Broadband dual-polarization modular antenna

Abstract

The invention provides a broadband dual-polarization modular antenna, and relates to the technical field of antenna engineering. The matching layer and the antenna layer, the antenna layer and the feed layer, and the feed layer and the aperture transformation layer of the broadband dual-polarization modular antenna are connected through first prepregs. The antenna layer comprises a thin dielectric plate on which two dipole antennas are orthogonally placed, left and right arms of the dipole antennas are unequal in length, capacitive coupling exists between the long arms, short arms are connected with a first plated-through hole and a second plated-through hole, and the long arms are connected with a third plated-through hole and a fourth plated-through hole at two sides of a capacitive coupling area; the broadband dual-polarization modular antenna adopts an orthogonal dipole antenna structure based on capacitive coupling between long arms and grounding plated-through hole loading, and the dipole antenna and the aperture conversion with the bonding pad are integrally laminated, so that the antenna has the characteristics of wide frequency band, dual polarization, modularization and high integration level, and is easy to integrate with a rear-end assembly and expand the antenna scale; the method is suitable for microwave and millimeter wave radars and communication systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna engineering technology, and specifically to a broadband dual-polarized modular antenna. Background Technology

[0002] A broadband dual-polarized antenna is an antenna that simultaneously possesses wideband operating capability and supports two independent orthogonal polarization ports. Compared to traditional narrowband single-wire polarized antennas, broadband dual-polarized antennas extend both the frequency and polarization domains, featuring multi-functional integration, polarization diversity, and high integration density, giving them irreplaceable advantages in modern mobile communication technologies and military electronic systems.

[0003] To achieve the broadband characteristics of broadband dual-polarized antennas and high isolation between orthogonal polarization ports, broadband dual-polarized antennas generally adopt an integrated array design to control the electromagnetic coupling between antenna elements. The structures of adjacent antenna elements are intertwined or share a common coupling structure, making it impossible to directly divide them into individual modular dual-polarized antenna elements. This is not conducive to flexible expansion, rapid deployment, and convenient maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a broadband dual-polarized modular antenna, which solves the problem that broadband dual-polarized antennas cannot be directly divided into individual modular dual-polarized antenna units.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A broadband dual-polarization modular antenna, comprising: a matching layer, an antenna layer, a feed layer, an aperture conversion layer, and a first prepreg;

[0007] The matching layer is connected to the antenna layer, the antenna layer to the feed layer, and the feed layer to the aperture conversion layer through the first prepreg.

[0008] The antenna layer includes: a thin dielectric substrate, a first dipole antenna, and a second dipole antenna; the first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna are respectively disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the thin dielectric substrate;

[0009] The first dipole antenna includes a short arm and a long arm; the short arm is connected to a first metallized aperture and a second metallized aperture, and the long arm is connected to a third metallized aperture and a fourth metallized aperture; the first metallized aperture, the second metallized aperture and the fourth metallized aperture are grounding metallized apertures, the third metallized aperture is a feed metallized aperture, the grounding metallized aperture is used to connect to the antenna ground, and the feed metallized aperture is used to connect to the feed port.

[0010] The second dipole antenna has the same structure as the first dipole antenna, and their extension directions are perpendicular to each other; there is a capacitive coupling region between the long arm of the second dipole antenna and the long arm of the first dipole antenna, and the third and fourth metallized holes are located on both sides of the capacitive coupling region.

[0011] Preferably, the matching layer includes: a first dielectric substrate;

[0012] The first medium plate is provided with a plurality of square patches and parasitic patches; the square patches are arranged along two mutually orthogonal directions, and the parasitic patches are located at the orthogonal angles of the square patches.

[0013] Preferably, the square patch is a metal patch with rounded corners.

[0014] Preferably, the feed layer includes: a second dielectric substrate;

[0015] The second dielectric substrate has a first grounding metallized hole and a first feeding metallized hole that match the first dipole antenna, and a second grounding metallized hole and a second feeding metallized hole that match the second dipole antenna.

[0016] Preferably, the aperture conversion layer includes: an upper dielectric substrate, a lower dielectric substrate, a fifth metallized via, a sixth metallized via, and a seventh metallized via; the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate are connected by a second prepreg.

[0017] The upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate is provided with an antenna ground and a feed port that match the antenna layer;

[0018] The upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate is provided with a transmission line structure, and the lower surface is provided with a feed ground and pads.

[0019] The fifth metallized hole penetrates the upper dielectric substrate, the second prepreg, and the lower dielectric substrate, and is used to connect the antenna ground to the feed line ground.

[0020] The sixth metallized hole penetrates the upper dielectric substrate and the second prepreg, and is used to connect the transmission line structure to the power supply port.

[0021] The seventh metallized hole penetrates the lower dielectric substrate and is used for the connection between the transmission line structure and the pad.

[0022] Preferably, the matching layer, antenna layer and feed layer are rectangular with the four corners removed, and the removed portion is a cuboid with rounded corners on all four sides.

[0023] This invention provides a broadband dual-polarized modular antenna. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0024] In this invention, the broadband dual-polarized modular antenna adopts an orthogonal dipole antenna structure based on capacitive coupling between long arms and grounding metallized hole loading. The dipole antenna and the aperture converter with solder pads are integrally pressed together, giving the antenna the characteristics of wide bandwidth, dual polarization, modularity and high integration. It is easy to integrate with back-end components and expand the antenna scale, and is suitable for microwave, millimeter-wave radar and communication systems. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layered structure of the broadband dual-polarized modular antenna unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the matching layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a top view of the antenna layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top view of the feed layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the caliber transformation layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cut-out of the dielectric substrate for the matching layer, antenna layer, and feed layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a broadband dual-polarization modular antenna array in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change of active VSWR as a function of frequency for a broadband dual-polarized modular antenna element in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The reference numerals in the figure are set as follows: Matching layer 101, Antenna layer 102, Feed layer 103, Aperture conversion layer 104, First prepreg 105, First dielectric substrate 201, Parasitic patch 202, Square patch 203, Thin dielectric substrate 301, Short arm 302, Long arm 303, First metallized aperture 304, Second metallized aperture 305, Third metallized aperture 306, Fourth metallized aperture 307, Second dipole antenna 308, Capacitive coupling. Zone 309, second dielectric substrate 401, first ground metallized via 402, second ground metallized via 403, first feed metallized via 404, second feed metallized via 405, upper dielectric substrate 501, second prepreg 502, lower dielectric substrate 503, antenna ground 504, feed port 505, transmission line structure 506, feed ground 507, pad 508, fifth metallized via 509, cuboid with rounded corners around the perimeter prism 601. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] This application provides a broadband dual-polarized modular antenna, which solves the problem that broadband dual-polarized antennas cannot be directly divided into individual modular dual-polarized antenna units.

[0037] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0038] Example:

[0039] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a broadband dual-polarization modular antenna, which includes: a matching layer 101, an antenna layer 102, a feed layer 103, an aperture conversion layer 104, and a first prepreg 105.

[0040] The matching layer 101 is connected to the antenna layer 102, the antenna layer 102 is connected to the feed layer 103, and the feed layer 103 is connected to the aperture conversion layer 104 through the first prepreg 105.

[0041] The antenna layer 102 includes: a thin dielectric substrate 301, a first dipole antenna, and a second dipole antenna 308; the first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna 308 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the thin dielectric substrate 301.

[0042] The first dipole antenna includes a short arm 302 and a long arm 303; the short arm 302 is connected to a first metallized aperture 304 and a second metallized aperture 305, and the long arm 303 is connected to a third metallized aperture 306 and a fourth metallized aperture 307; the first metallized aperture 304, the second metallized aperture 305 and the fourth metallized aperture 307 are grounding metallized apertures, and the third metallized aperture 306 is a feeding metallized aperture. The grounding metallized aperture is used to connect to the antenna ground 504, and the feeding metallized aperture is used to connect to the feeding port 505.

[0043] The second dipole antenna 308 has the same structure as the first dipole antenna, and their extension directions are perpendicular to each other. There is a capacitive coupling region 309 between the long arm of the second dipole antenna 308 and the long arm 303 of the first dipole antenna. The third metallized hole 306 and the fourth metallized hole 307 are located on both sides of the capacitive coupling region 309.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the matching layer includes: a first dielectric substrate 201;

[0045] The first dielectric substrate 201 is provided with a plurality of square patches 203 and parasitic patches 202; the square patches 203 are arranged along two mutually orthogonal directions, and the parasitic patches 202 are disposed at the orthogonal angle of the square patches 203;

[0046] The square patch 203 is a metal patch with rounded corners.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, the feed layer 103 includes: a second dielectric substrate 401;

[0048] The second dielectric substrate 401 has a first grounding metallized hole 402 and a first feeding metallized hole 404 that match the first dipole antenna, and a second grounding metallized hole 403 and a second feeding metallized hole 405 that match the second dipole antenna 308.

[0049] like Figure 5 As shown, the aperture conversion layer 104 includes: an upper dielectric substrate 501, a lower dielectric substrate 503, a fifth metallized hole 509, a sixth metallized hole, and a seventh metallized hole; the upper dielectric substrate 501 and the lower dielectric substrate 503 are connected by a second prepreg 502;

[0050] The upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 501 is provided with an antenna ground 504 and a feed port 505 that match the antenna layer;

[0051] The upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 503 is provided with a transmission line structure 506, and the lower surface is provided with a feed ground 507 and a pad 508.

[0052] The fifth metallized hole 509 penetrates the upper dielectric substrate 501, the second prepreg 502 and the lower dielectric substrate 503, and is used to connect the antenna ground 504 and the feeder ground 507.

[0053] The sixth metallized hole penetrates the upper dielectric substrate 501 and the second prepreg 502, and is used to connect the transmission line structure 506 to the power supply port 505.

[0054] The seventh metallized hole penetrates the lower dielectric substrate 503 and is used to connect the transmission line structure 506 to the pad 508.

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, the matching layer 101, antenna layer 102 and feed layer 103 are rectangular with the four corners removed, and the removed part is a cuboid 601 with rounded corners on all four sides.

[0056] The working principle of the broadband dual-polarized modular antenna is as follows:

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, dual polarization is achieved by setting orthogonal first dipole antennas and second dipole antennas 308 on the upper and lower surfaces of a thin dielectric substrate, respectively. The dipoles with unequal and orthogonally placed arms overlap in the long arm region to generate a capacitive coupling region 309, which avoids structural overlap or shared structure between adjacent antenna elements. When separating the structures of adjacent antenna elements, the coupling characteristics between the same polarization units or the structural integrity of the cross-polarization units are not destroyed, so that each individual dual-polarized antenna element becomes an independent physical unit, realizing modular design.

[0058] Furthermore, the grounding metallization holes on the short arm, the distribution of metallization holes on both sides of the capacitive coupling region of the long arm, and the dielectric chamfer can move specific harmful resonant modes (such as common-mode resonance) outside the operating frequency band, further expanding the antenna bandwidth. At the same time, in conjunction with the matching layer with a frequency-selective surface, the input impedance change caused by the antenna ground 504 during wide-angle scanning is mitigated. The matching layer 101, antenna layer 102, feed layer 103, and aperture conversion layer 104 with pads are integrated and pressed together to finally realize a broadband dual-polarization modular antenna design with wide-angle scanning characteristics.

[0059] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0060] 1. The modular antenna of this invention can be extended as a separate antenna structure, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the broadband dual-polarized modular antenna unit 702 is soldered onto the PCB board 701 via BGA ball 703. A certain gap (generally not less than 0.2mm) is maintained between adjacent antenna units, so that adjacent antenna units are physically decoupled, which enables flexible expansion, rapid deployment and convenient maintenance of the antenna array.

[0061] 2. The antenna in this embodiment of the invention, through long-arm coupling, grounding metallization hole loading, and matching layer loading, can achieve wide bandwidth angle scanning characteristics of the dual-polarized antenna element, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the broadband dual-polarized modular antenna element has an active VSWR of less than 2.6 within an octave bandwidth when not scanning, scanning at 50° E-plane, and scanning at 50° H-plane. It has good impedance matching characteristics over a wide bandwidth and is suitable for microwave, millimeter-wave broadband radar, and communication systems.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0063] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband dual-polarized modular antenna, characterized in that, The broadband dual-polarized modular antenna includes: a matching layer (101), an antenna layer (102), a feed layer (103), an aperture conversion layer (104), and a first prepreg (105); The matching layer (101) and the antenna layer (102), the antenna layer (102) and the feed layer (103), and the feed layer (103) and the aperture conversion layer (104) are all connected through the first prepreg (105); The antenna layer (102) includes: a thin dielectric plate (301), a first dipole antenna and a second dipole antenna (308); the first dipole antenna and the second dipole antenna (308) are respectively disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the thin dielectric plate (301); The first dipole antenna includes a short arm (302) and a long arm (303); the short arm (302) is connected to a first metallized aperture (304) and a second metallized aperture (305), and the long arm (303) is connected to a third metallized aperture (306) and a fourth metallized aperture (307); the first metallized aperture (304), the second metallized aperture (305) and the fourth metallized aperture (307) are grounding metallized apertures, the third metallized aperture (306) is a feeding metallized aperture, the grounding metallized aperture is used to connect to the antenna ground (504), and the feeding metallized aperture is used to connect to the feeding port (505); The second dipole antenna (308) has the same structure as the first dipole antenna and their extension directions are perpendicular to each other. There is a capacitive coupling region (309) between the long arm of the second dipole antenna (308) and the long arm (303) of the first dipole antenna. The third metallized hole (306) and the fourth metallized hole (307) are located on both sides of the capacitive coupling region (309).

2. The broadband dual-polarized modular antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The matching layer includes: a first dielectric substrate (201); The first medium plate (201) is provided with a plurality of square patches (203) and parasitic patches (202); the square patches (203) are arranged along two mutually orthogonal directions, and the parasitic patches (202) are located at the orthogonal angle between the square patches (203).

3. The broadband dual-polarized modular antenna as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The square patch (203) is a metal patch with rounded corners.

4. The broadband dual-polarized modular antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feed layer (103) includes: a second dielectric substrate (401); The second dielectric substrate (401) has a first grounding metallized hole (402) and a first feeding metallized hole (404) that match the first dipole antenna, and a second grounding metallized hole (403) and a second feeding metallized hole (405) that match the second dipole antenna (308).

5. The broadband dual-polarized modular antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture conversion layer (104) includes: an upper dielectric substrate (501), a lower dielectric substrate (503), a fifth metallization hole (509), a sixth metallization hole, and a seventh metallization hole; the upper dielectric substrate (501) and the lower dielectric substrate (503) are connected by a second prepreg (502); The upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate (501) is provided with an antenna ground (504) and a feed port (505) that match the antenna layer; The upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate (503) is provided with a transmission line structure (506), and the lower surface is provided with a feed ground (507) and a pad (508). The fifth metallized hole (509) penetrates the upper dielectric substrate (501), the second prepreg (502) and the lower dielectric substrate (503) and is used to connect the antenna ground (504) and the feeder ground (507); The sixth metallized hole penetrates the upper dielectric substrate (501) and the second prepreg (502) and is used to connect the transmission line structure (506) to the power supply port (505); The seventh metallized hole penetrates the lower dielectric substrate (503) and is used to connect the transmission line structure (506) to the pad (508).

6. The broadband dual-polarized modular antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The matching layer (101), antenna layer (102) and feed layer (103) are rectangular with the four corners removed, and the removed part is a cuboid (601) with rounded corners on all four sides.

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