Soil microorganism culture device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a soil microorganism culture device and method, and belongs to the technical field of microorganism culture, the soil microorganism culture device comprises: a culture medium table serving as a mounting support for biological culture, a plurality of base table through holes being formed in the culture medium table, and the base table through holes being used for discharging culture soil in a culture cylinder; a material taking opening is formed in the side wall of the culture cylinder, and a material taking mechanism is fixedly installed outside the material taking opening and used for sampling microorganisms cultured at different depths in the culture cylinder; a liquid adding mechanism is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the side, away from the material taking mechanism, of the culture cylinder, and the liquid adding mechanism is used for adding a nutrient solution to different depths of microorganism culture soil in the culture cylinder; by arranging the material taking mechanism and the liquid adding mechanism, sampling and nutrient solution adding can be carried out on microorganisms at different depths under the condition that the soil structure is not damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of microbial culture technology, specifically a soil microbial culture device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Soil microorganisms, an indispensable component of the soil ecosystem, encompass microscopic biological groups invisible to the naked eye, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses, protozoa, and microalgae. These microorganisms typically range in size from micrometers to nanometers, exhibiting extremely high density, with hundreds of millions to tens of billions of individuals per gram of soil. Their species composition and abundance dynamics are significantly influenced by various factors such as soil formation environment, depth gradient, humidity, temperature, and organic matter content. In natural ecological processes, soil microorganisms continuously drive the decomposition of soil organic matter and nutrient transformation through key biochemical reactions such as oxidation, nitrification, ammonification, nitrogen fixation, and sulfidation, playing a crucial role in maintaining soil fertility, promoting plant growth, and ensuring ecosystem balance.

[0003] In soil microbiology research and application, accurately monitoring the activity status and cultivation dynamics of microorganisms at different soil depths is crucial for revealing soil biological processes and optimizing agricultural management strategies. However, existing cultivation devices generally suffer from structural defects: when sampling and analyzing microorganisms at specific depths or adding nutrient solutions, traditional methods often require upsetting or cutting the entire soil profile, destroying the original layered structure. This destructive operation not only interrupts the continuous cultivation process of microorganisms but may also introduce external pollution and alter microenvironmental conditions, thereby affecting the accuracy and reproducibility of experimental data. Especially in scenarios requiring micro-sampling at different depths or targeted substance injection, existing technologies cannot achieve non-destructive and repeatable operations, severely restricting in-depth research and precise control of the vertical distribution patterns of soil microorganisms. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a soil microbial culture device and a soil microbial culture method, which can non-destructively sample soil microorganisms and add nutrient solution at different depths, solving the problem that existing culture devices cannot perform micro-sampling or targeted substance injection at different depths.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a soil microbial culture device, comprising: A culture medium platform serves as an installation support for biological culture. A drive motor is fixedly installed at the lower end of the culture medium platform, and a drive spindle is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor. Multiple spindle connecting columns are fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the drive spindle, and a culture tube is fixedly connected to the end of the spindle connecting columns away from the drive spindle. Multiple base through holes are provided on the culture medium platform for discharging the culture soil inside the culture tube. The culture tube has a material inlet on its side wall, and a material sampling mechanism is fixedly installed on the outside of the material inlet. The material sampling mechanism is used to sample the microorganisms cultured at different depths inside the culture tube. A liquid addition mechanism is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the culture tube away from the material sampling mechanism. The liquid addition mechanism is used to add nutrient solution to the microbial culture soil inside the culture tube at different depths.

[0006] Preferably, the material handling mechanism includes a material handling sleeve, a discharge port at the bottom of the material handling sleeve, a threaded screw rotatably mounted inside the material handling sleeve, a motor for driving the threaded screw to rotate fixedly mounted at the upper end of the material handling sleeve, a screw seat threadedly mounted on the threaded screw, and the screw seat slidably fitting against the inner sidewall of the material handling sleeve; a material handling support is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the screw seat, a guide sleeve is fixedly mounted on the side of the material handling support away from the screw seat, and a material handling tube assembly for material handling is slidably passed through the guide sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, the material receiving tube assembly includes an inner material receiving tube and an outer material receiving tube. The outer material receiving tube is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner material receiving tube. A fixed upright plate is fixedly installed on the side of the material receiving support near the guide sleeve. A telescopic sleeve is fixedly connected to the fixed upright plate. A sleeve connecting plate is fixedly installed at the end of the telescopic sleeve away from the fixed upright plate. A second motor is fixedly installed on the sleeve connecting plate. The output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the inner material receiving tube.

[0008] Preferably, the inner tube for sampling includes an inner tube cylinder, one end of which is fixedly provided with a semi-circular inner tube for holding sampled microorganisms, and the other end of which is fixedly provided with an inner tube shaft that is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor.

[0009] Preferably, the material-receiving outer tube includes an outer tube sleeve rotatably mounted on the outer circumference of the inner tube cylinder. One end of the outer tube sleeve is fixedly provided with a semi-circular outer tube that mates with the semi-circular inner tube. The inner diameter of the semi-circular outer tube is equal to the outer diameter of the semi-circular inner tube. An end baffle is fixedly provided at the end of the semi-circular outer tube away from the outer tube sleeve. An outer tube drive for driving the rotation of the material-receiving outer tube is fixedly provided on the outer circumference of the inner tube shaft. The outer tube drive includes a motor base plate fixedly mounted on the inner tube cylinder, a motor four fixedly mounted on the motor base plate, a gear two fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor four, and an inner tooth of the outer tube sleeve that meshes with the gear two.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the end baffle away from the semi-circular outer tube is provided with a conical head, and the outer wall of the culture tube is provided with a baffle assembly for blocking the feed port. Multiple sets of the baffle assembly are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the culture tube for the feed tube assembly to sample microorganisms at different depths. The baffle assembly includes two sets of guide covers fixedly installed on the outer wall of the culture tube on both sides of the feed inlet. A guide slider is slidably installed inside the guide cover. The end of the guide slider away from the feed inlet is connected to the inner wall of the guide cover through an elastic telescopic rod. A feed baffle is fixedly installed at the end of the guide slider near the feed inlet. The feed baffle is provided with a baffle slope that cooperates with the conical head.

[0011] Preferably, a motor three is fixedly installed on the fixed plate, a gear one is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor three, and an outer tube drive tooth is provided on the outer side wall of the semi-circular outer tube along the axial direction, and the outer tube drive tooth meshes with the gear one. Motor 3 drives gear 1 to rotate, and the gear and rack transmission principle drives the sampling tube assembly to move laterally and insert it into the culture tube to achieve microbial sampling.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid addition mechanism includes a liquid addition outer pipe fixedly installed on the inner wall of the culture cylinder, the liquid addition outer pipe having multiple outer pipe leakage holes along the axial direction, and an arc-shaped drainage pipe for adding nutrient solution to the soil inside the culture cylinder connected to the outer pipe leakage holes; The outer liquid filling tube is rotatably provided with an inner liquid filling tube. The side wall of the inner liquid filling tube is provided with multiple inner tube leakage holes. The axial spacing of the multiple inner tube leakage holes along the outer liquid filling tube is equal to that of the outer tube leakage holes, and the projection of the multiple inner tube leakage holes on the horizontal plane is distributed in a ring array. When nutrient solution needs to be added to soil for microbial culture at different depths, the inner tube is rotated so that the leak holes of the inner tube at different depths coincide with the leak holes of the outer tube at the corresponding depths. The other leak holes of the inner tube are blocked by the inner wall of the outer tube, thus enabling the addition of nutrient solution to soil for microbial culture at different depths.

[0013] Preferably, the upper outer wall of the liquid filling inner tube is provided with a limiting mechanism, and the upper end of the liquid filling outer tube is provided with a V-shaped groove that cooperates with the limiting mechanism; The limiting mechanism includes a limiting guide sleeve fixedly installed on the outer wall of the liquid filling inner tube. A sliding block is slidably installed at the lower part of the limiting guide sleeve. The upper end of the sliding block is connected to the inner wall of the limiting guide sleeve through a snap-fit ​​spring. The lower end of the sliding block is provided with multiple V-shaped snap heads that cooperate with the V-shaped snap groove. When nutrient solution needs to be added to soil for microbial culture at different depths, the inner tube is rotated so that the inner tube orifice at different depths coincides with the corresponding outer tube orifice. As the inner tube rotates, the limiting mechanism rotates accordingly. When the inner tube orifice coincides with the outer tube orifice at different depths, the V-shaped clamping head simultaneously engages with the corresponding V-shaped clamping groove, ensuring that the outer tube and inner tube remain stable after rotation.

[0014] A soil microbial culture device and method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: First, the drive motor drives the drive spindle to rotate, thereby causing multiple culture tubes to rotate and causing the bottom of the culture tubes to be misaligned with the through holes of the base, thus sealing the bottom of the culture tubes; Step 2: Place the culture soil containing microorganisms into the culture cylinder, and add nutrient solution to the culture soil at different depths through the liquid addition mechanism; Step 3: During the microbial culture, samples of microorganisms at different depths are taken through the sampling mechanism to continuously track the culture status of microorganisms in the soil at different depths. Based on the sampling and testing results, the corresponding nutrient solution is replenished to the microorganisms at different depths through the liquid addition mechanism. Step 4: After the microbial culture is completed, the drive motor drives the drive spindle to rotate, thereby rotating multiple sets of culture tubes so that the bottom of the culture tubes coincides with the through hole of the base, and the culture soil inside the culture tubes is quickly removed through the through hole of the base.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by setting up a material sampling mechanism and a nutrient solution addition mechanism, it is possible to sample microorganisms at different depths and add nutrient solution without damaging the soil structure. It has the advantages of being able to non-destructively sample soil microorganisms at different depths and add nutrient solution, thereby avoiding pollution and improving experimental accuracy and repeatability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the entire invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the culture tube of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the culture tube of the present invention; 4a is the front view of the culture tube; 4b is a top view of the culture tube; Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in the BB direction of b; Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction in section a; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the material picking sleeve of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the material-taking outer tube of the present invention along the axial direction; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the material handling state change structure of the material handling tube assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid dispensing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the liquid dispensing mechanism of the present invention along the axial direction of the liquid dispensing outer tube; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid addition outer tube of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid addition inner tube of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Culture platform; 11. Platform through hole; 2. Drive motor; 3. Drive spindle; 4. Spindle connecting column; 5. Culture cylinder; 51. Feeding port; 52. Guide cover; 53. Elastic telescopic rod; 54. Guide slider; 55. Feeding baffle; 551. Baffle inclined surface; 6. Feeding mechanism; 61. Feeding sleeve; 611. Discharge port; 62. Motor 1; 63. Threaded screw; 64. Screw seat; 641. Feeding support; 642. Guide sleeve; 643. Fixed upright plate; 644. Telescopic sleeve; 645. Sleeve connecting plate; 646. Motor 2; 65. Motor 3; 66. Gear 1; 67. Feeding inner tube; 6 71. Semicircular inner tube; 672. Inner tube cylinder; 673. Inner tube shaft; 68. Material-receiving outer tube; 681. Semicircular outer tube; 682. End baffle; 683. Outer tube sleeve; 684. Outer tube internal gear; 685. Outer tube drive gear; 69. Outer tube drive; 691. Motor base plate; 692. Motor four; 693. Gear two; 7. Liquid filling mechanism; 71. Liquid filling outer tube; 711. V-shaped groove; 712. Outer tube leakage hole; 72. Arc-shaped drain pipe; 73. Liquid filling inner tube; 731. Inner tube leakage hole; 74. Limiting mechanism; 741. Limiting guide sleeve; 742. Snap-fit ​​spring; 743. Sliding block; 744. V-shaped clamp head. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-13As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a soil microbial culture device and method, including a culture platform 1, a drive motor 2, a drive spindle 3, a spindle connecting column 4, a culture cylinder 5, a base through hole 11, a material inlet 51, a material extraction mechanism 6, and a liquid addition mechanism 7. The device uses the culture platform 1 as a mounting support, and the drive motor 2 drives the drive spindle 3 and the spindle connecting column 4 to rotate, thereby enabling the culture cylinder 5 to rotate. The side wall of the culture cylinder 5 is provided with a material inlet 51, and the material extraction mechanism 6 is installed externally for sampling microorganisms at different depths inside the culture cylinder 5. Simultaneously, the inner wall of the culture cylinder 5 is provided with a liquid addition mechanism 7 for adding nutrient solution to the microbial culture soil at different depths. The base through hole 11 is used to discharge the culture soil from the culture cylinder 5.

[0021] The culture container 5 is used to hold culture soil containing microorganisms and is the main container for microbial culture. Its side wall is provided with a sampling port 51 for sampling operations.

[0022] The abutment through hole 11 is set on the culture medium platform 1. When the culture cylinder 5 is rotated to a specific position, it can be aligned with the bottom of the culture cylinder 5 to discharge the culture soil inside the culture cylinder 5.

[0023] The sampling port 51 is located on the side wall of the culture cylinder 5 and is the channel through which the sampling mechanism 6 extends into the culture cylinder 5 to take samples.

[0024] The sampling mechanism 6 is fixedly installed outside the sampling port 51 and is used to sample the microbial culture soil at different depths inside the culture tube 5 in order to monitor the culture status of the microorganisms.

[0025] The liquid addition mechanism 7 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the culture cylinder 5 on the side away from the material taking mechanism 6. It is used to add nutrient solution to the microbial culture soil at different depths inside the culture cylinder 5 to meet the needs of microbial growth.

[0026] Specifically, the culture medium platform 1 can be made of sturdy sheet metal or a frame structure, with a drive motor 2 fixedly mounted at its lower end via a mechanical connection. The output end of the drive motor 2 is rigidly connected to the drive spindle 3 to ensure reliable power transmission. Multiple spindle connecting columns 4 are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the drive spindle 3, with their ends away from the drive spindle 3 fixedly connected to the culture cylinder 5. Thus, the rotational motion of the drive motor 2 is transmitted to the drive spindle 3, thereby driving the spindle connecting columns 4 and the connected culture cylinder 5 to rotate synchronously.

[0027] Furthermore, the culture medium platform 1 is provided with multiple platform through holes 11, which are used to drain the culture soil inside the culture cylinder 5. For example, the platform through holes 11 can be designed to match the size of the bottom of the culture cylinder 5, so that when the culture cylinder 5 is rotated to a position aligned with the platform through holes 11, the culture soil can be drained through these holes under the action of gravity.

[0028] In addition, a sampling port 51 is provided on the side wall of the culture tube 5, and a sampling mechanism 6 is fixedly installed on the outside of the sampling port 51. The sampling mechanism 6 is used to sample microorganisms cultured at different depths inside the culture tube 5. As one implementation, the sampling port 51 can be a simple opening, large enough to allow the insertion of a sampling tool. The sampling mechanism 6 can be a manually operated sampling device, such as a tool with a telescopic rod and a sampling container, which is manually inserted into the sampling port 51 and the length of the telescopic rod is adjusted to reach different depths inside the culture tube 5 for sampling.

[0029] Meanwhile, a nutrient solution addition mechanism 7 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the culture cylinder 5 on the side away from the material receiving mechanism 6. The nutrient solution addition mechanism 7 is used to add nutrient solution to different depths of the microbial culture soil inside the culture cylinder 5. Specifically, the nutrient solution addition mechanism 7 can consist of one or more conduits, which have multiple outlet holes along the depth direction of the culture cylinder 5 and are connected to an external nutrient solution supply system. When nutrient solution needs to be added, it can be manually or through a simple valve control to allow the nutrient solution to flow out from the outlet hole at the corresponding depth and into the culture soil.

[0030] The soil microbial culture device of this application, by setting up a rotatable culture cylinder 5, a sampling mechanism 6 for sampling at different depths, and a nutrient solution addition mechanism 7 for adding nutrient solution at different depths, achieves non-destructive and repeatable micro-sampling and targeted material injection of soil microorganisms at specific depths without disrupting the overall soil stratification structure. This allows for continuous tracking of the culture status of microorganisms at different soil depths and precise replenishment of nutrient solution based on the detection results, effectively solving the problem of the difficulty in fine-grained management and intervention of soil microbial culture in existing technologies.

[0031] In some of the solutions described above in this application, a sampling mechanism is proposed to sample microorganisms cultured at different depths inside the culture tube. However, in its implementation, a mechanism that can precisely control the sampling depth is needed to achieve non-destructive and repeatable micro-sampling and avoid damaging the soil stratification structure.

[0032] In this regard, this application further proposes a soil microbial culture device, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 3-9As shown, the material handling mechanism 6 includes a material handling sleeve 61, with a discharge port 611 at the bottom. A threaded screw 63 is rotatably installed inside the material handling sleeve 61. A motor 62 for driving the threaded screw 63 to rotate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the material handling sleeve 61. A screw seat 64 is threaded onto the threaded screw 63 and slides against the inner side wall of the material handling sleeve 61. A material handling support 641 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the screw seat 64. A guide sleeve 642 is fixedly installed on the side of the material handling support 641 away from the screw seat 64. A material handling tube assembly for material handling is slidably inserted through the guide sleeve 642.

[0033] The material handling sleeve 61, as the main structure of the material handling mechanism 6, primarily functions to provide a stable mounting and support platform for accommodating and fixing the various components of the material handling mechanism 6, and ensuring their relative positional accuracy during operation. For example, the material handling sleeve 61 can be integrally molded from high-strength engineering plastic, or formed into a frame structure by welding or bolting metal sheets, to adapt to different strength and precision requirements.

[0034] The discharge port 611 is located at the bottom of the material receiving sleeve 61. Its function is to provide a convenient discharge channel for the microbial culture soil taken out from the culture cylinder 5, and to avoid the accumulation or blockage of the sampled material inside the mechanism. Specifically, the discharge port 611 can be designed as a funnel-shaped opening to facilitate the smooth flow of the material; or it can be connected to a collection container or conveying pipeline to realize the automated collection and transfer of the sampled material.

[0035] The lead screw 63 is a key component for achieving precise vertical displacement of the feed tube assembly. It converts the rotary motion of the motor 62 into the linear reciprocating motion of the screw seat 64 via a threaded transmission mechanism. For example, the lead screw 63 can be a trapezoidal screw or a ball screw. The ball screw offers higher transmission efficiency and positioning accuracy, while the trapezoidal screw has a relatively simple structure and lower cost.

[0036] The lead screw seat 64 is a component connecting the threaded lead screw 63 and the material take-up support 641. It engages with the lead screw 63 via threads, converting the rotational motion of the lead screw 63 into its own linear motion. Simultaneously, the lead screw seat 64 slides against the inner wall of the material take-up sleeve 61, ensuring stability and guidance during linear motion and preventing wobbling. For example, the lead screw seat 64 can employ a slider structure with internal threads, its outer surface engaging with the inner wall of the material take-up sleeve 61 via a sliding bearing or guide rail; alternatively, it can employ a structure with anti-rotation grooves to further improve motion stability.

[0037] The material take-up support 641 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lead screw seat 64. Its main function is to serve as a connecting bridge between the lead screw seat 64 and the material take-up tube assembly, bearing and supporting the material take-up tube assembly. For example, the material take-up support 641 can be designed as an integrally formed U-shaped or L-shaped bracket to provide sufficient rigidity and installation space; or it can be designed in a modular fashion, with different functional modules (such as the guide sleeve 642) fixed to it by bolt connection.

[0038] The guide sleeve 642 is fixedly installed on the side of the pick-up support 641 away from the lead screw seat 64. Its function is to provide precise linear guidance for the pick-up tube assembly, ensuring that the pick-up tube assembly can move smoothly along the preset path when inserted into and withdrawn from the culture tube 5, avoiding deviation or jamming. For example, the guide sleeve 642 can be a precision-machined cylindrical or square sleeve with a smooth inner wall that fits tightly with the outer dimensions of the pick-up tube assembly; or, a guide structure with linear bearings can be used to reduce frictional resistance and improve motion accuracy.

[0039] The sampling tube assembly is the core component that directly contacts the culture soil and performs sampling. Its function is to penetrate to different depths inside the culture tube 5 to collect microbial culture soil samples. For example, the sampling tube assembly can be a simple hollow tube that takes samples by rotation or insertion; or it can be a complex structure containing multiple concentric tubes to achieve stratified sampling or to protect the samples during the sampling process.

[0040] Through the above technical solution, the sampling mechanism 6 of this application can achieve precise and non-destructive sampling of microbial culture soil at different depths inside the culture cylinder 5. Specifically, the motor 62 drives the threaded screw 63 to rotate, converting the rotational motion into precise linear displacement of the screw seat 64, which in turn drives the sampling support 641, the guide sleeve 642, and the sampling tube assembly that slides through them to move vertically. This screw drive mechanism, combined with the precise guidance of the guide sleeve 642, ensures that the sampling tube assembly can stably and accurately reach the preset sampling depth, avoiding the damage to the soil stratification structure that may be caused by traditional sampling methods. At the same time, the discharge port 611 at the bottom of the sampling sleeve 61 facilitates the discharge of sampled material, improving sampling efficiency. Overall, the sampling mechanism 6, through the synergistic effect of mechanical transmission and guidance, provides reliable technical support for continuous tracking and status monitoring during the microbial culture process, enabling researchers to repeatedly obtain microbial samples at specific depths, thereby more accurately assessing the growth and metabolic activities of microorganisms in different soil layers and providing a scientific basis for subsequent nutrient solution replenishment.

[0041] In some of the solutions described above in this application, a sampling tube assembly is proposed for sampling microorganisms cultured at different depths inside the culture tube. However, in this process, the sampling tube assembly may not be able to accurately control the sampling depth or may easily damage the soil's stratified structure, resulting in inaccurate or insufficient non-destructive sampling.

[0042] For this, please refer to Figures 3-9 As shown, the material receiving tube assembly includes an inner material receiving tube 67 and an outer material receiving tube 68. The outer material receiving tube 68 is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner material receiving tube 67. A fixed upright plate 643 is fixedly installed on the side of the material receiving support 641 near the guide sleeve 642. A telescopic sleeve 644 is fixedly connected to the fixed upright plate 643. A sleeve connecting plate 645 is fixedly installed at the end of the telescopic sleeve 644 away from the fixed upright plate 643. A second motor 646 is fixedly installed on the sleeve connecting plate 645. The output end of the second motor 646 is fixedly connected to the inner material receiving tube 67.

[0043] Specifically, the inner sampling tube 67 and the outer sampling tube 68 are the core components for actually collecting soil microbial samples. The inner sampling tube 67 is typically a tubular structure, with its internal space used to hold the sampled soil. The outer sampling tube 68 is fitted around the outer circumference of the inner sampling tube 67 and can rotate relative to it. This fitted relationship can be achieved by using bearings, bushings, or precision-machined clearances between the tube walls to ensure smooth rotation and good coaxiality. This design allows the sampling tube assembly to cut or separate the soil sample through the relative rotation of the inner and outer tubes when inserted into the soil, thereby reducing disturbance to the surrounding soil structure.

[0044] Through the above technical solution, this application further optimizes the structure and function of the sampling tube assembly based on the existing sampling mechanism 6. The rotating sleeve design of the inner sampling tube 67 and the outer sampling tube 68 allows the outer sampling tube 68 to act as a support and protection during sampling, while the inner sampling tube 67 rotates under the drive of motor 646, achieving precise cutting and collection of soil samples. This sampling method with relative rotation of the inner and outer tubes can effectively reduce mechanical disturbance to the soil stratification structure inside the culture tube 5, thereby significantly improving the non-destructive nature of sampling. At the same time, the combination of the fixed upright plate 643, the telescopic sleeve 644, and the sleeve connecting plate 645, based on the rough vertical positioning of the sampling support 641 by motor 62 and threaded screw 63, provides the ability to finely adjust the insertion depth of the sampling tube assembly. The precise extension and retraction of the telescopic sleeve 644 allows the sampling tube assembly to accurately reach the preset specific depth, ensuring the accuracy of sampling depth control. Motor 2 646 directly drives the inner sampling tube 67 to rotate, further ensuring the stability and repeatability of the sampling action. In summary, this technical solution, through precise mechanical structure and active control, effectively solves the problems of inaccurate sampling depth control and easy damage to soil stratification, thereby achieving accurate and non-destructive sampling of microorganisms at different depths and providing a reliable technical guarantee for continuously tracking the cultivation status of soil microorganisms.

[0045] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, a sampling inner tube is proposed for sampling microorganisms inside the culture tube. However, in this process, how to ensure that the microbial sample can be accurately contained without damaging the soil stratification structure during sampling, while achieving effective connection with the drive motor to control the sampling operation, is a problem.

[0046] In this regard, this application further proposes that the inner tube 67 for sampling includes an inner tube cylinder 672, one end of which is fixedly provided with a semi-circular inner tube 671 for holding the sampled microorganisms, and the other end of which is fixedly provided with an inner tube shaft 673 that is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 646.

[0047] Through the aforementioned technical solution, the inner cylindrical tube 672 provides robust structural support for the sampling inner tube 67, ensuring its stable operation in complex soil environments. The unique design of the semi-circular inner tube 671 minimizes damage to the soil's stratified structure during insertion and precisely holds microbial samples during rotation, effectively solving the challenges of sample integrity and soil structure protection during sampling. Simultaneously, the tight connection between the inner tube shaft 673 and the second motor 646 ensures precise rotational control of the sampling inner tube 67, enabling accurate operation of sampling depth and angle. Overall, this solution, through structural optimization and precise control of power transmission, significantly improves the accuracy and non-destructive nature of microbial sampling, providing a reliable technical guarantee for continuously tracking the cultivation status of microorganisms at different soil depths.

[0048] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, an outer sampling tube is proposed to cooperate with an inner sampling tube for sampling operations. However, in its implementation, a precise driving mechanism is required to ensure that the outer sampling tube can rotate stably, so as to avoid damaging the soil layer structure due to uncoordinated rotation during the sampling process, thereby achieving non-destructive and repeatable micro-sampling.

[0049] In this regard, this application further proposes a soil microbial culture device, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 3-9 As shown, the material-receiving outer tube 68 includes an outer tube sleeve 683 rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the inner tube cylinder 672. One end of the outer tube sleeve 683 is fixedly provided with a semi-circular outer tube 681 that cooperates with the semi-circular inner tube 671. The inner diameter of the semi-circular outer tube 681 is equal to the outer diameter of the semi-circular inner tube 671. An end baffle 682 is fixedly provided at the end of the semi-circular outer tube 681 away from the outer tube sleeve 683. An outer tube drive 69 for driving the material-receiving outer tube 68 to rotate is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the inner tube shaft 673. The outer tube drive 69 includes a motor base plate 691 fixedly mounted on the inner tube cylinder 672. A motor 692 is fixedly mounted on the motor base plate 691. A gear 693 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor 692. An outer tube internal tooth 684 that meshes with the gear 693 is provided on the inner periphery of the outer tube sleeve 683.

[0050] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves precise and stable rotation control of the sampling outer tube 68 by setting an outer tube drive 69 on the outer periphery of the inner tube shaft 673 and utilizing a gear transmission mechanism composed of motor four 692, gear two 693, and outer tube inner gear 684. This design allows the sampling outer tube 68 to fit tightly with the semi-circular inner tube 671, precisely cutting the soil through rotation during sampling and forming a closed sampling chamber, effectively avoiding the damage to soil stratification and sample loss problems that may occur with traditional sampling methods. At the same time, since the drive mechanism is integrated on the outer periphery of the inner tube shaft 673, the entire sampling tube assembly has a compact structure and is easy to operate, significantly improving the non-destructive, accurate, and repeatable nature of microbial sampling. This allows for continuous tracking of the cultivation status of microorganisms in soil at different depths, providing accurate data for subsequent nutrient solution replenishment.

[0051] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, a sampling tube assembly is proposed for sampling microorganisms at different depths. However, during its implementation, the sampling port may not be effectively sealed, leading to damage to the soil stratification structure or external contamination.

[0052] In this regard, this application further proposes a soil microbial culture device, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 3-9 As shown, a conical head is provided at the end of the end baffle 682 away from the semi-circular outer tube 681. A baffle assembly for blocking the feed port 51 is provided on the outer wall of the culture cylinder 5. Multiple sets of the baffle assembly are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the culture cylinder 5 for the feed tube assembly to sample microorganisms at different depths. The baffle assembly includes two sets of guide covers 52 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the culture cylinder 5 on both sides of the feed port 51. A guide slider 54 is slidably installed inside the guide cover 52. The end of the guide slider 54 away from the feed port 51 is connected to the inner wall of the guide cover 52 through an elastic telescopic rod 53. A feed baffle 55 is fixedly installed at the end of the guide slider 54 near the feed port 51. The feed baffle 55 is provided with a baffle inclined surface 551 that cooperates with the conical head.

[0053] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of inadequate sealing of the sampling port during the sampling process. When the sampling tube assembly is inserted into the culture cylinder 5 for sampling, the conical head on its end baffle 682 contacts and cooperates with the inclined surface 551 of the sampling baffle 55. The inclined surface force pushes the sampling baffle 55 away from the sampling port 51, thereby automatically opening the sampling port 51 and allowing the sampling tube assembly to enter the culture cylinder 5 for sampling. After sampling, when the sampling tube assembly is pulled out of the culture cylinder 5, the elastic restoring force of the elastic telescopic rod 53 drives the guide slider 54 to automatically reset the sampling baffle 55, causing the sampling baffle 55 to reseal the sampling port 51. This design ensures that the sampling port 51 remains effectively sealed during the insertion and removal of the sampling tube assembly, thereby avoiding damage to the soil stratification structure and the intrusion of external pollutants, ensuring the stability of the microbial culture environment and the accuracy of the sampling results. Meanwhile, the setup of multiple baffle components enables the sampling tube assembly to perform non-destructive and repeatable sampling of microorganisms at different depths, greatly improving sampling efficiency and the level of refined management of the culture process.

[0054] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, a sampling tube assembly is proposed for sampling microorganisms cultured at different depths inside the culture tube. However, in its implementation, an efficient and precise driving mechanism is needed to ensure the accuracy and non-destructive nature of the sampling, and to avoid damaging the soil stratification structure due to unstable movement or inaccurate control.

[0055] In this regard, this application further proposes a soil microbial culture device, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 3-9 As shown, a motor 65 is fixedly installed on the fixed plate 643, and a gear 66 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor 65. An outer tube drive tooth 685 is provided on the outer side wall of the semi-circular outer tube 681 along the axial direction. The outer tube drive tooth 685 meshes with the gear 66. The motor 65 drives the gear 66 to rotate, and the pick-up tube assembly is moved laterally and inserted into the culture tube 5 to achieve microbial sampling by using the gear and rack transmission principle.

[0056] Through the above technical solution, this application introduces a gear and rack transmission mechanism, effectively solving the need for efficient and precise drive when the sampling tube assembly moves laterally into the culture cylinder 5. Specifically, the fixed plate 643 provides a stable mounting base for the motor 65, ensuring the reliability of the drive source. The motor 65 drives the gear 66 to rotate through its output shaft, and the gear 66 precisely meshes with the outer tube drive gear 685 on the outer wall of the semi-circular outer tube 681. This gear and rack transmission principle can efficiently and stably convert the rotational motion of the motor 65 into the linear lateral movement of the sampling tube assembly. Compared with other driving methods, gear and rack transmission has the advantages of high transmission accuracy, accurate positioning, and smooth movement, thereby ensuring that the sampling tube assembly can be smoothly inserted into different depths inside the culture cylinder 5 in a controlled manner, avoiding damage to the soil stratification structure due to unstable movement or inaccurate control. This greatly improves the accuracy and non-destructive nature of microbial sampling, enabling researchers to continuously track the culture status of microorganisms in soil at different depths, providing a precise basis for subsequent nutrient solution replenishment.

[0057] In some of the solutions described above in this application, a nutrient solution addition mechanism is proposed to add nutrient solution to the soil for microbial culture at different depths inside the culture tube. However, in this process, the existing nutrient solution addition mechanism may not be able to accurately control the depth of nutrient solution addition, resulting in inaccurate addition or damage to the soil stratification structure, making it difficult to achieve non-destructive and targeted material injection.

[0058] In response, this application proposes a soil microbial culture device; please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 10-13 As shown, the liquid addition mechanism 7 includes a liquid addition outer tube 71 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the culture cylinder 5. The liquid addition outer tube 71 has multiple outer tube leakage holes 712 arranged along the axial direction. An arc-shaped drainage pipe 72 for adding nutrient solution to the soil inside the culture cylinder 5 is connected to the outer tube leakage holes 712. A liquid addition inner tube 73 is rotatably installed inside the liquid addition outer tube 71. Multiple inner tube leakage holes 731 are arranged on the side wall of the liquid addition inner tube 73. The spacing of the multiple inner tube leakage holes 731 along the axial direction of the liquid addition outer tube 71 is equal to that of the outer tube leakage holes 712, and the projection of the multiple inner tube leakage holes 731 on the horizontal plane is distributed in a ring array. When it is necessary to add nutrient solution to the microbial culture soil at different depths, the liquid addition inner tube 731 at different depths is rotated so that the positions of the inner tube leakage holes 731 at different depths coincide with the positions of the corresponding outer tube leakage holes 712. The other inner tube leakage holes 731 are blocked by the action of the inner wall of the liquid addition outer tube 71, thereby realizing the addition of nutrient solution to the microbial culture soil at different depths.

[0059] The core working principle of the nutrient solution dispensing mechanism 7 is to rotate the inner tube 73 so that the inner tube leak holes 731 at different depths coincide with the corresponding outer tube leak holes 712, while the other inner tube leak holes 731 are blocked by the inner wall of the outer tube 71. The inner tube 73 is precisely rotated by an external drive device (e.g., a motor or manual knob) to align and overlap specific inner tube leak holes 731 on its side wall with the corresponding outer tube leak holes 712 on the outer tube 71. When they coincide, the nutrient solution flows out from the inner tube 73, passes through the outer tube leak holes 712 and the arc-shaped drainage pipe 72, and is injected into the soil at the target depth. Simultaneously, the inner tube leak holes 731 at other non-target depths are completely covered and blocked by the inner wall of the outer tube 71, effectively preventing the nutrient solution from flowing to non-target depths and ensuring the targeted and precise addition of the nutrient solution.

[0060] Through the above technical solution, this application provides a nutrient solution addition mechanism capable of precisely controlling the depth of nutrient solution addition. Since the outer nutrient solution addition tube 71 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the culture cylinder 5 and has multiple outer tube leakage holes 712 connected to the arc-shaped drainage pipe 72 along the axial direction, this provides a stable channel for the directional discharge of the nutrient solution. Furthermore, the inner nutrient solution addition tube 73, which is rotatably installed inside the outer nutrient solution addition tube 71, has multiple inner tube leakage holes 731 on its side wall that are axially spaced equal to the outer tube leakage holes 712 and arranged in a ring array, resulting in a highly precise and flexible fit between the inner and outer tubes. When nutrient solution needs to be added to the microbial culture soil at a specific depth, simply rotating the inner nutrient solution addition tube 73 will precisely align the inner tube leakage holes 731 at the corresponding depth with the outer tube leakage holes 712, thereby achieving targeted injection of the nutrient solution. Simultaneously, other inner tube leakage holes 731 at non-target depths are effectively blocked by the inner wall of the outer nutrient solution addition tube 71, preventing accidental injection of the nutrient solution. This design effectively solves the problems of inaccurate control of nutrient solution addition depth and easy damage to soil stratification in existing technologies. It realizes non-destructive and targeted injection of substances into soil for microbial culture, greatly improving the level of refined management of microbial culture and the accuracy of experimental results.

[0061] In some embodiments described above in this application, a liquid addition mechanism 7 is proposed to add nutrient solution to microbial culture soil at different depths inside the culture tube 5. However, when rotating the inner liquid addition tube 73 to align the inner tube leakage hole 731 and the outer tube leakage hole 712 at different depths, the device may become unstable due to vibration or external factors, causing the nutrient solution addition position to shift and affecting the accuracy of depth-specific addition.

[0062] In this regard, this application further proposes a soil microbial culture device, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 10-13As shown, the upper outer wall of the inner liquid filling tube 73 is provided with multiple limiting mechanisms 74, and the upper end of the outer liquid filling tube 71 is provided with a V-shaped groove 711 that cooperates with the limiting mechanisms 74. The limiting mechanism 74 includes a limiting guide sleeve 741 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the inner liquid filling tube 73, a sliding block 743 slidably installed on the lower part of the limiting guide sleeve 741, the upper end of the sliding block 743 being connected to the inner wall of the limiting guide sleeve 741 through a snap-fit ​​spring 742, and the lower end of the sliding block 743 being provided with a V-shaped clamp head 744 that cooperates with the V-shaped groove 711. When nutrient solution needs to be added to soil cultured at different depths, the inner tube 73 is rotated so that the inner tube leakage hole 731 at different depths coincides with the corresponding outer tube leakage hole 712. When the inner tube 73 rotates, the limiting mechanism 74 rotates accordingly. When the inner tube leakage hole 731 coincides with the outer tube leakage hole 712 at different depths, the V-shaped clamp 744 is simultaneously engaged in the corresponding V-shaped clamp 711, ensuring that the outer tube 71 and the inner tube 73 remain stable after rotation.

[0063] During operation, when nutrient solution needs to be added to the microbial culture soil at different depths, the inner tube 73 is rotated so that the inner tube leakage holes 731 at different depths coincide with the corresponding outer tube leakage holes 712. As the inner tube 73 rotates, it drives the limiting mechanism 74 to rotate as well. When the inner tube leakage holes 731 coincide with the outer tube leakage holes 712 at different depths, the V-shaped locking head 744 simultaneously engages with the corresponding V-shaped locking groove 711, thus ensuring that the outer tube 71 and the inner tube 73 remain stable after rotation. This operation process describes how the limiting mechanism 74 works in conjunction with the inner tube 73 and the outer tube 71 to achieve precise locking of the nutrient solution addition depth. The liquid filling tube 73 can be manually rotated, and when the V-shaped clamp 744 aligns with the V-shaped groove 711, the spring force will cause the clamp to automatically engage. Alternatively, the liquid filling tube 73 can be rotated by a motor, and the alignment status of the V-shaped clamp 744 and the V-shaped groove 711 can be detected by a sensor. Once aligned, the motor stops, and the clamp automatically engages, achieving automated and precise locking.

[0064] Through the above technical solution, this application provides a mechanical locking mechanism, namely a limiting mechanism 74 and a V-shaped locking groove 711. This mechanism can automatically or semi-automatically engage when the inner tube 73 rotates to align its inner tube leakage hole 731 with the required outer tube leakage hole 712 of the outer tube 71. The preload provided by the locking spring 742 ensures that the V-shaped locking head 744 can be firmly locked into the V-shaped locking groove 711, thereby precisely fixing the rotational position of the inner tube 73 relative to the outer tube 71. This design significantly improves the positioning accuracy of nutrient solution addition. The precise cooperation between the V-shaped locking head 744 and the V-shaped locking groove 711 avoids alignment deviations caused by manual operation errors or external vibrations. At the same time, the preload provided by the locking spring 742 allows the V-shaped locking head 744 to be firmly locked into the V-shaped locking groove 711, so that even if the device is slightly disturbed during the nutrient solution addition process, the inner tube 73 can maintain its preset rotational position, enhancing operational stability. This stable positioning mechanism ensures that the nutrient solution is accurately delivered to the target soil depth, preventing leakage or mixing at non-target depths. This improves the accuracy and repeatability of microbial culture experiments and achieves reliable depth-specific addition. Furthermore, once the inner tube 73 is rotated into position, the limiting mechanism 74 can automatically or semi-automatically lock it, reducing the operator's need to constantly monitor positional accuracy and improving operational efficiency.

[0065] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, a liquid addition mechanism is proposed to add nutrient solution to different depths inside the culture tube. However, in its implementation, there is a lack of a systematic culture method to coordinate the overall operation of the device, including initial sealing, placement of culture soil, dynamic monitoring and sampling, and final efficient removal. This makes it difficult to achieve a non-destructive and reproducible microbial culture process in the prior art, which can easily lead to damage to the soil stratification structure or low operational efficiency.

[0066] In this regard, this application further proposes a method for cultivating soil microorganisms, including the following steps: Step 1: First, drive the drive motor 2 to drive the drive spindle 3 to rotate, thereby causing multiple sets of culture cylinders 5 to rotate, so that the bottom of the culture cylinder 5 is misaligned with the through hole 11 of the base, thus sealing the bottom of the culture cylinder 5. Step 2: Place the culture soil containing microorganisms into the culture cylinder 5, and add nutrient solution to the culture soil at different depths through the liquid addition mechanism 7; Step 3: During the microbial culture, the sampling mechanism 6 takes samples of microorganisms at different depths to continuously track the culture status of microorganisms in the soil at different depths. Based on the sampling and testing results, the nutrient solution is replenished to the microorganisms at different depths through the liquid addition mechanism 7. Step 4: After the microbial culture is completed, the drive motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate, thereby driving multiple sets of culture cylinders 5 to rotate so that the bottom of the culture cylinder 5 coincides with the through hole 11 of the base. The culture soil in the culture cylinder 5 is then quickly removed through the through hole 11 of the base.

[0067] Specifically, regarding the above steps: In step one, the drive motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate, which in turn drives multiple sets of culture cylinders 5 to rotate, causing the bottom of the culture cylinders 5 to be misaligned with the through hole 11 of the base, thereby effectively sealing the bottom of the culture cylinders 5. This step aims to provide a sealed and stable environment for microbial culture and prevent the culture soil from leaking from the bottom during the initial stage or process of culture. The method of sealing the bottom of the culture cylinders 5 can be varied. For example, the outer diameter of the bottom of the culture cylinder 5 can be slightly larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 11 of the base, forming a physical barrier through rotational misalignment; or, an elastic sealing ring can be provided at the edge of the through hole 11 of the base, which is compressed when the bottom of the culture cylinder 5 rotates to the misaligned position, thus forming a tight seal. Alternatively, a movable sealing plate can be provided below the through hole 11 of the base, which moves to the bottom of the through hole 11 of the base for auxiliary sealing after the culture cylinder 5 rotates to its correct position.

[0068] In step two, the culture soil containing microorganisms is precisely placed into the sealed culture tube 5, and then nutrient solution is added to the culture soil at different depths through the nutrient solution addition mechanism 7. This step is the initial stage of microbial culture, ensuring that the microorganisms receive sufficient initial nutrition. The nutrient solution addition mechanism 7 can add nutrient solution to different depths of the culture soil. This can be achieved by: the nutrient solution addition mechanism 7 having multiple independent nutrient solution addition channels inside, each corresponding to a different depth inside the culture tube 5, and controlling the valves or pumping time of each channel to achieve precise depth nutrient solution addition; or, the nutrient solution addition mechanism 7 can use a vertically movable nutrient solution addition nozzle that moves along the depth direction inside the culture tube 5 and sprays nutrient solution at a preset depth position.

[0069] In step three, during microbial cultivation, the sampling mechanism 6 samples microorganisms at different depths to continuously track their cultivation status in the soil at different depths. Based on the sampling and testing results, the nutrient solution is then replenished to the microorganisms at different depths via the nutrient solution replenishment mechanism 7. This step is the core of dynamic monitoring and control during the cultivation process. The sampling mechanism 6 enables non-destructive sampling of microorganisms at different depths. For example, the sampling mechanism 6 can use a micro-auger drill bit to extract a small amount of sample while rotating and inserting into the soil, with minimal disturbance to the surrounding soil structure; alternatively, the sampling mechanism 6 can use a negative pressure suction method, inserting a thin tube into a specific depth in the soil to extract trace amounts of soil solution or microbial suspension for analysis. The role of the nutrient solution replenishment mechanism 7 at this time is to provide targeted replenishment based on the monitoring results. Its operation is similar to that in step two, but it places greater emphasis on adjustments based on real-time data. For example, through an automated control system, the type and amount of nutrient solution replenished to a specific depth can be precisely controlled based on the nutrient solution concentration or microbial activity data fed back by sensors.

[0070] In step four, after the microbial culture is completed, the drive motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate again, thereby rotating multiple sets of culture cylinders 5. This causes the bottom of the culture cylinder 5 to coincide with the through hole 11 of the abutment, allowing the culture soil inside the culture cylinder 5 to be quickly removed through the through hole 11. This step aims to efficiently and conveniently end the culture process and recover the culture soil. Methods to achieve rapid removal of the culture soil include: designing the inner wall of the through hole 11 as a smooth conical structure to reduce resistance during soil discharge; or, after the bottom of the culture cylinder 5 coincides with the through hole 11, applying slight vibration or tapping to assist in the smooth discharge of the culture soil; or, installing a downward-pushable piston or scraper inside the culture cylinder 5 to push the culture soil out upon coinciding.

[0071] Through the above technical solution, this application provides a systematic method for soil microbial culture, effectively solving the problem of lack of coordinated overall operation in existing technologies. This method ensures the stability of the culture environment and prevents leakage of the culture soil through initial rotational sealing; precise nutrient solution addition to culture soil at different depths via the liquid addition mechanism 7 achieves refined construction of the culture environment; during the culture process, non-destructive, deep-targeted microbial sampling is performed using the sampling mechanism 6, combined with dynamic nutrient solution replenishment via the liquid addition mechanism 7, allowing continuous tracking and optimization of the microbial culture status, avoiding damage to the soil stratification structure, and ensuring the repeatability and accuracy of the culture; finally, rapid and efficient removal of the culture soil is achieved through rotational alignment, significantly improving operational efficiency. Overall, this method achieves full-process optimization from culture preparation and dynamic monitoring to culture completion, ensuring the non-destructive, repeatable, and highly efficient nature of the soil microbial culture process, providing strong support for in-depth research on soil microbial ecology.

[0072] The following example will provide a more detailed explanation of the above technical solution: A microbiology research institution needs to conduct long-term cultivation and monitoring of soil microbial communities at different depths to study their growth patterns and metabolic activities under specific environmental conditions. This research requires the ability to perform non-destructive, repeatable micro-sampling of microorganisms at specific depths without disrupting the original soil stratification, and to inject nutrient solutions in a targeted manner.

[0073] First, the researchers layered the soil to be cultured into multiple culture cylinders 5. Before filling with soil, the drive motor 2 drove the drive shaft 3 to rotate, and the drive shaft 3 drove the culture cylinder 5 to rotate through the shaft connecting column 4, so that the bottom of the culture cylinder 5 was misaligned with the through hole 11 on the culture platform 1, thereby effectively sealing the bottom of the culture cylinder 5 and preventing soil loss in the early stage of cultivation.

[0074] After the soil is filled, nutrient solution needs to be added to the potting soil at different depths. At this point, the nutrient solution adding mechanism 7 comes into play. By rotating the inner nutrient solution adding tube 73, the inner tube drain hole 731 at the specific depth where nutrient solution needs to be added is aligned with the corresponding outer tube drain hole 712. Meanwhile, the inner tube drain holes 731 at other depths are blocked by the inner wall of the outer nutrient solution adding tube 71. To ensure that the inner nutrient solution adding tube 73 remains stably in the selected position after rotation, multiple limiting mechanisms 74 are provided on the upper outer wall of the inner nutrient solution adding tube 73. When the inner tube drain hole 731 aligns with the outer tube drain hole 712, the V-shaped locking head 744 in the limiting mechanism 74, under the action of the locking spring 742, simultaneously engages with the V-shaped locking groove 711 at the upper end of the outer nutrient solution adding tube 71, thereby achieving precise depth positioning and locking. The nutrient solution is precisely injected into the soil at the target depth through the arc-shaped drain pipe 72, avoiding interference with other soil layers. This targeted injection method solves the problem of the difficulty in injecting materials at a specific depth in existing technologies.

[0075] During microbial culture, researchers need to periodically sample microorganisms at different depths to track their culture status. The sampling mechanism 6 is installed outside the sampling port 51 on the side wall of the culture cylinder 5. When sampling is required, the sampling mechanism 6 first drives the threaded screw 63 to rotate via motor 62. The threaded screw 63 drives the screw seat 64 to move up and down within the sampling sleeve 61, thereby positioning the sampling support 641 and its guide sleeve 642 at the target sampling depth. Subsequently, motor 65 drives gear 66 to rotate. Gear 66 meshes with the outer tube drive gear 685 on the outer sampling tube 68, driving the entire sampling tube assembly to move laterally and insert into the culture cylinder 5 through the sampling port 51. During the insertion of the sampling tube assembly, the conical head at the end of the outer sampling tube 68 engages with the inclined surface 551 of the sampling baffle 55 in the baffle assembly, pushing the guide slider 54 to slide within the guide cover 52 and compressing the elastic telescopic rod 53, temporarily opening the sampling baffle 55. Once the sampling tube assembly is fully inserted, the baffle assembly will reset, sealing the gap between the sampling port 51 and the sampling tube assembly, effectively preventing soil displacement or contamination during the sampling process.

[0076] Before the material feeding tube assembly is inserted into the culture tube 5, the semi-circular inner tube 671 is below the semi-circular outer tube 681. The semi-circular inner tube 671 and the semi-circular outer tube 681 form a cylindrical structure, which is then inserted into the culture tube 5 under the action of gear 66 and outer tube drive gear 685.

[0077] After the sampling tube assembly is inserted to the target depth, motor 4 692 drives the sampling outer tube 68 to rotate via gear 2 693 and the inner gear 684 of the outer tube. The semi-circular inner tube 671 and the semi-circular outer tube 681 rotate in coordination, cutting and collecting trace, undisturbed soil samples from the soil. Since the inner diameter of the semi-circular outer tube 681 is equal to the outer diameter of the semi-circular inner tube 671, they fit tightly together, ensuring the accuracy of the sampling process and minimal disturbance to the soil structure. After sampling, the sampling tube assembly is pulled out laterally, and the sampling baffle 55 resets under the action of the elastic telescopic rod 53, completely sealing the sampling port 51 again. This sampling method achieves non-destructive, repeatable trace sampling of soil at a specific depth, overcoming the difficulty in sampling without damaging the overall soil stratification structure in existing technologies.

[0078] After the microbial soil is sampled from the culture tube 5, the motor 646 drives the semi-circular inner tube 671 to rotate upward, so that the openings of the semi-circular outer tube 681 and the semi-circular inner tube 671 are both facing downward, so that the sample is poured out from the opening and then discharged through the discharge port 611.

[0079] Based on the sampling and testing results, researchers can replenish the corresponding nutrient solution to the microbial culture soil at different depths through the liquid addition mechanism 7, thereby achieving precise control of culture conditions.

[0080] Once the microbial culture is complete, researchers need to quickly remove the culture medium. At this point, the drive motor 2 drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate again, thereby rotating multiple culture cylinders 5 so that the bottom of the culture cylinders 5 coincides with the abutment through-hole 11 on the culture medium platform 1. Under the action of gravity, the culture medium is quickly discharged through the abutment through-hole 11, facilitating subsequent processing.

[0081] Based on the same inventive concept as the soil microbial culture device and method described in the foregoing embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a gas production energy efficiency optimization and carbon emission management system, wherein the system specifically includes: The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil microbial culture device, characterized in that: include: A culture medium platform (1) serves as the installation support for biological culture. A drive motor (2) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the culture medium platform (1). A drive spindle (3) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (2). Multiple spindle connecting columns (4) are fixedly arranged on the outer periphery of the drive spindle (3). A culture tube (5) is fixedly connected to the end of the spindle connecting column (4) away from the drive spindle (3). Multiple base through holes (11) are provided on the culture medium platform (1). The base through holes (11) are used to discharge the culture soil in the culture tube (5). The culture tube (5) has a material inlet (51) on its side wall. A material inlet (51) is fixedly installed on the outside of the material inlet (51). The material inlet (6) is used to sample the microorganisms cultured at different depths inside the culture tube (5). A liquid addition mechanism (7) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the culture tube (5) away from the material inlet (6). The liquid addition mechanism (7) is used to add nutrient solution to the microbial culture soil inside the culture tube (5) at different depths.

2. The soil microbial culture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material handling mechanism (6) includes a material handling sleeve (61), a discharge port (611) is provided at the bottom of the material handling sleeve (61), a threaded screw (63) is rotatably installed inside the material handling sleeve (61), a motor (62) for driving the threaded screw (63) to rotate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the material handling sleeve (61), a screw seat (64) is threaded on the threaded screw (63), and the screw seat (64) slides against the inner side wall of the material handling sleeve (61); a material handling support (641) is fixedly provided at the lower end of the screw seat (64), a guide sleeve (642) is fixedly provided on the side of the material handling support (641) away from the screw seat (64), and a material handling tube assembly for material handling is slidably provided through the guide sleeve (642).

3. The soil microbial culture device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material receiving tube assembly includes an inner material receiving tube (67) and an outer material receiving tube (68). The outer material receiving tube (68) is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the inner material receiving tube (67). A fixed plate (643) is fixedly installed on the side of the material receiving support (641) near the guide sleeve (642). A telescopic sleeve (644) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (643). A sleeve connecting plate (645) is fixedly installed at the end of the telescopic sleeve (644) away from the fixed plate (643). A second motor (646) is fixedly installed on the sleeve connecting plate (645). The output end of the second motor (646) is fixedly connected to the inner material receiving tube (67).

4. The soil microbial culture device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sampling inner tube (67) includes an inner tube cylinder (672), one end of which is fixedly provided with a semi-circular inner tube (671) for holding sampled microorganisms, and the other end of which is fixedly provided with an inner tube shaft (673) that is fixedly connected to the output end of motor two (646).

5. A soil microbial culture device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material-receiving outer tube (68) includes an outer tube sleeve (683) rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the inner tube cylinder (672). One end of the outer tube sleeve (683) is fixedly provided with a semi-circular outer tube (681) that cooperates with the semi-circular inner tube (671). The inner diameter of the semi-circular outer tube (681) is equal to the outer diameter of the semi-circular inner tube (671). An end baffle (682) is fixedly provided at the end of the semi-circular outer tube (681) away from the outer tube sleeve (683). An outer tube drive (69) for driving the material-receiving outer tube (68) to rotate is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the inner tube shaft (673). The outer tube drive (69) includes a motor base plate (691) fixedly mounted on the inner tube cylinder (672), a motor four (692) fixedly mounted on the motor base plate (691), a gear two (693) fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor four (692), and an outer tube inner tooth (684) that meshes with the gear two (693) on the inner circumference of the outer tube sleeve (683).

6. The soil microbial culture device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end baffle (682) is provided with a conical head at the end away from the semi-circular outer tube (681). The outer wall of the culture tube (5) is provided with a baffle assembly for blocking the feeding port (51). Multiple sets of the baffle assembly are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the culture tube (5) for the feeding tube assembly to sample microorganisms at different depths. The baffle assembly includes two sets of guide covers (52) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the culture tube (5) on both sides of the feeding port (51). A guide slider (54) is slidably installed inside the guide cover (52). The end of the guide slider (54) away from the feeding port (51) is connected to the inner wall of the guide cover (52) through an elastic telescopic rod (53). A feeding baffle (55) is fixedly installed at the end of the guide slider (54) close to the feeding port (51). The feeding baffle (55) is provided with a baffle slope (551) that cooperates with the conical head.

7. The soil microbial culture device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Motor 3 (65) is fixedly installed on the fixed plate (643), and gear 1 (66) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of motor 3 (65). The outer wall of the semi-circular outer tube (681) is provided with outer tube drive teeth (685) along the axial direction. The outer tube drive teeth (685) are meshed with gear 1 (66).

8. The soil microbial culture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid addition mechanism (7) includes a liquid addition outer tube (71) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the culture cylinder (5). The liquid addition outer tube (71) has a plurality of outer tube leakage holes (712) arranged along the axial direction. An arc-shaped drainage pipe (72) for adding nutrient solution to the soil inside the culture cylinder (5) is connected to the outer tube leakage hole (712). The liquid-adding outer tube (71) is rotatably provided with a liquid-adding inner tube (73). The side wall of the liquid-adding inner tube (73) is provided with a plurality of inner tube leakage holes (731). The axial spacing of the plurality of inner tube leakage holes (731) along the liquid-adding outer tube (71) is equal to that of the outer tube leakage holes (712), and the projection of the plurality of inner tube leakage holes (731) on the horizontal plane is distributed in a ring array.

9. A soil microbial culture device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper outer wall of the liquid filling inner tube (73) is provided with a limiting mechanism (74), and the upper end of the liquid filling outer tube (71) is provided with a plurality of V-shaped grooves (711) that cooperate with the limiting mechanism (74). The limiting mechanism (74) includes a limiting guide sleeve (741) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the liquid adding inner tube (73). A sliding block (743) is slidably installed on the lower part of the limiting guide sleeve (741). The upper end of the sliding block (743) is connected to the inner wall of the limiting guide sleeve (741) through a snap-fit ​​spring (742). A V-shaped locking head (744) that cooperates with the V-shaped locking groove (711) is provided at the lower end of the sliding block (743).

10. A method for cultivating soil microorganisms according to claim 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: First, drive the drive spindle (3) to rotate by the drive motor (2), thereby driving multiple sets of culture tubes (5) to rotate so that the bottom of the culture tube (5) is misaligned with the through hole (11) of the base, thus sealing the bottom of the culture tube (5); Step 2: Place the culture soil containing microorganisms into the culture tube (5), and add nutrient solution to the culture soil at different depths through the liquid addition mechanism (7); Step 3: During the microbial culture, the microorganisms at different depths are sampled by the sampling mechanism (6) to continuously track the culture status of the microorganisms in the soil at different depths. Based on the sampling and testing results, the corresponding nutrient solution is supplemented to the microorganisms at different depths by the liquid addition mechanism (7). Step 4: After the microbial culture is completed, the drive motor (2) drives the drive spindle (3) to rotate, thereby driving multiple sets of culture tubes (5) to rotate so that the bottom of the culture tube (5) coincides with the through hole (11) of the base. The culture soil in the culture tube (5) is quickly taken out through the through hole (11) of the base.

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