Facility forcing strawberry multi-year one-planting efficient production method

Abstract

The invention discloses a facility forcing strawberry cultivation multi-year one-planting efficient production method, and relates to the technical field of strawberry planting, and the technical scheme is characterized in that the mode innovation of facility forcing and multi-year one-planting is adopted; plant physiological regulation and control (temperature management and nutrient management), rhizosphere micro-ecological optimization (microbial agent and soil improvement) and water and fertilizer integration technology (nutrient precise and stable regulation and control) are integrated. According to the method, continuous harvesting can be conducted for 2-3 years through one-time field planting, the seedling and labor cost is reduced by 50% or above, meanwhile, by reducing chemical input and improving soil health and fruit quality (the sugar degree, hardness and commodity rate are improved by 20%), facility agriculture is promoted to be transformed into a resource-saving and environment-friendly type, and a systematic solution is provided for sustainable development of the strawberry industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of strawberry cultivation technology, and more specifically, to a method for efficient multi-year production of strawberries using facility-assisted cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Strawberries, with their excellent taste, rich nutrition, and high economic value, have become an important berry-based economic crop globally. Traditional strawberry cultivation often employs a "one-plant-per-year" model, which suffers from problems such as soil (substrate) pathogen accumulation and nutrient imbalance due to continuous cropping obstacles, leading to decreased yield and quality deterioration; high annual repetitive input costs (such as land preparation, seedling purchase, and labor); frequent tillage exacerbates soil (substrate) degradation; reliance on chemical pesticides and fertilizers results in high environmental pollution risks. Although existing technologies attempt to alleviate these problems through crop rotation, soil disinfection, or disease-resistant variety breeding, they are limited by bottlenecks such as land resource consumption, the environmental hazards of chemical fumigation, and the long variety breeding cycle, making sustainable and efficient production difficult to achieve. Therefore, this invention proposes a facility-assisted cultivation method for efficient multi-year single-planting production of strawberries. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a facility-assisted strawberry cultivation method for efficient multi-year production, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a method for efficient multi-year production of strawberries using facility-assisted forced cultivation, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Select seedlings, transplant them onto the substrate, and manage temperature, water and fertilizer, soil diseases and pests.

[0007] The temperature management is as follows: After transplanting: 28-30℃ during the day and 12-15℃ at night; during the flowering period: 25-28℃ during the budding stage, 23-25℃ during the flowering stage and 8-10℃ at night; during the fruit ripening stage: 25-28℃ during the day and 6-8℃ at night.

[0008] Summer management: From May to September, daytime temperatures should be controlled at 28-30℃ and nighttime temperatures at 10-12℃.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the matrix is ​​composed of the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: 60% peat moss, 10% volcanic rock, 10% perlite, 10% vermiculite, 5% maifanite, and 5% earthworm castings.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the set time is mid-September.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that: the water and fertilizer management is as follows: after transplanting: the substrate volume water content is 70%-80%; a balanced N, P, K fertilizer is used to promote seedling growth;

[0012] Flowering period: 6 parts potassium nitrate, 3 parts calcium nitrate, 7 parts ammonium polyphosphate, 1 part magnesium sulfate and 1 part trace elements to promote flowering and fruit setting;

[0013] During the fruiting period: 10 parts potassium nitrate, 6 parts calcium ammonium nitrate, 5 parts ammonium polyphosphate, 3 parts magnesium sulfate, 1 part trace elements, 1 part potassium humate, and 1 part amino acid fertilizer to improve fruit quality.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the trace elements are EDTA-Fe, boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and ammonium molybdate, with a mass ratio of 40:10:3:4:1:1.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that: the soil disease management is: 7 days after the seedlings are transplanted, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, and Trichoderma harzianum are used in combination with water-soluble fertilizer, once every 45-60 days.

[0016] The invention is further configured such that the pest management is as follows: biological agents are used to control aphids, mites, and thrips pests, and predatory mites are placed once every 30-45 days.

[0017] The present invention is further configured to have 5-7 leaves, dark color, thick leaves, seedling height of 25-30cm, single seedling weight of more than 25g, new stem diameter of more than 1cm, and well-developed root system free from diseases and pests.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that the plant spacing of the fixed value is 10-15cm.

[0019] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention focuses on the innovative "facility-driven + multi-year planting" model, integrating plant physiological regulation (temperature management + nutrient management), rhizosphere microecological optimization (microbial agents and soil improvement), and fertigation technology (precise and stable nutrient regulation) to overcome the challenges of controlling plant aging and managing continuous cropping obstacles. Its core advantages lie in the ability to harvest continuously for 2-3 years from a single planting, reducing seedling and labor costs by over 50%. Simultaneously, by reducing chemical inputs and improving soil health and fruit quality (increasing sugar content, firmness, and marketability by 20%), it promotes the transformation of facility agriculture towards resource-saving and environmentally friendly practices, providing a systematic solution for the sustainable development of the strawberry industry. This technology fills the gap in high-efficiency production of facility strawberries over many years, promotes the transformation of facility agriculture towards resource-saving and environmentally friendly practices, aligns with the modern agricultural sustainable development strategy, and has broad market application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This refers to the strawberry growth in December 2023 in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This refers to the strawberry growth situation in July-August 2024 in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This refers to the strawberry growth in May 2025 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the strawberry growth situation in December 2025 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] A facility-assisted method for efficient perennial strawberry production includes the following steps:

[0027] 1. Substrate preparation (July-August):

[0028] It is composed of the following raw materials by mass fraction: 60% peat moss, 10% volcanic rock, 10% perlite, 10% vermiculite, 5% maifanite, and 5% earthworm castings.

[0029] The mixed matrix was steam-fumigated for 2 hours.

[0030] 2. Planting: (Mid-September)

[0031] Seedling selection: Seedlings with 5-7 leaves, dark color, thick leaves, 25-30cm tall, weighing more than 25g per seedling, with new stems more than 1cm thick, and well-developed root system free from diseases and pests.

[0032] Seedling transplanting: Plant spacing should be 10-15cm, and pay attention to directional planting. After transplanting, water all the substrate evenly and thoroughly. For the first 3-5 days, ensure that the substrate moisture content is 70%-80% and provide shade.

[0033] Temperature management: After transplanting: 28-30℃ during the day and 12-15℃ at night. Flowering period temperature: 25-28℃ during the budding stage and 23-25℃ during the flowering stage, with 8-10℃ at night. Ensure good ventilation and reduce indoor humidity during the flowering period. Fruit ripening period: 25-28℃ during the day and 6-8℃ at night.

[0034] (Summer management from May to September: daytime temperature controlled at 28-30℃, nighttime temperature at 10-12℃)

[0035] Water and fertilizer management: After transplanting (September-October): Substrate volumetric water content: 70%-80%; use N, P, K balanced fertilizer to promote seedling growth.

[0036] Flowering period (October-November): Increase the proportion of phosphorus fertilizer [A: 6 parts potassium nitrate, 3 parts calcium nitrate; B: 7 parts ammonium polyphosphate; C: 1 part magnesium sulfate, 1 part trace element (EDTA-Fe: boric acid: manganese sulfate: zinc sulfate: copper sulfate: ammonium molybdate = 40:10:3:4:1:1)] to promote flowering and fruit setting.

[0037] Fruiting period (November to October of the following year): Increase potassium fertilizer content [A: 10 parts potassium nitrate, 6 parts calcium ammonium nitrate; B: 5 parts ammonium polyphosphate; C: 3 parts magnesium sulfate, 1 part trace element (EDTA-Fe: boric acid: manganese sulfate: zinc sulfate: copper sulfate: ammonium molybdate = 40:10:3:4:1:1); D: 1 part potassium humate; E: 1 part amino acid fertilizer] to improve fruit quality.

[0038] Soil disease management: Seven days after transplanting seedlings, use Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma harzianum, etc., in combination with water-soluble fertilizer, once every 45-60 days.

[0039] Pest management: Use biological agents to control pests such as aphids, mites, and thrips, and place predatory mites once every 30-45 days.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] Using the technology of this invention, Miaoxiang No. 7 was planted in the solar greenhouse of the Xinfa Modern Facility Agriculture Industry Research Institute of Shandong Agricultural University on September 20, 2023, and implemented according to the above method.

[0042] During the 27-month observation period, the strawberry plants grew vigorously, with taller plants and larger leaves from June to October; the fruit yield was stable, with an average single fruit weight of over 25g, bright fruit color, stable sugar content and flavor, and a high rate of marketable fruit; and no large-scale pests or diseases occurred throughout the entire observation period.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] Using the technology of this invention, 'Hongyan' was planted in the glass greenhouse of Xinfa Group's agricultural industrial park on August 20, 2023, and implemented according to the above method.

[0045] During the 28-month observation period, the yield of the Hongyan strawberry remained stable, with a marketable fruit rate of over 80%, an average single fruit weight of over 18g, and a soluble solids content of over 12%, indicating high-quality fruit. Furthermore, from June to October each year, the single fruit weight and yield did not decrease significantly, and the fruit exhibited excellent sugar content and flavor. Specific data on strawberry growth and fruiting are shown in Table 1.

[0046] Table 1. Strawberry growing time, fruit quality, and yield

[0047]

[0048] In summary, the facility-assisted strawberry cultivation technology, which promotes high-efficiency production through multiple plantings per year, successfully overcomes the obstacles and high-cost bottlenecks of the traditional one-year planting model by innovatively integrating substrate optimization, precise temperature control, fertigation, and biological control. This technology uses a mixed substrate of peat moss, volcanic rock, and perlite as a base, combined with segmented temperature management and precise fertilization strategies, enabling continuous harvesting for 2-3 years from a single planting. Example studies demonstrate its significant effectiveness: during a 28-month observation period, the strawberry plants exhibited robust growth, stable yields, and a marketable fruit rate exceeding 80%, achieving both improved quality and efficiency.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for efficient perennial strawberry production through facility-assisted forcing cultivation, characterized by: Includes the following steps: Select seedlings, transplant them onto the substrate, and manage temperature, water and fertilizer, soil diseases and pests. The temperature management is as follows: After transplanting: 28-30℃ during the day and 12-15℃ at night; during the flowering period: 25-28℃ during the budding stage, 23-25℃ during the flowering stage and 8-10℃ at night; during the fruit ripening stage: 25-28℃ during the day and 6-8℃ at night. Summer management: From May to September, daytime temperatures should be controlled at 28-30℃ and nighttime temperatures at 10-12℃.

2. The high-efficiency strawberry production method with perennial cultivation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The matrix is ​​composed of the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: 60% peat moss, 10% volcanic rock, 10% perlite, 10% vermiculite, 5% maifanite, and 5% earthworm castings.

3. The high-efficiency strawberry production method with perennial cultivation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The substrate was steam-fumigated for 2 hours.

4. The high-efficiency strawberry production method with perennial cultivation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The set time is mid-September.

5. The high-efficiency strawberry production method with perennial cultivation as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The water and fertilizer management is as follows: After transplanting: substrate volumetric water content: 70%-80%; use N, P, K balanced fertilizer to promote seedling growth; Flowering period: 6 parts potassium nitrate, 3 parts calcium nitrate, 7 parts ammonium polyphosphate, 1 part magnesium sulfate and 1 part trace elements to promote flowering and fruit setting; During the fruiting period: 10 parts potassium nitrate, 6 parts calcium ammonium nitrate, 5 parts ammonium polyphosphate, 3 parts magnesium sulfate, 1 part trace elements, 1 part potassium humate, and 1 part amino acid fertilizer to improve fruit quality.

6. The high-efficiency strawberry production method with perennial cultivation as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The trace elements are EDTA-Fe, boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, and ammonium molybdate, with a mass ratio of 40:10:3:4:1:

1.

7. The high-efficiency strawberry production method with perennial cultivation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The soil disease management is as follows: 7 days after transplanting the seedlings, use Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, and Trichoderma harzianum in combination with water-soluble fertilizer, once every 45-60 days.

8. The high-efficiency strawberry production method with perennial cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pest management measures include: using biological agents to control aphids, mites, and thrips, and placing predatory mites once every 30-45 days.

9. The high-efficiency strawberry production method with perennial cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedlings selected are those with 5-7 leaves, dark color, thick leaves, seedling height of 25-30cm, single seedling weight of more than 25g, new stem diameter of more than 1cm, well-developed root system and free from diseases and pests.

10. The high-efficiency strawberry production method with perennial cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant spacing specified is 10-15cm.

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