Fireproof polyurethane foam material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of foaming materials, in particular to a fireproof polyurethane foaming material and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that S1, polyisocyanate and an inorganic flame retardant are taken and added into one mixing box of a preparation device to be premixed, and a mixture A is obtained; s2, polyhydric alcohol and a foaming agent are taken and added into another mixing box of the preparation device to be premixed, and a mixture B is obtained; s3, the mixture A and the mixture B are fed into an extrusion box to be mixed and extruded into a forming cavity of a mold to be subjected to foaming forming; and S4, the multiple molds are driven to sequentially and circularly move, materials are sequentially extruded into the forming cavities of the multiple molds for foaming forming, meanwhile, the foaming forming materials in the forming cavities of the molds are sequentially and automatically discharged, and continuous preparation of the foaming materials is formed. The foam material is continuously prepared through the mold, and the preparation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foamed materials, and in particular to a fire-retardant polyurethane foamed material and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] Polyurethane is a widely used polymer material, and its products can be found in almost every aspect of daily life, including food, clothing, housing, and transportation. In particular, foamed polyurethane is an important material. Foamed polyurethane can be foamed in a mold, thus producing items of the required shape. For example, it is commonly used as moldings, panels, or decorative parts in building decoration, replacing time-consuming, labor-intensive, costly, and extremely heavy stone or wood, making it a major material for interior decoration today.

[0003] To give polyurethane materials fire-retardant properties, sufficient fire-retardant powders, such as aluminum hydroxide and nitrogen-based fire-retardant components, can be added to the polyurethane materials. Most existing fire-retardant polyurethane foam materials are processed into uniform shapes for decoration during preparation to ensure the aesthetics of the decoration. However, most existing preparation methods involve cutting the foam material into uniform shapes, which requires repeated cutting of the foam material and affects the preparation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material and its manufacturing method, which uses a mold to enable continuous preparation of the foam material, thereby improving the preparation efficiency.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for manufacturing a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Add polyisocyanate and inorganic flame retardant to one of the mixing chambers of the preparation device for premixing to obtain mixture A;

[0008] S2. Add the polyol and foaming agent to another mixing chamber of the preparation device for premixing to obtain mixture B;

[0009] S3. Mixture A and mixture B are fed into an extrusion box to mix and then extruded into the molding cavity of a mold for foaming molding;

[0010] S4. Multiple molds are moved sequentially in a cycle, forming a process where materials are extruded into the molding cavities of multiple molds for foaming and molding, while the foamed molding materials in the molding cavities of the molds are automatically discharged sequentially, forming a continuous preparation of foamed materials.

[0011] The polyisocyanate is toluene diisocyanate.

[0012] The inorganic flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide.

[0013] The polyol is a polyester polyol.

[0014] The weight ratio of mixture A to mixture B is 1:9 to 9:1.

[0015] The foaming agent is water.

[0016] The mixture B also includes a catalyst.

[0017] The catalyst includes stannous oleate and triethylenediamine.

[0018] The mixture B also includes a wetting and dispersing agent.

[0019] The fire-retardant polyurethane foam material prepared by the aforementioned method has a rectangular thin plate structure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing process of fire-retardant polyurethane foam material. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing process of fire-retardant polyurethane foam material. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation apparatus;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the preparation apparatus;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor chain structure;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mold structure;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the through-frame structure;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the flat plate structure;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of stirrer I;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral plate structure;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the piston structure.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] Bracket 101; Support bar 102; Rack plate 103;

[0034] Conveyor frame 201; Conveyor chain 202;

[0035] Mold 301; blocking plate 302; forming cavity 303; push plate 304; through frame 305; spring 306;

[0036] Flat plate 401; Mixing box 402; Extrusion box 403; Connecting pipe 404; Mounting bracket 405; Hydraulic cylinder 406;

[0037] Cover plate 501; Stirring rack I 502;

[0038] Horizontal axis 601; Spiral plate 602;

[0039] Piston 701; Sliding column 702; Stirring rack II 703. Detailed Implementation

[0040] like Figure 1-2 The following is a detailed description of the manufacturing method of fire-retardant polyurethane foam material:

[0041] A method for manufacturing a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material includes the following steps:

[0042] S1. Add polyisocyanate and inorganic flame retardant to one of the mixing chambers 402 of the preparation device for premixing to obtain mixture A;

[0043] S2. Add the polyol and foaming agent to another mixing chamber 402 of the preparation device for premixing to obtain mixture B;

[0044] S3. Mixture A and mixture B are fed into extrusion box 403 for mixing and extruded into molding cavity 303 of mold 301 for foaming molding;

[0045] S4. Multiple molds 301 are moved sequentially in a cycle to form a process in which materials are extruded into the molding cavities 303 of the multiple molds 301 for foaming and molding, while the foamed molding materials in the molding cavities 303 of the molds 301 are automatically discharged in sequence, thus forming a continuous preparation of foamed materials.

[0046] The polyisocyanate is toluene diisocyanate.

[0047] The inorganic flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide.

[0048] The polyol is a polyester polyol.

[0049] The weight ratio of mixture A to mixture B is 1:9 to 9:1.

[0050] The foaming agent is water.

[0051] The mixture B also includes a catalyst.

[0052] The catalyst includes stannous oleate and triethylenediamine.

[0053] The mixture B also includes a wetting and dispersing agent.

[0054] like Figure 3-12 The preparation apparatus is described in detail below:

[0055] The preparation device includes a support 101, a conveyor wheel frame 201, a conveyor chain 202, a mold 301, and a forming cavity 303. Two conveyor wheel frames 201 rotate on the support 101, and two conveyor chains 202 rotate side by side on the two conveyor wheel frames 201. Multiple molds 301 rotate between the two conveyor chains 202, and each mold 301 is provided with a forming cavity 303.

[0056] The first motor mounted on the bracket 101 drives one of the conveyor wheel frames 201, thereby driving the two conveyor chains 202 to rotate, which in turn drives multiple molds 301 to move cyclically with the conveyor chains 202, so that the molding cavity 303 of each mold 301 moves sequentially to the place where foaming material is added.

[0057] like Figure 3-12 As shown:

[0058] The preparation device also includes a rack plate 103, a push plate 304, a through frame 305, and a spring 306. The rack plate 103 is fixed to the lower part of the middle of the support 101. The through frame 305 passes through the mold 301. Two push plates 304 are fixed on the through frame 305. A spring 306 is provided between the through frame 305 and the mold 301, so that the push plates 304 slide into the forming cavity 303. When the mold 301 moves to the lower part, the through frame 305 is slidably connected to the rack plate 103.

[0059] When the mold 301 moves upward, multiple molds 301 sequentially add a mixture of mixture A and mixture B for foaming molding. After moving downward, the through frame 305 on each mold 301 slides and rubs against the rack plate 103. When at the tip of the rack, the through frame 305 pushes the push plate 304 into the molding cavity 303, pushing out the molded foamed material in the molding cavity 303, thereby forming an automatic discharge of the foamed molding material.

[0060] like Figure 3-12 As shown:

[0061] The preparation device further includes support bars 102, blocking plates 302, flat plates 401, mixing boxes 402, extrusion boxes 403, connecting pipes 404, mounting brackets 405, hydraulic cylinders 406, cover plates 501, stirring racks I 502, horizontal shafts 601, spiral plates 602, pistons 701, sliding column brackets 702, and stirring racks II 703; the flat plate 401 is fixed to the upper end of the support 101 and slides against the upper surface of the multiple molds 301 located above it; two support bars 102 are fixed to the support 101 to support the lower surface of the multiple molds 301 located above it; the extrusion box 403 is fixed to the flat plate 401; two mixing boxes 402 are fixed to the flat plate 401 and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the extrusion box 403; connecting pipes 404 are fixed between the two mixing boxes 402 and the extrusion box 403; and the two mixing boxes 402 are connected to the extrusion box 403. The upper end of each mixing chamber 402 is fixed with a cover plate 501, and each cover plate 501 has two rotating stirring racks I 502. The lower end of each mixing chamber 402 has a horizontal rotating shaft 601, and each horizontal shaft 601 has a fixed spiral plate 602. The two spiral plates 602 are located in two connecting pipes 404 respectively. The upper end of the extrusion chamber 403 is fixed with a mounting bracket 405. The piston 701 slides in the extrusion chamber 403. The sliding column frame 702 slides on the mounting bracket 405 and its lower end is fixedly connected to the piston 701. The hydraulic cylinder 406 is fixed on the mounting bracket 405 and fixedly connected to the sliding column frame 702. The stirring rack II 703 rotates on the mounting bracket 405 and passes through the piston 701. Each mold 301 has a blocking plate 302 fixed at both ends, so that the two blocking plates 302 between two adjacent molds 301 are connected together.

[0062] During operation, one mixing chamber 402 is used to mix and stir polyisocyanate and inorganic flame retardant, and the other mixing chamber 402 is used to mix and stir polyol and foaming agent. Since both mixing chambers 402 are connected to the extrusion chamber 403 through the connecting pipe 404, the transmission horizontal shaft 601 drives the spiral plate 602 to rotate, which can push the material in the mixing chamber 402 to the extrusion chamber 403 by spiraling. Moreover, the material in the mixing chamber 402 can be prevented from entering the extrusion chamber 403 by rotating the spiral plate 602 in the opposite direction.

[0063] After mixture A and mixture B enter the extrusion chamber 403 simultaneously, they are mixed by the stirring rack II 703. Then, by controlling the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 406, the piston 701 is lowered, and the material in the extrusion chamber 403 is squeezed into the molding cavity 303 through the small hole in the platen 401 at the lower end of the extrusion chamber 403. The material foams and forms in the molding cavity 303 as the mold 301 moves. Thus, by the reciprocating extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 406, the mold 301 moves sequentially to the bottom of the extrusion chamber 403, forming a continuous injection of material into the molding cavity 303 of the mold 301, thus forming the continuous preparation of foamed material.

[0064] The piston 701 is equipped with a one-way valve to ensure that air can enter the extrusion box 403 to balance the air pressure when the piston 701 moves upward; the stirring rack I 502 stirs and mixes the materials in the mixing box 402.

[0065] The flat plate 401 forms a seal on the upper end of the forming cavity 303 of the multiple molds 301 that move upward. At the same time, the support bar 102 supports the multiple molds 301 located above, ensuring that the multiple molds 301 fit closely with the flat plate 401. Moreover, the blocking plate 302 blocks the small hole at the lower end of the extrusion box 403 from communicating with the forming cavity 303, thus preventing material leakage and waste.

[0066] The fire-retardant polyurethane foam material prepared by the aforementioned method has a rectangular thin plate structure.

[0067] The rectangular thin plate structure reduces weight while allowing it to be attached to the outside of the wall for fireproofing and heat insulation.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Take polyisocyanate and inorganic flame retardant and add them to one of the mixing tanks (402) of the preparation device for premixing to obtain mixture A; S2. Add the polyol and foaming agent to another mixing chamber (402) of the preparation device for premixing to obtain mixture B; S3. Mixture A and mixture B are fed into the extrusion box (403) for mixing and then extruded into the molding cavity (303) of the mold (301) for foaming molding; S4. The multiple molds (301) are moved in sequence to form a process of extruding materials into the molding cavities (303) of the multiple molds (301) for foaming and molding, while the foamed molding materials in the molding cavities (303) of the molds (301) are automatically discharged in sequence, thus forming a continuous preparation of foamed materials.

2. The method for manufacturing a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyisocyanate is toluene diisocyanate.

3. The method for manufacturing a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide.

4. The method for manufacturing a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyol is a polyester polyol.

5. The method for manufacturing a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of mixture A to mixture B is 1:9 to 9:

1.

6. The method for manufacturing a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foaming agent is water.

7. The method for manufacturing a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixture B also includes a catalyst.

8. The method for manufacturing a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The catalyst includes stannous oleate and triethylenediamine.

9. The method for manufacturing a fire-retardant polyurethane foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixture B also includes a wetting and dispersing agent.

10. The fire-retardant polyurethane foam material prepared according to the method of fire-retardant polyurethane foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire-retardant polyurethane foam material has a rectangular thin-plate structure.

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