light source is synchronously calibrated by a distributed control and master-slave synchronization mechanism with reference to the power ratio of each band in the standard spectrum. The distributed control method includes: configuring a PID controller for each light source independently, selecting the fifth halogen tungsten lamp light source (5) as the standard light source, and other light sources as slave units. The standard light source is adjusted by PID based on its actual output spectral parameters and database mapping parameters, and the output spectral power of the slave light source under each PID controller is dynamically monitored. The input power ratio of the spectral standard is referenced, and dynamic correction is made based on the actual power of the standard unit. The output is a simulated spectrum consistent with the power ratio of the standard spectrum. In addition, by adjusting the output power of the standard light source, the other slave light sources are synchronously adjusted according to the ratio. The simulated light source is adjusted according to the power ratio of the solar spectrum to adjust the total irradiance. Only the power of each light source needs to be adjusted to easily and finely adjust the irradiance intensity of different spectral bands. The spectral uniformity will not change during adjustment, and the irradiance uniformity and collimation requirements can be well guaranteed. The total irradiance of the solar spectrum can be continuously adjusted within 0.5-1.2 solar constants.

[0057] Once the output stabilizes, the PID control parameters are retrieved from the spectral-power mapping database and spectral standards. The parameters are automatically matched to the light source type, and the convergence rate of the deviation e(k) is dynamically monitored. When the light source deviation converges beyond ±0.3%, such as during light source aging, the control parameters and actual power data are written back to the database to update the mapping model. The PID parameters are then readjusted to compensate for the attenuation error. This method ensures that the spectral radiant flux fluctuation across all bands remains ≤±1% after 24 hours of continuous operation.

[0058] The performance parameters were measured on an 80mm x 80mm square irradiation surface according to the method of the present invention, and are as follows:

[0059] Illumination unevenness is better than 2%, achieving Grade A; Light source instability is better than 1%, also achieving Grade A.

[0060] The simulated AM0 spectral distribution level reaches Class B, which meets the requirements for spacecraft auxiliary components and medium-precision material testing, and satisfies the current operating environment. Test results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0061] In this document, numerical ranges are referred to as continuous unless otherwise specified, and include the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between the minimum and maximum values. Furthermore, when a range refers to an integer, it includes every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range. Additionally, when multiple ranges are provided to describe a feature or characteristic, the ranges may be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges to which they are incorporated.

[0062] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for simulating the solar spectrum, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. Configure a multi-source lighting system: Five starting light sources are used, including one horizontally set main light source and four vertically set slave light sources. The four vertically set slave light sources include the first short-arc xenon lamp source (1), the second short-arc xenon lamp source (2), the third halogen tungsten lamp source (3), and the fourth halogen tungsten lamp source (4). The main light source is the fifth halogen tungsten lamp source (5). The main light source passes through four quartz reflective filters (6) continuously. The four vertical slave light sources are individually directed to the filters that are perpendicular to the horizontal main light source. The four reflective filters coaxially concentrate the five light sources into a preliminary simulated light source. S2. Constructing an optical path converging system: The initial simulation light source is processed by an integrating mirror array for homogenization, then converged and collimated by a collimating mirror, and finally output to the radiating surface through a reflecting mirror to form a uniform irradiated beam with preset collimation. S3. Establish a spectrum-power mapping database: Analyze the uniform irradiation beam data and generate output spectral parameters. Collect the inherent parameters, control parameters, and output power parameters of each light source in the corresponding band. Record the environmental and operating condition parameters. Construct a three-dimensional mapping relationship between output spectral parameters, input control parameters, and output power parameters. Generate a light source information table, a control parameter table, a spectral data table, and a power data table. Use the light source parameters and control parameters as a joint index to generate a spectrum-power mapping database. S4. PID Algorithm Calibration: Referring to the solar spectrum output standard, the spectrum-power mapping database is compared with the spectrum standard. The actual output power parameters of each light source are collected and compared with the output spectrum parameters to obtain the real-time deviation e(k). The halogen tungsten lamp light source adopts an incremental PID algorithm, and the short-arc xenon lamp light source adopts a positional PID algorithm. The five starting light sources adopt a distributed control and master-slave synchronization mechanism for synchronous calibration to complete the dynamic correction of control parameters, so that the energy ratio in the simulated spectrum is consistent with the spectrum standard. The PID adjustment parameters are collected and the simulated solar spectrum is output after parameter self-tuning.

2. The solar spectrum simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the wavelength of the fifth halogen tungsten lamp light source (5) is 1200-1800nm, the wavelength of the fourth halogen tungsten lamp light source (4) is 950nm-1200nm, the wavelength of the third halogen tungsten lamp light source (3) is 750nm-950nm, the wavelength of the second short-arc xenon lamp light source (2) is 600-750nm, and the wavelength of the first short-arc xenon lamp light source (1) is 350nm-600nm. An ellipsoidal focusing lens is provided on the outside of each light source.

3. The solar spectrum simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the irradiation beam data is analyzed by a spectrometer and updated in real time. The acquisition environment is a dark room with a shading rate of ≥99.9% and a temperature and humidity control system. The real-time acquired data meets the following requirements: Among the input control parameters, the acquisition accuracy of the driving current of the continuous light source is ±0.1mA, and the acquisition accuracy of the driving voltage is ±0.01V; the acquisition accuracy of the peak current of the pulse light source is ±0.01A, and the acquisition accuracy of the pulse width is ±1ns. In the output spectral parameters, the wavelength range is divided in steps of 0.5 nm or 1 nm, the spectral radiant flux acquisition accuracy is ±0.01 W / nm, and the peak wavelength acquisition accuracy is ±0.1 nm. In the output power parameters, the absolute power acquisition accuracy is ±0.01W, the power stability acquisition period is 1 hour, and the allowable fluctuation range is ±0.05% / h. Among the environmental and operating condition parameters, the ambient temperature acquisition accuracy is ±0.5℃, the ambient humidity acquisition accuracy is ±1%RH, and the working time acquisition accuracy is ±0.1h. The ambient temperature and humidity are controlled, and the output spectral parameters under each environment are collected.

4. The solar spectrum simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the following steps are also included: screening the mapping relationship data in the spectral-power mapping database, randomly selecting 10% of the control parameter combinations, comparing the measured values ​​with the database prediction values, and the screening criteria are: the power prediction error of the mapping model ≤ ±1%, the control parameter error of the spectral back-inference ≤ ±0.5%, and the power of a specific band is calculated by spectral integration, and the integration interval is defined as the wavelength range of the corresponding light source. The mapping data that meets the screening criteria is stored in the database. When the light source exceeds the output time limit or the light source is replaced, the data is re-collected for verification, and the mapping database is updated.

5. The solar spectrum simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PID algorithm configuration in step S4 includes: Incremental PID algorithm The input control parameter adjustment amount ΔU(k) ​​= Kp[e(k) - e(k-1)] + Ki × e(k) + Kd[e(k) - 2e(k-1) + e(k-2)], The proportional coefficient Kp is 0.5-2.0, the integral coefficient Ki is 0.01-0.1, and the derivative coefficient Kd is 0.1-0.

5. Integral separation is activated when the absolute value of the deviation is greater than 5% of the target power. Positional PID algorithm The corrected control parameter U(k) = Kp × e(k) + Ki × ∑e(i) + Kd[e(k) - e(k-1)] The proportional coefficient Kp is 2.0-5.0, the integral coefficient Ki is 0.05-0.2, the derivative coefficient Kd is 0.5-1.0, and the pulse parameter adjustment range does not exceed ±5%.

6. The solar spectrum simulation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The PID algorithm in step S4 also introduces an environmental compensation factor. The compensation factor is the ratio in the process of correcting the measured data to the expected value after environmental changes. It corrects the control parameters in advance for changes in the environmental mapping relationship in the mapping database, thereby realizing feedforward compensation for PID adjustment.

7. The solar spectrum simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-source synchronization calibration in step S4 employs a distributed control and master-slave synchronization mechanism, including: Each light source is independently configured with a PID controller. Halogen tungsten lamp light source 5 is selected as the standard light source. The standard light source is adjusted by PID based on its actual output spectral parameters and database mapping parameters. The spectral power output from the light source is dynamically monitored under each PID controller. The power ratio of the standard input power is referenced and dynamically corrected according to the actual power of the standard unit to output a simulated spectrum consistent with the standard spectral power ratio.

8. The sunlight simulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 also involves parameter self-tuning. The PID control parameters are retrieved based on the spectral-power mapping database and spectral standards. The control parameters are automatically matched according to the light source type, and the convergence speed of the deviation e(k) is dynamically monitored. When the light source deviation converges to more than ±0.3%, the control parameters and actual power data are written back to the database to update the mapping model, and the PID parameters are adjusted again to compensate for the attenuation error.

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