Dynamic while-drilling deslagging device for ultra-deep vertical shaft and construction method of dynamic while-drilling deslagging device

Abstract

The invention relates to an ultra-deep vertical shaft dynamic while-drilling deslagging device and a construction method thereof, the deslagging device comprises a transmission pipe which is arranged into a dug ultra-deep vertical shaft along with a heading machine head in the tunneling process of the ultra-deep vertical shaft, and the inner wall of the transmission pipe is provided with a main lifting rail and a low-position transverse conversion mechanism located at the lower end of the main lifting rail; the two main lifting rails extend to the bottom of the conveying pipe from the top of the conveying pipe, and a liftable power slag car is arranged on the main lifting rails; a coping block which can descend along with the conveying pipe or ascend relative to the conveying pipe is arranged above the conveying pipe, two auxiliary lifting rails which are in vertical butt joint with the main lifting rail are arranged on the coping block, and a high-position transverse conversion mechanism is arranged between the two auxiliary lifting rails. The main lifting rail, the low-position transverse conversion mechanism, the auxiliary lifting rail and the high-position transverse conversion mechanism are connected to form a closed-loop transportation rail for the power slag car to advance. According to the construction method using the deslagging device, dynamic deslagging can be achieved while drilling, the deslagging efficiency is improved, good adaptability is achieved, and the deslagging device is suitable for construction of the ultra-deep vertical shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shaft construction technology, specifically to a dynamic slag removal device for ultra-deep shafts during drilling and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of modern infrastructure construction, ultra-deep shafts are increasingly being used in various fields, such as mining, underground space development, and hydropower projects. The construction quality and efficiency of ultra-deep shafts directly affect the progress and safety of the entire project. As a crucial step in the construction process of ultra-deep shafts, the efficiency and effectiveness of muck removal have a decisive impact on construction progress and costs.

[0003] In ultra-deep shaft construction, the large depth and relatively narrow space present numerous challenges for cuttings removal. For example, as the shaft depth increases, traditional cuttings removal methods become difficult to remove quickly and effectively, leading to cuttings accumulation at the bottom of the shaft. This not only affects subsequent drilling efficiency but may also create additional pressure on the shaft wall due to excessive cuttings, threatening the shaft's stability.

[0004] Currently, existing ultra-deep vertical shaft cutting equipment suffers from low cutting efficiency. Some traditional cutting equipment employs intermittent cutting methods, such as periodically lifting the cutting bucket. This method requires pausing drilling operations within the shaft during the bucket lifting process, resulting in low overall construction efficiency. This is particularly problematic in ultra-deep vertical shaft construction, where the time cost of each bucket lifting is high, and frequent pauses and restarts severely impact construction progress. Furthermore, achieving dynamic cutting is difficult. Most existing devices cannot efficiently remove cuttings simultaneously with shaft drilling, failing to discharge drill cuttings from the wellhead in real time. This leads to cuttings accumulation at the bottom of the well, affecting drill bit performance, increasing drill bit wear, reducing drill bit lifespan, and ultimately increasing construction costs.

[0005] Therefore, existing ultra-deep vertical shaft slag removal devices have significant shortcomings in terms of slag removal efficiency, adaptability, and dynamic slag removal capacity, and cannot meet the current needs for efficient and safe construction of ultra-deep vertical shafts. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a dynamic slag removal device and its construction method for ultra-deep vertical shafts. The construction method using this slag removal device can dynamically remove slag while drilling, improve slag removal efficiency, and has good adaptability, making it suitable for the construction of ultra-deep vertical shafts.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a dynamic muck removal device for ultra-deep vertical shafts during drilling, comprising a transmission pipe that is laid along with the tunneling machine head to enter the ultra-deep vertical shaft during the tunneling process. The inner wall of the transmission pipe is provided with a main lifting rail and a low-position lateral conversion mechanism located at the lower end of the main lifting rail. There are two main lifting rails that extend from the top of the transmission pipe to the bottom of the transmission pipe. A liftable power muck car is provided on the main lifting rail. Above the transmission pipe is a pressure block that can descend with the transmission pipe or rise relative to the transmission pipe. The pressure block is equipped with two auxiliary lifting rails that are vertically connected to the main lifting rail. A high-level lateral conversion mechanism is provided between the two auxiliary lifting rails. The main lifting rail, the low-position lateral conversion mechanism, the auxiliary lifting rail, and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism are connected to form a closed-loop transportation track for the powered slag truck to travel on. Both the low-position lateral conversion mechanism and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism have bearing surfaces that support the lateral movement of the powered slag car. The powered slag car descending to the lower end of the main lifting rail switches between the two main lifting rails via the bearing surface of the low-position lateral conversion mechanism. The high-position lateral conversion mechanism has an extendable state and a retracted state that can be switched between each other. In the extendable state, the bearing surface at least partially overlaps with the travel path of the two auxiliary lifting rails. In the retracted state, the bearing surface is located between the two auxiliary lifting rails. The powered slag car rising to the upper end of the auxiliary lifting rail switches between the two auxiliary lifting rails via the bearing surface of the high-position lateral conversion mechanism in the extendable state.

[0008] As a preferred option, the transmission tube is composed of multiple arc-shaped segments spliced ​​together; each main lifting rail is composed of multiple short rail segments spliced ​​together, and the short rails and the low-position lateral conversion mechanism are fixed on the corresponding arc-shaped segments.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, each short rail segment is provided with a locking part and a plug-in part at both ends, and the locking part of each short rail segment on the same main lifting rail is plugged into the plug-in part of the adjacent short rail.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the low-position lateral conversion mechanism is a horizontal plate, with both ends of the horizontal plate extending below the two main lifting rail travel paths.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the high-position lateral conversion mechanism includes a fixed plate, which is fixed on the transmission pipe between two auxiliary lifting rails. Both sides of the fixed plate are provided with horizontally retractable telescopic plates, and the top surfaces of the fixed plate and the two telescopic plates constitute the bearing surface.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the power slag car has a horizontal power mechanism adapted to the low-position lateral conversion mechanism and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism, as well as a vertical power mechanism adapted to the main lifting rail and the auxiliary lifting rail. The horizontal power mechanism includes a horizontal wheel disposed on the bottom surface of the power slag truck and a first drive component that drives the horizontal wheel to rotate; The vertical power mechanism includes track wheels mounted on the side of the power slag truck and a second drive component that drives the track wheels to rotate.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the powered slag truck has a slag bin and a top slag inlet and a side slag outlet connecting the slag bin. The side slag outlet is equipped with a liftable side door, and the bottom surface of the slag bin is equipped with a flip-over slag discharge plate. The powered slag truck is equipped with a side door drive mechanism for raising and lowering the side door and a slag discharge plate drive mechanism for flipping the slag discharge plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the main lifting rail and the auxiliary lifting rail are vertically connected to form a lifting rail. The lifting rail is provided with toothed grooves that cooperate with the track wheels to enable the powered slag car to move vertically. The two sides of the lifting rail are provided with anti-detachment guard plates that cooperate with the powered slag car. The upper and lower ends of the anti-detachment guard plate are respectively provided with a high-position lateral movement avoidance groove and a low-position lateral movement avoidance groove. The lower end of the high-position lateral movement avoidance groove is horizontally opposite to the high-position lateral conversion mechanism, and the lower end of the low-position lateral movement avoidance groove is horizontally opposite to the low-position lateral conversion mechanism.

[0015] As a preferred option, a rectangular guide rail is provided within the closed-loop transport track, which coincides with its path. The rectangular guide rail has a central cable groove and an outer sliding groove, and the power slag car is equipped with a slider that slides in conjunction with the outer sliding groove.

[0016] A construction method for a dynamic muck removal device for ultra-deep vertical shafts includes the following steps: S1. Prefabricate the top pressure block, the arc-shaped tube segment for forming the transmission pipe, and the short rail for forming the main lifting rail; install the auxiliary lifting rail and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism on the top pressure block; install the short rail and the low-position lateral conversion mechanism on the corresponding arc-shaped tube segment; S2. Start the tunneling machine and have its head tunnel downwards along the strata to form a vertical shaft; The arc-shaped segments are installed layer by layer into the vertical shaft to form the initial transmission pipe. The pressure block is attached to the upper end of the transmission pipe, so that the main lifting rail, the low-position lateral conversion mechanism, the auxiliary lifting rail and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism are connected to form a closed-loop transportation track for the powered slag car to travel. S3. Place multiple powered muck trucks on a closed-loop transport track and move clockwise or counterclockwise to transport the excavated muck from the tunneling head inside the transmission pipe to the top outside of the transmission pipe. S4. Continue to start the tunneling machine and make its tunneling head dig downwards to increase the depth of the shaft. At this time, the initial transmission pipe and the capping block will descend to a certain depth. The pressure block is raised a certain distance relative to the transmission pipe, and a new arc-shaped tube segment is added to the initial transmission pipe to extend it into a new transmission pipe. The arc-shaped tube segment added directly below the pressure block has a short rail that can connect the main lifting rail and the auxiliary lifting rail. S5. Repeat steps S3-S4 until the excavated shaft reaches the predetermined depth.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This ultra-deep vertical shaft dynamic slag removal device can perform slag removal operations while drilling the vertical shaft. As the depth of the vertical shaft increases, the transmission pipe and hoisting rail are extended by splicing arc-shaped segments, which greatly reduces the time for slag accumulation and waiting for cleaning in traditional construction, significantly improves slag removal efficiency, and thus accelerates the overall vertical shaft construction progress.

[0018] 2. The low-position lateral conversion mechanism and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism facilitate the lateral transfer of the slag car on the lifting rail, which can ensure the stability and continuity of the slag car's movement on the closed-loop transportation track, and help improve the load capacity and operating efficiency of the slag car. At the same time, the constructed closed-loop transportation track has low cost and can be reused.

[0019] 3. The device and its construction method can be flexibly adjusted and optimized according to different geological conditions, well diameter and drilling process requirements of ultra-deep vertical shafts. It has wide applicability and can operate stably under various complex working conditions.

[0020] 4. The device's powered muck trucks transport muck on a closed-loop transport track, making the construction process fully mechanized, reducing labor costs and improving safety. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is an overall axonometric view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the entire invention; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure block of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an arc-shaped tube segment with a low-position lateral conversion mechanism in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power slag truck of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of the pressure block of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the high-position lateral conversion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary lifting rail of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the short rail of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the low-position lateral conversion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped tube segment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the tunneling head in one state according to the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the tunneling head in another state in this invention.

[0023] Reference numerals: 1. Tunneling machine head, 2. Transmission pipe, 201. Arc-shaped segment, 3. Main lifting rail, 301. Short rail, 3011. Snap-fit ​​part, 3012. Insertion part, 4. Low-position lateral conversion mechanism, 5. Powered muck car, 501. Horizontal wheel, 502. Track wheel, 503. Muck bin, 504. Side door, 505. Muck discharge plate, 506. Sliding block, 507. Lead screw, 6. Top block, 7. Secondary lifting rail, 8. High-position lateral conversion mechanism, 801. Fixed plate, 802. Telescopic plate, 803. Cylinder, 9. Anti-detachment guard plate, 901. High-position lateral movement clearance groove, 902. Low-position lateral movement clearance groove, 10. Rectangular guide rail, 11. Connecting seat one, 12. Connecting seat two, 13. Slag scraper arm. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in detail through exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures, and features in one embodiment may be advantageously incorporated into other embodiments.

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "a," "an," or "the," etc., used in the specification and claims of this patent application do not express a limitation on quantity, but rather indicate the presence of at least one; the terms "first," "second," and "third," as used herein, should not be considered as a limitation on the order of components, but are merely for distinguishing different components; the terms "comprising," "including," etc., indicate that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects having the same function.

[0026] To more clearly describe this ultra-deep vertical shaft dynamic slag removal device and its construction method, combined with the attached... Figure 1-14 This embodiment is described as follows: like Figure 1-4 As shown, a dynamic muck removal device for ultra-deep vertical shafts includes a transmission pipe 2 installed along with the tunneling head 1 during the excavation of the ultra-deep vertical shaft. The muck cut by the tunneling head 1 during the excavation process enters the bottom of the transmission pipe 2. The inner wall of the transmission pipe 2 is provided with a main lifting rail 3 and a low-position lateral conversion mechanism 4 located at the lower end of the main lifting rail 3. There are two main lifting rails 3, which extend from the top of the transmission pipe 2 to the bottom of the transmission pipe 2. A liftable power muck car 5 is provided on the main lifting rail 3. Above the transmission pipe 2 is a top pressure block 6 that can descend with or rise relative to the transmission pipe 2. The top pressure block 6 has two auxiliary lifting rails 7 that vertically connect to the main lifting rail 3. A high-level lateral conversion mechanism 8 is located between the two auxiliary lifting rails 7. The main lifting rail 3, the low-level lateral conversion mechanism 4, the auxiliary lifting rails 7, and the high-level lateral conversion mechanism 8 are connected to form a closed-loop transport track for the powered slag car 5. Both the low-level lateral conversion mechanism 4 and the high-level lateral conversion mechanism 8 have bearing surfaces that support the lateral movement of the powered slag car 5. The powered slag car 5 descends to the lower end of the main lifting rail 3. The bearing surface of the low-position lateral conversion mechanism 4 switches between the two main lifting rails 3; the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8 has an extended state and a retracted state that can be switched between each other. In the extended state (the extension direction is the connecting vertical line of the two auxiliary lifting rails 7), the bearing surface at least partially overlaps with the travel path of the two auxiliary lifting rails 7 (which can stably support the power slag car 5). In the retracted state, the bearing surface is located between the two auxiliary lifting rails 7. The power slag car 5, which rises to the upper end of the auxiliary lifting rails 7, switches between the two auxiliary lifting rails 7 through the bearing surface of the extended state of the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8.

[0027] Multiple powered slag cars 5 move in the same direction along the closed-loop transport track. Specifically, taking the clockwise movement of powered slag cars 5 on the closed-loop transport track as an example, the working state is described as follows: The empty powered slag car 5 moves downward to the bottom of its stroke on the right auxiliary lifting rail 7 and the main lifting rail 3. Under the action of its own power, the powered slag car 5 moves along the bearing surface of the low-position lateral conversion mechanism 4 to the left main lifting rail 3. The slag at the bottom of the transmission pipe 2 is loaded into the powered slag car 5 manually or mechanically. The powered slag car 5 rises to the top of its stroke along the left main lifting rail 3 and auxiliary lifting rail 7. The bearing surface of the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8 is converted to the extended state to receive the bottom of the powered slag car 5. The slag in the powered slag car 5 is transferred to the outside of the well through the equipment outside the well. At this time, the slag car is empty. Under the action of its own power, the powered slag car 5 moves along the bearing surface of the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8 in the extended state to the right auxiliary lifting rail 7, completing one working cycle of a single powered slag car.

[0028] See Figure 1The transmission pipe 2 is composed of multiple arc-shaped pipe segments 201 spliced ​​together. To facilitate splicing, all arc-shaped pipe segments have the same shape. The arc-shaped pipe segments 201 are prefabricated in advance according to construction needs and can be used directly in the construction process of ultra-deep vertical shafts. When the tunneling head 1 is working, the spliced ​​transmission pipe 2 and the top pressure block 6 move downward synchronously as a whole with the action of the external pipe pressure equipment. The curved segment 201 includes two types: one is a standard segment without a closed-loop transport track, and the other is a segment with a closed-loop transport track; see reference. Figure 12 The inner wall of the arc-shaped tube segment 201 or the pressure block 6 is provided with a connecting seat 11, which is used to fix the main lifting rail 3 or the auxiliary lifting rail 7. (See reference) Figure 7 The outer wall of the pressure block 6 is provided with a connecting seat 2 12, which is used to connect with the equipment outside the well that drives the pressure block 6.

[0029] Each main lifting rail 3 is spliced ​​from multiple short rails 301. The short rails 301 and the low-position lateral conversion mechanism 4 are fixed on the corresponding arc-shaped segments 201. During the construction of ultra-deep vertical shafts, as the depth of the ultra-deep vertical shaft increases, the transmission pipe and lifting rail can be extended by splicing arc-shaped segments to form a new closed-loop transportation track that fits the current depth of the vertical shaft, ensuring that the slag at the bottom of the vertical shaft can be continuously transported out. When installing a new arc-shaped segment 201, ensure that the power slag car 5 is stationary on the low-position lateral conversion mechanism 4 or the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8, cut off the power supply to the power slag car 5, lift the top block 6 through the mechanical arm outside the shaft, disconnect the main lifting rail 3 and the auxiliary lifting rail 7 from the docking position, and supplement the disconnected position of the main lifting rail 3 and the auxiliary lifting rail 7 with the new arc-shaped segment 201 with the short rails 301, so that the closed-loop transportation track is restored to a closed loop.

[0030] See Figure 10 Since the short rails 301 are set on the arc-shaped tube segment 201, in order to ensure that the short rails 301 can be aligned, each end of the short rail 301 is provided with a snap-fit ​​part 3011 and a plug-in part 3012. The snap-fit ​​part 3011 of each short rail 301 on the same main lifting rail 3 is plugged into the plug-in part 3012 of the adjacent short rail 301. If the auxiliary lifting rail 7 is too long, the auxiliary lifting rail 7 can also be prefabricated into multiple segments and connected by assembly. The multiple segments of the auxiliary lifting rail 7 and the short rails of the auxiliary lifting rail 7 and the main lifting rail 3 can be plugged into each other.

[0031] See Figure 5 Specifically, the low-position lateral conversion mechanism 4 can be a horizontal plate. This horizontal plate does not need to be extended or retracted. Both ends of the horizontal plate extend (the extension direction is the connecting vertical line of the two main lifting rails 3) to the bottom of the travel path of the two main lifting rails 3, so that the power slag car 5 can move directly from the main lifting rail 3 on one side of the horizontal plate to the main lifting rail 3 on the other side.

[0032] See Figure 8 In its retracted state, the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8 does not interfere with the ascent of the power slag car 5. In its extended state, the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8 ensures that the power slag car 5, which has moved to the top of the lifting rail travel, is promptly received, guaranteeing the lateral transfer of the power slag car 5 between the two lifting rails. Specifically, the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8 includes a fixed plate 801, which is fixed to the transmission pipe 2 between the two auxiliary lifting rails 7. Both sides of the fixed plate 801 are provided with horizontally retractable telescopic plates 802. The top surfaces of the fixed plate 801 and the two telescopic plates 802 form a bearing surface. A cylinder 803 is provided at the bottom of the fixed plate 801. The cylinder arm of the cylinder 803 is fixed to the lower side of the telescopic plates 802. The cylinder 803 drives the horizontal movement of the telescopic plates 802 on both sides. After the power slag car 5 moves to the top of the lifting rail travel, it switches to the extended state, and the telescopic plates 802 can extend directly below the power slag car 5 at this time.

[0033] See Figure 6 The power slag car 5 has a horizontal power mechanism adapted to the low-position lateral conversion mechanism 4 and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8, and a vertical power mechanism adapted to the main lifting rail 3 and the auxiliary lifting rail 7; the horizontal power mechanism includes a horizontal wheel 501 set on the bottom surface of the power slag car 5 and a first drive component that drives the horizontal wheel 501 to rotate; the vertical power mechanism includes a track wheel 502 set on the side of the power slag car 5 and a second drive component that drives the track wheel 502 to rotate; both the first drive component and the second drive component (not shown in the figure) can be a motor with a driver, a brake and a reducer; The power slag truck 5 has a slag bin 503 and a top slag inlet and a side slag outlet connecting the slag bin 503. The side slag outlet is equipped with a liftable side door 504. The bottom surface of the slag bin 503 is equipped with a flip-over slag discharge plate 505. The power slag truck 5 is equipped with a side door drive mechanism that drives the side door 504 to rise and fall, and a slag discharge plate drive mechanism (which can be a motor, not shown in the figure) that drives the slag discharge plate 505 to flip. The slag in the transmission pipe 2 is fed into the slag bin 503 of the power slag truck 5 through the top slag inlet. When unloading, the side door 504 is opened and the slag discharge plate 505 is flipped at a certain angle. The slag in the slag bin 503 slides from the side door 504 to the transfer equipment outside the well along with the tilted slag discharge plate 505. Specifically, a chute is provided at the side slag discharge port for the side door 504 to slide up and down. A vertical threaded hole is provided on the side door 504. The side door drive mechanism includes a lead screw 507 located in the chute. The lead screw 507 is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole of the side door 504. The rotation of the lead screw 507 can drive the side door 504 to move along the chute. The power of the lead screw 507 can be provided by a motor. The motor is fixed at the bottom of the slag bin 503, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lead screw 507.

[0034] See Figure 9 and Figure 11 The main lifting rail 3 and the auxiliary lifting rail 7 are vertically connected to form a lifting rail. The lifting rail is provided with toothed grooves that cooperate with the track wheel 502 to make the powered slag car 5 move vertically. The two sides of the lifting rail are provided with anti-detachment guard plates 9 that cooperate with the powered slag car 5. The track wheel 502 moves up and down in cooperation with the toothed grooves. The anti-detachment guard plates 9 restrict the position of the powered slag car 5 so that the track wheel 502 can fit tightly with the toothed grooves. To ensure the stability of the power slag car 5 on the lifting rail, two toothed rails are set on each lifting rail. See Figure 9 and Figure 11 The upper and lower ends of the anti-detachment guard plate 9 are respectively provided with a high-position lateral movement avoidance groove 901 and a low-position lateral movement avoidance groove 902 on the horizontal sides. The lower end of the high-position lateral movement avoidance groove 901 is horizontally opposite to the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8, and the lower end of the low-position lateral movement avoidance groove 902 is horizontally opposite to the low-position lateral conversion mechanism 4. The high-position lateral movement avoidance groove 901 and the low-position lateral movement avoidance groove 902 do not interfere with the lateral switching of the power slag truck 5 between the low-position lateral conversion mechanism 4 and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8. See Figure 5 To ensure the stability of the vertical lifting of the power slag car 5, a rectangular guide rail 10 with the same path is provided in the closed-loop transport track. The rectangular guide rail 10 has a cable groove in the middle and an outer sliding groove. A slider 506 that slides with the outer sliding groove is detachably connected to the power slag car 5. The position of the power slag car 5 is restricted by the slider 506 and the outer sliding groove, and the attitude of the power slag car 5 is controlled. The power slag car 5 can provide its own power by carrying a mobile power supply (not shown in the figure), or it can be powered by external power through the cable in the rectangular guide rail 10. When external power is supplied, a power supply mechanism needs to be set at the contact position between the slider 506 and the rectangular guide rail 10. The rectangular guide rail 10 is decomposed into multiple small segments, which are respectively installed on the arc-shaped tube segments 201 that match the closed-loop transport track components. After the closed-loop transport track is assembled, the rectangular guide rail 10 is also connected.

[0035] See Figure 13 and Figure 14The cutterhead of the tunneling machine head 1 is equipped with a scraper arm 13 and a telescopic mechanism that drives the scraper arm 13 to extend and retract. The surface of the scraper arm 13 is covered with a layer of rubber so that it can clean and collect the fine soil broken by the cutterhead and the residual soil on the cutterhead into the soil bin of the tunneling machine, which is suitable for the uneven shape of the cutterhead and the working face. (The various scrapers on the cutterhead protrude, that is, the radius of the scraper breaking the rock is larger than that of the machine head. There is a certain gap between the machine head and the surrounding rock at the front end. There are small broken rocks in the gap. In addition, a small amount of soil will also be attached to the cutterhead.) This prevents the fine soil from being repeatedly broken and worn by the cutterhead. When the tunneling machine head 1 is in working condition, the scraper arm 13 is located on the rear side of the cutterhead. When the tunneling machine head 1 is not in working condition, the scraper arm 13 protrudes to the front side of the cutterhead to clean one side of the working face.

[0036] A construction method for a dynamic muck removal device for ultra-deep vertical shafts includes the following steps: S1, prefabricated capping block 6, arc-shaped tube segment 201 for forming transmission pipe 2, and short rail 301 for forming main lifting rail 3; the auxiliary lifting rail 7 and high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8 are installed on the capping block 6; the short rail 301 and low-position lateral conversion mechanism 4 are installed on the corresponding arc-shaped tube segment 201; S2. Start the tunneling machine and have its tunneling head 1 tunnel downwards along the strata to form a vertical shaft; The arc-shaped segments 201 are installed layer by layer into the vertical shaft to form the initial transmission pipe 2. The top block 6 is attached to the upper end of the transmission pipe 2, so that the main lifting rail 3, the low-position lateral conversion mechanism 4, the auxiliary lifting rail 7 and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism 8 are connected to form a closed-loop transportation track for the power slag car 5 to travel. S3. Place multiple powered slag trucks 5 on a closed-loop transport track and move clockwise or counterclockwise to transport the slag excavated by the tunneling head 1 in the transmission pipe 2 to the top outside of the transmission pipe 2. S4. Continue to start the tunneling machine and make its tunneling head 1 tunnel downward to increase the depth of the shaft. At this time, the initial transmission pipe 2 and the top block 6 descend to a certain depth (during this process, the transmission pipe 2 and the top block 6 move synchronously to ensure the integrity of the closed-loop transport track. The transmission pipe 2 can be continuously lowered with the tunneling head 1 by applying pressure through external pipe pressing equipment). The pressure block 6 is raised a certain distance relative to the transmission pipe 2, and a new arc-shaped tube segment 201 is added to the initial transmission pipe 2 to extend it into a new transmission pipe 2. The arc-shaped tube segment 201 added directly below the pressure block 6 has a short rail 301 that can connect the main lifting rail 3 and the auxiliary lifting rail 7. S5. Repeat steps S3-S4 until the excavated shaft reaches the predetermined depth.

[0037] The parts not described in detail in the above embodiments are existing technologies.

[0038] It should be noted that although the present invention has been described through the above embodiments, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can obviously make various corresponding changes and modifications to the present invention, but all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dynamic slag removal device for ultra-deep vertical shafts during drilling, characterized in that: The transmission pipe (2) is installed along with the tunneling machine head (1) during the excavation of the ultra-deep vertical shaft. The inner wall of the transmission pipe (2) is provided with a main lifting rail (3) and a low-position lateral conversion mechanism (4) located at the lower end of the main lifting rail (3). There are two main lifting rails (3) that extend from the top of the transmission pipe (2) to the bottom of the transmission pipe (2). A liftable power muck car (5) is provided on the main lifting rail (3). Above the transmission pipe (2) is a pressure block (6) that can descend with the transmission pipe (2) or rise relative to the transmission pipe (2). The pressure block (6) is provided with two auxiliary lifting rails (7) that are vertically connected to the main lifting rail (3). A high-level lateral conversion mechanism (8) is provided between the two auxiliary lifting rails (7). The main lifting rail (3), the low-position lateral conversion mechanism (4), the auxiliary lifting rail (7) and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism (8) are connected to form a closed-loop transportation track for the power slag car (5) to travel; Both the low-position lateral conversion mechanism (4) and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism (8) have bearing surfaces that support the lateral movement of the power slag car (5); the power slag car (5) descending to the lower end of the main lifting rail (3) switches between the two main lifting rails (3) via the bearing surface of the low-position lateral conversion mechanism (4); the high-position lateral conversion mechanism (8) has an extended state and a retracted state that can be switched between each other. The bearing surface in the extended state at least partially overlaps with the travel path of the two auxiliary lifting rails (7), and the bearing surface in the retracted state is located between the two auxiliary lifting rails (7). The power slag car (5) rising to the upper end of the auxiliary lifting rail (7) switches between the two auxiliary lifting rails (7) via the bearing surface in the extended state of the high-position lateral conversion mechanism (8).

2. The ultra-deep vertical shaft dynamic slag removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission tube (2) is composed of multiple arc-shaped tube segments (201) spliced ​​together; each main lifting rail (3) is composed of multiple short rail segments (301) spliced ​​together, and the short rails (301) and the low-position lateral conversion mechanism (4) are fixed on the corresponding arc-shaped tube segments (201).

3. The ultra-deep vertical shaft dynamic slag removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each short rail (301) has a snap-fit ​​part (3011) and a plug-in part (3012) at both ends. The snap-fit ​​part (3011) of each short rail (301) on the same main lifting rail (3) is plugged into the plug-in part (3012) of the adjacent short rail (301).

4. The ultra-deep vertical shaft dynamic slag removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-position lateral conversion mechanism (4) is a horizontal plate, and the two ends of the horizontal plate extend below the travel paths of the two main lifting rails (3).

5. The ultra-deep vertical shaft dynamic slag removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-position lateral conversion mechanism (8) includes a fixed plate (801), which is fixed on the transmission pipe (2) between two auxiliary lifting rails (7). Both sides of the fixed plate (801) are provided with horizontally retractable telescopic plates (802), and the top surfaces of the fixed plate (801) and the two telescopic plates (802) constitute the bearing surface.

6. The ultra-deep vertical shaft dynamic slag removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power slag car (5) has a horizontal power mechanism adapted to the low-position lateral conversion mechanism (4) and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism (8) and a vertical power mechanism adapted to the main lifting rail (3) and the auxiliary lifting rail (7); The horizontal power mechanism includes a horizontal wheel (501) disposed on the bottom surface of the power slag truck (5) and a first drive component that drives the horizontal wheel (501) to rotate; The vertical power mechanism includes a track wheel (502) disposed on the side of the power slag truck (5) and a second drive component that drives the track wheel (502) to rotate.

7. The ultra-deep vertical shaft dynamic slag removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power slag truck (5) has a slag bin (503) and a top slag inlet and a side slag outlet that connect the slag bin (503). The side slag outlet is provided with a liftable side door (504). The bottom surface of the slag bin (503) is provided with a flip-over slag discharge plate (505). The power slag truck (5) is provided with a side door drive mechanism that drives the side door (504) to rise and fall, and a slag discharge plate drive mechanism that drives the slag discharge plate (505) to flip.

8. The ultra-deep vertical shaft dynamic slag removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main lifting rail (3) and the auxiliary lifting rail (7) are vertically connected to form a lifting rail. The lifting rail is provided with toothed grooves that cooperate with the track wheel (502) to make the power slag car (5) move vertically. The two sides of the lifting rail are provided with anti-detachment guard plates (9) that cooperate with the power slag car (5). The upper and lower ends of the anti-detachment guard plate (9) are respectively provided with a high-position lateral movement avoidance groove (901) and a low-position lateral movement avoidance groove (902). The lower end of the high-position lateral movement avoidance groove (901) is horizontally opposite to the high-position lateral conversion mechanism (8), and the lower end of the low-position lateral movement avoidance groove (902) is horizontally opposite to the low-position lateral conversion mechanism (4).

9. A dynamic slag removal device for ultra-deep vertical shafts according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rectangular guide rail (10) with the same path is provided in the closed-loop transport track. The rectangular guide rail (10) has a central cable groove and an outer sliding groove. The power slag car (5) is provided with a slider (506) that slides with the outer sliding groove.

10. The construction method of a dynamic slag removal device for ultra-deep vertical shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Prefabricate the top block (6), the arc-shaped tube segment (201) for forming the transmission pipe (2), and the short rail (301) for forming the main lifting rail (3); install the auxiliary lifting rail (7) and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism (8) on the top block (6); install the short rail (301) and the low-position lateral conversion mechanism (4) on the corresponding arc-shaped tube segment (201); S2. Start the tunneling machine and make its tunneling head (1) tunnel downward along the strata to form a vertical shaft; The arc-shaped segments (201) are installed layer by layer into the vertical shaft to form the initial transmission pipe (2). The pressure block (6) is attached to the upper end of the transmission pipe (2), so that the main lifting rail (3), the low-position lateral conversion mechanism (4), the auxiliary lifting rail (7) and the high-position lateral conversion mechanism (8) are connected to form a closed-loop transportation track for the power slag car (5) to travel. S3. Place multiple power slag trucks (5) on a closed-loop transport track and move clockwise or counterclockwise to transport the slag excavated by the tunneling head (1) in the transmission pipe (2) to the top outside of the transmission pipe (2). S4. Continue to start the tunneling machine and make its tunneling head (1) tunnel downwards to increase the depth of the shaft. At this time, the initial transmission pipe (2) and the top block (6) descend to a certain depth. The pressure block (6) is raised a certain distance relative to the transmission tube (2), and a new arc-shaped tube segment (201) is added to the initial transmission tube (2) to extend it into a new transmission tube (2). The arc-shaped tube segment (201) added directly below the pressure block (6) has a short rail (301) that can connect the main lifting rail (3) and the auxiliary lifting rail (7). S5. Repeat steps S3-S4 until the excavated shaft reaches the predetermined depth.

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