Efficient noise reduction system and method suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencer

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient noise reduction system and method suitable for a high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencer. The system comprises a thermoelastic vibration monitoring module, a temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module, a turbulence pulsation sensing module, a comprehensive noise elimination amount optimization module and an adjustable noise elimination structure execution module. The thermoelastic vibration monitoring module collects parameters and outputs a coupling coefficient, the equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module receives the parameters and calculates equivalent acoustic impedance, the turbulence pulsation sensing module collects the parameters and calculates turbulence intensity and wavelength, the comprehensive noise reduction optimization module calculates noise reduction and generates an instruction, and the execution module adjusts the structure according to the instruction. The problem that the silencing effect is poor due to the fact that multi-factor coupling is not considered in the prior art is solved, and stable noise reduction under the high-pressure and high-temperature working conditions is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencing technology, specifically to a high-efficiency noise reduction system and method for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers. Background Technology

[0002] In high-pressure, high-temperature pipeline operation scenarios, the temperature of the medium inside the pipeline often reaches over 400℃ and the pressure exceeds 10MPa. Noise control under such extreme conditions has always been a challenge for the industry. Existing pipeline silencers mostly focus on passive noise reduction designs for airborne sound, achieving noise attenuation solely through fixed-structure noise-reducing materials or expansion cavities. This completely ignores the coupling effects of multiple physical field factors under high pressure and high temperature conditions: the pipeline wall experiences thermoelastic vibrations due to temperature gradients, and the structural sound excited by these vibrations couples with the airborne sound inside the pipe, significantly weakening the noise reduction effect; temperature and pressure fluctuations cause nonlinear changes in the acoustic impedance of the noise-reducing material, resulting in impedance mismatch; turbulent pulsations of the high-pressure airflow inside the pipe also modulate the sound wave propagation characteristics, further exacerbating the instability of the noise reduction. Because existing technologies have not designed suitable noise reduction schemes for the above coupling effects, the actual noise reduction effect of silencers under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions is far lower than the design value, failing to meet the noise control requirements of industrial sites.

[0003] Based on the above problems, there is an urgent need for a high-efficiency noise reduction technology that can take into account the coupling effects of multiple factors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, comprising: a thermoelastic vibration monitoring module for collecting thermal strain, temperature gradient, and internal medium pressure of the pipeline wall, calculating structural acoustic radiation power and the coupling coefficient between structural sound and airborne sound, and outputting the coupling coefficient, thermal strain, temperature gradient, and internal medium pressure; a temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module for receiving the coupling coefficient, temperature gradient, and internal medium pressure output by the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module, calculating and outputting the equivalent acoustic impedance of the silencer material; and a turbulence pulsation sensing module for collecting data on the internal flow of the pipeline. The system calculates the turbulent pulsation intensity and sound wave wavelength based on the root mean square of the turbulent pulsation pressure and the incident sound wave frequency, and outputs the turbulent pulsation intensity, the incident sound wave frequency, and the sound wave wavelength; a comprehensive noise reduction optimization module receives the equivalent acoustic impedance output by the temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module and the turbulent pulsation intensity, the incident sound wave frequency, and the sound wave wavelength output by the turbulent pulsation sensing module, calculates the noise reduction amount, and generates an adjustment command; an adjustable noise reduction structure execution module receives the adjustment command output by the comprehensive noise reduction optimization module and drives the actuator to change the diameter of the muffler expansion cavity or the filling density of the noise reduction material.

[0005] Preferably, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module includes a fiber optic grating sensor, a pressure sensor, and a pipeline material parameter storage unit. The fiber optic grating sensor is used to collect the thermal strain and the temperature gradient, the pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure of the medium inside the pipeline, and the pipeline material parameter storage unit stores the elastic modulus, linear expansion coefficient, material density, and longitudinal wave velocity of the pipeline material. The thermoelastic vibration monitoring module calculates the thermal stress on the pipeline wall based on the elastic modulus, the linear expansion coefficient, and the temperature gradient, and calculates the thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency based on the longitudinal wave velocity and the pipeline length.

[0006] Preferably, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module includes a sound-absorbing material parameter storage unit and a gas parameter storage unit. The sound-absorbing material parameter storage unit stores the inherent acoustic impedance and temperature impedance coefficient of the sound-absorbing material at normal temperature and pressure. The gas parameter storage unit stores the gas adiabatic index and standard atmospheric pressure. The temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module calls the inherent acoustic impedance, the temperature impedance coefficient, the coupling coefficient, the temperature gradient, the pressure of the medium inside the pipeline, the standard atmospheric pressure, and the gas adiabatic index to calculate the equivalent acoustic impedance.

[0007] Preferably, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the turbulence pulsation sensing module includes a miniature dynamic pressure sensor and a sound wave frequency acquisition unit. The miniature dynamic pressure sensor is used to acquire the root mean square of the turbulence pulsation pressure, and the sound wave frequency acquisition unit is used to acquire the incident sound wave frequency. The turbulence pulsation sensing module calls the gas velocity parameter in the pipe, calculates the sound wave wavelength in combination with the incident sound wave frequency, and calculates the turbulence pulsation intensity based on the ratio of the root mean square of the turbulence pulsation pressure to the pressure of the medium in the pipe.

[0008] Preferably, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module adopts structural acoustic excitation power calculation logic, and combines the pipeline wall thermal stress, thermal strain, pipeline internal medium pressure, pipeline inner diameter, silencer section pipeline length, pipeline wall thickness, thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency, pipeline material density, and pipeline material longitudinal wave velocity to complete the structural acoustic radiation power calculation.

[0009] Preferably, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module adopts equivalent acoustic impedance calculation logic, and combines the inherent acoustic impedance of the silencer material under normal temperature and pressure, the temperature impedance coefficient of the silencer material, the temperature gradient, the coupling coefficient of structural sound and air sound, the pressure of the medium inside the pipeline, the standard atmospheric pressure, and the gas adiabatic index to complete the equivalent acoustic impedance calculation.

[0010] Preferably, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the comprehensive noise reduction optimization module adopts comprehensive noise reduction calculation logic, and combines the equivalent acoustic impedance, the acoustic impedance of the medium inside the pipeline, the turbulence pulsation intensity, the incident sound wave frequency, the diameter of the silencer expansion cavity, the sound velocity of the gas inside the pipe, the sound wave wavelength, the dimensionless noise reduction correction coefficient, and the coupling coefficient of structural sound and airborne sound to complete the noise reduction calculation.

[0011] Preferably, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the adjustable silencing structure execution module includes a piezoelectric ceramic actuator, a miniature push rod, and a command recognition unit. The piezoelectric ceramic actuator is connected to the inner wall of the silencer expansion cavity, the miniature push rod is in contact with the silencing material filling layer, and the command recognition unit is used to identify the silencer expansion cavity diameter adjustment parameter or the silencing material filling density adjustment parameter in the adjustment command. The adjustable silencing structure execution module drives the piezoelectric ceramic actuator or the miniature push rod to complete the parameter adjustment according to the recognition result.

[0012] A highly efficient noise reduction method for high-pressure, high-temperature pipeline silencers includes the following steps: S1, system initialization, storing pipeline material parameters, silencer material parameters, and gas parameters, and setting the target noise reduction amount; S2, acquiring the thermal strain and temperature gradient of the pipeline wall through a fiber optic grating sensor, acquiring the pressure of the medium inside the pipeline through a pressure sensor, calculating the thermal stress and thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency of the pipeline wall, calculating the structural sound radiation power using structural sound excitation power calculation logic, and outputting the coupling coefficient between structural sound and airborne sound; S3, receiving the coupling coefficient, the temperature gradient, and the pressure of the medium inside the pipeline, and using equivalent acoustic impedance... S4. The equivalent acoustic impedance of the silencing material is calculated using computational logic; S5. The root mean square pressure of turbulent pulsation in the pipeline is collected by a miniature dynamic pressure sensor, and the incident sound wave frequency is collected by a sound wave frequency acquisition unit to calculate the turbulence pulsation intensity and the sound wave wavelength; S6. The equivalent acoustic impedance, the turbulence pulsation intensity, the incident sound wave frequency and the sound wave wavelength are received, and the silencing amount is calculated using comprehensive silencing amount calculation logic. The silencing amount is compared with the target silencing amount to generate an adjustment command; S7. The adjustment command is received, and the actuator is driven to change the diameter of the muffler expansion cavity or the filling density of the silencing material, and the process returns to step S2 to continue execution.

[0013] Preferably, according to the above-mentioned efficient noise reduction method for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the pipeline material parameters in step S1 include the elastic modulus, linear expansion coefficient, material density, and longitudinal wave velocity of the pipeline material; the silencer material parameters include the inherent acoustic impedance and temperature impedance coefficient at normal temperature and pressure; and the gas parameters include the gas adiabatic index, standard atmospheric pressure, gas velocity inside the pipe, and medium density inside the pipe. In step S2, the frequencies of the thermal strain, temperature gradient, and medium pressure inside the pipe are consistent with the thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency. In step S5, when comparing the noise reduction amount with the target noise reduction amount, if the noise reduction amount is less than the target noise reduction amount, an adjustment command is generated that includes the silencer expansion cavity diameter adjustment parameter and adjustment range or the silencer material filling density adjustment parameter and adjustment range; if the noise reduction amount is greater than or equal to the target noise reduction amount, an instruction to maintain the current parameters is generated.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This invention captures the coupling relationship between structural sound and airborne sound through a thermoelastic vibration monitoring module, quantifies the influence of temperature and pressure on the sound-absorbing material by combining an equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module, supplements the role of turbulence factors by a turbulence pulsation sensing module, and finally generates adjustment commands by a comprehensive optimization module to drive structural adjustment. This invention creatively solves the problem of poor sound absorption effect caused by neglecting the coupling of multiple factors in existing technologies, and achieves stable control of sound absorption under high pressure and high temperature conditions, filling the gap in pipeline noise reduction technology under extreme conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a connection block diagram of the high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers applicable to this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the high-efficiency noise reduction method for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers applicable to this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Traditional high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline noise reduction technology has the following technical problems: it does not consider the coupling effect of structural sound with air sound, temperature, pressure and turbulence, and relies solely on fixed structure noise reduction. It cannot adapt to the dynamic changes of parameters under extreme working conditions, resulting in the noise reduction scheme being out of touch with the actual working conditions and the noise reduction effect being unstable.

[0020] Based on this, please refer to Figure 1-2 A high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers includes: a thermoelastic vibration monitoring module for collecting thermal strain, temperature gradient, and internal medium pressure of the pipeline wall, calculating structural acoustic radiation power and the coupling coefficient between structural sound and airborne sound, and outputting the coupling coefficient, thermal strain, temperature gradient, and internal medium pressure; a temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module for receiving the coupling coefficient, temperature gradient, and internal medium pressure output by the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module, calculating and outputting the equivalent acoustic impedance of the silencer material; and a turbulence pulsation sensing module for collecting turbulence pulsation data within the pipeline. The system calculates the turbulence pulsation intensity and sound wave wavelength based on the root mean square of dynamic pressure and the incident sound wave frequency, and outputs the turbulence pulsation intensity, the incident sound wave frequency, and the sound wave wavelength; the integrated noise reduction optimization module receives the equivalent acoustic impedance output by the temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module and the turbulence pulsation intensity, the incident sound wave frequency, and the sound wave wavelength output by the turbulence pulsation sensing module, calculates the noise reduction amount, and generates adjustment commands; the adjustable noise reduction structure execution module receives the adjustment commands output by the integrated noise reduction optimization module and drives the actuator to change the diameter of the muffler expansion cavity or the filling density of the noise reduction material.

[0021] The core of this technical solution lies in constructing a multi-module collaborative closed-loop noise reduction logic. Each module achieves dynamic adaptation to multiple coupling factors under extreme working conditions through precise parameter transmission and calculation. The thermoelastic vibration monitoring module, as the front-end sensing unit, integrates sensing components that directly act on key parts of the pipeline. It captures the thermal strain and temperature gradient of the pipeline wall through the wavelength drift characteristics of the fiber optic grating sensor and collects the pressure of the medium inside the pipe through the pressure sensor. The module pre-stores the basic parameters of the pipeline material, including elastic modulus, coefficient of linear expansion, material density, and longitudinal wave velocity. Based on structural dynamics theory, it first derives the thermal stress of the pipeline wall through thermal stress calculation logic, then calculates the characteristic frequency of thermoelastic vibration by combining the pipeline length and longitudinal wave velocity, and then obtains the structural acoustic radiation power through structural acoustic radiation power calculation logic. At the same time, it collects the incident air acoustic power and obtains the coupling coefficient between structural sound and air acoustic by the ratio of the two. The coupling coefficient, thermal strain, temperature gradient, and pressure of the medium inside the pipeline are synchronously output to the temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module. After receiving the above parameters, the temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module calls pre-stored parameters such as the inherent acoustic impedance of the silencing material, temperature impedance coefficient, gas adiabatic index, and standard atmospheric pressure. Based on the impedance correction theory of nonlinear acoustics, it performs temperature, pressure, and structural acoustic coupling correction on the inherent acoustic impedance of the silencing material through multi-dimensional correction logic, ultimately obtaining an equivalent acoustic impedance that fits the actual working conditions, and outputs it to the comprehensive noise reduction optimization module. The turbulence pulsation sensing module captures the turbulence pulsation pressure signal inside the pipe through a miniature dynamic pressure sensor, calculates the turbulence pulsation intensity, obtains the incident sound wave frequency through the sound wave frequency acquisition unit, and calculates the sound wave wavelength by calling the gas sound velocity parameter inside the pipe. The above three parameters are output to the comprehensive noise reduction optimization module. The comprehensive noise reduction optimization module integrates parameters such as equivalent acoustic impedance, turbulence pulsation intensity, incident sound wave frequency, and sound wave wavelength, combined with pre-stored parameters such as the acoustic impedance of the medium inside the pipe, the diameter of the silencer expansion cavity, and the dimensionless noise reduction correction coefficient. Through the comprehensive noise reduction calculation logic, it obtains the real-time noise reduction and generates corresponding adjustment instructions by comparing it with the preset target noise reduction. After receiving the adjustment command, the adjustable silencing structure execution module identifies the type of adjustment parameter through its internal command parsing unit and drives the corresponding actuator to adjust the diameter of the silencing expansion cavity or the filling density of the silencing material. Through the coordination of the above modules, the entire system achieves closed-loop control from parameter perception to structural adjustment, ensuring that the silencing solution always adapts to the dynamic changes of high pressure and high temperature working conditions.

[0022] Traditional thermoelastic vibration monitoring technology has the following technical problems: the single sensor has limited acquisition dimensions and cannot simultaneously acquire thermal strain, temperature gradient and pressure of medium in the pipeline. Furthermore, it does not combine the characteristics of pipeline material to calculate structural acoustic parameters, resulting in the acquired parameters not accurately reflecting the coupling relationship between structural acoustics and airborne acoustics.

[0023] Based on this, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module includes a fiber optic grating sensor, a pressure sensor, and a pipeline material parameter storage unit. The fiber optic grating sensor is used to collect the thermal strain and the temperature gradient, the pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure of the medium inside the pipeline, and the pipeline material parameter storage unit stores the elastic modulus, linear expansion coefficient, material density, and longitudinal wave velocity of the pipeline material. The thermoelastic vibration monitoring module calculates the thermal stress on the pipeline wall based on the elastic modulus, the linear expansion coefficient, and the temperature gradient, and calculates the thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency based on the longitudinal wave velocity and the pipeline length.

[0024] This technical solution achieves accurate acquisition of structural acoustic parameters through the integration of multiple sensors and parameter storage and calculation. The fiber optic grating sensor is made of high-temperature resistant quartz material, with a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating on the grating area to adapt to high-temperature environments above 400℃. The sensors are arranged along the axial and circumferential directions of the pipe. The axial sensor captures the axial thermal strain of the pipe, and the circumferential sensor captures the circumferential thermal strain. A demodulator converts the grating wavelength drift into specific strain and temperature values ​​to ensure the accuracy of the acquired data. The pressure sensor is made of sapphire material, with a temperature range of -20℃ to 600℃ and a pressure limit of 20MPa. It is installed flush with the inner wall of the pipe to avoid interfering with the flow of the medium inside the pipe. The elastic modulus, coefficient of linear expansion, material density, and longitudinal wave velocity pre-stored in the pipe material parameter storage unit are all obtained through experimental calibration. The elastic modulus parameter is a fitted curve data of its variation with temperature gradient, while the coefficient of linear expansion, material density, and longitudinal wave velocity are characteristic values ​​corresponding to the pipe material. The calculation unit of the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module first uses Hooke's law to substitute the elastic modulus, linear expansion coefficient, and temperature gradient into the thermal stress calculation logic to obtain the thermal stress distribution on the pipe wall. Then, based on the elastic body vibration frequency theory in structural dynamics, it substitutes the longitudinal wave velocity and pipe length into the thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency calculation logic to obtain the thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency. The above calculation process provides basic parameters for the subsequent accurate calculation of structural acoustic radiation power, realizing the comprehensive capture of key parameters of the structural acoustic source.

[0025] Traditional equivalent acoustic impedance calculation techniques have the following technical problems: they are based only on the inherent parameters of the sound-absorbing material under normal temperature and pressure, without considering the effects of temperature gradient, pressure fluctuation and structural acoustic coupling. This results in a large deviation between the calculated acoustic impedance and the actual working conditions under high pressure and high temperature, and cannot provide an accurate basis for optimizing the sound absorption.

[0026] Based on this, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module includes a sound-absorbing material parameter storage unit and a gas parameter storage unit. The sound-absorbing material parameter storage unit stores the inherent acoustic impedance and temperature impedance coefficient of the sound-absorbing material at normal temperature and pressure. The gas parameter storage unit stores the gas adiabatic index and standard atmospheric pressure. The temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module calls the inherent acoustic impedance, the temperature impedance coefficient, the coupling coefficient, the temperature gradient, the pressure of the medium inside the pipeline, the standard atmospheric pressure, and the gas adiabatic index to calculate the equivalent acoustic impedance.

[0027] This technical solution achieves accurate calculation of equivalent acoustic impedance by combining a dual-parameter storage unit with multi-dimensional correction logic. The inherent acoustic impedance pre-stored in the sound-absorbing material parameter storage unit is a constant value measured by an impedance tube experiment at 25℃ and standard atmospheric pressure. The temperature impedance coefficient is a characteristic parameter obtained by fitting impedance test experiments under different temperature gradients, used to characterize the rate of change of the sound-absorbing material's acoustic impedance for every 1℃ change in temperature. The gas adiabatic index pre-stored in the gas parameter storage unit is determined according to the type of medium inside the tube, with a standard atmospheric pressure value of 0.1 MPa. The calculation process of the temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module is divided into three progressive correction stages: The first stage is temperature correction, which calls the inherent acoustic impedance, temperature impedance coefficient, and temperature gradient to obtain the acoustic impedance under the influence of temperature through temperature correction logic; the second stage is structural acoustic coupling correction, which combines the temperature-corrected acoustic impedance with the coupling coefficient and strengthens the influence of structural sound on the acoustic properties of the sound-absorbing material through coupling correction logic; the third stage is pressure correction, which calls the medium pressure in the pipeline, standard atmospheric pressure, and gas adiabatic index, and completes the final correction of the acoustic impedance by pressure through pressure correction logic based on the pressure-density relationship of the gas adiabatic process. After the three stages of correction are completed, the equivalent acoustic impedance is obtained. This calculation process comprehensively integrates the influence of temperature, pressure, and structural acoustic coupling to ensure that the equivalent acoustic impedance is accurately matched with the actual working conditions of high pressure and high temperature.

[0028] Traditional turbulence parameter sensing technology has the following technical problems: it only collects turbulence pressure parameters and does not combine them with the incident sound wave frequency to calculate the sound wave wavelength. It cannot fully capture the modulation effect of turbulence on sound wave propagation, resulting in incomplete parameter dimensions and failing to provide a complete basis for calculating the comprehensive noise reduction.

[0029] Based on this, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the turbulence pulsation sensing module includes a miniature dynamic pressure sensor and a sound wave frequency acquisition unit. The miniature dynamic pressure sensor is used to acquire the root mean square of the turbulence pulsation pressure, and the sound wave frequency acquisition unit is used to acquire the incident sound wave frequency. The turbulence pulsation sensing module calls the gas velocity parameter in the pipe, calculates the sound wave wavelength in combination with the incident sound wave frequency, and calculates the turbulence pulsation intensity based on the ratio of the root mean square of the turbulence pulsation pressure to the pressure of the medium in the pipe.

[0030] This technical solution achieves comprehensive perception of the modulation effect of turbulence on sound waves through the collaborative acquisition and parameter complementarity of dual sensing units. The miniature dynamic pressure sensor employs a piezoresistive structure with a response frequency of up to 10kHz, enabling precise capture of high-frequency turbulent pulsation signals. The sensor is installed in a stable flow field region within the pipe, avoiding interference from local eddies. The sound wave frequency acquisition unit uses a linearly arranged high-temperature resistant condenser microphone array, with the microphone spacing set to half the pipe diameter. The frequency of the incident sound wave is calculated using the phase difference method, covering a measurement range of 20Hz to 20kHz, ensuring the capture of sound wave signals across a wide frequency range. The calculation unit of the turbulence pulsation sensing module first calls the gas velocity parameter inside the pipe, which is corrected in real time based on the temperature and pressure of the medium inside the pipe. Then, combined with the incident sound wave frequency, the wavelength is obtained through wavelength calculation logic. Simultaneously, the root mean square of the turbulent pulsation pressure and the pressure of the medium inside the pipe are substituted into the turbulence pulsation intensity calculation logic. The ratio of these two values ​​yields the turbulence pulsation intensity, which directly reflects the strength of the turbulence. Through the above acquisition and calculation process, the three parameters output by the turbulence pulsation sensing module—turbulence pulsation intensity, incident sound wave frequency, and sound wave wavelength—form a complete set of turbulence-sound wave coupling parameters, providing a comprehensive basis for the accurate calculation of the overall noise reduction.

[0031] Traditional structural acoustic radiation power calculation techniques have the following technical problems: they do not integrate multiple factors such as thermal stress, thermal strain, pipe geometry parameters and material properties, and estimate structural acoustic radiation power only through a single parameter, resulting in a large deviation between the calculated results and the actual structural acoustic radiation power, and making it impossible to accurately quantify the coupling relationship between structural sound and airborne sound.

[0032] Based on this, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module adopts structural acoustic excitation power calculation logic, and combines the pipeline wall thermal stress, thermal strain, pipeline internal medium pressure, pipeline inner diameter, silencer section pipeline length, pipeline wall thickness, thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency, pipeline material density, and pipeline material longitudinal wave velocity to complete the structural acoustic radiation power calculation.

[0033] The core of this technical solution is based on structural dynamics and acoustic radiation theory, constructing a multi-parameter integrated structural acoustic excitation power calculation logic. The corresponding calculation process must strictly adhere to the principle of dimensional consistency to ensure the validity of the physical meaning of the calculation results. The formula corresponding to the structural acoustic excitation power calculation logic is as follows:

[0034] ;

[0035] The physical meaning and dimensions of each parameter are as follows: The structural acoustic radiation power is expressed in kilogram-meter-second-density (kg·m² / s³). It is a dimensionless correction coefficient, determined by the constraints and boundary damping of the pipeline. Its value is obtained through experimental calibration and is used to correct the influence of the pipeline boundary conditions on the acoustic radiation of the structure. The thermal stress on the pipe wall, in units of kg / m·s², is calculated by the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module based on the elastic modulus, coefficient of linear expansion, and temperature gradient. The thermal strain of the pipe wall is a dimensionless parameter that is directly acquired by a fiber optic grating sensor. The pressure of the medium inside the pipeline is measured in kilograms per meter second² and is collected by a pressure sensor. For the inner diameter of the pipe, For the length of the silencer section pipe, The pipe wall thickness is the unit of measurement for all three, which are meters, and are determined based on the actual pipe design parameters. The characteristic frequency of thermoelastic vibration, with dimensions of 1 / second, is calculated by the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module based on the longitudinal wave velocity and the pipe length. The density of the pipe material is expressed in kilograms per cubic meter. The longitudinal wave velocity of the pipe material, expressed in meters per second, is an inherent characteristic parameter of the pipe material and is pre-stored in the pipe material parameter storage unit. The theoretical basis for this calculation logic is as follows: the structural acoustic radiation power is directly proportional to the thermal stress and strain of the pipe wall; the greater the thermal stress and strain, the stronger the vibration amplitude of the pipe wall, and the higher the excited structural acoustic energy. The pressure of the medium inside the pipe exacerbates the wall vibration amplitude, thus being directly proportional to the medium pressure. The inner diameter, length, and wall thickness of the pipe determine the modal distribution of vibration, directly affecting the radiation efficiency of structural acoustics. The characteristic frequency of thermoelastic vibration determines the dominant frequency range of structural acoustics; the higher the frequency, the stronger the directivity of the sound radiation. The density and longitudinal wave velocity of the pipe material reflect the inertia and elasticity of the material; the greater the density and the higher the sound velocity, the stronger the damping effect of the material on vibration, and the lower the structural acoustic radiation power. Through the integrated calculation of these multiple parameters, the accurate quantification of structural acoustic radiation power is achieved, providing precise basic parameters for the subsequent calculation of the coupling coefficient between structural acoustics and airborne sound.

[0036] Traditional equivalent acoustic impedance calculation techniques have the following technical problems: they do not integrate the multi-dimensional effects of structural acoustic coupling, temperature gradient and pressure fluctuation, and rely solely on the inherent acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing material for calculation. This results in a large deviation between the calculation results and the acoustic characteristics of the sound-absorbing material under actual high pressure and high temperature conditions, and cannot provide an effective basis for optimizing the sound absorption.

[0037] Based on this, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module adopts the equivalent acoustic impedance calculation logic, and combines the inherent acoustic impedance of the silencer material under normal temperature and pressure, the temperature impedance coefficient of the silencer material, the temperature gradient, the coupling coefficient of structural sound and air sound, the pressure of the medium inside the pipeline, the standard atmospheric pressure, and the gas adiabatic index to complete the equivalent acoustic impedance calculation.

[0038] This technical solution is based on the impedance correction theory of nonlinear acoustics, and constructs a multi-dimensional progressive equivalent acoustic impedance calculation logic, the corresponding calculation formula of which is:

[0039] ,

[0040] The physical meaning and dimensions of each parameter are as follows: is the equivalent acoustic impedance, with dimensions in kg / m² / s, and is the target parameter for calculation; The inherent acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing material under normal temperature and pressure, with dimensions in kg / m² / s, is measured by impedance tube experiments and is pre-stored in the sound-absorbing material parameter storage unit. is the temperature impedance coefficient of the sound-absorbing material, with dimensions of 1 / ℃. It is obtained by fitting the impedance test experiments under different temperature gradients and is used to characterize the rate of change of acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing material when the temperature changes by 1℃. The temperature gradient, in units of °C, is obtained by collecting the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the pipe using a fiber optic grating sensor. The coupling coefficient between structural sound and airborne sound is a dimensionless parameter, output by the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module. The pressure of the medium inside the pipeline is measured in kilograms per meter second² and is collected by a pressure sensor. The pressure is standard atmosphere, with a value of 0.1 MPa and dimensions of kg / m·s². The gas adiabatic index is a dimensionless parameter determined based on the type of medium inside the pipe and pre-stored in the gas parameter storage unit. The theoretical basis for this calculation logic is that temperature gradients cause changes in the porosity and elastic modulus of the sound-absorbing material, thereby altering its acoustic impedance characteristics. Therefore, by... This project achieves a fundamental correction to the inherent acoustic impedance caused by temperature; the coupling between structural sound and airborne sound amplifies the effect of temperature on the acoustic properties of sound-absorbing materials through vibration transmission, therefore, it introduces... The effect of temperature correction is enhanced to obtain an intermediate acoustic impedance considering the acoustic coupling between temperature and structure. Fluctuations in the pressure of the medium inside the pipe change the density and velocity of the gas, thus affecting the impedance matching between the sound-absorbing material and the medium. Based on the pressure-density relationship of the gas adiabatic process, the following is derived: The pressure correction term provides a final correction to the intermediate acoustic impedance value. Through the three progressive correction stages of temperature, structural acoustic coupling, and pressure, a comprehensive optimization of the acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing material is achieved. This ensures that the calculated equivalent acoustic impedance accurately matches the actual acoustic environment under high pressure and high temperature conditions, providing core parameters for the accurate calculation of the overall sound attenuation.

[0041] Traditional integrated noise reduction calculation techniques have the following technical problems: they do not integrate the multi-factor effects of equivalent acoustic impedance, turbulent pulsation, and structural acoustic coupling, and rely solely on fixed reactive or resistive noise reduction formulas for calculation, resulting in a large deviation between the calculated noise reduction amount and the actual working conditions, and failing to provide accurate guidance for adjusting the noise reduction structure.

[0042] Based on this, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the comprehensive noise reduction optimization module adopts comprehensive noise reduction calculation logic, which combines the equivalent acoustic impedance, the acoustic impedance of the medium inside the pipeline, the intensity of turbulence pulsation, the frequency of incident sound waves, the diameter of the silencer expansion cavity, the sound velocity of the gas inside the pipe, the wavelength of the sound wave, the dimensionless noise reduction correction coefficient, and the coupling coefficient of structural sound and airborne sound to complete the noise reduction calculation.

[0043] This technical solution is based on resistive noise reduction theory, reactive noise reduction theory, and turbulence modulation model, and constructs a comprehensive noise reduction calculation logic that integrates multiple factors. The corresponding calculation formula is as follows:

[0044] ,

[0045] The physical meaning and dimensions of each parameter are as follows: The total noise reduction is a dimensionless parameter, and the unit is decibels. The equivalent acoustic impedance, in units of kg / m² / s, is output by the temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module. Let be the acoustic impedance of the medium inside the pipe, with dimensions in kilograms per square meter per second. It is obtained by multiplying the density of the medium inside the pipe by the velocity of sound. ,in The density of the medium inside the pipe is expressed in kilograms per cubic meter. The velocity of sound in the tube is given in meters per second. The intensity of turbulence fluctuation is a dimensionless parameter, output by the turbulence fluctuation sensing module. The frequency of the incident sound wave is 1 / second and is acquired by the sound wave frequency acquisition unit. The diameter of the muffler expansion cavity is measured in meters and is determined based on the muffler design parameters. Let λ be the wavelength of the sound wave, with dimensions in meters. It is obtained by the ratio of the sound velocity in the gas inside the tube to the frequency of the incident sound wave. ; This is a dimensionless noise reduction correction coefficient, obtained through experimental calibration, used to correct the additional effect of structural acoustic coupling on noise reduction. The coupling coefficient between structural sound and airborne sound is a dimensionless parameter output by the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module. The theoretical basis for this calculation logic is that the core determinant of noise reduction is the impedance matching degree between the noise-reducing material and the medium inside the pipe. The term is used to characterize the degree of impedance mismatch; the greater the mismatch, the more sound energy is reflected, and the higher the basic noise reduction. Turbulent fluctuations suppress the attenuation of mid-to-high frequency sound waves through airflow disturbances, thus... The project achieves the correction of noise reduction by turbulence, in which The length ratio is given by a dimensionless parameter to ensure dimensional consistency of the correction term. The reactive noise reduction effect of the muffler's expansion cavity is determined by the ratio of the expansion cavity diameter to the sound wave wavelength. Therefore, through... The component characterizes the contribution of resistance to noise reduction; structural acoustic coupling can further affect the noise reduction effect through vibration radiation, therefore, by... The project completed the supplementary correction of the noise reduction amount based on the structural acoustic coupling. Through the integrated calculation of the above multiple factors, the accurate quantification of the comprehensive noise reduction amount was achieved, providing a direct basis for the generation of subsequent noise reduction structure adjustment instructions.

[0046] Traditional adjustable silencer structure execution technology has the following technical problems: it lacks a dedicated instruction recognition unit, making it impossible to accurately analyze the parameter type of the adjustment instruction, and the actuator drive logic is simple, making it unable to adapt to the adjustment requirements of two different parameters: the diameter of the silencer expansion cavity and the filling density of the silencer material, resulting in low execution accuracy and poor adaptability.

[0047] Based on this, according to the above-mentioned high-efficiency noise reduction system for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the adjustable silencing structure execution module includes a piezoelectric ceramic actuator, a miniature push rod, and a command recognition unit. The piezoelectric ceramic actuator is connected to the inner wall of the silencer expansion cavity, the miniature push rod is in contact with the silencing material filling layer, and the command recognition unit is used to identify the silencer expansion cavity diameter adjustment parameter or the silencing material filling density adjustment parameter in the adjustment command. The adjustable silencing structure execution module drives the piezoelectric ceramic actuator or the miniature push rod to complete the parameter adjustment according to the recognition result.

[0048] This technical solution achieves precise adjustment of different silencing structure parameters through the collaborative design of an instruction recognition unit and dual actuators. The instruction recognition unit pre-stores fixed instruction encoding rules. The encoding format for the muffler expansion cavity diameter adjustment instruction is a specific character combination plus a numerical value, while the encoding format for the silencing material filling density adjustment instruction is another specific character combination plus a numerical value. Upon receiving an adjustment instruction from the integrated silencing optimization module, the instruction recognition unit first parses the instruction encoding, identifying the adjustment parameter type based on the difference in encoding format, and simultaneously extracting the adjustment amplitude value from the instruction. The piezoelectric ceramic actuator uses a stacked structure with a maximum displacement of 5 mm and a pressure resistance of 100 MPa. It is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the muffler expansion cavity using high-temperature adhesive, and the actuator's extension / retraction direction is consistent with the expansion cavity diameter direction. When the instruction recognition unit recognizes a diameter adjustment instruction, it outputs the corresponding drive signal to control the extension / retraction of the piezoelectric ceramic actuator, achieving precise adjustment of the muffler expansion cavity diameter. The miniature push rod employs a ball screw structure driven by a stepper motor. A pressure sensor is installed at the front end of the push rod to sense the filling pressure of the sound-absorbing material in real time, thereby determining the filling density. The maximum stroke of the push rod is 10 mm, with an adjustment accuracy of 0.01 mm. It contacts the sound-absorbing material filling layer through a mechanical structure. When the command recognition unit identifies a filling density adjustment command, it outputs a drive signal to control the rotation angle of the stepper motor, thereby controlling the advance or retraction of the miniature push rod. Combined with the feedback signal from the front-end pressure sensor, this ensures that the filling density of the sound-absorbing material meets the adjustment command requirements. Through the coordinated logic of the above command recognition and dual-actuator drive, precise adjustment of two different sound-absorbing structure parameters is achieved, significantly improving the adaptability and adjustment accuracy of the execution module.

[0049] Traditional noise reduction methods for high-pressure and high-temperature pipelines have the following technical problems: the step design lacks closed-loop logic, and the noise reduction setting is completed by relying solely on fixed operating procedures. It is impossible to adjust the operating steps according to the dynamic changes in actual working conditions, resulting in unstable noise reduction effect with fluctuations in working conditions.

[0050] Based on this, this embodiment provides a highly efficient noise reduction method for pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature, including the following steps:

[0051] S1, System initialization, storing pipeline material parameters, noise reduction material parameters and gas parameters, and setting the target noise reduction amount;

[0052] S2 collects the thermal strain and temperature gradient of the pipe wall through a fiber optic grating sensor, collects the pressure of the medium inside the pipe through a pressure sensor, calculates the thermal stress and thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency of the pipe wall, calculates the structural sound radiation power using structural sound excitation power calculation logic, and outputs the coupling coefficient between structural sound and airborne sound.

[0053] S3, receive the coupling coefficient, the temperature gradient and the pressure of the medium inside the pipe, and use the equivalent acoustic impedance calculation logic to calculate the equivalent acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing material;

[0054] S4: The root mean square of the turbulent pulsating pressure in the pipeline is collected by a miniature dynamic pressure sensor, and the incident sound wave frequency is collected by a sound wave frequency acquisition unit to calculate the turbulent pulsation intensity and sound wave wavelength.

[0055] S5, receive the equivalent acoustic impedance, the turbulence pulsation intensity, the incident sound wave frequency and the sound wave wavelength, calculate the noise reduction using the comprehensive noise reduction calculation logic, and generate an adjustment command by comparing the noise reduction with the target noise reduction;

[0056] S6, receive the adjustment command, drive the actuator to change the diameter of the muffler expansion cavity or the filling density of the muffler material, and return to step S2 to continue execution.

[0057] This technical solution achieves dynamic adaptation to noise reduction operations and changes in operating conditions through a six-step closed-loop process, ensuring the stability of the noise reduction effect. Step S1, system initialization, is automatically triggered after the system is powered on. Parameters are stored through the built-in storage component. Pipe material parameters include elastic modulus, coefficient of linear expansion, material density, and longitudinal wave velocity. Noise-reducing material parameters include inherent acoustic impedance and temperature impedance coefficient at normal temperature and pressure. Gas parameters include gas adiabatic index, standard atmospheric pressure, gas velocity inside the pipe, and density of the medium inside the pipe. All of these parameters are pre-entered through experimental calibration or design documents, and the target noise reduction is set according to the noise emission standards of the industrial site. Step S2 is the parameter acquisition and coupling coefficient calculation stage. The fiber optic grating sensor and pressure sensor start synchronously to acquire the thermal strain, temperature gradient, and internal medium pressure of the pipe wall. The acquisition frequency is consistent with the thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency obtained in subsequent calculations to ensure that the acquired data accurately reflects the vibration characteristics of structural sound. After acquisition, the thermal stress and thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency of the pipe wall are calculated first. Then, the structural sound radiation power is obtained through the structural sound excitation power calculation logic. Combined with the acquired incident air sound power, the coupling coefficient between structural sound and air sound is calculated and output. Step S3 is the equivalent acoustic impedance calculation stage. The coupling coefficient, temperature gradient, and internal medium pressure output from step S2 are received. The pre-stored relevant parameters are called, and the calculation is completed through the equivalent acoustic impedance calculation logic, and the equivalent acoustic impedance is output. Step S4 is the turbulence and acoustic wave parameter acquisition and calculation stage. The miniature dynamic pressure sensor and acoustic wave frequency acquisition unit work synchronously to acquire the root mean square of turbulent pulsating pressure and the incident acoustic wave frequency, calculate the turbulence pulsation intensity and acoustic wave wavelength, and output them. Step S5 is the noise reduction calculation and command generation stage. It receives the equivalent acoustic impedance output from step S3 and the relevant parameters output from step S4. Through comprehensive noise reduction calculation logic, it obtains the real-time noise reduction. The real-time noise reduction is compared with the target noise reduction set in step S1. If the real-time noise reduction is less than the target noise reduction, an adjustment command containing the adjustment parameter type and amplitude is generated; if the real-time noise reduction is greater than or equal to the target noise reduction, a command to maintain the current parameters is generated. Step S6 is the adjustment execution and closed-loop return stage. It receives the command generated in step S5, drives the actuator to complete the corresponding parameter adjustment, and immediately returns to step S2 after adjustment, restarting the parameter acquisition and calculation process to form a continuous closed-loop operation, ensuring the system can adapt to the dynamic changes of high-pressure and high-temperature operating conditions in real time.

[0058] Traditional noise reduction methods suffer from the following technical problems in parameter setting: the parameter definitions are vague, the specific components of each parameter are not clearly defined, and the acquisition frequency and judgment logic lack a unified standard, resulting in poor consistency in method execution and large fluctuations in noise reduction effect under different working conditions.

[0059] Based on this, according to the above-mentioned efficient noise reduction method for high-pressure and high-temperature pipeline silencers, the pipeline material parameters in step S1 include the elastic modulus, linear expansion coefficient, material density, and longitudinal wave velocity of the pipeline material; the silencer material parameters include the inherent acoustic impedance and temperature impedance coefficient at normal temperature and pressure; and the gas parameters include the gas adiabatic index, standard atmospheric pressure, gas velocity inside the pipe, and medium density inside the pipe. In step S2, the frequencies of the thermal strain, temperature gradient, and medium pressure inside the pipe are consistent with the thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency. In step S5, when comparing the noise reduction amount with the target noise reduction amount, if the noise reduction amount is less than the target noise reduction amount, an adjustment command is generated that includes the silencer expansion cavity diameter adjustment parameter and adjustment range or the silencer material filling density adjustment parameter and adjustment range. If the noise reduction amount is greater than or equal to the target noise reduction amount, an instruction to maintain the current parameters is generated.

[0060] This technical solution improves the consistency and operability of the noise reduction method by clearly defining the parameter composition and execution standards. The three types of parameters defined in step S1 are core foundational parameters for subsequent calculations. The pipe material parameter is obtained through experimental calibration based on the actual pipe material used in the application; the elastic modulus parameter is obtained from the fitted curve data of temperature variation, ensuring calculation accuracy under different temperature gradients; the sound-absorbing material parameter is measured through impedance tube experiments and temperature characteristic experiments; and the gas parameter is determined based on the type of medium inside the pipe, with a uniform standard atmospheric pressure of 0.1 MPa. The clear definition of these parameters avoids calculation deviations caused by parameter ambiguity. The setting in step S2, ensuring that the acquisition frequency is consistent with the thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency, is based on the fact that the thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency is the dominant frequency range of structural sound. Consistency between the acquisition frequency and the dominant frequency ensures that the acquired thermal strain, temperature gradient, and medium pressure data completely capture the vibration characteristics of structural sound, avoiding parameter distortion due to frequency mismatch and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent coupling coefficient calculations. The clearly defined noise reduction comparison logic in step S5 provides a unified standard for generating adjustment instructions. The adjustment parameters included in these instructions precisely correspond to the actuator types of the adjustable noise reduction structure execution module. The adjustment range is determined based on the difference between the real-time noise reduction and the target noise reduction; the larger the difference, the larger the adjustment range. Simultaneously, instruction logic to maintain current parameters is set to avoid unnecessary adjustment operations and reduce system energy consumption. Through the clear definition of the above parameter composition and execution standards, each step of the noise reduction method has a unified execution basis, significantly improving the consistency and reliability of the method's execution.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency noise reduction system for pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature, characterized in that, include: The thermoelastic vibration monitoring module is used to collect the thermal strain, temperature gradient and medium pressure inside the pipe wall, calculate the structural acoustic radiation power and the coupling coefficient between structural acoustic and airborne acoustic, and output the coupling coefficient, the thermal strain, the temperature gradient and the medium pressure inside the pipe. The temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module receives the coupling coefficient, temperature gradient, and medium pressure inside the pipe from the thermoelastic vibration monitoring module, calculates the equivalent acoustic impedance of the silencing material, and outputs it. The turbulence pulsation sensing module collects the root mean square pressure of the turbulence pulsation inside the pipe and the incident sound wave frequency, calculates the turbulence pulsation intensity and sound wave wavelength, and outputs the turbulence pulsation intensity, the incident sound wave frequency, and the sound wave wavelength. The comprehensive silencing optimization module receives the equivalent acoustic impedance output by the temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module and the turbulence pulsation intensity, the incident sound wave frequency, and the sound wave wavelength output by the turbulence pulsation sensing module, calculates the silencing amount, and generates an adjustment command. The adjustable silencing structure execution module receives the adjustment command output by the comprehensive silencing optimization module and drives the actuator to change the diameter of the muffler expansion cavity or the filling density of the silencing material.

2. The high-efficiency noise reduction system for pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thermoelastic vibration monitoring module includes a fiber optic grating sensor, a pressure sensor, and a pipe material parameter storage unit. The fiber optic grating sensor is used to collect the thermal strain and the temperature gradient. The pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure of the medium inside the pipe. The pipe material parameter storage unit stores the elastic modulus, coefficient of linear expansion, material density, and longitudinal wave velocity of the pipe material. The thermoelastic vibration monitoring module calculates the thermal stress on the pipe wall based on the elastic modulus, the coefficient of linear expansion, and the temperature gradient, and calculates the characteristic frequency of thermoelastic vibration based on the longitudinal wave velocity and the pipe length.

3. The high-efficiency noise reduction system for pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module includes a sound-absorbing material parameter storage unit and a gas parameter storage unit. The sound-absorbing material parameter storage unit stores the inherent acoustic impedance and temperature impedance coefficient of the sound-absorbing material at normal temperature and pressure. The gas parameter storage unit stores the gas adiabatic index and standard atmospheric pressure. The temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module calls the inherent acoustic impedance, the temperature impedance coefficient, the coupling coefficient, the temperature gradient, the pressure of the medium inside the pipeline, the standard atmospheric pressure, and the gas adiabatic index to calculate the equivalent acoustic impedance.

4. The high-efficiency noise reduction system for pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The turbulence pulsation sensing module includes a miniature dynamic pressure sensor and an acoustic frequency acquisition unit. The miniature dynamic pressure sensor is used to acquire the root mean square of the turbulence pulsation pressure, and the acoustic frequency acquisition unit is used to acquire the frequency of the incident acoustic wave. The turbulence pulsation sensing module calls the sound velocity parameter of the gas in the pipe, calculates the wavelength of the acoustic wave by combining it with the frequency of the incident acoustic wave, and calculates the intensity of the turbulence pulsation based on the ratio of the root mean square of the turbulence pulsation pressure to the pressure of the medium in the pipe.

5. The high-efficiency noise reduction system for pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The thermoelastic vibration monitoring module uses structural acoustic excitation power calculation logic, which combines the pipe wall thermal stress, thermal strain, pipe internal medium pressure, pipe inner diameter, silencer section pipe length, pipe wall thickness, thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency, pipe material density, and pipe material longitudinal wave velocity to complete the structural acoustic radiation power calculation.

6. The high-efficiency noise reduction system for pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature-pressure coupled equivalent acoustic impedance calculation module uses equivalent acoustic impedance calculation logic, which combines the inherent acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing material under normal temperature and pressure, the temperature impedance coefficient of the sound-absorbing material, the temperature gradient, the coupling coefficient between structural sound and air sound, the pressure of the medium inside the pipeline, the standard atmospheric pressure, and the gas adiabatic index to complete the equivalent acoustic impedance calculation.

7. The high-efficiency noise reduction system for pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The comprehensive noise reduction optimization module adopts comprehensive noise reduction calculation logic, which combines equivalent acoustic impedance, acoustic impedance of the medium inside the pipe, turbulence pulsation intensity, incident sound wave frequency, muffler expansion cavity diameter, gas sound velocity inside the pipe, sound wave wavelength, dimensionless noise reduction correction coefficient, and coupling coefficient of structural sound and airborne sound to complete the noise reduction calculation.

8. The high-efficiency noise reduction system for pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable silencing structure execution module includes a piezoelectric ceramic actuator, a miniature push rod, and a command recognition unit. The piezoelectric ceramic actuator is connected to the inner wall of the muffler expansion cavity, and the miniature push rod is in contact with the silencing material filling layer. The command recognition unit is used to identify the muffler expansion cavity diameter adjustment parameter or the silencing material filling density adjustment parameter in the adjustment command. The adjustable silencing structure execution module drives the piezoelectric ceramic actuator or the miniature push rod to complete the parameter adjustment according to the recognition result.

9. A method for efficient noise reduction of pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature, applied to the efficient noise reduction system for pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, System initialization, storing pipeline material parameters, noise reduction material parameters and gas parameters, and setting the target noise reduction amount; S2 collects the thermal strain and temperature gradient of the pipe wall through a fiber optic grating sensor, collects the pressure of the medium inside the pipe through a pressure sensor, calculates the thermal stress and thermoelastic vibration characteristic frequency of the pipe wall, calculates the structural sound radiation power using structural sound excitation power calculation logic, and outputs the coupling coefficient between structural sound and airborne sound. S3, receive the coupling coefficient, the temperature gradient and the pressure of the medium inside the pipe, and use the equivalent acoustic impedance calculation logic to calculate the equivalent acoustic impedance of the sound-absorbing material; S4: The root mean square of the turbulent pulsating pressure in the pipeline is collected by a miniature dynamic pressure sensor, and the incident sound wave frequency is collected by a sound wave frequency acquisition unit to calculate the turbulent pulsation intensity and sound wave wavelength. S5, receive the equivalent acoustic impedance, the turbulence pulsation intensity, the incident sound wave frequency and the sound wave wavelength, calculate the noise reduction using the comprehensive noise reduction calculation logic, and generate an adjustment command by comparing the noise reduction with the target noise reduction; S6, receive the adjustment command, drive the actuator to change the diameter of the muffler expansion cavity or the filling density of the muffler material, and return to step S2 to continue execution.

10. The high-efficiency noise reduction method for pipeline silencers suitable for high pressure and high temperature according to claim 9, characterized in that, The pipe material parameters in step S1 include the elastic modulus, linear expansion coefficient, material density, and longitudinal wave velocity of the pipe material. The noise-absorbing material parameters include the inherent acoustic impedance and temperature impedance coefficient at normal temperature and pressure. The gas parameters include the gas adiabatic index, standard atmospheric pressure, gas velocity inside the pipe, and medium density inside the pipe. In step S2, the frequencies of the thermal strain, temperature gradient, and medium pressure inside the pipe are consistent with the characteristic frequency of thermoelastic vibration. In step S5, when comparing the noise reduction amount with the target noise reduction amount, if the noise reduction amount is less than the target noise reduction amount, an adjustment command is generated that includes the adjustment parameters and adjustment range of the muffler expansion cavity diameter or the adjustment parameters and adjustment range of the noise-absorbing material filling density. If the noise reduction amount is greater than or equal to the target noise reduction amount, a command to maintain the current parameters is generated.

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