Distortion removal of self-sensing signals

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a wireless communication device (WCD) may use training data associated with distortion of a sensed signal. Some aspects more specifically relate to correcting distortion from a sensing signal in association with training data. In some examples, the training data may include distortions measured in an environment without the sensing target. In some examples, the training data may include distortions measured via a dedicated hardware path within the WCD. The WCD may use the training data to identify whether an object is present, or may use the training data to remove distortion from the sensing signal.

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 470,112, filed September 19, 2023, entitled “Distortion Removal from Asensing Signal,” which is assigned to the assignee of this application. The disclosure of the earlier application is considered part of this patent application and is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] All aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communication in general, and more particularly to techniques, apparatus and methods for distortion removal of self-sensing signals. Background Technology

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of services, including voice, text, messaging, video, data, and / or other services. Services may include unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast services, etc. Typical wireless communication systems employ multiple access radio access technologies (RATs) capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, spatial-domain resources, and / or device transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access RATs include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0004] The aforementioned Multiple Access RATs have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol enabling different wireless communication devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, or global level. An example telecommunications standard is New Radio (NR). NR (which can also be referred to as 5G) is part of the continuous evolution of mobile broadband announced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). NR (and other mobile broadband evolutions besides NR) can be designed to better support the Internet of Things (IoT) and reduced-capacity device deployments, industrial connectivity, millimeter-wave (mmWave) expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, sidelinks and other device-to-device direct communication technologies (e.g., cellular vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications), massive MIMO, decomposed network architectures and network topology expansion, multi-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning and / or radio frequency (RF) sensing, and more. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to grow, further improvements to NR can be implemented, and other radio access technologies (such as 6G) can be introduced to further advance mobile broadband evolution.

[0005] Sensing signals can be used to obtain location information to map the environment of a wireless communication device (WCD) or track objects within that environment, etc. In some examples, sensing signals can be used to track movement in sports training scenarios, detect postures and associated inputs, detect dangerous movement in an environment, detect medical anomalies, or locate hidden objects, etc. To obtain location information, the WCD can transmit sensing signals via a transmitting front-end component and receive sensing signals after interaction with an object via a receiving front-end component. In addition to receiving sensing signals after interaction with an object, the WCD can also receive self-interference from signals that have not interacted with an object. In some examples, the WCD may receive self-interference with higher signal strength compared to sensing signals after interaction with an object, which may limit the effective range of the WCD for sensing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a wireless communication device (WCD). The method may include: transmitting a training sensing signal. The method may include: receiving the training sensing signal via one or more receiving components, the training sensing signal having a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of one or more transmitting or receiving components. The method may include: transmitting a sensing signal. The method may include: receiving the sensing signal, the reception of the sensing signal including one or more of the removal or elimination of a second distortion of the sensing signal based on the first distortion.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a WCD for wireless communication. The wireless communication device may include: one or more memories storing processor-readable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may operate individually or jointly to cause the wireless communication device to transmit a training sensing signal. The one or more processors may operate individually or jointly to cause the wireless communication device to receive the training sensing signal, the training sensing signal having a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of one or more transmitting or receiving components. The one or more processors may operate individually or jointly to cause the wireless communication device to transmit a sensing signal. The one or more processors may operate individually or jointly to cause the wireless communication device to receive the sensing signal, the reception of the sensing signal including one or more of the removal or elimination of a second distortion of the sensing signal based on the first distortion.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a WCD. When executed by one or more processors of the WCD, the set of instructions causes the WCD to transmit a training sensing signal. When executed by one or more processors of the WCD, the set of instructions causes the WCD to receive the training sensing signal, which has a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of one or more transmitting or receiving components. When executed by one or more processors of the WCD, the set of instructions causes the WCD to transmit a sensing signal. When executed by one or more processors of the WCD, the set of instructions causes the WCD to receive the sensing signal, the reception of which includes one or more of the removal or elimination of a second distortion of the sensing signal based on the first distortion.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include components for transmitting a training sensing signal. The apparatus may include components for receiving the training sensing signal via one or more receiving components, the training sensing signal having a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of the one or more transmitting or receiving components. The apparatus may include components for transmitting a sensing signal. The apparatus may include components for receiving the sensing signal, the reception of the sensing signal including one or more of the removal or elimination of a second distortion of the sensing signal based on the first distortion.

[0010] Various aspects of this disclosure may be implemented or be implemented as described in whole by or embodied in the methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network nodes, network entities, wireless communication devices and / or processing systems as fully described in the specification and drawings and illustrated in the specification and drawings.

[0011] The preceding paragraphs of this section have broadly summarized some aspects of this disclosure. These and additional aspects and their associated advantages will be described below. The disclosed aspects can serve as the basis for modifying or designing other aspects for performing the same or similar purposes of this disclosure. Such equivalent aspects do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the aspects disclosed herein, their organization and operation, and their associated advantages will be better understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The accompanying drawings illustrate some aspects of this disclosure but do not limit its scope, as other aspects can be achieved by this description. Each drawing in the drawings is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes and not as a definition of limitation of the claims. Identical or similar reference numerals in different drawings may identify identical or similar elements.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network according to the present disclosure.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating communication between an example network node and an example UE in a wireless network according to this disclosure.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture according to this disclosure.

[0016] Figure 4 An example of self-interference (SI) of a sensed signal according to this disclosure is illustrated.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example related to distortion removal of self-sensing signals according to this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of training sensing operations in accordance with this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of training sensing operations in accordance with this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of sensing operation in accordance with this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a wireless communication device (WCD) or apparatus of a WCD that supports distortion removal of self-sensed signals, according to the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 11 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication that supports distortion removal of self-sensing signals according to the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Various aspects of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, aspects of this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific aspect illustrated or described with reference to the drawings or otherwise presented in this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the scope of protection of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will understand that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, various combinations or numbers of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or a practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover apparatuses having structures and / or functionalities other than those available for practicing the various aspects of this disclosure set forth herein, or methods practiced using these other structures and / or functionalities. Any aspect of this disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0024] Various methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will now be presented with reference to them. These methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will be described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various boxes, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively, “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0025] Various aspects generally relate to wireless communication devices (WCDs) that use training data associated with distortion in sensed signals. Some aspects more specifically relate to correcting (e.g., removing) distortion from sensed signals in association with training data. In some examples, training data may include distortion measured in an environment such as a field of view without a sensed target (e.g., in a factory setting configured for calibration, in an open space where the WCD is oriented to transmit sensed signals in the direction of the absence of a sensed target, etc.). In some examples, training data may include distortion measured via a dedicated hardware path within the WCD. The WCD may use the training data to identify the presence of an object, or it may use the training data to remove distortion from sensed signals (e.g., a combination of self-interference from reflected signals after interaction with an object and sensed signals received by the WCD that did not initially interact with the object).

[0026] Specific aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. In some aspects, the training data may include information for correcting distortions, including nonlinear (NL) distortion. For example, the training data may take into account NL distortion caused by one or more transmitting elements (such as a power amplifier), or NL distortion caused by one or more receiving elements (such as a low-noise amplifier, thermal distortion, or an analog-to-digital converter (ADC)), and so on. In this way, the WCD can improve self-interference (SI) correction within the sensed signal in association with the correction of linear and NL distortions. By improving SI correction within the sensed signal, the sensing range can be improved in association with reducing SI to a sufficiently low power (e.g., the reference signal received power (RSRP)) to detect the reflection of the sensed signal after interaction with a sensed target at an increased distance from the WCD (e.g., compared to the distance at which the WCD can detect the sensed target without using training data to remove NL distortion).

[0027] Multiple access radio access technology (RAT) has been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables wireless communication devices to communicate at the city, enterprise, national, regional, or global level. For example, 5G New Radio (NR) is part of the continuous mobile broadband evolution announced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). 5G NR supports a variety of technologies and use cases, including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), millimeter wave (mmWave) technology, beamforming, network slicing, edge computing, Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity and management, and network function virtualization (NFV).

[0028] As the demand for broadband access grows and as technologies supported by wireless communication networks evolve, further technological improvements can be adopted or implemented in 5G NR or future RATs (such as 6G) to further advance the evolution of wireless communication for a wide range of existing and new use cases and applications. Such technological improvements can be associated with new frequency band extensions, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, overlapping spectrum use, small cell deployments, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, decomposed network architectures and network topology extensions, advanced duplex communication, sidelinks and other device-to-device direct communication, IoT (including passive or ambient IoT) networks, redcap UE functionality, industrial connectivity, multi-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, radio frequency (RF) sensing (“sensing”) and / or artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML), and more. These technological improvements can support use cases such as wireless backhaul, wireless data centers, extended reality (XR) and metaverse applications, meta-services for supporting vehicle connectivity, holographic and mixed reality communications, autonomous and collaborative robots, vehicle platooning and cooperative manipulation, sensor networks, posture monitoring, brain-computer interfaces, digital twin applications, asset management, and universal coverage applications using off-ground and / or aerial platforms, among others. The methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques described herein can implement one or more of the foregoing technologies and / or support one or more of the foregoing use cases.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network 100 according to the present disclosure. The wireless communication network 100 may be a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, or may include elements of a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, etc. The wireless communication network 100 may include a plurality of network nodes 110, shown as network node (NN) 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d. Network nodes 110 may support communication with a plurality of UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e).

[0030] Network nodes 110 and UEs 120 of wireless communication network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, frequency bands, carriers, and / or channels according to frequency or wavelength. For example, devices of wireless communication network 100 can communicate using one or more operating frequency bands. In some aspects, multiple wireless networks 100 can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless communication network 100 can support a specific radio access technology (RAT) (which may also be referred to as an air interface) and can operate on one or more carrier frequencies in one or more frequency ranges. Examples of RATs include 4G RAT, 5G / NR RAT, and / or 6G RAT, etc. In some examples, when multiple RATs are deployed in a given geographical area, each RAT in that geographical area can operate on a different frequency to avoid interference with each other.

[0031] Various operating frequency bands have been defined as frequency ranges designated FR1 (410 MHz to 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, in some documents and articles, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “sub-6 GHz” band. Similarly, in some documents and articles, FR2 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave” band, but this is different from the Very High Frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz to 300 GHz) identified as the “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as the mid-band frequencies, including FR3. Frequency bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 or FR2 characteristics, thereby effectively extending the characteristics of FR1 or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. Therefore, "below 6 GHz" (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, within FR1, and / or included in mid-band frequencies. Similarly, the term "millimeter wave" (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies included in mid-band frequencies, within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, or FR5, and / or within the EHF band. Higher frequency bands can extend 5G NR operation, 6G operation, and / or other RATs above 52.6 GHz. For example, each of FR4a, FR4-1, FR4, and FR5 falls within the EHF band. In some examples, the wireless communication network 100 can implement dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS), where multiple RATs (e.g., 4G / LTE and 5G / NR) are implemented within a single frequency band using dynamic bandwidth allocation (e.g., based on user demand). It is conceivable that the frequencies included in these operating frequency bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1 and / or FR5) can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0032] Network node 110 may include one or more devices, components, or systems that enable communication between UE 120 and one or more devices, components, or systems of wireless communication network 100. Network node 110 may be, may include, or may also be referred to as an NR network node, 5G network node, 6G network node, node B, eNB, gNB, access point (AP), transmit / receive point (TRP), mobility element, core, network entity, network element, network equipment, and / or another type of device, component, or system included in a radio access network (RAN).

[0033] Network node 110 may be implemented as a single physical node (e.g., a single physical structure) or as two or more physical nodes (e.g., two or more different physical structures). For example, network node 110 may be a device or system implementing a portion of a radio protocol stack, a device or system implementing a complete radio protocol stack (such as a complete gNB protocol stack), or a collection of devices or systems collectively implementing a complete radio protocol stack. For example, and as shown, network node 110 may be an aggregated network node, meaning that network node 110 can implement a complete radio protocol stack physically and logically integrated within a single node (e.g., a single physical structure) in the wireless communication network 100. For example, aggregated network node 110 may consist of a single standalone base station or a single TRP that uses a complete radio protocol stack to implement or facilitate communication between UE 120 and the core network of wireless communication network 100.

[0034] Alternatively, and also as shown in the figure, network node 110 can be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), meaning that network node 110 can realize a radio protocol stack that is physically distributed and / or logically distributed among two or more nodes in the same or different geographical locations. In some deployments, decomposed network node 110 may be used in integrated access and backhaul (IAB) networks, in open radio access networks (O-RAN) (such as network configurations following the O-RAN Alliance), or in virtualized radio access networks (vRAN) (also referred to as cloud radio access networks (C-RAN)) to facilitate scaling by decomposing base station functionality into multiple units that can be deployed independently.

[0035] Network nodes 110 of the wireless communication network 100 may include one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), and / or one or more radio units (RUs). CUs may host one or more higher-layer control functions, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) functions, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) functions, and / or Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) functions, etc. DUs may host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and / or one or more higher physical (PHY) layers, at least in part, according to functional splits (such as functional splits defined by 3GPP). In some examples, DUs may also host one or more lower PHY layer functions, such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, and / or scheduling of resources for one or more UEs 120, etc. RUs may host RF processing functions or lower PHY layer functions, such as FFT, iFFT, beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, etc., according to functional splits (such as lower-layer functional splits). In this type of architecture, each RU can be operated to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UE 120s.

[0036] In some aspects, a single network node 110 may include a combination of one or more Cu, one or more Du, and / or one or more RU. Additionally or alternatively, network node 110 may include one or more near real-time (near RT) RAN Intelligent Controllers (RICs) and / or one or more non-real-time (non-RT) RICs. In some examples, the CU, DU, and / or RU may be implemented as virtual units, such as Virtual Central Units (VCUs), Virtual Distributed Units (VDUs), or Virtual Radio Units (VRUs), etc. Virtual units may be implemented as virtual network functions, such as those associated with cloud deployments.

[0037] Some network nodes 110 (e.g., base stations, RUs, or TRPs) can provide communication coverage for specific geographic areas. In 3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of ​​network node 110 or to network node 110 itself, depending on the context in which the term is used. Network node 110 can support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, network node 110 can provide communication coverage for macro cells, pico cells, femto cells, or another type of cell. A macro cell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A femto cell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residential area) and can allow restricted access by UE 120 associated with that femto cell (e.g., UE 120 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). A network node 110 used for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. Network node 110 used for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. Network node 110 used for a femtocell may be referred to as a femto network node or a home network node. In some examples, the cell may not necessarily be stationary. For example, the geographical area of ​​the cell may be mobile based on the location of the associated mobile network node 110 (e.g., a train, satellite base station, unmanned aerial vehicle, or non-terrestrial network (NTN) network node).

[0038] The wireless communication network 100 can be a heterogeneous network, comprising different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, piconet nodes, femtonet nodes, relay network nodes, aggregation network nodes, and / or decomposition network nodes, etc. Figure 1 In the example shown, network node 110a can be a macro network node for macro cell 130a, network node 110b can be a pico network node for pico cell 130b, and network node 110c can be a femto network node for femto cell 130c. Compared to other types of network nodes 110, the various types of network nodes 110 typically transmit at different power levels, serve different coverage areas, and / or have different effects on interference in the wireless communication network 100. For example, macro network nodes may have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 watts to 2 watts).

[0039] In some examples, network node 110 may be, may include, or operate as a RU, TRP, or base station communicating with one or more UEs 120 via a radio access link (which may be referred to as a "Uu" link). The radio access link may include a downlink and an uplink. A "downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication direction from network node 110 to UE 120, and an "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication direction from UE 120 to network node 110. Downlink channels may include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. Downlink control channels may be used to transmit downlink control information (DCI) (e.g., scheduling information, reference signals, and / or configuration information) from network node 110 to UE 120. Downlink data channels may be used to transmit downlink data (e.g., user data associated with UE 120) from network node 110 to UE 120. Downlink control channels may include one or more physical downlink control channels (PDCCH), and downlink data channels may include one or more physical downlink shared channels (PDSCH). The uplink channel may similarly include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. The uplink control channel can be used to transmit uplink control information (UCI) (e.g., reference signals and / or feedback corresponding to one or more downlinks) from UE 120 to network node 110. The uplink data channel can be used to transmit uplink data (e.g., user data associated with UE 120) from UE 120 to network node 110. The uplink control channel may include one or more physical uplink control channels (PUCCH), and the uplink data channel may include one or more physical uplink shared channels (PUSCH). The downlink and uplink may each include a set of resources on which network node 110 and UE 120 can communicate.

[0040] Downlink and uplink resources may include time-domain resources (frames, subframes, time slots, and / or symbols), frequency-domain resources (bands, component carriers, subcarriers, resource blocks, and / or resource elements), and / or spatial-domain resources (specific transmission directions and / or beam parameters). Frequency-domain resources in some bands may be subdivided into bandwidth portions (BWPs). A BWP may be a contiguous block of frequency-domain resources allocated to one or more UEs 120 (e.g., a contiguous block of resource blocks). A UE 120 may be configured with both an uplink BWP and a downlink BWP (where the uplink BWP and downlink BWP may be the same BWP or different BWPs). BWPs may be dynamically configured and / or reconfigured (e.g., by sending DCI configuration to one or more UEs 120 via network node 110), meaning that BWPs may be adjusted in real-time (or near real-time) based on changing network conditions in the wireless communication network 100 and / or based on the specific requirements of one or more UEs 120. This allows for more efficient use of available frequency domain resources in the wireless communication network 100, as fewer frequency domain resources can be allocated to the BWP for UE 120 (which reduces the number of frequency domain resources that UE 120 needs to monitor), thus allowing more frequency domain resources to be distributed across multiple UE 120s. Therefore, the BWP can also assist in the implementation of such UE 120s by facilitating the configuration of smaller bandwidths for communications performed by lower-capacity UE 120s.

[0041] As indicated above, a BWP can be configured as a subset or part of the total or full component carrier bandwidth, and typically forms or covers a set of consecutive common resource blocks (CRBs) within the full component carrier bandwidth. In other words, within the carrier bandwidth, a BWP begins at a CRB and can span a set of consecutive CRBs. Each BWP can be associated with its own set of parameters (indicating subcarrier spacing (SCS) and cyclic prefix (CP)). UE 120 can be configured with up to four downlink BWPs and up to four uplink BWPs for each serving cell. To achieve reasonable UE battery consumption, under typical operation, only one downlink BWP and one uplink BWP are typically active at a given time on the active serving cell. The active BWP defines the operating bandwidth of UE 120 within the operating bandwidth of the serving cell, while all other BWPs configured on UE 120 are deactivated. On deactivated BWPs, UE 120 does not send or receive any communication.

[0042] UE 120 may be physically distributed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. UE 120 may be, may include, an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit, or may be included in an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. UE 120 may be, or may include, a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband and / or smart jewelry (such as a smart ring or smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device and / or a satellite radio), an extended reality (XR) device, a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter or sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) device (such as a Global Positioning System device or another type of positioning device), a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device or function that can communicate via a wireless medium, or may be coupled to them.

[0043] UE 120 or network node 110 may include one or more chips, system-on-a-chip (SoC), chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or include a processing system. The processing system includes processor (or “processing”) circuitry in the form of one or more processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as a central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), neural processing unit (NPU), or digital signal processor (DSP)), processing blocks, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs) (such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)), or other discrete gate or transistor logic components or circuits (all of which are generally referred to herein individually as “processors” or collectively as “processors” or “processor circuitry”). One or more of these processors may be individually or collectively configurable to perform the various functions or operations described herein. A group of processors that are collectively configurable to perform a set of functions may include a first processor configurable to perform a first function in that set, and a second processor configurable to perform a second function in that set, or may include the entire group of processors configured to perform that set of functions.

[0044] The processing system may also include memory circuitry in the form of one or more memory devices, memory blocks, memory elements, or other discrete gate or transistor logic components or circuits, each of which may include tangible storage media such as random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM) or combinations thereof (all of which are generally referred to herein individually as "memory" or collectively as "memory" or "memory circuitry"). One or more of these memories may be coupled to one or more processors in the processor (e.g., operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled) and may store processor-executable code (such as software) individually or collectively, which, when executed by one or more processors in the processor, may configure one or more processors in the processor to perform the various functions or operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, one or more processors in the processor may be pre-configured to perform the various functions or operations described herein without being configured by software. The processing system may also include or be coupled to one or more modems (such as Wi-Fi (e.g., IEEE compliant) modems or cellular (e.g., 3GPP 4G LTE, 5G, or 6G compliant) modems). In some embodiments, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more modems among the modems. The processing system may also include, or be coupled to, multiple radio components (collectively, “radio components”), multiple RF chains, or multiple transceivers, each of which may in turn be coupled to one or more antennas among multiple antennas. In some embodiments, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the radio components, RF chains, or transceivers. UE 120 or network node 110 may include, or may be included in, a housing that accommodates components associated with UE 120 or network node 110, including the processing system.

[0045] Some UEs 120 may be considered Machine Type Communication (MTC) UEs, Evolved or Enhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC) UEs, Further Enhanced eMTC (feMTC) UEs, or Enhanced feMTC (efeMTC) UEs, or further evolutions thereof, all of which may be collectively referred to as "MTC UEs". MTC UEs may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with the following: robots, unmanned aerial vehicles or drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags. Some UEs 120 may be considered IoT devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) devices. IoT UEs or NB-IoT devices may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with the following: industrial machines, appliances, refrigerators, doorbell camera devices, home automation devices, and / or lighting fixtures, etc. Some UEs 120 may be considered customer premises equipment, which may include telecommunications equipment installed at a customer location (such as a home or office) to enable access to a service provider’s network (such as being included in or communicating with the wireless communication network 100).

[0046] Some UEs 120 can be categorized according to different categories associated with varying levels of complexity and / or capabilities. UEs 120 in the first category facilitate large-scale IoT within the wireless communication network 100 and offer lower complexity and / or cost compared to UEs 120 in the second category. UEs 120 in the second category may include mission-critical IoT devices, legacy UEs, baseline UEs, high-level UEs, advanced UEs, full-capability UEs, and / or premium UEs capable of ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), and / or precise positioning, etc., within the wireless communication network 100. UEs 120 in the third category may have intermediate-level complexity and / or capabilities (e.g., capabilities between UEs 120 in the first category and UEs 120 in the second category). UEs 120 in the third category may be referred to as reduced-capability UEs (“RedCap UEs”), intermediate-level UEs, NR lightweight UEs, and / or NR simplified UEs, etc. RedCap UEs bridge the gap in capabilities and complexity between NB-IoT devices and / or eMTC UEs and mission-critical IoT devices and / or premium UEs. RedCap UEs can include, for example, wearable devices, IoT devices, industrial sensors, and / or cameras associated with limited bandwidth, power capacity, and / or transmission range. RedCap UEs can support healthcare environments, building automation, power distribution, process automation, transportation and logistics, and / or smart city deployments, among others.

[0047] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) can communicate directly with each other using sidelink communication (e.g., without communicating through a network node 110 acting as an intermediary). As an example, UE 120a can send data, control information, or other signaling directly to UE 120e as sidelink communication. This contrasts with, for example, UE 120a first sending data to network node 110 in UL communication, and then that network node sending data to UE 120e in DL communication. In various examples, UE 120 can use peer-to-peer (P2P) communication protocols, device-to-device (D2D) communication protocols, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication protocols (which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, and / or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols), and / or mesh network communication protocols to send and receive sidelink communication. In some deployments and configurations, network node 110 may schedule and / or allocate resources for sidelink communication between UEs 120 in the wireless communication network 100. In some other deployments and configurations, UE 120 (instead of network node 110) may perform or cooperate with or negotiate with one or more other UEs to perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations for sidelink communication.

[0048] In various examples, in addition to half-duplex operation, some network nodes and UEs in the wireless communication network 100, including network node 110 and UE 120, can also be configured for full-duplex operation. Network node 110 or UE 120 operating in half-duplex mode can perform only one of transmission or reception during a specific time resource period (such as a specific time slot, symbol, or other time period). Half-duplex operation may involve time division duplex (TDD), where the DL transmission of network node 110 and the UL transmission of UE 120 do not occur in the same time resource (i.e., the transmissions do not overlap in time). In contrast, network node 110 or UE 120 operating in full-duplex mode can transmit and receive communications concurrently (e.g., within the same time resource). By operating in full-duplex mode, network node 110 and / or UE 120 can generally increase the capacity of the network and radio access links. In some examples, full-duplex operation may involve frequency division duplex (FDD), in which network node 110 performs DL transmission in a first frequency band or on a first component carrier, and UE 120 performs transmission in a second frequency band or on a second component carrier, the second frequency band or the second component carrier being different from the first frequency band or the first component carrier, respectively. In some examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for UE 120 but not for network node 110. For example, UE 120 may simultaneously transmit UL to the first network node 110 and receive DL transmissions from the second network node 110 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for network node 110 but not for UE 120. For example, network node 110 may simultaneously transmit DL to the first UE 120 and receive UL transmissions from the second UE 120 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for both network node 110 and UE 120.

[0049] In some examples, UE 120 and network node 110 can perform MIMO communication. "MIMO" generally refers to the simultaneous transmission or reception of multiple signals (such as multiple layers or multiple data streams) using the same time and frequency resources. MIMO technology typically utilizes multipath propagation. MIMO can be implemented using various spatial processing or spatial multiplexing operations. In some examples, MIMO can support simultaneous transmission to multiple receivers, which is called multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO). Some radio access technologies (RATs) can employ advanced MIMO techniques such as mTRP operation (including redundant transmission or reception on multiple TRPs), reciprocity in the time or frequency domain, single-frequency network (SFN) transmission, or noncoherent joint transmission (NC-JT).

[0050] In some examples, UE 120 may implement power-saving features, such as for UE 120 in RRC connected mode, RRC idle mode, or RRC inactive mode. Power-saving features may include, for example, relaxed radio resource monitoring (such as for devices operating under low mobility or good radio conditions), discontinuous reception (DRX), reduced PDCCH monitoring during active periods, and / or power-efficient paging reception. In some examples, UE 120 may operate in association with a DRX configuration (e.g., indicated to UE 120 by network node 110). DRX operation allows UE 120 to enter sleep mode at various times while within the coverage area of ​​network node 110 to reduce power consumption and conserve battery resources, etc. The DRX configuration typically configures UE 120 to operate in association with DRX cycles. UE 120 may repeat DRX cycles at a configured periodicity according to the DRX configuration. The DRX cycle may include a DRX-enabled duration during which the UE 120 is in wake-up mode or active, and one or more durations during which the UE 120 can operate in an inactive state. These one or more durations may provide an opportunity for the UE 120 to enter a DRX sleep mode, in which the UE 120 can avoid monitoring communications from network node 110. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 120 may disable one or more antennas, RF chains, and / or other hardware components or devices when operating in DRX sleep mode.

[0051] The time during which UE 120 is configured to be active during the DRX enable duration may be referred to as the active time, and the time during which UE 120 is configured to be inactive (such as during the DRX sleep duration) may be referred to as the inactive time. During the DRX enable duration, UE 120 may monitor downlink communication from one or more network nodes 110. If UE 120 does not detect any downlink communication and / or fails to decode it during the DRX enable duration, UE 120 may enter DRX sleep mode for the duration of inactivity at the end of the DRX enable duration. Conversely, if UE 120 detects downlink communication and / or successfully decodes it during the DRX enable duration, UE 120 may remain active for the duration of the DRX inactivity timer (e.g., this may extend the active time). UE 120 may start the DRX inactivity timer when downlink communication is received. UE 120 may remain active until the DRX inactivity timer expires, at which point UE 120 may transition to sleep mode for the duration of inactivity. Additionally or alternatively, UE 120 may use a DRX period referred to as an extended DRX (eDRX) period, such as for use cases requiring latency tolerance. The eDRX period may include a relatively long inactivity time relative to the baseline DRX period (e.g., the eDRX period may have a lower ratio of active to inactive time).

[0052] In some aspects, the WCD may include UE 120 or network node 110. The WCD may include communication manager 140 or 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, communication manager 140 or 150 may: transmit training sensing signals; receive training sensing signals having a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of one or more transmitting or receiving components; transmit sensing signals; and receive sensing signals, the reception of which includes one or more of the removal or elimination of a second distortion of a self-sensing signal based on the first distortion. Additionally or alternatively, communication manager 140 or 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating communication between an example network node 210 and an example UE 220 in a wireless network according to the present disclosure. Figure 2 Network node 210 can be a reference Figure 1 The example described is network node 110. Similarly, UE 220 can be a reference. Figure 1 An example of the described UE 120.

[0054] like Figure 2As shown, network node 210 may include a data source 212, a transmit processor 214, a transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 216, a set of modems 232 (shown as 232a to 232t, where t≥1), a set of antennas 234 (shown as 234a to 234v, where v≥1), a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a data sink 239, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, a communication unit 244, a scheduler 246, and / or a communication manager 150, etc. In some configurations, one or a combination of antennas 234, modems 232, MIMO detectors 236, receive processors 238, transmit processors 214, and / or TXMIMO processors 216 may be included in the transceiver of network node 210. The transceiver may be under the control of and used by a processor (such as controller / processor 240), and in some respects, may perform aspects of the methods, procedures, and / or operations described herein in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in memory 242. In some respects, network node 210 may include one or more interfaces, communication components, and / or other components that facilitate communication with UE 220 or another network node.

[0055] The terms “processor,” “controller,” or “controller / processor” can refer to one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. For example, references to “a / the processor,” “a / the controller / processor,” etc. (in the singular) should be understood as referring to a combination of… Figure 2 The processor described refers to any one or more processors, such as a single processor or a combination of multiple different processors. The reference to "one or more processors" should be understood as referring to a combination of... Figure 2 Any one or more processors described herein. For example, one or more processors of network node 210 may include transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. Similarly, one or more processors of UE 220 may include MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, and / or controller / processor 280.

[0056] In some aspects, a single processor can be described as capable of performing all operations performed by one or more processors. In some aspects, a first set of processors(one or more) of one or more processors can be described as capable of performing a first operation performed by those processors, and a second set of processors(one or more) of one or more processors can be described as capable of performing a second function performed by those processors. The processors in the first set and the processors in the second set can be the same set of processors or can be different sets of processors. The reference to "one or more memories" should be understood to mean any one or more memories of the corresponding device, such as combined... Figure 2 The memory described. For example, a function described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or by different subsets of the one or more memories.

[0057] For downlink communication from network node 210 to UE 220, transmitting processor 214 may receive data (“downlink data”) intended for use by UE 220 (or a set of UEs including UE 220) from data source 212 (such as a data pipeline or data queue). In some examples, transmitting processor 214 may select one or more MCSs for UE 220 based on one or more Channel Quality Indicators (CQIs) received from UE 220. Network node 210 may process the data (e.g., including encoding the data) based on the MCS selected for UE 220 for transmission to UE 220 on the downlink, thereby generating data symbols. Transmitting processor 214 may process system information (e.g., semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and / or control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper-layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and / or control symbols. The transmitting processor 214 can generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), or channel state information (CSI) reference signals (CSI-RS)) and / or synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)).

[0058] The TX MIMO processor 216 can perform space processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols where applicable, and can output a set of symbol streams (e.g., TA set of output symbol streams is provided to modem 232. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a corresponding modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 may use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., modulate) the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a time-domain downlink signal. Modems 232a to 232t may transmit the set of downlink signals (e.g., via a set of corresponding antennas 234) together. T (One downlink signal).

[0059] Downlink signaling may include DCI communication, MAC control element (MAC CE) communication, RRC communication, downlink reference signaling, or another type of downlink communication. Downlink signaling may be transmitted on the PDCCH, PDSCH, and / or another downlink channel. Downlink signaling may carry one or more transport blocks (TBs) of data. A TB may be a data unit transmitted via the air interface in the wireless communication network 100. A data stream (e.g., from data source 212) may be encoded into multiple TBs for transmission via the air interface. The number of TBs used to carry data associated with a particular data stream may be associated with a TB size shared by multiple TBs. The TB size may be based on the radio channel conditions of the air interface, the MCS used to encode the data, downlink resources allocated for transmitting data, and / or other parameters, or otherwise associated with them. Generally, a larger TB size allows for a larger amount of data to be transmitted in a single transmission, reducing signaling overhead. However, a larger TB size may be more prone to transmission and / or reception errors than a smaller TB size, but such errors can be mitigated through more robust error correction techniques.

[0060] For uplink communication from UE 220 to network node 210, the uplink signal from UE 220 may be received by antenna 234, processed by modem 232 (e.g., demodulator component of modem 232, shown as DEMOD), detected where applicable by MIMO detector 236 (e.g., receive (Rx) MIMO processor), and / or further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and / or control information. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to data sink 239 (which may be a data pipeline, data queue, and / or another type of data sink) and provide the decoded control information to processors such as controller / processor 240.

[0061] Network node 210 may use scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 220 for downlink or uplink communication. In some aspects, scheduler 246 may use DCI to dynamically schedule DL transmissions to and / or UL transmissions from UE 220. In some examples, scheduler 246 may allocate repetitive time-domain and / or frequency-domain resources that UE 220 may use for transmission and / or reception of communication using RRC configuration (e.g., semi-static configuration), for example, to perform semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) or to configure configuration grant (CG) for UE 220.

[0062] One or more of the following may be included in the RF chain of network node 210: transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. The RF chain may include filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and / or other devices for converting analog signals (such as those used for transmission or reception via an air interface) to digital signals (such as those used for processing by one or more processors of network node 210). In some aspects, the RF chain may be a transceiver of network node 210, or may be included in such a transceiver.

[0063] In some examples, network node 210 may use communication unit 244 to communicate with the core network and / or other network nodes. Communication unit 244 may support wired and / or wireless communication protocols and / or connections, such as Ethernet, fiber optic, Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), and / or wired or wireless backhaul, etc. Network node 210 may use communication unit 244 to send and / or receive data associated with UE 220, or to execute network control signaling, etc. Communication unit 244 may include transceivers and / or interfaces, such as network interfaces.

[0064] UE 220 may include a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r, where r ≥ 1), a set of modems 254 (shown as modems 254a to 254u, where u ≥ 1), a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a data sink 260, a data source 262, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, a memory 282, and / or a communication manager 140, etc. One or more components of UE 220 may be included in housing 284. In some aspects, one or a combination of antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, or TX MIMO processor 266 may be included in a transceiver included in UE 220. The transceiver may be under the control of and used by a processor (such as controller / processor 280), and in some respects, may perform aspects of the methods, procedures, or operations described herein in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in memory 282. In some respects, UE 220 may include another interface, another communication component, and / or another component that facilitates communication with network node 210 and / or another UE 220.

[0065] For downlink communication from network node 210 to UE 220, the set of antennas 252 can receive downlink communication or signals from network node 210, and can receive the set of downlink signals (e.g., R Each received signal is provided to a set of modems 254. For example, each received signal may be provided to a corresponding demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding demodulator component to further demodulate or process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain a received symbol. MIMO detector 256 may obtain the received symbols from the set of modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols where applicable, and may provide the detected symbols. Receiver processor 258 may process (e.g., decode) the detected symbols, may provide the decoded data for UE 220 to data sink 260 (such as a data pipeline, data queue, and / or application executed on UE 220), and may provide the decoded control information and system information to controller / processor 280.

[0066] For uplink communication from UE 220 to network node 210, transmitting processor 264 may receive and process data (“uplink data”) from data source 262 (such as data pipelines, data queues, and / or applications running on UE 220) and control information from controller / processor 280. The control information may include one or more parameters, feedback, one or more signal measurements, and / or other types of control information. In some aspects, receiving processor 258 and / or controller / processor 280 may determine one or more parameters related to the transmission of uplink communication for received signals (such as those received from network node 210 or another UE). One or more parameters may include RSRP parameters, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) parameters, Reference Signal Receive Quality (RSRQ) parameters, CQI parameters, or Transmit Power Control (TPC) parameters, etc. The control information may include indications of RSRP parameters, RSSI parameters, RSRQ parameters, CQI parameters, TPC parameters, and / or other parameters. The control information may facilitate parameter selection and / or scheduling for UE 220 by network node 210.

[0067] Transmit processor 264 can generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals, such as uplink DMRS, uplink sounding reference signal (SRS), and / or another type of reference signal. Symbols from transmit processor 264 can be pre-decoded by TX MIMO processor 266 (where applicable) and further processed by an assembly of modems 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM). TX MIMO processor 266 can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-decoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols (where applicable) and can provide an output symbol stream set (e.g., ...) to the assembly of modems 254. R Each output symbol stream may be provided to a corresponding modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., modulate) the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 254 may further use the corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain an uplink signal.

[0068] Modems 254a to 254r can transmit uplink signal sets (e.g., via a set of corresponding antennas 252) RUplink signals may include uplink control information (UCI) communications, MAC CE communications, RRC communications, or another type of uplink communication. Uplink signals may be transmitted on PUSCH, PUCCH, and / or another type of uplink channel. Uplink signals may carry one or more TBs of data. Sidelink data and control transmission (i.e., transmission directly between two or more UEs 220) may typically use techniques similar to those described for uplink data and control transmission, and may use sidelink-specific channels such as the Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH), and / or Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH).

[0069] One or more antennas in the set of antennas 252 or the set of antennas 234 may include one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, etc., or may be included in one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or with one or more transmitting or receiving components (such as...) Figure 2 An antenna module is a combination of one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more components. As used herein, "antenna" can mean one or more antennas, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more collections of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays. "Antenna panel" can mean a group of antennas (such as antenna elements) arranged in an array or panel that can facilitate beamforming by manipulating the parameters of that group of antennas. "Antenna module" can mean a circuit that includes one or more antennas, and may also include one or more other components (such as filters, amplifiers, or processors) associated with integrating the antenna module into a wireless communication device.

[0070] In some examples, each antenna element of antenna 234 or antenna 252 may include one or more sub-elements for radiating or receiving radio frequency signals. For example, a single antenna element may include a first sub-element cross-polarized with a second sub-element, which can be used to independently transmit cross-polarized signals. Antenna elements may include patch antennas, dipole antennas, and / or other types of antennas arranged in a linear pattern, a two-dimensional pattern, or another pattern. The spacing between antenna elements can allow signals with a desired wavelength transmitted individually by the antenna elements to interact or interfere (e.g., to form a desired beam) in various directions. For example, given a desired wavelength or frequency range, the spacing may provide a quarter wavelength, half a wavelength, or another fraction of the wavelength between adjacent antenna elements to allow desired constructive and destructive interference modes of signals transmitted by individual antenna elements within that desired range.

[0071] The amplitude and / or phase of signals transmitted via antenna elements and / or sub-elements can be modulated and (e.g., by manipulating phase shifts, phase offsets, and / or amplitudes) shifted relative to each other to generate one or more beams; this is known as beamforming. The term "beam" can refer to the directional transmission of a wireless signal toward a receiving device or otherwise in a desired direction. "Beam" can also generally refer to the direction associated with such directional signal transmission, the set of directional resources associated with the signal transmission (e.g., angle of arrival, horizontal direction, and / or vertical direction), and / or a set of parameters indicating one or more aspects of the directional signal, the direction associated with the signal, and / or the set of directional resources associated with the signal. In some implementations, antenna elements can be individually selected or deselected for the directional transmission of a signal (or multiple signals) by controlling the amplitude of one or more corresponding amplifiers and / or the phase of the signal to form one or more beams. The shape of the beam (such as amplitude, width, and / or the presence of sidelobes) and / or the direction of the beam (such as the angle of the beam relative to a surface) can be dynamically controlled by modifying the phase shifts, phase offsets, and / or amplitudes of multiple signals relative to each other.

[0072] Different UEs 220 or network nodes 110 may include different numbers of antenna elements. For example, UE 220 may include a single antenna element, two antenna elements, four antenna elements, eight antenna elements, or different numbers of antenna elements. As another example, network node 210 may include eight antenna elements, 24 antenna elements, 64 antenna elements, 128 antenna elements, or different numbers of antenna elements. Generally speaking, a larger number of antenna elements provides increased control over the parameters used for beamforming compared to a smaller number of antenna elements, while a smaller number of antenna elements may be less complex to implement and can use less power. Multiple antenna elements can support multi-layer transmission, in which the same time and frequency resources are used to utilize spatial multiplexing to transmit a first layer of communication (which may include a first data stream) and a second layer of communication (which may include a second data stream).

[0073] Network node 210 may provide UE 220 with a configuration of Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) states, which indicate or correspond to beams that UE 220 may use for, for example, receiving one or more communications via a physical channel. For example, network node 210 may (e.g., using DCI) indicate an active TCI state to UE 220, which UE 220 may use to generate a beam for receiving one or more communications via a physical channel. The beam indication may be, or may include, TCI state information elements, beam identifier (ID), spatial relation information, TCI state ID, closed-loop index, panel ID, TRP ID, and / or SRS set ID, etc. TCI state information elements (sometimes referred to herein as TCI state) may indicate specific information associated with the beam. For example, TCI state information elements may indicate a TCI state identifier (e.g., tci- StateID Quasi-common address (QCL) type (e.g., qcl-Type1 , qcl-Type2 , qcl-TypeA , qcl-TypeB , qcl- Type C or qcl-TypeD etc.), community signage (e.g., ServCellIndex ), bandwidth part identifier ( bwp-Id ) or reference signal identifier (such as CSI-RS identifier (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId or SSB-Index(etc.) Spatial relationship information can similarly indicate information associated with the uplink beam. Beam indication can be joint or separate DL / UL beam indication within a unified TCI framework. Within a unified TCI framework, the network can support common TCI state ID updates and activations, which can provide common QCL and / or common UL transmit spatial filters across a set of configured component carriers. This type of beam indication can be applied to in-band CA as well as joint DL / UL beam indication and separate DL / UL beam indication. A common TCI state ID can refer to a reference signal determined based on the TCI state indicated by the common TCI state ID, used to provide QCL type D indication and determine the UL transmit spatial filter across a set of configured CCs.

[0074] In some examples, the network may use at least a UE-specific (unicast) DCI to indicate a combined or individual DL / UL beam indication selectable from the active TCI state, thereby supporting Layer 1 (L1) based beam indication. In some examples, DCI formats 1_1 and / or 1_2 may be used for beam indication. Network node 210 may include a support mechanism for UE 220 to acknowledge successful decoding of the beam indication. For example, acknowledgment / negation of a PDSCH scheduled by a DCI carrying the beam indication may also be used as acknowledgment for the DCI.

[0075] Further efficiency improvements in throughput, signal strength, and / or other signal properties can be achieved through beam refinement. For example, network node 210 may be able to communicate with UE 220 using beams of various beamwidths. For instance, network node 210 may be configured to utilize a wider beam to communicate with UE 220 when UE 220 is in motion, as wider coverage increases the likelihood that UE 220 will remain within the coverage area of ​​network node 210 while moving. Conversely, when UE 220 is stationary, network node 210 uses a narrower beam to communicate with UE 220, as network node 210 can reliably focus coverage on UE 220, and the likelihood of UE 220 moving out of the coverage area of ​​network node 210 is low or minimal. In some examples, to select a specific beam for communicating with UE 220, network node 210 may transmit reference signals, such as synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) or CSI-RS, in a beam-sweeping manner on each of multiple beams. In some examples, the SSB can be transmitted on a wider beam, while the CSI-RS can be transmitted on a narrower beam. The UE 220 can measure the RSRP or signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) on each of the beams and send a beam measurement report (e.g., an L1 measurement report) to the network node 210 indicating the RSRP or SINR associated with each of one or more of the measured beams. The network node 210 can then select a specific beam for communicating with the UE 220 based on the L1 measurement report. In some other examples, when channel reciprocity exists between the uplink and downlink, the network node 210 can derive a specific beam for communicating with the UE 220 (e.g., on both the uplink and downlink) based on uplink measurements of one or more uplink reference signals (such as SRS) transmitted by the UE 220.

[0076] One enhancement for multi-beam operation at higher carrier frequencies is to facilitate efficient (e.g., low latency and low overhead) downlink and / or uplink beam management operations to support higher Layer 1 and / or Layer 2 (L1 / L2) centered inter-cell mobility. L1 and / or L2 signaling, referred to as “lower layer” signaling, can be used to activate and / or deactivate candidate cells in a set of cells configured for L1 / L2 mobility, and / or provide reference signals for measurement by UE 220, which can then select candidate beams as target beams for lower layer handover operations. Therefore, one objective of L1 / L2 centered inter-cell mobility is to enable UEs to perform cell handover via dynamic control signaling at lower layers (e.g., DCI for L1 signaling or Media Access Control (MAC) control elements (MAC CE) for L2 signaling) instead of semi-static Layer 3 (L3) RRC signaling, in order to reduce latency, lower overhead, and / or otherwise improve the efficiency of cell handover.

[0077] In some examples, for UE 220, one antenna panel can be used for UL transmission and another for DL ​​reception. In some examples, full-duplex communication can be conditional on beam separation of the UL and DL beams at the respective antenna panels. Utilizing full-duplex communication can reduce latency, making it possible to receive DL signals in UL-only time slots, thus achieving latency savings. Furthermore, full-duplex communication can enhance spectral efficiency per cell or per UE 220 and enable more efficient resource utilization. Beam separation of the UL and DL beams helps limit or reduce self-interference that may occur during full-duplex communication. Separating the UL and DL beams on their respective antenna panels can provide reliable full-duplex communication by minimizing or reducing self-interference.

[0078] Full-duplex UE 220 can perform a self-interference measurement (SIM) procedure to identify self-interference from transmissions of full-duplex UE 220. Full-duplex network node 210 can also perform a SIM procedure to identify self-interference from transmissions of full-duplex network node 210. UE 220 can provide a measurement report to network node 210 to indicate the results of the UE SIM. Network node 210 can select multiple beam pairs (referred to herein as "beam pairs") for use during full-duplex communication for UE 220 ("UE beam pair") and network node 210 ("network node beam pair"). Beam pairs typically include receive (Rx) beams and transmit (Tx) beams, such as DL beams and UL beams for UE 220, and similarly, UL beams and DL beams for network node 210.

[0079] Figure 3This is an illustration of an example disaggregated base station architecture 300 according to this disclosure. One or more components of the example disaggregated base station architecture 300 may be, may include, or may be included in one or more network nodes (such as one or more network nodes 110 or one or more network nodes 210). The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310, which may communicate directly with the core network 320 via a backhaul link, or may communicate indirectly with the core network 320 via one or more disaggregated control units (such as near-RT RIC 325 (e.g., via an E2 link) and / or a non-RT RIC 315 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 305). The CU 310 may communicate with one or more Du 330s via a corresponding midhaul link (such as via an F1 interface). Each Du in the Du 330 may communicate with one or more RU 340s via a corresponding fronthaul link. Each RU in the RU 340 may communicate with one or more UE 120s via a corresponding RF access link. In some deployments, UE 120 can be served by multiple RU 340s simultaneously.

[0080] Each component in the components of the decomposed base station architecture 300 (including Cu 310, Du 330, RU 340, near-RT RIC 325, non-RT RIC 315, and SMO frame 305) may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled to one or more interfaces for receiving or transmitting signals, such as data or information, via wired or wireless transmission media.

[0081] In some respects, the CU 310 can be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 310 can be deployed to communicate with one or more DU 330s for network control and signaling, as needed. Each DU 330 can correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 340s. For example, the DU 330 can host various layers, such as the RLC layer, MAC layer, or one or more PHY layers (such as one or more high PHY layers or one or more low PHY layers). Each layer (which may also be referred to as a module) can be implemented using an interface for signaling to other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or for signaling to control functions hosted by the CU 310. Each RU 340 can implement lower-layer functionality. In some respects, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of communication with the control plane and user plane of the RU 340 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 330.

[0082] The SMO framework 305 supports RAN deployment and provisioning for both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 supports the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 can interact with cloud computing platforms such as the Open Cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via cloud computing platform interfaces such as the O2 interface. Virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, non-RT RIC 315, and / or near-RT RIC 325. In some aspects, the SMO framework 305 can communicate with hardware aspects of the 4G RAN, 5G NR RAN, and / or 6G RAN (such as the Open eNB (O-eNB) 311) via the O1 interface. Additionally or alternatively, the SMO framework 305 can communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via the respective O1 interface. In some deployments, this configuration enables each DU 330 and CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

[0083] The non-RT RIC 315 may include or implement logical functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows for model training and updates, and / or policy-based guidance of applications and / or features in the near-RT RIC 325. The non-RT RIC 315 may be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 325, such as via an A1 interface. The near-RT RIC 325 may include or implement logical functions that enable near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via an interface, such as an E2 interface, through data collection and action, connecting one or more cU 310s, one or more dU 330s, and / or O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 325.

[0084] In some respects, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 325, the non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 325 and can be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 305 or the non-RT RIC 315. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 315 or near-RT RIC 325 may modulate RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and may employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 305 (such as reconfiguration via the O1 interface) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies).

[0085] Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 3 The controller / processor 240 of network node 110 and network node 210, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120 and UE 220, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, or any other component may implement one or more technologies or perform one or more operations associated with distortion removal of self-sensed signals, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of network node 210, the controller / processor 280 of UE 220, Figure 2 Any other component, CU 310, DU 330, or RU 340 may (alone or in combination with one or more other processors) perform or direct, for example... Figure 10 The operation of process 1000 or other processes as described herein. Memory 242 may store data and program code for network node 110, network node 210, CU 310, DU 330, or RU 340. Memory 282 may store data and program code for UE 120 or UE 220. In some examples, memory 242 or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instruction sets (e.g., code or program code) for wireless communication. Memory 242 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same or different types). Memory 282 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same or different types). For example, the instruction set may be made to be executed by one or more processors of network node 210, UE 220, CU 310, DU 330, or RU 340 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, transformation, or interpretation). Figure 10The process 1000 or other processes as described herein. In some examples, the execution instructions may include run instructions, transform instructions, compile instructions, and / or interpret instructions, etc.

[0086] In some aspects, WCD 405 includes: means for transmitting a training sensing signal; means for receiving the training sensing signal via one or more receiving components, the training sensing signal having a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of one or more transmitting or receiving components; means for transmitting the sensing signal; and / or means for receiving the sensing signal, the reception of the sensing signal including one or more of the removal or elimination of a second distortion of a self-sensing signal based on the first distortion. In some aspects, the means for WCD 405 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of a communication manager 150, a transmitting processor 240, a TX MIMO processor 230, a modem 232, an antenna 234, a MIMO detector 236, a receiving processor 238, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, or a scheduler 246. In some respects, components for the WCD 405 to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: a communication manager 140, an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, or a memory 282.

[0087] Figure 4 Example 400 of the SI of the sensed signal according to this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 4 As shown, a WCD 405 (such as UE120 or 220 or network node 110 or 210) can be configured to transmit sensing signals to detect objects (such as sensing targets) within an environment such as a field of view. The WCD 405 may include a transmitting analog front-end (AFE) 410 and a receiving AFE 415. The transmitting AFE 410 may be coupled to a transmitting antenna 420, and the receiving AFE 415 may be coupled to a receiving antenna 425. Although shown as different antennas, the transmitting antenna 420 and the receiving antenna 425 may include one or more antennas in the two sets of transmitting antenna 420 and receiving antenna 425.

[0088] The transmitting AFE 410 can transmit a sensing signal 430 toward the object 435 via the transmitting antenna 420. The sensing signal 430 can interact with the object (e.g., be reflected or scattered from the object) and return toward the WCD 405 for reception via the receiving antenna 425. In addition to the sensing signal 430 after interaction with the object, the receiving antenna 425 can also receive the sensing signal 430 as SI 440 (e.g., the received sensing signal that did not interact with the object 435).

[0089] Because the isolation between the transmit and receive signals in the WCD 405 can be less than 30dB and the common phase error (CPE) can be less than 70dB, a significant portion of the transmit signal can "leak" into the main receive signal.

[0090] For example, even for a CPE, the RSSI of the SI can be 30 dB to 40 dB larger than the RSSI of the sensed signal 430 after interacting with the object 435 at a reasonable distance for sensing, which can cause the SI to dominate the sensed signal 430. This can further cause the nonlinear effects of the transmitting AFE 410 and receiving AFE 415 to dominate the performance of the main received signal (the sensed signal 430 after interacting with the object 435) and limit the range of sensing capabilities of the WCD 405.

[0091] In some networks, the RSSI of SI 440 is significantly greater than that of the sensing signal 430, and the sensing performance of WCD 405 may be limited due to the limited dynamic range of the receiving and transmitting components of WCD 405, and the SI-dominated nonlinear impairments of the transmitting AFE 410 and receiving AFE 415.

[0092] The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the sensed signal 430 may be limited in association with noise, which is associated with the distortion of the sensed signal 430. For example, the noise may include noise from the receiving AFE 415 (such as thermal noise (e.g., back noise figure), NL noise associated with the AFE (e.g., associated with a low-noise amplifier (LNA) or variable-gain amplifier (VGA), etc.), or NL noise associated with an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), etc.). In some examples, the noise may include noise from the transmitting AFE 410, such as NL noise associated with the PA, which may have a received power higher than or approximately equal to the received power of the sensed signal 430.

[0093] Some WCDs may attempt to correct for a portion of the noise associated with the sensed signal 430. For example, WCD 405 may attempt to reduce the impact of the NL of the received AFE 415. For example, associated with the RSSI of SI 440 being greater than the RSSI of the sensed signal 430, an optimal automatic gain control (AGC) strategy may be used to focus the gain state (GS) of the received AFE 415 on the RSSI of SI (e.g., assuming the RSSI of the sensed signal 430 is negligible). This technique may introduce an increased noise figure (NF) while optimizing the overall SNR. However, even if the overall SNR is optimized, the impact of the third-order NL intermodulation (IM3) of the received AFE 415 on a portion of the sensed signal 430 can be significant and may limit the performance of the sensing operation.

[0094] The WCD 405 can attempt to reduce the impact of the transmit AFE 410's noise floor. For some WCDs, handling the transmit AFE 410's noise floor may be limited by the chosen baseband algorithm. (When SI / EVM) thermal noise SI / EVM < Thermal Noise / 10 When the noise floor (NL) is <-10dB relative to thermal noise, the error vector magnitude (EVM) of the transmitted AFE 410 can have a small impact. However, the NL of the transmitted AFE 410 can affect the performance of signals where the SI isolation is not high (which can be common for UEs or customer premises equipment (CPEs)).

[0095] The total signal-to-quantization noise ratio (SQNR) with SI can be identified as: The dynamic range of the ADC (Denali) can be approximately 54 dB, and .

[0096] This analysis excludes clipping (related to low dBFs) and other NL effects of the ADC, such as differential NL (DNL) or integral NL (INL), although clipping is not expected to introduce a significant effect for dBFs >10 dB relative to full scale. Additional processing gain for symbol combinations may be omitted in this notation.

[0097] In some examples, with more than a single symbol, processing gain can be used to mitigate the impact of NL caused by the ADC. In this way, because the SNR operating point in sensing is small, the total impact of the ADC can be small, even for small isolation.

[0098] Some WCDs can use analog interference cancellation (AIC) to improve the SI effect. For example, AIC may include sampling a portion of the RF signal (e.g., the sensed signal 430) (e.g., via a coupler) and normalizing the RF signal (e.g., in phase and amplitude) using an adjustable attenuator (e.g., using a dedicated low-speed digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and a least mean square (LMS) method). The WCD 405 can then subtract the interference in the received RF domain at the LNA input. However, AIC can produce a relatively large noise figure (NF) or unstable group delay, which may result in “notch filtering” in the frequency domain that reduces cancellation efficiency. Additionally or alternatively, AIC can have significant hardware costs (e.g., in the FR2 or higher frequency range).

[0099] Digital interference cancellation (DIC) can be used to improve the SI effect. For example, DIC may include using the WCD405's knowledge of the transmitted signal (e.g., the sensed signal 430) in the digital domain to synthesize the SI, and may measure and record the signal following an NL model (e.g., a combination of transmitted NL, received NL, and a linear air channel). Some WCDs may use a single-tap minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalizer, in which cross-correlation is estimated, and this cross-correlation is used to fine-tune the phase or amplitude of the measured reference signal before subtracting the measured (e.g., recorded) reference signal from the measurement of the received sensed signal. In some aspects, to reduce thermal noise enhancement for the measurement, several repetitions and averaging may be performed.

[0100] In some respects, instead of measuring and recording a reference, WCD can estimate the complete NL channel (e.g., instead of using a simple single tap), and this estimation of the NL channel can be used to model SI (e.g., using a known transmitted signal or reference), and the model of SI can be subtracted from the measurement of the received sensed signal.

[0101] This process is also known as NL interference cancellation (NLIC). However, estimating an accurate NL model under various NL conditions involving cascades of several linear / NL models can be challenging, and performance may be limited.

[0102] Examples of specific implementations of “single-tap MMSE” can include eliminating the linear portion of SI in the digital receiver components. The “single-tap” MMSE coefficients can be estimated to align phase / gain mismatches, where equalization can be applied before elimination. This method is sensitive to RX / TX NL effects, and all processing is performed in mission mode (e.g., during the attempt to perform sensing operation).

[0103] When a dominant SI exists (e.g., in a sensing scenario), neither AIC nor DIC can efficiently handle the NL effects of AFE.

[0104] In some aspects described herein, the WCD can use training data associated with distortion in the sensed signal to correct (e.g., remove) distortion from the sensed signal in association with that training data. In some examples, the training data may include distortion measured in an environment such as a field of view without a sensed target (e.g., in a factory setup configured for calibration or in an open space where the WCD is oriented to send sensed signals in the direction of the absence of a sensed target, etc.). In some examples, the training data may include distortion measured via a dedicated hardware path within the WCD. The WCD may use the training data to identify the presence of an object, or it may use the training data to remove distortion from the sensed signal (e.g., a combination of self-interference from reflected signals after interaction with an object and sensed signals received by the WCD that did not initially interact with the object).

[0105] In some operations, the WCD can use knowledge of the sensed signal, including known group delay and known impairments (e.g., transmit and receive nonlinearities or channel characteristics), to identify and correct the sensed signal's SI (Self-Induced Inference). For example, the WCD can use a "single-tap" type algorithm, or identify and record the SI measured in a test environment for use in the receiver AFE 415. The identified SI may include linear and nonlinear impairments, which the WCD can use for elimination in mission mode.

[0106] In task mode, some variations in phase or amplitude distortion or offset may occur (e.g., associated with aging or temperature changes), which can be addressed by applying a "single-tap" digital equalization before elimination. This technique can be relatively insensitive to the effects of RX and TX NL. However, this can add approximately 3 dB of thermal noise to the estimator, which can be mitigated to further improve performance. For example, WCD can mitigate the noise (thermal noise) by averaging multiple records of SI (e.g., saved measurements).

[0107] In some aspects, the WCD can acquire SI measurements (e.g., test information associated with SI during training operations) to identify RF damage in the absence of an unwanted target (e.g., a return wave with a "0"). SI measurements during training operations can identify a first distortion as a reference distortion associated with a return wave without interaction with the object. For example, the WCD can be trained using a dedicated factory without a sensing target. This can be used to acquire a reference distortion for calibration using a clean environment. In another example, the WCD can utilize user assistance by requesting the user to orient the WCD toward open space (e.g., the sky or any other direction where no target exists) and then initiating a measurement for reference acquisition. In some aspects, the WCD can request input from the user to instruct the WCD to be oriented in a direction suitable for reference acquisition (e.g., acquisition of distortion measurements in the absence of a sensing target). In some aspects, the WCD can initiate an update process associated with temperature changes or WCD aging.

[0108] In another example, the WCD 405 can use a dedicated hardware path (e.g., similar to that used for AIC) from the transmit antenna to the LNA input of the receive AFE to measure or record a reference signal. In some aspects, the WCD can align the feedback and SI arriving from the dedicated hardware path in amplitude and phase (e.g., using an LMS method associated with AIC). The WCD can also turn off the receive antenna 425 and record the SI from the feedback path. In some aspects, the WCD can repeatedly measure the SI from the feedback path to mitigate thermal noise. The WCD can then digitally align the recorded group delay to match the group delay of the SI.

[0109] When attempting to perform a sensing process using reference distortion, the WCD can transmit multiple symbols of the sensing signal, each with a different scrambling code. The WCD can estimate the correlation with the reference distortion on each symbol and average the correlation results. If the average correlation result converges to the ideal reference correlation (e.g., the correlation result associated with measurements under ideal conditions, during sterile plant training, or using a hardware-assisted solution), then there is no sensing target in the record. If there is no sensing target in the record, the recorded reference (indexed by each scrambling code sequence) can be used for subsequent sensing processes (e.g., task modes).

[0110] If a target is identified, WCD can use previously known reference distortion or fall back to a linear single-tap method.

[0111] In association with training data that takes into account NL distortion caused by one or more transmitting elements, WCD can improve SI correction within the sensed signal by correcting for linearity and NL distortion. By improving SI correction within the sensed signal, the sensing range can be improved in association with reducing SI to a sufficiently low power (e.g., RSRP) to detect reflections of the sensed signal after interaction with a sensed target at an increased distance from WCD (e.g., compared to the distance at which WCD can detect the sensed target without using training data to remove NL distortion).

[0112] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating example 500 related to distortion removal of self-sensing signals according to this disclosure. (See diagram for example.) Figure 5 As shown, the WCD (e.g., UE 120 or 220 or network node 110 or 210) can perform sensing training operations and sensing operations. In the aspects described herein, distortion removal can include distortion elimination.

[0113] As shown in the first operation 505, the WCD can provide instructions for orienting the WCD for sensing training operations. For example, the instructions may instruct a user to guide (e.g., the user guides) the transmitting or receiving antenna to an environment such as one where there are no objects to be sensed. In some aspects, the instructions may be associated with the detection of changes in one or more parameters at the WCD. For example, the WCD may detect changes in the ambient temperature, the temperature of the WCD, or the satisfaction of a lifetime threshold for the WCD's lifetime, etc.

[0114] As shown in the second operation 510, the WCD can receive input associated with initiating a sensing training operation. For example, the input can instruct the sensing beam to be directed to an environment such as a field of view where there are no objects to be sensed.

[0115] In some respects, the WCD may receive input associated with initiating a sense training operation in connection with instructions that orient the WCD for performing sense training operations. For example, the instructions may direct the UE to an environment where there are no objects to be sensed, and the input may indicate that the user has followed the instructions or that the WCD is ready to perform a sense training operation.

[0116] Alternatively, the WCD may receive input associated with initiating a sensing training operation independently of providing the instructions described in conjunction with the first operation 505 (e.g., in the absence of such instructions). For example, the WCD may receive input from a computing device, a calibration device (e.g., in a factory or cleanroom environment), or from a network node, etc.

[0117] As shown in the third operation 515, the WCD can transmit a training signal. For example, the WCD can transmit the training signal in association with the input described in conjunction with the second operation 510. Alternatively, the WCD can transmit the training signal independently of the input described in conjunction with the second operation 510 (e.g., in the absence of that input).

[0118] As shown in the fourth operation 520, the WCD can receive training signals. For example, the WCD can receive training signals as SI signals without first interacting with the sensing target or other objects.

[0119] In some respects, the WCD can send and receive training sensing signals in a testing environment. For example, the WCD can send and receive sensing signals in a factory environment or in a cleanroom environment where there are no objects for sensing. In some respects, the testing environment may not have objects that are expected to reflect or scatter the training sensing signals back to the WCD.

[0120] In some aspects, the WCD can transmit training sensing signals over the air (e.g., via a transmitting antenna) and can receive training sensing signals via a bus that couples a first AFE of the transmitting antenna to a second AFE of the receiving antenna. In some aspects, the WCD can transmit training sensing signals over the air and can receive training sensing signals over the air.

[0121] As shown in operation 525, the WCD may identify a first distortion associated with one or more NLs of the WCD. In some aspects, the training sensing signal received by the WCD may include linear distortion and NL distortion. For example, the training sensing signal may have a first distortion associated with one or more transmitting components of the WCD or one or more NLs of one or more receiving components of the WCD. In some aspects, the first distortion may be associated with a set of temperatures or a set of transmitted powers. For example, the first distortion may be associated with a reference temperature, a set of temperatures, or a temperature range (such as in a table mapping distortion to temperatures). As another example, the first distortion may be associated with a reference transmitted power, a set of transmitted powers, or a range of transmitted powers (such as in a table mapping first distortion to transmitted power). The first distortion may be a reference distortion used in subsequent sensing operations.

[0122] As shown in the sixth operation 530, the WCD can transmit a sensing signal. In some aspects, the WCD can use a set of symbols to transmit the sensing signal, wherein different scrambling codes are applied to the corresponding symbols in the set of symbols.

[0123] As shown in the seventh operation 535, the WCD can receive a sensing signal. For example, the received sensing signal may include a first portion as SI and a second portion interacting with the sensing target (e.g., after reflection or scattering). In some aspects, associated with receiving the sensing signal, the WCD can estimate the correlation of corresponding symbols, combine these correlations, and identify the presence of a sensing target in the sensing beam in association with the combined correlations. For example, the WCD can compare the combined correlations to determine whether the current environment has the same distortion as the test environment associated with the training sensing signal. In some aspects, the WCD can identify the absence of a sensing target within the sensing beam in association with the correlation of a combination of sets of symbols, the correlation of which has a similarity to the correlation of the combination of training sensing signals that satisfies a threshold. In some aspects, associated with the failure to detect the presence of a sensing target, the WCD can use measurements of the received sensing signal to update the first distortion (e.g., using the sensing signal as a training sensing signal).

[0124] In some aspects, in association with the detection of a sensed target, the WCD may perform an eighth operation 540 to remove a second distortion associated with the first distortion. In some aspects, the WCD may identify the presence of a sensed target within the sense beam in association with the correlation of a combination of sets of symbols, the correlation of which has a similarity to the correlation of a combination of training sense signals that does not meet a threshold.

[0125] As shown in the eighth operation 540, the WCD can remove a second distortion of the self-sensing signal, wherein this distortion is associated with the first distortion. In some aspects, removing the second distortion may include removing the second distortion in association with distortions in a set of the first distortions. For example, the WCD may identify a correlation value associated with the transmitted and received sensing signals, and identify the second distortion as a combination of the first distortion and the correlation value.

[0126] By removing the second distortion, the WCD can have improved isolation of a portion of the sensed signal after interaction with the sensed target, wherein there is less distortion in the SI portion of the sensed signal caused by the NL of the WCD's components. In this way, the sensing range can be improved in association with reducing the SI to a sufficiently low power (e.g., RSRP) to detect reflections of the sensed signal after interaction with the sensed target at an increased distance from the WCD (e.g., compared to the distance at which the WCD can detect the sensed target without using training data to remove NL distortion).

[0127] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating example 600 associated with training sensing operations according to this disclosure. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the WCD (e.g., UE 120 or 220 or network node 110 or 210) can perform sensing training operations.

[0128] like Figure 6 As shown, and through the first operation 605, the WCD can generate an OFDM signal as a sensing training signal (sometimes referred to herein as a training sensing signal). As shown in the second operation 610, the WCD can upsample the OFDM signal to the DAC. As shown in the third operation 615, the WCD can upsample the analog signal to the analog domain.

[0129] As shown in the fourth operation 620, the WCD may apply a PA to the signal before providing the sensing training signal to the transmit antenna. Applying the PA can cause NL distortion. In some aspects, NL distortion may be associated with the transmit power used to transmit the sensing training signal. For this purpose, the sensing training operation may include transmitting the sensing training signal at different transmit powers, which can be used to apply NL correction for different sensing operations with different transmit powers.

[0130] As shown in the fifth operation 625, the WCD can transmit a sensing training signal in the air via a transmitting antenna and can receive the sensing training signal in the air via a receiving antenna. As shown in the sixth operation 630, the WCD can have thermal distortion added in relation to its temperature. This thermal distortion may include NL distortion. As shown in the seventh operation 635, the WCD can apply an LNA to amplify the sensing training signal for processing. In some aspects, applying an LNA can (e.g., in relation to the saturation level of the received power or the peak-to-average power ratio of the sensing training signal) cause NL distortion.

[0131] As shown in the eighth operation 640, the WCD can apply the ADC to the sensing training signal. Applying the ADC to the sensing training signal can cause NL distortion of the sensing training signal. As shown in the ninth operation 645, the WCD can downsample the sensing training signal to the baseband (BB) frequency. As shown in the tenth operation, the WCD can estimate the channel 650 (SI channel without sensing target) associated with the SI of the sensing training signal.

[0132] As shown in operation eleven 655, WCD can identify NL distortion. For example, using knowledge of the transmitted sensing training signal, knowledge that reflected signals should not be received, or channel estimation, WCD can identify distortion associated with the difference between the transmitted and received sensing training signals.

[0133] As shown in operation 12 660, the WCD may store information associated with NL distortion. In some aspects, the information associated with NL distortion may include different NL distortions associated with different environmental parameters (e.g., temperature) or different transmission parameters (e.g., transmission power or LNA saturation), etc.

[0134] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating example 700 associated with training sensing operations according to this disclosure. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the WCD (e.g., UE 120 or 220 or network node 110 or 210) can perform sensing training operations.

[0135] like Figure 7 As shown, the WCD can provide the digital transmit signal 705 to the transmit AFE 710. The AFE 710 can provide an analog representation of the digital transmit signal 705 to the transmit antenna 720 via coupler 715 for transmission over the air.

[0136] The WCD can also provide the digital transmit signal 705 to the LMS coefficient estimator 725. The LMS coefficient estimator can provide the digital transmit signal 705 to the DAC 730, which can provide an analog representation of the digital transmit signal 705 to the mixer 735. The mixer 735 can further receive the analog representation of the digital transmit signal 705 from the coupler 715 for mixing and provide it to the receiving side of the WCD.

[0137] In some aspects, the receiving antenna 740 can receive signals in the air via the transmitting antenna 720. Alternatively, the receiving antenna 740 can be powered off during training sensing operation. The receiving side of the WCD may also include a coupler / switch 745 that receives signals via a mixer 735 and provides the signals to the transmitting AFE 750. The transmitting AFE can provide the signals to an LMS coefficient estimator 725, which can perform iterative processes of combination, averaging, or correlation to identify refined distortion estimates. The transmitting AFE 750 can also provide the signals to a storage component 755 to record waveforms. For example, the WCD can store an indication of the first distortion associated with a controlled environment without sensing targets.

[0138] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example 800 associated with sensing operations according to this disclosure. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the WCD (e.g., UE 120 or 220 or network node 110 or 210) can perform sensing operations.

[0139] like Figure 8 As shown, and through the first operation 805, the WCD can generate an OFDM signal as a sensing signal. As shown in the second operation 810, the WCD can upsample the OFDM signal to the DAC. As shown in the third operation 815, the WCD can upsample the analog signal to the analog domain.

[0140] As shown in the fourth operation 820, the WCD may apply a PA to the signal before providing the sensing signal to the transmitting antenna. Applying a PA can cause NL distortion. In some respects, NL distortion can be associated with the transmission power used to transmit the sensing signal.

[0141] As shown in the fifth operation 825, the WCD can transmit a sensing signal in the air via a transmitting antenna and can receive a sensing signal in the air via a receiving antenna. In some aspects, the WCD can receive a first portion of the sensing signal as the SI and a second portion as the main sensing signal after interaction with the sensing target. As shown in the sixth operation 830, the WCD can apply an LNA to amplify the sensing signal for processing. In some aspects, applying an LNA can (e.g., in association with the saturation level of the received power or the peak-to-average power ratio of the sensing signal) cause NL distortion.

[0142] As shown in the seventh operation 835, the WCD can apply an ADC to the sense signal. Applying an ADC to the sense signal can cause NL distortion of the sense signal. As shown in the eighth operation 840, the WCD can downsample the sense signal to the baseband (BB) frequency. As shown in the ninth operation 845, the WCD can estimate the channel associated with the SI of the sense signal (SI channel without a sensed target). As shown in the tenth operation, the WCD can estimate the correlation between the signal and a reference signal (e.g., zero state or sense operation without a sensed target).

[0143] As shown in operation 11, 855, the WCD can provide training NL distortion for estimating the correlation between the sensed signal and the sensed training signal. As shown in operation 12, 860, the WCD can remove distortion from the sensed signal. For example, the WCD can multiply the training NL distortion by a factor associated with the estimated correlation to identify the distortion removed from the sensed signal. As shown in operation 13, 865, the WCD can identify the location information of the sensed target in association with the remaining signal after distortion removal.

[0144] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating example 900 associated with sensing operations according to this disclosure. Figure 9 In the context of this, the WCD (e.g., UE 120 or 220 or network node 110 or 210) can perform sensing operations.

[0145] As shown in the first operation 905, the WCD can generate a reference channel response via transmission using multiple symbols. For example, the WCD can perform operations such as combining... Figures 5 to 7 The operations described herein or other operations described herein.

[0146] As shown in the second operation 910, the WCD can calculate the correlation of each symbol of the sensed signal. For example, the WCD can calculate the correlation with a reference channel response (e.g., no sensed target). In this way, the WCD detects the degree of similarity or change between the channel response of the sensed signal and the reference channel response (e.g., zero state).

[0147] In some respects, WCD can transmit sensing signals via multiple symbols, or it can use different scrambling codes for each symbol. In this way, WCD can reduce the effects of sensing signal fading or other channel defects.

[0148] As shown in the third operation 915, the WCD can average all correlations (e.g., as indicated by the correlation value). In this way, the WCD can remove noise (e.g., outliers) from the sensed signal and obtain correlation values ​​with improved accuracy.

[0149] As shown in the fourth operation 920, the WCD can identify the presence of a sensing target. For example, if the average of the correlations converges to a reference correlation (e.g., zero state, measurement without a sensing target, or measurement using a hardware-assisted solution), then no sensing target exists. Alternatively, if the average of the correlations does not converge to the reference correlation, then a sensing target exists.

[0150] As shown in operation 925, if no target is detected, the WCD can use measurements of the sensed signal to generate an updated reference channel response or use those measurements for linear distortion cancellation. For example, in connection with the detection of no sensed target, the WCD can add measurements to a model used to estimate the reference channel response.

[0151] As shown in the sixth operation 930, if a target is present, the WCD can remove the reference channel response per symbol from the sensed signal. For example, the WCD can combine (e.g., multiply) the reference channel response (e.g., zero-state distortion) with the correlation or average of the correlations per symbol, and subtract this combination from the measurement of the sensed signal per symbol. In this way, the WCD can remove the NL distortion associated with the reference channel response, and the remaining channel response can have improved accuracy in detecting positioning information associated with the sensed target.

[0152] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating an example process 1000 performed, for example, at a WCD or device that supports distortion removal of self-sensed signals, according to the present disclosure. Example process 1000 is an example in which a device or WCD (e.g., UE 120 or 220 or network node 110 or 210) performs operations associated with distortion removal of self-sensed signals.

[0153] like Figure 10 As shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include sending training sensing signals (box 1010). For example, WCD (such as by using communication manager 140 or 150 or Figure 11 The described transmitting component 1104 can transmit training sensing signals (such as via one or more transmitting components), as described above.

[0154] like Figure 10 Further shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include receiving a training sensing signal having a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of one or more transmitting or receiving components (box 1020). For example, WCD (such as by using communication manager 140 or 150 or Figure 11The depicted receiving component 1102 can receive a training sensing signal (e.g., via one or more receiving components). The training sensing signal may have a first distortion or be otherwise associated with a first distortion. The first distortion may be associated with (e.g., caused by or derived from) one or more nonlinear characteristics of one or more transmitting or receiving components of the WCD, as described above.

[0155] like Figure 10 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include sending sensing signals (block 1030). For example, WCD (such as by using communication manager 140 or 150 or Figure 11 The depicted transmitting component 1104 can transmit sensing signals (such as via one or more transmitting components) as described above.

[0156] like Figure 10 Further shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include: receiving a sensing signal, the reception of which includes one or more of the removal or elimination of a second distortion of a self-sensing signal based on a first distortion (box 1040). For example, WCD (such as by using a communication manager 140 or 150 or Figure 11 The depicted receiving component 1102 can receive a sensed signal (e.g., via one or more receiving components). "Reception of the sensed signal" may include at least one of removal or elimination of a second distortion of the sensed signal based on a first distortion (where removal and elimination may be the same or different operations), as described above. Process 1000 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0157] In a first additional aspect, the first distortion of the training sensing signal includes linear distortion and nonlinear distortion.

[0158] In a second additional aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the first distortion is associated with a set of first distortions, which is associated with one or more of a set of temperatures or a set of transmission powers, and wherein removing or eliminating the second distortion from the sensed signal includes removing or eliminating the second distortion based on the first distortion in the set of first distortions, wherein the removal or elimination is associated with the temperature or transmission power associated with the transmission of the sensed signal. For example, the WCD may identify the first distortion in the set of first distortions using the temperature associated with the transmission of the sensed signal, such as by referencing a set of temperatures (which may include a set of reference indicating temperatures and a corresponding lookup table of first distortions). As another example, the WCD may identify the first distortion in the set of first distortions using the transmission power associated with the transmission of the sensed signal, such as by referencing a set of transmission powers (which may include a set of reference indicating transmission power and a corresponding lookup table of first distortions). The WCD can then use the identified first distortion to remove or eliminate the second distortion, as described elsewhere herein.

[0159] In a third additional aspect, transmitting and receiving the training sensing signal, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, includes transmitting and receiving the training sensing signal in a test environment.

[0160] In the fourth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the test environment has no objects that can be sensed.

[0161] In a fifth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, process 1000 includes: receiving an input instructing the sensing beam to be directed to an environment such as a field of view where no object can be sensed, wherein sending the training sensing signal is associated with receiving the input.

[0162] In a sixth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, process 1000 includes: providing instructions for directing the sensing beam to an environment where no object can be sensed, wherein receiving the input is associated with providing the instructions.

[0163] In a seventh additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, process 1000 includes: providing instructions, in association with the detection of a change in one or more parameters at the WCD, for directing a sensing beam to an environment in which no object can be sensed.

[0164] In the eighth additional aspect, transmitting and receiving the training sensing signal, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, includes transmitting the training sensing signal in the air and receiving the training sensing signal via a bus that couples the first analog front end (AFE) of the transmitting antenna to the second AFE of the receiving antenna.

[0165] In the ninth additional aspect, transmitting the sensing signal, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, includes scrambling the set of symbols of the sensing signal, wherein different scrambling codes are applied to the corresponding symbols in the set of symbols.

[0166] In the tenth additional aspect, receiving the sensing signal, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, includes estimating the correlation of the corresponding symbols, combining the correlations, and identifying whether a sensing target is present in the sensing beam.

[0167] In the eleventh additional aspect, identifying the presence of a sensing target in the sensing beam, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, includes: identifying the absence of the sensing target in the sensing beam in association with the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols, wherein the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols has a similarity to the correlation of the combination of training sensing signals that satisfies a threshold; or identifying the presence of the sensing target in the sensing beam in association with the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols, wherein the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols has a similarity to the correlation of the combination of training sensing signals that does not satisfy the threshold.

[0168] In the twelfth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, process 1000 includes: updating the value of the first distortion to a third distortion associated with the absence of the sensing target, the third distortion being associated with one or more of the distortions that are removed or eliminated from subsequent sensing signals; or removing or eliminating the second distortion associated with the presence of the sensing target.

[0169] In the thirteenth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, removing or eliminating one or more of the second distortions from the sensing signal according to the first distortion includes: identifying a correlation value associated with the transmitted sensing signal and the received sensing signal; and identifying the second distortion as a combination of the first distortion and the correlation value.

[0170] although Figure 10 An example box of process 1000 is shown, but in some respects, process 1000 may include... Figure 10The boxes depicted may be fewer, different, or arranged differently compared to additional boxes. Alternatively, two or more boxes in the process 1000 may be executed in parallel.

[0171] Figure 11 This is a diagram of an example device 1100 for wireless communication that supports distortion removal of self-sensing signals according to the present disclosure. Device 1100 may be a WCD, or a WCD may include device 1100. In some aspects, device 1100 includes a receiving component 1102, a transmitting component 1104, and a communication manager 1108 (e.g., communication manager 140 or 150) that can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses). As shown, device 1100 can use the receiving component 1102 and the transmitting component 1104 to communicate with another device 1106 (such as a UE, network node, or another wireless communication device).

[0172] In some respects, device 1100 may be configured and / or capable of operating to perform the functions described herein. Figures 5 to 9 One or more operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, device 1100 may be configured and / or capable of operating to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 10 The process 1000. In some aspects, the device 1100 may include the above-described combination. Figure 2 One or more components of the WCD as described.

[0173] Receiver 1102 may receive communications from device 1106, such as reference signals, control information, and / or data communications. Receiver 1102 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1100, such as communication manager 1108. In some aspects, receiver 1102 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, etc.) and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components. In some aspects, receiver 1102 may include the combinations described above. Figure 2 The described WCD includes one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receiver processors, one or more controllers / processors, and / or one or more memories.

[0174] Transmitting component 1104 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, and / or data communications, to device 1106. In some aspects, communication manager 1108 can generate communications and transmit the generated communications to transmitting component 1104 for transmission to device 1106. In some aspects, transmitting component 1104 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.) on the generated communications and transmit the processed signals to device 1106. In some aspects, transmitting component 1104 can include the above-described combinations. Figure 2 The described WCD includes one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, and / or one or more memories. In some aspects, the transmit component 1104 may co-located with the receive component 1102 in one or more transceivers.

[0175] Communication manager 1108 may transmit a training sensing signal, or may cause transmitting component 1104 to transmit a training sensing signal. Communication manager 1108 may receive a training sensing signal, or may cause receiving component 1102 to receive a training sensing signal having a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of one or more transmitting or receiving components. Communication manager 1108 may transmit a sensing signal, or may cause transmitting component 1104 to transmit a sensing signal. Communication manager 1108 may receive a sensing signal, or may cause receiving component 1102 to receive a sensing signal, the reception of which includes one or more of the removal or elimination of a second distortion of a self-sensing signal based on the first distortion. In some aspects, communication manager 1108 may perform one or more operations as described elsewhere herein as being performed by one or more components of communication manager 1108.

[0176] Communication manager 1108 may include the above-mentioned combination Figure 2 The described WCD includes one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, one or more schedulers, and / or one or more communication units. Alternatively, this set of components may be separate from and distinct from the communication manager 1108. In some aspects, one or more components in this set of components may include those described above. Figure 2The described WCD includes, or may include, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, one or more schedulers, and / or one or more communication units. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of this set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion thereof) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the function or operation of that component.

[0177] Transmitting component 1104 can transmit a training sensing signal. Receiving component 1102 can receive the training sensing signal, which has a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of one or more transmitting or receiving components. Transmitting component 1104 can transmit a sensing signal. Receiving component 1102 can receive the sensing signal, the reception of which includes one or more of the removal or elimination of a second distortion of a self-sensing signal based on the first distortion.

[0178] The receiving component 1102 can receive an input instructing the sensing beam to be directed to an environment where there are no objects to be sensed, wherein transmitting a training sensing signal is associated with receiving the input.

[0179] The communication manager 1108 can provide instructions for directing the sensing beam to an environment where there are no objects to be sensed, wherein receiving input is associated with providing instructions.

[0180] The communication manager 1108 can provide instructions for directing the sensing beam to an environment where there are no objects to be sensed, in association with the detection of changes in one or more parameters at the WCD.

[0181] The communication manager 1108 can update the first distortion in association with the absence of the identified sensing target.

[0182] The communication manager 1108 can remove the second distortion in association with the presence of the identified sensing target.

[0183] Figure 11 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In reality, they can exist in... Figure 11 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged in a different manner. Furthermore, Figure 11 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 11 The single component shown can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, Figure 11 The collection of (one or more) components shown is executable and described as being composed of Figure 11 Another set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0184] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure: Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a wireless communication device (WCD), the method comprising: transmitting a training sensing signal via one or more transmitting components; receiving the training sensing signal via one or more receiving components, the received training sensing signal having a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of the one or more transmitting components or the one or more receiving components; transmitting the sensing signal via the one or more transmitting components; and receiving the sensing signal via the one or more receiving components, the reception of the sensing signal comprising one or more of the following: removing or eliminating a second distortion from the sensing signal based on the first distortion.

[0185] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, the first distortion of the training sensing signal includes linear distortion and nonlinear distortion.

[0186] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2, wherein the first distortion is associated with a set of first distortions, the set of first distortions being associated with one or more of a set of temperatures or a set of transmission power, and wherein removing or eliminating the second distortion from the sensing signal comprises removing or eliminating the second distortion according to the first distortion in the set of first distortions, wherein the removal or elimination is associated with the temperature or transmission power associated with the transmission of the sensing signal.

[0187] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 3, the method further comprising: receiving an input instructing the sensing beam to be directed to a field of view where no object can be sensed, wherein transmitting the training sensing signal is associated with receiving the input.

[0188] Aspect 5: According to the method of aspect 4, the method further includes: providing instructions for directing the sensing beam to the field of view where no object can be sensed, wherein receiving the input is associated with providing the instructions.

[0189] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 5, the method further comprising: providing instructions for directing a sensing beam to a field of view where no object can be sensed, in association with detecting a change in one or more parameters at the WCD.

[0190] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein transmitting the training sensing signal and receiving the training sensing signal comprises: transmitting the training sensing signal in the air; and receiving the training sensing signal via a bus that couples a first analog front end (AFE) of the transmitting antenna to a second AFE of the receiving antenna.

[0191] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, wherein transmitting the sensing signal comprises: scrambling the sensing signal using a set of symbols, wherein different scrambling codes are applied to corresponding symbols in the set of symbols.

[0192] Aspect 9: According to the method of aspect 8, receiving the sensing signal includes: estimating the correlation of the corresponding symbol; combining the correlation; and identifying whether a sensing target exists in the sensing beam.

[0193] Aspect 10: According to the method of aspect 9, wherein identifying whether the sensing target exists in the sensing beam comprises: identifying the absence of the sensing target in the sensing beam in association with the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols, wherein the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols has a similarity to the correlation of the combination of training sensing signals that satisfies a threshold; or identifying the presence of the sensing target in the sensing beam in association with the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols, wherein the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols has a similarity to the correlation of the combination of training sensing signals that does not satisfy the threshold.

[0194] Aspect 11: According to the method of aspect 9, the method further includes: updating the value of the first distortion to a third distortion in association with the absence of the sensing target, the third distortion being associated with removing or eliminating one or more of the distortions of subsequent sensing signals; or removing or eliminating the second distortion in association with the presence of the sensing target.

[0195] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11, wherein removing or eliminating one or more of the second distortion from the sensing signal according to the first distortion comprises: identifying a correlation value associated with the transmitted sensing signal and the received sensing signal; and identifying the second distortion as a combination of the first distortion and the correlation value.

[0196] Aspect 13: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more processors; one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 12.

[0197] Aspect 14: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 12.

[0198] Aspect 15: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 12.

[0199] Aspect 16: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 12.

[0200] Aspect 17: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 12.

[0201] Aspect 18: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising: a processing system including one or more processors and one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors, the processing system being configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 12.

[0202] Aspect 19: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors being individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 12.

[0203] While the foregoing disclosure provides examples and descriptions, it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made based on the foregoing disclosure, or from various forms of practice.

[0204] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware or a combination of hardware and at least one of software or firmware. "Software" should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable programs, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or other terms. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems or methods described herein may be implemented in various forms of hardware or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems or methods is not limited in any way. Therefore, the operation and behavior of these systems or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, as those skilled in the art will understand that the software and hardware can be designed to implement these systems or methods, at least in part, based on the description herein. Unless otherwise stated, a component configured to perform a function means that the component has the capability to perform that function, but it is not necessary for the component to actually perform that function.

[0205] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0206] As used in this article, the phrase “at least one of the items” in a list of items refers to any combination of these items, including a single member. As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover: a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination with multiple identical elements (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0207] No element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as essential or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and are used interchangeably with “one or more.” Similarly, as used herein, the article “described” is intended to include one or more items mentioned in connection with the article “described” and is used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “group” and “cluster” are intended to include one or more items and are used interchangeably with “one or more.” If only one item is desired, the phrase “only one” or similar terminology will be used. Moreover, as used herein, the terms “having” and similar terms are intended as open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., “having” A may also have B). Additionally, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based on or otherwise related to” unless otherwise explicitly stated. Furthermore, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used consecutively and is interchangeable with “and / or” unless otherwise explicitly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with “either of the two” or “only one of them”). It should be understood that “one or more” is equivalent to “at least one”.

[0208] Although specific combinations of features are set forth in the claims or disclosed in the description, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically stated in the claims or disclosed in the description. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with each other claim in the claim set.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication performed by a wireless communication device (WCD), the method comprising: The training sensing signal is transmitted via one or more transmitting components; The training sensing signal is received via one or more receiving components, and the received training sensing signal has a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of the one or more transmitting components or the one or more receiving components; The sensing signal is transmitted via the one or more transmitting components; as well as The sensing signal is received via one or more receiving components, wherein the reception of the sensing signal includes one or more of the following: removing or eliminating a second distortion from the sensing signal based on the first distortion.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first distortion of the training sensing signal includes linear distortion and nonlinear distortion.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first distortion is associated with a set of first distortions, the set of first distortions being associated with one or more of a set of temperatures or a set of transmission powers, and The removal or elimination of the second distortion from the sensing signal includes removing or eliminating the second distortion based on the first distortion in the set of first distortions, wherein the removal or elimination is associated with the temperature or transmission power of the sensing signal.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: The input to receive the instruction to direct the sensing beam to a field of view where no object can be sensed is an input, wherein sending the training sensing signal is associated with receiving the input.

5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising: Instructions are provided for directing the sensing beam to the field of view where no object can be sensed, wherein receiving the input is associated with providing the instructions.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: In association with the detection of a change in one or more parameters at the WCD, instructions are provided for directing the sensing beam to a field of view where no object can be sensed.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein sending the training sensing signal and receiving the training sensing signal comprises: The training sensing signal is transmitted in the air; as well as The training sensing signal is received via a bus that couples the first analog front end (AFE) of the transmitting antenna to the second AFE of the receiving antenna.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein sending the sensing signal comprises: The set of symbols of the sensed signal is scrambled, wherein different scrambling codes are applied to corresponding symbols in the set of symbols.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein receiving the sensing signal comprises: Estimate the correlation of the corresponding symbols; Combine the aforementioned correlations; as well as Indicates whether a sensing target exists in the sensing beam.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein identifying whether the sensing target exists in the sensing beam comprises: The correlation between the combination of the set of symbols and the correlation between the combination of the set of symbols and the combination of the training sensing signals have a similarity that satisfies a threshold. or The presence of the sensed target within the sense beam is identified in association with the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols, and the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols has a similarity to the correlation of the combination of the training sense signals that does not satisfy the threshold.

11. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: The value of the first distortion is updated to a third distortion in association with the absence of the sensed target, the third distortion being associated with one or more of the distortions that remove or eliminate subsequent sensed signals; or The second distortion is removed or eliminated in association with the presence of the sensed target.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein removing or eliminating one or more of the second distortions from the sensing signal based on the first distortion comprises: Identify the correlation value associated with the transmitted and received sensing signals; as well as The second distortion is identified as a combination of the first distortion and the correlation value.

13. A wireless communication device (WCD) for wireless communication, the wireless communication device (WCD) comprising: A processing system, comprising one or more processors and one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors, the processing system being configured to cause the WCD to: The training sensing signal is transmitted via one or more transmitting components; The training sensing signal is received via one or more receiving components, and the received training sensing signal has a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of the one or more transmitting components or the one or more receiving components; The sensing signal is transmitted via the one or more transmitting components; as well as The sensing signal is received via one or more receiving components, wherein the reception of the sensing signal includes one or more of the removal or elimination of a second distortion of the sensing signal based on the first distortion.

14. The WCD of claim 13, wherein the first distortion of the training sensing signal includes linear distortion and nonlinear distortion.

15. The WCD of claim 13, wherein the first distortion is associated with a set of first distortions, the set of first distortions being associated with one or more of a set of temperatures or a set of transmission powers, and In order for the WCD to remove or eliminate the second distortion from the sensing signal, the processing system is configured to cause the WCD to remove or eliminate the second distortion according to the first distortion in the set of first distortions, wherein the removal or elimination is associated with the temperature or transmission power of the sensing signal.

16. The WCD of claim 13, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the WCD to receive an input instructing the sensing beam to be directed to a field of view where no object can be sensed, wherein sending the training sensing signal is associated with receiving the input.

17. The WCD of claim 16, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the WCD to provide instructions for directing the sensing beam to the field of view where no object can be sensed, wherein receiving the input is associated with providing the instructions.

18. The WCD of claim 13, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the WCD to: In association with the detection of a change in one or more parameters at the WCD, instructions are provided for directing the sensing beam to a field of view where no object can be sensed.

19. The WCD of claim 13, wherein, in order for the WCD to transmit and receive the training sensing signal, the processing system is configured to cause the WCD to: Transmit the training sensing signal in the air; and The training sensing signal is received via a bus that couples the first analog front end (AFE) of the transmitting antenna to the second AFE of the receiving antenna.

20. The WCD of claim 13, wherein, in order for the WCD to transmit the sensing signal, the processing system is configured to cause the WCD to: The set of symbols of the sensed signal is scrambled, wherein different scrambling codes are applied to corresponding symbols in the set of symbols.

21. The WCD of claim 20, wherein, in order for the WCD to receive the sensing signal, the processing system is configured to cause the WCD to: Estimate the correlation of the corresponding symbols; Combine the aforementioned correlations; as well as Indicates whether a sensing target exists in the sensing beam.

22. The WCD of claim 21, wherein, in order for the WCD to identify whether the sensing target is present in the sensing beam, the processing system is configured to cause the WCD to: The correlation between the combination of the set of symbols and the correlation between the combination of the set of symbols and the combination of the training sensing signals have a similarity that satisfies a threshold; or The presence of the sensed target within the sense beam is identified in association with the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols, and the correlation of the combination of the set of symbols has a similarity to the correlation of the combination of the training sense signals that does not satisfy the threshold.

23. The WCD of claim 21, wherein the processing system is further configured to cause the WCD to: The value of the first distortion is updated to a third distortion in association with the absence of the sensed target, the third distortion being associated with one or more of the distortions that remove or eliminate subsequent sensed signals; or The second distortion is removed or eliminated in association with the presence of the sensed target.

24. The WCD of claim 13, wherein, in order for the WCD to remove or eliminate the second distortion from the sensing signal according to the first distortion, the processing system is further configured to cause the WCD to: Identify the correlation value associated with the transmitted and received sensing signals; and The second distortion is identified as a combination of the first distortion and the correlation value.

25. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising: One or more instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors of a wireless communication device (WCD), cause the WCD to: The training sensing signal is transmitted via one or more transmitting components; The training sensing signal is received via one or more receiving components, and the received training sensing signal has a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of the one or more transmitting components or the one or more receiving components; The sensing signal is transmitted via the one or more transmitting components; as well as The sensing signal is received via one or more receiving components, wherein the reception of the sensing signal includes one or more of the following: removing or eliminating a second distortion from the sensing signal based on the first distortion.

26. The non-transient computer-readable medium of claim 25, wherein the first distortion of the training sensing signal comprises linear distortion and nonlinear distortion.

27. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 25, wherein the one or more instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the WCD to receive an input instructing the sensing beam to be directed to a field of view where no object can be sensed, wherein sending the training sensing signal is associated with receiving the input.

28. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: A component used to transmit training sensing signals via one or more transmitting components; A component for receiving the training sensing signal via one or more receiving components, wherein the received training sensing signal has a first distortion associated with one or more nonlinear characteristics of the one or more transmitting components or the one or more receiving components; Components for transmitting sensing signals via the one or more transmitting components; and A component for receiving the sensing signal via the one or more receiving components, wherein the receipt of the sensing signal includes one or more of the following: removing or eliminating a second distortion from the sensing signal based on the first distortion.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the first distortion of the training sensing signal includes linear distortion and nonlinear distortion.

30. The apparatus of claim 28, further comprising: A component for receiving an input instructing the sensing beam to be directed to a field of view where no object can be sensed, wherein sending the training sensing signal is associated with receiving the input.

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