Steel-concrete composite beam bridge horizontally spanning existing dock and construction method of steel-concrete composite beam bridge

Abstract

The invention relates to a steel concrete composite beam bridge horizontally spanning an existing dock, which comprises a bridge superstructure and a bridge substructure, and the bridge superstructure is arranged on the bridge substructure; the bridge superstructure comprises supports and a beam plate, and the beam plate is arranged between every two adjacent supports. The bridge lower structure comprises basic equipment, bearing platforms and abutments, the basic equipment is arranged in a foundation, the bearing platforms and the abutments are arranged on the basic equipment, the abutments are arranged at the near ends of two adjacent existing docks respectively, the two abutments are connected through a beam plate, the bearing platforms are arranged at the far ends of the two existing docks respectively, supports are arranged on the bearing platforms and the abutments respectively, and the supports are connected through a beam plate. And a beam plate is connected between the supports. The steel-concrete composite beam bridge is simple in structure, is built based on an existing dock structure, saves the cost, accords with the national strategy, and realizes efficient connection of an overpass bridge to two banks of a dock area on the premise of ensuring the safety and stability of the existing dock structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building engineering technology, and in particular relates to a steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] my country has entered a new stage of development, promoting high-quality urban development through vigorous urban renewal. Many urban renewal projects include the renovation of existing old shipyards, aiming to revitalize dormant docks and give them new urban functional value. Cases such as the renovation of the old shipyard in Huizhou and the renovation of docks No. 1, 2, and 3 at the former Shanghai Jiangnan Shipyard have revealed the structural characteristics of these old docks: massive structures, fixed structures connected to land on three sides, and dock chambers resembling huge rectangular pools, with some of the original dock structures aging and damaged. How to achieve efficient connection between the dock area and the two banks via an overpass bridge while ensuring the safety and stability of the existing dock structure is a pressing challenge that needs to be overcome in current urban renewal efforts. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock and its construction method. This solution forms a transportation link connecting the two banks of the historical dock area, ensuring smooth operation in confined spaces while guaranteeing the safety of the existing dock structure and maintaining the historical dock's appearance. The technology is feasible and economically sound, providing valuable experience for urban renewal dock renovation projects.

[0004] A steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock includes: a bridge superstructure and a bridge substructure, wherein the bridge superstructure is mounted on the bridge substructure.

[0005] The bridge superstructure includes supports and beams, with the beams positioned between two adjacent supports.

[0006] The substructure of the bridge includes foundation equipment, abutments, and piers. The foundation equipment is located in the ground, and the abutments and piers are mounted on the foundation equipment. Piers are respectively installed at the adjacent ends of two adjacent existing docks, and the two piers are connected by beams. Abutments are respectively installed at the far ends of the two existing docks. Supports are respectively installed on the abutments and piers, and beams are connected between the supports.

[0007] A further improvement is made to include a number of bored piles evenly distributed at the bottom of the foundation.

[0008] A further improvement is made to the beam-slab configuration, which includes steel plate composite beams and rigidly connected hollow slab beams.

[0009] A further improvement is made to the bridge superstructure, which further includes: a bridge deck structure and bridge deck ancillary structures, both of which are disposed on the beam slabs. The bridge deck structure includes an expansion joint, a bridge deck pavement layer, and a waterproof layer. The bridge deck pavement layer and the waterproof layer are disposed sequentially on the beam slabs from bottom to top. The expansion joint is disposed on the pier at the connection point with the beam slabs.

[0010] A further improvement is that the bridge deck ancillary structures include crash barriers, isolation piers, and sound barriers installed on the bridge deck structure.

[0011] A method for using a steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock includes:

[0012] Reinforcement of existing dock chambers;

[0013] Pier foundation pit protection;

[0014] Partially dismantle the existing dock structure;

[0015] The foundation pit of the pier is reinforced;

[0016] The aforementioned steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning the existing dock was installed.

[0017] A further improvement is made to the existing dock chamber reinforcement method, which includes:

[0018] Based on the plan dimensions of the dock chamber, temporary steel columns are installed at equal vertical intervals, and temporary steel supports are installed at equal horizontal intervals.

[0019] Steel walers are installed on the inner surface of the dock wall to form an integral whole with it.

[0020] A further improvement is made to the method for retaining the foundation pit of the pier, which includes:

[0021] Gravity-type enclosure structure is adopted;

[0022] Steel pipes, reinforcing bars, or structural steel are inserted into the front gravity retaining structure, and a top ring beam is installed to form a reinforced gravity dam retaining structure.

[0023] A further improvement is made to the method of partially dismantling the existing dock structure, comprising:

[0024] For the demolition of the existing dock superstructure, the longitudinal system adopts horizontal high-efficiency cutting to saw off the prefabricated composite slab beams and remove the track beams connected to the main dock structure.

[0025] For the demolition of the existing dock's lower structure, the occupying piles of the lower inclined pile foundation are removed with minimal disturbance, while the remaining piles are retained in situ. First, steel pipe piles are drilled at the marked pile positions and embedded into the gap between the lower occupying pile and the inner wall of the steel sleeve to form a whole. The combined steel sleeve is then twisted to break the lower occupying pile, and the twisted pile and soil are pulled out until the lower pile foundation occupying part is completely removed.

[0026] A further improvement is made to the method of installing a steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock, including:

[0027] Set up temporary supports;

[0028] Locating and setting out the baseline;

[0029] The bridge consists of, from bottom to top, foundation equipment, abutments, piers, supports, beams and slabs, bridge deck structure, and bridge deck ancillary structures.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the invention are:

[0031] 1. The steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock of the present invention has a simple structure, is built based on the existing dock structure, saves costs, conforms to national strategy, and achieves efficient connection between the two banks of the dock area by the overpass bridge while ensuring the safety and stability of the existing dock structure.

[0032] 2. The method of using a steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock, as described in this invention, significantly improves the structural strength of the dock by reinforcing and modifying the existing dock chamber compared to existing dock chamber wall and floor reinforcement technologies. This is because existing dock chambers are large in scale, require substantial internal reinforcement work, have tight construction schedules, and face high environmental protection requirements. Reinforcing the dock chamber walls and floor would necessitate removing the dock wall surfaces, causing significant damage to the existing dock structure. Furthermore, the cast-in-place method is costly for large-volume dock chamber reinforcement and may affect the overall construction schedule. However, the dock chamber reinforcement structure system greatly enhances the overall stability of the internal dock chambers, minimizing the impact on the existing dock's main structure. The reinforcement components can be prefabricated, resulting in high on-site installation efficiency. The temporary system can be dismantled later, minimizing damage to the existing dock's main structure. It can be flexibly arranged according to the dock chamber size and load distribution, quickly providing additional support and controlling the deformation of the existing dock. The support frame adopts a nested base plate and locking mechanism, which makes stretching easier and operation simpler. The locked structure has high strength and stability, is not easy to deform, and ensures safe use under high loads. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steel-concrete composite beam bridge of the present invention installed on the existing dock.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a side view of the steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock, away from the dock end, according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3This is a side view of the two adjacent ends of the steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for reinforcing the dock chamber of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock after construction, according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0040] In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, a steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock is provided. The bridge includes: a superstructure 100 and a substructure 200, with the superstructure 100 mounted on the substructure 200. The superstructure 100 includes supports 6 and beams 4 and 5, with beams 4 and 5 positioned between two adjacent supports 6. The substructure 200 includes foundation equipment 1, abutments 2, and piers 3. The foundation equipment 1 is located within the foundation, and the abutments 2 and piers 3 are mounted on the foundation equipment 1. Piers 3 are respectively installed at the adjacent ends of two adjacent existing docks 9 and 10, connected by beams 5. Abutments 2 are respectively installed at the far ends of the two existing docks 9 and 10, with supports 6 mounted on the abutments 2 and piers 3, and beams 4 and 5 connecting the supports 6.

[0044] The foundation equipment 1 includes several bored piles evenly arranged at the bottom of the foundation 2.

[0045] Beams 4 and 5 include steel plate composite beams 4 and rigid hollow slab beams 5. Steel plate composite beams are used between the pier cap 2 and the abutment 3, and rigid hollow slab beams 5 are used between the abutments 3.

[0046] Furthermore, the bridge superstructure 100 also includes: a bridge deck structure and bridge deck ancillary structures, both of which are set on the beams 4 and 5. The bridge deck structure includes an expansion joint, a bridge deck pavement layer and a waterproof layer. The bridge deck pavement layer and the waterproof layer are set on the beams 4 and 5 from bottom to top. The expansion joint is set on the pier 3 at the connection with the beams 4 and 5.

[0047] The bridge deck ancillary structures include crash barriers, isolation piers, and sound barriers installed on the bridge deck structure.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, a method of using a steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning existing docks 9 and 10 includes:

[0049] Before construction begins, a pre-construction survey and bridge layout and positioning are carried out, specifically: investigating and mapping the topography and geological structure of the construction site; determining the geographical location of the project, the location of the main power supply and the location of on-site electrical equipment; surveying the distribution of high-voltage lines and hazardous materials around the project; using a total station to lay out the pile positions, supplemented by steel tape for verification, and establishing a cross-shaped bridge monitoring and control network and leveling network; and then construction begins.

[0050] S001, reinforcement of existing dock chambers 9 and 10, specifically:

[0051] like Figure 4As shown, according to the plan dimensions of the dock chamber, temporary steel columns 13 are arranged vertically at equal intervals (for example, H400×400×13×21mm temporary steel columns 13 are arranged vertically at intervals of 10m to 15m), and temporary steel supports 11 are arranged horizontally at equal intervals (for example, the length and width of the temporary steel support 11 are 609mm×16mm).

[0052] Install steel walers 12 (e.g., steel walers 12 with dimensions H500×200×10×16mm) on the inner surface of the dock wall 14 to form an integral part with the dock wall 14.

[0053] Compared with the existing wall and bottom plate reinforcement technologies for docks 9 and 10, the most significant advantage of the above-mentioned dock reinforcement method is that the structural strength of docks 9 and 10 is greatly improved after the installation of the dock reinforcement system. This is because the existing docks 9 and 10 are large in scale, the internal reinforcement work is extensive, the project construction schedule is tight, and the surrounding environmental protection requirements are high. If the dock wall and bottom plate reinforcement technology were used, the surface of the dock wall 14 would need to be removed, causing significant damage to the existing structure of docks 9 and 10. Furthermore, the cast-in-place method is expensive for reinforcing large-volume docks and may also affect the overall construction schedule. However, the dock reinforcement structural system for docks 9 and 10 can greatly improve the overall stability of the internal docks, with less impact on the main structure of the existing docks 9 and 10. The reinforcement components can be prefabricated, resulting in high on-site installation efficiency. The temporary system can be dismantled later, causing minimal damage to the main structure of the existing docks 9 and 10. It can be flexibly arranged according to the dock size and load distribution, quickly providing additional support and controlling the deformation development of the existing docks 9 and 10.

[0054] S002, Pier 3 foundation pit retaining wall, specifically:

[0055] A gravity retaining structure 15 is adopted (for example, a gravity retaining structure 15 is formed by using φ700@500 double-axis mixing piles with a pile length of 15m, where φ represents the diameter);

[0056] Steel pipes 16 (e.g., φ48x3.5mm), steel bars 19 (e.g., φ10), or structural steel 17 (e.g., H500×300×11×8mm) are inserted into the front gravity retaining structure 15, and a top ring beam is set to form a reinforced gravity dam retaining structure to control the deformation of the retaining structure; a combined cement-soil mixing pile gravity dam 18 and a high-pressure jet grouting pile gravity dam can be used as the retaining structure for the pier foundation pit in the existing dock to reduce the impact on the existing dock.

[0057] S003, partial demolition of existing dock structures 9 and 10, specifically:

[0058] For the demolition of the upper structure 7 of the existing docks 9 and 10, the longitudinal system adopts horizontal high-efficiency cutting to saw off the precast composite slab beams and remove the track beams connected to the main structure of docks 9 and 10; for the demolition of the lower structure 8 of the existing docks 9 and 10, the occupying piles of the lower inclined pile foundation are removed with low disturbance, and the remaining piles are retained in situ; first, 16 steel pipe piles are drilled at the layout pile positions, embedded into the gap between the lower occupying piles and the inner wall of the steel sleeve to form a whole, and the combined steel sleeve is twisted to break the lower occupying piles, and the twisted piles and soil are pulled out until the lower pile foundation occupying part is completely removed.

[0059] For example, a vertical, layered demolition principle was adopted. For the demolition of the superstructure 7 of existing docks 9 and 10, a refined demolition process was developed. When demolishing the longitudinal system of the superstructure of existing docks 9 and 10, a specialized wire saw method was used for efficient horizontal cutting of the top cap beam. Then, a vertical hydraulic circular saw was used for the precast composite slab beams, ensuring both construction efficiency and meeting the requirements for cutting line control. Finally, the track beams connected to the main structure of docks 9 and 10 were demolished, using high-pressure water jet cutting technology to retain the reinforcing steel 19, providing in-situ reinforcing steel 19 connection nodes for the overlap of the old and new structures of docks 9 and 10.

[0060] For the demolition of the lower structure 8 of existing docks 9 and 10, following the principle of industrial heritage-friendly construction, the occupying piles of the lower inclined pile foundation were removed with minimal disturbance, while the remaining piles were retained in situ. The pile positions were marked out at the locations of the 600*600 inclined piles. Then, an RT-200H full-rotation drilling rig equipped with a Φ1500 steel casing was used. The rig drove the steel casing to rotate and cut, drilling and sinking it to separate the obstructing pile from the surrounding soil, reducing the pile's side friction. A serrated titanium alloy cutter head was embedded at the bottom of the steel casing. Driven by a rotary drive device, the casing was rotated 360° and pressed into the casing until it reached the predetermined depth. After the steel casing was pressed into place, a hoisted wedge hammer was allowed to fall freely along the inner wall of the casing. The impact force generated by the wedge hammer's own weight embedded it into the gap between the inclined pile and the steel casing, ensuring a tight fit before proceeding to the next step. After the wedge hammer is firmly embedded in the gap between the inclined pile and the inner wall of the steel casing, the full-casing rotary drilling rig is started for rotation. The powerful torque of the drilling rig is transmitted through the wedge hammer to twist and break the inclined pile. The twisting of the inclined pile manifests as the pile head rotating together with the steel casing. After confirming that the inclined pile has been twisted and broken, the pile and soil are removed using a grab bucket until the lower pile foundation portion is completely removed.

[0061] S004, reinforcement of the foundation pit of pier 3, specifically:

[0062] To ensure the stability of the soil around the pile foundation of pier 3 and to protect the existing dock walls 9 and 10, the foundation within 4m behind dock wall 14 is reinforced using the φ2000@1600mm MJS method 21, and the foundation outside the 4m range is reinforced using φ800@600mm high-pressure jet grouting piles 20. In addition, φ900 reinforced bored piles 22 are installed in this area.

[0063] S005, the installation of the aforementioned steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning existing docks 9 and 10 is specifically as follows:

[0064] Temporary supports are set up, and positioning and layout baselines are used; from bottom to top, foundation equipment 1, pile cap 2 and pier 3 are set up, and bearings 6, beams 4 and 5, bridge deck structure and bridge deck ancillary structures are set up on pier 3.

[0065] For example, in the installation of steel-concrete composite beams, the scaffolding method is used. Temporary scaffolding utilizes multi-limb circular tube lattice columns. During positioning, a baseline is laid out using surveying instruments. The foundation uses pre-embedded concrete plates to enlarge the foundation or is connected to the pier cap with expansion bolts. During construction, the 16 steel pipe columns and diagonal braces are assembled on the ground and then hoisted as a whole. The column top distribution beams are hoisted separately, and the short columns are adjusted. The crane selection is based on the segmental weight of the steel beams and the operating radius. A 400-ton truck crane is used for hoisting the middle section of the bridge span, and a 130-ton truck crane is used for hoisting the beam segments at both ends and the crossbeams between the box girder sections. Before hoisting, construction surveying is conducted, including laying out positioning lines and monitoring deformation. The process follows the steps of "trial hoisting - lifting - rotating - adjusting - lowering the beam - releasing the hook." Jacks and hand-operated hoists are used to adjust the beam segment positions, and temporary fixing is achieved using support plates and matching parts. During welding, the main welds are welded first, followed by the fillet welds, with symmetrical welding to control deformation. The hoisting sequence follows the principle of hoisting beam segments first, then crossbeams, and symmetrical segmented hoisting.

[0066] After the steel-concrete composite beam is installed, construction can proceed with beam installation, crash barriers, bridge deck paving concrete, bridge deck waterproofing, asphalt concrete surface layer paving, drainage pipe installation, and expansion joint installation.

[0067] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing shipyard, characterized in that, include: A bridge superstructure and a bridge substructure, wherein the bridge superstructure is disposed on the bridge substructure; The bridge superstructure includes supports and beams, with the beams positioned between two adjacent supports. The substructure of the bridge includes foundation equipment, abutments, and piers. The foundation equipment is located in the ground, and the abutments and piers are mounted on the foundation equipment. Piers are respectively installed at the adjacent ends of two adjacent existing docks, and the two piers are connected by beams. Abutments are respectively installed at the far ends of the two existing docks. Supports are respectively installed on the abutments and piers, and beams are connected between the supports.

2. The steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing shipyard as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The basic equipment includes a number of bored piles evenly arranged at the bottom of the foundation.

3. The steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing shipyard as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The beams and slabs include steel plate composite beams and rigidly connected hollow slab beams.

4. The steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing shipyard as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The superstructure of the bridge also includes: a bridge deck structure and bridge deck ancillary structures, both of which are set on the beam slabs. The bridge deck structure includes an expansion joint, a bridge deck pavement layer and a waterproof layer. The bridge deck pavement layer and the waterproof layer are set on the beam slabs from bottom to top. The expansion joints are set on the piers at the connection points with the beam slabs.

5. The steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing shipyard as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The bridge deck ancillary structures include crash barriers, isolation piers, and sound barriers installed on the bridge deck structure.

6. A method of using a steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, include: Reinforcement of existing dock chambers; Pier foundation pit protection; Partially dismantle the existing dock structure; The foundation pit of the pier is reinforced; Installation of a steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The method for reinforcing the existing dock chamber includes: Based on the plan dimensions of the dock chamber, temporary steel columns are installed at equal vertical intervals, and temporary steel supports are installed at equal horizontal intervals. Steel walers are installed on the inner surface of the dock wall to form an integral whole with it.

8. The steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The method for retaining the foundation pit of the pier includes: Gravity-type enclosure structure is adopted; Steel pipes, reinforcing bars, or structural steel are inserted into the front gravity retaining structure, and a top ring beam is installed to form a reinforced gravity dam retaining structure.

9. The steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The method for partially dismantling the existing dock structure includes: For the demolition of the existing dock superstructure, the longitudinal system adopts horizontal high-efficiency cutting to saw off the prefabricated composite slab beams and remove the track beams connected to the main dock structure. For the demolition of the existing dock's lower structure, the occupying piles of the lower inclined pile foundation are removed with minimal disturbance, while the remaining piles are retained in situ. First, steel pipe piles are drilled at the marked pile positions and embedded into the gap between the lower occupying pile and the inner wall of the steel sleeve to form a whole. The combined steel sleeve is then twisted to break the lower occupying pile, and the twisted pile and soil are pulled out until the lower pile foundation occupying part is completely removed.

10. The steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The method for installing a steel-concrete composite beam bridge spanning an existing dock as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 includes: The scaffolding method is adopted, and the temporary scaffolding adopts multi-limb circular tube lattice columns; Locating and setting out the baseline; The bridge consists of, from bottom to top, foundation equipment, abutments, piers, supports, beams and slabs, bridge deck structure, and bridge deck ancillary structures.

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