Temperature compensation bimetallic spring reinforced mechanical seal

Abstract

A seal assembly for use in a fluid regulation device, the seal assembly comprising: a seal sheath (60) having a channel (64) formed therein, where the channel has opposing sidewall portions, and the seal sheath is sized and configured for seating in the channel formed in the fluid regulation device; and a biasing member (70) sized and configured for placement in the channel and formed of at least a first layer and a second layer. The first layer is formed of a first metal material, and the second layer is formed of a second metal material different from the first metal material. The biasing member exerts a force on the sidewall portion of the channel when mounted in the sidewall portion of the channel. The first and second layers of the biasing member may be secured together to form a bimetal biasing member.

Description

Related applications

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 588,565, filed October 6, 2023, entitled “Temperature Compensated Bimetallic Spring Reinforced Mechanical Seal,” the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology

[0002] Spring-reinforced or spring-loaded mechanical seals provide durable and reliable sealing solutions in critical industrial and commercial applications. Conventional spring-loaded mechanical seals are essential components used in a variety of rotating or reciprocating equipment, such as pumps, compressors, mixers, and valves, to prevent fluid (e.g., liquid or gas) leakage between a shaft and a stationary housing. These conventional seals are designed to form a tight and reliable barrier between the two components, ensuring efficient and safe operation of the machinery. Conventional mechanical seals typically consist of a stationary face or component and a rotating face or component. The stationary face is usually attached to the housing or stationary component of the equipment, while the rotating face is connected to a movable shaft. The primary sealing interface occurs between the stationary and rotating faces.

[0003] Conventional spring-reinforced seals typically consist of a seal sleeve that houses a biasing member, such as a spring. The spring applies a controlled force to the seal sleeve, which forms the stationary surface, and can press or force the seal sleeve against a rotating surface, such as a shaft. The sealing force generated by the spring and the seal sleeve ensures that the sealing surfaces remain in sealing contact with each other, thus forming a seal capable of accommodating small axial or radial shaft movements and vibrations (e.g., shaft misalignment). The seal sleeve serves to house and protect the biasing spring. Therefore, the seal sleeve provides support and maintains proper alignment between the stationary and rotating surfaces.

[0004] When the seal is installed into the seal cavity within a fixed housing, the seal sleeve and spring reinforcer deform or are compressed in the radial direction. The spring-reinforced seal sleeve provides elasticity to the sealing surface (e.g., the seal lip) and pushes the seal lip in the radial direction, thereby creating an effective sealing device in both dynamic and static applications. Furthermore, the radial force or tension generated and maintained by the spring in the seal sleeve keeps the seal lip in contact with the reverse side. When system pressure is applied, the spring action is amplified. This increases the sealing force on the seal lip, improving sealing efficiency. Spring-reinforced seals can be used in both dynamic and static applications. Dynamic applications encompass reciprocating (linear), rotary, and oscillating motions, or any combination thereof.

[0005] Conventional spring-loaded mechanical seals are widely used in industrial settings to prevent the leakage of hazardous or valuable fluids and can be designed and configured in various ways to meet specific operating conditions and requirements. Proper maintenance, monitoring, and adjustment of the seals are necessary to ensure their long-term effectiveness and reliability in sealing applications.

[0006] Spring-reinforced mechanical seals offer numerous advantages, such as reliable sealing performance and versatility in a wide range of applications. However, these conventional seals also have drawbacks and limitations. Compared to other sealing methods, conventional spring-reinforced mechanical seals have a relatively complex design, making their installation, maintenance, and replacement more challenging. This complexity can also lead to higher manufacturing costs. While spring-reinforced designs are known for their ability to maintain a consistent sealing pressure, the contact between the sealing surface and the shaft can cause wear over time. This wear leads to reduced sealing efficiency and may require more frequent seal replacement or refurbishment. Furthermore, spring-reinforced mechanical seals are sensitive to shaft misalignment and vibration, which can cause premature wear and seal failure. Spring-reinforced mechanical seals are also sensitive to abrasive or corrosive contaminants present in process fluids. These contaminants can accelerate wear on the sealing surface and reduce seal life. In addition, spring-reinforced mechanical seals require more frequent maintenance, adjustment, and monitoring to ensure their continued performance when compared to alternative sealing systems such as lip seals or labyrinth seals. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention relates to a sealing assembly suitable for use with fluid regulating devices, the sealing assembly employing a multi-layer biasing member mounted within a sealing sheath. This multi-layer biasing member can be configured to flex in a selected manner based on the type of material used in a particular layer. The biasing member may have a first layer and a second layer formed of different materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion. According to an embodiment, the first layer may be formed of a first material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion, and the second layer may be formed of a second material having a different coefficient of thermal expansion. For example, the first material may be formed of a first metallic material with a high coefficient of thermal expansion, and the second layer may be formed of a second metallic material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The material with the higher coefficient of thermal expansion expands and contracts at a greater rate or amount than the material with the lower coefficient of thermal expansion, and therefore, the biasing member can bend or deflect in a selected direction based on the material with the higher coefficient of thermal expansion.

[0008] According to one embodiment, the present invention relates to a sealing assembly for use in a fluid regulating device for forming a seal with a movable shaft. The sealing assembly includes a sealing sleeve and a biasing member. The sealing sleeve has a body having a channel formed therein, wherein the channel has opposing sidewall portions. The sealing sleeve is sized and configured for placement within the channel formed in the fluid regulating device. The biasing member is sized and configured for placement within the channel and is formed of at least a first layer and a second layer. The first layer is formed of a first metallic material, and the second layer is formed of a second metallic material different from the first metallic material. The biasing member applies a force, such as an actuating force or reinforcing force, to the sidewall portions of the channel when installed in the channel. The first and second layers of the biasing member can be fixed together to form a bimetallic biasing member. Furthermore, the sealing sleeve has a base portion sized and dimensioned for placement within the channel formed in the fluid regulating device.

[0009] The first metallic material has a first coefficient of thermal expansion, and the second metallic material has a second coefficient of thermal expansion, wherein the first coefficient of thermal expansion is different from the second coefficient of thermal expansion. According to one embodiment, the first metallic material has a high coefficient of thermal expansion, and the second metallic material has a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Conversely, the first metallic material may have a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and the second metallic material may have a high coefficient of thermal expansion. The first and second layers may be combined or fixed together (e.g., brazed or welded). The biasing member may be configured as a spring element with a helical or U-shaped configuration. According to one embodiment, the first layer is formed of brass, and the second layer is formed of steel.

[0010] According to another embodiment, the first metal material of the first layer is formed from one of brass, stainless steel, nickel-based alloy low-alloy steel, bronze, nickel-manganese steel, nickel, and nickel-silver and manganese bronze, and the second metal material of the second layer is formed from one of nickel-iron alloy, Alloy 42, Haynes 188, Inconel, nickel-based alloy, and steel. According to another embodiment, the first metal material of the first layer is selected from brass, stainless steel, nickel-based alloy low-alloy steel, bronze, nickel-manganese steel, nickel, and nickel-silver and manganese bronze, and the second metal material of the second layer is selected from nickel-iron alloy, Alloy 42, Haynes 188, Inconel, nickel-based alloy, and steel.

[0011] The present invention also relates to a method of forming a sealing assembly for use in a fluid regulating device for forming a seal with a movable shaft, the method comprising: providing a sealing sleeve having a body having a channel formed therein, wherein the channel has opposing sidewall portions, and the sealing sleeve being sized and configured for placement within the channel formed in the fluid regulating device; and forming a biasing member sized and configured for placement within the channel and formed of at least a first layer and a second layer. The first layer is formed of a first metallic material, and the second layer is formed of a second metallic material different from the first metallic material. The biasing member applies a force (e.g., an actuating force or reinforcing force) to the sidewall portions of the channel when mounted in the channel. The first and second layers of the biasing member are fixed together to form a bimetallic biasing member. Furthermore, the sealing sleeve is configured to have a base portion sized and dimensioned for placement within the channel of the fluid regulating device.

[0012] According to another embodiment of the method of the present invention, a first metallic material has a first coefficient of thermal expansion, and a second metallic material has a second coefficient of thermal expansion, wherein the first coefficient of thermal expansion is different from the second coefficient of thermal expansion. The biasing member may have a helical or U-shaped configuration.

[0013] According to another embodiment of the method of the present invention, the first metal material of the first layer is formed from one of brass, stainless steel, nickel-based alloy low-alloy steel, bronze, nickel-manganese steel, nickel and nickel-silver and manganese bronze, and the second metal material of the second layer is formed from one of nickel-iron alloy, Alloy 42, Haines 188, Inconel, nickel-based alloy, and steel. Alternatively, the first metal material of the first layer is formed from brass, stainless steel, nickel-based alloy low-alloy steel, bronze, nickel-manganese steel, nickel and nickel-silver and manganese bronze, and the second metal material of the second layer is formed from nickel-iron alloy, Alloy 42, Haines 188, Inconel, nickel-based alloy, and steel. Attached Figure Description

[0014] These and other features and advantages of the invention will be more fully understood by referring to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals refer to the same elements throughout the different views. The drawings illustrate the principles of the invention and, although not to scale, show relative dimensions.

[0015] Figure 1 This is an exemplary fluid regulating device employing the sealing assembly of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is installed according to the teachings of the present invention. Figure 1 An exploded partial cross-sectional view of the sealing assembly of the present invention within a fluid regulating device.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the sealing assembly of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 It is based on the teachings of the present invention. Figure 3 A partial perspective view of the sealing assembly.

[0019] Figure 5 It is based on the teachings of the present invention. Figure 3 Partial sectional perspective view of the sealing assembly.

[0020] Figure 6 It is based on the teachings of the present invention. Figure 3 A partial perspective view of the biasing component of the sealing assembly.

[0021] Figures 7A-7C This is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary bimetallic bias member, showing the temperature variation of the bias member in a neutral and flexed position according to the teachings of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the sealing assembly of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 It is based on the teachings of the present invention. Figure 8 A partial perspective view of the sealing assembly.

[0024] Figure 10A and Figure 10B This is a perspective view of yet another embodiment of the biasing member of the sealing assembly of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 11 and Figure 12 This is a perspective view of an example bimetallic bias member suitable for use in the sealing assembly of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The terms “mechanical seal assembly,” “mechanical seal,” and “sealing system” used herein are intended to encompass different types of mechanical fluid sealing systems and sealing assemblies, including single or solid seals, separate seals, concentric seals, helical seals, gas seals, cassette seals, spring-reinforced seals, and other known mechanical seals and seal types and configurations.

[0027] The term "sealing assembly" is intended to refer to a combination of multiple components that can be mounted in or coupled to a fixed device, and these components can be sized and configured to form a robust and effective seal with respect to a shaft associated with the fixed device. A sealing assembly may include multiple sealing elements forming a sealing element assembly, which is mounted or coupled to the fixed device or an optional gland element for forming a seal between the fixed device (or gland element) and the shaft. The sealing elements depend on the type of sealing assembly employed. For example, in a cap seal, the sealing elements may include a reinforcing element and a seal or cap element. A sealing assembly may also include a packaging assembly with a series of individual packaging elements. The packaging elements may optionally be woven packaging units formed from suitable packaging materials. Furthermore, a sealing assembly may include a sealing sheath forming the sealing elements and an associated biasing member.

[0028] As used herein, the terms "packaging assembly" or "packaging loading assembly" are intended to include any selected component or assembly of components (including at least, for example, a pressure cap) for applying axial loading pressure to packaging material to provide a seal between at least the fixed and movable parts of a device. A packaging assembly may include one or more packaging elements, such as woven packaging elements formed from suitable packaging materials.

[0029] As used herein, the term "packaging material" is intended to include elastic and at least partially compressible materials used to seal glands or secure devices with a wide range of fluids under a wide range of pressures and temperatures.

[0030] As used herein, the terms “fixed device,” “packing box,” and / or “static surface” are intended to include any suitable fixing structure that houses a shaft to which a seal or packing loading assembly, with optional glands or other structures, is secured. The fixed device may optionally house a processing medium. The fixing structure can include any type of commercial or industrial equipment, such as pumps (e.g., plunger pumps), valves, etc. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that a gland can form part of a mechanical seal, packing loading assembly, or fixed device.

[0031] As used herein, the terms “processing medium” and / or “processing fluid” generally refer to a medium or fluid transferred through stationary equipment. For example, in pump applications, the processing medium is the fluid pumped through the pump housing.

[0032] As used herein, the term "gland" is intended to include any suitable structure that enables, facilitates, or assists in securing a mechanical seal or sealing assembly to a fixed device, while simultaneously at least partially enclosing or housing one or more sealing elements. If desired, a gland may also provide a fluid inlet to the mechanical seal.

[0033] The term "shaft" is intended to refer to any suitable device in a mechanical system to which a mechanical seal can be mounted, and this device includes shafts, rods, plungers, pistons, and other known devices. A shaft is capable of movement in any selected direction, such as, for example, in the rotational direction or the reciprocating direction.

[0034] As used herein, the terms "axial" and "axially" refer to directions that are generally parallel to the axis of the shaft. The terms "radial" and "radially" refer to directions that are generally perpendicular to the axis of the shaft. The terms "fluid" and "fluids" refer to liquids, gases, and combinations thereof.

[0035] As used herein, the term "axially internal" or "axially inner" refers to the portion of a component of a stationary device and / or mechanical seal that is arranged adjacent to the stationary device (e.g., a mechanical system) employing the mechanical seal. Therefore, the term also refers to a component of a mechanical seal or packing loading assembly that is mounted to or within the stationary device or located deepest or closest to the device (e.g., inner). Conversely, as used herein, the term "axially external" or "axially outer" refers to the portion of the stationary device and mechanical seal or packing loading assembly arranged on the distal side (e.g., outer) of the device.

[0036] As used herein, the term "radial interior" refers to the portion of a mechanical seal, packing loading assembly, or related component adjacent to the shaft. Conversely, as used herein, the term "radial exterior" refers to the portion of a mechanical seal, packing loading assembly, or related component located away from the shaft.

[0037] The term "fluid regulating device" is intended to include any selected device (such as a pipe) that assists, prevents, or regulates the flow or pumping of fluid through a fluid transport or delivery medium. Fluid regulating devices are preferably of the type employing mechanical seals, which are sealing components and may include, for example, pumps, valves, regulators, and the like.

[0038] The terms “ambient environment” or “ambient pressure” are intended to include any external environment or pressure other than the internal environment of a gland, package loading assembly, mechanical seal, or fixed equipment.

[0039] The mechanical seal of this invention can be used in fluid regulating devices having a fixed device and a movable shaft. According to one practice, the fluid regulating device can be a valve with a reciprocating shaft, and the mechanical seal can be a spring-loaded or spring-reinforced mechanical seal. The valve can have any selected size and shape and can be, for example, a hydraulic valve, a manual valve, a pneumatic valve, a solenoid valve, a motor valve, etc. Types of valves suitable for use with this invention can also include gate valves, butterfly valves, ball valves, and plug valves; control valves; or check valves including quarter-turn valves and ball valves.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary fluid regulating device 10 (such as a shut-off valve) employing a mechanical seal including the sealing assembly 50 of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the shut-off valve illustrated herein is only one type of fluid regulating device that can be used with the sealing assembly 50 of the present invention, and other types of fluid regulating devices can also be used. The illustrated fluid regulating device 10 is shown for illustrative purposes and for simplicity and clarity. The illustrated fluid regulating device 10 includes a body portion 12 that serves as a fixing device and may have an opening or chamber 14 formed therein. Each end of the body portion 12 may be configured to be coupled to a fluid conduit carrying fluid to be regulated by the valve 10. The body portion 12 of the fluid regulating device 10 may be integral or may have multiple segments joined together. For example, the body portion 12 may include a valve cover portion or segment 16. The valve cover portion 16 is typically formed of a first valve cover portion 18 and a second valve cover portion 20, the first valve cover portion 18 being coupled to, for example, a bottom body portion 12A, and the second valve cover portion 20 being coupled to the remainder of the body portion 12, including an integrally formed valve cover bushing 26. A gasket 22 may be installed between the first valve cover portion 18 and the second valve cover portion 20, and then the first valve cover portion 18 and the second valve cover portion 20 are fastened together via suitable fasteners, such as the bolt and nut assemblies 24, 24 illustrated. The valve cover bushing 26 is coupled to a yoke portion 28 via a gland 30. The yoke 28 is then coupled to a pressure application device, such as a handwheel 32, etc. Typically, the gland 30 may include a nose element, which is a separate element of the valve cover and yoke of the valve 10. The yoke 28 may be cast or formed as part of the valve cover assembly to support the valve stem and thrust bearing. Thus, the gland 30 may be a removable sub-section of the valve cover bushing 26 connected by gland bolts 48.

[0041] The illustrated handwheel 32 is coupled to one end of a movable shaft (such as a vertically movable or reciprocating valve stem 36). When rotated, the handwheel 32 moves the valve stem 36 vertically upward and downward according to the direction of rotation. The valve stem 36 is coupled at its other end to a valve wedge assembly 42 disposed in a chamber 14. The valve wedge assembly 42 is used to regulate the flow of fluid through the body portion 12 according to its position within the chamber 14. A gland 30 may include a gland element 46, which, when installed therein, sits against a spring-loaded sealing assembly 50. The gland element 46 can be moved vertically by tightening gland bolts 48, 48. When the gland bolts are tightened, the sealing assembly 50 is further compressed by the gland element 46. The sealing assembly 50 is designed to form a liquid-tight seal with the valve stem 36 (e.g., a shaft). The sealing assembly 50 may be arranged around the valve stem 36 and provides an interface and dynamic sealing surface between the valve stem and the rest of the fluid regulating device.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a further illustration of the fluid regulating device 10 employing the sealing assembly 50 of the present invention. Specifically, Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of a fluid regulating device 10 is shown, having a body portion 12 (e.g., a mounting device) including a valve cap portion 16 having a channel 38 or space formed therein for mounting a sealing assembly 50 of the present invention. The sealing assembly 50 may be a spring-loaded bimetallic sealing assembly for forming a seal with a valve stem 36. A first embodiment suitable for mounting the illustrated sealing assembly 50 in the fluid regulating device 10 is shown, for example in… Figures 3-6 The illustrated sealing assembly 50 may include multiple components or members, including, for example, a sealing sleeve or housing element 60 serving as a sealing element, and a biasing member 70 for biasing the sealing sleeve 60 into a sealing engagement with the shaft 36 and with a stationary device. The sealing sleeve 60 may have any selected shape or configuration and preferably has a body 62 having a channel 64 formed therein. The channel 64 forms a pair of opposing sidewall portions 66. The body 62 also includes a base portion 68. The channel 64 is sized and configured to accommodate the biasing member 70. The sidewalls of the sealing sleeve 60 are configured to contact the mating surface or outer surface of the shaft 36 to create or form a fluid seal or barrier to prevent leakage of the processed fluid or media. The opposing sidewall portions are configured to contact the stationary device. If desired, the sealing sleeve 60 may be configured to have a specific geometry, such as a lip, a groove, or other shape that allows the sleeve to effectively conform to the surface of the shaft 36 or other sealing surfaces. The sealing sleeve 60 can be formed from any suitable material, such as polymer materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), and other types of high-performance engineering plastics.

[0043] The biasing member 70 helps provide a sealing or reinforcing force to maintain contact between the seal sleeve 60 and the shaft 36 and the stationary equipment. The biasing member 70 can be configured as a spring-like element that applies a generally consistent or constant radial force on the sidewall 66 of the channel 64 to ensure that the sleeve maintains a fluid-tight or face-tight contact with the shaft 36 and the stationary equipment, even as the seal sleeve wears over time or as the system experiences pressure or temperature fluctuations. The reinforcing effect of the biasing member 70 ensures proper contact between the seal sleeve 60 and the mating surfaces of the shaft, resulting in a tight seal. The reinforcing force compensates for any wear or alteration in the properties of the seal sleeve due to temperature changes or chemical exposure. As system temperature fluctuates, the dimensions of the biasing member 70 can change due to the thermal expansion or contraction of the spring material. This can adversely affect the sealing force required to maintain an effective seal.

[0044] Conventional systems typically employ a single-layer biasing member made of a single type of material and utilize the force-to-displacement characteristics (i.e., spring constant) of the spring geometry and material properties to form a seal. The present invention uses a biasing member 70 having multiple layers formed of different types of materials. The biasing member 70 can therefore employ two or more layers, wherein at least two of these layers are formed of different types of materials. According to one embodiment, the biasing member is formed of two or more layers formed of different types of metallic materials. According to another embodiment, the biasing member 70 is formed of two layers formed of different metallic materials to form a bimetallic biasing member that responds to temperature and compensates for temperature changes. The spring force generated by the biasing member 70 can be maintained at an appropriate level to maintain a leak-free seal.

[0045] The biasing member 70 illustrated can be, for example, a spring element having any selected size, shape, or configuration. In the illustrated embodiment, the biasing member 70 has a helical shape. The biasing member 70 can be formed from multiple layers of various different types of materials (such as different types of metal materials) with different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE). According to one embodiment, the biasing member 70 can be formed from two different types of metal materials, thus forming a bimetallic spring or biasing member. According to one embodiment, the biasing member 70 can employ multiple dissimilar or different layers of metal materials, which can be fixed together, for example by bonding, to form a generally integral or monolithic component. The metal materials can have different coefficients of thermal expansion, such that heating or cooling the metal material can cause deformation of the material in a predictable size and direction.

[0046] An example of the bimetallic bias member 70 is, for example, in Figure 6 and 7A - Figure 7CAs shown, the bimetallic biasing member 70 employs multiple layers formed from different types of metallic materials forming part of the sealing assembly 50. The illustrated biasing member 70 may have a body 72 that can be formed from multiple layers 74, 76, each layer being formed from a different type of metallic material. The metallic materials may have different coefficients of thermal expansion. The metallic materials may include metals or metal alloys. For example, layer 74 may be formed from a first metallic material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion, and layer 76 may be formed from a second, different metallic material having a second coefficient of thermal expansion different from the first coefficient of thermal expansion. According to one embodiment, layers 74, 76 may employ low-expansion and high-expansion materials. For example, layer 74 may be formed from brass, and layer 76 may be formed from steel. Layers 74, 76 may be fixed or bonded together using known fixing or adhesive techniques. Different metallic materials combined to form a laminated structure are generally formed as a single material. With each metallic material having a different coefficient of thermal expansion, heating or cooling the metallic material can cause selected deformations of the material in a predictable size and direction. Figure 7A As shown, when the biased member 70 is subjected to room temperature, the layer will not move or bend from its original position or shape. Figure 7B As shown, if the biasing member 70 is heated, it bends in a selected predetermined direction. Specifically, each layer 74, 76 expands, but because the metallic materials of each layer have different coefficients of thermal expansion, layer 76, made of a material with a higher coefficient of thermal expansion, expands more than layer 74, made of a material with a lower coefficient of thermal expansion. Because one layer 76 expands more than another layer 74, the biasing member 70 tends to bend or deform in the direction of layer 76, which is made of a material with a higher or larger coefficient of thermal expansion. The amount of bending in each layer, and therefore in the biasing member 70, depends on the temperature rise and the difference in coefficients of thermal expansion. Furthermore, if the biasing member 70 is cooled, as... Figure 7C As shown, the biasing member 70 bends in the opposite direction. Specifically, each layer 74, 76 contracts, but because the metal materials of each layer have different coefficients of thermal expansion, layer 76, which has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion, contracts more than layer 74, which has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion. Because one layer 76 contracts more than the other layer 74, the biasing member 70 tends to bend or twist in the opposite direction and therefore in the direction of layer 74.

[0047] The bimetallic biasing member of this invention can be applied in various industries, including aerospace, automotive, oil and gas, pharmaceutical, and food processing. The biasing member can be used in rotating or reciprocating equipment (such as valves, pumps, compressors, and other machinery), where effective sealing is crucial. Conventional sealing assemblies are challenged due to extreme temperatures. In low-temperature applications (e.g., valves), the shrinkage caused by the negative coefficient of thermal expansion of the material and the very low temperature of current liquefied gas spring materials cannot maintain sufficient sealing load. The sealing assembly of this invention compensates for temperature changes by maintaining and / or increasing the spring load.

[0048] Figure 8 and Figure 9 Another embodiment of a sealing assembly according to the teachings of the present invention is shown. The illustrated sealing assembly 100 may include a plurality of parts or components, including, for example, a sealing sleeve or housing element 110 serving as a sealing element and a biasing member 120 serving as a spring for biasing the sealing sleeve 110 into a sealing engagement with the shaft 36 and with a fixed housing (e.g., a gland 30). The sealing sleeve 110 may have any selected shape or configuration and preferably has a body 112 having a channel 114 formed therein. The channel 114 forms a pair of opposing sidewall portions 116. The body 112 also includes a base portion 118. The channel 114 is sized and configured to accommodate the biasing member 120. The sealing sleeve 110 is configured to contact a mating surface or outer surface of the shaft 36 to create or form a fluid seal or barrier to prevent leakage of the processed fluid or medium. If desired, the seal sleeve 110 can be configured to have a specific geometry, such as a lip, a groove, or other shape that allows the sleeve to effectively conform to the surface of the shaft 36 or other sealing surfaces. The seal sleeve 110 can be formed from any suitable material, such as, for example, a polymeric material of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), or other high-performance engineering plastics.

[0049] The biasing member 120 helps provide a sealing force or reinforcing force to maintain contact between the seal sleeve 110 and the shaft 36. The biasing member 120 can be configured to apply a consistent radial force on the sidewall 116 of the channel 114 to ensure the sleeve maintains a fluid seal or a face-to-face tight contact with the shaft 36, even when the seal wears over time or when the system experiences pressure or temperature fluctuations. The reinforcing effect of the biasing member 120 ensures that the seal sleeve 110 maintains proper contact with the mating surfaces of the shaft, resulting in a tight seal. The reinforcing force compensates for any wear or alteration in the characteristics of the seal sleeve due to temperature changes or chemical exposure. As system temperature fluctuates, the dimensions of the biasing member 120 can change due to the thermal expansion or contraction of the spring material. This can adversely affect the sealing force to maintain an effective seal. The biasing member 120 can have an overall U-shaped configuration.

[0050] The biasing member 120 illustrated can be configured to comprise multiple layers formed of different types of materials, such as different types of metallic materials. Figures 7A-7C As shown, the biasing member 120 can be configured as a bimetallic biasing member formed of two different types of metallic materials. The biasing member 70 can employ layers 74 and 76 of different metallic materials, which can be fixed or bonded together to form a single integral component. The metallic materials can have different coefficients of thermal expansion, such that heating or cooling the metallic materials can cause deformation of the material in a predictable size and direction. Specifically, layer 74 can be formed of a first metallic material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion, and layer 76 can be formed of a second, different metallic material having a second coefficient of thermal expansion different from the first coefficient of thermal expansion.

[0051] Figure 10A and Figure 10B Further embodiments of a biasing member that can be used with the sealing assembly of the present invention are illustrated. In these embodiments, the sealing assembly may include a biasing member 140 having a waveform configuration, such as... Figure 10A As shown. Alternatively, the biasing member 160 can have a three-dimensional matrix configuration, such as... Figure 10B As shown.

[0052] As described herein, a biasing member forms part of the sealing assembly and forms or generates a sealing or reinforcing force that forces the sealing sheath into a sealing contact with the mating surfaces of the gland 30 and shaft 36 to maintain the sealing contact between the sealing sheath 60 and the mating surfaces. Specifically, the biasing member can be configured to apply a relatively constant radial force to the sealing sheath, thus ensuring that the sealing sheath maintains contact with the inner surface of the gland and the outer surface of the shaft, even when the sealing sheath wears over time or when the system experiences pressure or temperature fluctuations. The reinforcing or biasing effect of the biasing member ensures that the sealing sheath maintains proper contact with the mating surfaces of the shaft, thereby creating a fluid-impermeable seal. As the system temperature fluctuates, the dimensions of the sealing sheath change due to the thermal expansion or contraction of the spring material. This can adversely affect the sealing force to maintain an effective seal. The biasing member of the sealing assembly of the present invention can be configured as a bimetallic biasing member that responds to temperature and compensates for temperature changes by maintaining or increasing the reinforcing force (e.g., spring load). In this way, the material can be selected such that the spring force is maintained at an appropriate level during use to maintain a leak-free seal.

[0053] Figure 11 and Figure 12An example of a biasing member formed of two or more layers of bimetallic material is illustrated. According to one embodiment, the biasing member may be formed of two layers, each formed of a different metallic material. As used herein, the term "bimetallic" or "bimetallic material" is intended to mean a biasing member formed of at least two different types of metals and / or metal alloys with different coefficients of thermal expansion, such that the metals expand and contract at different rates when subjected to temperature changes. Thus, bimetallic materials can include multiple metals, multiple metal alloys, metals and metal alloys, etc. The different rates and amounts of expansion and contraction of the two metals or metal alloys relative to each other can cause the biasing member to move, bend, or warp in a selected or predetermined manner or direction. Two different types of metallic materials can be joined or fixed together by any suitable process, such as by bimetallic bonding, which involves physically joining or combining two different metals or metal alloys to produce a composite material with unique properties. Different metallic materials can also be joined by bonding, welding, or brazing techniques, such as explosive welding, roll bonding, diffusion bonding, etc. The choice of bonding technology depends on a variety of factors, such as the type of metallic material used, the intended application, and the desired properties of the resulting bimetallic material. Metals can include, for example, iron, copper, aluminum, gold, lead, tin, zinc, nickel, and titanium. Metal alloys can be materials comprising a combination of two or more metallic elements or metals containing one or more non-metallic elements. Metal alloys can be created to enhance the properties of metals used in specific applications. Examples of metal alloys may include steel (e.g., an alloy of iron and carbon, and usually other elements such as chromium, nickel, or manganese), bronze (e.g., an alloy of copper and tin), brass (e.g., an alloy of copper and zinc), aluminum alloys (e.g., aluminum with one or more elements such as copper, magnesium, or silicon), nitinol (e.g., an alloy made of nickel and titanium), pewter (e.g., an alloy of tin with selected amounts of antimony, copper, and sometimes silver), monel (e.g., an alloy of nickel and copper), hastelloy (e.g., a family of nickel-based alloys), invar (e.g., an alloy of iron and nickel), ferroalloys (e.g., superalloys composed of cobalt, chromium, nickel, iron, manganese, and trace amounts of carbon), and so on.

[0054] According to one embodiment, one or more layers of the multilayer biasing member may include a high-expansion metallic material with a high coefficient of thermal expansion, including metals or metal alloys such as brass (e.g., copper and zinc, such as 70 Cu and 30 Zn), stainless steel or nickel-based alloys (e.g., including nickel, chromium and iron, such as 22 Ni 3 Cr Bal Fe, 25 Ni 8.5 Cr Bal Fe, 18 Ni 11.5 Cr Bal Fe, 19 Ni 7 Cr Bal Fe, 18 Cr 8 Ni Bal Fe, etc.), low-alloy steels (e.g., including nickel, chromium, carbon and iron, such as 19.4 Ni, 2.25 Cr, 0.5 C and Bal Fe, etc.), bronzes (e.g. including tin and copper, such as 5Sn Bal Cu, etc.), nickel-manganese steel, alloys or superalloys (e.g., including nickel, manganese and iron, such as 20 Ni 6 Mn Bal Fe, etc.), nickel and nickel-silver and manganese bronzes (e.g., including manganese, copper and nickel, such as 72 Mn 18 Cu 10 Ni, etc.). Furthermore, one or more additional layers of a multilayer biased component may comprise a low-expansion metallic material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion relative to the other layers, and may comprise metals or metal alloys, such as nickel-iron alloys, such as Invar or Permalloy (e.g., comprising nickel and iron, such as 36NiBalFe, 39NiBalFe, 40NiBalFe, 42NiBalFe, 45NiBalFe, or 50NiBalFe), high-performance alloys or superalloys (e.g., Alloy 42, Haines 188, and Inco Nickel, etc.) (e.g., comprising nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, and iron, such as 32Ni 15Co 1Mo BalFe or 32Ni 1Co 1Mo BalFe), nickel-based alloys (e.g., comprising nickel, chromium, and iron, such as 38Ni 7Cr BalFe, etc.), and stainless steels (e.g., comprising chromium and iron, such as 17Cr BalFe, etc.). The name "Bal" indicates that the remaining percentage of the material is composed of a balancing element, which is often a base metal, such as iron in the example above. These layers may be fixed or bonded together using suitable techniques. If these layers are brazed together, suitable brazing materials can be used, such as copper, iron, or nickel.

[0055] As used herein, the term "high coefficient of thermal expansion" refers to a material that expands or contracts significantly when subjected to temperature changes (e.g., exposure to heating or cooling temperatures). The coefficient of thermal expansion can be measured in µm / m·℃ (micrometers per meter per degree Celsius). Materials with high CTE experience more significant dimensional changes for each degree of temperature increase or decrease compared to materials with low CTE. High CTE can have measurements of approximately 15 µm / m·℃ and higher. Common materials with high CTE include aluminum (22 µm / m·℃–24 µm / m·℃), brass (18 µm / m·℃–19 µm / m·℃), plastics / polymers (50 µm / m·℃–150 µm / m·℃, depending on type), etc.

[0056] As used herein, the term "low coefficient of thermal expansion" refers to a material that exhibits minimal dimensional change when subjected to temperature variations. CTE is measured in µm / m·℃ (micrometers per meter per degree Celsius). Materials with low CTE expand or contract only slightly with temperature changes, making them ideal for applications requiring dimensional stability under thermal stress. A low coefficient of thermal expansion can be less than or equal to about 10 µm / m·℃. Materials with low CTE can include, for example, Invar alloys (nickel-iron alloy -1 µm / m·℃–2 µm / m·℃), silicon carbide (4 µm / m·℃–5 µm / m·℃), quartz glass (0.5 µm / m·℃–1 µm / m·℃), etc.

[0057] The biasing member can employ a first layer and a second layer made of selected materials. A material in one of these layers is considered to have a low or high coefficient of thermal expansion when its coefficient of thermal expansion is between approximately 10 µm / m·℃ and approximately 15 µm / m·℃, depending on the coefficient of thermal expansion of the materials used in adjacent layers. For example, if the material in the first layer has a coefficient of thermal expansion in this range (between approximately 10 µm / m·℃ and 15 µm / m·℃), and the material used in the adjacent second layer has a coefficient of thermal expansion below this range, then the material in the first layer can be considered to have a high coefficient of thermal expansion. Similarly, if the material in the adjacent second layer has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the material in the first layer (between approximately 10 µm / m·℃ and 15 µm / m·℃), then the material in the first layer can be considered to have a low coefficient of thermal expansion.

[0058] According to an alternative embodiment, the biasing member can be formed of multiple layers, wherein each layer is formed of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and wherein the coefficients of thermal expansion are different from each other. Similarly, the biasing member can be formed of multiple layers, wherein each layer is formed of a material with a high coefficient of thermal expansion, and wherein the coefficients of thermal expansion are different from each other.

[0059] Figure 11An example of a bimetallic bias member 170 is shown, which can subsequently be formed into any selected shape or configuration, such as the spiral shape, U-shaped configuration, wave-like shape, etc., illustrated in various embodiments. The illustrated bias member 170 may include a first layer 172 formed of a first material and a second layer 174 formed of a different second material. According to one embodiment, the first layer 172 of the bias member 170 may be formed of a first type of metallic material, and the second layer 174 may be formed of a different second type of metallic material. For simplicity, the bias member 170 is configured as a ring. Figure 12 Another embodiment of the biasing member of the sealing member of the present invention is illustrated. The biasing member illustrated is shown as a bimetallic biasing member 170, wherein these layers are formed relative to the... Figure 11 The layers of the biasing member 170 are reversed. Specifically, the bimetallic biasing member has a first outer layer 182 formed of a first material and a second inner layer 184 formed of a different second material. Unlike the homogeneous materials used in the construction of conventional biasing members and typically in spring-reinforced seals, the bimetallic material employed in the biasing member of the present invention provides an opportunity for automatic compensation for expansion and contraction that could be detrimental to an effective seal. The bimetallic construction of the biasing member of the present invention uses different metallic materials combined together. With each metal having a different coefficient of thermal expansion, heating or cooling the material causes the material to deform in a predictable manner. By constructing the biasing member from bimetallic materials (e.g., layers of different types of metallic materials), the sealing assembly of the present invention can be used in environments exposed to extreme temperature conditions while maintaining a fluid seal.

[0060] This invention has been described herein with respect to the illustrated embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be implemented in many different applications and embodiments, and is not particularly limited to the specific embodiments described herein.

[0061] Therefore, it will be seen that the present invention effectively achieves among the objectives set forth above, and those objectives that become clear from the foregoing description. Since certain changes can be made to the above construction without departing from the scope of the invention, everything intended to be included in the foregoing description or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0062] It should also be understood that the following claims will cover all general and specific features of the invention described herein and all statements regarding the scope of the invention, and as a matter of language, it can be said that these statements fall within it.

[0063] The invention has been described; what is new and desired to be protected by a patent certificate is the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A sealing assembly for use in a fluid regulating device, the sealing assembly being configured to form a seal with a movable shaft, the sealing assembly comprising: A sealing sleeve has a body having a channel formed therein, wherein the channel has opposing sidewall portions, and the sealing sleeve is sized and configured for placement within the channel formed in the fluid regulating device. A biasing member, sized and configured for placement within the channel, and formed of at least a first layer and a second layer, wherein the first layer is formed of a first metallic material, and the second layer is formed of a second metallic material different from the first metallic material. The biasing member applies force to the sidewall portion of the channel when installed in the channel.

2. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, wherein, The first and second layers of the biasing member are fixed together to form a bimetallic biasing member.

3. The sealing assembly according to claim 2, wherein, The sealing sleeve has a base portion that is sized and dimensioned for placement within the channel of the fluid regulating device.

4. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, wherein, The first metallic material has a first coefficient of thermal expansion, and the second metallic material has a second coefficient of thermal expansion, wherein the first coefficient of thermal expansion is different from the second coefficient of thermal expansion.

5. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, wherein, The first metallic material has a high coefficient of thermal expansion, and the second metallic material has a low coefficient of thermal expansion.

6. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, wherein, The first metallic material has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and the second metallic material has a high coefficient of thermal expansion.

7. The sealing assembly according to claim 4, wherein, The first layer and the second layer are combined together.

8. The sealing assembly according to claim 4, wherein, The biasing member is configured as a spring element.

9. The sealing assembly according to claim 8, wherein, The spring element has a helical or U-shaped configuration.

10. The sealing assembly according to claim 5, wherein, The first layer is made of brass, and the second layer is made of steel.

11. The sealing assembly according to claim 4, wherein, The first metal material of the first layer is formed from one of brass, stainless steel, nickel-based alloy low alloy steel, bronze, nickel-manganese steel, nickel, and nickel silver and manganese bronze, and the second metal material of the second layer is formed from one of nickel-iron alloy, alloy 42, Haines 188, Inco nickel, nickel-based alloy, and steel.

12. The sealing assembly according to claim 4, wherein, The first metal material of the first layer is selected from brass, stainless steel, nickel-based alloy low alloy steel, bronze, nickel-manganese steel, nickel, and nickel silver and manganese bronze, and the second metal material of the second layer is selected from nickel-iron alloy, alloy 42, Haines 188, Inco nickel, nickel-based alloy and steel.

13. A method of forming a sealing assembly for use in a fluid regulating device, the sealing assembly being used to form a seal with a movable shaft, the method comprising: A sealing sleeve is provided, the sealing sleeve having a body having a channel formed therein, wherein the channel has opposing sidewall portions, the sealing sleeve being sized and configured for placement within the channel formed in the fluid regulating device. A biasing member is formed, the biasing member being sized and configured for placement in the channel and being formed of at least a first layer and a second layer, wherein the first layer is formed of a first metallic material, and the second layer is formed of a second metallic material different from the first metallic material. The biasing member applies force to the sidewall portion of the channel when installed in the channel.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The first and second layers of the biasing member are fixed together to form a bimetallic biasing member.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising configuring the sealing sleeve to have a base portion sized and dimensioned for placement within a channel of the fluid regulating device.

16. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The first metallic material has a first coefficient of thermal expansion, and the second metallic material has a second coefficient of thermal expansion, wherein the first coefficient of thermal expansion is different from the second coefficient of thermal expansion.

17. The method of claim 15, further comprising forming the biasing member in a helical or U-shaped configuration.

18. The method of claim 16, further comprising forming a first layer of the biasing member made of brass and forming a second layer of the biasing member made of steel.

19. The method of claim 16, further comprising the first metal material forming the first layer from one of brass, stainless steel, nickel-based alloy low alloy steel, bronze, nickel-manganese steel, nickel, and nickel silver and manganese bronze, and the second metal material forming the second layer from one of nickel-iron alloy, Alloy 42, Haines 188, Inco nickel, nickel-based alloy, and steel.

20. The method of claim 16, further comprising the first metal material forming the first layer from a material selected from brass, stainless steel, nickel-based alloys, low-alloy steel, bronze, nickel-manganese steel, nickel, and nickel-silver and manganese bronze, and the second metal material forming the second layer from a material selected from nickel-iron alloys, Alloy 42, Haines 188, Inco nickel, nickel-based alloys, and steel.

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