Concrete construction equipment and construction method in low temperature environment
By designing insulation shed components, heat equalization components, temperature control components, and flow equalization components for low-temperature environments, efficient and uniform constant-temperature curing during concrete construction is achieved, solving the problems of poor controllability and high energy consumption during construction in low-temperature environments, and improving construction quality and progress.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ROAD & BRIDGE EAST CHINA ENG
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
In low-temperature environments, concrete construction suffers from poor controllability, low thermal insulation efficiency, and high energy consumption, especially in large-area construction, long linear component construction, and situations with unstable steam supply.
The system employs a combination design of insulation shed components, heat equalization components, temperature control components, and flow equalization components. By separating components such as steam jacket, steam hood, heat-sensitive tank, and turbulence fan blades through partitions, it achieves uniform steam diffusion, sufficient air disturbance, and automatic temperature regulation, forming an efficient and uniform constant temperature environment.
It significantly improves construction quality in low-temperature environments, avoids problems such as temperature difference cracks and strength delays, and enhances construction progress and project quality. It is suitable for construction sites in environments without electricity or where power supply is difficult.
Smart Images
Figure CN121875477B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete construction technology, and in particular to a concrete construction equipment and method for low-temperature environments. Background Technology
[0002] When concrete is being constructed in frigid regions, the heat loss during mixing, transportation and pouring is extremely high due to the generally low outside temperature. Concrete is very susceptible to frost damage and microcracks in the early stages of forming, which can lead to problems such as reduced strength, decreased impermeability and insufficient durability.
[0003] Existing winter construction measures mainly include: increasing the mixing water temperature, increasing the amount of cement, using antifreeze, covering with tarpaulins, and artificial spray heating. However, these methods generally have the following shortcomings:
[0004] Traditional thermal tarpaulins are single-layer structures, which cannot achieve uniform diffusion of steam heating, and temperature dead zones are prone to appear inside the shed. Air circulation relies on natural convection. The high temperature at the top and the low temperature at the bottom of the shed cause severe temperature stratification, requiring manual adjustment of the steam volume. Temperature control is lagging and fluctuates greatly. Condensate is difficult to drain and can easily form cold spots on the concrete surface. Existing electric heating or electronic control equipment has poor reliability in humid and low-temperature environments and requires power.
[0005] These problems result in poor controllability, low insulation efficiency, and high energy consumption during winter concrete construction, especially in large-area construction, long linear component construction, and situations where steam supply is unstable.
[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for concrete construction equipment and methods for low-temperature environments. Summary of the Invention
[0007] In view of the problems of poor controllability, low thermal insulation efficiency, and high energy consumption in the above-mentioned or existing technologies during winter concrete construction, especially in large-area construction, long linear component construction and unstable steam supply, the present invention is proposed.
[0008] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide concrete construction equipment and methods for low-temperature environments.
[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0010] A concrete construction device for low-temperature environments, comprising:
[0011] The heat-insulating shed assembly includes a support frame arranged in a linear array, an inner tarpaulin disposed on the inner wall of the support frame, and an outer tarpaulin disposed on the outside of the support frame;
[0012] The heat equalization assembly includes a partition disposed on the outer wall of the support frame, a steam hood disposed between the support frame and the outer tarpaulin, and a vent hole opened on the outer wall of one end of the partition.
[0013] Temperature control components include a thermal canister disposed at the top of the inner tarpaulin;
[0014] The flow equalization assembly includes a rotating frame disposed on the outer periphery of the thermal tank, a turbulence fan blade disposed outside the rotating frame, and a turbine fan blade disposed inside the steam hood;
[0015] The regulating component includes a movable baffle disposed at the opening of the steam hood;
[0016] The partition divides the inner and outer tarpaulin layers into several independent cavities. The ventilation holes on adjacent partitions are staggered. The opening size of the steam hood is adjusted by rotating the movable baffle driven by the thermal expansion of the thermosensitive tank. The turbine blades rotate by rotating the turbulence blades in a circular motion while also rotating on their own axis.
[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the concrete construction equipment in a low-temperature environment according to the present invention, the heat preservation shed assembly further includes an inner curtain fabric disposed inside the openings at both ends of the inner tarpaulin and an outer curtain fabric disposed outside the openings at both ends of the inner tarpaulin, wherein a cavity is formed between the outer curtain fabric and the inner curtain fabric.
[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the concrete construction equipment under low-temperature environment of the present invention, the heat equalization component further includes air vents opened at the top of both ends of the inner tarpaulin, a limiting ring disposed at the bottom of the end of the partition, and a water collection bag detachably disposed at the bottom of the limiting ring, wherein the air vents are connected to the cavity between the outer tarpaulin and the inner tarpaulin.
[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the concrete construction equipment in a low-temperature environment according to the present invention, the temperature control component further includes a fixing frame disposed at the bottom of the thermosensitive tank, a piston column disposed inside the fixing frame, a vertical rod disposed at the top of the piston column, and a drive sleeve disposed at the end of the vertical rod, wherein the end of the fixing frame is connected to the support frame.
[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the concrete construction equipment in a low-temperature environment according to the present invention, the flow equalization component further includes a connecting rod rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the rotating frame and a positioning sleeve disposed on the top of the rotating frame. The positioning sleeve is rotatably disposed on the outer surface of the upright. The turbine fan blade is disposed on the outer wall of the end of the positioning sleeve, and the turbulence fan blade is disposed on the outer wall of the end of the connecting rod.
[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the concrete construction equipment in a low-temperature environment according to the present invention, wherein: a guide groove is provided in the circumferential direction on the outer surface of the thermal tank, a guide wheel is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the inner end of the connecting rod, the guide wheel is located inside the guide groove and slides in contact with it, the guide groove is composed of two annular grooves and two inclined grooves, the annular grooves are semi-circular, the two annular grooves are respectively opened at the upper and lower ends of the thermal tank and are symmetrically distributed left and right, and the two inclined grooves are connected between the two ends of the two annular grooves.
[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the concrete construction equipment in a low-temperature environment according to the present invention, the adjusting component further includes a fixed baffle plate disposed at the opening of the steam hood, a positioning column disposed at the bottom center of the movable baffle plate, and a threaded groove formed on the outer surface of the positioning column. The movable baffle plate is rotatably disposed on the top surface of the fixed baffle plate, and the positioning column penetrates the fixed baffle plate with its end located inside the drive sleeve.
[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the concrete construction equipment in a low-temperature environment according to the present invention, wherein: the inner wall of the drive sleeve is provided with a limiting slider, the limiting slider is located inside the threaded groove and slides in contact, and a spring is provided between the upright and the fixed baffle, which is wound around the outer surface of the drive sleeve.
[0024] A method for concrete construction in low-temperature environments includes the following steps:
[0025] S1. Preparation of raw materials and concrete mix proportions:
[0026] Ordinary Portland cement with a strength grade of not less than 42.5 is used. The aggregate is kept free of ice and snow and stored in a closed aggregate silo. The mixing water is preheated to 20±2℃. The concrete adopts a winter-specific mix proportion with a low water-cement ratio and high cement content, and water-reducing agent and antifreeze agent are added.
[0027] S2. Concrete mixing and transportation:
[0028] Rinse the mixer with hot water and extend the mixing time to 150% of the normal temperature condition. Control the concrete outlet temperature to be no less than 10℃. Wrap the transport tanker with an insulated tank coat and ensure that the concrete pouring temperature is ≥5℃.
[0029] S3. Construct an insulated shed and create a steam flow channel:
[0030] Construct an insulated shed consisting of a supporting frame, an inner tarpaulin, and an outer tarpaulin, with a multi-cavity steam interlayer formed by partitions between the inner and outer tarpaulins;
[0031] Steam enters the first cavity through the steam hood, and then enters the subsequent cavities in sequence through staggered vent holes, realizing the segmented circulation of steam in the interlayer;
[0032] The condensate formed when the steam cools slides down the surface of the tarpaulin to the limiting ring and enters the water collection bag for unified collection. After being filled with condensate, the water collection bag hangs down close to the ground, which can enhance the sealing performance between the heat preservation shed and the ground and reduce the infiltration of cold air.
[0033] S4, Steam-driven air turbulence:
[0034] By using steam to impact the turbine blades inside the steam hood, the turbine blades drive the rotating frame to rotate, and the rotating frame drives the turbulence blades to rotate in a circle, and makes them rotate under the action of the guide slide, thereby forming a three-dimensional turbulent airflow inside the heat preservation shed, so as to maintain a uniform temperature distribution of the air inside the shed.
[0035] S5. Automatic temperature control inside the greenhouse:
[0036] By using a heat-sensitive tank installed at the top of the shed, the expansion and contraction of the heat-sensitive medium under temperature changes drive the piston rod, upright rod and drive sleeve to move, so that the movable baffle connected to the steam hood automatically adjusts the size of the steam hood opening.
[0037] As the temperature inside the shed rises, the movable baffles gradually close to reduce steam input;
[0038] When the temperature inside the greenhouse drops, the movable baffle opens under the action of the spring to increase the steam input, thereby achieving all-weather passive and adaptive temperature regulation;
[0039] S6. Concrete pouring and curing steps:
[0040] Pour the concrete when the daytime temperature is high and immediately cover it with an insulated shed;
[0041] Stable curing temperature is maintained through steam diversion, air disturbance and automatic temperature control;
[0042] Formwork removal is permitted once the concrete strength reaches 50%.
[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the concrete construction method under low-temperature environment of the present invention, the thermosensitive tank is filled with a thermosensitive material that can undergo solid-liquid phase change within a preset temperature range. The expansion of the thermosensitive material pushes the piston column upward and the contraction causes the piston column to move downward. The cooling rate during concrete curing is controlled within 5℃ / h to avoid temperature difference cracks in the concrete.
[0044] The beneficial effects of the concrete construction equipment and method under low temperature environment of the present invention are as follows: The present invention, through the cooperation of the insulation shed component, the heat equalization component, the temperature control component, the flow equalization component and the adjustment component, enables the insulation shed to form an efficient, uniform and stable thermal environment, so as to achieve long-term constant temperature curing of concrete without power supply, thereby significantly improving the construction quality under low temperature environment.
[0045] The partition divides the interlayer between the inner and outer tarpaulins into multiple independent cavities. The ventilation holes are arranged alternately on the left and right sides, so that the steam must pass through each cavity in sequence to completely fill the entire interlayer. This effectively avoids the phenomenon of high and low temperature zones caused by the rapid penetration of steam in a certain area. The steam in the end cavity enters the end area of the tarpaulin through the vent, so that the heat distribution of the entire shed is uniform around the perimeter, making it suitable for large-scale construction areas.
[0046] After the steam condenses on the cavity wall, it slides down the surface to the limiting ring and flows into the water collection bag, which solves the problem of condensate dripping onto the concrete and affecting the temperature and construction quality of traditional insulation sheds. The water collection bag, due to its weight, also strengthens the seal at the bottom of the shed, prevents external cold air from seeping in, and improves the overall insulation capacity.
[0047] Steam causes the rotating frame to drive the turbulence fan blades in a circular motion. The connecting rod further rotates under the action of the guide slide, creating a three-dimensional circulating airflow field, which significantly improves the air temperature mixing efficiency. It relies entirely on steam kinetic energy and does not require motor drive, making it suitable for construction sites with no electricity or where power supply is difficult in winter.
[0048] The thermosensitive medium inside the thermosensitive tank automatically expands or contracts in response to temperature changes. The opening and closing of the baffle is driven by the piston rod, upright rod and drive sleeve to automatically adjust the size of the steam hood opening, thereby maintaining a constant temperature inside the shed. The entire adjustment process requires no manual intervention or power supply, and is highly reliable and stable.
[0049] The coordinated action of uniform steam diffusion, sufficient air disturbance, and automatic temperature control minimizes temperature fluctuations inside the shed, effectively preventing temperature-induced cracks in the concrete and reducing the problem of delayed strength development caused by excessively low ambient temperatures, thus significantly improving the overall construction quality. Attached Figure Description
[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of concrete construction equipment in low-temperature environments.
[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partition structure of concrete construction equipment in a low-temperature environment.
[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the steam hood structure of concrete construction equipment in a low-temperature environment.
[0054] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the flow equalization component structure of concrete construction equipment in low-temperature environments.
[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature control component structure of concrete construction equipment in low-temperature environments.
[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive sleeve structure of concrete construction equipment in a low-temperature environment.
[0057] In the diagram: 1. Insulation shed assembly; 11. Support frame; 12. Inner tarpaulin; 13. Outer tarpaulin; 14. Inner curtain; 15. Outer curtain; 2. Heat equalization assembly; 21. Partition; 22. Ventilation hole; 23. Air outlet; 24. Limiting ring; 25. Water collection bag; 26. Steam hood; 3. Temperature control assembly; 31. Thermosensitive tank; 32. Fixing frame; 33. Guide groove; 34. Piston column; 35. Upright rod; 36. Drive sleeve; 37. Limiting slider; 38. Spring; 4. Flow equalization assembly; 41. Turbine fan blade; 42. Rotating frame; 43. Positioning sleeve; 44. Turbine fan blade; 45. Connecting rod; 46. Guide wheel; 5. Adjustment assembly; 51. Fixed baffle; 52. Movable baffle; 53. Positioning column; 54. Threaded groove. Detailed Implementation
[0058] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0059] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0060] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.
[0061] Example 1, referring to Figures 1 to 6 This is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a concrete construction equipment and construction method for low-temperature environments, which includes an insulation shed component 1, a heat equalization component 2, a temperature control component 3, a flow equalization component 4, and a regulating component 5.
[0062] Specifically, the heat-insulating shed assembly 1 includes a support frame 11 arranged in a linear array, an inner tarpaulin 12 disposed on the inner wall of the support frame 11, and an outer tarpaulin 13 disposed on the outside of the support frame 11. The heat-insulating shed assembly 1 also includes an inner curtain 14 disposed on the inner side of the openings at both ends of the inner tarpaulin 12 and an outer curtain 15 disposed on the outer side of the openings at both ends of the inner tarpaulin 12. A cavity is formed between the outer curtain 15 and the inner curtain 14. The inner tarpaulin 12 provides sealing and reflective heat insulation, while the outer tarpaulin 13 is used to resist the low temperature of the outside. The combination of the inner and outer curtains prevents the entrance from becoming a heat leakage point, thereby making the internal temperature of the heat-insulating shed assembly 1 more stable.
[0063] The heat spreader 2 includes a partition 21 disposed on the outer wall of the support frame 11, a steam hood 26 disposed between the support frame 11 and the outer tarpaulin 13, and a vent 22 opened on the outer wall of one end of the partition 21.
[0064] The heat equalization assembly 2 also includes air outlets 23 opened at the top of both ends of the inner tarpaulin 12, a limiting ring 24 set at the bottom of the end of the partition 21, and a water collection bag 25 detachably set at the bottom of the limiting ring 24. The air outlets 23 connect the cavity between the outer curtain 15 and the inner curtain 14.
[0065] The temperature control component 3 includes a thermosensitive tank 31 located at the top inside the inner tarpaulin 12. The thermosensitive tank 31 contains a thermosensitive medium that can be converted from solid to liquid. Its volume can change automatically with temperature changes. It does not rely on electrical components and does not require external power. It can work reliably in any construction environment.
[0066] The flow equalization assembly 4 includes a rotating frame 42 disposed on the outer periphery of the thermal tank 31, a turbulence fan blade 41 disposed outside the rotating frame 42, and a turbine fan blade 44 disposed inside the steam hood 26.
[0067] The regulating component 5 includes a movable baffle 52 disposed at the opening of the steam hood 26. The movable baffle 52 can be freely adjusted to overlap with the fixed baffle 51 under the drive of the temperature control component 3, thereby changing the opening area of the steam hood 26 and realizing real-time adjustment of the steam flow rate.
[0068] The partition 21 divides the interlayer of the inner tarpaulin 12 and the outer tarpaulin 13 into several independent cavities. The ventilation holes 22 on the adjacent partitions 21 are staggered. The opening size of the steam hood 26 is adjusted by rotating the movable baffle 52 driven by the thermal expansion of the thermosensitive tank 31. The rotation of the turbine fan blade 44 is driven by the rotating frame 42 to rotate the turbulence fan blade 41 in a circular motion while rotating on its own axis.
[0069] When in use, steam is introduced into the steam hood 26 and allowed to enter the interlayer between the outer tarpaulin 13 and the inner tarpaulin 12. Since the partition 21 divides the interlayer into several independent cavities and the ventilation holes 22 of the adjacent partition 21 are staggered, the steam must flow from one end of the cavity to the other end to enter the next cavity. This process is repeated to ensure that the steam fills the entire interlayer without leaving any dead corners. The steam in the end cavity enters the space formed between the outer curtain 15 and the inner curtain 14 through the vent 23. As a result, the heating and heat preservation effect of the heat preservation shed assembly 1 is more uniform.
[0070] As steam flows along the cavity, it inevitably condenses into water droplets upon encountering cold. The water droplets slide down the surfaces of the inner tarpaulin 12 and the outer tarpaulin 13 to the limiting ring 24 and flow into the water collection bag 25. The water collection bag 25 facilitates the unified collection and treatment of steam condensate. During the process of collecting condensate, the water collection bag 25 adheres to the bottom surface due to gravity. The water collection bag 25 plays a certain sealing role in the gap between the insulation shed component 1 and the bottom surface.
[0071] When steam passes through the steam hood 26, it impacts the turbine blades 44, causing them to rotate. The turbine blades 44 drive the rotating frame 42 to rotate around the heat-sensitive tank 31 via the positioning sleeve 43. The rotating frame 42 first drives the turbulence blades 41 to rotate in a circle. Secondly, the connecting rod 45 on the rotating frame 42 is forced to move along the guide groove 33 of the heat-sensitive tank 31. The ups and downs of the guide groove 33 drive the connecting rod 45 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the turbulence blades 41 themselves. The guide wheel 46 converts the sliding friction between the connecting rod 45 and the guide groove 33 into rolling friction, significantly reducing resistance. The turbulence blades 41 rotate on their own axis while rotating in a circle. The double rotation fully disturbs the air inside the insulation shed assembly 1, making the heat distribution of the air inside the insulation shed assembly 1 more uniform and the insulation of concrete more efficient.
[0072] When the movable baffle 52 and the fixed baffle 51 are completely overlapped, the opening of the steam hood 26 is opened; when the movable baffle 52 and the fixed baffle 51 are intersected, the opening of the steam hood 26 is closed. The opening degree of the steam hood 26 can be adjusted by rotating the movable baffle 52 to control its degree of overlap with the fixed baffle 51.
[0073] The heat-sensitive tank 31 is pre-filled with a heat-sensitive medium. Inside the insulation shed assembly 1, it changes between solid and liquid states due to temperature. If the temperature inside the insulation shed assembly 1 is too high, the heat-sensitive medium inside the heat-sensitive tank 31 melts from a solid state to a liquid state. The volume of the medium increases, which pushes the piston column 34 upward. The piston column 34 pushes the drive sleeve 36 through the positioning sleeve 43 with the upright rod 35. During the advancement, the drive sleeve 36 slides along the threaded groove 54 through the limit slider 37, forcing the positioning column 53 to rotate. The positioning column 53 drives the movable baffle 52 to rotate and gradually intersect with the fixed baffle 51, reducing the opening size of the steam hood 26 to reduce the amount of steam entering, and gradually and steadily cooling the inside of the insulation shed assembly 1.
[0074] Conversely, if the internal temperature of the insulation shed assembly 1 is too low, the heat-sensitive medium inside the heat-sensitive tank 31 will condense from liquid to solid, the volume of the medium will decrease, the piston column 34 will have room to move, and the upright rod 35 will move downward under the push of the spring 38. The upright rod 35 will drive the movable baffle 52 to rotate in the opposite direction through the drive sleeve 36. The movable baffle 52 will gradually overlap with the fixed baffle 51, increasing the opening size of the steam hood 26 to increase the steam flow, and gradually and steadily raise the internal temperature of the insulation shed assembly 1.
[0075] The temperature inside the insulation shed component 1 can be dynamically adjusted and maintained within a reasonable range. None of the components of the equipment require electricity, which significantly expands the range of applications for the equipment.
[0076] In summary, this embodiment achieves continuous heating and stable heat preservation for concrete construction in low-temperature environments. Driven by steam energy, it requires no external power, making the equipment more adaptable to areas without electricity or temporary construction environments. It also avoids the potential electrical safety hazards of traditional electric heating devices in damp construction areas. The various components form a stable synergistic effect. The baffle 21 manages the steam flow in segments to eliminate heat dead zones. The rotating frame 42 and the turbulence fan blades 41 achieve dual air disturbance to promote uniform heat transfer. The water collection bag 25 centrally treats condensate and also has a sealing function. The temperature control component 3 achieves fully automatic temperature regulation inside the shed through the solid-liquid conversion of the thermosensitive tank 31, enabling the concrete to maintain a suitable hydration reaction rate in low-temperature environments. This not only effectively avoids the problem of significant strength reduction caused by frost damage, but also significantly improves construction progress and project quality.
[0077] Example 2, refer to Figures 1 to 6 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides structural optimization of concrete construction equipment and construction method in low-temperature environments.
[0078] Specifically, the temperature control component 3 also includes a fixing frame 32 disposed at the bottom of the thermosensitive tank 31, a piston column 34 disposed inside the fixing frame 32, a vertical rod 35 disposed at the top of the piston column 34, and a drive sleeve 36 disposed at the end of the vertical rod 35. The end of the fixing frame 32 is connected to the support frame 11.
[0079] The flow equalization assembly 4 also includes a connecting rod 45 rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the rotating frame 42 and a positioning sleeve 43 disposed on the top of the rotating frame 42. The positioning sleeve 43 is rotatably disposed on the outer surface of the upright 35. The turbine fan blade 44 is disposed on the outer wall of the end of the positioning sleeve 43, and the turbulence fan blade 41 is disposed on the outer wall of the end of the connecting rod 45.
[0080] The outer surface of the thermal container 31 is provided with a guide groove 33 in the circumferential direction. The inner end of the connecting rod 45 is rotatably provided with a guide wheel 46. The guide wheel 46 is located inside the guide groove 33 and slides in contact with it. The guide groove 33 is composed of two annular grooves and two inclined grooves. The annular grooves are semi-circular. The two annular grooves are respectively opened at the upper and lower ends of the thermal container 31 and are symmetrically distributed from left to right. The two inclined grooves are connected and disposed between the two ends of the two annular grooves.
[0081] The adjustment assembly 5 also includes a fixed baffle 51 disposed at the opening of the steam hood 26, a positioning post 53 disposed at the bottom center of the movable baffle 52, and a threaded groove 54 formed on the outer surface of the positioning post 53. The movable baffle 52 is rotatably disposed on the top surface of the fixed baffle 51, and the positioning post 53 penetrates the fixed baffle 51 and its end is located inside the drive sleeve 36, so that the turbulence fan blade 41 can form a larger range of air turbulence effect.
[0082] The inner wall of the drive sleeve 36 is provided with a limiting slider 37, which is located inside the threaded groove 54 and slides in contact with it. A spring 38 is provided between the upright 35 and the fixed baffle 51, which is wound around the outer surface of the drive sleeve 36. When the heat-sensitive medium of the heat-sensitive tank 31 changes volume due to temperature change, the piston rod 34 pushes the upright 35, causing the drive sleeve 36 to force the positioning pin 53 to rotate through the threaded groove 54, ultimately realizing the angle change of the movable baffle 52, so that the opening size of the steam hood 26 can be automatically adjusted according to the temperature.
[0083] The rest of the structure is the same as in Example 1.
[0084] When in use, after steam is input from the steam hood 26, the steam flows along the cavity divided by the partition 21, which rapidly heats the interlayer and transfers the heat to the construction area. At the same time, the turbulence fan blade 41 moves along the guide groove 33 of the thermosensitive tank 31 under the drive of the rotating frame 42. The guide wheel 46 changes the friction form from sliding to rolling, making the operation of the turbulence fan blade 41 more stable and efficient. This allows the turbulence fan blade 41 to generate a more complete double turbulence air circulation effect, further optimizing the air flow field inside the shed. When the steam temperature continues to rise, the thermosensitive medium in the thermosensitive tank 31 expands due to heat, pushing the piston column 34 upward. The upright 35 drives the drive sleeve 36 to control the positioning column 53 and the movable baffle 52, so that the opening size of the steam hood 26 is automatically adjusted with the temperature change.
[0085] In summary, through the cooperation of insulation shed component 1, heat equalization component 2, temperature control component 3, flow equalization component 4 and regulation component 5, an efficient, uniform and stable thermal environment can be formed inside the insulation shed, enabling long-term constant temperature curing of concrete without power supply and improving the construction quality in low-temperature environments.
[0086] The partition 21 divides the interlayer between the inner tarpaulin 12 and the outer tarpaulin 13 into multiple independent cavities. The ventilation holes 22 are arranged alternately on the left and right sides, so that the steam must pass through each cavity in sequence to completely fill the entire interlayer. This effectively avoids the phenomenon of high and low temperature zones caused by the rapid penetration of steam in a certain area. The steam in the end cavity enters the end area of the tarpaulin through the vent 23, so that the heat distribution of the entire shed is uniform in the circumference.
[0087] After the steam condenses on the cavity wall, it slides down the surface to the limiting ring 24 and flows into the water collection bag 25, which solves the problem of condensate dripping onto the concrete in traditional insulation sheds, affecting temperature and construction quality. The water collection bag 25, due to its heavy water content, can also strengthen the bottom sealing of the shed, prevent external cold air from seeping in, and improve the overall insulation capacity.
[0088] Steam causes the rotating frame 42 to drive the turbulence fan blades 41 to move in a circular motion. The connecting rod 45 further rotates under the action of the guide slide 33, so that the air forms a three-dimensional circulating flow field, which significantly improves the air temperature mixing efficiency. It relies entirely on steam kinetic energy and does not require motor drive, making it suitable for construction sites with no electricity or where power supply is difficult in winter.
[0089] The thermosensitive medium inside the thermosensitive tank 31 automatically expands or contracts in response to temperature changes. The opening and closing of the baffle is driven by the piston column 34, the upright rod 35 and the drive sleeve 36, thereby automatically adjusting the size of the opening of the steam hood 26 and maintaining a constant temperature inside the shed. The entire adjustment process requires no manual intervention and no power supply.
[0090] The coordinated action of uniform steam diffusion, sufficient air disturbance, and automatic temperature control minimizes temperature fluctuations inside the shed, effectively preventing temperature-induced cracks in the concrete and reducing the problem of delayed strength development caused by excessively low ambient temperatures, thus significantly improving the overall construction quality.
[0091] Example 3, referring to Figures 1 to 6 This is the third embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, this embodiment provides a concrete construction method in a low-temperature environment, which includes the following steps:
[0092] Step 1: Preparation of raw materials and concrete mix proportions:
[0093] Ordinary Portland cement with a strength grade of not less than 42.5 is used. The aggregate is kept free of ice and snow and stored in a closed aggregate silo. The mixing water is preheated to 20±2℃. The concrete adopts a winter-specific mix proportion with a low water-cement ratio and high cement content, and water-reducing agent and antifreeze agent are added.
[0094] Step 2: Concrete mixing and transportation:
[0095] Rinse the mixer with hot water and extend the mixing time to 150% of the normal temperature condition. Control the concrete outlet temperature to be no less than 10℃. Wrap the transport tanker with an insulated tank coat and ensure that the concrete pouring temperature is ≥5℃.
[0096] Step 3: Construct an insulated shed and create a steam flow channel:
[0097] An insulated shed consisting of a supporting frame 11, an inner tarpaulin 12 and an outer tarpaulin 13 is constructed, and a multi-cavity steam interlayer formed by partitions 21 is set between the inner tarpaulin 12 and the outer tarpaulin 13.
[0098] Steam enters the first cavity through the steam hood 26, and then enters the subsequent cavities in sequence through the staggered vent holes 22, realizing the segmented circulation of steam in the interlayer;
[0099] The condensate formed when the steam cools slides down the surface of the tarpaulin to the limiting ring 24 and enters the water collection bag 25 for unified collection. After the water collection bag 25 is filled with condensate, it hangs down and touches the ground, which can enhance the sealing performance between the heat preservation shed and the ground and reduce the infiltration of cold air.
[0100] Step 4: Steam-driven air turbulence:
[0101] The turbine blades 44 inside the steam hood 26 are used to impact the steam, which drives the rotating frame 42 to rotate. The rotating frame 42 drives the turbulence blades 41 to rotate in a circle and achieve self-rotation under the action of the guide groove 33, thereby forming a three-dimensional turbulent airflow inside the heat preservation shed, so as to maintain a uniform temperature distribution of the air inside the shed.
[0102] Step 5: Automatic temperature control inside the greenhouse:
[0103] By using the heat-sensitive tank 31 located at the top of the shed, the expansion and contraction of the heat-sensitive medium under temperature changes drive the piston column 34, the upright rod 35 and the drive sleeve 36 to move, so that the movable baffle 52 connected to the steam hood 26 automatically adjusts the opening size of the steam hood 26.
[0104] When the temperature inside the shed rises, the movable baffle 52 gradually closes to reduce steam input;
[0105] When the temperature inside the greenhouse drops, the movable baffle 52 opens under the action of the spring 38 to increase steam input, thereby achieving all-weather passive and adaptive temperature regulation.
[0106] Step Six: Concrete Pouring and Curing Procedures
[0107] Pour the concrete when the daytime temperature is high and immediately cover it with an insulated shed;
[0108] Stable curing temperature is maintained through steam diversion, air disturbance and automatic temperature control;
[0109] Formwork removal is permitted once the concrete strength reaches 50%.
[0110] The interior of the thermosensitive tank 31 is filled with a thermosensitive material that can undergo solid-liquid phase change within a preset temperature range. The expansion of the thermosensitive material pushes the piston column 34 upward, and the contraction causes the piston column 34 to move downward. The cooling rate during concrete curing is controlled within 5℃ / h to avoid temperature difference cracks in the concrete.
[0111] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A concrete construction equipment for low-temperature environments, characterized in that, include: The heat-insulating shed assembly (1) includes a support frame (11) arranged in a linear array, an inner tarpaulin (12) disposed on the inner wall of the support frame (11), and an outer tarpaulin (13) disposed on the outside of the support frame (11); and, The heat spreader assembly (2) includes a partition (21) disposed on the outer wall of the support frame (11), a steam hood (26) disposed between the support frame (11) and the outer tarpaulin (13), and a vent (22) opened on the outer wall of one end of the partition (21); and; Temperature control assembly (3) includes a thermal canister (31) disposed at the top inside the inner tarpaulin (12); and, The flow equalization assembly (4) includes a rotating frame (42) disposed on the outer periphery of the thermal tank (31), a turbulence fan blade (41) disposed outside the rotating frame (42), and a turbine fan blade (44) disposed inside the steam hood (26); and, The regulating component (5) includes a movable baffle (52) disposed at the opening of the steam hood (26); wherein, The partition (21) divides the interlayer of the inner tarpaulin (12) and the outer tarpaulin (13) into several independent cavities. The ventilation holes (22) on adjacent partitions (21) are staggered. The opening size of the steam hood (26) is adjusted by rotating the movable baffle (52) driven by the thermal expansion of the thermosensitive tank (31). The rotation of the turbine fan blade (44) is driven by the rotating frame (42) to rotate the turbulence fan blade (41) in a circular motion while rotating on its own axis.
2. The concrete construction equipment for low-temperature environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating shed assembly (1) further includes an inner curtain (14) disposed inside the openings at both ends of the inner tarpaulin (12) and an outer curtain (15) disposed outside the openings at both ends of the inner tarpaulin (12), with a cavity formed between the outer curtain (15) and the inner curtain (14).
3. The concrete construction equipment for low-temperature environments as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The heat equalization assembly (2) also includes air outlets (23) at the top of both ends of the inner tarpaulin (12), a limiting ring (24) at the bottom of the end of the partition (21), and a water collection bag (25) detachably disposed at the bottom of the limiting ring (24). The air outlets (23) connect the cavity between the outer curtain (15) and the inner curtain (14).
4. The concrete construction equipment for low-temperature environments as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature control component (3) further includes a fixing frame (32) disposed at the bottom of the thermosensitive tank (31), a piston column (34) disposed inside the fixing frame (32), a vertical rod (35) disposed at the top of the piston column (34), and a drive sleeve (36) disposed at the end of the vertical rod (35). The end of the fixing frame (32) is connected to the support frame (11).
5. The concrete construction equipment for low-temperature environments as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The flow equalization assembly (4) further includes a connecting rod (45) rotatably disposed on the inner wall of the rotating frame (42) and a positioning sleeve (43) disposed on the top of the rotating frame (42). The positioning sleeve (43) is rotatably disposed on the outer surface of the upright (35). The turbine fan blade (44) is disposed on the outer wall of the end of the positioning sleeve (43), and the turbulence fan blade (41) is disposed on the outer wall of the end of the connecting rod (45).
6. The concrete construction equipment for low-temperature environments as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the thermal tank (31) is provided with a guide groove (33) in the circumferential direction. The inner end of the connecting rod (45) is provided with a guide wheel (46) which is rotatably mounted on the outer wall. The guide wheel (46) is located inside the guide groove (33) and slides in contact with it. The guide groove (33) is composed of two annular grooves and two inclined grooves. The annular grooves are semi-circular. The two annular grooves are respectively opened at the upper and lower ends of the thermal tank (31) and are symmetrically distributed from left to right. The two inclined grooves are connected and disposed between the two ends of the two annular grooves.
7. The concrete construction equipment for low-temperature environments as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (5) further includes a fixed baffle (51) disposed at the opening of the steam hood (26), a positioning post (53) disposed at the bottom center of the movable baffle (52), and a threaded groove (54) opened on the outer surface of the positioning post (53). The movable baffle (52) is rotatably disposed on the top surface of the fixed baffle (51), and the positioning post (53) penetrates the fixed baffle (51) and its end is located inside the drive sleeve (36).
8. The concrete construction equipment for low-temperature environments as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the drive sleeve (36) is provided with a limiting slider (37), the limiting slider (37) is located inside the threaded groove (54) and slides in contact with it, and a spring (38) is provided between the upright (35) and the fixed baffle (51) and wound around the outer surface of the drive sleeve (36).
9. A method for concrete construction in a low-temperature environment, comprising the concrete construction equipment for a low-temperature environment as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of raw materials and concrete mix proportions: Ordinary Portland cement with a strength grade of not less than 42.5 is used. The aggregate is kept free of ice and snow and stored in a closed aggregate silo. The mixing water is preheated to 20±2℃. The concrete adopts a winter-specific mix proportion with a low water-cement ratio and high cement content, and water-reducing agent and antifreeze agent are added. S2. Concrete mixing and transportation: Rinse the mixer with hot water and extend the mixing time to 150% of the normal temperature condition. Control the concrete outlet temperature to be no less than 10℃. Wrap the transport tanker with an insulated tank coat and ensure that the concrete pouring temperature is ≥5℃. S3. Construct an insulated shed and create a steam flow channel: A heat-insulating shed consisting of a supporting frame (11), an inner tarpaulin (12), and an outer tarpaulin (13) is constructed. A multi-cavity steam interlayer formed by partitions (21) is set between the inner tarpaulin (12) and the outer tarpaulin (13). Steam enters the first cavity through the steam hood (26), and then enters the subsequent cavities in sequence through the staggered vent holes (22), realizing the segmented circulation of steam in the interlayer; The condensate formed by the steam when it cools slides down the surface of the tarpaulin to the limiting ring (24) and enters the water collection bag (25) for unified collection. The water collection bag (25) hangs down and touches the ground after being filled with condensate, which can enhance the sealing performance between the heat preservation shed and the ground and reduce the infiltration of cold air. S4, Steam-driven air turbulence: By using steam to impact the turbine blades (44) inside the steam hood (26), the turbine blades (44) drive the rotating frame (42) to rotate. The rotating frame (42) drives the turbulence blades (41) to rotate in a circle and make them rotate under the action of the guide slide (33), thereby forming a three-dimensional turbulent airflow inside the heat preservation shed, so as to keep the air inside the shed at a uniform temperature distribution. S5. Automatic temperature control inside the greenhouse: By using the thermosensitive tank (31) located at the top of the shed, the expansion and contraction of the thermosensitive medium under temperature changes drive the piston column (34), the upright rod (35) and the drive sleeve (36) to move, so that the movable baffle (52) connected to the steam hood (26) automatically adjusts the opening size of the steam hood (26); When the temperature inside the shed rises, the movable baffle (52) gradually closes to reduce steam input; When the temperature inside the shed drops, the movable baffle (52) opens under the action of the spring (38) to increase the steam input, thereby achieving all-weather passive and adaptive temperature regulation; S6. Concrete pouring and curing steps: Pour the concrete when the daytime temperature is high and immediately cover it with an insulated shed; Stable curing temperature is maintained through steam diversion, air disturbance and automatic temperature control; Formwork removal is permitted once the concrete strength reaches 50%.
10. The concrete construction method under low-temperature conditions as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The thermosensitive tank (31) is filled with a thermosensitive material that can undergo solid-liquid phase change within a preset temperature range. The expansion of the thermosensitive material pushes the piston column (34) upward and the contraction causes the piston column (34) to move downward. The cooling rate during concrete curing is controlled within 5℃ / h to avoid temperature difference cracks in the concrete.