Wood dust filtering and purifying device for wood product processing

Abstract

The invention discloses a wood chip dust filtering and purifying device for wood product processing, and relates to the technical field of dust filtering, the device comprises an outer box body, a cylinder body and a central settling cylinder concentrically arranged in the cylinder body; a tangential feeding pipe is arranged at the upper end of the central settling cylinder, the bottom is connected with a dust collecting hopper, and a negative-pressure dust guide pipe is arranged in the center of the top end and communicated to the lower annular cavity of the cylinder through a flow guide pipe; an annular hole plate is rotationally connected between the cylinder body and the central settling cylinder in a sealing manner; a plurality of cage type filter bag units extending into the annular cavity are annularly arrayed on the annular hole plate; a power assembly for driving the annular hole plate to rotate is arranged on the cylinder body, and the top of the cylinder body exhausts air through a negative-pressure fan; pre-separation of large-particle wood chips is achieved through the center settling cylinder, uniform distribution of filter loads is achieved through the rotating filter bag array, efficient dry-type cleaning can be conducted on the filter bags through a composite ash removal unit combining high-pressure air blowing and mechanical scrubbing, and therefore the filter has the advantages of being high in filter efficiency, stable in operation and convenient to maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wood dust filtration technology, and specifically discloses a wood dust filtration and purification device for wood product processing. Background Technology

[0002] The processing of wooden furniture and handicrafts generates a large amount of sawdust, especially in the processing of wooden handicrafts. The carving, hollowing, fine sanding, and polishing processes not only produce regular shavings and chips, but also a significant amount of lightweight, fine wood dust. This sawdust remains suspended and diffused in the workshop air for extended periods, severely polluting the working environment and posing a health hazard to employees. Therefore, the efficient collection and filtration of sawdust generated during processing is an urgent environmental and safety issue to be addressed in wood product manufacturing.

[0003] Currently, the industry commonly uses dust collection hoods in conjunction with simple bag filters to purify wood dust. For example, utility model patent application number 202121221142.2 discloses a dust removal device for furniture processing, which adopts an integrated approach of "absorption chamber device - purification device - discharge device". It attempts to filter large particles of debris through filter bags, and uses a water tank and U-shaped pipe to spray water for humidification to adsorb fine dust. Finally, it is sterilized by a sterilizing lamp before being discharged. However, in-depth analysis revealed that this hybrid wet and dry filtration design has the following significant drawbacks when dealing with specific dust generated during the processing of wooden handicrafts: First, the device collects and mixes large wood chips with fine powder. The simultaneous impact of large chips and fine dust on the filter bags causes the filter bag surface to be quickly clogged by large particles, while the fine dust adheres deeply, resulting in a sharp increase in filtration resistance in a short period of time. Second, the device uses a U-shaped tube to spray water into the airflow to humidify and adsorb fine dust. However, for wood dust, increased humidity significantly increases the adhesion of the dust, causing the damp wood chips to easily adhere and clump together on the surface of the filter bag fibers, forming a dense and firm dust cake. This wet dust cake is difficult to remove effectively using conventional mechanical shaking or airflow backflushing. Third, the dust airflow is delivered from one side, preventing the multiple fixed filter bags from making uniform contact with the dust airflow. As a result, the filter bags closer to the dust airflow inlet bear most of the filtration and purification work, while the filter bags farther away from the dust airflow inlet are almost idle. Therefore, in view of the technical problems and deficiencies of baghouse dust collectors with transmission and existing dust removal devices for furniture processing, this application proposes a wood dust filtration and purification device for wood product processing that can effectively solve the above-mentioned technical problems and deficiencies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wood dust filtration and purification device for wood product processing, in order to solve the problems in the prior art, such as the rapid clogging of filter bags, the surge in resistance, and the need for frequent maintenance caused by the mixing of large wood dust particles with fine dust; the increased adhesion of wood dust due to humidification treatment, which easily forms dust cakes on the surface of the filter bags that are difficult to remove; and the uneven distribution of dust airflow caused by the fixed filter bag layout, resulting in some filter bags being overloaded while others are idle, thus reducing the overall filtration efficiency and service life.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A wood dust filtration and purification device for wood product processing includes an outer casing and a cylinder disposed in the outer casing. A dust collection hopper is connected to the bottom of the cylinder. A central settling cylinder is concentrically arranged inside the cylinder. A feed pipe along the tangential direction is provided at the upper end of the central settling cylinder. A dust collection hopper is connected to the bottom of the central settling cylinder. A negative pressure dust induction pipe is provided at the center of the top of the central settling cylinder. The upper end of the negative pressure dust induction pipe is connected to the annular cavity at the bottom of the cylinder through a guide pipe. A perforated plate is sealed and rotates between the cylinder and the central settling cylinder. Multiple cage-type filter bag units arranged in a ring array and with their lower ends extending into the annular cavity are installed on the perforated plate. A power assembly for driving the perforated plate to rotate around the central axis is provided on the cylinder. A negative pressure fan is connected to the top of the cylinder through an exhaust pipe.

[0006] As a further provision of the above scheme, a high-pressure airflow filter bag cleaning unit is also included. The high-pressure airflow filter bag cleaning unit includes a compressed air tank installed on the outer casing and a high-pressure air pipe connected to the compressed air tank. The high-pressure air pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve, and the end of the high-pressure air pipe extends into the top of the inner cavity of the cylinder and is positioned directly opposite the upper opening of the cage-type filter bag unit.

[0007] As a further provision of the above solution, a filter bag washing mechanism corresponding to the position of the high-pressure air pipe nozzle is also included. The filter bag washing mechanism includes a linear slide rail fixed vertically on the inner wall of the cylinder, an adjusting screw driven by a screw motor and parallel to the linear slide rail, and a slider threadedly engaged with the adjusting screw. A brush ring with flexible bristles on the inner ring is fixedly connected to the slider. The inner diameter of the brush ring is larger than the outer diameter of the cage-type filter bag unit.

[0008] As a further feature of the above solution, the filter bag washing mechanism is located on the side away from the guide pipe and the cylinder.

[0009] As a further feature of the above solution, the adjusting screw is fitted with a corrugated protective tube to isolate the adjusting screw from dust in the environment.

[0010] As a further provision of the above scheme, a flange plate is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder, a first annular slide rail is provided on the upper surface of the flange plate, a second annular slide rail corresponding to the first annular slide rail is provided on the outer circular surface of the central settling cylinder, and the annular plate is rotatably and sealingly disposed between the first annular slide rail and the second annular slide rail.

[0011] As a further provision of the above scheme, a concentric toothed ring is concentrically fixed on the upper surface of the annular plate, and the power component includes a motor, on which a gear meshes with the concentric toothed ring is provided.

[0012] As a further feature of the above scheme, the lower end of the chip collection hopper is provided with a discharge gate valve that can simultaneously open or seal the lower ends of the chip collection hopper and the dust collection hopper.

[0013] As a further feature of the above solution, a support frame is also included. The support frame is located at the bottom of the outer casing to provide stable support for the entire device, and a control box is also installed on the support frame.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The wood dust filtration and purification device disclosed in this invention, on the one hand, utilizes a tangential feeding central settling cylinder design to pre-separate the dust-laden airflow using centrifugal force, ensuring that most large wood dust particles are collected before entering the filter bags. This effectively prevents the filter bag pores from being rapidly blocked by large particles, greatly reducing the filtration pressure on the filter bags and extending their service life. On the other hand, a rotatable annular plate drives multiple cage-type filter bag units to rotate periodically, allowing all filter bags to be exposed to the high-concentration dust airflow area in turn and evenly. This dynamic and uniform distribution design avoids the problem of "local overload and overall failure" that exists in traditional fixed filter bag layouts, ensuring the balanced utilization of the capacity of all filter bag units, thereby maintaining the long-term, stable, and highly efficient filtration performance of the system.

[0015] The wood dust filtration and purification device disclosed in this invention also integrates a composite cleaning system combining mechanical brushing and high-pressure air blowing. For easily adhering and caking wood dust, it first uses a brush ring with flexible bristles to physically scrape and effectively break down and remove the caking dust layer on the filter bag surface. Then, a high-pressure airflow is used to reverse the blowing, thoroughly removing residual dust and dust embedded deep within the filter bag fibers. This "mechanical first, pneumatic second" dry cleaning method avoids the secondary adhesion problems caused by wet cleaning, resulting in thorough cleaning and efficient restoration of the filter bag's permeability.

[0016] The wood dust filtration and purification device disclosed in this invention integrates functions such as sedimentation, filtration, dust removal, and collection into one unit, resulting in a compact structural design. Furthermore, the dust removal process can be automatically or semi-automatically controlled (e.g., triggered by timed or differential pressure), and maintenance only requires periodic cleaning of the collected dust through the bottom discharge gate valve, significantly reducing the intensity of manual operation and the frequency of maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the cylinder, chip collection hopper, etc. in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the cylinder, central settling cylinder, etc., in this invention from the first angle. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal second-angle three-dimensional structure of the cylinder, central settling cylinder, etc. in this invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the perforated plate and cage-type filter bag unit in this invention. Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the filter bag washing mechanism in the cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the slider, brush ring, etc. in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The following will refer to the appendix... Figures 1-7 This application will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments. Example 1

[0021] Example 1 discloses a wood dust filtration and purification device for wood product processing. This device is used for filtering and purifying high-concentration wood dust and mixed dust generated during the cutting, milling, and sanding processes of wooden furniture and wooden handicrafts.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the main body of the wood dust filtration and purification device includes an outer casing 10. A support frame 20 is provided at the lower end of the outer casing 10 for overall stability support, and a control box 30 for controlling the entire device is provided at the upper end of the support frame 20. A cylinder 40 is provided inside the outer casing 10. The upper end of the cylinder 40 extends out of the outer casing 10, and the lower end of the cylinder 40 is connected to a chip collection hopper 41 extending out of the outer casing 10. A discharge gate valve 42 is connected to the lower end of the chip collection hopper 41.

[0023] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, a central settling cylinder 50 is concentrically fixed inside the cylinder 40. The lower end of the central settling cylinder 50 is connected to a dust collection hopper 51 that extends to the discharge gate valve 42. A feed pipe 52, arranged tangentially to the upper outer surface of the central settling cylinder 50, extends out of the cylinder 40 and the outer casing 10 and connects to a dust collection hood (not shown in the figure) on the corresponding machining equipment. A negative pressure dust collection pipe 53, arranged along the central axis, is provided at the center of the top of the central settling cylinder 50. The lower end of the negative pressure dust collection pipe 53 extends to the horizontal position where the dust collection hopper 51 connects to the central settling cylinder 50. The upper end of the negative pressure dust collection pipe 53 extends out of the cylinder 40 and the outer casing 10 and is connected to the lower end of the cylinder 40 through a guide pipe 54.

[0024] A flange plate 43 is provided on the upper end of the inner wall of the cylinder 40. A first annular slide rail 44 is provided on the upper surface of the flange plate 43. A second annular slide rail 45 corresponding to the first annular slide rail 44 is also provided on the outer circumference of the central settling cylinder 50. An annular perforated plate 60 is rotatably connected between the first annular slide rail 44 and the second annular slide rail 45 to ensure the airtightness of the upper and lower sections during rotation. Multiple mounting holes are provided in an annular array on the annular perforated plate 60, and a downwardly extending cage-type filter bag unit 61 is provided in each mounting hole, so that all cage-type filter bag units 61 are located in the annular space between the central settling cylinder 50 and the cylinder 40.

[0025] Meanwhile, a concentric toothed ring 62 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the annular plate 60, and a power assembly 63 consisting of a motor, gears, and a gear cover is installed on the outer surface of the cylinder 40. The gears on the power assembly 63 extend into the cylinder 40 through the notch and mesh with the concentric toothed ring 62. At the same time, the design of the gear cover ensures the airtightness of the entire cylinder 40.

[0026] Finally, the entire wood dust filtration and purification device also includes a high-power negative pressure fan 70. The exhaust end of the negative pressure fan 70 is connected to an exhaust pipe 71, and the end of the exhaust pipe 71 extends into the outer casing 10 and connects to the upper end of the cylinder 40.

[0027] In the operation of the sawdust filtration and purification device disclosed in Embodiment 1, high-concentration sawdust and mixed dust generated during the wood product processing will be sent into the device under negative pressure suction.

[0028] First, the wood dust enters the central settling cylinder 50 tangentially through the feed pipe 52. Then, it moves in a spiral motion in the central settling cylinder 50 with the airflow. Due to the difference in centrifugal force, the large wood dust particles settle and eventually fall into the dust collection hopper 41, while the small dust particles enter the filtration zone below the annular plate 60 along the negative pressure dust inlet pipe 53 and the guide pipe 54.

[0029] Dust entering the filtration zone is filtered and purified by the cage filter bag unit 61. The purified airflow is then sent out by the negative pressure fan 70 along the exhaust pipe 71. The dust in the airflow is trapped by the cage filter bag unit 61 and eventually falls into the dust collection hopper 51 due to gravity. It then gathers with the wood chips at the bottom of the chip collection hopper 41 at the discharge gate valve 42. The dust can then be cleaned out by periodically opening the discharge gate valve 42.

[0030] In addition, in order to ensure that all cage filter bag units 61 can achieve a uniform filtration effect on the dust airflow, this embodiment 1 also periodically starts the power component 63, so that the annular plate 60 and the cage filter bag units 61 installed on it are rotated by a set angle under the gear meshing transmission, so that each cage filter bag unit 61 can be directly aligned with the air outlet of the guide pipe 54 one after another, ensuring that all cage filter bag units 61 can achieve a good filtration effect. Example 2

[0031] Example 2 discloses a wood dust filtration and purification device for wood product processing that is optimized and improved based on the technical solution in Example 1. The similarities between it and Example 1 will not be described again.

[0032] The differences between Example 2 and Example 1 are as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment 2 is also provided with a high-pressure airflow filter bag cleaning unit 80 and a filter bag brushing mechanism 90. The high-pressure airflow filter bag cleaning unit 80 and the filter bag brushing mechanism 90 regularly clean the cage filter bag unit 61, which can effectively ensure the filtration effect of the cage filter bag unit 61 during long-term operation.

[0033] The high-pressure airflow filter bag cleaning unit 80 includes a compressed air tank 81 installed on the outer surface of the outer casing 10. A high-pressure air pipe 82 is connected to the compressed air tank 81, and a solenoid valve is also installed on the high-pressure air pipe 82. The end of the high-pressure air pipe 82 extends to the upper end of the inner cavity of the cylinder 40, facing the upper opening of a cage-type filter bag unit 61 on the side away from the guide pipe 54.

[0034] The filter bag brushing mechanism 90 and the high-pressure air pipe 82 are both configured for the same cage-type filter bag unit 61. It includes a linear slide rail 91 vertically fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder 40. Supports 92 are welded to the inner walls of the cylinder 40 at both ends of the linear slide rail 91. An adjusting screw 93 is rotatably mounted between the two supports 92, and a screw motor 94 is connected to the end of the adjusting screw 93. A slider 95 is slidably mounted on the upper limit of the linear slide rail 91. The slider 95 has a threaded hole 951 adapted to the adjusting screw 93. A brush ring 96 with a hole diameter larger than the outer diameter of the cage-type filter bag unit 61 is fixedly connected to the radial inner end of the slider 95, and a large number of flexible bristles 97 are provided on the inner surface of the brush ring 96. Furthermore, to prevent dust in the airflow from affecting the transmission between the adjusting screw 93 and the slider 95, a corrugated telescopic tube (not shown in the figure) can be fitted over the adjusting screw 93 to isolate it from dust in the environment.

[0035] In the operation of the wood dust filtration and purification device disclosed in Embodiment 2, every certain period of time (or when the differential pressure sensor at both ends of the cage filter bag unit 61 detects a decrease in filtration effect), the corresponding cage filter bag unit 61 is rotated and moved between the end of the high-pressure air pipe 82 and the brush ring 96 via the perforated plate 60. Then, the screw motor 94 is started to move the brush ring 96 up and down along the cage filter bag unit 61 several times, and during the movement, the flexible bristles 97 clean off most of the dust adhering to its outer surface. Then, the solenoid valve is opened to allow the high-pressure airflow in the compressed air tank 81 to rush into the cage filter bag unit 61, and to flush the dust remaining on the outer surface of the cage filter bag unit 61 once, so that the cage filter bag unit 61, which originally had poor filtration effect, can regain a good filtration effect and be put into subsequent dust filtration.

[0036] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wood dust filtration and purification device for wood product processing, comprising an outer casing and a cylindrical body disposed within the outer casing, wherein a dust collection hopper is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical body, characterized in that, The cylinder has a central settling cylinder arranged concentrically inside. The upper end of the central settling cylinder is provided with a feed pipe along the tangential direction. The bottom of the central settling cylinder is connected to a dust collection hopper. The top center of the central settling cylinder is provided with a negative pressure dust inlet pipe. The upper end of the negative pressure dust inlet pipe is connected to the annular cavity at the bottom of the cylinder through a guide pipe. A perforated plate is sealed and rotates between the cylinder and the central settling cylinder. Multiple cage-type filter bag units arranged in a ring array and with their lower ends extending into the annular cavity are installed on the perforated plate. A power assembly for driving the perforated plate to rotate around the central axis is provided on the cylinder. A negative pressure fan is connected to the top of the cylinder through an exhaust pipe.

2. The sawdust filtration and purification device for wood product processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a high-pressure airflow filter bag cleaning unit, which includes a compressed air tank installed on the outer casing and a high-pressure air pipe connected to the compressed air tank. The high-pressure air pipe is equipped with a solenoid valve, and the end of the high-pressure air pipe extends into the top of the inner cavity of the cylinder and is positioned directly opposite the upper opening of the cage-type filter bag unit.

3. The sawdust filtration and purification device for wood product processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a filter bag washing mechanism that corresponds vertically to the position of the high-pressure air pipe nozzle. The filter bag washing mechanism includes a linear slide rail fixed vertically on the inner wall of the cylinder, an adjusting screw driven by a screw motor and parallel to the linear slide rail, and a slider threadedly engaged with the adjusting screw. A brush ring with flexible bristles on the inner ring is fixedly connected to the slider. The inner diameter of the brush ring is larger than the outer diameter of the cage filter bag unit.

4. The sawdust filtration and purification device for wood product processing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filter bag washing mechanism is located on the side away from the guide pipe and the cylinder.

5. The sawdust filtration and purification device for wood product processing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjusting screw is fitted with a corrugated protective tube to isolate it from dust in the environment.

6. The sawdust filtration and purification device for wood product processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flange plate is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder, and a first annular slide rail is provided on the upper surface of the flange plate. A second annular slide rail corresponding to the first annular slide rail is provided on the outer circular surface of the central settling cylinder. The annular plate is rotatably and sealingly disposed between the first annular slide rail and the second annular slide rail.

7. The sawdust filtration and purification device for wood product processing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper surface of the annular plate is concentrically fixed with a concentric toothed ring, and the power assembly includes a motor with a gear meshing with the concentric toothed ring.

8. The sawdust filtration and purification device for wood product processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the chip collection hopper is equipped with a discharge gate valve that can simultaneously open or seal the lower ends of the chip collection hopper and the dust collection hopper.

9. The sawdust filtration and purification device for wood product processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a support frame, which is set at the bottom of the outer casing for stable support of the entire device, and a control box is also set on the support frame.

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