Wheat and rice straw anhydrous paper pulp process and equipment thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a wheat and rice straw anhydrous pulp process and equipment thereof, and belongs to the technical field of anhydrous pulp processing, the equipment comprises a crushing tank, a rotating rod is vertically and rotatably mounted in the crushing tank, the rotating rod is slidably sleeved with a cylindrical pipe, and a plurality of bearing pipes are mounted on the cylindrical pipe in a penetrating manner; according to the wheat and rice straw anhydrous paper pulp process and the equipment thereof, through chopping, coarse crushing, fine crushing and three-stage crushing, combined with compound motion of autorotation and reciprocating stretching and retracting of the small crushing cutters, the paper pulp can be fully crushed, the paper pulp can be fully crushed, the paper pulp can be fully crushed, and the paper pulp can be fully crushed. The length of straw fibers is accurately controlled to be 1-3 mm in cooperation with the limiting effect of the concave limiting rail and the guide limiting block, the problem that fibers of traditional equipment are not uniform is solved, high-quality raw materials are provided for follow-up pulping, and the strength and toughness of paper pulp are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of anhydrous pulp processing technology, specifically to an anhydrous pulp process and equipment using wheat and rice straw. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the paper industry, timber resources are becoming increasingly scarce. Wheat and rice straw, as agricultural waste, are widely available and inexpensive, making them an important alternative raw material for pulp production. In the production process of anhydrous pulp from wheat and rice straw, the straw crushing effect directly determines the quality and production efficiency of the subsequent pulp. Currently, most straw crushing equipment commonly used in the industry adopts a single crushing structure, such as hammer mills or roller mills, which has certain technical defects. Traditional crushing equipment can only perform coarse crushing of straw, and cannot perform fine crushing of straw. The straw fibers obtained after crushing have large differences in length and poor uniformity. Some fiber lengths far exceed the reasonable range required for anhydrous pulp production (usually the fiber length is required to be controlled within 1-3mm). This problem directly leads to poor fiber dispersion and inability to interweave evenly in the subsequent pulping process. The final pulp produced has low strength and insufficient toughness, which makes it difficult to meet the production requirements of high-quality paper. Traditional equipment has a simple crushing component design. During the crushing process, straw is easily entangled on the crushing rollers, shafts and other components, causing blockages. To ensure the normal operation of the equipment, workers need to frequently stop the machine to clean the entangled straw, which not only interrupts the production process but also increases the intensity of manual labor. This intermittent production mode cannot meet the continuous and high-capacity requirements of large-scale waterless pulp production lines, and seriously restricts the improvement of production efficiency. Therefore, developing a pulverizing device and process that can achieve efficient and fine pulverization of wheat and rice straw, with low energy consumption and strong adaptability, has become key to promoting the industrial application of waterless pulping technology using wheat and rice straw. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a process and equipment for making waterless pulp from wheat and rice straw, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a process and equipment for anhydrous pulping of wheat and rice straw, comprising a rotating rod vertically rotatably installed inside the crushing tank, a cylindrical tube slidably sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod, the cylindrical tube being coaxial with the rotating rod, a sliding gap being reserved between the inner wall of the cylindrical tube and the outer wall of the rotating rod, multiple bearing tubes being installed through the cylindrical tube, multiple large crushing blades being fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cylindrical tube, and two L-shaped frames being fixedly installed on the top of the cylindrical tube; The rotating rod has a columnar power cavity coaxial with the rotating rod inside. The side wall of the power cavity has multiple rectangular holes evenly distributed around the circumference. The number of rectangular holes is the same as that of the bearing tube and their positions correspond one-to-one. A polygonal column is vertically fixedly installed inside the power cavity. A feed pipe is installed through the top of the crushing tank, and a discharge hole is opened through the bottom of the crushing tank. Multiple guide limiting blocks are vertically fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating rod, and multiple guide limiting grooves adapted to the guide limiting blocks are opened on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube. The guide limiting blocks are all slidably installed in the corresponding guide limiting grooves. The feed pipe is equipped with a chopping component for preliminary chopping of wheat and rice straw. The top of the crushing tank is equipped with a drive assembly for providing power to the rotating rod and the shredding assembly; The L-shaped frame is equipped with a reciprocating component; The polygonal column is equipped with a telescopic component; The bearing tube is equipped with a fine crushing component.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, the entire process of processing wheat and rice straw from initial chopping to coarse crushing and then to fine crushing can be realized. All components work together to solve the defects of the single crushing structure of traditional equipment.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the fine crushing component includes a rotating shaft, a rectangular rod, a first gear, and a toothed plate. The rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the bearing tube. One end of the rotating shaft passes through a rectangular hole and extends into the power chamber, and a rectangular rod is fixedly installed at that end. The first gear is slidably sleeved on the rectangular rod. A toothed plate meshes with the outside of the first gear. The toothed plate is vertically fixed inside the power chamber. A small crushing blade is fixedly installed at the other end of the rotating shaft.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation of the small crusher blade is achieved through gear meshing transmission.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: a plurality of concave limiting tracks are vertically fixedly installed inside the power cavity, and a toothed plate is vertically fixedly installed inside each of the concave limiting tracks. A first gear is slidably arranged inside each of the concave limiting tracks, and the first gear can reciprocate within the concave limiting tracks.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the concave limiting track plays a dual limiting role for the first gear.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the telescopic assembly includes fan-shaped protrusions, a return spring, and a first roller. The portion of the rotating shaft located within the power cavity is fitted with a return spring, and the return spring is located between the rectangular rod and the bearing tube. The rectangular rod is rotatably mounted with a first roller near the polygonal column. Multiple fan-shaped protrusions are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the polygonal column. The fan-shaped protrusions can roll and contact the first roller to drive the rotating shaft to reciprocate within the bearing tube.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the reciprocating extension and retraction of the rotating shaft is achieved by relying on the periodic contact of the mechanical structure and the spring reset.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the reciprocating assembly includes a corrugated guide rail, a tension spring, and a connecting frame. An annular body is fixedly installed at the top of the crushing tank, and a corrugated guide rail is provided at the bottom of the annular body. Multiple connecting frames are fixedly installed on the rotating rod. A tension spring is vertically fixedly installed at the bottom of each connecting frame. The bottom of each tension spring is fixedly installed on a corresponding L-shaped frame. A second roller is rotatably installed on the top of each L-shaped frame near the corrugated guide rail. The second roller can roll within the corrugated guide rail.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the reciprocating sliding of the cylindrical tube is achieved by utilizing the combination of the wave-shaped trajectory and the spring tension.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the drive assembly includes a motor, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear. The motor is fixedly installed on the top of the crushing tank. The output end of the motor passes through the top of the crushing tank and extends into the crushing tank. This end is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating rod. The second bevel gear is fixedly installed on the part of the motor output end located outside the crushing tank. The first bevel gear meshes with the outer side of the second bevel gear.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a single power source can synchronously drive the rotating rod and the shredding assembly, simplifying the equipment structure and reducing energy consumption.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: the shredding assembly includes a first roller, a second roller, a second gear, and a third gear. The first roller and the second roller are rotatably installed inside the feed pipe. Multiple cutting blades are fixedly installed on the outer walls of both the first roller and the second roller. The end of the first roller extends outside the feed pipe and is fixedly installed with a third gear. The third gear meshes with a second gear on its outer side. The second gear is fixedly installed at the end of the second roller. A connecting rod is fixedly installed at the end of the first roller away from the third gear. A first bevel gear is fixedly disposed on the end of the connecting rod away from the first roller.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the initial cutting of wheat and rice straw can be achieved, laying the foundation for the subsequent crushing process.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a conical discharge pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge hole, and a scraper is horizontally fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating rod. The scraper can push the fibers crushed at the bottom of the crushing tank into the conical discharge pipe for discharge.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the problem of fiber accumulation at the bottom of the crushing tank after crushing is solved, ensuring smooth discharge.

[0020] A process and equipment for producing anhydrous pulp from wheat and rice straw, comprising the following steps: Preliminary chopping: Start the drive unit to drive the chopping unit to operate, feed the wheat and rice straw through the feed pipe, and use the cutting blades in the chopping unit to preliminarily chop the straw to obtain short straw pieces; Coarse crushing: The short straw segments after initial crushing fall into the crushing tank. The drive component drives the rotating rod to rotate. The rotating rod drives the cylindrical tube to rotate synchronously through the cooperation of the guide limiting block and the guide limiting groove. The large crushing blade on the cylindrical tube coarsely crushes the short straw segments. Reciprocating fine crushing: The reciprocating component drives the cylindrical tube to slide back and forth along the axis of the rotating rod. At the same time, the telescopic component drives the rotating shaft in the fine crushing component to reciprocate within the bearing tube. The small crushing blade at the end of the rotating shaft performs fine crushing on the coarsely crushed straw. The first gear meshes with the toothed plate to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, further improving the fine crushing effect and ensuring that the straw fiber length meets the requirements of pulp production. Discharge and collection: The scraper at the bottom of the rotating rod rotates with the rotating rod, pushing the straw fibers that meet the requirements at the bottom of the crushing tank into the discharge hole, and then discharging and collecting them through the conical discharge pipe, thus completing the crushing and processing of wheat and rice straw anhydrous pulp.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the waterless pulping process and equipment using wheat and rice straw: 1. High crushing precision ensures pulp quality: Through three-stage crushing—shredding, coarse crushing, and fine crushing—combined with the combined motion of the small crushing blade's rotation and reciprocating extension, and the limiting effect of the concave limiting track and guide limiting block, the length of straw fibers is precisely controlled within 1-3mm, solving the problem of uneven fiber distribution in traditional equipment, providing high-quality raw materials for subsequent pulping, and ensuring the strength and toughness of the pulp.

[0022] 2. High crushing efficiency, suitable for large-scale production: The reciprocating component drives the crushing parts to move up and down, the telescopic component expands the fine crushing range and avoids crushing dead corners, the shredding component cuts the straw to prevent entanglement, and the scraper and conical discharge pipe prevent material blockage, reducing downtime and realizing continuous production to meet the needs of large-scale production lines. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from a bottom view; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the crushing tank of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crushing tank of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second rollers of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cylindrical tube structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotating rod and cylindrical tube of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical tube, polygonal column, and concave limiting track structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a top view of the polygonal column, the supporting tube, and the rotating shaft of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Crushing tank; 2. Rotating rod; 3. Cylindrical tube; 4. Bearing tube; 5. Power chamber; 6. Rectangular hole; 7. Polygonal column; 8. Fan-shaped protrusion; 9. Rotating shaft; 10. Rectangular rod; 11. Wave-shaped guide rail; 12. Return spring; 13. First gear; 14. Concave limiting track; 15. Toothed plate; 16. First roller; 17. Small crushing blade; 18. Guide limiting groove; 19. Guide limiting block; 20. L-shaped frame; 21. Second roller; 22. Tension spring; 23. Connecting frame; 24. Ring body; 25. Feed pipe; 26. First roller; 27. Second roller; 28. Second gear; 29. ​​Third gear; 30. Motor; 31. First bevel gear; 32. Second bevel gear; 33. Discharge hole; 34. Conical discharge pipe; 35. Connecting rod; 36. Cutting blade; 37. Large crushing blade; 38. Scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-9The present invention provides a technical solution: a process and equipment for anhydrous pulping of wheat and rice straw, comprising a vertically rotating rod 2 installed inside a crushing tank 1, a cylindrical tube 3 slidably sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod 2, the cylindrical tube 3 being coaxial with the rotating rod 2, a sliding gap being reserved between the inner wall of the cylindrical tube 3 and the outer wall of the rotating rod 2, a plurality of bearing tubes 4 being installed through the cylindrical tube 3, a plurality of large crushing blades 37 being fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cylindrical tube 3, and two L-shaped frames 20 being fixedly installed on the top of the cylindrical tube 3.

[0027] The rotating rod 2 has a columnar power cavity 5 coaxial with the rotating rod 2 inside. Multiple rectangular holes 6 are evenly opened in the side wall of the power cavity 5 along the circumference. The number of rectangular holes 6 is the same as that of the bearing tube 4 and their positions correspond one-to-one. A polygonal column 7 is vertically fixedly installed in the power cavity 5.

[0028] A feed pipe 25 is installed through the top of the crushing tank 1, and a discharge hole 33 is opened through the bottom of the crushing tank 1. Multiple guide limiting blocks 19 are vertically fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rotating rod 2. Multiple guide limiting grooves 18 adapted to the guide limiting blocks 19 are opened on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube 3. The guide limiting blocks 19 are all slidably installed in the corresponding guide limiting grooves 18.

[0029] The feed pipe 25 is equipped with a chopping component for preliminary chopping of wheat and rice straw; The top of the crushing tank 1 is equipped with a drive assembly for providing power to the rotating rod 2 and the shredding assembly; The L-shaped frame 20 is equipped with a reciprocating assembly for driving the cylindrical tube 3 to slide back and forth along the axis of the rotating rod 2.

[0030] The polygonal column 7 is equipped with a telescopic component; the polygonal column 7 rotates synchronously with the rotating rod 2; A fine crushing component is installed inside the bearing pipe 4.

[0031] Specifically, it can realize the whole process of processing wheat and rice straw from initial chopping to coarse crushing and then to fine crushing. All components work together to solve the defects of the single crushing structure of traditional equipment. The chopping component first cuts long straw into short segments to avoid subsequent entanglement. The coarse crushing component quickly crushes short straw segments with large crushing blades 37, laying the foundation for fine crushing. The reciprocating component drives the cylindrical tube 3 to slide up and down to expand the coarse crushing range. The telescopic component works with the fine crushing component to make the small crushing blades 17 reciprocate and extend while rotating, to finely crush the straw, ensuring that the fiber length meets the standard. The entire process does not require water, which meets the requirements of anhydrous pulp production. At the same time, the components ensure motion accuracy and improve the stability of equipment operation through structures such as guide limiting blocks 19 and guide limiting grooves 18.

[0032] Furthermore, the fine crushing assembly includes a rotating shaft 9, a rectangular rod 10, a first gear 13, and a toothed plate 15. The rotating shaft 9 is rotatably installed inside the bearing tube 4. One end of the rotating shaft 9 passes through the rectangular hole 6 and extends into the power chamber 5, and the rectangular rod 10 is fixedly installed at this end. The first gear 13 is slidably sleeved on the rectangular rod 10. The toothed plate 15 meshes with the outer side of the first gear 13. The toothed plate 15 is vertically fixed in the power chamber 5. A small crushing blade 17 is fixedly installed at the other end of the rotating shaft 9.

[0033] Specifically, the rotation of the small crusher 17 is achieved by gear meshing transmission. When the cylindrical tube 3 rotates with the rotating rod 2, the rectangular rod 10 drives the first gear 13 to make circular motion around the axis of the rotating rod 2. Since the first gear 13 meshes with the fixed toothed plate 15, the meshing action will drive the first gear 13 to rotate, which in turn drives the rectangular rod 10, the rotating shaft 9 and the small crusher 17 to rotate synchronously. The high-speed rotation of the small crusher 17 can perform cutting-type fine crushing on the coarsely crushed straw. Compared with the traditional impact crushing, it can more accurately control the fiber length, avoid excessive fiber breakage or excessively long residue, and meet the strict requirements of anhydrous pulp production for fiber length. At the same time, the sliding cooperation between the rectangular rod 10 and the first gear 13 reserves space for the subsequent reciprocating telescopic movement of the rotating shaft 9, without affecting the operation of the telescopic component.

[0034] Furthermore, multiple concave limiting tracks 14 are vertically fixedly installed inside the power cavity 5. Each concave limiting track 14 has a toothed plate 15 vertically fixedly installed inside it. Each concave limiting track 14 has a first gear 13 slidably installed inside it, and the first gear 13 can reciprocate within the concave limiting track 14.

[0035] Specifically, the concave limiting track 14 plays a dual limiting role for the first gear 13: on the one hand, the concave structure of the track can limit the radial displacement of the first gear 13, preventing the first gear 13 from disengaging from the tooth plate 15 due to force deviation during meshing rotation, ensuring the stability of gear meshing, avoiding the small crushing blade 17 from stopping due to meshing failure, and ensuring the continuity of fine crushing; on the other hand, the track is set vertically and slides with the first gear 13, which can guide the first gear 13 to move stably in the vertical direction. When the cylindrical tube 3 drives the first gear 13 to slide up and down, the concave limiting track 14 can prevent the first gear 13 from tilting or jamming, ensuring that the first gear 13 always maintains a good meshing state with the tooth plate 15 during the sliding process, further improving the stability and reliability of the fine crushing component movement.

[0036] Furthermore, the telescopic assembly includes fan-shaped protrusions 8, return springs 12, and first rollers 16. The portion of the rotating shaft 9 located within the power cavity 5 is fitted with return springs 12, and the return springs 12 are located between the rectangular rod 10 and the bearing tube 4. The rectangular rod 10 is rotatably mounted with first rollers 16 near the polygonal column 7. Multiple fan-shaped protrusions 8 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the polygonal column 7. The fan-shaped protrusions 8 can roll and contact with the first rollers 16 to drive the rotating shaft 9 to reciprocate within the bearing tube 4.

[0037] Specifically, the reciprocating extension and retraction of the rotating shaft 9 is achieved through the periodic contact of the mechanical structure and the spring return. When the rotating rod 2 drives the polygonal column 7 to rotate synchronously, the fan-shaped protrusion 8 on the polygonal column 7 will move in a circular motion. When the arc surface of the fan-shaped protrusion 8 contacts the first roller 16, it will generate a radial thrust on the first roller 16, pushing the first roller 16 to move away from the polygonal column 7. This, in turn, drives the rectangular rod 10 and the rotating shaft 9 to extend outward along the bearing tube 4, and the small crushing blade 17 moves outward accordingly, expanding the range of fine crushing. When the fan-shaped protrusion 8 rotates away from the first roller 16, the reciprocating extension and retraction of the rotating shaft 9 is achieved. After the first roller 16 is opened, the elastic restoring force of the return spring 12 will push the rotating shaft 9 back towards the power chamber 5, causing the small crushing blade 17 to retract. This periodic telescopic motion, combined with the rotation of the small crushing blade 17, forms a compound crushing action of rotation and reciprocating telescopic motion, which can comprehensively crush straw in different positions in the crushing tank 1, avoiding crushing dead corners. At the same time, the rolling contact method can reduce the friction and wear between the fan-shaped protrusion 8 and the first roller 16, extending the service life of the components. The setting of the return spring 12 ensures that the rotating shaft 9 resets in time and moves smoothly.

[0038] Furthermore, the reciprocating assembly includes a corrugated guide rail 11, a tension spring 22, and a connecting frame 23. An annular body 24 is fixedly installed at the top inside the crushing tank 1. The bottom of the annular body 24 is provided with a corrugated guide rail 11. Multiple connecting frames 23 are fixedly installed on the rotating rod 2. A tension spring 22 is vertically fixedly installed at the bottom of each connecting frame 23. The bottom of each tension spring 22 is fixedly installed on a corresponding L-shaped frame 20. A second roller 21 is rotatably installed on the top of each L-shaped frame 20 near the corrugated guide rail 11. The second roller 21 can roll inside the corrugated guide rail 11.

[0039] Specifically, the reciprocating sliding of the cylindrical tube 3 is achieved by utilizing the combination of a wavy trajectory and spring tension. When the rotating rod 2 rotates, it drives the tension spring 22 and the L-shaped frame 20 to rotate synchronously through the connecting frame 23. The second roller 21 on the L-shaped frame 20 rolls along the wavy guide rail 11 at the bottom of the annular body 24. The crests and troughs of the wavy guide rail 11 exert a vertical force on the second roller 21. When the second roller 21 rolls to the crest position, it drives the L-shaped frame 20 to move upward, thereby pulling the cylindrical tube 3 to slide upward along the rotating rod 2. When the second roller 21 rolls to the trough position, the tension spring 22... Under the pulling force, the L-shaped frame 20 will return to its original position downwards, causing the cylindrical tube 3 to slide downwards along the rotating rod 2. This up-and-down reciprocating motion that occurs synchronously with the rotation of the rotating rod 2 allows the large crushing blade 37 and the small crushing blade 17 on the cylindrical tube 3 to move vertically while making circular motion. This can cover straw of different heights in the crushing tank 1, avoiding the problem of insufficient crushing of the upper or lower layers of straw by traditional fixed-height crushing blades, and significantly improving the overall efficiency of coarse and fine crushing. The setting of the tension spring 22 ensures that the second roller 21 is always in close contact with the wave-shaped guide rail 11, preventing movement jamming due to gaps.

[0040] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a motor 30, a first bevel gear 31, and a second bevel gear 32. The motor 30 is fixedly installed on the top of the crushing tank 1. The output end of the motor 30 passes through the top of the crushing tank 1 and extends into the crushing tank 1. This end is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating rod 2. The second bevel gear 32 is fixedly installed on the part of the output end of the motor 30 located outside the crushing tank 1. The first bevel gear 31 meshes with the outer side of the second bevel gear 32.

[0041] Specifically, a single power source synchronously drives the rotating rod 2 and the chopping assembly, simplifying the equipment structure and reducing energy consumption. After the motor 30 starts, its output directly drives the rotating rod 2 to rotate, providing power for the coarse crushing, fine crushing, reciprocating and telescopic components. At the same time, the output of the motor 30 drives the outer second bevel gear 32 to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of the bevel gears, the second bevel gear 32 drives the first bevel gear 31 to rotate, thereby providing power for the chopping assembly. This transmission method does not require an additional independent motor, reducing the number of power components in the equipment, lowering the equipment manufacturing cost and operating energy consumption. Moreover, the bevel gear transmission has the characteristics of high transmission efficiency and compact structure, which can adapt to the installation space limitations at the top of the crushing tank 1, ensuring stable and reliable power transmission and avoiding the problem of disordered straw processing rhythm caused by asynchronous multiple power sources.

[0042] Furthermore, the shredding assembly includes a first roller 26, a second roller 27, a second gear 28, and a third gear 29. The first roller 26 and the second roller 27 are rotatably installed inside the feed pipe 25. Multiple cutting blades 36 are fixedly installed on the outer walls of both the first roller 26 and the second roller 27. The end of the first roller 26 extends outside the feed pipe 25 and is fixedly installed with the third gear 29. The second gear 28 meshes with the outer side of the third gear 29. The second gear 28 is fixedly installed at the end of the second roller 27. A connecting rod 35 is fixedly installed at the end of the first roller 26 away from the third gear 29. A first bevel gear 31 is fixedly disposed on the end of the connecting rod 35 away from the first roller 26.

[0043] Specifically, this process achieves preliminary cutting of wheat and rice straw, laying the foundation for subsequent crushing. When the first bevel gear 31 rotates, it drives the first roller 26 to rotate synchronously via the connecting rod 35. The third gear 29 at the end of the first roller 26 meshes with the second gear 28 at the end of the second roller 27. Under the action of gear transmission, the second roller 27 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the cutting blades 36 on the first roller 26 and the second roller 27 form a relative rotating shearing structure. When the wheat and rice straw is fed from the feed pipe 25, the relatively rotating cutting blades 36 will cut the long strips of straw into 3-5cm pieces. Short straw segments prevent long straw from directly entering the crushing tank 1 and getting tangled on the rotating rod 2 or the large crushing blade 37, small crushing blade 17, etc., reducing the risk of material blockage from the source. It is also easier for the large crushing blade 37 to perform coarse crushing, which can effectively shorten the coarse crushing time and improve the overall processing efficiency. In addition, the cutting blades 36 are evenly distributed in multiples on the outer walls of the first roller 26 and the second roller 27, which can ensure that the straw is cut evenly and avoid the presence of uncut long straw residues. This provides raw materials of uniform specifications for subsequent coarse and fine crushing processes, ensuring the stable operation of the entire anhydrous pulp process.

[0044] Furthermore, a conical discharge pipe 34 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge hole 33, and a scraper 38 is horizontally fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating rod 2. The scraper 38 can push the fibers crushed at the bottom of the crushing tank 1 into the conical discharge pipe 34 for discharge.

[0045] Specifically, this addresses the issue of fiber accumulation at the bottom of crushing tank 1 after crushing, ensuring smooth material discharge. The specific working principle and advantages are as follows: When the rotating rod 2 rotates, it drives the scraper 38 at the bottom to rotate synchronously. The blade of the scraper 38 is in close contact with the bottom of the crushing tank 1, which can scrape up the crushed fibers deposited at the bottom of the crushing tank 1 and continuously push them towards the discharge hole 33 located at the center of the bottom of the crushing tank 1. This effectively prevents the fibers from accumulating in the corners of the bottom of the crushing tank 1 due to their own weight and prevents the fibers from "bridging" at the inlet of the discharge hole 33, which would cause discharge blockage. The conical discharge pipe 34 fixed at the bottom of the discharge hole 33 has a structure design that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, which has a dual function of guiding and accelerating. After the crushed fibers enter the conical discharge pipe 34, they will slide down quickly along the inner wall of the conical discharge pipe 34 under the action of gravity and be discharged. Compared with the traditional straight cylindrical discharge pipe, it can significantly reduce the residence time of the fibers in the pipe, further reduce the risk of fiber blockage in the pipe, and ultimately ensure the continuous operation of the entire wheat and rice straw anhydrous pulp crushing process, thereby improving the production efficiency of the equipment.

[0046] A process and equipment for producing anhydrous pulp from wheat and rice straw, comprising the following steps: Preliminary chopping: Start the drive component to drive the chopping component to operate, feed the wheat and rice straw through the feed pipe 25, and use the cutting blades 36 in the chopping component to preliminarily chop the straw to obtain short straw segments; Coarse crushing: The pre-chopped short straw pieces fall into the crushing tank 1. The drive assembly drives the rotating rod 2 to rotate, and the rotating rod 2 drives the cylindrical tube 3 to rotate synchronously through the guide limiting block 19. The large crushing blade 37 on the cylindrical tube 3 coarsely crushes the short straw pieces. Reciprocating fine crushing: The reciprocating component drives the cylindrical tube 3 to slide back and forth along the axis of the rotating rod 2. At the same time, the telescopic component drives the rotating shaft 9 in the fine crushing component to reciprocate within the bearing tube 4. The small crushing blade 17 at the end of the rotating shaft 9 performs fine crushing on the coarsely crushed straw. The first gear 13 meshes with the toothed plate 15 to drive the rotating shaft 9 to rotate, further improving the fine crushing effect and ensuring that the straw fiber length meets the requirements of pulp production.

[0047] Discharge and collection: The scraper 38 at the bottom of the rotating rod 2 rotates with the rotating rod 2, pushing the straw fibers that meet the requirements at the bottom of the crushing tank 1 into the discharge hole 33, and then discharging and collecting them through the conical discharge pipe 34, thus completing the crushing and processing of wheat and rice straw anhydrous pulp.

[0048] Working principle: When using the wheat and rice straw anhydrous pulp process and its equipment, the motor 30 in the drive assembly is started. The output end of the motor 30 synchronously drives two parts of the movement. First, the output end of the motor 30 extending into the crushing tank 1 drives the rotating rod 2 to rotate around its own axis through the coupling. Second, the output end of the motor 30 located outside the crushing tank 1 drives the second bevel gear 32 to rotate. Since the second bevel gear 32 meshes with the first bevel gear 31, it drives the first bevel gear 31 to rotate synchronously, providing power to the chopping assembly. When the first bevel gear 31 rotates, it drives the first roller 26 to rotate around its own axis through the connecting rod 35. The third gear 29 at the end of the first roller 26 meshes with the second gear 28 at the end of the second roller 27. Under the action of gear transmission, the second roller 27 rotates synchronously in the opposite direction to the first roller 26. At this point, long strips of wheat and rice straw are fed into the funnel-shaped feed inlet of the feed pipe 25. Under the action of gravity, the straw enters between the first roller 26 and the second roller 27. The cutting blades 36, which are distributed alternately on the outer walls of the two rollers, form a relatively rotating shearing structure to cut the long strips of straw. The short sections of straw then fall into the crushing tank 1, completing the initial crushing and avoiding subsequent entanglement problems from the source.

[0049] When the rotating rod 2 rotates, the guide limiting block 19 and the guide limiting groove 18 cooperate to drive the cylindrical tube 3 to rotate synchronously around the axis of the rotating rod 2. The large crushing blade 37 on the outer wall of the cylindrical tube 3 rotates together, impacting and coarsely crushing the short straw segments that fall into the crushing tank 1, breaking the short straw segments into smaller straw segments. When the rotating rod 2 rotates, it drives the connecting frame 23 in the reciprocating assembly to rotate synchronously. The connecting frame 23 pulls the L-shaped frame 20 through the tension spring 22, causing the second blade at the top of the L-shaped frame 20 to rotate. Roller 21 always rolls in contact with the wave-shaped guide rail 11 at the bottom of the annular body 24. Because the wave-shaped guide rail 11 has crests and troughs, during the rolling of the second roller 21, it will drive the L-shaped frame 20 to move up and down vertically, thereby pulling the cylindrical tube 3 to slide up and down along the axis of the rotating rod 2. The large crushing blade 37 slides up and down synchronously with the cylindrical tube 3, increasing the vertical crushing range on the basis of circumferential crushing, covering straw of different heights in the crushing tank 1, avoiding dead corners in coarse crushing, and improving coarse crushing efficiency.

[0050] When the cylindrical tube 3 rotates, it drives the bearing tube 4 and the internal rotating shaft 9 to rotate synchronously around the axis of the rotating rod 2. The rectangular rod 10 extending from the rotating shaft 9 into the power chamber 5 then drives the first gear 13 to perform circular motion. Because the first gear 13 is slidably set in the concave limiting track 14 and meshes with the toothed plate 15, and the toothed plate 15 is fixed, the first gear 13 rotates due to the meshing action of the toothed plate 15 during the circular motion, and then drives the rotating shaft 9 to rotate around its own axis through the rectangular rod 10. The small crusher at the other end of the rotating shaft 9 The blade 17 rotates at high speed to perform fine crushing of the coarsely crushed straw segments. When the rotating rod 2 rotates, it drives the polygonal column 7 in the power chamber 5 to rotate synchronously. The fan-shaped protrusion 8 on the outer wall of the polygonal column 7 rotates together. When the arc surface of the fan-shaped protrusion 8 rolls into contact with the first roller 16 on the rectangular rod 10, it will generate a radial thrust on the first roller 16, pushing the rectangular rod 10 and the rotating shaft 9 to extend along the bearing tube 4 away from the polygonal column 7. The small crushing blade 17 moves outward accordingly, expanding the fine crushing range.

[0051] When the fan-shaped protrusion 8 rotates away from the first roller 16, the return spring 12 on the rotating shaft 9 pushes the rotating shaft 9 back to the power chamber 5 under the action of elastic restoring force, and the small crusher 17 retracts. This cycle continues, with the small crushing blade 17 reciprocating radially while rotating at high speed, further crushing the straw segments into straw fibers 1-3mm in length, meeting the requirements for anhydrous pulp production. As the rotating rod 2 rotates, the scraper 38 at its bottom rotates synchronously around the axis of the rotating rod 2. The blade of the scraper 38 is in close contact with the bottom of the crushing tank 1, continuously scraping up the straw fibers deposited at the bottom of the crushing tank 1 and pushing them toward the discharge hole 33 located in the center. After entering the discharge hole 33, the straw fibers fall into the conical discharge pipe 34 at the bottom. Due to the structure of the conical discharge pipe 34, which is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, the fibers slide down quickly along the inner wall of the cone under the action of gravity, avoiding stagnation and blockage in the pipe. Finally, they are discharged and collected from the bottom of the conical discharge pipe 34, completing the entire crushing and processing flow of wheat and rice straw anhydrous pulp. The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0052] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are merely simplified descriptions for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process and equipment for anhydrous pulping of wheat and rice straw, comprising a crushing tank (1), characterized in that: A rotating rod (2) is vertically rotatably installed inside the crushing tank (1). A cylindrical tube (3) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the rotating rod (2). The cylindrical tube (3) is coaxial with the rotating rod (2). A sliding gap is reserved between the inner wall of the cylindrical tube (3) and the outer wall of the rotating rod (2). Multiple bearing tubes (4) are installed through the cylindrical tube (3). Multiple large crushing blades (37) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cylindrical tube (3). Two L-shaped frames (20) are fixedly installed on the top of the cylindrical tube (3). The rotating rod (2) has a columnar power cavity (5) with the same axis as the rotating rod (2) inside. Multiple rectangular holes (6) are evenly opened through the side wall of the power cavity (5) in the circumferential direction. The number of rectangular holes (6) is the same as that of the bearing tube (4) and their positions correspond one-to-one. A polygonal column (7) is vertically fixedly installed inside the power cavity (5). The top of the crushing tank (1) is fitted with a feed pipe (25), and the bottom of the crushing tank (1) is fitted with a discharge hole (33). Multiple guide limiting blocks (19) are vertically fixed on the outer wall of the rotating rod (2), and multiple guide limiting grooves (18) adapted to the guide limiting blocks (19) are opened on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube (3). The guide limiting blocks (19) are all slidably installed in the corresponding guide limiting grooves (18). The feed pipe (25) is equipped with a chopping component for preliminary chopping of wheat and rice straw; The crushing tank (1) is provided with a drive assembly at the top for providing power to the rotating rod (2) and the chopping assembly; The L-shaped frame (20) is equipped with a reciprocating assembly; The polygonal column (7) is provided with a telescopic component; The bearing pipe (4) is equipped with a fine crushing component.

2. The process and equipment for producing anhydrous pulp from wheat and rice straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine crushing assembly includes a rotating shaft (9), a rectangular rod (10), a first gear (13), and a toothed plate (15). The rotating shaft (9) is rotatably installed inside the bearing tube (4). One end of the rotating shaft (9) passes through the rectangular hole (6) and extends into the power chamber (5), and the rectangular rod (10) is fixedly installed at this end. The first gear (13) is slidably sleeved on the rectangular rod (10). The toothed plate (15) meshes with the outside of the first gear (13). The toothed plate (15) is vertically fixed in the power chamber (5). A small crushing blade (17) is fixedly installed at the other end of the rotating shaft (9).

3. The process and equipment for producing anhydrous pulp from wheat and rice straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple concave limiting tracks (14) are vertically fixedly installed inside the power cavity (5). Each concave limiting track (14) has a toothed plate (15) vertically fixedly installed inside. Each concave limiting track (14) has a first gear (13) slidably installed inside. The first gear (13) can reciprocate within the concave limiting track (14).

4. The process and equipment for producing waterless pulp from wheat and rice straw according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly includes a fan-shaped protrusion (8), a return spring (12), and a first roller (16). The portion of the rotating shaft (9) located inside the power cavity (5) is fitted with a return spring (12), and the return spring (12) is located between the rectangular rod (10) and the bearing tube (4). The rectangular rod (10) is rotatably mounted with a first roller (16) near the polygonal column (7). Multiple fan-shaped protrusions (8) are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the polygonal column (7). The fan-shaped protrusions (8) can roll and contact with the first roller (16) to push the rotating shaft (9) to reciprocate within the bearing tube (4).

5. The process and equipment for producing anhydrous pulp from wheat and rice straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating assembly includes a wave-shaped guide rail (11), a tension spring (22), and a connecting frame (23). An annular body (24) is fixedly installed at the top of the crushing tank (1). The bottom of the annular body (24) is provided with a wave-shaped guide rail (11). Multiple connecting frames (23) are fixedly installed on the rotating rod (2). Tension springs (22) are vertically fixedly installed at the bottom of each connecting frame (23). The bottom of each tension spring (22) is fixedly installed on a corresponding L-shaped frame (20). A second roller (21) is rotatably installed at the top of the L-shaped frame (20) near the wave-shaped guide rail (11). The second roller (21) can roll inside the wave-shaped guide rail (11).

6. The process and equipment for producing anhydrous pulp from wheat and rice straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a motor (30), a first bevel gear (31), and a second bevel gear (32). The motor (30) is fixedly installed on the top of the crushing tank (1). The output end of the motor (30) passes through the top of the crushing tank (1) and extends into the crushing tank (1). This end is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating rod (2). The second bevel gear (32) is fixedly installed on the part of the output end of the motor (30) located outside the crushing tank (1). The first bevel gear (31) meshes with the outer side of the second bevel gear (32).

7. The process and equipment for producing anhydrous pulp from wheat and rice straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shredding assembly includes a first roller (26), a second roller (27), a second gear (28), and a third gear (29). The first roller (26) and the second roller (27) are rotatably installed inside the feed pipe (25). Multiple cutting blades (36) are fixedly installed on the outer walls of the first roller (26) and the second roller (27). The end of the first roller (26) extends to the outside of the feed pipe (25) and is fixedly installed with the third gear (29). The second gear (28) meshes with the outer side of the third gear (29). The second gear (28) is fixedly installed at the end of the second roller (27). A connecting rod (35) is fixedly installed at the end of the first roller (26) away from the third gear (29). A first bevel gear (31) is fixedly installed on the end of the connecting rod (35) away from the first roller (26).

8. The process and equipment for producing anhydrous pulp from wheat and rice straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical discharge pipe (34) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge hole (33), and a scraper (38) is fixedly installed horizontally at the bottom of the rotating rod (2). The scraper (38) can push the fibers crushed at the bottom of the crushing tank (1) into the conical discharge pipe (34) for discharge.

9. A process and equipment for producing anhydrous pulp from wheat and rice straw according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Preliminary chopping: Start the drive assembly to drive the chopping assembly to operate, feed the wheat and rice straw through the feed pipe (25), and use the cutting blade (36) in the chopping assembly to perform preliminary chopping of the straw to obtain short straw segments; Coarse crushing: The short straw segments after initial crushing fall into the crushing tank (1). The drive assembly drives the rotating rod (2) to rotate. The rotating rod (2) drives the cylindrical tube (3) to rotate synchronously through the cooperation of the guide limiting block (19) and the guide limiting groove (18). The large crushing blade (37) on the cylindrical tube (3) coarsely crushes the short straw segments. Reciprocating fine crushing: The reciprocating component drives the cylindrical tube (3) to slide back and forth along the axis of the rotating rod (2), while the telescopic component drives the rotating shaft (9) in the fine crushing component to move back and forth in the bearing tube (4). The small crushing blade (17) at the end of the rotating shaft (9) performs fine crushing on the coarsely crushed straw, and the first gear (13) meshes with the tooth plate (15) to drive the rotating shaft (9) to rotate, further improving the fine crushing effect and making the straw fiber length meet the requirements of pulp production; Discharge and collection: The scraper (38) at the bottom of the rotating rod (2) rotates with the rotating rod (2) and pushes the straw fibers that meet the requirements at the bottom of the crushing tank (1) into the discharge hole (33), and discharges and collects them through the conical discharge pipe (34), thus completing the crushing and processing of wheat and rice straw anhydrous pulp.

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