Molding process of calabash-shaped fastener, calabash-shaped fastener and application of molding process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal fastener machining, in particular to a gourd-shaped fastener forming process, a gourd-shaped fastener and forming process application, and the process comprises the steps of feeding, punching left and right side flat positions in a radial Y axis, punching left and right side notches in a radial Z axis, punching left side notches in a radial 45-degree axis, and multi-directional punch forming. The calabash-shaped fastener comprises a long rod and a short rod, a small round end and a large round end are arranged at the two ends of the long rod respectively, an opening is formed between the small round end and the large round end, and the short rod is matched in the opening; the forming process is applied to machining and forming of climbing hooks, climbing hooks, safety catches or calabash hooks. By means of the die, one-time precise punching forming of a 45-degree notch in the gourd-shaped fastener can be achieved, angle errors are strictly controlled, the optimal buckling angle of forming of the gourd-shaped fastener is precisely locked, multiple punching, shearing, bending and milling procedures of a traditional technology are omitted, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and material loss and production cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal fastener processing technology, specifically to a gourd-shaped fastener forming process, the gourd-shaped fastener, and the application of the forming process. Background Technology

[0002] Gourd-shaped fasteners are widely used in clothing, bags, mountaineering equipment, and household goods due to their combination of aesthetics and practicality. They are usually made of metal materials such as stainless steel, brass, and aluminum alloy and are formed by machining. The structure of a gourd-shaped fastener typically includes a large arc segment, a small arc segment, and a neck connecting the two. The core user experience of a gourd-shaped fastener relies on the interlocking fit between the buckle and the notch. A 45° angled notch is the only optimal angle design that simultaneously satisfies reliable anti-slip, smooth opening and closing, and durability. Specifically, from the perspective of daily use's mechanical logic and practical experience, if the notch angle is less than 45°, such as 30°, 35°, or 40°, the contact surfaces of the buckle and the notch form an acute angle. Although the anti-slip performance is slightly improved, the opening and closing resistance increases exponentially. Taking a keychain as an example, the opening and closing force of a 40° notch is 25% greater than that of a 45° notch. People over 40 years old or children are prone to finger fatigue after prolonged use. More importantly, the acute angle contact causes stress to concentrate at the tip of the buckle. After thousands of repeated opening and closings, the buckle deformation rate reaches more than 15%, eventually leading to problems such as loosening and difficulty in fastening. If the notch angle is less than 45°, the buckle will be more secure. When the angle is greater than 45°, such as 50°, 55°, or 60°, the contact surface between the buckle and the notch becomes an "obtuse angle contact." Although the opening and closing resistance is reduced, the self-locking performance drops sharply. Taking a bag hook as an example, the anti-slip force of a 50° notch is 40% lower than that of a 45° notch. When the backpack shakes, is squeezed, or is bumped by a key, it is easy to accidentally open, causing items to fall out. A 60° notch completely loses its self-locking ability and can only rely on the friction between the buckle and the notch for fixation, making it almost impossible to guarantee the reliability of the connection during use. Only a 45° notch can achieve full contact between the buckle and the notch, which not only disperses the instantaneous impact force generated by repeated opening and closing but also balances the anti-slip force and opening and closing resistance. In daily use, adults only need 1.5-2N of force to easily open and close the hook. At the same time, under a hanging weight of 5kg, such as when the backpack is full of items, the buckle structure does not loosen or slip, which fully meets the core needs of daily life.

[0003] However, existing technologies cannot accurately achieve one-time forming of a 45° notch: traditional processes require milling with a milling cutter, which not only leads to low production efficiency and high costs, but more importantly, multiple clamping operations can easily cause cumulative angle errors, directly causing the notch to deviate from the optimal 45° value; in addition, the punching and shearing shafts of existing punching and shearing equipment are mostly set horizontally or vertically, which cannot directly achieve radial 45° punching, and can only approximate 45° by means of approximate angle trimming, which increases the number of processing steps. Multiple processing steps lead to low production efficiency, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale mass production, and the additional trimming steps increase processing costs and material waste.

[0004] Therefore, developing a gourd-shaped fastener processing technology capable of punching out a 45° notch in one go has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a forming process for a gourd-shaped fastener, a gourd-shaped fastener and the application of the forming process, so as to solve the problem that the prior art cannot accurately achieve one-time forming of the 45° notch on the gourd-shaped fastener.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a forming process for a gourd-shaped fastener, the process comprising the following steps: Step 1, feeding: Select metal rods as raw materials, and feed the metal rods to the required length through the feeding device to form four straight sections of billet with ends connected. Step 2: Radial Y-axis positioning of left and right flat parts: Position and fix the blank after punching in the special punching die, and set the flat part punches on the left and right sides of the blank along the radial Y-axis to position the blanks to form the flat part structure of the preset specifications. Step 3: Radial Z-axis positioning of left and right side notches: Keep the blank stable in position, set the side notch punches along the Z-axis direction of the radial Z-axis punching and shearing die and position them on the left and right sides of the blank, and pre-position the positions for punching and shearing to form the basic side notch structure; Step 4: Radial 45° axial punching and shearing of the 45° notch on the left end and multi-directional punching: Use a special 45° notch punching and shearing die. The axis of the 45° punch of the special punching and shearing die is set at a 45° radial angle to the design plane of the left notch on the semi-finished product. Start the machine and drive the flat punch, the side notch punch, and the 45° punch to punch in one go along the radial 45° axis direction, forming a flat structure of the preset specifications, left and right side notches, and a 45° inclined notch on the blank in one go. Step 5, Multi-directional bending and forming: The workpiece that has completed the punching process is directly placed in the multi-directional forming mold. Through the synchronous action of the multi-directional punches, the workpiece is bent to the left to form a large circle and to the right to form a small circle, thus obtaining the gourd-shaped fastener.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the processes of steps one, two, and three, 0.5-1mm of connecting material is reserved in the flat structure punching area, the basic side notch structure punching area, and the 45° notch punching area of ​​the billet.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step four, the 45° inclined punch is used to punch and shear a 45° inclined notch in one go along the radial 45° axis direction. The precision control logic adopts multi-factor quantitative modeling and real-time compensation calibration to focus on five major influencing factors: comprehensive deviation of positioning system, dynamic deviation of punch angle, elastic rebound of material, fluctuation of punching and shearing pressure, and fluctuation of punching speed.

[0009] This invention provides a gourd-shaped fastener, manufactured using the same forming process. The gourd-shaped fastener includes a long rod and a short rod. One end of the long rod has a small round end, and the other end has a large round end. An opening exists between the small and large round ends, and the short rod fits into the opening. The end of the small round end has a hinge seat, and the area near the end of the large round end has a 45° oblique notch. One end of the short rod has a groove, which is hinged to the hinge seat by a pin. The other end of the short rod has a 45° inverted buckle, which engages with the 45° oblique notch.

[0010] This invention provides a molding process for gourd-shaped fasteners, which is applied to the processing and molding of carabiners, carabiner hooks, safety buckles, or gourd hooks.

[0011] As described above, the forming process of the gourd-shaped fastener, the gourd-shaped fastener, and the application of the forming process of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: This invention, through the design of a dedicated 45° radial punching and shearing die, enables one-time punching and forming of a 45° notch, abandoning the traditional multi-process processing mode. This not only shortens the processing cycle of a single gourd-shaped fastener and effectively improves production efficiency, but also avoids the cumulative errors caused by multiple clamping operations. Combining multi-factor quantitative modeling and real-time compensation calibration precision control logic, this invention, in conjunction with the dedicated 45° radial punching and shearing die, can strictly control the notch angle error within an extremely small range, precisely matching the optimal 45° fastening angle. In daily use, it avoids the problems of difficult opening and closing and easy deformation of undercuts associated with notches smaller than 45°, while also solving the problem of preventing detachment with notches larger than 45°. Addressing the pain points of accidental opening and closing, this fastener ensures smooth operation and secure fastening even after repeated opening and closing over a long period, perfectly adapting to the needs of everyday use such as clothing, bags, and keychains. The precise 45° notch and 45° inverted buckle form a complete surface contact, dispersing the impact and friction forces during daily use. Compared to fasteners with angular deviations, this reduces the wear rate at the notch edge and the deformation rate of the inverted buckle. During daily hanging of heavy objects and repeated opening and closing, there will be no cracking of the notch or breakage of the inverted buckle, significantly improving the uniformity of stress distribution and self-locking performance of the fastening structure. In dynamic stress scenarios such as mountaineering and industrial insurance, it can effectively disperse stress, prevent slippage and breakage, and enhance the safety redundancy of the final product. The one-time punching process eliminates the need for grinding and finishing, reduces material loss, avoids the cumulative error of angles from multiple clamping operations, improves the consistency of fastener precision forming in mass production, avoids partial sharpness and partial bluntness, reduces the defect rate, and further reduces production costs. The multi-factor collaborative control model reduces equipment debugging time and energy consumption, reduces energy consumption per piece, and has both economic value and environmental benefits.

[0012] This invention also focuses on five core influencing factors in the forming process: comprehensive deviation of the positioning system, dynamic deviation of the punch angle, elastic springback of the material, fluctuation of punching and shearing pressure, and fluctuation of punching speed. Through scientific weight allocation, a multi-factor fusion precision control model is established. Combined with positioning deviation compensation algorithms, dynamic punch angle calibration algorithms, and material springback compensation formulas, closed-loop error control is achieved. This model can cope with complex interferences such as mold thermal deformation, equipment spindle movement, and batch material differences. Even in long-term mass production, it can maintain stable processing accuracy, extend mold life, and reduce production costs. The process, through differentiated settings of material correction coefficients and elastic modulus parameters, is compatible with various metal materials such as brass, aluminum alloy, and stainless steel. Furthermore, this process is not only applicable to conventional products such as carabiners and safety buckles, but can also be extended to high-value-added scenarios such as lightweight aerospace connectors, precision instrument fasteners, and security equipment locking components, significantly broadening the scope of industrial applications. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1The diagram shows the forming structure of the gourd-shaped fastener disclosed in this invention.

[0014] Figure 2 The image shown is a front view of the molding structure of the gourd-shaped fastener disclosed in this invention.

[0015] Figure 3 The diagram shows the snap-fit ​​state of the gourd-shaped fastener disclosed in this invention.

[0016] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the gourd-shaped fastener disclosed in this invention in its non-engaged state.

[0017] Component designation explanation Long rod 1; Short rod 2; Groove 21; 45° inverted buckle 22; Small round end 3; Hinge seat 31; Large round end 4; 45° oblique notch 41; Opening 5. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0019] Please see Figures 1 to 4 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, provided they do not affect the effectiveness or purpose of the invention, should fall within the scope of the disclosed technical content. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0020] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-2 This embodiment provides a forming process for a gourd-shaped fastener, the process including the following steps: Step 1, Feeding: Select metal rods as raw materials and feed them to the required length using a feeding device to form four straight blanks with connected ends; this facilitates simultaneous punching, bending and forming at each station in subsequent steps; the metal rods are made of brass, aluminum alloy or stainless steel, and the blanks need to be cleaned before cutting to remove oxide scale, oil and impurities. Step 2: Radial Y-axis positioning of left and right flat parts: Position and fix the blank after punching in the special punching die, and set the flat part punches on the left and right sides of the blank along the radial Y-axis to position the blanks to form the flat part structure of the preset specifications. Step 3: Radial Z-axis positioning of left and right side notches: To ensure stable positioning of the billet, the radial Z-axis punching and shearing die is positioned with side notch punches along the Z-axis direction on the left and right sides of the billet, pre-positioning the positions for forming the basic side notch structure; and a 0.5-1mm end-to-end connection section is reserved on the metal bar to facilitate the material being fed to the next process with the ends connected; the Z-axis punch pressure during the punching and shearing process is controlled at 8-15T, and the punching speed is controlled at 50-100mm / s; the Z-axis punch adopts a multi-stage stepped structure design; Step 4: Radial 45° axial punching and shearing of the 45° notch on the left end and multi-directional punching: Use a dedicated 45° notch punching die. The axis of the 45° punch of the dedicated punching die is set at a 45° radial angle to the design plane of the left notch on the semi-finished product. Start the machine and simultaneously drive the flat punch, the side notch punch, and the 45° punch to punch in one go along the radial 45° axis direction, forming a flat structure of the preset specifications, left and right side notches, and a 45° inclined notch on the blank in one go. Specifically, the dedicated punching die includes at least a positioning block, a 45° inclined guide sleeve, and a 45° inclined punch. The positioning block has a positioning groove that matches the gourd-shaped fastener semi-finished product. The axis of the 45° inclined guide sleeve is set at a 45° angle to the processing surface of the left notch on the semi-finished product in the positioning groove. The 45° inclined punch slides in fit with the 45° inclined guide sleeve, and the cutting edge shape of the 45° inclined punch matches the design shape of the left 45° notch. Step 5, Multi-directional bending and forming: The workpiece with the notch processed is directly placed in the multi-directional forming mold. Through the synchronous action of the multi-directional punches, the workpiece is bent to the left to form a large circle and to the right to form a small circle, thus obtaining the gourd-shaped fastener.

[0021] This invention reserves 0.5-1mm of connecting material on the workpiece in each process, eliminating the need to use clamps to feed the material in each process, and directly and accurately positioning the wire in each process.

[0022] This invention, through the design of a special 45° radial punching and shearing die, can achieve one-time punching and forming of a 45° notch, abandoning the traditional multi-process processing mode. This not only shortens the processing cycle of a single gourd-shaped fastener and effectively improves production efficiency, but also avoids the cumulative error caused by multiple clamping.

[0023] In step four, the 45° inclined punch, which punches a 45° inclined notch in one go along the radial 45° axis, employs a precision control logic based on multi-factor quantitative modeling and real-time compensation calibration. This logic focuses on five major influencing factors: comprehensive deviation of the positioning system, dynamic deviation of the punch angle, elastic rebound of the material, fluctuation of punching pressure, and fluctuation of punching speed. The error is controlled in a closed loop by allocating the factors according to preset weights, ensuring that the notch angle error is ≤ ±0.1° and the notch size tolerance is ≤ ±0.05mm.

[0024] The weighting of the five influencing factors is as follows: overall positioning system deviation (40%), dynamic punch angle deviation (25%), material elastic rebound (20%), punching and shearing pressure fluctuation (10%), and punching speed fluctuation (5%). The overall positioning system deviation is the combined value of the gap deviation between the positioning groove and the semi-finished product, the installation angle deviation of the 45° inclined guide sleeve, and the offset of the blank center. The dynamic punch angle deviation includes the angle offset caused by mold thermal deformation and equipment spindle movement. The material elastic rebound is directly related to the blank material, thickness, and punching and shearing pressure. This invention focuses on five core influencing factors in the forming process: overall positioning system deviation, dynamic punch angle deviation, material elastic rebound, punching and shearing pressure fluctuation, and punching speed fluctuation. Through scientific... The weight allocation establishes a multi-factor fusion precision control model, which, combined with positioning deviation compensation algorithm, punch angle dynamic calibration algorithm, and material springback compensation formula, achieves closed-loop error control. This model can cope with complex interferences such as mold thermal deformation, equipment spindle movement, and material batch differences. Even in long-term mass production, it can maintain stable processing accuracy, extend mold life, and reduce production costs. The process is compatible with various metal materials such as brass, aluminum alloy, and stainless steel through differentiated settings of material correction coefficients and elastic modulus parameters. In addition, this process is not only applicable to conventional products such as carabiners and safety buckles, but can also be extended to high-value-added scenarios such as lightweight aerospace connectors, precision instrument fasteners, and security equipment locking components, significantly broadening the scope of industrial applications.

[0025] The accuracy control logic includes a comprehensive deviation compensation algorithm for the positioning system, which is specifically as follows: Positioning deviation ΔL=(ΔL1) 2 +ΔL2 2 +ΔL3 2 )×K L Where ΔL1 is the gap deviation between the positioning groove and the semi-finished product, and ΔL2 is the linear deviation converted from the guide sleeve installation angle deviation, ΔL2=H×tanΔα 套 H is the height of the guide sleeve, Δα 套 ΔL3 is the guide sleeve installation angle deviation; K is the blank center offset deviation. LThe positioning compensation coefficient is set to 1.05 in this embodiment. The angle compensation amount Δα is calculated based on the overall positioning deviation. L =arctan(ΔL / L 冲剪 ), L 冲剪 This is the effective punching and shearing length of the punch.

[0026] The precision control logic includes a dynamic calibration algorithm for the punch angle, which is specifically as follows: Real-time angle α of punch 实际 =α 设定 +Δα 热 +Δα 机械 , where α 设定 It is 45°, or π / 4 rad, Δα 热 Δα is the angular deviation caused by thermal deformation of the mold. 热 =α0×ΔT, where α0 is the coefficient of thermal expansion of the die material, and ΔT is the temperature difference of the die before and after punching and shearing; Δα 机械 The angular deviation is caused by the spindle movement of the equipment; the punch angle compensation amount Δα 补偿 =45°-α 实际 And |Δα_compensation|≤0.05°.

[0027] The precision control logic includes a material elastic rebound compensation formula, which is specifically as follows: Rebound angle Δθ=K 材料 ×(P×t) / (E×τ s )×10 -3 K 材料 τ is the material correction factor, which is known data and can be obtained from a table. Specifically, it is 0.85 for brass, 1.12 for aluminum alloy, 1.35 for stainless steel, etc. P is the actual punching and shearing pressure, t is the billet thickness, E is the material's elastic modulus, which is also known data and can be obtained from a table. Specifically, it is 105 GPa for brass, 70 GPa for aluminum alloy, 206 GPa for stainless steel, etc. s The shear yield strength of the material is given, and can be obtained from a table. Specifically, it is 60 MPa for brass, 80 MPa for aluminum alloy, and 180 MPa for stainless steel. The punching / shear angle correction value α is also given. 修正 =45°+Δθ, used to offset the effect of elastic rebound; when the calculated Δθ>0.3°, the punching and shearing pressure P needs to be increased by 3%-8% simultaneously. Specifically, for every 0.1° increase in Δθ, P is increased by 2%-3% to ensure that even under extreme material or thickness conditions, the 45° notch angle error can still meet the accuracy requirement of ≤±0.1° after rebound compensation. This is to more comprehensively offset the effect of elastic rebound under different materials, thicknesses, temperatures and mold conditions, and to ensure the fastening accuracy and consistency of fasteners in daily application scenarios.

[0028] When the ambient temperature of the punching and shearing process deviates from room temperature by 25°C, E needs to be corrected to E. T =E×[1-0.0001×(T-25)], where T is the actual punching and shearing environment temperature, adapting to workshop temperature fluctuation scenarios; τ s The shear yield strength of the material is expressed in MPa, with a temperature correction rule of τ. s T=τ s ×[1-0.0002×(T-25)], to ensure accurate values ​​of the material's yield strength at different temperatures.

[0029] Δθ=K 材料 ×K 刃口 ×(P×t) / (E×τ s )×10 -3 K 刃口 This is the correction coefficient for the die cutting edge radius. It is set to 1.0 when the die cutting edge radius r = 0.05-0.1mm, 0.95 when r = 0.1-0.2mm, and 0.90 when r = 0.2-0.3mm. This corrects the influence of the cutting edge shape on the material shear stress distribution, thereby improving the springback compensation accuracy.

[0030] The precision control logic includes a multi-factor fusion precision control model, which is specifically as follows: Final notch angle error Δα 总 =(Δα L ×W1) 2 +(Δα 冲头 ×W2) 2 +(Δθ×W3) 2 +(Δα P ×W4) 2 +(Δα v ×W5) 2 , where Δα 冲头 Δα represents the dynamic deviation of the punch angle. P Δα is the angle error caused by pressure fluctuations. P =0.0001×|ΔP| / P 设定 ,Δα v Δα is the angle error caused by velocity fluctuation. v =0.00005×|Δv| / v 设定 W1-W5 correspond to the weighting coefficients of the five major influencing factors, namely W1=0.4, W2=0.25, W3=0.2, W4=0.1, and W5=0.05; the accuracy qualification criterion is |Δα 总 |≤0.0017rad, i.e. 0.1° and |actual size of the notch - design size|≤0.05mm.

[0031] This invention combines multi-factor quantitative modeling with real-time compensation calibration precision control logic. Through this multi-factor precision control logic and a dedicated 45° radial punching and shearing die, it can strictly control the notch angle error within an extremely small range, precisely matching the optimal 45° fastening angle. In daily use, it avoids the problems of difficult opening and closing and easy deformation of notches smaller than 45°, while also solving the pain points of anti-detachment failure and accidental opening caused by notches larger than 45°. This ensures that the fastener maintains its core performance of smooth opening and closing and firm fastening even after long-term repeated opening and closing, making it perfectly compatible with clothing. The fastener meets the needs of everyday use, such as in bags, keychains, and other similar products. The precise 45° notch and 45° inverted buckle create complete surface contact, dispersing the impact and friction forces during daily use. Compared to fasteners with angular deviations, this reduces the wear rate at the notch edge and the deformation rate of the inverted buckle. During daily hanging of heavy objects and repeated opening and closing, there will be no cracking of the notch or breakage of the inverted buckle, significantly improving the uniformity of stress distribution and self-locking performance of the fastening structure. In dynamic stress scenarios such as mountaineering and industrial insurance, it can effectively disperse stress, prevent slippage and breakage, and enhance the safety redundancy of the final product. The one-time punching process eliminates the need for additional grinding and finishing processes, reducing material loss and avoiding the accumulation of angle errors from multiple clamping operations. This improves the consistency of fastener precision forming in mass production, preventing some parts from being too sharp and others too blunt, reducing the defect rate, and further lowering production costs. The multi-factor collaborative control model reduces equipment debugging time and energy consumption, lowering the energy consumption per piece, combining economic value with environmental benefits.

[0032] Example 2, please refer to Figures 3-4 This embodiment provides a gourd-shaped fastener, manufactured using the forming process of the gourd-shaped fastener described in Embodiment 1. The gourd-shaped fastener includes a long rod 1 and a short rod 2. One end of the long rod 1 has a small round end 3, and the other end has a large round end 4. An opening 5 exists between the small round end 3 and the large round end 4, and the short rod 2 fits into the opening 5. The end of the small round end 3 has a hinge seat 31, and the area near the end of the large round end 4 has a 45° oblique notch 41. One end of the short rod 2 has a groove 21, which is hinged to the hinge seat by a pin. 31; the other end of the short rod 2 is provided with a 45° inverted buckle 22, which is fastened to the 45° oblique notch 41; the gourd-shaped fastener is manufactured based on the forming process of the gourd-shaped fastener described in Example 1. The 45° oblique notch and the 45° inverted buckle of the gourd-shaped fastener are precisely fastened to form a stable surface contact, which not only disperses the force and avoids deformation and breakage, but also ensures that the fastening is firm and the opening and closing is smooth; the structural design of this embodiment is suitable for daily life, mountaineering, insurance and other scenarios, with high precision and excellent assemblability, and significantly improved durability and practicality.

[0033] Example 3 provides an application of the forming process of the gourd-shaped fastener described in Example 1. This forming process is applied to the processing and forming of carabiners, carabiner hooks, safety buckles, or gourd hooks. This invention breaks through the technical bottleneck of existing 45° notch processing, and solves the industry pain points of multiple processes, low precision, and high loss. Its core innovative radial 45° punching structure and multi-factor precision control logic can provide technical reference for the processing of similar metal fasteners, such as hooks and locking parts with specific angle notches, promoting the development of the metal fastener processing field towards high precision, high efficiency, and low loss, and has significant industrial demonstration effect and broad application prospects.

[0034] In summary, the gourd-shaped fastener forming process of this invention, through a dedicated 45° radial punching and shearing die and real-time compensation calibration logic based on multi-factor quantitative modeling, enables precise one-time punching and forming of the 45° notch on the gourd-shaped fastener. It strictly controls angle errors, accurately locks the optimal fastening angle for the gourd-shaped fastener, and ensures a perfect surface contact between the 45° inverted buckle and the notch. This not only disperses the stress from repeated opening and closing, preventing deformation and breakage, but also balances reliability against detachment with ease of operation. Simultaneously, it eliminates the multiple punching, shearing, and grinding processes of traditional processes, significantly improving production efficiency, reducing material waste and production costs. It is compatible with mainstream metal materials and commonly used sheet thicknesses, ensuring strong consistency in mass production. It perfectly meets the core usage requirements of clothing, bags, keychains, and other everyday applications for fasteners that are sturdy, durable, and easy to open and close, demonstrating significant practical value and industrial application advantages. Therefore, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of existing technologies and has high industrial utilization value.

[0035] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forming process for a gourd-shaped fastener, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: Step 1, feeding: Select metal rods as raw materials, and feed the metal rods to the required length through the feeding device to form four straight sections of billet with ends connected. Step 2: Radial Y-axis positioning of left and right flat parts: Position and fix the blank after punching in the special punching die, and set the flat part punches on the left and right sides of the blank along the radial Y-axis to position the blanks to form the flat part structure of the preset specifications. Step 3: Radial Z-axis positioning of left and right side notches: Keep the blank stable in position, set the side notch punches along the Z-axis direction of the radial Z-axis punching and shearing die and position them on the left and right sides of the blank, and pre-position the positions for punching and shearing to form the basic side notch structure; Step 4: Radial 45° axial punching and shearing of the 45° notch on the left end and multi-directional punching: Use a special 45° notch punching and shearing die. The axis of the 45° punch of the special punching and shearing die is set at a 45° radial angle to the design plane of the left notch on the semi-finished product. Start the machine and drive the flat punch, the side notch punch, and the 45° punch to punch in one go along the radial 45° axis direction, forming a flat structure of the preset specifications, left and right side notches, and a 45° inclined notch on the blank in one go. Step 5, Multi-directional bending and forming: The workpiece that has completed the punching process is directly placed in the multi-directional forming mold. Through the synchronous action of the multi-directional punches, the workpiece is bent to the left to form a large circle and to the right to form a small circle, thus obtaining the gourd-shaped fastener.

2. The forming process of the gourd-shaped fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps one, two, and three, 0.5-1mm of connecting material is reserved in the flat structure punching area, the basic side notch structure punching area, and the 45° notch punching area of ​​the billet.

3. The forming process of the gourd-shaped fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the 45° inclined punching process, which forms a 45° inclined notch in one punch along the radial 45° axis, adopts a precision control logic of multi-factor quantitative modeling and real-time compensation calibration, focusing on five major influencing factors: comprehensive deviation of the positioning system, dynamic deviation of the punch angle, elastic rebound of the material, fluctuation of punching pressure, and fluctuation of punching speed.

4. A gourd-shaped fastener, characterized in that: The gourd-shaped fastener is manufactured using the forming process described in any one of claims 1-3. The gourd-shaped fastener includes a long rod (1) and a short rod (2). One end of the long rod (1) is provided with a small round end (3) and the other end is provided with a large round end (4). There is an opening (5) between the small round end (3) and the large round end (4). The short rod (2) fits into the opening (5). The end of the small round end (3) is provided with a hinge seat (31). The area near the end of the large round end (4) is provided with a 45° oblique notch (41). One end of the short rod (2) is provided with a groove (21). The groove (21) is hinged to the hinge seat (31) by a pin. The other end of the short rod (2) is provided with a 45° inverted buckle (22). The 45° inverted buckle (22) and the 45° oblique notch (41) are fastened together.

5. An application of a forming process for a gourd-shaped fastener as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: This molding process is applied to the processing and molding of carabiners, carabiners, safety buckles, or gourd hooks.

Images