Cushioning waterproof joint provided with deformed steel plate and applied to suspension tunnel

Abstract

The cushioning waterproof joint comprises a GINA water stop belt, a concrete cover plate, a mortise and tenon joint fixing device and a deformation steel plate damper, the two ends of the deformation steel plate damper are connected with the pipe section ends on the two sides of the joint through fixing supports, and the deformation steel plate damper comprises five steel plates. And second prestressed reinforcements are clamped in the five steel plates. The joint has the beneficial effects that the deformation steel plate dampers and the second prestressed steel bars are arranged between the pipe sections, steel plates in the deformation steel plate dampers can deform to absorb energy due to the shape when being loaded, the cushioning effect is improved, the second prestressed steel bars enable the joint to have the self-resetting capacity, the whole combination and disassembly are convenient, and the construction cost is reduced. The assembly type requirement is met; when a permanent water stop belt is damaged and needs to be replaced, the inflatable water stop belt can be inflated, and the water stop effect is temporarily achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel engineering technology, and in particular relates to a shock-absorbing and waterproof joint with deformable steel plate for use in suspended tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Submerged Floating Tunnel (SFT), also known as an Archimedes' Bridge, is a potential transportation structure spanning long waterways and deep straits. Currently, the design and construction technology of SFTs has attracted significant attention and specialized research from scientists and engineers in countries such as China, Norway, Italy, South Korea, and the Netherlands. Pipe joints are a crucial component of the suspended tunnel structural system, and the analysis of their related mechanical behavior is an indispensable part of suspended tunnel technology research. On the one hand, the mechanical properties of pipe joints influence the mechanical behavior of the suspended tunnel structural system to a certain extent, while the construction process often makes pipe joints a weak point in the suspended tunnel structural system. On the other hand, the mechanical properties of pipe joints are a key factor determining the waterproofing performance of the joints, and the importance of joint waterproofing in the waterproofing system of suspended tunnels is self-evident.

[0003] Coupled shear walls are a widely used lateral force resisting structural system in high-rise buildings, and coupling beams are important energy dissipation components in coupled shear wall structures. The more energy dissipated by the coupling beams, the safer the entire structure. Therefore, this technology can be improved and applied to the joint connections of underwater suspended tunnels. By installing damping energy dissipation devices at the bottom of the tunnel joint, damage to the tunnel joint under earthquakes and continuous strong impact loads can be controlled, and it has a self-resetting function. In recent years, some scholars at home and abroad have begun to study replaceable dampers, making it easy to repair or replace the dampers after damage, reducing the cost of damper repair. However, most of the current replaceable dampers reduce energy dissipation through sliding friction. The damper mechanism of sliding friction energy dissipation is not stable enough and is still prone to structural damage during earthquakes. Furthermore, existing replaceable dampers do not have any self-resetting capability.

[0004] The current challenge in this field is that, unlike immersed tunnels and shield tunnels, the joints of suspended tunnels should be flexible and waterproof, with controllable damage under earthquakes and continuous strong impact loads, and self-resetting capabilities to improve service life. They should also meet the requirements of simple installation, safe construction, and replaceable key components. Therefore, developing a self-resetting replaceable damper with strong energy dissipation capacity and a certain degree of self-resetting function is crucial for solving the vibration reduction problem of tunnel joints and tunnel splicing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a shock-absorbing and waterproof joint with deformable steel plates for use in suspended tunnels.

[0006] This shock-absorbing and waterproof joint with deformable steel plate, used in suspended tunnels, includes: a GINA waterstop, a concrete cover plate, a tenon and mortise fixing device, and a deformable steel plate damper. The tenon and mortise fixing device includes a tenon structure and a mortise structure, which are respectively fixed to the ends of the pipe sections on both sides of the joint. A waterstop and an elastic sealing gasket are provided between the tenon and mortise structures. Concrete cover plates are provided on the outer surfaces of both pipe sections. A GINA waterstop is provided between the concrete cover plates. A first waterstop and a second waterstop are provided under the cover plate between the surface of the tenon and mortise fixing device and the concrete cover plate.

[0007] On the side of the mortise and tenon fixing device facing the center of the pipe section, there are inflatable waterstop, first prestressed steel bar, deformable steel plate damper and OMEGA waterstop in sequence; the two ends of the deformable steel plate damper are connected to the ends of the pipe sections on both sides of the joint through fixed supports. The deformable steel plate damper includes five steel plates, and the five steel plates are sandwiched with second prestressed steel bars. One end of the second prestressed steel bar passes through the fixed support and is anchored to the end of one side of the pipe section, and the other end is fixed to the fixed support.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, when the tenon structure and the mortise structure are connected, the concrete cover plate outside the pipe section with the tenon structure extends to the outer surface of the mortise structure, and the first waterstop and the second waterstop under the cover plate are located between the outer surface of the mortise and the inner wall of the concrete cover plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment: steel plates are welded to the ends of the pipe sections on both sides of the joint, and steel end shells are connected to the steel plates. The tenon structure and the mortise structure are fixed to the steel end shells of the pipe sections on both sides respectively. When the tenon structure and the mortise structure are connected, there is a cavity on the side of the tenon fixing device facing the center of the pipe section. Several deformable steel plate dampers are set in the cavity, and the OMEGA waterstop is set at the bottom of the cavity. The two ends of the OMEGA waterstop are fixed to the ends of the pipe sections on both sides of the joint respectively.

[0010] As a preferred option, the water-stop strip at the tenon joint is set at the connection between the front protrusion of the tenon structure and the bottom of the recess of the mortise structure, and two elastic sealing gaskets are respectively set at the connection between the front protrusion of the tenon structure and the outer surface of the mortise structure.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the deformable steel plate damper includes a steel cover plate, a fixed steel plate, and a dog-bone shaped steel plate. The fixed steel plate and the steel cover plate are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the dog-bone shaped steel plate, and a second prestressed steel bar is provided between the fixed steel plate and the steel cover plate on the upper and lower sides of the dog-bone shaped steel plate.

[0012] Preferably, the dog-bone shaped steel plate is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle, with an arc-shaped opening in the middle; the fixed steel plate has a protruding side rib matching the arc-shaped opening on one side facing the dog-bone shaped steel plate, and a protrusion for securing the second prestressed steel bar on the other side; the fixed support has two clamping plates, with the dog-bone shaped steel plate and the fixed steel plate sandwiched between the two clamping plates; when the steel cover plate is installed on the surface of the fixed steel plate, the protrusion on the fixed steel plate penetrates the steel cover plate and is fixed by bolts; the side of the steel cover plate has an opening for the second prestressed steel bar to pass through; the surface of the fixed support on one side of the deformable steel plate damper has an opening, one end of the second prestressed steel bar passes through the opening and is anchored to the end of the pipe section on that side, and the other end is fixed to the fixed support on the other side of the deformable steel plate damper by bolts.

[0013] As a preferred option, the strength of the dog-bone steel plate is lower than that of the steel cover plate and the fixed steel plate, and the thickness of the dog-bone steel plate is less than that of the steel cover plate and the fixed steel plate.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] 1) Deformable steel plate dampers and second prestressed steel bars are installed between pipe sections. The steel plates in the deformable steel plate dampers will deform and absorb energy due to their shape when subjected to load, thus improving the damping effect. The second prestressed steel bars give the joints self-resetting ability. The overall assembly and disassembly are convenient and meet the requirements of prefabricated construction.

[0016] 2) Multiple waterproof strips are installed at the joint, and an inflatable waterstop is also installed. When a permanent waterstop is damaged and needs to be replaced, the inflatable waterstop can be inflated to temporarily stop the water, which greatly improves the waterproofness of the tunnel joint, facilitates later maintenance, and improves the safety of later maintenance work.

[0017] 3) Tenon and tenon fixing devices are set at the ends of the pipe sections by steel end shells, and first prestressed steel bars are set between the pipe sections, which improves the overall rigidity and stability of the tunnel joint; the tenon and tenon fixing devices at the joint facilitate accurate alignment of the joint, making the joint connection more convenient and firm; and an elastic sealing gasket is set to reduce the collision at the joint when the joint is connected, which protects the components of the joint.

[0018] 4) A concrete cover plate is installed on the outermost side of the pipe section, and the joints of the concrete cover plate are staggered from the joints that serve as positioning and tenon-and-mortise fixing devices, thus playing a protective role. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the tunnel joint;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the deformable steel plate damper;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the opening of the deformable steel plate damper;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a dog-bone-shaped steel plate structure;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the fixed steel plate structure;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the steel cover plate structure;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a fixed support structure.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. GINA waterstop; 2. First waterstop under cover plate; 3. Second waterstop under cover plate; 4. Concrete cover plate; 5. Steel plate; 6. Tenon and mortise fixing device; 7. Waterstop at tenon and mortise joint; 8. Elastic sealing gasket; 9. First prestressed steel bar; 10. Inflatable waterstop; 11. Deformable steel plate damper; 12. Second prestressed steel bar; 13. OMEGA waterstop; 14. Steel cover plate; 15. Fixed steel plate; 16. Dog bone shaped steel plate; 17. Fixed support; 18. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. The description of the embodiments below is only for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0028] As one example, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this shock-absorbing and waterproof joint with deformable steel plate used in suspended tunnels includes: GINA waterstop 1, first waterstop under cover plate 2, second waterstop under cover plate 3, concrete cover plate 4, steel plate 5, steel end shell 6, tenon and mortise fixing device 7, waterstop at tenon and mortise joint 8, elastic sealing gasket 9, first prestressed steel bar 10, inflatable waterstop 11, deformable steel plate damper 12, second prestressed steel bar 13, OMEGA waterstop 14, steel cover plate 15, fixing steel plate 16, dog bone shaped steel plate 17, and fixing support 18.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the mortise and tenon fixing device 7 includes a tenon structure and a mortise structure. The tenon structure and the mortise structure are respectively fixed to the ends of the pipe sections on both sides of the joint. Specifically, steel plates 5 are welded to the ends of the pipe sections on both sides of the joint, and steel end shells 6 are connected to the steel plates 5. The tenon structure and the mortise structure are respectively fixed to the steel end shells 6 of the pipe sections on both sides. This facilitates more accurate positioning and alignment of the tunnel joint, making installation and fixing more convenient and secure.

[0030] A water-stop strip 8 and an elastic sealing gasket 9 are provided between the tenon structure and the mortise structure. The water-stop strip 8 is located at the connection between the front protrusion of the tenon structure and the bottom of the recess of the mortise structure, improving the waterproof performance of the tenon fixing device 7. The two elastic sealing gaskets 9 are respectively located at the connection between the front protrusion of the tenon structure and the outer surface of the mortise structure. When the joint is spliced, the gasket layer plays a buffering role, reducing the collision at the joint and protecting the components of the joint.

[0031] Both pipe sections are covered with concrete cover plates 4 on their outer surfaces. A GINA waterstop 1 is installed between the concrete cover plates 4. A first waterstop 2 and a second waterstop 3 are installed under the cover plates between the surface of the tenon and mortise fixing device 7 and the concrete cover plates 4. When the tenon structure and the mortise structure are connected, the concrete cover plate 4 outside the pipe section with the tenon structure extends to the outer surface of the mortise structure. The first waterstop 2 and the second waterstop 3 are located between the outer surface of the mortise and the inner wall of the concrete cover plate 4. The GINA waterstop 1, the first waterstop 2, and the second waterstop 3 are all permanent waterstops.

[0032] The mortise and tenon fixing device 7, facing the center of the pipe section, is sequentially equipped with an inflatable waterstop 11, a first prestressed steel bar 10, a deformable steel plate damper 12, and an OMEGA waterstop 14. When the tenon structure and the mortise structure are connected, a cavity exists on the side of the mortise and tenon fixing device 7 facing the center of the pipe section. Three rings of deformable steel plate dampers 12 are evenly distributed in a ring within the cavity. These dampers can absorb energy when the tunnel joint is under load, providing good seismic resistance and protecting the overall structure of the tunnel joint from damage. The OMEGA waterstop 14 is located at the bottom of the cavity, with both ends of the OMEGA waterstop 14 fixed to the ends of the pipe section on both sides of the joint.

[0033] The inflatable waterstop 11 is a temporary waterstop. When the GINA waterstop 1, the first waterstop 2 under the cover plate, and the second waterstop 3 under the cover plate have been used for too long and have lost their water-stopping effect and need to be replaced, inflating the air bladder of the inflatable waterstop 11 can quickly achieve a temporary water-stopping effect. Afterwards, technicians can replace the damaged permanent waterstop after the temporary water-stopping has taken effect, which is convenient for operation and ensures the water-stopping effect at the tunnel joint. This design makes the tunnel joint safer during future maintenance. The OMEGA waterstop 14 is a permanent waterstop.

[0034] The first prestressed steel bar 10 is embedded between the inflatable waterstop 11 and the cavity, making the joint between adjacent pipe sections of the tunnel tighter and improving the overall rigidity.

[0035] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the deformable steel plate damper 12 is connected to the pipe sections on both sides of the joint via fixed supports 18. The deformable steel plate damper 12 includes a steel cover plate 15, a fixed steel plate 16, and a dog-bone shaped steel plate 17. The fixed steel plate 16 and the steel cover plate 15 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the dog-bone shaped steel plate 17. A second prestressed steel bar 13 is provided between the fixed steel plate 16 and the steel cover plate 15 on the upper and lower sides of the dog-bone shaped steel plate 17. The dog-bone shaped steel plate 17 is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle, with an arc opening in the middle, resembling a dog bone. This design allows the steel plate to deform under stress.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the side of the fixing steel plate 16 facing the dog-bone-shaped steel plate 17 has protruding side ribs that match the arc opening. When the upper and lower fixing steel plates 16 are closed, they sandwich the dog-bone-shaped steel plate in the middle, allowing the dog-bone-shaped steel plate a certain amount of deformation space, but also restricting it from deflecting significantly. The other side of the fixing steel plate 16 has three protrusions for securing the second prestressed steel bar 13.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the fixed support 18 is provided with two clamping plates, the dog bone-shaped steel plate 17 and the fixed steel plate 16 are sandwiched between the two clamping plates and fixed by twelve screws. Each fixed support 18 is also connected to the inner wall of the cavity by four screws.

[0038] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, when the steel cover plate 15 is installed on the surface of the fixed steel plate 16, the protrusion on the fixed steel plate 16 penetrates the steel cover plate 15 and is fixed by bolts, making the steel cover plate 15 easy to disassemble. Construction personnel can directly enter the cavity to maintain and replace the second prestressed steel bar 13. The side of the steel cover plate 15 is provided with an opening for the second prestressed steel bar 13 to pass through.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, both the fixed steel plate 16 and the dog-bone steel plate 17 have reinforcing ribs at their ends to prevent excessive deformation of the steel plates. The strength of the dog-bone steel plate 17 is lower than that of the steel cover plate 15 and the fixed steel plate 16, and the thickness of the dog-bone steel plate 17 is less than that of the steel cover plate 15 and the fixed steel plate 16, ensuring that the dog-bone steel plate 17 will deform first when subjected to load.

[0040] An opening is provided on the surface of the fixed support 18 on one side of the deformable steel plate damper 12. One end of the second prestressed steel bar 13 passes through the opening and is anchored to the end of the pipe section on this side, while the other end is fixed to the fixed support 18 on the other side of the deformable steel plate damper 12 by bolts. The steel cover plate 15 has a side fixed guardrail on the side opposite to the fixed steel plate 16, which can restrain the second prestressed steel bar 13. The guardrail around the steel cover plate 15 provides tension to the second prestressed steel bar 13, making the joint damage controllable and self-resetting under earthquakes and continuous strong impact loads.

Claims

1. A shock-absorbing and waterproof joint with deformable steel plates for use in suspended tunnels, characterized in that, include: The system includes a GINA waterstop (1), a concrete cover plate (4), a tenon and mortise fixing device (7), and a deformable steel plate damper (12). The tenon and mortise fixing device (7) includes a tenon structure and a mortise structure. The tenon structure and the mortise structure are fixed to the ends of the pipe sections on both sides of the joint. A waterstop (8) and an elastic sealing gasket (9) are provided between the tenon structure and the mortise structure. A concrete cover plate (4) is provided on the outer surface of both pipe sections. A GINA waterstop (1) is provided between the concrete cover plates (4). A first waterstop (2) and a second waterstop (3) are provided under the cover plate between the surface of the tenon and mortise fixing device (7) and the concrete cover plate (4). The tenon and mortise fixing device (7) is provided with an inflatable waterstop (11), a first prestressed steel bar (10), a deformable steel plate damper (12) and an OMEGA waterstop (14) on the side facing the center of the pipe section. The deformable steel plate damper (12) is connected to the ends of the pipe sections on both sides of the joint through a fixed support (18). The deformable steel plate damper (12) includes five steel plates, and a second prestressed steel bar (13) is sandwiched in the five steel plates. One end of the second prestressed steel bar (13) passes through the fixed support (18) and is anchored to the end of one side of the pipe section, and the other end is fixed to the fixed support (18).

2. The shock-absorbing and waterproof joint with deformable steel plate applied to suspended tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the tenon structure and the mortise structure are connected, the concrete cover plate (4) outside the pipe section with the tenon structure extends to the outer surface of the mortise structure, and the first waterstop (2) and the second waterstop (3) under the cover plate are located between the outer surface of the mortise and the inner wall of the concrete cover plate (4).

3. The shock-absorbing and waterproof joint with deformable steel plate applied to suspended tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: Steel plates (5) are welded to the ends of the pipe sections on both sides of the joint. Steel end shells (6) are connected to the steel plates (5). The tenon structure and the mortise structure are fixed to the steel end shells (6) of the pipe sections on both sides. When the tenon structure and the mortise structure are connected, there is a cavity on the side of the tenon fixing device (7) facing the center of the pipe section. Several deformable steel plate dampers (12) are set in the cavity. The OMEGA waterstop (14) is set at the bottom of the cavity. The two ends of the OMEGA waterstop (14) are fixed to the ends of the pipe sections on both sides of the joint.

4. The shock-absorbing and waterproof joint with deformable steel plate applied to suspended tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-stop strip (8) at the tenon joint is set at the connection between the front protrusion of the tenon structure and the bottom of the recess of the mortise structure, and two elastic sealing gaskets (9) are respectively set at the connection between the front protrusion of the tenon structure and the outer surface of the mortise structure.

5. The shock-absorbing and waterproof joint with deformable steel plate applied to suspended tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformable steel plate damper (12) includes a steel cover plate (15), a fixed steel plate (16) and a dog bone-shaped steel plate (17). The fixed steel plate (16) and the steel cover plate (15) are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the dog bone-shaped steel plate (17). A second prestressed steel bar (13) is provided between the fixed steel plate (16) and the steel cover plate (15) on the upper and lower sides of the dog bone-shaped steel plate (17).

6. The shock-absorbing and waterproof joint with deformable steel plate applied to suspended tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dog-bone shaped steel plate (17) is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle, with an arc opening in the middle; the fixed steel plate (16) has a protruding side rib matching the arc opening on one side facing the dog-bone shaped steel plate (17), and a protrusion for securing the second prestressed steel bar (13) on the other side; the fixed support (18) has two clamping plates, and the dog-bone shaped steel plate (17) and the fixed steel plate (16) are sandwiched between the two clamping plates. When the steel cover plate (15) is installed on the surface of the fixed steel plate (16), the protrusion on the fixed steel plate (16) penetrates the steel cover plate (15) and is fixed by bolts. The side of the steel cover plate (15) has an opening for the second prestressed steel bar (13) to pass through; the surface of the fixed support (18) on one side of the deformable steel plate damper (12) has an opening, one end of the second prestressed steel bar (13) passes through the opening and is anchored at the end of the pipe section on this side, and the other end is fixed by bolts to the fixed support (18) on the other side of the deformable steel plate damper (12).

7. The shock-absorbing and waterproof joint with deformable steel plate applied to suspended tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The strength of the dog bone-shaped steel plate (17) is lower than that of the steel cover plate (15) and the fixed steel plate (16), and the thickness of the dog bone-shaped steel plate (17) is less than that of the steel cover plate (15) and the fixed steel plate (16).

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