Test method, system, medium and device for automobile battery system

Abstract

The invention discloses a test method, system, medium and device for an automobile battery system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring vehicle data; performing vehicle operation simulation based on the vehicle data, and obtaining corresponding battery load data under different test conditions; performing battery operation simulation according to the battery load data to obtain battery information data; sending the battery information data to a battery management unit to obtain a corresponding battery management strategy, detecting the battery management strategy, and obtaining output battery management data; the method comprises the following steps: constructing a simulation model of a battery system, obtaining vehicle data, carrying out vehicle operation simulation under different test working conditions to obtain corresponding battery load data, and further obtaining battery information data, so as to directly verify the validity of a battery management system and adapt to the performance requirements of the battery system under different working condition scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery testing technology, and in particular to a testing method, system, medium, and apparatus for automotive battery systems. Background Technology

[0002] New energy vehicles have become the mainstream development direction of the automotive industry, making the Battery Management System (BMS) particularly important. More and more OEMs are starting to develop their own BMS, with the most crucial aspect being the testing of the BMS mainboard. Current testing methods use programmable battery simulators to simulate real battery signals, which are then collected by a slave board or host computer and transmitted to the BMS mainboard via CAN communication. This requires an additional battery simulator, and for new energy heavy-duty trucks, the designed battery capacity and number of cells necessitate more battery simulators, resulting in higher testing and maintenance costs compared to passenger vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a testing method, system, medium, and apparatus for automotive battery systems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a testing method for an automotive battery system, comprising: Acquire vehicle data, wherein the vehicle data is acquired through a transmission interface; Based on the vehicle data, vehicle operation simulation is performed to obtain battery load data under different test conditions. Battery operation simulation is performed based on the battery load data to obtain battery information data; The battery information data is sent to the battery management unit to obtain the corresponding battery management strategy, detect the battery management strategy, and obtain the output battery management data.

[0005] As a further description of the above technical solution: the step of performing vehicle operation simulation based on the vehicle data to obtain battery load data corresponding to different test conditions includes: Obtain the parameters of the test condition; Establish a vehicle operation simulation model and perform vehicle operation simulation based on the vehicle data and parameters; When the vehicle operation simulation is performed, the battery load data required for the vehicle load operation corresponding to the vehicle data is obtained; The parameters are retrieved again, and battery load data corresponding to multiple different test conditions are obtained.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: the test conditions include battery temperature conditions, charge / discharge conditions, and aging conditions.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: the battery information data includes the battery's voltage, current, state of charge, and health status.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the detection of the battery management strategy includes: Under the corresponding test conditions, the battery management strategy is tested based on the battery information data to confirm whether the battery management strategy is qualified, and the corresponding battery management data is obtained. The battery management data is then labeled and output.

[0009] It also includes a testing system for automotive battery systems, comprising: The acquisition module acquires vehicle data, wherein the vehicle data is acquired through a transmission interface; The simulation module performs vehicle operation simulation based on the vehicle data to obtain battery load data under different test conditions; and performs battery operation simulation based on the battery load data to obtain battery information data. The detection module sends the battery information data to the battery management unit to obtain the corresponding battery management strategy, detects the battery management strategy, and obtains the output battery management data.

[0010] It also includes a testing apparatus for an automotive battery system, the testing apparatus being used to perform the testing method described in any of the above technical solutions, the testing apparatus being configured in a hardware-in-the-loop simulation testing architecture, including: The interface unit acquires vehicle data through a communication protocol and connects to the battery management unit via a CAN transmission line to obtain battery management strategies. The interface unit connects the battery simulation unit and the vehicle simulation unit. The vehicle simulation unit sends the battery load data obtained from the vehicle operation simulation to the battery simulation unit, and the battery simulation unit returns the battery information data obtained from the battery operation simulation to the vehicle simulation unit.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the battery simulation unit and the vehicle simulation unit are connected to the host computer to obtain the parameter data sent by the host computer and update the parameter weights of the simulation operation.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the battery simulation unit integrates multiple cell model units, and each of the cell model units is configured with a power supply circuit, an equalization circuit, and a thermal management circuit.

[0013] It also includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for running the test method, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform the test method as described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0014] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: By constructing a simulation model of the battery system and directly connecting it to the battery management system to obtain battery management data and vehicle data, vehicle operation simulation is performed under different test conditions to obtain corresponding battery load data, thereby obtaining battery information data. This data is then used to directly verify the effectiveness of the battery management system and adapt it to the battery system performance requirements under different operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the testing method proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of obtaining battery load data under different test conditions in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the test system proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the testing device proposed in this invention.

[0017] Legend: 1. Interface unit; 2. Battery management unit; 3. Battery simulation unit; 4. Vehicle simulation unit; 5. Host computer.

[0018] A. Acquisition module; B. Simulation module; C. Detection module. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 One embodiment of the present invention provides a testing method for an automotive battery system, comprising: S1. Obtain vehicle data, wherein the vehicle data is obtained through a transmission interface; S2. Simulate vehicle operation based on vehicle data to obtain battery load data under different test conditions; S3. Perform battery operation simulation based on battery load data to obtain battery information data; S4. Send battery information data to the battery management unit to obtain the corresponding battery management strategy, detect the battery management strategy, and obtain the output battery management data.

[0021] In this embodiment, vehicle data is acquired, including vehicle power parameters, structural parameters, and actual vehicle operating condition data. Powertrain, dynamics, and driver models are constructed using this data to perform vehicle operation simulation. This process generates battery load data required for vehicle operation under different test conditions. The battery load data is then input into a battery simulation unit built using the Simscape tool. For example, multiple cells are connected using cell models from the Simscape library to perform battery operation simulation, generating battery information data including voltage, current, SOC (State of Charge), and SOH (State of Health). This battery information data is sent to the Battery Management System (BMS) to obtain the corresponding battery management strategy. The system checks whether the battery management strategy is qualified under the corresponding test conditions and marks the generated battery management data based on the detection results. Battery management data that passes the test can be used in a real vehicle using the corresponding BMS, while battery management data that fails the test is recorded and stored for subsequent optimization and adjustment of the BMS.

[0022] By constructing a simulation model of the battery system and directly obtaining vehicle data from real vehicles, vehicle operation simulations are performed under different test conditions to obtain corresponding battery load data, thereby obtaining battery information data. This data is then used to directly verify the effectiveness of the battery management system and adapt it to the battery system performance requirements under different operating conditions.

[0023] Reference Figure 2 Based on vehicle data, vehicle operation simulation is performed to obtain battery load data under different test conditions, including: S21. Obtain the parameters of the test condition; S22. Establish a vehicle operation simulation model and perform vehicle operation simulation based on vehicle data and parameters; S23. Obtain the battery load data required for the vehicle load operation corresponding to the vehicle data during vehicle operation simulation. S24. Reacquire parameters and obtain battery load data corresponding to multiple different test conditions.

[0024] In this embodiment, the parameters of the test conditions can be identified and obtained based on the acquired vehicle data, or they can be directly obtained by receiving the test condition parameters sent by the host computer. This enables the simulation of vehicle operation under specific conditions. A vehicle operation simulation model is constructed based on the vehicle data, including a power system model, a dynamics model, and a driver model. The power system model is used to simulate the power output and energy consumption requirements of the motor and engine, the dynamics model is used to simulate the load requirements during vehicle operation, and the driver model is used to simulate the operation inputs corresponding to different driving habits. Based on the real-time current and power requirements required for vehicle load operation, the data is converted into battery load data that the battery needs to provide. After completion, the next test condition is simulated to obtain battery load data under multiple different test conditions, forming a dataset for rapid verification during subsequent cell testing.

[0025] The test conditions include battery temperature conditions, charge / discharge conditions, and aging conditions.

[0026] In this embodiment, the temperature condition is used to simulate different temperature environments, such as -20℃ to 50℃, to simulate the effect of temperature on battery internal resistance, capacity, and polarization characteristics. When the temperature is below a preset threshold, the parameters are automatically adjusted. When the simulated temperature is below a first preset threshold, such as 0℃, the battery internal resistance compensation coefficient is automatically adjusted to x. When the temperature is below a second preset threshold, such as -10℃, the compensation coefficient is adjusted to y, where y > x. This achieves accurate simulation of battery charging and discharging characteristics at low temperatures. The cell temperature simulation is based on the simulation algorithm included in the cell model in the Simscape library. The cell temperature simulation algorithm for lithium-ion batteries is shown below: Discharge model (i>0):

[0027] Charging model (i < 0):

[0028] in,

[0029] Among them, T ref The nominal ambient temperature is T; the internal temperature of the cell is Ta; the ambient temperature is E / T; the temperature coefficient of the reversible voltage is α; the Arrhenius rate constant of the polarization resistance is β; the Arrhenius rate constant of the internal resistance is ΔQ / ΔT; the temperature coefficient of the capacity is C; and the slope of the discharge curve is C. For batteries with flat discharge curves, such as lithium-ion iron phosphate batteries, this parameter is set to 0.

[0030] The charging and discharging conditions include different charging and discharging rates, charging cut-off voltage, and discharging termination voltage. Based on the battery charging and discharging current during vehicle operation simulation, the corresponding cell voltage and current are obtained. SOC estimation and correction are performed based on the real-time current, and the consistency of the SOC estimation algorithm strategy of the BMS is checked.

[0031] The aging process is defined by the State of Health (SOH) value, such as SOH=80%. Combined with factors such as cycle number, depth of discharge, and charge / discharge current, the aging process simulates battery capacity decay and internal resistance increase. By adjusting the capacity decay parameters and polarization resistance parameters of the cell model in the Simscape library, the aging adaptation mode of the BMS is activated simultaneously to achieve seamless correction of the upper limit of charging current and the limit of discharge power, thus verifying the adaptability of the battery control strategy under aging conditions.

[0032] Specifically, for lithium-ion battery types, the impact of aging (caused by cycling) on ​​battery capacity and internal resistance is expressed as follows:

[0033] and,

[0034] Where Th is the half-cycle duration; a complete cycle is considered when the battery completes one discharge, charge, or charge-discharge cycle; QBOL is the maximum capacity of the battery at the beginning of its life (BOL) under nominal ambient temperature; the capacity of the battery at the end of its life (EOL) under nominal ambient temperature; RBOL is the internal resistance of the battery at the beginning of its life (BOL) under nominal ambient temperature; REOL is the internal resistance of the battery at the end of its life (EOL) under nominal ambient temperature; ε is the battery aging factor; this factor is 0 at the beginning of its life (BOL) and 1 at the end of its life (EOL).

[0035] The expression for the battery aging factor can be obtained.

[0036] Where DOD is the depth of battery discharge after half a cycle.

[0037] Battery management strategies include: Under the corresponding test conditions, the battery management strategy is tested based on the battery information data to confirm whether the battery management strategy is qualified and to obtain the corresponding battery management data; the battery management data is then marked and output.

[0038] In this embodiment, battery management data refers to BMS control strategy parameters, such as charge / discharge protection thresholds, SOC estimation algorithm coefficients, balancing strategy logic, and aging adaptation parameters. The identified battery information data is matched one by one with the control strategy thresholds and logic rules in the battery management data. For example, it checks whether the battery voltage is within the overvoltage and undervoltage thresholds set by the BMS, whether the current exceeds the charge / discharge overcurrent protection threshold, whether the SOC and SOH calculated by the BMS are consistent with the simulated actual SOC and SOH, and whether the deviation is within the error range. It also checks whether a BMS balancing command is triggered when cell voltage imbalance is detected. If the data is found to be consistent, the battery management data is marked as qualified and no adjustment is required. If there is a discrepancy, the battery management data is marked as unqualified and recorded for subsequent BMS optimization. This is to prevent unqualified BMS from being applied to real vehicles and causing safety risks. It should be noted that the method used to determine whether the battery management strategy is qualified is to statistically analyze the execution status of the battery management strategy in real time by collecting battery information data and vehicle data. The execution status includes whether the response is consistent with the predetermined battery management strategy or whether there are parameter optimizations and adjustments compared to the predetermined battery management strategy. The pass / fail status is determined based on the execution status.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 It also includes a testing system for automotive battery systems, comprising: Acquisition module A acquires vehicle data, wherein the vehicle data is acquired through a transmission interface; Simulation module B performs vehicle operation simulation based on vehicle data and obtains battery load data under different test conditions. Battery operation simulation is performed based on battery load data to obtain battery information data; The detection module C sends battery information data to the battery management unit to obtain the corresponding battery management strategy, detect the battery management strategy, and obtain the output battery management data.

[0040] In this embodiment, acquisition module A acquires vehicle data, and simulation module B receives the vehicle data sent by acquisition module A, establishes a vehicle operation simulation model, performs vehicle operation simulation based on test condition parameters, acquires the battery load data required for vehicle load operation, and identifies battery information data. Detection module C receives the battery management strategy sent by simulation module B and performs detection, confirming that the battery management strategy is qualified under the corresponding test conditions based on the battery information data, and obtains the corresponding battery management data.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 It also includes a testing device for an automotive battery system, the testing device being used to perform any of the test methods described above, the testing device being configured in a hardware-in-the-loop simulation test architecture, including: Interface unit 1 acquires vehicle data through a communication protocol and connects to battery management unit 2 via a CAN transmission line to obtain battery management strategies. Interface unit 1 connects battery simulation unit 3 and vehicle simulation unit 4. Vehicle simulation unit 4 sends battery load data obtained from vehicle operation simulation to battery simulation unit 3. Battery simulation unit 3 returns battery information data obtained from battery operation simulation to vehicle simulation unit 4.

[0042] Battery simulation unit 3 and vehicle simulation unit 4 are connected to host computer 5 to obtain parameter data sent by host computer 5 and update the parameter weights for simulation operation.

[0043] Battery simulation unit 3 integrates multiple cell model units, each of which is configured with a power supply circuit, an equalization circuit, and a thermal management circuit.

[0044] In this embodiment, interface unit 1 obtains vehicle data imported from the vehicle through a communication protocol, such as TCP / IP, and connects to battery management unit 2 via a CAN transmission line. Battery management unit 2 is an external BMS board. Interface unit 1 receives vehicle data and battery management strategies from the BMS and forwards them to battery simulation unit 3 and vehicle simulation unit 4. Battery simulation unit 3 integrates multiple cell model units. Each cell model unit is configured with an independent power supply circuit, equalization circuit, and thermal management circuit to restore the real battery architecture. Multiple cell model units are integrated to adapt to the multi-cell, high-capacity usage scenarios of new energy heavy trucks. The number of cell model units in battery simulation unit 3 is determined based on battery parameters such as battery capacity, battery architecture, and number of series and parallel connections in the vehicle design.

[0045] Vehicle simulation unit 4 establishes a vehicle operation simulation model based on the acquired vehicle data, generates battery load data, and sends it to battery simulation unit 3. Battery simulation unit 3 receives the battery load data from vehicle simulation unit 4, simulates the battery operating state through cell model units, and outputs battery information data such as voltage, current, SOC / SOH, and temperature to vehicle simulation unit 4. Host computer 5 is connected to battery simulation unit 3 and vehicle simulation unit 4 to provide an input interface, enabling manual calibration of parameters of single cell model units, such as voltage and temperature, setting extreme operating conditions such as high or low voltage of single cells, and verifying control strategies such as SOC correction and cell fault diagnosis. It sends parameter data to battery simulation unit 3 and vehicle simulation unit 4 and updates the parameter weights of the simulation operation. At the same time, it receives test data from battery simulation unit 3 and vehicle simulation unit 4 to realize test process monitoring, data recording, and fault reproduction.

[0046] Furthermore, by receiving the error data generated when importing the control strategy sent by the battery management unit 2 into the vehicle, the bench test problem is detected and reproduced, which is used to find control strategy problems, optimize the corresponding control strategy, and apply it to the real vehicle after passing the test, thereby reducing the real vehicle debugging cost.

[0047] It also includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for running the test method, wherein the computer program causes the computer to perform the following steps: S1. Obtain vehicle data, wherein the vehicle data is obtained through a transmission interface; S2. Simulate vehicle operation based on vehicle data to obtain battery load data under different test conditions; S3. Perform battery operation simulation based on battery load data to obtain battery information data; S4. Send battery information data to the battery management unit to obtain the corresponding battery management strategy, detect the battery management strategy, and obtain the output battery management data.

[0048] The computer-readable storage medium can be a computer storage medium or a communication medium. A communication medium includes any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A computer storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. For example, a computer-readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the computer-readable storage medium. Of course, the computer-readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the computer-readable storage medium can reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the ASIC can reside in a user equipment. Of course, the processor and the computer-readable storage medium can also exist as discrete components in a communication device.

[0049] Specifically, the computer-readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The storage medium can be any available medium accessible to general-purpose or special-purpose computers.

[0050] It also includes an electronic device, comprising: One or more processors; memory; and One or more programs, wherein the programs are stored in memory and configured to be executed by one or more processors, the programs being used to perform the following steps: S1. Obtain vehicle data, wherein the vehicle data is obtained through a transmission interface; S2. Simulate vehicle operation based on vehicle data to obtain battery load data under different test conditions; S3. Perform battery operation simulation based on battery load data to obtain battery information data; S4. Send battery information data to the battery management unit to obtain the corresponding battery management strategy, detect the battery management strategy, and obtain the output battery management data.

[0051] Memory is used to store computer programs. This memory may include high-speed random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (Non-volatile memory). Volatile Memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device, can also be a USB flash drive, external hard drive, read-only memory, disk or optical disc, etc.

[0052] A processor is used to execute computer programs stored in memory. The processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly manifested as execution by a hardware processor, or execution by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0053] Alternatively, the memory can be either standalone or integrated with the processor.

[0054] When memory is a device independent of the processor, electronic devices may also include a bus. This bus is used to connect the memory and the processor. This bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc.

[0055] It should be noted that, through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments. In this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test method for an automotive battery system, characterized in that, include: Acquire vehicle data, wherein the vehicle data is acquired through a transmission interface; Based on the vehicle data, vehicle operation simulation is performed to obtain battery load data under different test conditions. Battery operation simulation is performed based on the battery load data to obtain battery information data; The battery information data is sent to the battery management unit to obtain the corresponding battery management strategy, detect the battery management strategy, and obtain the output battery management data.

2. The test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of performing vehicle operation simulation based on the vehicle data to obtain battery load data under different test conditions includes: Obtain the parameters of the test condition; Establish a vehicle operation simulation model and perform vehicle operation simulation based on the vehicle data and parameters; When the vehicle operation simulation is performed, the battery load data required for the vehicle load operation corresponding to the vehicle data is obtained; The parameters are retrieved again, and battery load data corresponding to multiple different test conditions are obtained.

3. The test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test conditions include battery temperature conditions, charge / discharge conditions, and aging conditions.

4. The test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery information data includes the battery's voltage, current, state of charge, and health status.

5. The test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection of the battery management strategy includes: Under the corresponding test conditions, the battery management strategy is tested based on the battery information data to confirm whether the battery management strategy is qualified, and the corresponding battery management data is obtained. The battery management data is then labeled and output.

6. A testing system for an automotive battery system, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module acquires vehicle data, wherein the vehicle data is acquired through a transmission interface; The simulation module performs vehicle operation simulation based on the vehicle data to obtain battery load data under different test conditions; and performs battery operation simulation based on the battery load data to obtain battery information data. The detection module sends the battery information data to the battery management unit to obtain the corresponding battery management strategy, detects the battery management strategy, and obtains the output battery management data.

7. A testing device for an automotive battery system, characterized in that, The testing apparatus is used to perform the testing method according to any one of claims 1-5, and the testing apparatus is configured to perform a hardware-in-the-loop simulation testing architecture, including: The interface unit acquires vehicle data through a communication protocol and connects to the battery management unit via a CAN transmission line to obtain battery management strategies. The interface unit connects the battery simulation unit and the vehicle simulation unit. The vehicle simulation unit sends the battery load data obtained from the vehicle operation simulation to the battery simulation unit, and the battery simulation unit returns the battery information data obtained from the battery operation simulation to the vehicle simulation unit.

8. The testing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery simulation unit and the vehicle simulation unit are connected to the host computer to obtain parameter data sent by the host computer and update the parameter weights for simulation operation.

9. The testing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery simulation unit integrates multiple cell model units, and each of the cell model units is configured with a power supply circuit, an equalization circuit, and a thermal management circuit.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program for running a test method, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform the test method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

Images