Device for recovering historical elevation of cultural relic building and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a cultural relic building recovery history elevation device and a construction method. The raft foundation comprises an under-wall raft and an anti-seepage raft steel pipe anchor rod pile, and the under-wall raft and the anti-seepage raft steel pipe anchor rod pile are combined with the raft foundation to form a piled raft foundation; steel pipe anchor rod pile holes for the steel pipe anchor rod piles to penetrate through are reserved in the raft foundation; the upper tray structure is used for supporting the cultural relic building; the low-clearance steel pipe anchor rod pile frame is mounted on a raft foundation and comprises a pile pressing jack; the jacking jack is arranged between the upper tray structure and the raft foundation and used for jacking the cultural relic building to recover the historical elevation; the supporting cushion block is used for forming temporary support after each jacking stroke of the jacking jack and is matched with the return stroke of the jacking jack to finish step-by-step heightening; the wooden column reinforcing device is used for reinforcing and protecting a wooden column in a cultural relic building. Safe, accurate and reversible righting of the cultural relic building is achieved, and accurate recovery of historical elevation of the cultural relic building and systematic improvement of structural safety are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cultural relic building protection technology, and in particular to a device and construction method for restoring the historical elevation of cultural relic buildings. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous advancement of urbanization and the increasing awareness of cultural relic protection, the number of protection and restoration projects for historical buildings has increased significantly. Due to their age, these buildings generally suffer from problems such as aging structural materials, uneven foundation settlement, and deterioration of the surrounding environment, which in turn induce structural defects such as overall tilting and elevation imbalance. Currently, domestic engineering technologies for addressing overall tilting and elevation imbalance of historical buildings are mainly divided into two categories: forced settlement method and restoration of historical elevation method.

[0003] Forced settlement methods include unilateral excavation, surcharge loading, and artificial dewatering. Their basic principle is to induce additional settlement on the side of the foundation with less settlement, thereby achieving overall leveling of the building. While these methods offer advantages such as simple construction and relatively low cost, they cannot fundamentally address continuous settlement problems caused by insufficient foundation bearing capacity or excavation of surrounding foundation pits. Furthermore, forced settlement methods will exacerbate the overall settlement of the building, posing a potential risk to the structural safety of historical buildings.

[0004] The method for restoring the historical elevation involves installing a pallet system and hydraulic jacking device at the building's foundation to achieve overall lifting and correction of the building. Traditional support techniques often use full-span scaffolding or reinforced concrete slabs as temporary reinforcement measures, which have limitations such as insufficient rigidity of the reinforcement system, irreversible construction processes, and excessive interference with the cultural relic itself. Especially during the lifting of cultural relic buildings, the temporary support system is prone to lateral displacement, thereby endangering construction safety and the overall stability of the building.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies still have the following main problems in restoring the historical elevation of historical buildings: (1) Traditional forced landing methods are difficult to fundamentally solve the problem of continuous settlement caused by insufficient foundation bearing capacity; (2) The temporary reinforcement system has low stiffness and poor resistance to external disturbances; (3) The construction process is irreversible and may cause further damage to the cultural relic itself; (4) Insufficient synchronous control precision during the lifting process can easily induce structural deformation or cracking. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, this invention provides a device and construction method for restoring the historical elevation of cultural relics buildings, which effectively solves the key problems in traditional processes, realizes the safe, accurate and reversible straightening of cultural relics buildings, and achieves the precise restoration of the historical elevation of cultural relics buildings and the systematic improvement of structural safety.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a device for restoring the historical elevation of cultural relics and buildings, comprising: The raft foundation includes a wall-supported raft foundation and a waterproof raft foundation. The wall-supported raft foundation has a segmented structure, and steel bars are reserved and welded between adjacent segments. Steel pipe anchor piles, combined with the raft foundation, form a pile-raft foundation, which is used to provide load-bearing support for cultural heritage buildings and control uneven settlement; the raft foundation has reserved pile holes for the steel pipe anchor piles to be installed. The upper tray structure, which is set around the outer perimeter of the building wall, is used to support the cultural relic building; A low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile frame is installed on the raft foundation. It includes a pile driving jack, which uses the self-weight of the cultural relic building as the pile driving reaction force. The pile driving jack can press the steel pipe anchor pile into the foundation section by section from the pile hole of the steel pipe anchor pile. Lifting jacks are installed between the upper pallet structure and the raft foundation to lift the cultural relic building and restore its historical elevation. Support blocks are used to form temporary support after each lifting stroke of the lifting jack, and to complete the step-by-step raising in conjunction with the return stroke of the lifting jack; Wooden pillar reinforcement devices are used to reinforce and protect wooden pillars within historical buildings.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, a temporary reinforcement component is provided at the segmented opening of the raft slab under the wall. The temporary reinforcement component includes a channel steel, an I-beam, and a first equal angle steel. The I-beam is supported in the segmented opening by the channel steel. The channel steel, the I-beam, and the first equal angle steel are welded together to form a temporary support structure to improve the structural stability at the segmented opening during segmented pouring.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the steel pipe anchor pile is inserted through the pile hole and pressed into the foundation section by section to transfer the load of the cultural relic building to the stratum that meets the bearing requirements. The steel pipe anchor pile adopts a segmented pressing structure, and adjacent steel pipe anchor piles are connected by sleeves at the connection point.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile driving frame further includes a first channel steel column, a movable driving beam, an electric hoist, and a top iron. The movable driving beam is suspended between two first channel steel columns by the electric hoist. One end of the driving jack abuts against the movable driving beam, and the other end of the driving jack abuts against the upper end of the steel pipe anchor pile through the top iron. The driving speed of the steel pipe anchor pile can be controlled by the electric hoist.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile driving frame further includes a base plate welded to the bottom of the first channel steel column, and the first channel steel column is fixed to the raft foundation by pre-embedded anchors passing through the base plate. The low-headroom steel pipe anchor pile driving frame also includes a pressure-bearing pin and a reinforcing plate. The pressure-bearing pin is installed in the pressure-bearing pin hole reserved in the first channel steel column, and the reinforcing plate is installed on the first channel steel column.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper pallet structure includes a wall-clamping beam, a column-embracing beam, and a connecting beam. The wall-clamping beam surrounds the foundation wall and, when encountering a wall obstruction, is constructed by chiseling a hole through the wall to form a whole. The column-embracing beam surrounds the reinforced concrete column. The connecting beam connects the wall-clamping beam and forms a planar frame load-bearing system with the column-embracing beam. The upper pallet structure is a reinforced concrete structure, and static pressure pile holes are pre-reserved during on-site pouring construction.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lifting jack is installed upside down on the bottom of the upper pallet structure so that the lifting force is evenly transmitted to the cultural relic building through the upper pallet structure.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the joint surface between the upper tray structure and the building wall is roughened to improve the bonding strength between the old and new structures.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the wooden column reinforcement device includes an extruded polystyrene board, an equilateral second equilateral angle steel, a connecting plate, and a second channel steel column. The second equilateral angle steel, the connecting plate, and the second channel steel column are welded to form a steel structure frame that encloses the wooden column. The extruded polystyrene board is disposed between the steel structure frame and the wooden column to buffer the compressive force and protect the wooden column.

[0016] This invention also provides a construction method for restoring the historical elevation of a historical building, utilizing the aforementioned device for restoring the historical elevation of a historical building. The construction method includes: S1, implement the raft foundation under the wall in sections. For the wall foundation of the over-excavated section, a temporary support structure formed by welding channel steel, I-beam steel and first equal angle steel is used for temporary support and reinforcement. At the same time, the raft foundation is reserved for connection with the seepage prevention raft foundation and the seepage prevention grout is poured. S2, the steel bars of the indoor seepage-proof raft slab are welded to the reserved steel bars of the raft slab, and a hydrophilic interface agent is applied to the joint surface. The pile holes of the steel pipe anchor piles are reserved and the pre-embedded anchors are installed. The seepage-proof raft slab is then poured. S3, low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile driving frame is installed by bolting pre-embedded anchor rods, using the self-weight of the cultural heritage building as the driving reaction force, and using driving jacks to drive single sections of steel pipe anchor piles of predetermined length into the foundation section by section from the steel pipe anchor pile holes reserved in the raft foundation; S4, roughen the building wall corresponding to the upper pallet structure and carry out the construction of the upper pallet structure. At the same time, the wooden columns in the cultural relics building are temporarily reinforced by a steel structure frame formed by welding the second equal-sided angle steel, gusset plate and the second channel steel column. The gap between the steel structure frame and the wooden column is filled with extruded polystyrene board. S5, Install lifting jacks and support blocks on the raft foundation; S6, through the PLC control system, the lifting jacks are controlled to gradually increase the pressure. After the pressure reaches the predetermined proportion of the design load value, the bricks at the cutting line position are removed manually indoors and the outdoor wire saw is used to demolish the outdoor side wall. S7, the overall building trial lifting is divided into three stages: initial separation, continuous separation, and confirmed separation, and an overall 2 cm trial lifting is carried out to verify the separation state and the stability of the lifting system; S8, determine the single stroke and total stroke of each lifting point according to the proportional distribution method with the same angular velocity, and lift synchronously according to the given rate of each lifting point; after each lifting stroke is completed, insert the support pad block to form temporary support, so that the lifting jack returns and the next level of support pad block is added, repeat the lifting and support until the building is restored to the design elevation; S9, with the lifting jack maintaining pressure and the support pad block in the support condition, pour anti-seepage grout between the entire underpinning wall and the raft foundation, and within the range of the height increase of the restored historical elevation, to form a rigid connection; Throughout the process, total stations, levels, and crack monitoring instruments were used to monitor the building's displacement, settlement, tilt, and cracks in real time. Protective measures such as covering, wrapping, and isolating were taken for the exterior facade, wooden doors and windows, stairs, and other cultural relics.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The implementation process is highly controllable and reversible, with minimal intervention. The raft foundation construction technique, employing segmented excavation and sequential pouring, combined with a PLC synchronous control system for precise control of the lifting process, ensures a clear and reversible construction flow, minimizing secondary damage to the cultural relics.

[0018] This method is applicable to construction needs under conditions of low headroom and complex environments. By designing a low headroom steel pipe anchor pile frame, it can adapt to underground spaces with a floor height of less than 1.8 meters, effectively expanding the scope of application of the technology, especially suitable for the spatial constraints commonly found in historical buildings.

[0019] The impact on the surrounding environment is minimal. The upper pallet structure is set above the outdoor ground level, eliminating the need for large-scale earthwork excavation or expansion operations, significantly reducing interference with adjacent buildings and the surrounding environment, and conforming to the "minimal intervention" principle advocated in cultural relic protection projects.

[0020] The high degree of system integration helps improve construction efficiency. By organically combining the raft foundation, pile frame system, pallet structure and hydraulic jacking device, a systematic construction process is formed, thereby improving construction efficiency and overall safety.

[0021] The reinforcement system possesses high rigidity and stability. By using steel structural components such as channel steel, I-beams, and angle steel to form a temporary support system, supplemented by wooden column reinforcement devices and extruded polystyrene board buffer measures, the overall rigidity and anti-disturbance performance of the structure during construction can be significantly enhanced, reducing the risk of lateral displacement.

[0022] In summary, this invention, while ensuring the structural safety of cultural relics and buildings, achieves precise, controllable, and reversible restoration of historical elevations, and possesses strong engineering applicability and promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the raft foundation of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for restoring historical elevations according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the one-stage reinforcement of the raft foundation under the wall according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the two-stage reinforcement structure of the raft foundation under the wall according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-stage reinforcement structure of the raft foundation under the wall according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steel pipe anchor pile frame of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the wooden pillar reinforcement structure of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals on the accompanying drawings: 1. Raft foundation; 2. Steel pipe anchor piles; 3. Support pads; 4. Lifting jacks; 4a. Pile driving jacks; 5. Upper pallet structure; 6. Building walls; 8. Raft foundation under the wall; 9. Seepage-proof raft foundation; 10. Three-component soil; 11. Channel steel; 12. I-beams; 13. First equal-sided angle steel; 14. Raft foundation reserved reinforcement; 15. Seepage-proof grouting material; 16. Steel pipe anchor pile holes; 17. Embedded anchors; 18. Top iron; 19. Electric hoist; 20. Movable pile driving beam; 21. Reinforcing plate; 22. First channel steel column; 23. Bearing pin steel; 24. Low-headroom steel pipe anchor pile driving frame; 25. Extruded polystyrene board; 26. Second equal-sided angle steel; 27. Connecting plate; 28. Second channel steel column; 29. ​​Wooden column; 30. Wooden column reinforcement device; 31. Base plate. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] In this invention, when directions (up, down, left, right, front, and back) are described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this invention, and does not indicate or imply that the technical features referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0034] In this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc., are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," "within," etc., are understood to include the stated number. In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0035] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "setting," "installing," and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed connection; a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection capable of mutual communication; or the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, a device for restoring the historical elevation of a cultural relic building according to this embodiment includes: The raft foundation 1 includes a wall-supported raft foundation and a waterproof raft foundation 9. The wall-supported raft foundation has a segmented structure, and steel bars are reserved and welded between adjacent segments. The steel pipe anchor pile 2, combined with the raft foundation 1, forms a pile raft foundation, which is used to provide load-bearing support for cultural relics and buildings and control uneven settlement; the raft foundation 1 is reserved with steel pipe anchor pile holes 16 for the steel pipe anchor pile 2 to pass through. The upper tray structure 5 is set around the outer perimeter of the building wall 6 to support the cultural relic building; The low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile 2 is installed on the raft foundation 1 and includes a pile driving jack 4a. The self-weight of the cultural relic building is used as the pile driving reaction force. The pile driving jack 4a can press the steel pipe anchor pile 2 into the foundation section by section from the steel pipe anchor pile hole 16. Lifting jack 4 is installed between the upper pallet structure 5 and the raft foundation 1, and is used to lift the cultural relic building to restore its historical elevation. The support pad 3 is used to form temporary support after each lifting stroke of the lifting jack 4, and to cooperate with the return stroke of the lifting jack 4 to complete the step-by-step raising; The wooden column reinforcement device 30 is used to reinforce and protect the wooden columns 29 inside the cultural heritage building, ensuring the structural integrity of the wooden columns 29 during construction.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the building elevation is precisely adjusted by lifting jack 4, which, together with steel pipe anchor piles 2 and raft foundation 1, provides stable support, ensuring the safety and accuracy of the historical building in the process of restoring its historical elevation.

[0038] It should be noted that the raft foundation 8 under the wall must be "segmented, poured section by section, and pre-reserved for welding reinforcing bars" to ensure the continuity of the raft foundation under the wall. Specifically, the width of each opening in the raft foundation 8 under the wall should be less than or equal to 100cm, the spacing between openings should be greater than 100cm, and reinforcing bars should be pre-reserved and welded during segmented pouring to ensure the integrity and stability of the structure.

[0039] Before the adjacent sections are constructed, the joints of the raft foundation 8 under the wall should be treated by applying a hydrophilic interface agent to ensure the integrity and waterproof performance of the raft foundation 1.

[0040] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , 4As shown in Figure 5, temporary reinforcement components are installed at the segmented openings of the raft foundation under the wall. These components include a channel steel 11, an I-beam 12, and a first equilateral angle steel 13. The I-beam 12 is supported within the segmented openings by the channel steel 11. The channel steel 11, I-beam 12, and first equilateral angle steel 13 are welded together to form a temporary support structure, thereby improving the structural stability at the segmented openings during segmented pouring. The first equilateral angle steel 13 is welded to the I-beam 12 to form a stable triangular structure. Simultaneously, the length of the first equilateral angle steel 13 is consistent with the width of the opening, effectively distributing the load and preventing wall deformation.

[0041] In one embodiment, the steel pipe anchor piles 2 are inserted through the pile holes 16 and driven into the foundation segment by segment to transfer the load of the cultural relic building to the stratum that meets the bearing requirements. The steel pipe anchor piles 2 adopt a segmented driving structure, and adjacent steel pipe anchor piles 2 are connected by sleeves at the connection points. This ensures uniform force transmission, avoids local stress concentration, and reserves adjustment space to adapt to slight settlement changes under different geological conditions.

[0042] In one embodiment, the low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile driving frame 24 is fixed on the raft foundation 1 and is used for driving steel pipe anchor piles 2 with a floor height of less than 1.8m. The steel pipe anchor piles 2 adopt a segmented driving process, and the length of each segment is limited to the floor height of the basement and does not exceed 1 meter, to ensure construction accuracy and the safety of cultural relics.

[0043] The low-headroom steel pipe anchor pile driving frame 24 also includes a first channel steel column (22), a movable driving beam 20, an electric hoist 19, and a top iron 18. The movable driving beam 20 is suspended between two first channel steel columns (22) by the electric hoist 19. One end of the driving jack 4a abuts against the movable driving beam 20, and the other end of the driving jack 4a abuts against the upper end of the steel pipe anchor pile 2 through the top iron 18. The driving speed of the steel pipe anchor pile 2 can be controlled by the electric hoist 19.

[0044] The steel pipe anchor pile 2 is constructed using a low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile driving frame 24. The driving speed is controlled by an electric hoist 19, and the driving jack 4a applies pressure precisely to ensure the accuracy and safety of restoring the historical elevation of the cultural relic building.

[0045] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 6 As shown, the low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile driving frame 24 also includes a base plate 31 welded to the bottom of the first channel steel column (22). The first channel steel column (22) is fixed to the raft foundation 1 by pre-embedded anchor rods 17 passing through the base plate 31. The base plate 31 is firmly connected to the pre-embedded parts of the raft foundation 1 to ensure that the low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile driving frame 24 can operate stably in the low space and provide reliable support for the restoration of cultural relics buildings.

[0046] The low-headroom steel pipe anchor pile driving frame 24 also includes a bearing pin 23 and a reinforcing plate 21. The bearing pin 23 is installed in a pre-reserved bearing pin hole in the first channel steel column (22), and the reinforcing plate 21 is installed on the first channel steel column (22). The bearing pin hole size is 75mm×60mm. The bearing pin 23 needs to be precisely aligned during installation to ensure uniform stress distribution and avoid local stress concentration. At the same time, adjustment space should be reserved to adapt to slight settlement changes under different geological conditions.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the steel pipe anchor pile 2 can effectively solve the problem of excessive settlement and uneven settlement of the building as a whole. The pile segments are pressed into the foundation section by section from the pile holes reserved on the raft foundation 1 using the pile jack 4a.

[0048] The steel pipe anchor pile 2 adopts a segmented pressing process, with the length of each segment limited to no more than 1 meter due to the height of the basement, ensuring construction accuracy and the safety of cultural relics. The diameter of the steel pipe anchor pile 2 needs to meet the bearing capacity requirements. As a preferred embodiment, the steel pipe anchor pile 2 is composed of multiple single sections joined together by welding, with each single section being 1 meter long.

[0049] During the driving of the steel pipe anchor pile 2, the verticality of the pile body is monitored in real time to ensure that each pile segment is accurately connected and finally forms a complete pile body, effectively controlling building settlement and ensuring the safety of cultural relics.

[0050] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the raft foundation 1 is provided with multiple reserved steel pipe anchor pile holes 16, the diameter of which is slightly larger than the pile body diameter. This facilitates pile driving construction while ensuring that the pile body is tightly connected to the raft foundation 1, improving the overall structural stability and effectively transferring the building load to the foundation.

[0051] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the upper pallet structure 5 includes a wall-clamping beam, a column-embracing beam, and a connecting beam. The wall-clamping beam surrounds the foundation wall and, when encountering a wall obstruction, it is constructed by chiseling through the wall to form a whole. The column-embracing beam surrounds the reinforced concrete column. The connecting beam connects the wall-clamping beam and forms a planar frame load-bearing system with the column-embracing beam. The upper pallet structure 5 is set around the building wall 6 so that the entire load of the upper structure of the building wall 6 is transferred to the upper pallet structure 5.

[0052] In addition, the upper tray structure 5 is a reinforced concrete structure, and static pressure pile holes are reserved during on-site pouring construction.

[0053] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the upper tray structure 5 is designed above the outdoor ground level, which has little impact on the surrounding buildings and environment, is easy to construct and has high safety, and is particularly suitable for the elevation restoration project of cultural relic protection buildings.

[0054] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the lifting jack 4 is installed upside down on the bottom of the upper pallet structure 5, so that the lifting force is evenly transmitted to the cultural relic building through the upper pallet structure 5, and the building's rise is precisely controlled. The lifting jack 4 is equipped with a full-stroke self-locking thread, and tightening the self-locking nut allows the lifting jack 4 to lock itself. In addition, the balance protection load-sharing valve inside the lifting jack 4 is a leak-free cone valve structure to ensure stable pressure, prevent oil leakage, provide a long-lasting and stable support for the cultural relic building, and ensure that the lifting process is safe and controllable.

[0055] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the joint surface between the upper tray structure 5 and the building wall 6 is roughened by chiseling. The roughening depth of the brick wall is not less than 2cm. After the roughening treatment, the joint surface is coated with an interface agent to increase the connection strength.

[0056] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 7 As shown, the wooden column reinforcement device 30 includes an extruded polystyrene board 25, a second equilateral angle steel 26, a connecting plate 27, and a second channel steel column 28. The second equilateral angle steel 26, the connecting plate 27, and the second channel steel column 28 are welded to form a steel structure frame that encloses the wooden column 29. The extruded polystyrene board 25 is disposed between the steel structure frame and the wooden column 29 to buffer the compressive force and protect the wooden column 29.

[0057] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the support block 3 is made of high-strength material and can be precisely adjusted in height to ensure that the historical building is restored to its historical elevation. The support block 3 is a steel box concrete block, filled with high-strength concrete and covered with wear-resistant steel plate. It can withstand huge pressure and can be precisely adjusted. The height module is available in three sizes: 20cm, 10cm, and 5cm. Gaps smaller than 5cm are filled with steel plates of various thicknesses until they are completely filled.

[0058] This embodiment also provides a construction method for restoring the historical elevation of a historical building, utilizing the aforementioned device for restoring the historical elevation of a historical building. The construction method includes: S1, the raft foundation under the wall is implemented in sections. For the wall foundation of the over-excavated section, a temporary support structure formed by welding channel steel 11, I-beam steel 12 and first equal angle steel 13 is used for temporary support and reinforcement. At the same time, a raft foundation reserved steel bar 14 is left to connect with the seepage-proof raft foundation 9, and seepage-proof grouting material 15 is poured. S2, the steel bars of the indoor seepage-proof raft 9 are welded to the raft slab reserved steel bars 14, and the joint surface is coated with a hydrophilic interface agent. The steel pipe anchor pile hole 16 is reserved and the pre-embedded anchor rod 17 is installed. The seepage-proof raft 9 is then poured. S3, the low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile driving frame 24 is installed by bolting the pre-embedded anchor rod 17. The self-weight of the cultural relic building is used as the driving reaction force. The single-section steel pipe anchor pile 2 of a predetermined length (e.g., 1m) is driven into the foundation section by section from the steel pipe anchor pile hole 16 reserved on the raft foundation 1. S4, roughen the building wall 6 corresponding to the upper pallet structure 5 and carry out the construction of the upper pallet structure 5. At the same time, the wooden column 29 in the cultural relics building is temporarily reinforced by a steel structure frame formed by welding the second equal angle steel 26, the gusset plate 27, and the second channel steel column 28. The gap between the steel structure frame and the wooden column 29 is filled with extruded polystyrene board 25. S5, Install the lifting jack 4 and the support pad 3 on the raft foundation 1; S6, through the PLC control system, the lifting jack 4 is controlled to gradually increase the pressure, and after the pressure reaches the predetermined proportion of the design load value (such as 70%), the bricks at the cutting line position are removed manually indoors and the outdoor wire saw equipment is used to demolish the outdoor side wall. S7, the overall building trial lifting is divided into three stages: initial separation, continuous separation, and confirmed separation, and an overall 2 cm trial lifting is carried out to verify the separation state and the stability of the lifting system; S8, determine the single stroke and total stroke of each lifting point according to the proportional distribution method with the same angular velocity, and lift synchronously according to the given rate of each lifting point; after each lifting stroke is completed, insert the support pad 3 to form temporary support, so that the lifting jack 4 returns and the next level support pad 3 is added, repeat the lifting and support until the building is restored to the design elevation; S9, with the lifting jack 4 maintaining pressure and the support pad 3 in a supporting condition, pour anti-seepage grout 15 between the entire underpinning wall and the raft foundation 1, and within the range of the historical elevation restoration elevation, to form a rigid connection; Throughout the process, total stations, levels, and crack monitoring instruments were used to monitor the building's displacement, settlement, tilt, and cracks in real time. Protective measures such as covering, wrapping, and isolating were taken for the exterior facade, wooden doors and windows, stairs, and other cultural relics.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for restoring the historical elevation of a historical building, characterized in that, include: The raft foundation (1) includes a raft foundation under the wall and a seepage-proof raft foundation (9). The raft foundation under the wall has a segmented structure, and steel bars are reserved and welded between adjacent segments. The steel pipe anchor pile (2) is combined with the raft foundation (1) to form a pile raft foundation, which is used to provide load-bearing support for cultural relics buildings and control uneven settlement; the raft foundation (1) is reserved with steel pipe anchor pile holes (16) for the steel pipe anchor pile (2) to be inserted. The upper tray structure (5) surrounds the outer perimeter of the building wall (6) and is used to support the cultural relic building; The low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile (2) frame is installed on the raft foundation (1) and includes a pile jack (4a). The self-weight of the cultural relic building is used as the pile driving reaction force. The pile jack (4a) can drive the steel pipe anchor pile (2) into the foundation section by section from the pile hole (16) of the steel pipe anchor pile. A lifting jack (4) is set between the upper pallet structure (5) and the raft foundation (1) to lift the cultural relic building to restore its historical elevation; Support pad (3) is used to form temporary support after each lifting stroke of the lifting jack (4) and to complete the step-by-step lifting in conjunction with the return stroke of the lifting jack (4); Wooden column reinforcement device (30) is used to reinforce and protect wooden columns (29) inside cultural heritage buildings.

2. The device for restoring the historical elevation of a cultural relic building according to claim 1, characterized in that, Temporary reinforcement components are installed at the segmented openings of the raft slab under the wall. The temporary reinforcement components include channel steel (11), I-beam (12), and first equal angle steel (13). The I-beam (12) is supported in the segmented openings by the channel steel (11). The channel steel (11), the I-beam (12), and the first equal angle steel (13) are welded together to form a temporary support structure to improve the structural stability at the segmented openings during segmented pouring.

3. The device for restoring the historical elevation of a cultural relic building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel pipe anchor pile (2) is inserted into the pile hole (16) of the steel pipe anchor pile and pressed into the foundation section by section to transfer the load of the cultural relics building to the stratum that meets the bearing requirements. The steel pipe anchor pile (2) adopts a segmented pressing structure, and adjacent steel pipe anchor piles (2) are connected by sleeves at the connection.

4. The device for restoring the historical elevation of a cultural relic building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-headroom steel pipe anchor pile driving frame (24) also includes a first channel steel column (22), a movable driving beam (20), an electric hoist (19), and a top iron (18). The movable driving beam (20) is suspended between two first channel steel columns (22) by the electric hoist (19). One end of the driving jack (4a) abuts against the movable driving beam (20), and the other end of the driving jack (4a) abuts against the upper end of the steel pipe anchor pile (2) through the top iron (18). The driving speed of the steel pipe anchor pile (2) can be controlled by the electric hoist (19).

5. A device for restoring the historical elevation of a cultural relic building according to claim 4, characterized in that, The low-headroom steel pipe anchor pile driving frame (24) also includes a base plate (31) welded to the bottom of the first channel steel column (22), and the first channel steel column (22) is fixed to the raft foundation (1) by pre-embedded anchor rods (17) passing through the base plate (31); The low-headroom steel pipe anchor pile driving frame (24) also includes a pressure-bearing pin (23) and a reinforcing plate (21). The pressure-bearing pin (23) is installed in the pressure-bearing pin hole reserved in the first channel steel column (22), and the reinforcing plate (21) is installed on the first channel steel column (22).

6. The device for restoring the historical elevation of a cultural relic building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper tray structure (5) includes a wall clamping beam, a column clamping beam, and a connecting beam. The wall clamping beam surrounds the foundation wall and is connected to the whole by drilling holes through the wall when it encounters a wall obstruction. The column clamping beam surrounds the reinforced concrete column. The connecting beam connects the wall clamping beam and forms a planar frame load-bearing system with the column clamping beam. The upper tray structure (5) is a reinforced concrete structure, and static pressure pile holes are reserved during on-site pouring construction.

7. The device for restoring the historical elevation of a cultural relic building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting jack (4) is installed upside down on the bottom of the upper pallet structure (5) so that the lifting force is evenly transmitted to the cultural relic building through the upper pallet structure (5).

8. The device for restoring the historical elevation of a cultural relic building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joint surface between the upper pallet structure (5) and the building wall (6) is roughened to improve the bonding strength between the old and new structures.

9. A device for restoring the historical elevation of a cultural relic building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wooden column reinforcement device (30) includes an extruded polystyrene board (25), a second equal-angle steel (26), a connecting plate (27), and a second channel steel column (28). The second equal-angle steel (26), the connecting plate (27), and the second channel steel column (28) are welded to form a steel structure frame that encloses the wooden column (29). The extruded polystyrene board (25) is placed between the steel structure frame and the wooden column (29) to buffer the compressive force and protect the wooden column (29).

10. A construction method for restoring the historical elevation of a historical building, characterized in that, The construction method using the device for restoring the historical elevation of a historical building according to any one of claims 1-9 includes: S1, implement the raft foundation under the wall in sections. For the wall foundation of the over-excavated section, a temporary support structure formed by welding of channel steel (11), I-beam (12) and first equal angle steel (13) is used for temporary support and reinforcement. At the same time, the raft foundation reserved steel bar (14) is left to connect with the seepage-proof raft foundation (9), and the seepage-proof grouting material (15) is used for pouring. S2, the steel bars of the indoor seepage-proof raft slab (9) are welded to the raft slab reserved steel bars (14), and a hydrophilic interface agent is applied to the joint surface. The steel pipe anchor pile hole (16) is reserved and the embedded anchor (17) is installed. The seepage-proof raft slab (9) is then poured. S3, install the low-clearance steel pipe anchor pile driving frame (24) by connecting the pre-embedded anchor rod (17) with bolts, use the self-weight of the cultural relic building as the driving reaction force, and use the driving jack (4a) to drive the single section of the predetermined length of steel pipe anchor pile (2) into the foundation section by section from the steel pipe anchor pile hole (16) reserved on the raft foundation (1); S4, the building wall (6) corresponding to the upper pallet structure (5) is roughened and the upper pallet structure (5) is constructed. At the same time, the wooden column (29) in the cultural relics building is temporarily reinforced by a steel structure frame formed by welding the second equal-angle steel (26), the gusset plate (27), and the second channel steel column (28). The gap between the steel structure frame and the wooden column (29) is filled with extruded board (25). S5, Install lifting jacks (4) and support blocks (3) on the raft foundation (1); S6, the lifting jack (4) is controlled by the PLC control system to implement step-by-step pressurization, and after the pressurization reaches the predetermined proportion of the design load value, the bricks at the cutting line position are removed by manual indoor chiseling and the outdoor wire saw is used to demolish the outdoor side wall. S7, the overall building trial lifting is divided into three stages: initial separation, continuous separation, and confirmed separation, and an overall 2 cm trial lifting is carried out to verify the separation state and the stability of the lifting system; S8, determine the single stroke and total stroke of each lifting point according to the proportional distribution method of the same angular velocity, and lift synchronously according to the given rate of each lifting point; after each lifting stroke is completed, insert the support pad (3) to form temporary support, so that the lifting jack (4) returns and the next level support pad (3) is added, repeat the lifting and support until the building is restored to the design elevation; S9, under the pressure of the lifting jack (4) and the support pad (3) in the support condition, pour the seepage-proof grout (15) between the entire underpinning wall and the raft foundation (1) and within the range of the height of the restored historical elevation to form a rigid connection; Throughout the process, total stations, levels, and crack monitoring instruments were used to monitor the building's displacement, settlement, tilt, and cracks in real time. Protective measures such as covering, wrapping, and isolating were taken for the exterior facade, wooden doors and windows, stairs, and other cultural relics.

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