Pressure reducing and buffering structure device for conveying CNG (compressed natural gas) through pipeline

Abstract

The invention provides a pipeline conveying CNG pressure reducing and buffering structure device, and relates to the technical field of natural gas pipeline conveying, the pressure reducing and buffering structure device comprises a gas inlet pipeline, a pressure regulating structure, a gas outlet pipeline and a control module, the pressure regulating structure is internally provided with a flow guide cavity and a buffering cavity which are separated by a diaphragm, and the center of the diaphragm is connected with a self-adaptive action structure; and the top of the pressure regulating valve is connected with an electrically-controlled pressure regulating driving piece through a pressure regulating main spring. A pressure-reducing lever structure is arranged in the diversion chamber, and the control module drives the pressure-regulating driving piece to change the acting force of the main spring and regulate the initial position of the diaphragm to pre-regulate the outlet pressure; meanwhile, pressure change in the flow guide cavity drives the diaphragm to move, the pressure reduction lever is driven by the self-adaptive action structure to adjust the air inlet flow in a linkage mode, and mechanical follow-up fine adjustment is achieved. By combining electric control presetting and mechanical linkage, rapid, accurate and self-adaptive pressure stabilizing and buffering of the pressure of the CNG pipeline are achieved, and the response speed and the operation reliability of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of natural gas pipeline transportation technology, and in particular to a pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline transportation of CNG. Background Technology

[0002] CNG (compressed natural gas), as a gaseous fuel, mixes more evenly with air, burns more completely, and emits fewer harmful substances such as CO and HC. It is widely used in urban gas pipeline transportation, vehicle refueling stations, and industrial fuel supply. During CNG pipeline transportation, due to the high and potentially fluctuating pressure of the upstream gas source, pressure-reducing buffer devices must be installed in the pipeline to stabilize the high-pressure gas to the required lower pressure to ensure the safe and stable operation of downstream gas-using equipment.

[0003] In the present technology, the pressure reducing devices commonly used mostly adopt mechanical direct pressure reducing or electronic control regulating valves. However, when faced with large or frequent fluctuations in intake pressure, these devices often have problems such as slow response and insufficient regulation accuracy, making it difficult to achieve rapid pressure self-adaptive balance. This can easily lead to downstream pressure overshoot or pressure stabilization failure, affecting the safety and reliability of the gas supply system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline CNG transportation, so as to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline-delivered CNG includes an inlet pipe, a pressure regulating structure, an outlet pipe, and a control module. The inlet pipe and outlet pipe are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the pressure regulating structure. Pressure detectors are installed on both the inlet and outlet pipes to detect the pressure at the inlet and outlet ends of the pressure regulating structure. The pressure regulating structure includes an upper shell, a lower shell, a pressure regulating drive component, a diaphragm, an adaptive structure, and a pressure-reducing lever structure. The upper and lower shells are fitted together to form a pressure-reducing chamber. The diaphragm is disposed within the pressure-reducing chamber and divides the chamber into a flow-guiding chamber and a buffer chamber. The flow guiding chamber is connected to the inlet and outlet of the pressure regulating structure. The adaptive action structure is located at the center of the diaphragm, and its top is connected to the pressure regulating drive through the main pressure regulating spring. The pressure regulating drive is used to adjust the vertical movement of the adaptive action structure by applying a downward force to the main pressure regulating spring. The pressure reducing lever structure is rotatably located inside the flow guiding chamber, with one end extending to the connection between the inlet of the pressure regulating structure and the flow guiding chamber to regulate the flow rate of CNG entering the flow guiding chamber. The other end of the pressure reducing lever structure extends to the lower side of the adaptive action structure. The control module is signal-connected to the pressure regulating drive and the two pressure detectors.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention also provides the following optional technical solutions: In one alternative: the air inlet end of the pressure regulating structure is provided with an air inlet hole, and the air inlet hole is connected to the end of the air inlet pipe by a thread; a pressure regulating port is opened on the side wall of the flow guiding chamber and is connected to the air inlet hole; the pressure reducing lever structure includes a lever seat and a rod body, the lever seat is fixed on the inner wall of the flow guiding chamber, the rod body is rotatably connected to the lever seat, one end of the rod body extends to the pressure regulating port and is provided with a valve disc, and the other end of the rod body is connected to the bottom of the adaptive action structure.

[0007] In one alternative: the valve disc is made of rubber material.

[0008] In one alternative: the outlet end of the pressure regulating structure is provided with an outlet hole, and the outlet hole is connected to the end of the outlet pipe by a thread.

[0009] In one alternative: the mating surface between the upper and lower housings is a flange face, and the two flange faces are fastened together by a plurality of circumferentially distributed bolts; an annular sealing groove is provided on the flange face of the lower housing and a sealing ring is installed in the annular sealing groove.

[0010] In one alternative: the upper housing has a movable cavity at its top center; the pressure regulating drive includes a pressure regulating electric cylinder and a pressure regulating block; the pressure regulating block is located inside the movable cavity and can slide axially; the pressure regulating block is connected to the end of the pressure regulating main spring away from the adaptive action structure; the pressure regulating electric cylinder is located at the top of the upper housing, and its telescopic end is connected to the pressure regulating block.

[0011] In one alternative: when the pressure inside the flow chamber is too high, the adaptive structure moves upward with the diaphragm and, when it contacts the inner wall of the upper shell at the top, guides the CNG inside the flow chamber to the buffer chamber. An air storage tank is also provided outside the air intake pipe and is connected to the buffer chamber through the air guide pipe.

[0012] In one alternative: an air passage is provided on the outer wall of the upper housing, and an exhaust end is provided at the air passage. The end of the air guide pipe away from the control module is detachably connected to the exhaust end.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment: the adaptive action structure includes a safety cylinder, a top cover, a movable valve body, and an upper lifting unit. The safety cylinder is located at the center of the diaphragm, and its outer wall near the bottom has at least one pressure relief hole. The movable valve body is located inside the safety cylinder and is axially movable. The top of the movable valve body is connected to the top wall of the safety cylinder by an internal spring, and the bottom of the movable valve body can block the pressure relief hole. The top cover is fixed to the top of the safety cylinder and has an upper air hole at its center. The upper lifting unit is located on the side wall of the safety cylinder, with one end extending into the interior of the safety cylinder and abutting against the side of the movable valve body. The upper lifting unit is inclined upward, and when its top contacts the inner wall of the upper shell, it acts on the movable valve body to move it upward.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment: the movable valve body includes a lower plug, an upper cone, and a connecting air pipe. The lower plug is fixed to the bottom of the connecting air pipe and its thickness is greater than the diameter of the pressure relief hole. The upper cone is fixed to the top of the connecting air pipe with its conical surface facing downward. Both ends of the connecting air pipe extend to the surfaces of the upper cone and the lower plug, respectively. The upper lifting unit includes a side guide cylinder and an upper lifting rod. The side guide cylinder is located on the side wall of the safety cylinder, with its end away from the safety cylinder inclined upward. The upper lifting rod is located inside the side guide cylinder and is axially movable. The end of the upper lifting rod that extends into the safety cylinder contacts the conical surface of the upper cone.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes a pressure detector and an electronic control module to monitor and provide feedback on the inlet and outlet pressures in real time. By precisely adjusting the force of the main spring through a driving component, it achieves rapid and accurate pre-adjustment of the diaphragm's initial position, enabling the system to anticipate pressure changes and significantly reduce pressure fluctuations and overshoot. It innovatively designs an adaptive action structure and a pressure-reducing lever structure linked to the diaphragm. Simultaneously, pressure changes cause diaphragm displacement, mechanically adjusting the opening of the inlet valve, forming a dual adjustment mechanism of "electronic pre-adjustment" and "mechanical follow-up fine-tuning," enhancing the system's internal stability. The diaphragm divides the chamber into a flow-guiding chamber and a buffer chamber, directly absorbing or releasing energy through deformation during pressure fluctuations. Combined with flow regulation, this achieves a smoother pressure reduction and buffering process. The mechanical lever structure is simple and reliable, complementing the electronic control system and improving the overall operational reliability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the CNG pressure reduction and buffer structure device for pipeline transportation in this invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage regulating structure in this invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the voltage regulating structure in this invention from one perspective.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the voltage regulating structure in this invention from another perspective.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure-reducing lever structure in this invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive action structure in this invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the adaptive action structure in this invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the movable valve body structure in this invention.

[0025] Figure reference numerals: Inlet pipe 100, pressure regulating structure 200, upper shell 210, air passage 211, lower shell 220, pressure regulating electric cylinder 230, pressure regulating block 231, pressure regulating main spring 232, exhaust end 240, air inlet 250, pressure regulating air port 251, air outlet 260, diaphragm 270, adaptive action structure 280, safety cylinder 281, top cover 282, pressure relief hole 283, side guide cylinder 284, upper top action rod 285, upper air hole 286, movable valve body 287, lower plug 2871, upper cone 2872, connecting air guide pipe 2873, pressure reducing lever structure 290, lever seat 291, rod 292, valve disc 293, air outlet pipe 300, air pressure detector 400, air storage tank 500, air guide pipe 510, control module 600. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The left, right, up, and down positions of the various components shown in the attached diagram are just one arrangement method; the specific positions should be set according to specific needs.

[0028] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, a CNG pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline transportation includes an inlet pipe 100, a pressure regulating structure 200, an outlet pipe 300, and a control module 600. The inlet pipe 100 and the outlet pipe 300 are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the pressure regulating structure 200. Pressure detectors 400 are installed on both the inlet pipe 100 and the outlet pipe 300 to detect the pressure at the inlet and outlet ends of the pressure regulating structure 200. The pressure regulating structure 200 includes an upper housing 210, a lower housing 220, a pressure regulating drive component, a diaphragm 270, an adaptive structure 280, and a pressure-reducing lever structure 290. The upper housing 210 and the lower housing 220 are fitted together to form a pressure-reducing chamber. The diaphragm 270 is disposed within the pressure-reducing chamber, thus reducing the pressure in the chamber. The chamber is divided into a flow guiding chamber and a buffer chamber. The flow guiding chamber is connected to the inlet and outlet of the pressure regulating structure 200. The adaptive action structure 280 is located at the center of the diaphragm 270. Its top is connected to the pressure regulating drive through the pressure regulating main spring 232. The pressure regulating drive is used to adjust the vertical movement of the adaptive action structure 280 by applying a downward force to the pressure regulating main spring 232. The pressure reducing lever structure 290 is rotatably located inside the flow guiding chamber. One end of the lever extends to the connection between the inlet of the pressure regulating structure 200 and the flow guiding chamber to regulate the flow rate of CNG entering the flow guiding chamber. The other end of the pressure reducing lever structure 290 extends to the lower side of the adaptive action structure 280. The control module 600 is signal connected to the pressure regulating drive and the two pressure detectors 400.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, CNG enters the guide chamber through the intake pipe 100 and the intake end of the pressure regulating structure 200. The increased CNG concentration and pressure inside the guide chamber cause the diaphragm 270 to move upwards, increasing the space within the guide chamber and thus reducing pressure. The adaptive action structure 280 moves upwards along with the diaphragm 270, causing the pressure-reducing lever structure 290 to move, its end gradually pressing against the intake end to reduce the intake flow rate, thereby further reducing pressure. After the CNG in the guide chamber is discharged through the outlet end of the pressure regulating structure 200 and the outlet pipe 300, the pressure inside the guide chamber decreases. Under the elastic force of the pressure regulating main spring 232, the diaphragm 270 moves downwards, and the adaptive action structure 280 moves downwards along with the diaphragm 270 and acts on the pressure-reducing lever structure. At one end of 290, the pressure-reducing lever structure 290 rotates to increase the airflow at the inlet end of the pressure regulating structure 200, thereby increasing the pressure in the guide chamber until the pressure in the guide chamber reaches a certain equilibrium. Two air pressure detectors 400 detect the pressure in the inlet pipe 100 and the outlet pipe 300 respectively, and transmit the data to the control module 600. When the pressure in the inlet pipe 100 and the outlet pipe 300 changes, the control module 600 sends an adjustment command to the pressure regulating drive according to the degree of pressure change. The pressure regulating drive acts on the pressure regulating main spring 232 to achieve compression and extension. The adaptive action structure 280 and the diaphragm 270 make corresponding feedback actions, thereby adjusting the diaphragm 270 in the initial space of the guide chamber, and thus adjusting the outlet pressure of the pressure regulating structure 200.

[0030] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the pressure regulating structure 200 has an air inlet 250 at its air inlet end, and the air inlet 250 is connected to the end of the air inlet pipe 100 by a thread; a pressure regulating port 251 is provided on the side wall of the flow guide chamber, and the pressure regulating port 251 is connected to the air inlet 250; the pressure reducing lever structure 290 includes a lever seat 291 and a rod 292, the lever seat 291 is fixed on the inner wall of the flow guide chamber, and the rod 292 is rotatably connected to the lever seat 291, with one end of the rod 292 extending... The rod 292 extends to the pressure regulating port 251 and is equipped with a valve disc 293. The other end of the rod 292 is connected to the bottom of the adaptive structure 280. In this embodiment, when the adaptive structure 280 moves with the diaphragm 270, it drives the rod 292 to rotate. The valve disc 293 moves relative to the pressure regulating port 251, adjusting the CNG flow rate entering the guide chamber through the pressure regulating port 251 to adapt to the pressure within the guide chamber. The rotational movement of the rod 292 controls the intake volume, resulting in a fast response. The valve disc 293 is made of rubber, and its deformation capacity is adapted to the pressure regulating port 251.

[0031] The pressure regulating structure 200 has an air outlet 260 at its outlet end, and the air outlet 260 is connected to the end of the air outlet pipe 300 by a thread.

[0032] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the mating surface between the upper housing 210 and the lower housing 220 is a flange face, and the two flange faces are fastened together by multiple circumferentially distributed bolts; an annular sealing groove is provided on the flange face of the lower housing 220, and a sealing ring is installed in the annular sealing groove; in this embodiment of the invention, the upper housing 210 and the lower housing 220 are connected by multiple bolts, which can realize the disassembly of the entire pressure regulating structure 200, so as to facilitate the inspection and installation of the inside of the pressure regulating structure 200; the setting of the sealing ring and the annular sealing groove can improve the sealing performance of the inside of the pressure regulating structure 200.

[0033] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the upper housing 210 has a movable convex cavity at its top center. The pressure regulating drive includes a pressure regulating electric cylinder 230 and a pressure regulating block 231. The pressure regulating block 231 is located inside the movable convex cavity and can slide axially. The pressure regulating block 231 is connected to the end of the pressure regulating main spring 232 away from the adaptive action structure 280. The pressure regulating electric cylinder 230 is located on the top of the upper housing 210, and its telescopic end is connected to the pressure regulating block 231. In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure regulating electric cylinder 230 is signal-connected to the control module 600 and is used to receive control commands issued by the control module 600 to perform telescopic movement. The telescopic movement of the control module 600 drives the pressure regulating block 231 to move axially within the movable convex cavity, thereby compressing and stretching the pressure regulating main spring 232, and thus adjusting the pressure at the outlet of the pressure regulating structure 200.

[0034] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-8 As shown, the adaptive structure 280 is a safety valve body unit. When the pressure inside the guide chamber is too high, the adaptive structure 280 moves upward with the diaphragm 270 and, when it contacts the inner wall of the upper housing 210 at its top, guides the CNG inside the guide chamber to the buffer chamber. A gas storage tank 500 is also provided outside the air inlet pipe 100, and the gas storage tank 500 is connected to the buffer chamber through the air inlet pipe 510. In this embodiment of the invention, when the pressure inside the guide chamber is too high due to blockage of the air outlet pipe 300 or other reasons, the diaphragm 270 moves upward, causing the adaptive structure 280 to move upward. After the top of the adaptive structure 280 contacts the inside of the upper housing 210, an adaptive response is generated inside the adaptive structure 280, guiding the CNG in the guide chamber to the buffer chamber, and then guiding it through the pipe to the gas storage tank 500 for storage, which can effectively prevent explosions caused by excessive pressure.

[0035] An air passage 211 is provided on the outer wall of the upper housing 210, and an exhaust end 240 is provided at the air passage 211. The end of the air guide pipe 510 away from the control module 600 is detachably connected to the exhaust end 240.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-8 As shown, the adaptive action structure 280 includes a safety cylinder 281, a top cover 282, a movable valve body 287, and an upper top unit. The safety cylinder 281 is located at the center of the diaphragm 270, and its outer wall near the bottom has at least one pressure relief hole 283. The movable valve body 287 is located inside the safety cylinder 281 and can move axially. The top of the movable valve body 287 is connected to the top wall of the safety cylinder 281 by an inner spring 288, and the bottom of the movable valve body 287 can block the pressure relief hole 283. The top cover 282 is fixed to the top of the safety cylinder 281 and has an upper air hole 286 at its center. The upper top unit is located on the side wall of the safety cylinder 281, with one end extending into the interior of the safety cylinder 281 and abutting against the side of the movable valve body 287. The upper top unit is inclined upward, and when its top contacts the inner wall of the upper shell 210, it acts on the movable valve body 287 to make it move upward. In this embodiment of the invention, in the initial state, under the elastic force of the inner spring 288, the bottom of the movable valve body 287 is always in contact with the bottom wall of the safety cylinder 281 and seals the pressure relief hole 283, preventing CNG inside the guide chamber from entering the buffer chamber and ensuring smooth flow of CNG inside the pressure regulating structure 200. When the pressure inside the guide chamber is too high, the adaptive action structure 280 moves upward, and the upper top unit moves with the safety cylinder 281 and gradually approaches the top wall of the upper shell 210. After the top of the upper top unit contacts the top wall of the upper shell 210, the upper top unit moves towards the inside of the safety cylinder 281 and acts on the movable valve body 287. The movable valve body 287 moves upward, and its bottom is misaligned with the pressure relief hole 283. Then, the CNG inside the guide chamber enters the safety cylinder 281 through the pressure relief hole 283, and then enters the buffer chamber through the upper air hole 286, realizing rapid pressure relief and preventing excessive pressure from causing an explosion.

[0037] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-8As shown, the movable valve body 287 includes a lower plug 2871, an upper cone 2872, and a connecting air pipe 2873. The lower plug 2871 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting air pipe 2873, and its thickness is greater than the diameter of the pressure relief hole 283. The upper cone 2872 is fixed to the top of the connecting air pipe 2873, with the cone surface facing downwards. Both ends of the connecting air pipe 2873 extend to the surfaces of the upper cone 2872 and the lower plug 2871, respectively. The upper lifting unit includes a side guide cylinder 284 and an upper lifting rod 285. The side guide cylinder 284 is located on the side wall of the safety cylinder 281, with its end away from the safety cylinder 281 inclined upwards. The upper lifting rod 285 is located inside the side guide cylinder 284 and can move axially. The end of the upper lifting rod 285 extending into the safety cylinder 281 is connected to the upper... The cone surface of the cone 2872 is in contact; in this embodiment of the invention, when the adaptive action structure 280 moves upward and the top of the upper push action rod 285 abuts against the inner wall of the upper housing 210, the upper push action rod 285 moves along the side guide tube 284 toward the inner wall of the safety cylinder 281. The upper push action rod 285 acts on the cone surface of the upper cone 2872, thereby pushing the upper cone 2872 upward, and then connecting the air guide tube 2873 and the lower plug 2871 to move upward. The lower plug 2871 is misaligned with the pressure relief hole 283. CNG inside the guide chamber enters the bottom of the safety cylinder 281 through the pressure relief hole 283, and then flows to the buffer chamber through the inside of the connecting air guide tube 2873 and the upper air hole 286, so as to avoid CNG acting on the movable valve body 287 inside the safety cylinder 281 and increasing the pressure of the pressure relief.

[0038] The above-described embodiments of the invention provide a pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline CNG transportation, the working principle of which is as follows: High-pressure CNG enters the flow chamber of the pressure regulating structure 200 through the intake pipe 100, the intake port 250, and the pressure regulating port 251; at this time, the valve disc 293 is in the open state under the action of the pressure reducing lever structure 290, allowing gas to flow in.

[0039] Pressure increase and decrease: When CNG increases and pressure increases in the flow chamber, it pushes the diaphragm 270 to deform upward, compressing the pressure regulating main spring 232; the self-adaptive structure 280 fixed in the center of the diaphragm 270 moves upward accordingly, causing the rod 292 of the pressure reducing lever structure 290 to rotate around the lever seat 291; this causes the valve disc 293 at the other end of the rod 292 to gradually press against the pressure regulating port 251, reducing the air intake opening, thereby automatically reducing the air intake flow and suppressing further pressure increase.

[0040] When CNG in the flow guide chamber is output through the outlet 260 and outlet pipe 300, the pressure inside the chamber decreases. At this time, the compressed pressure regulating main spring 232 releases its elasticity, pushing the adaptive action structure 280 and diaphragm 270 to return to their original position. This action causes the rod 292 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the valve disc 293 to move away from the pressure regulating port 251, increasing the air intake opening, thereby quickly replenishing gas to maintain pressure stability. Through the mechanical linkage of the diaphragm 270, the pressure regulating main spring 232, the adaptive action structure 280, and the pressure reducing lever structure 290, the system achieves dynamic self-balancing of the pressure in the flow guide chamber, ultimately adjusting the unstable air intake pressure to a relatively stable outlet pressure.

[0041] Pressure detectors 400, installed on the intake pipe 100 and the outlet pipe 300, monitor the inlet and outlet pressures in real time and send the data to the control module 600. Closed-loop control: The control module 600 receives the pressure signal and compares it with the set value. When it detects a long-term or significant deviation in the inlet and outlet pressures due to changes in air consumption or other factors, the control module 600 sends a command to the pressure regulating electric cylinder 230.

[0042] The pressure regulating electric cylinder 230 extends and retracts according to commands, driving the pressure regulating block 231 at its extension end to move axially within the movable convex cavity of the upper housing 210. This directly changes the initial compression preload of the pressure regulating main spring 232, thereby raising or lowering the overall equilibrium position reference of the diaphragm 270. This action enables precise and proactive adjustment of the initial volume space of the guide chamber, ultimately achieving remote setting and precise control of the target output pressure at the outlet 260 of the pressure regulating structure 200, forming an intelligent closed-loop pressure regulating system.

[0043] When the gas outlet pipe 300 is blocked or the downstream gas-using equipment malfunctions, causing the pressure in the guide chamber to rise abnormally and exceed the mechanical self-balancing capacity, the diaphragm 270 will be forcefully pushed upward by the abnormal high pressure.

[0044] The diaphragm 270 drives the entire adaptive action structure 280, i.e. the safety valve body unit, to move upward to the limit position, so that the top of the upper push rod 285 abuts against the inner top wall of the upper housing 210; under the reaction force, the upper push rod 285 slides along the inclined side guide tube 284 into the safety cylinder 281, and its end abuts against the inclined surface of the upper cone 2872 of the movable valve body 287.

[0045] The upper cone 2872 is lifted, causing the connecting air pipe 2873 and the lower plug 2871 at the bottom to move upward together, so that the lower plug 2871 is disengaged from the pressure relief hole 283. At this time, the high-pressure CNG in the flow guide chamber enters the safety cylinder 281 through the pressure relief hole 283, flows through the interior of the connecting air pipe 2873, and is discharged from the upper air hole 286 of the top cover 282, entering the buffer chamber.

[0046] CNG entering the buffer chamber is collected at the exhaust end 240 through the gas passage 211 on the upper shell 210, and then guided to the external gas storage tank 500 for safe storage via the gas guide pipe 510. This process quickly transfers dangerous overpressure gas, avoiding the risk of explosion due to excessive pressure, and provides critical safety redundancy for the system.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Claims

1. A pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline CNG transportation, comprising an inlet pipe, a pressure regulating structure, an outlet pipe, and a control module, wherein the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are respectively connected to the inlet end and the outlet end of the pressure regulating structure, and both the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are equipped with pressure detectors to detect the pressure at the inlet end and the outlet end of the pressure regulating structure, characterized in that... The pressure regulating structure includes an upper shell, a lower shell, a pressure regulating drive component, a diaphragm, an adaptive action structure, and a pressure reducing lever structure; The upper and lower shells are fitted together and form a pressure-reducing chamber between them. The diaphragm is disposed in the pressure-reducing chamber and divides the pressure-reducing chamber into a flow-guiding chamber and a buffer chamber. The flow-guiding chamber is connected to the air inlet and air outlet of the pressure regulating structure. The adaptive action structure is located at the center of the diaphragm, and its top is connected to the pressure regulating drive through the pressure regulating main spring. The pressure regulating drive is used to adjust the up and down movement of the adaptive action structure by applying a downward force to the pressure regulating main spring. The pressure-reducing lever structure is rotatably located inside the flow guide chamber, with one end extending to the connection between the air inlet of the pressure regulating structure and the flow guide chamber, so as to regulate the flow rate of CNG entering the flow guide chamber; the other end of the pressure-reducing lever structure extends to the lower side of the adaptive action structure. The control module is signal-connected to the pressure regulating drive and the two pressure detectors.

2. The CNG pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure regulating structure has an air inlet at its air inlet end, and the air inlet is connected to the end of the air inlet pipe by a thread. A pressure regulating port is provided on the side wall of the flow guiding chamber and is connected to the air inlet; the pressure reducing lever structure includes a lever seat and a rod. The lever seat is fixed on the inner wall of the flow guiding chamber, and the rod is rotatably connected to the lever seat. One end of the rod extends to the pressure regulating port and is provided with a valve disc. The other end of the rod is connected to the bottom of the adaptive action structure.

3. The CNG pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline transportation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The valve disc is made of rubber.

4. The CNG pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline transportation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure regulating structure has an air outlet at its outlet end, and the air outlet is connected to the end of the air outlet pipe by a thread.

5. The CNG pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mating surface between the upper and lower housings is a flange face, and the two flange faces are fastened together by multiple circumferentially distributed bolts; an annular sealing groove is provided on the flange face of the lower housing, and a sealing ring is installed in the annular sealing groove.

6. The CNG pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline transportation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper housing has a movable convex cavity at its top center, and the pressure regulating drive includes a pressure regulating electric cylinder and a pressure regulating block; The pressure regulating block is located inside the movable convex cavity and can slide axially. The pressure regulating block is connected to the end of the main pressure regulating spring away from the adaptive action structure. The pressure regulating electric cylinder is located on the top of the upper housing, and its telescopic end is connected to the pressure regulating block.

7. The CNG pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline transportation according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the pressure inside the flow chamber is too high, the adaptive structure moves upward with the diaphragm and, when it contacts the inner wall of the upper shell at the top, guides the CNG inside the flow chamber to the buffer chamber. An air storage tank is also provided outside the air intake pipe and is connected to the buffer chamber through the air guide pipe.

8. The CNG pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline transportation according to claim 7, characterized in that, An air passage is provided on the outer wall of the upper housing, and an exhaust end is provided at the air passage. The end of the air guide pipe away from the control module is detachably connected to the exhaust end.

9. The CNG pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline transportation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The adaptive action structure includes a safety cylinder, a top cover, a movable valve body, and an upper top unit; The safety cylinder is located at the center of the diaphragm, and at least one pressure relief hole is opened on its outer wall near the bottom. The movable valve body is located inside the safety cylinder and can move axially. The top of the movable valve body is connected to the top wall of the safety cylinder by an inner spring, and the bottom of the movable valve body can block the pressure relief hole. The top cover is fixed to the top of the safety cylinder, and an upper air hole is provided in the center. The upper top unit is located on the side wall of the safety cylinder, with one end extending into the interior of the safety cylinder and abutting against the side of the movable valve body. The upper top unit is inclined upward, and when its top contacts the inner wall of the upper shell, it acts on the movable valve body to make it move upward.

10. The CNG pressure-reducing and buffering structure device for pipeline transportation according to claim 9, characterized in that, The movable valve body includes a lower plug, an upper cone, and a connecting air pipe; The lower plug is fixed to the bottom of the connecting air pipe, and its thickness is greater than the diameter of the pressure relief hole. The upper cone is fixed to the top of the connecting air pipe with the cone surface facing down. The two ends of the connecting air pipe extend to the surfaces of the upper cone and the lower plug, respectively. The upper jacking unit includes a side guide cylinder and an upper jacking rod. The side guide cylinder is located on the side wall of the safety cylinder, with its end away from the safety cylinder inclined upward. The upper jacking rod is located inside the side guide cylinder and can move axially. The end of the upper jacking rod that extends into the safety cylinder contacts the conical surface of the upper cone.

Images