Reaction device

Abstract

Provided is a reaction device capable of preventing a reaction vessel from being deformed due to thermal expansion or thermal contraction of the reaction vessel and causing the reaction vessel not to be normally operated. A reaction device (10A) includes: a cylindrical reaction vessel (100) including an intermediate portion (A3) between a supply portion and a transport portion; a temperature control unit configured to be capable of controlling a temperature of the intermediate portion; the supply part and the conveying part; the conveying mechanism is constructed to be capable of conveying the to-be-treated substance from one side, close to the supply part, of the reaction container to one side, close to the conveying part, of the reaction container through the middle part, and the conveying mechanism is used for conveying the to-be-treated substance from the side, close to the supply part, of the reaction container to the side, close to the conveying part, of the reaction container; the temperature control unit controls a temperature increase rate or a temperature decrease rate of the intermediate portion such that an actual displacement rate of a specific portion (E) of the reaction vessel follows a desired displacement rate of the specific portion of the reaction vessel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a reaction apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] There exists a reaction apparatus for producing desired products by providing a specific atmosphere to a powdery or granular material to be treated. For example, a reaction apparatus commonly called a rotary kiln heats a hollow reaction vessel rotating about a central axis. The desired product is produced by causing the material to roll through this reaction vessel. Another example is a reaction apparatus called a roller hearth kiln, which produces desired products by passing the material to be treated and the workpiece through a tunnel-type reaction vessel. Various other reaction apparatuses have been developed.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses the following reaction apparatus. This apparatus includes a screw feeder body serving as a pressurized reaction vessel, a catalyst supply section for introducing a catalyst into the screw feeder body, and a low-hydrogen supply section for introducing low-grade hydrocarbons into the screw feeder body. The apparatus also includes a screw for conveying the generated nano-carbon, a solid discharge unit for discharging the catalyst and nano-carbon conveyed by the screw, and a gas discharge unit for discharging the generated hydrogen to the outside of the feeder body.

[0004] References Patent documents [Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2006-290682 Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical issues However, in the above-mentioned reaction apparatus, if the temperature of the reaction vessel is changed, the reaction vessel, conveying mechanism, etc. will deform due to thermal expansion or contraction, which will hinder the normal operation of the reaction apparatus.

[0006] Other issues in the related art and the novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description in the specification and the accompanying drawings.

[0007] Solution to the problem A reaction apparatus according to one embodiment includes: a cylindrical reaction vessel including an intermediate portion between a supply section and a conveying section; a temperature control unit configured to control the temperature of the intermediate portion; the supply section and the conveying section, the supply section being configured to supply a substance to be processed to the reaction vessel, and the conveying section being configured to convey a product from the reaction vessel; and a conveying mechanism configured to convey the substance to be processed from a side of the reaction vessel near the supply section to a side of the reaction vessel near the conveying section via the intermediate portion, wherein the temperature control unit controls the heating or cooling rate of the intermediate portion such that the actual displacement rate of a particular portion of the reaction vessel follows the desired displacement rate of the particular portion of the reaction vessel until the temperature of the intermediate portion reaches a target temperature.

[0008] Beneficial effects of the invention According to this disclosure, a reaction apparatus can be provided that can prevent the reaction vessel, conveying mechanism, etc., from malfunctioning due to deformation caused by thermal expansion or contraction. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a side view of the reaction apparatus according to the first embodiment.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the reaction apparatus according to the first embodiment.

[0011] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the process performed by the reaction apparatus.

[0012] Figure 4 This is a side view of the reaction apparatus according to the second embodiment.

[0013] Figure 5A The figure shows a specific example 1, in which the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is able to extend along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The state of directional movement is supported.

[0014] Figure 5B The figure shows a specific example 2, in which the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is able to extend along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The state of directional movement is supported.

[0015] Figure 5C The figure shows a specific example 3, in which the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is able to extend along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The state of directional movement is supported.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a construction example in which the reaction vessel 100 is supported in a rotatable manner.

[0017] Figure 7 From Figure 5A The arrow AR2 in the image points in the view.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of Specific Example 4. In Specific Example 4, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can not only move along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100, but also... 100 Directional movement is also possible around the rotation axis AX. V The state of rotation (on the vertical axis) is supported.

[0019] Figure 9 An example of a biaxial reaction vessel 100A is shown.

[0020] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of Specific Example 5. In Specific Example 5, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can not only move along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100, but also... 100 Directional movement is also possible around the rotation axis AX. V (Vertical axis) Rotates and can be along the minor axis (refer to) Figure 10 The arrow AR6 in the middle is supported in its moving state.

[0021] Figure 11A This is a diagram showing the state of the reaction vessel 100 being twisted.

[0022] Figure 11B This is a diagram showing the reaction vessel 100 tilted.

[0023] Figure 11C This is a diagram showing the state in which the torsion of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled.

[0024] Figure 11D This is a diagram showing the state in which the tilt of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled.

[0025] Figure 12 This is a 3D view of temperature control zone 110.

[0026] Figure 13 This is a block diagram showing the electrical connection between heating units H1-H4 and temperature control unit 202.

[0027] Figure 14A An example of a variant mode of the reaction vessel 100 is shown.

[0028] Figure 14B Another variant of the reaction vessel 100 is shown as an example.

[0029] Figure 15 This diagram is used to illustrate the first problem (the problem of controlling the temperature of reaction vessel 100 (heating control or cooling control)).

[0030] Figure 16A An example of gradual cooling (gradual temperature reduction) is shown.

[0031] Figure 16B An example of gradual heating (gradual temperature increase) is shown.

[0032] Figure 17 This is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature change C1 and the actual temperature change C2 of the reaction vessel 100 in the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to rise to the target temperature at a certain heating rate (heating control).

[0033] Figure 18 An example flowchart is shown for a heating process used to perform a gradual heating in the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2.

[0034] Figure 19 This is a schematic structural diagram of the reaction apparatus 10A in the first embodiment.

[0035] Figure 20 This is a block diagram of the reaction apparatus 10A according to the first embodiment.

[0036] Figure 21 It is a graph showing the relationship between the expected displacement velocity C3 at point E and the actual displacement velocity C4 at point E when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to decrease (cooling control).

[0037] Figure 22 This is a flowchart of an example of the operation of reaction apparatus 10A.

[0038] Figure 23 This is a flowchart of the cooling rate control process.

[0039] Figure 24 This is a flowchart of operation example 2 of reaction apparatus 10A.

[0040] Figure 25 It is a graph showing the relationship between the expected displacement velocity V1 and the actual displacement velocity V2 at point E when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to rise (heating control).

[0041] Figure 26 This is a flowchart of the heating rate control process.

[0042] Figure 27 This is a block diagram of the reaction apparatus 10B according to the second embodiment.

[0043] Figure 28 This is the flowchart for Emergency Response Example 1.

[0044] Figure 29 This is the flowchart for Emergency Response Example 2.

[0045] Figure 30 This is the flowchart for Emergency Operation Example 3.

[0046] Figure 31 This is a block diagram of the reaction apparatus 10C according to the third embodiment.

[0047] Figure 32 An example of a temperature control table stored in storage unit 207 is shown.

[0048] Figure 33 This is a flowchart of an example of the operation of reaction apparatus 10C.

[0049] Figure 34 This is a flowchart of Operation Example 2 of Reactor 10C. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will now be described through embodiments thereof. However, the invention, as claimed, is not limited to the following embodiments. Not all components described in the embodiments are necessary as a means of solving the problem. For clarity, the following descriptions and drawings have been appropriately omitted or simplified. In the corresponding drawings, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements, and repetitive descriptions have been appropriately omitted.

[0051] <Reference Example 1> Reference Figure 1 The main components of the reaction apparatus according to Reference Example 1 will be described. Figure 1 This is a side view of the reaction apparatus 10 based on Reference Example 1. For ease of understanding, Figure 1 The reaction apparatus 10 is shown partially cut off.

[0052] The reaction apparatus 10 is, for example, an apparatus that produces a product by applying predetermined physical stimuli or other conditions to a powdered or granular substance to be processed. The reaction apparatus 10 includes a cylindrical reaction vessel 100 (reactor), a supply section (supply port 101) for supplying the substance to be processed R10 to the reaction vessel 100, a conveying section (conveyor port 102) for conveying the product from the reaction vessel 100, a conveying mechanism 120 (e.g., a screw) for conveying the substance to be processed R10 supplied to the reaction vessel 100 from the supply section to the conveying section, a fluid supply section (first fluid inlet 131, first fluid outlet 132, first valve 134, etc.) for supplying fluid in contact with the conveyed substance to the inside of the reaction vessel 100, and a long axis AX for the reaction vessel 100. 100 Temperature control units (temperature control zone 110, etc.) that control the temperature of reaction vessel 100 in different regions of the direction.

[0053] Physical stimuli are not particularly limited, as long as they are means used in the process of transforming the substance to be treated into the product. Examples of physical stimuli include temperature changes, such as heating and cooling. Examples of physical stimuli include stress transfer, such as stirring, mixing, kneading, and grinding. Physical stimuli are, for example, reactions that accept electrons or free radicals.

[0054] In the reaction apparatus 10, the substance to be processed R10, supplied to the reaction vessel 100, is heated while being conveyed to the conveying port of the reaction vessel 100 by the conveying mechanism 120, and a prescribed fluid in contact with the conveyed substance to be processed R10 is supplied to the inside of the reaction vessel 100, thereby continuously processing the substance to be processed R10 (the substance to be processed) at a prescribed temperature. The substance to be processed can be a solid, a fluid, or a mixture thereof. In order to enable the substance to be processed to be stirred while being conveyed, for example, the reaction vessel 100 itself can be rotated, or a conveying mechanism 120 with a rotatable structure can be provided inside the reaction vessel 100.

[0055] The type or state of the substance to be treated and the product is not particularly limited, but the substance to be treated and the product can be inorganic substances containing lithium as a component, such as metal oxides or metal sulfides, or organic substances such as hydrocarbons or food. The substance to be treated can be a solid, such as a powder, or a fluid, such as a liquid or a gas.

[0056] In the process of conversion into products, the substance to be treated can be converted into products via intermediate substances. The form or state of the intermediate substances is not particularly limited. In the case of two or more stepwise reactions, the intermediate substances can be, for example, products from each reaction. In this case, the intermediate substances are, for example, an anhydride compound generated by heating a hydrated compound. Alternatively, the intermediate substances can be monosaccharides produced by the hydrolysis of polysaccharides. The intermediate substances can be calcined bodies in which at least a portion of the substance to be treated has grown grains or been calcined. The intermediate substances can be in a state where at least a portion of the substance to be treated is liquefied or vaporized. The intermediate substances can also be in a state where, although the appearance remains unchanged, the temperature, hardness, etc., of the substance to be treated has changed. The intermediate substances can be in forms or states different from those described above.

[0057] The type or state of the products is not particularly limited, and the products can be solids, such as powders, or fluids, such as liquids or gases. Alternatively, the products can be mixtures containing materials different from the substance being treated, such as catalysts or transport aids. The products can contain two or more compounds, such as mixtures including main products and byproducts.

[0058] While the shape and size of the substance to be treated and the product are not particularly limited, when both the substance to be treated and the product are granular materials, their particle size is preferably 50 mm or less, more preferably 0.005-20 mm. When the substance to be treated and the product are blocky, the ratio of their diagonal lengths (aspect ratio) is preferably 1-10, more preferably 1.3-1.8.

[0059] The reaction apparatus 10 includes, as its main components, a reaction vessel 100, a temperature control zone 110, a conveying mechanism 120, a first fluid control zone 130, and a second fluid control zone 140.

[0060] For example, the reaction vessel 100 has a cylindrical shape and includes a supply port 101 for receiving the substance to be processed and a delivery port 102 for conveying the product. The supply port 101 is an example of the supply section of this disclosure. Note that the shape and construction of the reaction vessel 100 are not particularly limited. The cross-sectional shape of the reaction vessel 100 can be, for example, circular or elliptical, quadrilateral, or other polygonal or other shapes. For example, the reaction vessel 100 can be formed from a single component or by connecting two or more components. When connecting two or more components to each other, fastening means such as bolts can be used, for example, at the points where these components are connected.

[0061] The reaction vessel 100 includes an intermediate section A3 between the supply port 101 and the delivery port 102. The number of supply ports 101, the number of delivery ports 102, and the number and arrangement of the intermediate section A3 are not particularly limited. For example, more than two supply ports 101 and more than two delivery ports 102 may be provided at each end of the intermediate section A3.

[0062] The supply port 101 may also be located in the middle of the reaction vessel 100, and include a middle portion A3 and a conveying port 102 at each end of the supply port 101. In this case, the substance to be processed R10 may be supplied to the middle of the reaction vessel 100, and the product R11 may be conveyed from each of one end and the other end of the reaction vessel 100. Alternatively, in this case, as the conveying mechanism 120, a screw may be used, for example, with the orientation of the helical protrusion in the screw (the orientation of the helix) reversed, for example, before and after the supply port 101 (with the supply port 101 as the boundary). Thus, the substance to be processed R10 may be conveyed branch by branch to one end and the other end of the reaction vessel 100 with the supply port 101 as the boundary. Furthermore, when the conveying port 102 is located in the middle of the reaction vessel 100, and the two ends of the conveying port 102 are respectively provided with a middle portion A3 and a supply port 101, for example, a screw can be used as a conveying mechanism 120, such that the orientation of the helical protrusion in the screw (the orientation of the helix) is opposite, for example, before and after the conveying port 102 (with the conveying port 102 as the boundary). This allows the product R11 to be conveyed in a manner that recovers the product R11 from one end and the other end of the reaction vessel 100 with the conveying port 102 as the boundary. In this way, an apparatus that conveys the material to be processed R10, the product R11, etc., in a branched or aggregated manner is preferred, for example, when multiple reaction vessels 10 are connected to each other in parallel.

[0063] The reaction vessel 100 is formed of a material that allows for temperature changes during the production of products in the furnace and allows contact with the substance (substance to be processed, etc.) supplied to the furnace or the generated substance (product, etc.). For example, the reaction vessel 100 and the conveying mechanism 120 may be formed of an alloy, ceramic, carbon, or a composite material containing two or more of the above materials. An alloy is a metallic material whose composition contains at least one of the alloying elements such as nickel, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, tantalum, titanium, iron, copper, aluminum, silicon, boron, and carbon. In addition to ceramic materials, ceramics may also contain oxides such as alumina or zirconium oxide, carbides such as silicon carbide or titanium carbide, nitrides such as silicon nitride or titanium nitride, nitrides such as chromium boride, or glass materials having an amorphous structure in at least a portion. Carbon is a carbon material, such as crystalline graphite or fiber-reinforced graphite.

[0064] Figure 1 The reaction apparatus 10 shown is oriented horizontally, in Figure 1 The upper left end has a supply port 101, in Figure 1 The lower right end has a conveying port 102. Figure 1 The reaction vessel 100 shown receives the substance to be processed R10 from the supply port 101. The reaction apparatus 10, via a conveying mechanism 120 provided in the reaction vessel 100, transports the substance to be processed R10 received by the reaction vessel 100 from the supply port 101 (A1) of the reaction vessel 100 through the intermediate section A3 to the conveying port 102 (A2) of the reaction vessel 100. The reaction apparatus 10 produces product R11 from the substance to be processed R10 by passing it through the intermediate section A3 of the reaction vessel 100. The reaction vessel 100 then conveys the generated product R11 from the conveying port 102.

[0065] Temperature control zone 110 includes a temperature control device, i.e., a heating device or a cooling device, and controls the temperature of the reaction vessel at a predetermined location in the intermediate portion A3 between the supply port 101 and the delivery port 102. Temperature control zone 110, etc., is an example of a temperature control unit of this disclosure. Figure 1 The temperature control zone 110 shown includes a heating device located at the intermediate portion A3 of the reaction vessel 100, which surrounds the cylindrical reaction vessel 100. Examples of the heating device include any temperature-controllable heater, such as a sheath heater, a coil heater, or a ceramic heater. The heating device heats, for example, in a range from ambient temperature to approximately 1000 degrees Celsius. The temperature control zone 110 may be configured such that the intermediate portion A3 of the reaction vessel 100 is surrounded in a segmented manner by using multiple heating devices. Thus, for example, different temperatures can be set for the upper, lower, left, and right portions around the reaction vessel 100. Furthermore, the temperature of the intermediate portion A3 can be further controlled for each of the different regions in the short axis direction of the reaction vessel 100. The temperature control zone 110 can also set different temperatures for each region of the intermediate portion A3 of the reaction vessel 100 along the axis AX120 of the conveying mechanism 120. Temperature control zone 110 can, for example, control the temperature change applied to the substance R10 to be treated in the first fluid control zone 130 and the second fluid control zone 140, as described below.

[0066] The temperature control zone 110 may also include a control device for controlling the heating or cooling device. The temperature control zone 110 may, for example, include a thermometer for monitoring temperature at a predetermined location within the reaction vessel 100. Where the heating device operates on the principle of heating via, for example, current flow, the reaction vessel 100 can control its temperature by monitoring the current value.

[0067] The temperature control zone 110 may have a structure that achieves heating or cooling by circulating water, oil, etc. The temperature control zone 110 may also have a structure that achieves cooling by using a Peltier element, etc. With the above structure, the temperature control zone 110 can be positioned along the axis AX of the conveying mechanism 120. 120 Various temperature distributions are set within the reaction vessel 100.

[0068] As described above, the temperature control zone 110 can be targeted at the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 Each of the different regions of the reaction vessel 100 in the direction of the reaction vessel 100 is used to control the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (e.g., the middle section A3).

[0069] For example, the conveying mechanism 120 extends from one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100 to the other end A2, and thus conveys the material to be processed R10 supplied from the supply port 101 toward the conveying port 102. The shape and conveying method of the conveying mechanism 120 according to this disclosure are not limited, as long as the conveying mechanism 120 can convey raw materials, products, etc. The conveying mechanism 120 may be a screw installed in the reaction vessel 100 extending from one end to the other. The conveying mechanism 120 may be a drum installed in the reaction vessel 100 extending from one end to the other. The conveying mechanism 120 may be a belt conveyor installed in the reaction vessel 100 extending from one end to the other. The conveying mechanism 120 may also be an air supply device installed in the reaction vessel 100. The conveying mechanism 120 may also be a vibration generating device installed in the reaction vessel 100. The conveying mechanism 120 may also be other devices different from the above-described devices.

[0070] The size of the conveying mechanism 120 is not particularly limited, and for example, it can be shorter than the overall length of the reaction vessel 100. The material used to form the conveying mechanism 120 is not particularly limited, but similar to the reaction vessel 100, it is desirable to form the conveying mechanism 120 from a material that allows for temperature changes that occur during product manufacturing and allows contact with the substance supplied to the vessel (substance to be processed, etc.) or the substance being manufactured (product, etc.). The conveying mechanism can, for example, be formed from alloys, ceramics, carbon, or composite materials containing two or more of the aforementioned materials.

[0071] Figure 1 The conveying mechanism 120 shown is, for example, a screw, with a spiral protrusion 121 formed around the main shaft extending along the long axis of the reaction vessel 100. By rotating the protrusion 121 and contacting the substance R10 to be processed, the conveying mechanism 120 conveys the substance R10 to be processed from the supply port side to the conveying port side.

[0072] Figure 1 The shape of the protrusion 121 shown is only one example, and the shape of the protrusion 121 is not limited to this shape. The protrusion 121 can have different shapes for each region in the reaction vessel 100. More specifically, for example, the pitch of the helix of the protrusion 121 can also vary. The helix shape of the protrusion 121 is not necessarily a single helix; it can also be a double helix or more helices. The protrusion 121 may include portions that do not have a helical shape. Furthermore, the protrusion 121 can be positioned at a 90-degree angle relative to the long axis of the screw along its apex. The protrusion 121 can also extend at a 0-degree angle relative to the long axis of the screw. Therefore, the reaction apparatus 10 can set the movement speed, movement timing, etc. of objects present in the reaction vessel 100 for each region. More specifically, for example, the reaction apparatus 10 can transport, stir, mix, hold, knead, or grind objects within the reaction vessel 100.

[0073] The conveying mechanism 120 is pivotally supported at both ends of the reaction vessel 100 (one end A1, the other end A2). Additionally, Figure 1 The conveying mechanism 120 illustrated is a screw and is connected (coupled) to the drive device 150 at one end B1 of the reaction vessel 100. The drive device 150 is an example of a drive device for the conveying mechanism 120 according to this disclosure. The drive device 150 includes a motor 151 disposed at one end of the reaction vessel 100 and a reducer 152 disposed between the motor 151 and one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100. The reducer 152 includes an input shaft connected to the rotational shaft of the motor 151 and an output shaft connected to one end B1 of the conveying mechanism 120. The reducer 152 causes the conveying mechanism 120 to rotate by reducing the rotation of the rotational shaft of the motor 151 and transmitting it to the conveying mechanism 120. Alternatively, the drive device 150 may be configured to change the rotational speed of the conveying mechanism 120. In this case, the drive device 150 may be a motor with a variable rotational speed or a device combining a motor with a constant rotational speed and a reducer with a variable gear ratio.

[0074] The first fluid control region 130 includes a first fluid inlet 131 and a first fluid outlet 132 for allowing first fluid to pass through a predetermined area in the intermediate portion A3 of the reaction vessel 100. The first fluid control region 130 is disposed in the reaction vessel 100 between the supply port 101 and the second fluid control region 140. The first fluid inlet 131 is connected to a first fluid supply pipe 133 and supplies the first fluid from the first fluid supply pipe 133 to the reaction vessel 100. The first fluid supply pipe 133 includes a first valve 134 for regulating the flow rate of the first fluid. Alternatively, the first fluid supply pipe 133 can also intermittently supply the first fluid to the reaction vessel 100 by opening or closing the first valve 134. The first fluid outlet 132, connected to a first fluid discharge pipe 135, is an orifice for discharging fluid from the first fluid control region 130 to the outside of the reaction vessel 100. The first fluid discharge pipe 135 may include a valve or discharge mechanism for regulating the flow rate or velocity of the fluid discharged through the reaction vessel 100. The discharge mechanism is, for example, a suction mechanism, such as a pump or an ejector utilizing the Venturi effect. In another example, multiple first fluid inlets 131 and multiple first fluid outlets 132 may be provided. The positions of the first fluid inlets 131 and first fluid outlets 132 within the first fluid control region 130 are not particularly limited, and they may be located at the top, bottom, or side of the reaction vessel 100. The first fluid inlets 131 may be located at the bottom of the reaction vessel 100, and the first fluid outlets 132 may be located at the top of the reaction vessel 100, thereby generating an airflow in a predetermined direction within the reaction vessel. With this configuration, the first fluid can easily come into contact with the substance to be treated, thereby enabling the reaction of the substance to be treated to proceed appropriately. The inner diameter of the first fluid inlet 131 may be smaller than the inner diameter of the first fluid supply pipe 133, such that the first fluid is evaporated when it is supplied to the reaction vessel 100. With this configuration, the temperature of the atmosphere surrounding the substance to be treated can be regulated using the heat of vaporization, thus enabling appropriate control of the reaction of the substance to be treated.

[0075] With the above configuration, the reaction apparatus 10 transforms the substance to be processed R10 into an intermediate substance by contacting it with a first fluid in the first fluid control region 130. Furthermore, the reaction apparatus 10 discharges the fluid after contact with the substance to be processed R10 to the outside of the first fluid control region 130. Additionally, in the reaction apparatus 10, the substance to be processed R10 or the intermediate substance is transported by rotating the conveying mechanism 120, thus further contacting it with the first fluid, thereby promoting the reaction induced by the first fluid. The form and composition of the first fluid are not limited, as long as the first fluid is fluid. The first fluid can be a gas or a liquid. The first fluid can be a dispersion formed by dispersing a solid in a liquid. Furthermore, by supplying the first fluid to the reaction apparatus 10, the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 and the temperature of the conveying mechanism 120 can be locally controlled. Therefore, the reaction apparatus 10 can efficiently control the temperature of the substance to be processed R10 and efficiently transform the substance to be processed R10 into an intermediate substance. Mechanisms for adjusting the temperature and pressure of the first fluid can be provided before supplying the first fluid to the reaction vessel 100.

[0076] The second fluid control region 140 includes a second fluid inlet 141 and a second fluid outlet 142 for allowing a second fluid to pass through a region in the intermediate portion A3 that is different from the first fluid control region 130. That is, the second fluid control region 140 may have a configuration equivalent to that of the first fluid control region 130 in a region different from the first fluid control region 130.

[0077] A second fluid control zone 140 is disposed in the reaction vessel 100 between the first fluid control zone 130 and the delivery port 102. A second fluid inlet 141 is connected to a second fluid supply pipe 143 and supplies the second fluid supplied from the second fluid supply pipe 143 to the reaction vessel 100. The second fluid supply pipe 143 includes a second valve 144 for regulating the flow rate of the second fluid. Alternatively, the second fluid supply pipe 143 can also supply the second fluid to the reaction vessel 100 while controlling the timing of the supply of the second fluid to the reaction vessel 100 by opening or closing the second valve 144 so that it is supplied at intermittent time intervals. A second fluid outlet 142, connected to a second fluid discharge pipe 145, is an orifice for discharging fluid from the second fluid control zone 140 to the outside of the reaction vessel 100. The second fluid discharge pipe 145 may include a valve or discharge mechanism for regulating the flow rate or velocity of the fluid discharged through the reaction vessel 100. The discharge mechanism is, for example, a suction mechanism, such as a pump or ejector. The first fluid inlet 131, the first fluid outlet 132, and the first valve 134 are examples of the fluid supply section of this disclosure.

[0078] With the above configuration, the reaction apparatus 10 brings the intermediate substance, after passing through the first fluid control region 130, into contact with a second fluid in the second fluid control region 140, thereby producing product R11. Furthermore, the reaction apparatus 10 discharges the fluid after contact with the intermediate substance to the outside of the second fluid control region 140. The form and composition of the second fluid are not limited, as long as the second fluid is fluid. The second fluid can be a gas or a liquid. The second fluid can be a dispersion formed by dispersing a solid in a liquid. By supplying the second fluid to the reaction apparatus 10, the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 and the temperature of the conveying mechanism 120 can be locally controlled. Therefore, the reaction apparatus 10 can efficiently control the temperature of the intermediate substance and efficiently convert the intermediate substance into product R11.

[0079] Although the construction of the reaction apparatus 10 has been described above, the reaction apparatus 10 according to Reference Example 1 is not limited to the above construction. For example, the number of conveying mechanisms 120 can be any number of one or more, or two or more. That is, the reaction apparatus 10 can have multiple conveying mechanisms 120 arranged in parallel.

[0080] The cross-sectional shape of the reaction vessel 100 in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the conveying mechanism 120 can be a shape having a combination defined by a Reuleaux constant-width figure. In this case, the conveying mechanism 120 is preferably a screw, and the cross-sectional shape of the screw's protrusion 121 can be a shape obtained by combining multiple arcs corresponding to the Reuleaux constant-width figure. For example, if the internal cross-sectional shape of the reaction vessel 100 is circular, the cross-sectional shape of the screw can be a Reuleaux constant-width figure composed of three arcs.

[0081] The reaction vessel 100 is not limited to a horizontally parallel orientation; it can also have a predetermined angle relative to a horizontal plane, and the reaction vessel 100 can have an inclined surface. Although the reaction apparatus 10 includes a first fluid control region 130 and a second fluid control region 140 in the intermediate portion A3, the reaction apparatus 10 can also have a configuration for allowing another fluid to pass through. In other words, the reaction apparatus 10 can have three or more fluid control regions. Alternatively, the reaction apparatus 10 can also include only the first fluid control region 130 in the intermediate portion A3. The above-described reaction apparatus 10 is controlled by a control device, which will be described below.

[0082] Next, refer to Figure 2 The function of the reaction apparatus 10 will be explained. Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the reaction apparatus 10 based on Reference Example 1. The reaction apparatus 10, besides... Figure 1In addition to the components shown, it also includes a control device 200, a temperature control device 210, a first fluid control device 230, a second fluid control device 240, and an information input / output device 250 (information input / output unit 250).

[0083] The control device 200 is a circuit board including a processing unit such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microcontroller unit (MCU). The control device 200 is communicatively connected to each of the temperature control device 210, the first fluid control device 230, the second fluid control device 240, and the information input / output unit 250, and controls their components. The control device 200 implements its functions through hardware and software mounted on the circuit board.

[0084] The control device 200, as its main functional components, includes an overall control unit 201, a temperature control unit 202, a delivery control unit 203, a first fluid control unit 204, a second fluid control unit 205, an IF control unit 206, and a storage unit 207. These functional components of the control device 200 can be integrated into a single unit or are separate components. These functional components of the control device 200 can be implemented through the coordinated operation of multiple individual devices.

[0085] The overall control unit 201 is connected to the various functional components of the control device 200 and controls the overall operation of these functions. For example, the overall control unit 201 can also perform operations such as issuing operation instructions to the conveying control unit 203 based on the temperature status supplied from the temperature control unit 202.

[0086] Temperature control unit 202 is connected to temperature control device 210 and controls the temperature of reaction vessel 100 in temperature control zone 110. Temperature control unit 202 includes at least one of a heating device or a cooling device. Temperature control unit 202 may also include one or more thermometers for controlling the temperature.

[0087] The transport control unit 203 is connected to the drive unit 150 and controls the operation of the drive unit 150. The transport control unit 203 may include, for example, a motor drive circuit for driving a motor (motor 151) included in the drive unit 150. The transport control unit 203 may also include a rotation sensor for monitoring the rotational speed of the motor (motor 151).

[0088] A first fluid control unit 204 controls the flow of a first fluid in a first fluid control region 130. More specifically, the first fluid control unit 204 is connected to a first fluid control device 230 and controls the operation of the first fluid control device 230. The first fluid control device 230 includes a first valve 134 for pressurizing (pressure delivery) of the first fluid. A second fluid control unit 205 controls the flow of a second fluid in a second fluid control region 140. More specifically, the second fluid control unit 205 is connected to a second fluid control device 240 and controls the operation of the second fluid control device 240. The second fluid control device 240 includes a second valve 144 for pressurizing the second fluid.

[0089] The IF control unit 206 (IF = interface) is connected to the information input / output unit 250 and serves as the interface for exchanging information with the user through the information input / output unit 250. That is, the IF control unit 206 receives operations performed by the user via the information input / output unit 250 and appropriately provides information related to the received operations to the various components of the control device 200. Furthermore, the IF control unit 206 controls the state of the display unit included in the information input / output unit 250.

[0090] Storage unit 207 is a storage device that includes non-volatile memory, such as flash memory or a solid-state drive (SSD). Storage unit 207 stores a program that allows the response device 10 to perform the functions described in this disclosure. Storage unit 207 also includes volatile memory and temporarily stores predetermined information when the control device 200 is operated. Information input / output unit 250 includes, for example, buttons, switches, touch panels, etc., for receiving operations performed by the user. Information input / output unit 250 also includes a display device for providing prompts to the user.

[0091] The functional blocks of the reaction apparatus 10 have been described above. With the above structure, the reaction apparatus 10 conveys the received substance R10 to be processed through the conveying mechanism 120, controls the temperature of the reaction vessel 100, and controls the atmosphere in the first fluid control zone 130 and the second fluid control zone 140.

[0092] Next, refer to Figure 3 The method for producing product R11 by the reaction apparatus 10 (product manufacturing method) will be described. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the process performed by the reaction device 10. Figure 3 The flowchart shown in the figure begins, for example, by supplying the substance to be processed, R10, to the reaction apparatus 10.

[0093] First, the reaction apparatus 10 receives the specified substance R10 to be processed from the supply port 101 (step S11).

[0094] Next, the control device 200 of the reaction apparatus 10 controls the temperature by driving the heating or cooling device in the temperature control zone 110 of the reaction vessel 100 via the temperature control unit 202 (step S12).

[0095] Next, the control device 200 of the reaction apparatus 10 drives the drive device 150 via the conveying control unit 203. Therefore, the drive device 150 drives the conveying mechanism 120. Then, the conveying mechanism 120 conveys the received material to be processed R10 toward the conveying port 102 (step S13).

[0096] Next, the control device 200 of the reaction apparatus 10 controls the flow of the first fluid through the first fluid control zone 130 (first atmosphere control zone) via the first fluid control unit 204 (step S14).

[0097] Next, the control device 200 of the reaction apparatus 10 controls the flow of the second fluid through the second fluid control zone 140 (second atmosphere control zone) via the second fluid control unit 205 (step S15).

[0098] Next, the reaction apparatus 10 discharges the product R11, which has passed through the second fluid control zone 140, from the delivery port 102 (step S16).

[0099] The reaction method (product manufacturing method) performed by the reaction apparatus 10 has been described above. The method is illustrated by following a flow path in which the reaction apparatus 10 produces product R11 from the substance to be processed R10 and discharges the produced product R11. However, the reaction apparatus 10 may, for example, perform temperature control in step S12 before step S11. Furthermore, for example, the reaction apparatus 10 may simultaneously start steps S14 and S15.

[0100] The above description refers to Reference Example 1. Although the reaction apparatus 10 described above includes two fluid control regions (first fluid control region 130 and second fluid control region 140), the reaction apparatus 10 may also have one or more fluid control regions. The reaction apparatus 10 may also be located along the axis AX of the conveying mechanism 120. 120 The direction (long axis direction) includes multiple temperature control zones 110. The aforementioned reaction apparatus 10 contacts multiple fluids in the intermediate section A3 with the substance to be processed R10 received from the supply port 101. The reaction apparatus 10 also includes the intermediate section A3 along the axis AX of the conveying mechanism 120. 120The temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled by the direction (long axis direction). The reaction apparatus 10 can also transport objects and provide physical stimulation inside the reaction vessel 100. The reaction apparatus 10 can simultaneously and with high precision perform the above-mentioned atmosphere control, temperature control, and physical control. Therefore, according to Reference Example 1, a reaction apparatus for efficiently producing desired products can be provided.

[0101] <Reference Example 2> Next, as a reference example 2, refer to Figure 4 An example of the construction of the supporting reaction vessel 100 and the supporting conveying mechanism 120 will be described. This example can be applied to the above-mentioned Reference Example 2. Figure 4 This is a side view of the reaction apparatus based on Reference Example 2. Figure 4 Corresponding to the pair in Figure 1 The figure shown includes an additional first support portion 103 and a second support portion 104. Other constructions are similar to... Figure 1 The structures are similar. Below, we will mainly describe the differences between Reference Example 1 and Reference Example 2.

[0102] <Example of a construction for supporting reaction vessel 100> like Figure 4 As shown, the reaction device 10, as a component supporting the reaction vessel 100, includes a first support portion 103 and a second support portion 104. Figure 4 The reaction vessel 100 shown is a cylindrical reaction vessel (furnace) including an intermediate portion A3 located between one end A1 and the other end A2, which is supported by a first support portion 103 and a second support portion 104 provided on a floor surface 170. The floor surface 170 may be the floor surface of the building on which the reaction device 10 is installed, or it may be part of a surface that forms the structure of the reaction device 10, such as the upper surface of a mounting base.

[0103] A first support portion 103 is disposed on the floor surface 170 below one end side A1 of the reaction vessel 100, supporting one end side A1 of the reaction vessel 100 from below. Specifically, the first support portion 103 is positioned such that one end side A1 of the reaction vessel 100 cannot be supported along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The reaction vessel 100 is supported at one end A1 in a state of directional movement. This is achieved, for example, by directly fixing one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100 supported by the first support 103 to the first support 103 using a bolt or welding method. Alternatively, instead of a direct fixing mechanism, it can be achieved, for example, by having other components such as plates or wires fixed to the mounting base come into contact with one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100 supported by the first support 103, thereby indirectly fixing one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100 to the first support 103.

[0104] On the other hand, the second support portion 104 is disposed on the floor surface 170 located below the other end side A2 of the reaction vessel 100, supporting the other end side A2 of the reaction vessel 100 from below. Specifically, the second support portion 104 is oriented so that the other end side A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can be supported along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The state of movement in the direction of the support of the reaction vessel 100 is supported at the other end A2. This is achieved, for example, through specific examples 1-3 described below.

[0105] The other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is supported so that it can be supported along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The technical significance of the directional movement state is as follows.

[0106] That is, as described in Reference Example 1 above, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled by the temperature control device 210 or the like (for example, when the reaction vessel 100 is heated from the ambient temperature to approximately 900 degrees), the reaction vessel 100 along its long axis AX 100 directional thermal expansion (e.g., along the long axis AX) 100 The directional thermal expansion is approximately 10 to 20 mm. At this time, if the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 cannot expand along the long axis AX... 100 If the reaction vessel 100 moves in the direction of AX, then as it moves along its long axis... 100 Thermal expansion in the direction of the force exerted on the drive unit 150 may cause damage to the drive unit 150. For example, the rotating shaft of one or more gears forming the drive unit 150 (e.g., a reducer) may deform, thus preventing the drive unit 150 (e.g., the reducer) from operating properly. Alternatively, it may cause significant deformation of the conveying mechanism 120, thereby hindering the normal conveying function of the conveying mechanism 120.

[0107] To prevent the reaction vessel 100 from being along its long axis AX 100 In cases where directional thermal expansion causes force to act on the drive unit 150, resulting in damage to the drive unit 150, the second support portion 104 can extend along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100 from the other end side A2. 100 The state of moving in the direction of the support reaction vessel 100 is supported at the other end A2.

[0108] Next, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is positioned such that it can move along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The specific example of the state of directional movement being supported will be explained.

[0109] <Concrete example 1> Figure 5AThe figure shows a specific example 1, in which the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is able to extend along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The state of directional movement is supported. Figure 5A From Figure 4 The arrow AR1 in the image points to the view (arrow view).

[0110] like Figure 5A As shown, specific example 1 is as follows, in order to enable the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 to be along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100 100 The reaction vessel 100 moves in the direction of the reaction. A flange 109 is provided on the other end side A2 of the reaction vessel 100. A recess 109a is formed in the lower part of the flange 109. A protrusion 104a is provided on the upper part of the second support 104, which is inserted into the recess 109a. The other end side A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is supported with the protrusion 104a inserted into the recess 109a. The recess 109a and the protrusion 104a are along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 Extending in the direction. A gap G1 is formed between the lower surface 109b of the flange portion 109 and the upper surface 104b of the second support portion 104. Lubricating oil or the like can also be supplied to the portion between the recess 109a and the protrusion 104a. Conversely, a protrusion 104a can be provided at the lower part of the flange portion 109, and a recess 109a for inserting the protrusion 104a can be formed at the upper part of the second support portion 104.

[0111] <Concrete example 2> Figure 5B The figure shows a specific example 2, in which the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is able to extend along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The state of directional movement is supported. Figure 5B From Figure 4 The arrow AR1 in the image points in the view.

[0112] like Figure 5B As shown, specific example 2 is as follows. Specifically, in order to ensure that the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can be along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100... 100The reaction vessel 100 is supported at its other end A2 by a flange 109 and a friction-reducing component 111 on the upper surface 104b of the second support 104. The other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is supported in a state where the lower surface 109b of the flange 109 is in contact with the friction-reducing component 111. The shape, form, and material of the friction-reducing component 111 are not particularly limited, as long as the friction-reducing component 111 is a component that enables the reaction vessel 100 to move smoothly. The friction-reducing component 111 may be, for example, a component including a rotating unit such as a roller or belt. The friction-reducing component 111 may be a component made of a high-hardness material with a Vickers hardness (HV) of 450 or higher or a Rockwell hardness (HRC) of 45 or higher on the surface of the friction-reducing component 111 supporting the reaction vessel 100, such as tool steel that can be quenched and heat-treated, nitrided steel that can be nitrided and heat-treated, powder metallurgy material containing ceramic particles in at least a portion of the friction-reducing component 111, or steel with a coating on the surface. The friction-reducing component 111 can be, for example, a component whose surface is coated with diamond-like carbon (DLC), titanium carbide (TiC), titanium carbonitride (TiBN), titanium boride (TiB2), vanadium carbide (VC), alumina (Al2O3), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), etc., by film-forming methods such as CVD, PVD, or thermal spraying. The friction-reducing component 111 can also be a component whose surface is coated with a chromium plating layer or a nickel plating layer (Ni-P or Ni-Co-W) by electroplating or electroless plating. The friction-reducing component 111 can also be a component whose surface is coated with a solid lubricating component such as molybdenum disulfide by coating methods such as spraying. That is, the chemical composition of the surface (support surface) of the supporting reaction vessel 100 of the friction-reducing component 111 preferably includes at least one of the elements (chemical elements) selected from B, C, N, Al, P, Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Mo, and W.

[0113] <Concrete example 3> Figure 5C The figure shows a specific example 3, in which the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is able to extend along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The state of directional movement is supported. Figure 5C From Figure 4 The arrow AR1 in the image points in the view.

[0114] like Figure 5C As shown, specific example 3 is as follows. Specifically, in order to ensure that the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can be along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100... 100The reaction vessel 100 is moved in the direction of rotation. A flange 109 is provided on the other end side A2 of the reaction vessel 100. This flange 109 includes protrusions 109c and 109d protruding from the left and right sides (protruding in a direction intersecting (e.g., perpendicular to) the long axis of the reaction vessel 100). Erected portions 104c and 104d are provided on the upper surface 104b of the second support portion 104, and the protrusions 109c and 109d support the other end side A2 of the reaction vessel 100 when respectively positioned on the erected portions 104c and 104d. A gap G2 is formed between the lower surface 109b of the flange 109 and the upper surface 104b of the second support portion 104. Gaps G3 and G4 are formed between the left and right sides of the flange 109 and the erected portions 104c and 104d. Lubricating oil or similar substances can also be supplied between the protrusions 109c and 109d and the erected portions 104c and 104d.

[0115] Similar to the specific examples 1-3 above, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is able to extend along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The directional movement of the reaction vessel 100 is supported, thereby preventing it from moving along the long axis AX. 100 The directional thermal expansion (or thermal contraction) is forcefully applied to the drive unit 150, and the drive unit 150 is damaged, for example.

[0116] <Example of a construction for supporting the conveying mechanism 120> like Figure 4 As shown, the reaction device 10 is constructed to support the screw, which serves as the conveying mechanism 120, and includes bearings 106 and 107.

[0117] A bearing 106, located at one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100, rotatably supports one end B1 of the conveying mechanism 120. The bearing 106 is, for example, a bearing or bushing. One end B1 of the conveying mechanism 120 is connected (fixed) to the output shaft of the reducer 152. That is, one end B1 of the conveying mechanism 120 is rotatable and cannot be rotated along the axis AX of the conveying mechanism 120. 120 It is supported in the state of moving in the direction of movement.

[0118] On the other hand, bearing 107 is disposed at the other end A2 of reaction vessel 100, and is rotatable and can be moved along the axis AX of conveying mechanism 120. 120 The other end B2 of the conveying mechanism 120 is supported in a state of directional movement. Bearing 107 is an example of the third and sixth support portions of this disclosure. Bearing 107 is, for example, a bearing or a bushing. To enable the other end B2 of the conveying mechanism 120 to move along the axis AX of the conveying mechanism 120... 120 The direction of movement, within the specified range of B2 on the other end side of the conveying mechanism 120 (refer to...). Figure 4 The spiral protrusion 121 is not provided within the range indicated by the symbol L1 in the diagram. Furthermore, an AX portion along the axis of the conveying mechanism 120 is provided between the end of the conveying mechanism 120 on the other end side B2 and the cover portion 108 provided on the other end side A2 of the reaction vessel 100. 120 direction ( Figure 4 The space entered by the other end of the moving conveyor mechanism 120 (see right side) on the side B2 (refer to the space). Figure 4 (The range indicated by the symbol L2 in the text).

[0119] The axis AX of the conveying mechanism 120 supported as described above 120 With the major axis AX of reaction vessel 100 100 They are consistent with each other (basically consistent).

[0120] The other end B2 of the conveying mechanism 120 is supported so that it can be supported along the axis AX of the conveying mechanism 120. 120 The technical significance of the directional movement state is as follows.

[0121] That is, as described in Reference Example 1 above, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled by the temperature control device 210 or the like (for example, when the reaction vessel 100 is heated from the ambient temperature to approximately 900 degrees Celsius), the reaction vessel 100 along its long axis AX 100 directional thermal expansion (e.g., along the long axis AX) 100 The direction of expansion is approximately 10 to 20 mm. Simultaneously, the conveying mechanism 120 also expands along its axis AX. 120 directional thermal expansion (e.g., along axis AX) 120 The directional thermal expansion is approximately 10 to 20 mm. At this time, if the other end B2 of the conveying mechanism 120 cannot move along the axis AX... 120 If the direction of movement is such that the conveyor mechanism 120 moves along the axis AX, it is possible that the movement is due to the direction of movement of the conveyor mechanism 120 along the axis AX. 120 Thermal expansion in the direction of the transport mechanism 120 causes deformation, which causes the spiral or other protrusions 121 of the deformed transport mechanism 120 to come into contact with the inner wall of the reaction vessel 100, thereby preventing the transport mechanism 120 from being rotated normally.

[0122] Additionally, if one end B1 of the conveying mechanism 120 is configured to be able to move along the axis AX of the conveying mechanism 120... 120 The direction of movement and the other end B2 of the conveying mechanism 120 is configured to not be able to move along the axis AX of the conveying mechanism 120. 120 If the screw moves in the direction of the reaction vessel 100, the other end B2 of the conveying mechanism 120 will move with the thermal expansion or contraction of the reaction vessel 100. As a result, it may be difficult to control the position of the protrusion and concave part of the screw, for example, preventing the substance to be processed from reacting properly.

[0123] To prevent the conveyor mechanism 120 from being affected by the conveyor mechanism 120 along the axis AX 120 Due to thermal expansion and deformation in the direction of the conveying mechanism 120, the other end B2 is rotatable and can move along the axis AX of the conveying mechanism 120. 120 It is supported by bearing 107 when moving in a certain direction.

[0124] As described above, by supporting the other end side B2 of the conveying mechanism 120 in a way that allows it to rotate and move along the axis AX of the conveying mechanism 120... 120 The directional movement state can prevent the conveyor mechanism 120 from moving along its axis AX. 120 It deforms due to thermal expansion in a certain direction.

[0125] As described above, according to Reference Example 2, it is possible to provide a reaction apparatus 10 that, even when the reaction vessel 100 is along its long axis AX 100 Even in the case of directional thermal expansion, it can also prevent the reaction vessel 100 from failing to operate normally due to thermal expansion.

[0126] Next, the variations will be described.

[0127] Although the example of using a reaction vessel 100 supported in a non-rotatable manner was described in Reference Example 2 above, this is only one example. For example, a reaction vessel 100 supported in a rotatable manner may also be used.

[0128] Figure 6 This is a construction example in which the reaction vessel 100 is supported in a rotatable manner.

[0129] like Figure 6 As shown, the reaction apparatus 10 according to this modified example, as a component for rotatably supporting the reaction vessel 100, includes bearings 112 and 113.

[0130] The bearing 112, located between one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100 and the first support 103, is rotatable and not along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The reaction vessel 100 is supported at one end A1 in a state of directional movement. The bearing 112 is, for example, a bearing or a bushing. A flange 114 is provided at one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100. This flange 114 contacts the bearing 112, which prevents one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100 from moving along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 direction ( Figure 6(Right side) of the reaction vessel 100. Multiple flanges 114 and multiple bearings 112 can also be provided. For example, by providing two bearings 112 to one flange 114 and using these bearings 112 to clamp the flange 114, it is more preferable to prevent one end side A1 of the reaction vessel 100 from moving along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The bearing 112 can be an annular bearing or bushing into which one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100 is inserted, or it can be an arc-shaped bearing or bushing with a portion of the annular bearing or bushing cut off. Instead of bearing 112, a component made of lubricating material can also be used, which is rotatable and prevents movement along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100 at one end A1. 100 The reaction vessel 100 is supported at one end A1 in a state of directional movement. The bearing 112 and the flange 114 are examples of the fourth support portion of this disclosure.

[0131] On the other hand, the bearing 113, which is disposed between the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 and the second support 104, is rotatable and can be aligned along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is supported in a state of directional movement. The bearing 113 is, for example, a bearing or bushing. The bearing 113 can be an annular bearing or bushing into which the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is inserted, or it can be an arc-shaped bearing or bushing with a portion of the annular bearing or bushing cut off. Alternatively, instead of the bearing 113, a component made of lubricating material can be used in a rotatable manner and capable of moving along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 is supported in a state of directional movement. Bearing 113 is an example of the fifth support part of this disclosure. According to this modified example, the reaction vessel 100, which is rotatably supported, is connected (attached to) a reaction vessel drive device 116 similar to the drive device 150 (screw drive device) at one end A1. Figure 6 (Not shown in the image).

[0132] In the case where the reaction vessel 100 is supported in a rotatable manner as in the modified example, a conveying mechanism 120 supported in a rotatable manner can be used (see reference 120). Figure 4 Alternatively, a conveying mechanism 120 (not shown) that is supported in a non-rotatable manner can be used instead of a conveying mechanism 120 that is supported in a rotatable manner. Alternatively, the conveying mechanism 120 can be omitted.

[0133] Furthermore, although Reference Example 2 described above illustrates an example where a first support portion 103 supporting one end side A1 of the reaction vessel 100 below is used as the first support portion, this is merely one example. That is, the first support portion can have any construction, as long as it cannot be positioned along the long axis AX. 100 The reaction vessel 100 can be supported at one end A1 in a state of directional movement. For example, although not shown in the figures, as a first support, a first support that supports one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100 in a manner that suspends one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100 from the top can be used, or a first support that supports one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100 from the side can be used.

[0134] Furthermore, although Reference Example 2 described above illustrates an example where the support portion supporting the reaction vessel 100 at the other end A2 from the bottom is used as a second support portion 104, this is merely one example. That is, the second support portion can have any construction, as long as it can be positioned along the long axis AX. 100 The other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can be supported while the vessel is in a state of directional movement. For example, although not shown in the figures, as a second support, a second support that supports the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 in a manner that suspends the reaction vessel 100 from the top can be used, or a second support that supports the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 from the side can be used.

[0135] Although in the above-described reference example it is explained that the second support 104 can only be positioned along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100 at the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100. 100 An example of the state of directional movement supporting the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100, such as... Figure 5A and Figure 7 As shown, this is just one example. Figure 7 From Figure 5A The view is directed in the direction of arrow AR2. For example, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can be positioned so that it can not only be along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 Directional movement is also possible around the rotation axis AX. V The state of rotation (on the vertical axis) is supported.

[0136] Next, specific example 4 will be described. In specific example 4, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can not only be along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100, but also... 100 Directional movement is also possible around the rotation axis AX. V The state of rotation (on the vertical axis) is supported.

[0137] <Concrete example 4> Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of Specific Example 4. In Specific Example 4, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can not only move along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100, but also... 100 Directional movement is also possible around the rotation axis AX. V The state of rotation (on the vertical axis) is supported.

[0138] like Figure 8 As shown, on the base 104e supported by the second support portion 104 (upper surface 104b), a rotation axis AX can be rotated via bearings or the like. V A protrusion 104a is provided in a manner that allows for rotation (along the vertical axis). Furthermore, in... Figure 8 In the middle, the axis of rotation AX V Extending in a direction perpendicular to the paper. Therefore, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can extend along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 Directional movement is also possible around the rotation axis AX. V The state of rotation (on the vertical axis) is supported.

[0139] As described above, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can not only travel along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100 100 Directional movement is also possible around the rotation axis AX. V The advantages of supporting the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 in a state of rotation (vertical axis) are as follows.

[0140] That is, depending on the state of the response (the state of the physical stimulus), in Figure 7 In the middle, the major axis AX of the reaction vessel 100 100 There may be a temperature difference between the right and left sides of the reaction vessel (or this temperature difference may be intentional). In this case, the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100 will be affected. 100 The phenomenon that the extension on the right side is different from the extension on the left side.

[0141] For example, in Figure 7 In the middle, when the major axis AX of the reaction vessel 100 100 When the temperature on the right side of the reaction vessel 100 is higher than that on the left side, the right side of the long axis AX100 of the reaction vessel 100 extends longer than the left side. Figure 7 The lengths of arrows AR3 and AR4 in the diagram indicate this situation.

[0142] As described above, in the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100 100 If the extension on the right side is different from the extension on the left side, horizontal stress may be generated on the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 (refer to...). Figure 7 (Arrow AR5 in the image).

[0143] When the aforementioned stress has been generated, the friction generated between the second support portion 104 (protrusion 104a) and the flange portion 109 (recess 109a) may prevent the reaction vessel 100 (the other end side A2) from moving along its long axis AX. 100 Move in the direction of.

[0144] By adopting Figure 8 The structure shown is capable of responding appropriately to various physical stimuli.

[0145] Using a biaxial reaction vessel 100A (reference) Figure 9 In cases where the temperature difference between the right side and the left side of the reaction vessel 100 is intentionally created, it is particularly effective, for example, in controlling the reaction rate of the substance to be processed. Figure 9 This is an example of a biaxial reaction vessel 100A.

[0146] Next, we will describe specific example 5. In specific example 5, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can not only be along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100, but also... 100 Directional movement is also possible along the minor axis (see reference). Figure 10 The way the arrow AR6 moves is supported.

[0147] <Concrete example 5> Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of Specific Example 5. In Specific Example 5, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can not only move along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100, but also... 100 Directional movement is also possible along the minor axis (see reference). Figure 10 The arrow AR6 in the middle is supported in its moving state.

[0148] like Figure 10 As shown, on the base 104e supported by the second support portion 104 (upper surface 104b), a rotation axis AX can be rotated via bearings or the like. V The base 104e is provided with a protrusion 104a that can rotate (perpendicular to the axis). The base 104e can also rotate along the minor axis direction (see reference). Figure 10 The movement of the arrow AR6 is set in the guide rail 104f (supported by the second support 104 (upper surface 104b)). Furthermore, in Figure 10 In the middle, the axis of rotation AX V Extending in a direction perpendicular to the paper. Therefore, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can extend along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 Directional movement is also possible around the rotation axis AX. V (Vertical axis) Rotates and can be along the minor axis (refer to) Figure 10 The arrow AR6 in the middle is supported in its moving state.

[0149] As described above, the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 can not only travel along the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100 100 Directional movement is also possible around the rotation axis AX. V (Vertical axis) Rotates and can be along the minor axis (refer to) Figure 10 The advantages of the moving state of the support reaction vessel 100 at the other end A2 (arrow AR6) are as follows.

[0150] The aforementioned stress has already been generated (refer to...) Figure 7 In the case of arrow AR5, the friction generated between the second support portion 104 (protrusion 104a) and the flange portion 109 (recess 109a) may hinder the reaction vessel 100 (other end side A2) from moving along its long axis AX. 100 Directional movement.

[0151] When the aforementioned deformation further increases (when the aforementioned stress further increases), the other end A2 of the reaction vessel 100 may tilt (see reference). Figure 11B And reaction vessel 100 may be twisted (see reference). Figure 11A ). Figure 11A It is a diagram showing the state of the reaction vessel 100 being twisted, and Figure 11B This is a diagram showing the tilted state of the reaction vessel 100. These twists and tilts tend to occur on the other end side A2 or the middle section A3.

[0152] To solve the above problems, by adopting Figure 10 The structure shown in the figure can suppress the torsion of the reaction vessel 100 (see reference). Figure 11C and Figure 11D ). Figure 11C This is a diagram showing the state of reduced torsion in the reaction vessel 100, and Figure 11D This is a diagram showing the state of the reaction vessel 100 with its tilt decreasing.

[0153] Furthermore, although in the above-described Reference Examples 1 and 2, it was explained that the temperature control unit (temperature control area 110, etc.) is directed towards the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 This is an example of controlling the temperature of reaction vessel 100 in different regions along a direction, but this is only one example. That is, the number of regions (temperature control region 110, etc.) controlled by the temperature control unit is not limited to more than two, but can also be one.

[0154] Furthermore, although examples using a fluid supply unit (first fluid inlet 131, first fluid outlet 132, first valve 134, etc.) were described in the above-mentioned Reference Examples 1 and 2, this is only one example. That is, part or all of the fluid supply unit (first fluid inlet 131, first fluid outlet 132, first valve 134, etc.) may be omitted.

[0155] Furthermore, although examples of a drive device 150, which is provided at one end A1 of the reaction vessel 100 and connected to one end B1 of the conveying mechanism 120 (e.g., a screw), were described in Reference Examples 1 and 2 above, this is only one example. Another drive device may also be used as a means of driving the conveying mechanism 120.

[0156] <Implementation Method> <Specific example of temperature control zone 110> First, specific examples of the temperature control region 110 commonly used in the reaction apparatus 10A, 10B, and 10C of the first to third embodiments described below will be explained.

[0157] Figure 12 This is a 3D view of temperature control zone 110.

[0158] like Figure 12 As shown, the temperature control region 110 is located on the long axis AX of the reaction vessel 100. 100 The direction is divided into a total of 3 zones D1-D3. The temperature control zone 110 is not limited to being divided into three zones, but can also be divided into 1, 2, 4 or more zones.

[0159] Region D1 surrounds the long axis AX of reaction vessel 100 in a manner that encloses the reaction vessel 100. 100 The circumference is divided into a total of four regions D11-D14 (i.e., upper, lower, left, and right). Region D1 is not limited to being divided into four regions; it can also be divided into 1-3 regions or 5 regions. The same applies to regions D2 and D3.

[0160] Furthermore, a first heating unit H1, a second heating unit H2, a third heating unit H3, and a fourth heating unit H4 are respectively arranged in these four regions D11-D14. Thus, the heating units H1-H4 surround the reaction vessel 100 around its long axis AX. 100 set up.

[0161] Considering temperature control characteristics, heating units H1-H4 are preferably heaters (electric heaters) including heating wires.

[0162] Figure 13This is a block diagram illustrating the electrical connections between heating units H1-H4 and temperature control unit 202. (See diagram for example.) Figure 13 As shown, each of the heaters is electrically connected to the temperature control unit 202. Furthermore, the heating units H1-H4 are not limited to heaters; they can also be other heating components.

[0163] Although not shown in the diagram, temperature measuring units are located in four zones D11 to D14. Ideally, the temperature measuring units are, for example, thermocouples. Each of the temperature measuring units is electrically connected to the temperature control unit 202. Note that the temperature measuring units are not limited to thermocouples; they can also be other temperature measuring units (temperature sensors).

[0164] The temperature control unit 202 controls the temperature of each of the 12 sections (corresponding to each region) of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate section A3) by controlling the current flowing through each heater (heating wire) individually (e.g., using PID control). At this time, the temperature control unit 202 refers to the temperature measured by each temperature measuring unit. For example, when the temperature control unit 202 controls the temperature of the section of the reaction vessel 100 corresponding to region D11 by controlling the heater of the first heating unit H1 in region D11, it refers to the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit provided in region D11. The same applies when controlling the other heaters, i.e., the other heating units H2-H4.

[0165] Furthermore, the location (target) measured by the temperature measuring unit may be a heater configured in the area where the temperature measuring unit is configured, a part of the reaction vessel 100 corresponding to the area where the temperature measuring unit is configured, the space between the heater and the reaction vessel 100 in the area where the temperature measuring unit is configured, or other locations (targets).

[0166] As described above, in the reaction vessels 10A, 10B, and 10C according to the first to third embodiments described later, the temperature control zone 110 is divided into a total of 12 zones represented by 3×4, and the temperature of multiple parts (12 parts) of the reaction vessel 100 (middle part A3) corresponding to each zone can be controlled respectively. Therefore, the reaction apparatus 10A, 10B, and 10C can more preferably realize the reaction of the raw materials.

[0167] <Modification of reaction vessel 100> Next, the deformation of the reaction vessel 100 will be explained.

[0168] Figure 14A A modified example of the reaction vessel 100 is shown, and Figure 14B Another variation of the reaction vessel 100 is shown.

[0169] The reaction vessel 100 is supported at both ends, and the middle portion between these ends is unsupported (see [reference]). Figure 4 Therefore, as Figure 14A As shown, the reaction vessel 100 bends downwards due to its own weight. Since the rigidity (hardness) of the reaction vessel 100 decreases when it is heated, the amount of downward deformation increases.

[0170] On the other hand, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled (heating control or cooling control), the reaction vessel 100 bends upwards due to its expansion and contraction (see reference). Figure 14B ).

[0171] The reaction vessel 100 bends upwards because the temperatures of the upper and lower parts of the reaction vessel 100 are different. Specifically, the temperature in the upper part A of the reaction vessel 100 becomes higher than the temperature in the lower part. Therefore, the upper part A of the reaction vessel 100 expands more than the lower part C. As a result, the reaction vessel 100 bends upwards.

[0172] Note that the temperature in the upper part A of the reaction vessel 100 is higher than the temperature in the lower part of the reaction vessel 100 because the first heating unit H1 (refer to...) is located in the upper region D11 of the temperature control region 110. Figure 12 The current output state in the third heating unit H3 (refer to the lower region D13 of the temperature control region 110) becomes the same as that in the third heating unit H3 (refer to the lower region D13 of the temperature control region 110). Figure 12 The current output states in () are different.

[0173] For example, when the temperature in the lower part C of the reaction vessel 100 is 400°C, the temperature in the upper part A of the reaction vessel 100 becomes (400 + Δ)°C. Here, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled (either for heating or cooling) (e.g., when the temperature is controlled to rise from 400°C to 405°C), since the temperature in the lower part C (third heating unit H3) of the reaction vessel 100 is lower than the temperature in the upper part A (first heating unit H1), a current larger than the current flowing through the first heating unit H1 flows through the third heating unit H3. Therefore, the lower part C of the reaction vessel 100 is heated more strongly (to a greater extent) than the upper part A of the reaction vessel 100.

[0174] At this time, because heat is transferred from bottom to top, the third heating unit H3, which has a larger current than the current flowing through the first heating unit H1, heats not only the lower part C of the reaction vessel 100, but also the upper part A of the reaction vessel 100. As a result, the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part of the reaction vessel 100 becomes larger.

[0175] <First question (Questions regarding temperature control in reaction vessel 100 (heating or cooling control))> Next, the first problem (the problem of controlling the temperature of reaction vessel 100 (heating control or cooling control)) will be explained.

[0176] Figure 15 This diagram is used to illustrate the first problem (the problem of controlling the temperature of reaction vessel 100 (heating control or cooling control)).

[0177] When the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled as described above (heating control or cooling control), due to the temperature difference (temperature difference) between the upper and lower parts of the reaction vessel 100, the reaction vessel 100 bulges upward (see reference). Figure 14B On the other hand, the conveying mechanism 120 (screw) bends downwards due to its own weight (see reference). Figure 15 Therefore, the buffer space S1 between the conveying mechanism 120 (screw) and the reaction vessel 100 (refer to...) Figure 15 The screw gradually narrows, and eventually, the top of the spiral groove of the conveying mechanism 120 (screw) comes into contact with the inner wall of the reaction vessel 100. This creates a problem that could potentially hinder the normal operation of the reaction apparatus 10A-10C (the reaction apparatus 10A-10C may malfunction) (the first problem).

[0178] <Desired Temperature Conditions> Taking into account the first problem mentioned above, it is preferable that the temperature control unit 202 keeps the reaction vessel 100 (refer to...) Figure 12 The individual heaters (heating wires) are controlled in a way that minimizes the temperature difference between the upper A, lower C, left D, and right B parts of the structure.

[0179] Specifically, the temperature difference between the upper part A, lower part C, left part D and right part B of the reaction vessel 100 is preferably within ±20°C, and more preferably within ±10°C.

[0180] Next, the process of cooling the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (upper part A, lower part C, left part D, right part B) from the current temperature (e.g., 1000°C) to the target temperature (e.g., 500°C) will be described.

[0181] In this process, the temperature control unit 202 controls each heater (heating wire) in a manner that changes the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (upper A, lower C, left D and right B) from the current temperature (e.g. 1000°C) to the target temperature (e.g. 500°C).

[0182] At this point, in order to reduce the temperature difference between the upper part A, lower part C, left part D, and right part B of the reaction vessel 100, it is preferable that the cooling rate (cooling ratio) of the reaction vessel 100 (upper part A, lower part C, left part D, and right part B) is as low as possible. Specifically, the cooling rate of the reaction vessel 100 (upper part A, lower part C, left part D, and right part B) is preferably 10°C / min or less, more preferably 5°C / min or less, and even more preferably 2°C / min or less. The same applies to the heating rate (heating rate) of the reaction vessel 100 (upper part A, lower part C, left part D, and right part B). The desired cooling and heating rates can be obtained, for example, through experience, experimentation, or predetermined calculations.

[0183] <Second question (Questions regarding temperature control in reaction vessel 100 (heating or cooling control))> exist Figure 4 In the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2 shown, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled (heating control or cooling control), it is usually gradually heated or gradually cooled.

[0184] Figure 16A An example of gradual cooling is shown. Figure 16B An example of gradual temperature increase is shown. Figure 17 This is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature change C1 and the actual temperature change C2 of the reaction vessel 100 in the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to rise to the target temperature at a certain heating rate (heating control).

[0185] exist Figure 4 The reason for the gradual heating in the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2 shown is as follows.

[0186] That is, such as Figure 17 As shown, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to rise to the target temperature at a certain heating rate (heating control), before the temperature finally reaches the target temperature (for example, referring to...), Figure 17 At time T1, a displacement ΔX´ (the vertical displacement of the reaction vessel 100) occurs that cannot keep up with the temperature change C1 (time axis) during the heating process. Therefore, gradual temperature control is required, and a waiting time T is set until the vertical displacement of the reaction vessel 100 becomes ΔX. W (Reference Figure 17 The standby time TW The setting is configured such that the standby time is taken into account until the aforementioned temperature deviation Δ (the deviation between the temperature of the upper part of the reaction vessel 100 and the temperature of the lower part of the reaction vessel 100) becomes as small as possible.

[0187] exist Figure 17 In the diagram, the symbol ΔX indicates that the temperature of reaction vessel 100 has reached the target temperature. Figure 17 The displacement of the reaction vessel 100 in the vertical direction is shown in the case of an intermediate temperature (temperature difference ΔT). Figure 17 In the figure, the symbol ΔX´ represents the displacement of the reaction vessel 100 in the vertical direction at the moment T1 before the temperature reaches the target temperature, which cannot follow the temperature change C1 (time axis).

[0188] However, the aforementioned standby time T W The time is mainly set manually based on experience, thus generating "extra standby time T". EX ” (refer to Figure 17 Therefore, the following problem exists (the second problem): when a gradual heating is performed in the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2 above, the time (heating time) before the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (upper part A, lower part C, left part D, right part B) reaches the target temperature becomes longer (for example, requiring several days). Similarly, when a gradual cooling is also performed in the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2 above, the following problem exists (the second problem): the time (cooling time) for the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (upper part A, lower part C, left part D, right part B) to reach the target temperature becomes longer (for example, requiring several days).

[0189] Next, refer to Figure 18 This further clarifies the second question mentioned above.

[0190] Figure 18 An example flowchart is shown for a heating process used to perform a gradual heating in the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2.

[0191] First, set the current temperature T1 (e.g., 500°C), the target temperature T2 (e.g., 1000°C), the heating rate Vt (e.g., 10°C / minute), and the intermediate temperature Tm (e.g., 750°C) (steps S20 to S22). This is, for example, set manually by the operator.

[0192] Next, the temperature is increased at a heating rate Vt (step S23). This is achieved by controlling each heater through the temperature control unit 202 to change the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 from the current temperature T1 to the intermediate temperature Tm.

[0193] Next, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 has reached the intermediate temperature Tm (e.g., 750°C) (step S24: Yes), the operation waits for a pre-set standby time Tw (refer to...). Figure 17 (Step S25: No). During the standby time Tw, maintain the intermediate temperature Tm.

[0194] Next, after a preset standby time Tw (step S25: Yes), the temperature is increased at a heating rate Vt (step S26). This is achieved by controlling each heater through the temperature control unit 202 to bring the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 to the target temperature T2.

[0195] After the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 has reached the target temperature T2 (step S27: Yes), the heating process ends (steps S20~S27).

[0196] As described above, in the case of gradual heating in the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2, an "extra standby time T" is generated in step S25. EX ” (refer to Figure 17 Therefore, the following problem exists (the second problem): when a gradual heating is performed in the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2 above, the heating time of the reaction vessel 100 (upper part A, lower part C, left part D, right part B) becomes longer (for example, heating the reaction vessel 100 requires several days). Similarly, the following problem exists (the second problem): when a gradual cooling is also performed in the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2 above, the cooling time before the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (upper part A, lower part C, left part D, right part B) reaches the target temperature becomes longer (for example, cooling the reaction vessel 100 requires several days).

[0197] <First Implementation Method> Next, as a first embodiment, a construction example 1 for solving the first and second problems described above will be described. Hereinafter, the reaction apparatus according to the first embodiment will be referred to as reaction apparatus 10A.

[0198] Figure 19 This is a schematic structural diagram of the reaction apparatus 10A in the first embodiment. Figure 20 This is a block diagram of the reaction apparatus 10A according to the first embodiment.

[0199] like Figure 19 and Figure 20As shown, the reaction apparatus 10A of the first embodiment is equivalent to the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2 by adding a protrusion 117, a position measuring device 260, a first displacement velocity calculation unit 208, and a second displacement velocity calculation unit 209. Hereinafter, components similar to those in the reaction apparatus 10 of Reference Example 2 will be labeled with the same reference numerals, and their descriptions will be omitted as appropriate.

[0200] The protrusion 117 protrudes downward from the lower center of the reaction vessel 100 (temperature control zone 110) in the length direction. The base end of the protrusion 117 is connected to the lower center of the reaction vessel 100 (temperature control zone 110) in the length direction by welding or the like. On the other hand, at the front end of the protrusion 117 ( Figure 19 The lower end of the plate 118 (measuring surface 118a) is provided as the measuring object of the position measuring device 260. The measuring surface 118a is a flat surface parallel to the floor surface 170 on which the position measuring device 260 is provided.

[0201] By setting the protrusion 117 in this way and measuring its front end (metal plate 118 (measuring surface 118a)), the vertical displacement (position) of the reaction vessel 100 can be measured at room temperature in the lower center of the length direction (where the temperature is higher due to being inside the furnace) away from the reaction vessel 100 (temperature control zone 110). As a result, the measurement accuracy of the vertical displacement (position) of the reaction vessel 100 is improved.

[0202] Note that, as long as the vertical displacement (position) of the reaction vessel 100 can be measured, the portion connected to the protrusion 117 can also be a portion other than the lower center of the reaction vessel 100 (temperature control region 110) in the length direction (e.g., the upper center of the reaction vessel 100 (temperature control region 110) in the length direction). Furthermore, the protrusion 117 can protrude in a direction other than downward (e.g., upward, sideways), as long as the vertical displacement (position) of the reaction vessel 100 can be measured. Additionally, the number of protrusions 117 can be one or more.

[0203] The position measuring device 260 measures the vertical displacement (position) of the reaction vessel 100 (the metal plate 118 (measuring surface 118a) provided on the front end side of the protrusion 117). Since the vertical displacement of the reaction vessel 100 is extremely small, a contact measuring device such as a digital dial indicator or micrometer is preferably used as the position measuring device 260. Hereinafter, an example of using a digital dial indicator as the position measuring device 260 will be described. In the following text, the position measuring device 260 will also be referred to as the digital dial indicator 260. Figure 19As shown, the digital micrometer 260 is configured such that its contact probe 261 contacts the metal plate 118 (measuring surface 118a) disposed on the front end side of the protrusion 117. Figure 19 An example of a contact-type position measuring device is shown, wherein the digital micrometer 260 includes a contact on the front end side of a protrusion that contacts the present disclosure.

[0204] Furthermore, the position measuring device 260 is not limited to a contact measuring device, and can be, for example, a non-contact measuring device (e.g., a laser displacement sensor), such as a measuring device that irradiates a laser beam through quartz glass. Alternatively, for example, the protrusion 117 can be omitted, allowing one end face of another rod-shaped member to contact the lower center of the reaction vessel 100 (temperature control region 110) in the length direction, and the other end face of this other rod-shaped member to be measured using a contact or non-contact measuring device. Alternatively, the protrusion 117 can be omitted, and the lower center of the reaction vessel 100 (temperature control region 110) in the length direction can be measured using a contact or non-contact measuring device.

[0205] Position measuring device 260 measures the actual position of a specific portion of the reaction vessel 100 that has been displaced as described above (see...). Figure 14A and Figure 14B This specific part is, for example, the contact point between the contact probe 261 of the digital micrometer 260 and the metal plate 118 (measuring surface 118a) (hereinafter referred to as point E, see reference). Figure 19 Note that this specific part can be any point other than point E. Below, an example will be given where this specific part is point E of reaction vessel 100.

[0206] Here, the position of point E measured at room temperature is set as zero point (H0), and the position of point E measured at a specified temperature after heating or cooling from room temperature is set as (H1). The difference between them (H1~H0) is set as the displacement of point E in the vertical direction.

[0207] On the other hand, a portion of the protrusion 117 is located inside the reaction vessel 100 (temperature control region 110). Therefore, the protrusion 117 is heated or cooled at a specified temperature. The vertical displacement (Hr) of the reaction vessel 100 is expressed using a correction value (Hm) that takes into account the thermal expansion of the protrusion 117, as shown in Formula 1 below.

[0208] Hr = (H1 - H0) - Hm ∙∙∙ (Formula 1) like Figure 14AAs shown, Hr = Z1 - Z0. Note that Z0 represents the position of the center of the reaction vessel 100 along its length, measured at room temperature, and Z1 represents the position of the center of the reaction vessel 100 along its length, measured at a specified temperature after heating or cooling from room temperature. Note that the means used to determine the correction value Hm are not particularly limited. The correction value Hm can be determined based on experimental data or through simulation (means) such as heat transfer analysis.

[0209] Note that the protrusion 117 may also have a structure that allows fluid to pass through its interior. The protrusion 117 may, for example, be a first fluid supply pipe 133 or a second fluid supply pipe 143. Additionally, the protrusion 117 may include a temperature measuring unit that measures the temperature of its interior or its outer periphery. Therefore, the correction value Hm can be determined more accurately.

[0210] The first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 calculates the displacement velocity (desired displacement velocity V1) of point E of the reaction vessel 100 (middle part A3) when the temperature is controlled from the current temperature T1 to the target temperature T2 at a desired cooling rate (or heating rate). At this time, the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 considers, for example, the desired cooling rate (or heating rate) and material properties such as the coefficient of thermal expansion of the various components forming the reaction vessel 100. This desired displacement velocity is considered to be the displacement velocity that minimizes the deviation between the temperature of the upper part and the temperature of the lower part of the reaction vessel 100. This desired displacement velocity V1 (calculated value) can be obtained, for example, from... Figure 21 The straight line C3 in the diagram represents this. Figure 21 This is a graph showing the relationship between the expected displacement velocity C3 at point E and the actual displacement velocity C4 at point E when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to decrease (cooling control). The first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 is implemented, for example, by executing a predetermined program through the control device 200. The first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 is not limited to being implemented by a predetermined program, but can also be implemented by hardware. The calculations performed by the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 can be performed manually.

[0211] The second displacement velocity calculation unit 209 calculates the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E (a specific portion) based on the actual position of point E (measured at different times and corrected by the aforementioned correction value (Hm)) measured by the position measuring device 260. The actual displacement velocity V2 (measured value) of point E can be obtained, for example, by... Figure 21 The second displacement-velocity calculation unit 209 is represented by curve C4. It is implemented, for example, by the control device 200 executing a predetermined program. Note that the second displacement-velocity calculation unit 209 is not limited to being implemented by a predetermined program; it can also be implemented in hardware.

[0212] The temperature control unit 202 performs a cooling rate control process (or a heating rate control process) to control the cooling rate (or heating rate) of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate portion A3) so that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows (matches) the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E. This cooling rate control process (and heating rate control process) will be described later. The temperature control unit 202 is implemented, for example, by the control device 200 executing a predetermined program. Furthermore, the temperature control unit 202 is not limited to being implemented by a predetermined program; it can also be implemented by hardware.

[0213] <Operational Example 1 of Reactor 10A> Next, refer to Figure 22 Example 1 of the operation of reaction apparatus 10A will be explained.

[0214] Figure 22 This is a flowchart of an example of the operation of reaction apparatus 10A.

[0215] The following is an example of operation of the reaction apparatus 10A, which describes the operation in which the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to be reduced from the current temperature of 1000°C to the target temperature of 500°C (cooling control).

[0216] First, set the current temperature T1 (1000℃), the target temperature T2 (500℃), and the desired cooling rate Vt (e.g., 1℃ / minute) (steps S30~S31). This is set manually by the operator, for example.

[0217] Next, the desired displacement velocity V1 is calculated (step S32). This is, for example, performed by the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208. Specifically, the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 calculates the displacement velocity (desired displacement velocity V1) of point E of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate portion A3) when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to change from the current temperature T1 to the target temperature T2 at a desired cooling rate Vt. At this time, the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 performs the calculation, for example, taking into account the desired cooling rate Vt and material properties such as the coefficient of thermal expansion of the various components forming the reaction vessel 100. This desired displacement velocity V1 (calculated value) can be obtained, for example, from... Figure 21 The straight line C3 in the diagram represents this.

[0218] Next, the position of point E is measured, and the actual displacement velocity V2 (measured value) is calculated (step S33). This is achieved by the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209. Specifically, the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209 calculates the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E based on the actual position of point E (a specific portion) measured by the position measuring device 260 (multiple positions measured at different times and corrected by the aforementioned correction value (Hm)). The actual displacement velocity V2 (measured value) of point E can be obtained, for example, by... Figure 21 The curve C4 in the figure is used to represent this.

[0219] Next, a cooling rate control process is performed (step S34). This cooling rate control process is used to control the cooling rate of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) so that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E calculated in step S33 follows (matches) the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E calculated in step S32, and is implemented by the temperature control unit 202.

[0220] Reference Figure 23 The cooling rate control process (step S34) is explained in detail. Figure 23 This is a flowchart of the cooling rate control process.

[0221] like Figure 23 As shown, firstly, it is determined whether the actual displacement velocity V2 and the desired displacement velocity V1 deviate from each other (e.g., whether the difference between the actual displacement velocity V2 and the desired displacement velocity V1 exceeds a threshold) (step S341). This is determined, for example, by the temperature control unit 202 comparing the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E calculated in step S33 with the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E calculated in step S32.

[0222] The result is that the actual displacement velocity V2 deviates from the desired displacement velocity V1 (step S341: yes) and this deviation is a positive deviation (refer to...). Figure 21 In the case of arrow AR8 (step S342: Yes), this indicates that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E is lower than the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E. In this case, the cooling rate of the reaction vessel 100 (upper A, lower C, left D, right B) is increased (step S343). For example, the temperature control unit 202 increases the cooling rate from 1°C / min to 2°C / min. Specifically, the temperature control unit 202 controls each heater so that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows (matches) the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E. Thus, the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E (refer to...). Figure 21 ).

[0223] On the other hand, when the actual displacement velocity V2 deviates from the desired displacement velocity V1 (step S341: yes) and this deviation is a negative deviation (refer to...) Figure 21 In the case of arrow AR9 (step S342: No), this indicates that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E is higher than the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E. In this case, the cooling rate of the reaction vessel 100 (upper A, lower C, left D, right B) is reduced (step S344). For example, the temperature control unit 202 reduces the cooling rate from 2°C / min to 1°C / min. Specifically, the temperature control unit 202 controls each heater so that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows (matches) the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E. Thus, the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E (refer to...). Figure 21 ).

[0224] If the actual displacement velocity V2 and the desired displacement velocity V1 do not deviate from each other (step S341: no), the processing after step S341 is not performed.

[0225] Repeat the above steps S33 and S34 until the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 reaches the target temperature T2 set in step S30 (step S35: no).

[0226] Then, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 reaches the target temperature T2 (step S35: yes), the operation example 1 of the reaction apparatus 10A ends.

[0227] As described above, according to the operating example 1 of the reaction apparatus 10A, before the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 reaches the target temperature T2, the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E (refer to...). Figure 21 Thus, the first and second problems mentioned above are solved.

[0228] <Operational Example 2 of Reactor 10A> Next, refer to Figure 24 Example 2 of the operation of the reaction apparatus 10A will be described. Example 1 of the operation of the reaction apparatus 10A is an example of the cooling control of the reaction vessel 100, while Example 2 of the operation of the reaction apparatus 10A is an example of the heating control of the reaction vessel 100.

[0229] Figure 24 This is a flowchart of operation example 2 of reaction apparatus 10A.

[0230] The following is an example of operation 2 of the reaction apparatus 10A, which describes the operation in which the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to be increased from the current temperature of 500°C to the target temperature of 1000°C (heating control).

[0231] First, set the current temperature T1 (500°C), the target temperature T2 (1000°C), and the desired heating rate Vt (e.g., 1°C / minute) (steps S40-S41). This is, for example, set manually by the operator.

[0232] Next, the desired displacement velocity is calculated (step S42). This is, for example, performed by the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208. Specifically, the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 calculates the displacement velocity (desired displacement velocity V1) of point E of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate portion A3) when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to change from the current temperature T1 to the target temperature T2 at a desired heating rate Vt. At this time, the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 calculates the desired heating rate Vt, for example, taking into account material properties such as the coefficient of thermal expansion of the various components forming the reaction vessel 100. This desired displacement velocity V1 (calculated value) can be obtained, for example, from... Figure 25 The straight line C5 in the diagram represents this. Figure 25 This is a diagram showing the relationship between the expected displacement velocity V1 and the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to rise (heating control).

[0233] Next, the position of point E is measured, and the actual displacement velocity V2 (measured value) is calculated (step S43). This is achieved by the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209. Specifically, the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209 calculates the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E based on the actual position of point E (a specific portion) measured by the position measuring device 260 (multiple positions measured at different times and corrected by the aforementioned correction value (Hm)). The actual displacement velocity V2 (measured value) of point E can be obtained, for example, by... Figure 25 The curve C6 in the figure is used to represent this.

[0234] Next, a heating rate control process is performed (step S44). This heating rate control process is used to control the heating rate of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) so that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E calculated in step S43 follows (matches) the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E calculated in step S42, and is implemented by the temperature control unit 202.

[0235] Reference Figure 26 The process of controlling the heating rate (step S44) is explained in detail. Figure 26 This is a flowchart of the heating rate control process.

[0236] like Figure 26As shown, firstly, it is determined whether the actual displacement velocity V2 and the desired displacement velocity V1 deviate from each other (e.g., whether the difference between the actual displacement velocity V2 and the desired displacement velocity V1 exceeds a threshold) (step S441). This is determined, for example, by the temperature control unit 202 comparing the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E calculated in step S43 with the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E calculated in step S42.

[0237] The result is that the actual displacement velocity V2 deviates from the desired displacement velocity V1 (step S441: yes) and this deviation is a positive deviation (refer to...). Figure 25 In the case of arrow AR10 (step S442: Yes), this indicates that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E is lower than the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E. In this case, the heating rate of the reaction vessel 100 (upper A, lower C, left D, right B) is increased (step S443). For example, the temperature control unit 202 increases the heating rate from 1°C / min to 2°C / min. Specifically, the temperature control unit 202 controls each heater so that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows (matches) the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E. Thus, the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E (refer to...). Figure 25 ).

[0238] On the other hand, when the actual displacement velocity V2 deviates from the desired displacement velocity V1 (step S441: yes) and this deviation is a negative deviation (refer to...) Figure 25 In the case of arrow AR11 (step S442: No), this indicates that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E is higher than the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E. In this case, the heating rate of the reaction vessel 100 (upper A, lower C, left D, right B) is reduced (step S444). For example, the temperature control unit 202 reduces the heating rate from 2°C / min to 1°C / min. Specifically, the temperature control unit 202 controls each heater so that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows (matches) the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E. Thus, the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E (refer to...). Figure 25 ).

[0239] If the actual displacement velocity V2 and the desired displacement velocity V1 do not deviate from each other (step S441: no), the processing after step S441 is not performed.

[0240] Repeat the above processes in steps S43 and S44 until the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 reaches the target temperature T2 set in step S40 (step S45: no).

[0241] When the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 has reached the target temperature (step S45: Yes), the operation of the reaction apparatus 10A in Example 2 ends.

[0242] As described above, according to the operating example 2 of the reaction apparatus 10A, before the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 reaches the target temperature T2, the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E (refer to...). Figure 25 Thus, the first and second problems mentioned above are solved.

[0243] <Third question (Problems related to controlling the temperature rise of the reaction vessel 100 (heating control))> like Figure 26 As shown, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to rise (heating control), there may be a situation where even if the heating rate of the reaction vessel 100 (upper part A, lower part C, left part D, right part B) is increased (step S443), point E may not be displaced. That is, the actual displacement velocity V2 (measured value) of point E does not follow the expected displacement velocity V1 (calculated value) of point E.

[0244] In this case, for example, because the reaction vessel 100 is in contact with the conveying mechanism 120, there may be an operational malfunction in the second support portion 104 of the movable support portion (the third problem). Figure 25 The shaded area in the diagram shows a hazardous area where the reaction vessel 100 may come into contact with the conveyor mechanism 120.

[0245] <Second Embodiment> Next, as a second embodiment, a construction example 1 for solving the aforementioned third problem will be described. Hereinafter, the reaction apparatus according to the second embodiment will be referred to as reaction apparatus 10B.

[0246] Figure 27 This is a block diagram of the reaction apparatus 10B in the second embodiment.

[0247] like Figure 27 As shown, the reaction apparatus 10B in the second embodiment is equivalent to the reaction apparatus 10A in the first embodiment with the addition of an emergency operation control unit 290. Hereinafter, structures similar in construction to those in the reaction apparatus 10A in the first embodiment will be labeled with the same reference numerals, and their descriptions will be omitted as appropriate.

[0248] The emergency operation control unit 290 performs emergency procedures (emergency operations) to prevent the reaction apparatus 10B from becoming inoperable. These emergency procedures may include, for example, controlling the individual heaters to reduce the heating rate of the reaction vessel 100, stopping (performing an emergency stop) the heating within the reaction vessel 100, or other procedures.

[0249] The process for stopping (performing an emergency stop) the heating within the reaction vessel 100 can be similar to the heating stop process performed when an emergency stop button (not shown) provided in the reaction apparatus 10B is pressed (e.g., stopping the power supply to the temperature control unit 202).

[0250] Alternatively, emergency procedures could also include broadcasting information indicating an anomaly has occurred in the reaction device 10B. This broadcasting process could, for example, be displaying the information indicating an anomaly has occurred in the reaction device 10B on a display device (e.g., a monitor), or outputting an audio message indicating an anomaly has occurred in the reaction device 10B from an audio output device (e.g., a speaker).

[0251] <Emergency Treatment Example 1> Next, refer to Figure 28 The emergency response example 1 is explained in detail.

[0252] Figure 28 This is a flowchart of Emergency Handling Example 1. Emergency Handling Example 1 is performed in step S443 (see...). Figure 26 ).

[0253] First, the position of point E is measured (step S4431). This is achieved by the position measuring device 260.

[0254] Next, it is determined whether the time change dx / dt of the position of point E measured in step S4431 has become negative (step S4432). When the time change dx / dt of the position of point E becomes negative (step S4432: yes), this indicates that the position of point E has changed along the long axis AX as the reaction vessel 100 is heated. 100 If the direction of displacement is correct, in this case, move to step S4431 without emergency handling (emergency operation), and then repeat the following process.

[0255] On the other hand, when the time change dx / dt of the position of point E does not become negative (step S4432: No), this indicates that the position of point E may not be along the major axis AX. 100 If the direction of displacement is correct, that is, if the second support 104 of the movable support is not operating normally (for example, the reaction vessel 100 may come into contact with the conveyor mechanism 120), in this case, emergency handling (emergency operation) is performed (step S4433). This is achieved by the emergency operation control unit 290. The emergency handling may be, for example, handling to control the individual heaters to reduce the heating rate of the reaction vessel 100, handling to stop (emergency stop) the heating in the reaction vessel 100, or other handling. Thus, the above-mentioned problem 3 is solved.

[0256] <Emergency Treatment Example 2> Next, we will explain emergency response example 2.

[0257] The difference between Emergency Treatment Example 1 and Emergency Treatment Example 2 is that in Emergency Treatment Example 1, the time change of the position of point E after the heating rate is increased is used as the reference for the transition to emergency treatment (emergency operation), while in Emergency Treatment Example 2, the degree of deviation from "ideal expansion" is used as the reference for the transition to emergency treatment (emergency operation).

[0258] That is, even when the second support 104, which is a movable support, is normal, the position of point E may not change immediately after the heating rate increases.

[0259] To address the aforementioned issues, in Emergency Handling Example 2, a threshold is pre-set to allow the deviation between the desired displacement velocity V2 and the actual displacement velocity V1. When the deviation between the desired displacement velocity V2 and the actual displacement velocity V1 exceeds the aforementioned threshold, the operation switches to emergency operation.

[0260] Next, refer to Figure 29 The following provides a detailed explanation of emergency response example 2.

[0261] Figure 29 This is a flowchart of Emergency Handling Example 2. Emergency Handling Example 2 is performed in step S443 (see...). Figure 26 ).

[0262] First, the position of point E is measured, and the actual displacement velocity V2 is calculated (step S4434). This is achieved by the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209. Specifically, the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209 calculates the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E based on the actual position of point E (a specific portion) measured by the position measuring device 260 (multiple positions measured at different times and corrected by the aforementioned correction value (Hm)).

[0263] Next, when the deviation between the desired displacement velocity V1 and the actual displacement velocity V2 does not exceed the threshold (step S4435: No), this indicates that the position of point E moves along the major axis AX as the heating rate increases. 100 If the direction is correctly displaced, in this case, move to step S4434 without emergency handling (emergency operation), and then repeat the following process.

[0264] On the other hand, when the deviation between the desired displacement velocity V1 and the actual displacement velocity V2 exceeds the threshold (step S4435: Yes), this indicates that although the heating rate has been increased, the position of point E is not along the major axis AX. 100If the direction of displacement is correct, that is, if the second support 104 of the movable support is not operating normally (for example, the reaction vessel 100 may come into contact with the conveyor mechanism 120), in this case, emergency handling (emergency operation) is performed (step S4436). This is achieved by the emergency operation control unit 290. The emergency handling may be, for example, handling to control the individual heaters to reduce the heating rate of the reaction vessel 100, handling to stop (emergency stop) the heating in the reaction vessel 100, or other handling. Thus, the above-mentioned problem 3 is solved.

[0265] <Emergency Treatment Example 3> Next, we will explain emergency response example 3.

[0266] Emergency Treatment Example 3 is equivalent to Emergency Treatment Example 2 above (refer to...) Figure 29 The case of step S4437 has been added.

[0267] The difference between Emergency Handling Example 1 and Emergency Handling Example 3 is that in Emergency Handling Example 1, the time change of the position of point E after the heating rate increases is used as the reference for the transition to emergency handling, while in Emergency Handling Example 3, "behavior different from steady-state behavior" is used as the reference for the transition to emergency handling.

[0268] In actual production operations, heating and cooling are performed in the same pattern each time. In emergency handling example 3, a threshold is preset to allow deviations from "behavior different from steady-state behavior". When the deviation exceeds the threshold, the operation is switched to emergency operation.

[0269] Next, refer to Figure 30 The emergency response example 3 is explained in detail.

[0270] Figure 30 This is a flowchart of Emergency Operation Example 3. Emergency Operation Example 3 is performed in step S443 (see...). Figure 26 ).

[0271] First, the position of point E is measured, and the actual displacement velocity V2 is calculated (step S4434). This is achieved by the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209. Specifically, the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209 calculates the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E based on the actual position of point E (a specific portion) measured by the position measuring device 260 (multiple positions measured at different times and corrected by the aforementioned correction value (Hm)).

[0272] Next, when the deviation between the desired displacement velocity V1 and the actual displacement velocity V2 does not exceed the threshold (step S4435: No), and when the deviation between the desired displacement velocity V1 and the actual displacement velocity V2 does not exceed the threshold under steady-state conditions (step S4437: No), this indicates that the position of point E increases along the major axis AX as the heating rate increases. 100 If the direction is correctly displaced, in this case, move to step S4434 without emergency handling (emergency operation), and then repeat the following process.

[0273] On the other hand, when the deviation between the desired displacement velocity V1 and the actual displacement velocity V2 exceeds the threshold (step S4435: Yes), or when the deviation between the desired displacement velocity V1 and the actual displacement velocity V2 has exceeded the threshold under steady-state conditions (step S4437: Yes), this indicates that although the heating rate has increased, the position of point E is not along the major axis AX. 100 If the direction of displacement is correct, that is, if the second support 104 of the movable support is not operating normally (for example, the reaction vessel 100 may come into contact with the conveyor mechanism 120), in this case, emergency handling (emergency operation) is performed (step S4436). This is achieved by the emergency operation control unit 290. The emergency handling may be, for example, handling to control the individual heaters to reduce the heating rate of the reaction vessel 100, handling to stop (perform an emergency stop) the heating within the reaction vessel 100, or other handling. Thus, the aforementioned problem 3 is solved.

[0274] <Third Implementation Method> Next, as a third embodiment, a construction example 2 for solving the first and second problems described above will be described. Hereinafter, the reaction apparatus according to the third embodiment will be referred to as reaction apparatus 10C.

[0275] Figure 31 This is a block diagram of the reaction apparatus 10C according to the third embodiment.

[0276] like Figure 31 As shown, the reaction apparatus 10C in the third embodiment is equivalent to the reaction apparatus 10A in the first embodiment with the addition of a temperature control mode correction unit 291. Hereinafter, the same reference numerals will be used to refer to structures similar in construction to those in the reaction apparatus 10A in the first embodiment, and their descriptions will be omitted as appropriate.

[0277] In the reaction apparatus 10C of the third embodiment, such as Figure 32 As shown, the temperature control table is stored in storage unit 207. Figure 32An example of a temperature control table stored in storage unit 207 is shown. Storage unit 207 shows an example of a temperature control mode storage unit and a displacement velocity storage unit according to this disclosure.

[0278] like Figure 32 As shown, the temperature control table includes the following items: current temperature DT1, target temperature DT2, desired cooling rate DT3, desired displacement rate DT4, and temperature control mode DT5.

[0279] The current temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is stored as the current temperature DT1. The target temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is stored as the target temperature DT2. The cooling rate (or heating rate) set considering the above-mentioned <desired temperature conditions> is stored as the desired cooling rate (or heating rate) DT3. The displacement rate (desired displacement rate V1) calculated by the first displacement rate calculation unit 208 is stored as the desired displacement rate DT4. The control mode of each heater actually controlled by the temperature control unit 202 until the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) reaches the target temperature DT2 from the current temperature DT1 is stored as the temperature control mode DT5, for example, information related to the current value at each time the heater is energized.

[0280] The temperature control mode correction unit 291 corrects the temperature control mode DT5 to make the displacement velocity (V1 or V2) of point E (a specific part) of the reaction vessel 100 as high as possible. For example, the control modes (multiple times) of each heater actually controlled by the temperature control unit 202 until the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) reaches the target temperature DT2 from the current temperature DT1 are stored in the storage unit 207, etc. Then, the temperature control mode correction unit 291 stores (overwrites) one of the stored temperature control modes (multiple times) in which the displacement velocity (V1 or V2) becomes the highest into the storage unit 207 (temperature control mode DT5).

[0281] Alternatively, the temperature control mode correction unit 291 can correct the temperature control mode DT5 based on machine learning results to make the displacement velocity (V1 or V2) of point E (a specific part) of the reaction vessel 100 as high as possible. For example, a learning model can be generated by a learning engine (e.g., scikit-learn) to predict (estimate) the displacement velocity (V1 or V2). EThe temperature control mode (or DT4) can be adjusted to the highest possible temperature control mode, and the predicted temperature control mode (temperature control mode DT5) can be stored (overwritten) in the storage unit 207. The temperature control mode correction unit 291 is implemented, for example, by executing a predetermined program through the control device 200. The temperature control mode correction unit 291 is not limited to being implemented by a predetermined program, but can also be implemented by hardware.

[0282] The correction performed by the temperature control mode correction unit 291 can be done manually based on experience. For example, the temperature control mode can also be corrected based on experience to make the displacement velocity (V1 or V2) of point E (specific position) of the reaction vessel 100 as high as possible, and the corrected temperature control mode is stored (overwritten) in the storage unit 207 (temperature control mode DT5).

[0283] <Example 1 of the operation of reaction apparatus 10C> Next, refer to Figure 33 Example 1 of the operation of reaction apparatus 10C will be described.

[0284] Figure 33 This is a flowchart of an example of the operation of reaction apparatus 10C.

[0285] Operational Example 1 of Reactor 10C is equivalent to Operational Example 1 of Reactor 10A described above (see reference). Figure 22 The following operation examples were added: steps S31A, S32A, S32B, and S36~S39.

[0286] The following is an example of operation of the reaction apparatus 10C, which describes the operation in which the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to be reduced from the current temperature of 1000°C to the target temperature of 500°C (cooling control).

[0287] First, set the current temperature T1 (1000℃), the target temperature T2 (500℃), and the desired cooling rate Vt (e.g., 1℃ / minute) (steps S30~S31). This is set manually by the operator, for example.

[0288] Next, when no set value is stored (step S31A: No), that is, when the storage unit 207 does not store a temperature control mode (temperature control mode DT5) corresponding to the current temperature T1 and the target temperature T2, the desired displacement velocity V1 is calculated (step S32). This is implemented, for example, by the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208. Specifically, the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 calculates the displacement velocity (desired displacement velocity V1) of point E of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) when the temperature is controlled to change from the current temperature T1 to the target temperature T2 at a desired cooling rate Vt. At this time, the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 calculates the desired cooling rate Vt, for example, by considering the thermal expansion coefficient and other material properties of the various components forming the reaction vessel 100. This desired displacement velocity V1 (calculated value) can be calculated, for example, by... Figure 21 The straight line C3 in the diagram represents this.

[0289] Next, the desired displacement velocity V1 calculated in step S32 is stored (step S32A). Specifically, the desired displacement velocity V1 calculated in step S32 is stored in storage unit 207 in a manner associated with the current temperature DT1, the target temperature DT2, and the desired cooling rate DT3 (desired displacement velocity DT4). Note that the current temperature T1, the target temperature T2 set in step S30, and the desired cooling rate Vt set in step S31 are stored as the current temperature DT1, the target temperature DT2, and the desired cooling rate DT3, respectively.

[0290] Next, the position of point E is measured, and the actual displacement velocity V2 (measured value) is calculated (step S33). This is achieved by the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209. Specifically, the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209 calculates the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E (a specific location) based on the actual position of point E (measured at different times and corrected by the aforementioned correction value (Hm)) measured by the position measuring device 260. The actual displacement velocity V2 (measured value) of point E can be obtained, for example, by... Figure 21 The curve C4 in the figure is used to represent this.

[0291] Next, a cooling rate control process is performed (step S34). This cooling rate control process is used to control the cooling rate of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) so that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E calculated in step S33 follows (matches) the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E calculated in step S32, and is implemented by the temperature control unit 202. Since this cooling rate control process has been performed in the operation example 1 of the reaction apparatus 10A (see...), Figure 23 The explanation is provided in the document, therefore its description is omitted.

[0292] Repeat the above steps S33 and S34 until the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 reaches the target temperature T2 set in step S30 (step S35: no).

[0293] Next, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 reaches the target temperature T2 (step S35: Yes) and no temperature control mode (temperature control mode DT5) is stored in the storage unit 207 (step S36: No), the temperature control mode is stored in the storage unit 207 (temperature control mode DT5) (step S37). The temperature control mode stored here is the control mode of each heater actually controlled by the temperature control unit 202 until the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) reaches the target temperature T2 from the current temperature T1 in step S34, for example, information related to the current value flowing through each heater at each time. This temperature control mode is stored in the storage unit 207 in a manner that associates it with the current temperature DT1, the target temperature DT2, and the desired cooling rate DT3 (temperature control mode DT5).

[0294] Next, it is determined whether temperature control has been properly implemented (step S38). This is achieved, for example, by the control device 200 executing a predetermined program.

[0295] As a result, when it is determined that the temperature has been properly controlled (step S38: yes), the operation of the reaction apparatus 10C in Example 1 ends.

[0296] On the other hand, when it is determined that temperature control is not properly performed (step S38: No), the heater control conditions (temperature control mode stored in step S37) are corrected and overwritten (step S39), and the operation example 1 of the reaction apparatus 10C ends. This correction is achieved by the temperature control mode correction unit 291. Specifically, the temperature control mode correction unit 291 corrects the temperature control mode DT5 to make the displacement velocity (V1 or V2) of point E (specific part) of the reaction vessel 100 as high as possible. For example, the control modes of each heater actually controlled by the temperature control unit 202 until the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) reaches the target temperature DT2 from the current temperature DT1 are stored in the storage unit 207, etc. (multiple times). Then, the temperature control mode correction unit 291 stores (overwrites) one of the stored temperature control modes (multiple times) in which the displacement velocity (V1 or V2) becomes the highest into the storage unit 207 (temperature control mode DT5). In addition, the processing in steps S38 and S39 can be performed manually based on experience.

[0297] As described above, according to the operating example 1 of the reaction apparatus 10C, before the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 reaches the target temperature T2, the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E (refer to...). Figure 21 Thus, the first and second problems mentioned above are solved.

[0298] Furthermore, according to the operating example 1 of the reaction apparatus 10C, the following advantages are achieved by storing the temperature control mode in step S37.

[0299] That is, by storing the temperature control mode in step S37, when the same current temperature T1 and the same target temperature T2 are set in step S30 and the same expected cooling rate Vt is set in step S31, it is determined in step S31A that the stored settings exist (step S31A: Yes). That is, the expected displacement speed and temperature control mode corresponding to the current temperature T1 and target temperature T2 set in step S30 and the expected cooling rate Vt set in step S31 are stored in storage unit 207 (expected displacement speed DT4, temperature control mode DT5), and the expected displacement speed and temperature control mode (expected displacement speed DT4, temperature control mode DT5) are read from storage unit 207 (step S32B). The expected displacement speed and temperature control mode are used in the following processes. Therefore, it has the advantage of being able to omit the processes in steps S32 and S32A.

[0300] Furthermore, by performing steps S37 to S39, the following advantages are obtained. That is, even when the expected displacement speed and temperature control mode based on past experience have been read from storage unit 207, the actual displacement speed under the currently executed mode may not be exactly the same as in the past. Therefore, when the expected displacement speed and temperature control mode based on past experience has been executed, both the past displacement speed and the current displacement speed are stored in storage unit 207 (step S37). When a difference exists between them, it is determined whether the operator can tolerate the difference. When the difference is not tolerated, the operator appropriately corrects the control conditions (heater control conditions) and further stores (overwrites) the result in storage unit 207 (step S39). Therefore, the following advantages are achieved: storage unit 207 acquires new data for machine learning, and by comparing this new data with past data, this data can be used in calculations to find patterns in the temperature control mode.

[0301] <Example 2 of the operation of reaction apparatus 10C> Next, refer to Figure 34Example 2 of the operation of the reaction apparatus 10C will be described. Example 1 of the operation of the reaction apparatus 10C is an example of the cooling control of the reaction vessel 100, while Example 2 of the operation of the reaction apparatus 10C is an example of the heating control of the reaction vessel 100.

[0302] Figure 34 This is a flowchart of Operation Example 2 of Reactor 10C.

[0303] The following is an example of operation 2 of the reaction apparatus 10C, which describes the operation in which the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 is controlled to be increased from the current temperature of 500°C to the target temperature of 1000°C (heating control).

[0304] First, set the current temperature T1 (500°C), the target temperature T2 (1000°C), and the desired cooling rate Vt (e.g., 1°C / minute) (steps S40-S41). This is, for example, set manually by the operator.

[0305] Next, when no set value is stored (step S41A: No), that is, when the storage unit 207 does not store a temperature control mode (temperature control mode DT5) corresponding to the current temperature T1 and the target temperature T2, the desired displacement velocity V1 is calculated (step S42). This is implemented, for example, by the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208. Specifically, the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 calculates the displacement velocity (desired displacement velocity V1) of point E of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) when the temperature is controlled to change from the current temperature T1 to the target temperature T2 at a desired cooling rate Vt. At this time, the first displacement velocity calculation unit 208 calculates the desired cooling rate Vt, for example, by considering the thermal expansion coefficient and other material properties of the various components forming the reaction vessel 100. This desired displacement velocity V1 (calculated value) can be calculated, for example, by... Figure 25 The straight line C5 in the diagram represents this.

[0306] Next, the desired displacement velocity V1 calculated in step S42 is stored (step S42A). Specifically, the desired displacement velocity V1 calculated in step S42 is stored in storage unit 207 in a manner associated with the current temperature DT1, the target temperature DT2, and the desired cooling rate DT3 (desired displacement velocity DT4). The current temperature T1, the target temperature T2 set in step S40, and the desired cooling rate Vt set in step S31 are stored as the current temperature DT1, the target temperature DT2, and the desired cooling rate DT3.

[0307] Next, the position of point E is measured, and the actual displacement velocity V2 (measured value) is calculated (step S43). This is achieved by the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209. Specifically, the second displacement velocity calculation unit 209 calculates the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E (a specific location) based on the actual position of point E (measured at different times and corrected by the aforementioned correction value (Hm)) measured by the position measuring device 260. The actual displacement velocity V2 (measured value) of point E can be obtained, for example, by... Figure 25 The curve C6 in the figure is used to represent this.

[0308] Next, a heating rate control process is performed (step S44). This heating rate control process is used to control the heating rate of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) so that the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E calculated in step S43 follows (matches) the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E calculated in step S42, and is implemented by the temperature control unit 202. Since this heating rate control process has been performed before in operation example 2 of the reaction apparatus 10A (see...), Figure 26 The explanation is provided in the document, therefore its description is omitted.

[0309] Repeat the above steps S43 and S44 until the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 reaches the target temperature T2 set in step S40 (step S45: no).

[0310] Next, when the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 reaches the target temperature T2 (step S45: Yes) and no temperature control mode (temperature control mode DT5) is stored in the storage unit 207 (step S46: No), the temperature control mode is stored in the storage unit 207 (temperature control mode DT5) (step S47). The temperature control mode stored here is the control mode of each heater actually controlled by the temperature control unit 202 in step S44 until the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) reaches the target temperature T2 from the current temperature T1, for example, information related to the current value flowing through each heater at each time. This temperature control mode is stored in the storage unit 207 in a manner that associates it with the current temperature DT1, the target temperature DT2, and the desired cooling rate DT3 (temperature control mode DT5).

[0311] Next, it is determined whether temperature control has been properly implemented (step S48). This is achieved, for example, by the control device 200 executing a predetermined program.

[0312] As a result, when it is determined that the temperature has been properly controlled (step S48: yes), the operation of the reaction apparatus 10C in Example 2 ends.

[0313] On the other hand, when it is determined that the temperature control is not properly performed (step S48: No), the heater control conditions (the temperature control mode stored in step S47) are corrected and overwritten (step S49), and the operation example 2 of the reaction apparatus 10C ends. This correction is achieved by the temperature control mode correction unit 291. Specifically, the temperature control mode correction unit 291 corrects the temperature control mode DT5 so that the displacement velocity (V1 or V2) of point E (specific part) of the reaction vessel 100 becomes as high as possible. For example, the control modes of each heater actually controlled by the temperature control unit 202 until the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 (intermediate part A3) reaches the target temperature DT2 from the current temperature DT1 are stored in the storage unit 207, etc. (multiple times). Then, the temperature control mode correction unit 291 stores (overwrites) one of the stored temperature control modes (multiple times) in which the displacement velocity (V1 or V2) becomes the highest into the storage unit 207 (temperature control mode DT5). In addition, the processing in steps S48 and S49 can be performed manually based on experience.

[0314] As described above, according to the operating example 2 of the reaction apparatus 10C, before the temperature of the reaction vessel 100 reaches the target temperature T2, the actual displacement velocity V2 of point E follows the desired displacement velocity V1 of point E (refer to...). Figure 25 Thus, the first and second problems mentioned above are solved.

[0315] Furthermore, according to the operating example 2 of the reaction apparatus 10C, the following advantages are achieved by storing the temperature control mode in step S37.

[0316] That is, by storing the temperature control mode in step S47, when the same current temperature T1 and the same target temperature T2 are set in step S40 and the same expected heating rate Vt is set in step S41, it is determined in step S41A that the stored settings exist (step S41A: Yes). That is, the expected displacement speed and temperature control mode corresponding to the current temperature T1 and target temperature T2 set in step S40 and the expected heating rate Vt set in step S31 are stored in storage unit 207 (expected displacement speed DT4, temperature control mode DT5), and the expected displacement speed and temperature control mode (expected displacement speed DT4, temperature control mode DT5) are read from storage unit 207 (step S42B). The expected displacement speed and temperature control mode are used in the following processes. Therefore, it has the advantage of being able to omit the processes in steps S42 and S42A.

[0317] Furthermore, by performing steps S47 to S49, the following advantages are obtained. That is, even when the expected displacement speed and temperature control mode based on past experience have been read from storage unit 207, the actual displacement speed under the currently executed mode may not be exactly the same as in the past. Therefore, when the expected displacement speed and temperature control mode based on past experience has been executed, both the past displacement speed and the current displacement speed are stored in storage unit 207 (step S47). When a difference exists between them, it is determined whether the operator can tolerate the difference. When the difference is not tolerated, the operator appropriately corrects the control conditions (heater control conditions) and further stores (overwrites) the result in storage unit 207 (step S49). Therefore, the following advantages are achieved: storage unit 207 acquires new data for machine learning, and by comparing this new data with past data, this data can be used in calculations to find patterns in the temperature control mode.

[0318] In the operation example 2 of the reaction apparatus 10C, the above-mentioned <Emergency Treatment Example 1> to <Emergency Treatment Example 3> can also be applied. Therefore, in the operation example 2 of the reaction apparatus 10C, the above-mentioned problem 3 is also solved.

[0319] Although the invention made by the inventors has been specifically described with reference to the embodiments, the invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0320] For example, in the above embodiments, an example of applying the reaction apparatus according to the present disclosure to a reaction apparatus 10 (10A-10C) including a reaction vessel 100, which includes one end side A1 supported by a first support 103 (fixed support) in a non-movable state, and another end side A2 supported by a second support 104 (movable support) in a movable state. However, this is only one example. For example, the reaction apparatus according to the present disclosure can be applied to a reaction apparatus 10 (10A-10C) including a reaction vessel (not shown), in which one end side A1 and the other end side A2 are supported in a movable state (movable support).

[0321] This application is based on and claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-158236, filed on September 22, 2023, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0322] List of reference numerals Reaction apparatus 10, 10A, 10B, 10C 100 Reaction Vessel 101 Supply Port 102 Delivery Port 103 First Support Section 104 Second Support 104 convex part 104 Upper surface 104c, 104d Erecting section Bearings 106 and 107 108 cover 109 Flange 109a recess 109b lower surface 109c, 109d protrusions 110 Temperature Control Zone 111 Friction Reduction Components Bearings 112 and 113 114 Flange portion 116 Reaction Vessel Drive Unit 120 screw 121 convex part 130 First Fluid Control Region 131 First Fluid Inlet 132 First Fluid Outlet 133 First fluid supply pipe 134 First Valve 140 Second Fluid Control Region 141 Second Fluid Inlet 142 Second fluid outlet 143 Second fluid supply pipe 144 Second Valve 150 drive unit 151 motor 152 Reducer 170 Floor Surface 200 control device 201 Overall Control Unit 202 Temperature Control Unit 203 Screw Rotation Control Unit 204 First Fluid Control Unit 205 Second Fluid Control Unit 206 IF Control Unit 207 storage units 210 Temperature control device 230 First Fluid Control Device 240 Second Fluid Control Device 250 Information Input / Output Units A1 One end side A2 on the other end A3 Middle Section B1 One end side B2 other end side E Specific part G1-G4 gap R10 Substance to be processed R11 product

Claims

1. A reaction apparatus, comprising: A cylindrical reaction vessel, comprising an intermediate section between a supply section and a conveying section; A temperature control unit is configured to control the temperature of the intermediate section; The supply unit and the conveying unit are configured to supply the substance to be processed to the reaction vessel and the conveying unit is configured to convey the product from the reaction vessel. as well as A conveying mechanism is configured to convey the substance to be processed from the side of the reaction vessel near the supply section through the intermediate section to the side of the reaction vessel near the conveying section, wherein... The temperature control unit controls the heating or cooling rate of the intermediate section so that the actual displacement rate of a specific part of the reaction vessel follows the desired displacement rate of that specific part of the reaction vessel.

2. The reaction apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: A displacement velocity storage unit, configured to store the desired displacement velocity of the specific portion; A position measuring device configured to measure the actual position of the specific portion of the reaction vessel; as well as A displacement velocity calculation unit is configured to calculate the actual displacement velocity of the specific part based on the actual position of the specific part as measured by the position measuring device.

3. The reaction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The reaction vessel includes a protrusion extending from its center along its length, and The specific portion is the front end side of the protrusion.

4. The reaction apparatus according to claim 3, wherein, The displacement velocity calculation unit calculates the actual displacement velocity of the specific part based on the actual position of the specific part measured by the position measuring device and the correction value.

5. The reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The desired displacement velocity is the displacement velocity that is considered to minimize the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part of the reaction vessel.

6. The reaction apparatus according to claim 3, wherein, The position measuring device is a contact position measuring device including a contact probe that contacts the front end side of the protrusion.

7. The reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The temperature control unit controls the heating or cooling rate of the intermediate part to increase when the deviation between the actual displacement speed of the specific part and the desired displacement speed of the specific part is a positive deviation, and controls the heating or cooling rate of the intermediate part to decrease when the deviation between the actual displacement speed of the specific part and the desired displacement speed of the specific part is a negative deviation.

8. The reaction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, It also includes a temperature control mode storage unit, which stores the temperature control modes executed by the temperature control unit. The temperature control unit controls the heating or cooling rate of the intermediate part based on the temperature control mode.

9. The reaction apparatus according to claim 8, wherein, It also includes a temperature control mode correction unit configured to correct the temperature control mode so that the temperature deviation between the upper part of the reaction vessel and the lower part of the reaction vessel is minimized and the displacement velocity of the specific portion is maximized.

10. The reaction apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, The temperature control mode correction unit corrects the temperature control mode based on the results of machine learning.

11. The reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes an emergency operation control unit configured to perform emergency procedures to prevent the reaction device from becoming inoperable. Specifically, when the temperature control unit controls the heating rate of the intermediate part and a predetermined condition is met, the emergency operation control unit performs the emergency handling.

12. The reaction apparatus according to claim 11, wherein, The predetermined condition is met when the time change of the position of the specific part of the reaction vessel becomes negative.

13. The reaction apparatus according to claim 11, wherein, The predetermined condition is met when the deviation between the expected displacement velocity and the actual displacement velocity exceeds a threshold.

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