Crawler-type hoist for polar expeditions

Abstract

The application discloses a polar scientific expedition crawler type hoisting device, and belongs to the technical field of hoisting equipment.The polar scientific expedition crawler type hoisting device comprises a crane, a winding drum and a transmission shaft, the winding drum and the transmission shaft are rotationally connected to the crane, the transmission shaft and the winding drum are driven by a belt and pulley, the crane is fixedly connected with a positioning rod, the positioning rod is slidably connected with a positioning frame, the positioning frame is detachably connected with a fixing frame, the fixing frame is detachably connected with a main mounting shell and a vice mounting shell, the main mounting shell and the vice mounting shell are rotationally connected with an adjusting ring in common, the adjusting ring is provided with a mounting piece, and the mounting piece is rotationally connected with a roller.The friction transmission between the roller capable of adjusting the inclination angle and the transmission shaft is used as the power for guiding the movement of the steel wire rope, so that when the steel wire rope and the winding drum are worn, the inclination angle of the roller can be adjusted, the movement of the wire guide is matched with the steel wire rope, the probability of the disorder of the arrangement of the steel wire rope is reduced, and the polar hoisting operation risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lifting equipment technology, and in particular to a tracked lifting device for polar scientific research. Background Technology

[0002] When conducting comprehensive scientific expeditions in the harsh polar environments, heavy equipment such as crawler cranes is often required to complete tasks such as lifting materials and installing large equipment. During crawler crane operations, the winch mechanism rotates to wind and unwind the wire rope. To ensure that the wire rope is evenly wound on the drum surface, a rope guide is usually equipped next to the winch mechanism. The rope guide achieves a fixed transmission ratio with the drum shaft through a transmission mechanism consisting of a reciprocating screw, pulley, and belt. However, in actual operation, the radial pressure, tangential friction, and transmitted impact loads applied by the wire rope, coupled with the harsh polar environment, all contribute to the challenges. The long-term corrosive effects of the humid salt spray environment cause wear on the drum and wire rope. When wear occurs but before it reaches the replacement standard, the reduction in wire rope diameter and uneven wear on the drum surface will increase the number of turns per layer. This change causes an imbalance in the motion matching relationship between the rope guide and the wire rope, making it impossible for the rope guide to accurately control the uniform winding of the wire rope. This leads to problems such as disordered wire rope arrangement, mutual compression, and even jamming. This not only aggravates the wear of the wire rope and drum, but also significantly increases the safety risks of polar lifting operations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a tracked lifting device for polar scientific research, which overcomes the disadvantage that the movement relationship between the rope guide and the wire rope becomes unbalanced due to wear on the drum and wire rope of the tracked crane, leading to increased operational risks.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a tracked lifting device for polar scientific research, comprising: a crane, a drum, and a drive shaft. The drum and the drive shaft are rotatably connected to the crane. The drive shaft and the drum are driven by pulleys and belts. A positioning rod is fixedly connected to the crane near the drive shaft. The positioning rod is slidably connected to a positioning frame. The positioning frame is detachably connected to a fixing frame. The fixing frame is detachably connected to a main mounting shell and a secondary mounting shell. The main mounting shell and the secondary mounting shell are detachably connected. The fixing frame, the main mounting shell, and the secondary mounting shell are all slidably connected to the drive shaft. An adjusting ring is rotatably connected to both the main mounting shell and the secondary mounting shell. An installation component is provided in the adjusting ring. A roller is rotatably connected to the installation component. There is an angle between the central axis of the roller and the horizontal plane. The roller contacts the drive shaft and is driven by friction. A detection mechanism for monitoring the tilt angle between the wire rope and the drum is provided on the main mounting shell.

[0005] Furthermore, the detection mechanism includes: a swinging member, a guide member, a sliding member, and a friction plate. The swinging member is rotatably connected to the main mounting housing, and a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the swinging member and the main mounting housing. The guide member is hinged to the swinging member at a position away from the main mounting housing. The rotation axis of the swinging member is spatially perpendicular to but does not intersect with the rotation axis of the guide member. The guide member is used to guide the wire rope to wind onto the surface of the drum. The sliding member slides within the main mounting housing and the secondary mounting housing, and contacts the adjusting ring to drive the adjusting ring to rotate. The friction plate is fixedly connected to the sliding member and contacts the swinging member. The swinging member drives the sliding member to move through the friction between itself and the friction plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the main mounting housing is slidably connected to a slide rod, and a V-shaped spring is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod near the adjusting ring. An arc-shaped spring is fixedly connected between the V-shaped spring and the main mounting housing. A pressing block is detachably connected to the adjusting ring near the V-shaped spring. The V-shaped spring contacts the pressing block and is used to restrict the rotation of the adjusting ring by the pressing block.

[0007] Furthermore, the elastic coefficient of the arc-shaped spring is greater than that of the V-shaped spring.

[0008] Furthermore, push rods are slidably connected inside both the main mounting housing and the auxiliary mounting housing. A protruding rod is fixedly connected to the extrusion block. The push rod is used to extrude the protruding rod to drive the adjusting ring to rotate. Two limiting rings are fixedly connected to the transmission shaft. The limiting rings are used to extrude adjacent push rods into the main mounting housing and the auxiliary mounting housing. Two symmetrically distributed extrusion rods are fixedly connected to the crane. The extrusion rods are used to change the tilt angle of the swinging component.

[0009] Furthermore, the length of the push rod is greater than half the distance between the opposite sides of the main mounting housing and the secondary mounting housing, and the length of the push rod is less than the maximum distance between the protrusion and the opposite sides of the main mounting housing and the secondary mounting housing.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper sides of the main mounting shell and the auxiliary mounting shell are detachably connected to a mounting bracket, the mounting bracket is rotatably connected to a guide wheel, and the upper part of the mounting bracket is provided with a limiting part, which is used to limit the wire rope.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjusting ring is rotatably connected to the mounting component, and a buffer torsion spring is fixedly connected between the adjusting ring and the mounting component.

[0012] Furthermore, an angle sensor is installed between the main mounting housing and the swinging component.

[0013] Furthermore, the surface of the drive shaft is knurled to increase the friction between the drive shaft and the roller.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention relies on the friction transmission between the roller with adjustable tilt angle and the drive shaft as the power to guide the movement of the wire rope. In this way, when the wire rope and the drum wear, the movement of the rope guide can be matched with the movement of the wire rope by adjusting the tilt angle of the roller, thereby reducing the probability of wire rope disorder and reducing the risk of polar hoisting operations.

[0015] The wire rope is guided to wind onto the drum surface by the swinging component and the guide component, and the state of the wire rope relative to the drum is sensed. When the winding position of the wire rope lags behind the real-time position of the main mounting shell due to wear, the swinging component is driven to swing by the wire rope, and the adjusting ring is rotated by its own transmission. This causes the roller to tilt to slow down the movement speed of the main mounting shell, so that the real-time position of the main mounting shell is rematched with the winding position of the wire rope.

[0016] By using a buffer torsion spring to drive the adjusting ring and the mounting component, when the roller and the drive shaft are stationary, the rotation of the adjusting ring cannot change the tilt angle of the roller. Only when the roller begins to roll along the drive shaft can the roller change its tilt angle under the torque of the buffer torsion spring. This reduces unnecessary wear on the roller, thereby reducing the wear rate of the roller. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drum and drive shaft of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of the three-dimensional structure of the drum and drive shaft of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main mounting shell and the secondary mounting shell of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the swing component and guide component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main mounting shell and adjusting ring of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the adjusting ring, mounting component, and roller of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjusting ring and mounting component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the extrusion block and protrusion rod of the present invention.

[0026] The labels in the diagram are as follows: 100. Wire rope; 1. Crane; 2. Drum; 3. Drive shaft; 4. Positioning rod; 5. Positioning frame; 6. Fixing frame; 7. Main mounting shell; 8. Secondary mounting shell; 9. Adjusting ring; 10. Mounting component; 11. Roller; 12. Swinging component; 121. Force-applying torsion spring; 122. Extrusion rod; 13. Guide component; 14. Sliding component; 15. Friction plate; 16. Sliding rod; 17. V-shaped spring; 18. Arc-shaped spring; 19. Extrusion block; 20. Push rod; 21. Protruding rod; 22. Limiting ring; 23. Mounting bracket; 231. Limiting part; 24. Guide wheel; 25. Buffer torsion spring; 26. Angle sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment provides a tracked lifting device for polar scientific research, in order to solve the problem in the prior art where the wear of the crawler crane's drum and wire rope causes an imbalance in the motion relationship between the rope guide and the wire rope, leading to increased operational risks.

[0030] See Figures 1 to 8A tracked lifting device for polar scientific research includes: a crane 1, a drum 2, and a drive shaft 3. Both the drum 2 and the drive shaft 3 are rotatably connected to the crane 1. The drum 2 is driven by a power module on the crane 1; this is prior art and will not be elaborated further here. The drive shaft 3 and the drum 2 are driven by pulleys and a belt. A positioning rod 4 is fixedly connected to the crane 1 near the drive shaft 3. The positioning rod 4 is slidably connected to a positioning frame 5. A fixing frame 6 is detachably connected to the left side of the positioning frame 5. A main mounting shell 7 and a secondary mounting shell 8 are detachably connected to the left side of the fixing frame 6. The main mounting shell 7 and the secondary mounting shell 8 are detachably connected. The fixing frame 6, the main mounting shell 7, and the secondary mounting shell 8 are distributed around the drive shaft 3 and slidably connected to it. An adjusting ring 9 is rotatably connected inside the main mounting shell 7 and the secondary mounting shell 8. An installation component 10 is provided inside the adjusting ring 9, and the installation component 10 is rotatably connected to... Roller 11 has its rotation axis intersecting and perpendicular to the rotation axis of adjusting ring 9. The central axis of roller 11 forms an angle with the horizontal plane. Initially, the tilt angle of roller 11 is constant. The transmission ratio of the pulley and belt between drum 2 and drive shaft 3 is determined based on the tilt angle of roller 11, aiming to ensure that the real-time position of main mounting housing 7 on drive shaft 3 corresponds to the real-time position of wire rope 100 winding onto drum 2 (in this state, the probability of misalignment and disorder during winding of wire rope 100 is minimized). Roller 11 contacts drive shaft 3 and relies on friction for transmission. Roller 11 is made of low-temperature wear-resistant material (such as polyurethane). A detection mechanism is provided on main mounting housing 7 to monitor the tilt angle between wire rope 100 and drum 2. The surface of drive shaft 3 is knurled to increase the friction between drive shaft 3 and roller 11.

[0031] The above setup enables the wire rope 100 to move by relying on the frictional transmission between the roller 11, which has an adjustable tilt angle, and the drive shaft 3. In this way, when wear occurs on the wire rope 100 and the drum 2, the movement of the rope guide can be matched with that of the wire rope 100 by adjusting the tilt angle of the roller 11. This reduces the probability of the wire rope 100 becoming disordered and reduces the risk of polar hoisting operations.

[0032] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the setting relationship between the adjusting ring 9 and the mounting part 10 can be regarded as a fixed connection; this article uses the appendix as an example. Figure 2 The main view is used as a reference perspective to describe the direction of rotation; the initial state in this article refers to the state shown in the attached figure; the object of comparison for the tilt angle described in this article is the horizontal plane or the vertical symmetry plane of the main mounting shell 7 and the sub-mounting shell 8 as a whole.

[0033] See Figures 2 to 8 The testing mechanism includes: a swinging component 12, a guide component 13, a sliding component 14, and a friction plate 15. The swinging component 12 is rotatably connected to the main mounting housing 7. (See...) Figure 3In the initial state, the positions of the main mounting shell 7 and the auxiliary mounting shell 8 on the drive shaft 3 lag behind the position of the wire rope 100 wound on the drum 2, thus causing the wire rope 100 to be wound tightly. At the same time, the swing member 12 and the guide member 13 are affected by the tension of the wire rope 100, causing the left part of the swing member 12 to be in a forward tilted state. A torsion spring 121 is fixed between the swing member 12 and the main mounting shell 7. Initially, the torsion spring 121 is in a torsional storage state (when the swing member 12 is in a non-tilted state, that is, when the entire swing member 12 is symmetrical about the vertical symmetry plane of the main mounting shell 7 and the auxiliary mounting shell 8, the torsion spring 121 has no elastic force); the guide member 13 and the swing member 12 are in a torsional storage state. The left side of component 12 is hinged. The guide component 13 consists of a frame and four rectangularly distributed limiting wheels, which are divided into upper and lower groups, located on the upper and lower sides of the wire rope 100 respectively. The rotation axis of the swing component 12 is vertical and spatially perpendicular to but does not intersect with the rotation axis of the guide component 13. The swing of the swing component 12 senses the horizontal deviation of the wire rope 100. The guide component 13 guides the wire rope 100 to wind onto the surface of the drum 2. The sliding component 14 slides within the main mounting shell 7 and the auxiliary mounting shell 8. Initially, the sliding component 14 is located at its rear limit position within the main mounting shell 7 and the auxiliary mounting shell 8. The sliding component 14 consists of a rectangular plate and two round rods. (See...) Figure 7 The lower side of the outer periphery of the adjusting ring 9 is provided with a protrusion. Initially, the round rod at the rear of the sliding member 14 contacts the protrusion on the lower side of the adjusting ring 9 and is used to drive the adjusting ring 9 to rotate. The friction plate 15 is fixed to the rectangular plate of the sliding member 14 and contacts the swing member 12. The swing member 12 drives the sliding member 14 to move through the friction between it and the friction plate 15.

[0034] The above setup enables the wire rope 100 to be guided to wind onto the surface of the drum 2 by the swing member 12 and the guide member 13, and senses the state of the wire rope 100 relative to the drum 2. When the winding position of the wire rope 100 lags behind the real-time position of the main mounting shell 7 due to wear, the swing member 12 is driven to swing by the wire rope 100, and the adjusting ring 9 is rotated by itself, thereby tilting the roller 11 to slow down the movement speed of the main mounting shell 7, so that the real-time position of the main mounting shell 7 is rematched with the winding position of the wire rope 100.

[0035] See Figures 6 to 8The main mounting housing 7 is slidably connected to a slide rod 16. A V-shaped spring piece 17 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the slide rod 16. An arc-shaped spring piece 18 is fixedly connected between the V-shaped spring piece 17 and the main mounting housing 7. The arc-shaped spring piece 18 is used to maintain the vertical distance between the V-shaped spring piece 17 and the main mounting housing 7. A pressing block 19 is detachably connected to the upper oblique side of the outer periphery of the adjusting ring 9. The pressing block 19 and the protrusion on the adjusting ring 9 are located on the same diameter extension line of the adjusting ring 9. The V-shaped spring piece 17 contacts the pressing block 19 and is used to pass through the pressing block. The adjustment ring 9 is restricted from rotating, so that the extrusion block 19 can remain stationary when no external force is applied, that is, the tilt angle of the roller 11 remains unchanged. The elastic coefficient of the arc-shaped spring 18 is greater than that of the V-shaped spring 17. When the extrusion block 19 is moved by an external force, the V-shaped spring 17 deforms before the arc-shaped spring 18. This reduces the V-angle of the V-shaped spring 17 and increases the proportion of the horizontal component force of the V-shaped spring 17 acting on the extrusion block 19, which makes it easier for the V-shaped spring 17 to extrude the extrusion block 19.

[0036] The above setup enables the compression block 19 to be limited by the elastic force of the V-shaped spring 17 and the arc-shaped spring 18, so as to maintain the initial tilt angle of the roller 11.

[0037] See Figures 5 to 8 Both the main mounting housing 7 and the auxiliary mounting housing 8 have push rods 20 slidably connected inside. A protruding rod 21 is fixedly connected to the pressing block 19. The two push rods 20 are coaxial. When the protruding rod 21 moves to the upper side of the adjusting ring 9, the projection of the protruding rod 21 onto the plane containing the end face of the push rod 20 intersects with that end face of the push rod 20, ensuring that the push rod 20 maintains contact with the protruding rod 21 throughout the process of pushing the protruding rod 21. The push rod 20 is used to press the protruding rod 21 to drive the adjusting ring 9 to rotate. Two limiting rings 22 are fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 3. The limiting rings 22 are used to keep adjacent... The push rod 20 is pressed into the main mounting shell 7 and the auxiliary mounting shell 8. The crane 1 is fixed with two symmetrically distributed pressing rods 122. The pressing rods 122 are used to change the tilt angle of the swing member 12. The position of the two limiting rings 22 relative to the drive shaft 3 is determined according to the length of the drum 2, the initial angle of the swing member 12, the shape of the pressing rods 122, and the width of the main mounting shell 7 and the auxiliary mounting shell 8. The purpose is to change the tilt direction of the swing member 12 when the main mounting shell 7 or the auxiliary mounting shell 8 is in contact with the adjacent limiting ring 22, but the tilt angle remains unchanged.

[0038] The above setup enables the adjustment ring 9 to rotate by push rod 20, thereby changing the tilt angle of roller 11 and thus changing the moving direction of main mounting housing 7, causing main mounting housing 7 to reciprocate on drive shaft 3.

[0039] See Figure 6 and Figure 7The length of push rod 20 is greater than half the distance between the back sides of the main mounting shell 7 and the secondary mounting shell 8, and the length of push rod 20 is less than the maximum distance between the protrusion 21 and the back sides of the main mounting shell 7 and the secondary mounting shell 8. By setting the length of push rod 20, push rod 20 will not directly push the extrusion block 19 to the final position, but will only push the extrusion block 19 past the slide rod 16, and then the extrusion block 19 will be pushed to the final position by the elastic force of V-shaped spring 17 and arc-shaped spring 18. In this way, the adjusting ring 9 can be rotated by the control of sliding member 14 immediately after the movement direction is switched.

[0040] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 The main mounting housing 7 and the auxiliary mounting housing 8 are detachably connected to the upper side of the mounting frame 23. The mounting frame 23 is rotatably connected to the guide wheel 24. The steel wire rope 100 is laid on the upper side of the guide wheel 24. The upper part of the mounting frame 23 is provided with a limiting part 231, which is used to limit the steel wire rope 100.

[0041] The wire rope 100 winding process: Both the drum 2 and the drive shaft 3 rotate counterclockwise. The main mounting shell 7 and the auxiliary mounting shell 8 move forward under the drive of the roller 11. When the position of the wire rope 100 wound on the drum 2 moves backward relative to the real-time position of the main mounting shell 7 on the drive shaft 3, the wire rope 100 and the force-applying torsion spring 121 together drive the left part of the swing member 12 to swing backward through the guide member 13, so that the tilt angle of the swing member 12 (relative to the overall position of the main mounting shell 7 and the auxiliary mounting shell 8) is adjusted. As the vertical symmetry plane decreases, the swinging member 12 drives the sliding member 14 to slide forward relative to the main mounting shell 7 through the friction plate 15. The sliding member 14 squeezes the protrusion of the adjusting ring 9, causing the adjusting ring 9 to drive the mounting member 10 and the roller 11 to rotate together, thereby reducing the tilt angle of the roller 11 and reducing the speed at which the roller 11 moves along the drive shaft 3. This makes the position of the wire rope 100 winding onto the drum 2 gradually correspond to the real-time position of the main mounting shell 7 on the drive shaft 3 again.

[0042] During the rotation of the adjusting ring 9 by the sliding member 14, the adjusting ring 9 drives the pressing block 19 to move, causing the pressing block 19 to press the V-shaped spring 17. The V-shaped spring 17 deforms and stores force. As the position of the wire rope 100 winding onto the drum 2 gradually re-aligns with the real-time position of the main mounting shell 7 on the drive shaft 3, the left side of the swing member 12 swings backward relative to the main mounting shell 7, the sliding member 14 gradually moves backward relative to the main mounting shell 7, and the adjusting ring 9 gradually rotates in the opposite direction under the force of the V-shaped spring 17 pressing the pressing block 19. Finally, the V-shaped spring 17 returns to its original shape, the swing member 12 resets relative to the main mounting shell 7, and the roller 11 returns to its initial tilt angle.

[0043] The process of switching the movement direction of the main mounting shell 7: As the main mounting shell 7 gradually moves forward, the distance between the main mounting shell 7 and the front limiting ring 22 gradually decreases until the front push rod 20 contacts the front limiting ring 22. At this time, the front push rod 20 stops moving, while the main mounting shell 7 continues to move forward under the drive of the roller 11, so that the front push rod 20 gradually enters the auxiliary mounting shell 8, and pushes the adjusting ring 9 to rotate through the protruding rod 21 and the pressing block 19. At the same time, the swinging member 12 contacts the front pressing rod 122, and causes the left part of the swinging member 12 to swing backward gradually.

[0044] During the rotation of the adjusting ring 9, the pressing block 19 continuously presses the V-shaped spring 17, causing the V-shaped spring 17 and the arc-shaped spring 18 to deform successively, and the slide rod 16 moves upward. During this process, the swing member 12 drives the sliding member 14 to move forward through the friction plate 15 until the sub-mounting shell 8 contacts the front limiting ring 22. At this time, the front end of the push rod 20 on the front side is coplanar with the front side of the sub-mounting shell 8, and the sliding member 14 moves to the front limit position. The pressing block 19 just completely passes the slide rod 16. Subsequently, the pressing block 19 continues to move under the elastic action of the V-shaped spring 17 and the arc-shaped spring 18. The pressing block 19 drives the adjusting ring 9 to rotate. Finally, the tilt angle of the roller 11 is equal to that at the beginning but in a different direction. The protrusion of the adjusting ring 9 contacts the round rod on the front side of the sliding member 14, thus completing the change of direction. Afterward, when the push rod 20 on the rear side presses the adjusting ring 9 to rotate, the push rod 20 on the front side is pushed by the pressing block 19 and resets relative to the sub-mounting shell 8.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] This embodiment is a further optimization based on embodiment 1, in order to reduce the wear rate of roller 11.

[0047] See Figure 7 and Figure 9 The adjusting ring 9 is rotatably connected to the mounting part 10, and a buffer torsion spring 25 is fixed between the adjusting ring 9 and the mounting part 10. The maximum torque of the buffer torsion spring 25 is less than the static friction between the roller 11 and the drive shaft 3.

[0048] The above setup enables the adjustment ring 9 and the mounting component 10 to be driven by the buffer torsion spring 25. When the roller 11 and the drive shaft 3 are stationary, the adjustment ring 9 cannot drive the roller 11 to rotate when it is affected by external factors. Only when the roller 11 starts to roll along the drive shaft 3 can the roller 11 change its tilt angle under the torque of the buffer torsion spring 25. This reduces unnecessary wear on the roller 11 and thus reduces the wear rate of the roller 11.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] This embodiment is a further optimization based on embodiment 2.

[0051] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 An angle sensor 26 is installed between the main mounting housing 7 and the swing component 12.

[0052] The above setup enables the angle sensor 26 to record the swing angle of the swinging component 12 each time, thereby analyzing the wear degree of the wire rope 100 and the drum 2 and improving the safety of polar hoisting operations.

[0053] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A tracked lifting device for polar scientific research, characterized in that, include: The crane (1), drum (2), and drive shaft (3) are rotatably connected to the crane (1). The drive shaft (3) and the drum (2) are driven by pulleys and belts. A positioning rod (4) is fixedly connected to the crane (1) near the drive shaft (3). The positioning rod (4) is slidably connected to a positioning frame (5). The positioning frame (5) is detachably connected to a fixing frame (6). The fixing frame (6) is detachably connected to a main mounting shell (7) and a secondary mounting shell (8). The main mounting shell (7) and the secondary mounting shell (8) are detachably connected. (6) The main mounting shell (7) and the auxiliary mounting shell (8) are slidably connected to the drive shaft (3). An adjusting ring (9) is rotatably connected inside the main mounting shell (7) and the auxiliary mounting shell (8). An installation part (10) is provided inside the adjusting ring (9). A roller (11) is rotatably connected to the installation part (10). There is an angle between the central axis of the roller (11) and the horizontal plane. The roller (11) contacts the drive shaft (3) and is driven by friction. A detection mechanism for monitoring the tilt angle between the wire rope (100) and the drum (2) is provided on the main mounting shell (7). The testing institutions include: The device comprises a swing element (12), a guide element (13), a sliding element (14), and a friction plate (15). The swing element (12) is rotatably connected to the main mounting housing (7), and a torsion spring (121) is fixed between the swing element (12) and the main mounting housing (7). The guide element (13) is hinged to the swing element (12) away from the main mounting housing (7). The rotation axis of the swing element (12) is spatially perpendicular to but does not intersect with the rotation axis of the guide element (13). The guide element (13) is used to guide the wire rope (100) to wind onto the surface of the drum (2). The sliding element (14) is... 4) The sliding member (14) is limited to sliding within the main mounting shell (7) and the auxiliary mounting shell (8). The sliding member (14) contacts the adjusting ring (9) and is used to drive the adjusting ring (9) to rotate. The friction plate (15) is fixed to the sliding member (14) and contacts the swing member (12). The swing member (12) drives the sliding member (14) to move through the friction between it and the friction plate (15). A protrusion is provided on the lower side of the outer periphery of the adjusting ring (9). The round rod at the rear of the sliding member (14) contacts the protrusion on the lower side of the adjusting ring (9) and is used to drive the adjusting ring (9) to rotate. The main mounting shell (7) is slidably connected to a slide rod (16). A V-shaped spring piece (17) is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod (16) near the adjusting ring (9). An arc-shaped spring piece (18) is fixedly connected between the V-shaped spring piece (17) and the main mounting shell (7). A pressing block (19) is detachably connected to the adjusting ring (9) near the V-shaped spring piece (17). The V-shaped spring piece (17) contacts the pressing block (19) and is used to restrict the rotation of the adjusting ring (9) by the pressing block (19).

2. The tracked lifting device for polar scientific research according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic coefficient of the arc-shaped spring (18) is greater than that of the V-shaped spring (17).

3. The tracked lifting device for polar scientific research according to claim 1, characterized in that, Push rods (20) are slidably connected inside the main mounting shell (7) and the auxiliary mounting shell (8). The extrusion block (19) is fixedly connected to a protrusion rod (21). The push rod (20) is used to extrude the protrusion rod (21) to drive the adjusting ring (9) to rotate. The transmission shaft (3) is fixedly connected to two limiting rings (22). The limiting rings (22) are used to extrude adjacent push rods (20) into the main mounting shell (7) and the auxiliary mounting shell (8). The crane (1) is fixedly connected to two symmetrically distributed extrusion rods (122). The extrusion rods (122) are used to change the tilt angle of the swing member (12).

4. The tracked lifting device for polar scientific research according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the push rod (20) is greater than half the distance between the back sides of the main mounting shell (7) and the secondary mounting shell (8), and the length of the push rod (20) is less than the maximum distance between the protruding rod (21) and the back sides of the main mounting shell (7) and the secondary mounting shell (8).

5. A tracked lifting device for polar scientific research according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main mounting shell (7) and the auxiliary mounting shell (8) are detachably connected to a mounting frame (23) on their upper sides. The mounting frame (23) is rotatably connected to a guide wheel (24). A limiting part (231) is provided on the upper part of the mounting frame (23), and the limiting part (231) is used to limit the wire rope (100).

6. A tracked lifting device for polar scientific research according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjusting ring (9) is rotatably connected to the mounting part (10), and a buffer torsion spring (25) is fixed between the adjusting ring (9) and the mounting part (10).

7. A tracked lifting device for polar scientific research according to claim 5, characterized in that, An angle sensor (26) is installed between the main mounting housing (7) and the swing member (12).

8. A tracked lifting device for polar scientific research according to claim 3, characterized in that, The surface of the drive shaft (3) is knurled to increase the friction between the drive shaft (3) and the roller (11).

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