Dynamic feedback self-adaptive fluctuation pressure control method and device for pressure-controlled drilling

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, in particular to a dynamic feedback self-adaptive fluctuation pressure control method and device for pressure-controlled drilling. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, monitoring pressure and flow in real time by using a pressure sensor and a flow sensor; 2, transmitting the pressure and flow data to a data processing module; and 3, analyzing the data, and processing the data in combination with a pressure-controlled drilling dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm. According to the method, through monitoring and data analysis of formation pressure and fluid flow, pressure-controlled drilling parameters are dynamically adjusted, a pressure-controlled drilling dynamic feedback self-adaptive control algorithm is embedded, the pressure-controlled drilling process is optimized, the pressure-controlled drilling efficiency and safety are improved, and the method is particularly suitable for petroleum drilling operation under complex geological conditions; the device based on the method not only can improve the pressure control drilling efficiency, but also can provide accurate parameter adjustment under the extreme operation condition, remarkably reduces the operation risk, and has wide application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil drilling technology, and is a dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method and device for pressure controlled drilling. Background Technology

[0002] Oil and gas resources in complex and difficult-to-drill formations such as deep earth, deep sea, and unconventional formations are important replacement areas for my country's energy consumption. A significant challenge associated with deep, high-temperature, and high-pressure drilling is the frequent leakage within a narrow safety pressure window. Precision pressure-controlled drilling technology, as an effective means to address narrow safety pressure windows, is increasingly in demand. Existing pressure-controlled drilling systems are not well-suited for safe drilling in deep, small-bore formations, exhibiting large errors in wellbore pressure simulation, significant wellbore pressure fluctuations, and low capacity to handle complex leakage issues. Therefore, research on key technologies for multiphase pressure control in ultra-deep wells is urgently needed to solve the challenges of safe and efficient drilling and well control in ultra-deep formations.

[0003] The research models for unsteady flow analysis technology in small-diameter ultra-deep wells are incomplete. The gas-liquid two-phase flow models used do not consider the possible slug flow, transition flow and other fluid models that may exist at small displacements below 10 L / s. They are insufficient to accurately describe the multiphase flow characteristics in the annulus after gas intrusion in small-diameter deep wells. As a result, the existing hydraulic software has large calculation errors under small displacement conditions.

[0004] Although some monitoring technologies, such as flow sensing and pressure detection, have been used in pressure-controlled drilling processes, these technologies suffer from problems such as complex modeling and difficult data processing, and lack dynamic feedback mechanisms, making it difficult to cope with complex and ever-changing geological conditions.

[0005] In recent years, with the increase in global energy demand and the development of geological exploration technology, oil drilling activities have gradually expanded to deeper and more complex formations. Traditional controlled pressure drilling technology and equipment can no longer meet the needs of the modern petroleum industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method and device for pressure-controlled drilling, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. It can effectively solve the problems of complex modeling and difficult data processing in the prior art, as well as the lack of dynamic feedback mechanism, making it difficult to cope with complex and ever-changing geological conditions and meet the needs of modern petroleum industry.

[0007] One of the technical solutions of this invention is achieved through the following measures: a dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for controlled pressure drilling, comprising the following steps: First, monitoring formation pressure using a pressure sensor and fluid flow rate using a flow sensor; Second, transmitting pressure and flow data to a data processing module; Third, the data processing module performs preliminary analysis and processing of the data; Fourth, the data processing module feeds back the data processing results to a control module, which then combines the controlled pressure drilling dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm with a fluctuation controller to adjust the opening of the controlled pressure drilling pump and suppress high pressure fluctuations; wherein, the controlled pressure drilling dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm is as follows:

[0008] Dynamic feedback adaptive response speed equation:

[0009] dx / dt=v±c (1)

[0010] Positive control pressure:

[0011] c + :H i+1 =H i -B(Q i+1 -Q i )-RQ i |Q i | (2)

[0012] Reverse control pressure:

[0013] c - :H i =H i+1 -B(Q i -Q i+1 )+RQ i+1 |Q i+1 | (3)

[0014] Adaptive control flow equation:

[0015]

[0016] Adaptive control opening equation:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, Q represents the adaptive control flow rate, and m 3 / s; H is for control pressure, MPa; T max The adaptive control time is set to s; Δt is the control time interval s; j is the solution time node; i n For calculating the grid nodes; B and R are process parameters; D is the channel diameter, m; f is the control flow friction coefficient; v is the drilling fluid velocity, m / s; c is the pressure propagation velocity, m / s; τ is the opening degree, °.

[0019] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to one of the above-mentioned technical solutions:

[0020] In the third step above, the data processing module feeds back the data processing results to the communication module.

[0021] In the fourth step above, the control module feeds back control data to the communication module.

[0022] In the fourth step above, the fluctuation controller feeds back the adjustment data to the data processing module.

[0023] The second technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: an apparatus for a dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for controlled pressure drilling, comprising a derrick, a controlled pressure drilling pump, and a controlled pressure drilling choke cabinet; a fluctuation controller is fixedly installed on the controlled pressure drilling pump; a controlled pressure drilling pipeline is connected between the derrick and the controlled pressure drilling pump; a pressure sensor and a flow sensor are fixedly installed on the controlled pressure drilling pipeline; a data processing module, a control module, and a communication module are installed in the controlled pressure drilling choke cabinet; the signal output terminals of the pressure sensor and the flow sensor are electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the data processing module via wires; the signal output terminal of the data processing module is electrically connected to the signal input terminals of the control module and the communication module via wires; and the signal output terminal of the control module and the signal input terminal of the fluctuation controller are electrically connected via wires.

[0024] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the second technical solution of the above invention:

[0025] The aforementioned communication module includes a data center and a communication base station. The signal output terminal of the data processing module is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the data center via a wire.

[0026] The aforementioned fluctuation controller is a pulse generator.

[0027] The aforementioned communication base station is a 5G communication base station.

[0028] This invention relates to a dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for controlled pressure drilling. Through real-time monitoring and data analysis of formation pressure and fluid flow, it dynamically adjusts controlled pressure drilling parameters, embeds a dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm, optimizes the controlled pressure drilling process, and improves controlled pressure drilling efficiency and safety. It is particularly suitable for oil drilling operations under complex geological conditions. Devices based on this method not only improve controlled pressure drilling efficiency but also provide precise parameter adjustments under extreme operating conditions, significantly reducing operational risks and demonstrating broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of Example 1.

[0030] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the fluctuation controller in Example 1.

[0031] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control flow of the data processing module and the control module in Example 1.

[0032] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow for Example 2.

[0033] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 is the derrick, 2 is the controlled pressure drilling pump, 3 is the controlled pressure drilling choke cabinet, 4 is the fluctuation controller, 5 is the controlled pressure drilling pipeline, 6 is the pressure sensor, 7 is the flow sensor, 8 is the data processing module, 9 is the control module, 10 is the data center, and 11 is the communication base station. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0035] In this invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 4 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as the positional relationships of front, back, top, bottom, left, and right, which are based on the instructions attached. Figure 4 The orientation of the layout is determined by the direction of the map.

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0037] Example 1, as shown in the attached document Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the controlled pressure drilling dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method proceeds according to the following steps: First, a pressure sensor monitors the formation pressure, and a flow sensor monitors the fluid flow rate; second, the pressure and flow data are transmitted to the data processing module; third, the data processing module performs preliminary analysis and processing of the data; fourth, the data processing module feeds back the data processing results to the control module, which then combines the controlled pressure drilling dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm with the fluctuation controller to adjust the opening of the controlled pressure drilling pump and suppress high pressure fluctuations; the controlled pressure drilling dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm is as follows:

[0038] Dynamic feedback adaptive response speed equation:

[0039] dx / dt=v±c (1)

[0040] Positive control pressure:

[0041] c + :H i+1=H i -B(Q i+1 -Q i )-RQ i |Q i | (2)

[0042] Reverse control pressure:

[0043] c - :H i =H i+1 -B(Q i -Q i+1 )+RQ i+1 |Q i+1 | (3)

[0044] Adaptive control flow equation:

[0045]

[0046] Adaptive control opening equation:

[0047]

[0048] In the formula, Q represents the adaptive control flow rate, and m 3 / s; H is for control pressure, MPa; T max The adaptive control time is set to s; Δt is the control time interval s; j is the solution time node; i n The graph represents the computational grid nodes; B and R are process parameters; D is the channel diameter (m); f is the control flow friction coefficient; v is the drilling fluid velocity (m / s); c is the pressure propagation velocity (m / s); and τ is the opening degree (°). This invention, a dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for controlled pressure drilling, dynamically adjusts controlled pressure drilling parameters through real-time monitoring and data analysis of formation pressure and fluid flow. It embeds a dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm for controlled pressure drilling to optimize the controlled pressure drilling process, improving efficiency and safety, and is particularly suitable for oil drilling operations under complex geological conditions. The introduction of fluctuation control (dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm for controlled pressure drilling) technology, by continuously controlling changing pressure fluctuations, more effectively increases drilling safety, making controlled pressure drilling operations more efficient and providing a more efficient and safer solution for oil drilling.

[0049] The above embodiment 1 can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs:

[0050] As attached Figure 1 As shown, in the third step, the data processing module feeds back the data processing results to the communication module.

[0051] As attached Figure 1 As shown, in the fourth step, the control module feeds back the control data to the communication module.

[0052] As attached Figure 1 As shown, in the fourth step, the fluctuation controller feeds back the adjustment data to the data processing module.

[0053] Example 2, as shown in the attached document Figure 4 As shown, the device for the dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method in controlled pressure drilling includes a derrick 1, a controlled pressure drilling pump 2, and a controlled pressure drilling choke cabinet 3. A fluctuation controller 4 is fixedly installed on the controlled pressure drilling pump 2. A controlled pressure drilling pipeline 5 connects the derrick 1 and the controlled pressure drilling pump 2. A pressure sensor 6 and a flow sensor 7 are fixedly installed on the controlled pressure drilling pipeline 5. A data processing module 8, a control module 9, and a communication module are installed inside the controlled pressure drilling choke cabinet 3. The signal output terminals of the pressure sensor 6 and the flow sensor 7 are electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the data processing module 8 via wires. The signal output terminal of the data processing module 8 is electrically connected to the signal input terminals of the control module 9 and the communication module via wires. The signal output terminal of the control module 9 and the signal input terminal of the fluctuation controller 4 are electrically connected via wires. The device based on this method can not only improve the efficiency of controlled pressure drilling but also provide precise parameter adjustments under extreme operating conditions, significantly reducing operational risks and showing broad application prospects. The fluctuation controller 4 is connected to the pressure-controlled drilling pump 2 to suppress intermittent high-pressure fluctuations, maintain formation stability, and improve wellbore pressure control efficiency. The data processing module 8 is connected to the pressure sensor 6 and the flow sensor 7 to collect and analyze real-time data. The control module 9 is connected to the data processing module 8 and the fluctuation controller 4 to dynamically adjust the pressure-controlled drilling parameters based on the analysis results, and it incorporates a dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm for pressure-controlled drilling. The data processing module 8 may include a data acquisition unit, a data analysis unit, and a storage unit to establish a dynamic relationship model between formation response and fluctuation parameters. The control module 9 may include a controller and an actuator to control the fluctuation controller 4 to adjust the frequency and intensity of high-pressure fluctuations based on the data analysis results. The communication module may include a wireless communication unit and a wired communication unit to transmit real-time monitoring data to a remote monitoring center, enabling remote monitoring and operation and providing real-time operational status information. The fluctuation controller 4 may include a fluctuation valve and a control circuit. The pressure-controlled drilling pump 2 is connected to the fluctuation valve, and the opening and closing of the fluctuation valve is controlled by the control circuit to suppress high pressure fluctuations. The pressure-controlled drilling pump 2 can provide the required pressure to the high pressure pump. The control circuit regulates and suppresses intermittent high pressure fluctuations through the fluctuation valve to perform pressure-controlled drilling on the formation.

[0054] This device for dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control in controlled pressure drilling achieves intelligent control of the controlled pressure drilling process by real-time monitoring and feedback adjustment of controlled pressure drilling parameters. The device uses sensors to collect data such as formation pressure and fluid flow rate, and performs real-time analysis and adjustment through fluctuation control technology and intelligent algorithms. In particular, the innovative fluctuation control technology (dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm for controlled pressure drilling) can suppress intermittent high-pressure fluctuations during controlled pressure drilling, enabling more effective controlled pressure drilling of the formation and improving drilling efficiency. This fluctuation control technology allows the device to quickly respond to and adjust minute fluctuations in pressure in response to different formations during controlled pressure drilling, significantly improving operational efficiency and safety.

[0055] The above embodiment 2 can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs:

[0056] As attached Figure 4 As shown, the communication module includes a data center 10 and a communication base station 11. The signal output terminal of the data processing module 8 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the data center 10 via wires.

[0057] As needed, the fluctuation controller 4 is a pulse generator. The pulse generator is a known and commonly used one.

[0058] As required, communication base station 11 is a 5G communication base station. The communication module may include a wireless communication unit and a wired communication unit. The wireless communication unit adopts 5G technology to achieve high-speed data transmission.

[0059] Advantages of this invention: By introducing wave control technology, this invention utilizes intermittent high-pressure fluctuations to conduct more effective controlled-pressure drilling of formations, improving the formation efficiency of oil and gas permeation channels. The real-time feedback control system, through analysis of pressure and flow data, achieves dynamic adjustment of controlled-pressure drilling parameters and intelligent management of the controlled-pressure drilling process (embedded with a dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm), improving the efficiency and safety of controlled-pressure drilling. This invention has been experimentally verified in oil wells under various complex geological conditions, and the results show that it can significantly improve the efficiency of controlled-pressure drilling operations and reduce the occurrence of safety accidents. The device using this method is easy to install, has low maintenance costs, a high degree of intelligence, and strong real-time performance. It can effectively improve the efficiency and safety of controlled-pressure drilling under complex geological conditions and is suitable for oil drilling operations under various geological conditions. Through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, this invention achieves intelligent management of the controlled-pressure drilling process, providing a brand-new solution for efficient and safe drilling in the oil industry.

[0060] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. A dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for pressure-controlled drilling, characterized in that... The process is as follows: First, monitor formation pressure using a pressure sensor and fluid flow rate using a flow sensor; second, transmit the pressure and flow data to the data processing module; third, the data processing module performs preliminary analysis and processing of the data; fourth, the data processing module feeds back the processing results to the control module, which then uses a controlled pressure drilling dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm to adjust the opening of the controlled pressure drilling pump through a fluctuation controller to suppress high pressure fluctuations; the controlled pressure drilling dynamic feedback adaptive control algorithm is as follows: Dynamic feedback adaptive response speed equation: dx / dt=v±c(1) Positive control pressure: c + :H i+1 =H i -B(Q i+1 -Q i )-RQ i Q i (2) Reverse control pressure: c - :H i =H i+1 -B(Q i -Q i+1 )+RQ i+1 Q i+1 (3) Adaptive control flow equation: Adaptive control opening equation: In the formula, Q represents the adaptive control flow rate, and m 3 / s; H is for control pressure, MPa; T max The adaptive control time is set to s; Δt is the control time interval s; j is the solution time node; i n For calculating the grid nodes; B and R are process parameters; D is the channel diameter, m; f is the control flow friction coefficient; v is the drilling fluid velocity, m / s; c is the pressure propagation velocity, m / s; τ is the opening degree, °.

2. The dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for controlled pressure drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that... In the third step, the data processing module feeds back the data processing results to the communication module.

3. The dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for controlled pressure drilling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... In the fourth step, the control module feeds back control data to the communication module.

4. The dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for controlled pressure drilling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... In the fourth step, the fluctuation controller feeds back the adjustment data to the data processing module.

5. The dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for controlled pressure drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that... In the fourth step, the fluctuation controller feeds back the adjustment data to the data processing module.

6. An apparatus for a dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for controlled pressure drilling according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, characterized in that... It includes a derrick, a controlled pressure drilling pump, and a controlled pressure drilling choke cabinet; a fluctuation controller is fixedly installed on the controlled pressure drilling pump; a controlled pressure drilling pipeline is connected between the derrick and the controlled pressure drilling pump; a pressure sensor and a flow sensor are fixedly installed on the controlled pressure drilling pipeline; a data processing module, a control module, and a communication module are installed inside the controlled pressure drilling choke cabinet; the signal output terminals of the pressure sensor and the flow sensor are electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the data processing module via wires; the signal output terminal of the data processing module is electrically connected to the signal input terminals of the control module and the communication module via wires; and the signal output terminal of the control module and the signal input terminal of the fluctuation controller are electrically connected via wires.

7. The apparatus for the dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for pressure-controlled drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that... The communication module includes a data center and a communication base station. The signal output terminal of the data processing module is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the data center via wires.

8. The apparatus for the dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for pressure-controlled drilling according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that... The fluctuation controller is a pulse generator.

9. The apparatus for the dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for pressure-controlled drilling according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that... The communication base station is a 5G communication base station.

10. The apparatus for the dynamic feedback adaptive fluctuation pressure control method for pressure-controlled drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that... The communication base station is a 5G communication base station.

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