Water stopping device of tubular pile cofferdam and water stopping method of water stopping device

Abstract

The invention discloses a water stopping device of a tubular pile cofferdam and a water stopping method of the water stopping device, the water stopping device is composed of two parts, namely a lock catch and a capsule, and two primary pipes and secondary pipes with different opening directions are welded with the primary pipes into a whole to form a steel pipe pile unit; a plurality of steel pipe pile units form lock catches through adjacent mother pipes and son pipes in a bell and spigot joint mode and are connected into an end-to-end cofferdam structure, then capsules are placed in the lock catches, air pressure is applied to enable the capsules to expand after the capsules are filled with water, water stopping and leaking stoppage are conducted through a method that the interior of the lock catches is sealed, and the water stopping problem of the pipe pile cofferdam is thoroughly solved. The steel pipe pile units are symmetrically inserted and driven from the middle to the two ends in the water flow direction, are folded from the two ends to the middle in the direction perpendicular to the water flow direction, and are synchronously inserted and driven by the three steel pipe piles on the two sides of the ending type unit in the folding process, so that the accumulated deviation in the construction process can be effectively reduced, and the folding difficulty of the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction, and in particular to a water-stopping device and method for a pipe pile cofferdam. Background Technology

[0002] In deep-water foundation construction of bridges, pipe pile cofferdams are widely used due to their advantages of high strength, good rigidity, strong adaptability, and reusability, providing excellent water-stopping and soil-retaining functions. Commonly used pipe pile cofferdams include various locking types such as CO, CT, and Larssen. The CO type locking system consists of C-shaped steel pipes and seamless steel pipes. Utilizing the small gap between the two layers of steel pipes within the locking system, the inner and outer layers are tightly fitted together under stress to achieve a water-stopping effect. This type of locking system has a small gap between the two layers of steel pipes, eliminating the need for water-stopping materials, but it experiences greater resistance during insertion and requires precise positioning. The CT type locking system consists of C-shaped steel pipes and I-beams, and... Water-stopping material is filled into the cavity of the C-shaped steel pipe to achieve the purpose of water-stopping. However, the water-stopping material cannot be reused, resulting in high cost, low efficiency, and difficulty in controlling the mixing ratio. If the strength is too high, the lock will freeze and become difficult to remove; if the strength is too low, it will be easily washed away by water and cause loss. The Larssen lock adopts the locking principle of Larssen steel sheet piles. A steel Larssen lock strip is welded on each side of the pipe pile. Two adjacent Larssen lock strips are locked together to form the lock of the pipe pile. This lock structure is simple and easy to insert, but the lock is not sealed and is prone to leakage. Although each lock type has its own advantages, they all have the disadvantages of poor water-stopping effect and low water-stopping efficiency in practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The first objective of this invention is to provide a water-stopping device for a pipe pile cofferdam. This device consists of multiple steel pipe pile units connected by interlocking joints formed by adjacent mother pipes and daughter pipes. The piles are densely arranged in a designed shape and inserted into the foundation in an end-to-end manner to form a closed working area. After welding horizontal supports within the working area, a pipe pile cofferdam is formed.

[0004] The second objective of this invention is to provide a water-stopping method for a pipe pile cofferdam that is easy to operate, low in cost, and quick to stop water leakage, thereby improving construction efficiency and achieving the best water-stopping effect. This water-stopping method involves placing a capsule inside the locking buckle after the cofferdam is completed, filling the capsule with water, and applying air pressure to make the capsule expand, thereby sealing the inside of the locking buckle and achieving the effect of stopping water leakage. Only after all the capsules have expanded can the pumping operation begin inside the cofferdam.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A water-stopping device for a pipe pile cofferdam, wherein the pipe pile cofferdam is formed by multiple steel pipe pile units connected end-to-end and inserted into the foundation to enclose a closed working area, and a water-retaining structure is formed by welding horizontal supports within the working area. The device is characterized by comprising two parts: a locking mechanism and a capsule, with the capsule inserted into the locking mechanism; wherein: The steel pipe pile unit includes a first-piece unit, a general-purpose unit, and a final-piece unit. The first-piece unit consists of a circular parent pipe, two C-shaped mother pipes, and four inclined support plates. The two mother pipes are symmetrically positioned on the outer walls of the parent pipe at both ends, with the groove of each mother pipe facing outwards. Each mother pipe is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer wall of the parent pipe by two inclined support plates. The general-purpose unit consists of a circular parent pipe, a C-shaped mother pipe, a semi-circular daughter pipe, a hanger socket, two round steel bars, and two inclined support plates. The mother pipe and daughter pipe are symmetrically positioned on the outer walls of the parent pipe at both ends. The mother pipe's groove and the daughter pipe's opening face outwards. The mother pipe is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer wall of the father pipe by two oblique support plates. The daughter pipe is symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the father pipe by two round steel bars. The hanger socket is fixed to the inner wall of the father pipe and corresponds to the position of one daughter pipe. The tail-type unit is composed of two daughter pipes, two hanger sockets, and four round steel bars. The two daughter pipes are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the left and right ends of the father pipe, with the openings of the daughter pipes facing outwards. Each daughter pipe is symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the father pipe by two round steel bars. The two hanger sockets are fixed to the inner wall of the father pipe and correspond to the position of one daughter pipe. Two adjacent steel pipe pile units are connected by a locking mechanism, which is formed by connecting the main pipe and the daughter pipe of the adjacent steel pipe pile unit in a socket manner.

[0006] Furthermore, the capsule is an electric capsule, which consists of a solenoid valve, capsule body, water inlet valve, air inlet valve, hook buckle, cable buckle and cable; the solenoid valve is normally closed and is installed at the lower end of the capsule body, the water inlet valve, air inlet valve and hook buckle are installed at the upper end of the capsule body, and the water inlet valve and air inlet valve are located on both sides of the hook buckle; a cable buckle for fixing the cable is set every 1m along the length direction on the outer side of the capsule body.

[0007] Furthermore, the capsule is a mechanical capsule, which consists of a capsule body, a steel wire hose, a water inlet valve, an air inlet valve, and a hook buckle. The water inlet valve, air inlet valve, and hook buckle are installed at the upper end of the capsule body, with the water inlet valve and air inlet valve located on either side of the hook buckle. The steel wire hose is placed inside the capsule body, with the upper end of the steel wire hose limited by a T-shaped cap to prevent the entire steel wire hose from falling into the capsule body. The lower end of the steel wire hose is 100mm away from the bottom of the capsule body. The T-shaped cap is made of steel and is a T-shaped tubular structure with a brim. Anti-slip teeth are provided on the outer wall of the T-shaped cap. The body of the T-shaped cap is inserted into the upper end of the steel wire hose and is firmly glued on.

[0008] Furthermore, the steel pipe pile unit also includes a corner unit, which is composed of a circular parent pipe, a C-shaped mother pipe, a semi-circular daughter pipe, a hanger socket, two round steel bars, and two inclined support plates. The mother pipe and daughter pipe are vertically set on the outer side wall of the right end and rear end of the parent pipe. The groove of the mother pipe and the opening of the daughter pipe face outward. The mother pipe is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer side wall of the parent pipe by two inclined support plates. The daughter pipe is symmetrically fixed to the outer side wall of the parent pipe by two round steel bars. The hanger socket is fixed to the inner side wall of the parent pipe and corresponds to the position of one daughter pipe.

[0009] The second objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A water-stopping method using a pipe pile cofferdam water-stopping device, the specific steps of which are as follows: A. A pipe pile cofferdam is a water-retaining structure formed by interlocking multiple steel pipe pile units connected end-to-end in a designed planar shape and inserted into the foundation to form a closed working area. Horizontal supports are welded within the working area. The planar shape of a pipe pile cofferdam is typically rectangular or circular. Among them: The steel pipe pile units for rectangular pipe pile cofferdams come in four forms: first-piece type, general-purpose type, corner type, and closing type; the steel pipe pile units for circular pipe pile cofferdams come in three forms: first-piece type, general-purpose type, and closing type. Adjacent steel pipe pile units are connected by interlocking buckles, which are formed by connecting the main pipe and the daughter pipe of the adjacent steel pipe pile units in a socket manner. The water-stopping device consists of two parts: the interlocking buckle and the capsule. B. After driving the first steel pipe pile unit at the middle of one rectangular side of the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam in the direction of water flow, drive general-purpose steel pipe pile units on both sides of the first steel pipe pile unit towards both ends until the corner of the first rectangular side is changed to the corner steel pipe pile unit, thus completing the first side of the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam in the direction of water flow; then complete the second parallel side in the same way; the third side perpendicular to the direction of water flow is the upper water side, which is closed from both ends towards the middle. First, connect the general-purpose steel pipe pile unit with the corner steel pipe pile unit, then extend symmetrically towards the middle in sequence, and finally close it with the tail steel pipe pile unit to complete the third side of the upper water side; complete the fourth side of the lower water side in the same way, and the task of driving steel pipe pile units for the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam is completed; The circular pipe pile cofferdam is also constructed using the symmetrical driving method, but there is no need to use corner steel pipe pile units; C. After the cofferdam is completed, horizontal supports are installed in the closed working area enclosed by the cofferdam to fix the position of the steel pipe pile units.

[0010] D. Place the capsule inside the lock and suspend it on the boom; capsules are classified into two types according to their drainage method: electric capsules and mechanical capsules; E. Both the electric and mechanical capsules are filled with clean water through the inlet valve. When the water level inside the capsule is more than 1m higher than the outside water level, the filling can be stopped. At this time, the capsule body will automatically fill the lock under the action of internal water pressure, thereby cutting off the water flow in the lock and playing a water-stopping role. Then, the air inlet valve is used to pump in a low air pressure of not less than 0.01MPa to enhance the water-stopping effect. F. After the cofferdam is used, first open the air inlet valve of the capsule to balance the internal and external air pressure of the capsule, then drain the water from the capsule. After the drainage is completed, lift the capsule and store it for later use.

[0011] G. Dismantle the cofferdam in the reverse construction sequence of each steel pipe pile unit.

[0012] Furthermore, in step A, the steel pipe pile unit has four forms: first-piece type unit, general type unit, corner type unit, and finishing type unit; The first-piece unit consists of a circular parent tube, two C-shaped mother tubes, and four oblique support plates. The two mother tubes are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the left and right ends of the parent tube, with the slots of each mother tube facing outwards. Each mother tube is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer wall of the parent tube by two oblique support plates. The general-purpose unit consists of a circular parent tube, a C-shaped mother tube, a semi-circular daughter tube, a hanging rod socket, two round steel bars, and two oblique support plates. The mother tubes and daughter tubes are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the left and right ends of the parent tube, with the slots of the mother tubes and the openings of the daughter tubes facing outwards. The mother tubes are symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer wall of the parent tube by two oblique support plates. The daughter tubes are symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the parent tube by two round steel bars. The hanging rod socket is fixed to the inner wall of the parent tube and corresponds to the position of one daughter tube. The corner unit consists of a circular... The first type of unit consists of a parent pipe, a C-shaped mother pipe, a semi-circular daughter pipe, a hanging rod socket, two round steel bars, and two inclined support plates. The mother pipe and daughter pipe are vertically installed on the outer side walls of the right and rear ends of the parent pipe. The groove of the mother pipe and the opening of the daughter pipe face outwards. The mother pipe is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer side wall of the parent pipe by two inclined support plates. The daughter pipe is symmetrically fixed to the outer side wall of the parent pipe by two round steel bars. The hanging rod socket is fixed to the inner side wall of the parent pipe and corresponds to the position of one daughter pipe. The second type of unit consists of a circular parent pipe, two daughter pipes, two hanging rod sockets, and four round steel bars. The two daughter pipes are symmetrically installed on the outer side walls of the left and right ends of the parent pipe. The opening of the daughter pipe faces outwards. Each daughter pipe is symmetrically fixed to the outer side wall of the parent pipe by two round steel bars. The two hanging rod sockets are fixed to the inner side wall of the parent pipe and correspond to the position of one daughter pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, in step A, the parent pipe is the main load-bearing component of the steel pipe pile unit, and it is made of spiral steel pipe. The diameter and thickness of the parent pipe are larger than those of the daughter pipe and the mother pipe. The daughter pipe is a steel pipe with a semi-circular cross-section. The mother pipe has a vertical groove cut along its length on the outside of the small steel pipe. The bottom of the mother pipe is sealed with a steel plate welded to form an oblique bottom. The inner diameter of the mother pipe is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the daughter pipe, and the difference does not exceed 4mm. To ensure no leakage, the welds between the mother pipe, the daughter pipe and the parent pipe are all double-sided continuous welds. The top surfaces of the mother pipe, the parent pipe and the daughter pipe are flush. The bottom of the daughter pipe and the mother pipe is higher than the bottom of the parent pipe. The height difference is determined according to the foundation conditions of the cofferdam location. However, when the foundation of the cofferdam location is hard and the steel pipe pile unit cannot be directly driven into the foundation, and the method of drilling first and then planting piles is required to build the cofferdam, the bottoms of the mother pipe, the parent pipe and the daughter pipe are flush.

[0014] Furthermore, in step B, after the first pre-built unit is driven into the foundation, the sub-tube of the second general-purpose unit is inserted into the mother tube of the first pre-built unit. The centers of the sub-tube and the mother tube are aligned and their openings are opposite to each other. The mother tube wraps around the sub-tube, and the sub-tube blocks the opening of the mother tube, forming a lock between the sub-tube and the mother tube.

[0015] Furthermore, in step B, the closing method adopts a synchronous insertion method of three units: a tail-end type unit and a general-purpose unit on each side. This reduces the impact of uneven spacing of the steel pipe pile units caused by the cumulative deviation generated during the early insertion process.

[0016] Furthermore, in step D, the top of the boom is bent into an arc shape, and a lifting point is welded below the top of the boom. Several horizontal pin holes are drilled at the lower end of the boom. The boom is inserted into the boom socket, which is vertically welded to the inner wall of the parent tube near the child tube. The top of the boom socket is flush with the parent tube, and the inner diameter of the boom socket is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the boom. Both the boom and the boom socket are made of steel pipe, and short steel bars are used as pins. The pins pass through the pin holes and are placed horizontally on the upper part of the boom socket to adjust and fix the height of the boom and bear the entire weight of the boom and capsule.

[0017] Furthermore, in step D, the length of the capsule body is the same as the length of the sub-tube, and the outer diameter of the capsule body is the same as the outer diameter of the sub-tube; the capsule body is a long, tubular, closed structure made of rubber, which has a certain elasticity and can produce slight expansion under the action of water pressure and air pressure. The hook at the top of the capsule body is used for lifting and suspending the capsule body. When using it, it should be suspended first and then water and air should be added to avoid the capsule body from wrinkling and leaking.

[0018] Furthermore, in step F, when draining the electric capsule, first connect the power supply and open the solenoid valve, and the water level inside the capsule begins to drop; when the water levels inside and outside are the same, use a crane to slowly lift the capsule out of the lock, and the water inside the capsule will be drained. Then disconnect the power supply, the solenoid valve will automatically close, and the capsule will be rolled up for the next use; when the water depth is large and the friction between the capsule and the inner wall of the lock is too great to pull out, first use an air pump to inflate the capsule through the air inlet valve to squeeze out the water inside the capsule, then close the solenoid valve to prevent water from entering the capsule, and then open the air inlet valve to release the air, so that the air pressure inside and outside the capsule is balanced, and the electric capsule can be easily removed.

[0019] Furthermore, in step F, when draining the mechanical capsule, first open the water inlet valve, then use an air pump to inflate it through the air inlet valve. Under the action of air pressure, the water inside the capsule is discharged upward through the steel wire hose outside the water inlet valve. After the water is drained, stop the air supply, and the mechanical capsule can be easily removed.

[0020] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The steel pipe pile unit adopts the method of symmetrically inserting from the middle to both ends in the direction of water flow and closing from both ends to the middle in the direction of perpendicular water flow. When closing, the three steel pipe piles on both sides of the tail shape are inserted simultaneously. This method can effectively reduce the cumulative deviation during construction and reduce the difficulty of closing the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam. 2. The inner and outer diameters of the mother tube and the daughter tube differ by no more than 4mm, which limits their relative positions and ensures the expansion space of the capsule inside the lock. 3. After the capsule is filled with water, most of the internal water pressure of the locking mechanism is offset by the external water pressure, and the main pipe and daughter pipe of the locking mechanism form a side-limiting protection. Increasing low air pressure will not damage the capsule, thus ensuring operational safety. 4. The water-filled and air-filled capsule method for sealing water is simple in technique, easy to operate, and provides rapid and leak-proof sealing, achieving satisfactory water-stopping results. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation principle of a rectangular pipe pile cofferdam. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation principle of a circular pipe pile cofferdam. Figure 3 This is a schematic elevation view of the steel pipe pile unit; Figure 4 This is a plan view of the first steel pipe pile unit; Figure 5 This is a plan view of a general-purpose steel pipe pile unit; Figure 6 This is a plan view of a corner steel pipe pile unit; Figure 7 This is a plan view of the finishing steel pipe pile unit; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection plan of the steel pipe pile unit; Figure 9 This is an enlarged planar schematic diagram of the latch; Figure 10 This is a frontal view of the electronic capsule; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation of a mechanical capsule; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a T-shaped pipe cap; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the boom; In the diagram: 1. Steel pipe pile unit; 1a. First piece type unit; 1b. General type unit; 1c. Corner type unit; 1d. End type unit; 11. Parent pipe; 12. Mother pipe; 121. Groove; 122. Sloping bottom seal; 13. Daughter pipe; 14. Sloping support plate; 15. Round steel; 16. Lock; 17. Hanging rod; 171. Lifting point; 172. Pin hole; 18. Hanging rod socket; 2. Capsule; 2a. Electrical capsule; 2b. Mechanical capsule; 21. Water inlet valve; 22. Air inlet valve; 23. Hook buckle; 24. Cable; 25. Cable buckle; 26. Solenoid valve; 27. Steel wire hose; 28. T-shaped pipe cap; 281. Cap brim; 282. Anti-slip teeth; 29. ​​Capsule body. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example 1: Rectangular pipe pile cofferdam A water-stopping method using a pipe pile cofferdam water-stopping device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps are as follows: A. A rectangular pipe pile cofferdam is a water-retaining structure formed by arranging multiple steel pipe pile units 1 in a rectangular manner by connecting them end to end with interlocking 16 and inserting them into the foundation to form a closed working area. Horizontal supports are welded into the working area. Among them: the steel pipe pile unit 1 has four forms: first piece type unit 1a, general type unit 1b, corner type unit 1c, and closing type unit 1d; the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam is composed of four types of steel pipe pile units 1: two first piece type units 1a, several general type units 1b, four corner type units 1c, and two closing type units 1d; two adjacent steel pipe pile units 1 are connected by locking buckles 16, which are respectively formed by connecting the mother pipe 12 and the daughter pipe 13 of the adjacent steel pipe pile units 1 in a socket manner; The water-stopping device consists of two parts: the latch 16 and the capsule 2. B. After driving the first first-piece unit 1a into the middle of a rectangular side along the water flow direction, drive general-purpose units 1b into both sides of the first-piece unit 1a and continue driving towards both ends until the corner of the first rectangular side is reached, where corner units 1c are driven in, thus completing the first side of the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam along the water flow direction. Then, complete the second parallel side in the same way. The third side, perpendicular to the water flow direction, is the upper water side. It is constructed by connecting the two ends towards the middle. First, general-purpose units 1b are connected to corner units 1c, and then the connection is extended symmetrically towards the middle. Finally, the closing unit 1d is used to close the connection, thus completing the third side of the upper water side. The fourth side of the lower water side is completed in the same way. The task of driving steel pipe pile units 1 for the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam is now complete. C. After the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam is driven, horizontal supports are installed in the closed working area enclosed by the pipe pile cofferdam to fix the position of steel pipe pile unit 1. D. Place capsule 2 into lock 16 and suspend it on rod 17; in this example, capsule 2 is an electric capsule 2a; E. The electric capsule 2a is filled with clean water through the water inlet valve 21. When the water level in the capsule 2 is more than 1m higher than the outside water level, the filling can be stopped. At this time, the capsule 2 automatically fills the latch 16 under the action of internal water pressure, thereby cutting off the water flow in the latch 16 and playing a role in stopping the water. Then, the air inlet valve 22 is used to pump in a low air pressure of not less than 0.01MPa to enhance the water-stopping effect. F. After the cofferdam is used, first open the air inlet valve 22 of capsule 2 to balance the air pressure inside and outside capsule 2, then drain the water inside capsule 2. After the drainage is completed, lift capsule 2 and store it for later use.

[0024] G. Dismantle the cofferdam in the reverse construction sequence of each steel pipe pile unit 1.

[0025] In step A, the steel pipe pile unit 1 has four forms: first-piece type unit 1a, general type unit 1b, corner type unit 1c, and finishing type unit 1d. The first-piece unit 1a consists of a circular parent tube 11, two C-shaped mother tubes 12, and four oblique support plates 14. The two mother tubes 12 are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the left and right ends of the parent tube 11. The slot 121 of each mother tube 12 faces outward, and each mother tube 12 is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer wall of the parent tube 11 by two oblique support plates 14. The general-purpose unit 1b consists of a circular parent tube 11, a C-shaped mother tube 12, a semi-circular daughter tube 13, a hanging rod socket 18, and two circular... The unit 11 is composed of steel 15 and two inclined support plates 14. The mother pipe 12 and daughter pipe 13 are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the left and right ends of the father pipe 11. The slot 121 of the mother pipe 12 and the opening of the daughter pipe 13 face outwards. The mother pipe 12 is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer wall of the father pipe 11 by two inclined support plates 14. The daughter pipe 13 is symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the father pipe 11 by two round steel 15. The hanging rod socket 18 is fixed to the inner wall of the father pipe 11 and corresponds to the position of one daughter pipe 13. The corner unit 1c consists of a circular father pipe 15 and two round steel 15. The system comprises a pipe 11, a C-shaped main pipe 12, a semi-circular secondary pipe 13, a hanging rod socket 18, two round steel bars 15, and two inclined support plates 14. The main pipe 12 and secondary pipe 13 are vertically mounted on the outer side walls of the right and rear ends of the main pipe 11. The slot 121 of the main pipe 12 and the opening of the secondary pipe 13 face outwards. The main pipe 12 is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer side wall of the main pipe 11 by the two inclined support plates 14. The secondary pipe 13 is symmetrically fixed to the outer side wall of the main pipe 11 by the two round steel bars 15. The hanging rod socket 18 is fixed... The parent tube 11 is fixed on the inner wall and corresponds to the position of a child tube 13; the tail-type unit 1d is composed of a circular parent tube 11, two child tubes 13, two hanging rod sockets 18 and four round steel bars 15. The two child tubes 13 are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the left and right ends of the parent tube 11, with the opening of the child tubes 13 facing outward. Each child tube 13 is symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the parent tube 11 by two round steel bars 15. The two hanging rod sockets 18 are fixed on the inner wall of the parent tube 11 and correspond to the position of a child tube 13 respectively.

[0026] In step A, the parent pipe 11 is the main load-bearing component of steel pipe pile unit 1, and it is made of spiral steel pipe. The diameter and thickness of the parent pipe 11 are larger than those of the daughter pipe 13 and the mother pipe 12. The daughter pipe 13 is a steel pipe with a semi-circular cross-section. The mother pipe 12 has a vertical groove 121 cut along its length on the outside of the smaller steel pipe. The bottom of the mother pipe 12 is sealed with a steel plate to form a sloping bottom 122. The inner diameter of the mother pipe 12 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the daughter pipe 13, and the difference does not exceed 4mm. To ensure no leakage, the mother pipe 12 has a vertical groove 121 cut along its length on the outside of the smaller steel pipe. The welds between pipe 12 and daughter pipe 13 and their respective father pipe 11 are all double-sided continuous welds; the top surfaces of the mother pipe 12, father pipe 11, and daughter pipe 13 are flush, and the bottom of daughter pipe 13 and mother pipe 12 is higher than the bottom of father pipe 11. The height difference is determined according to the foundation conditions of the cofferdam location; however, when the foundation of the cofferdam location is hard and it is not possible to directly drive the steel pipe pile unit 1 into the foundation, and it is necessary to use the method of first drilling and then planting piles to build the cofferdam, the bottoms of mother pipe 12, father pipe 11, and daughter pipe 13 are flush.

[0027] In step B, after the first primary unit 1a is driven into the foundation, the sub-tube 13 of the second general-purpose unit 1b is inserted into the mother tube 12 of the first primary unit 1a. The centers of the sub-tube 13 and the mother tube 12 are aligned and their openings are opposite to each other. The mother tube 12 wraps around the sub-tube 1, and the sub-tube 13 blocks the opening of the mother tube 12. A locking buckle 16 is formed between the sub-tube 13 and the mother tube 12.

[0028] In step B, the closing method is to use a three-stage simultaneous insertion method of the finishing unit 1d and one general-purpose unit 1b on each side to reduce the impact of uneven spacing of steel pipe pile units 1 caused by the cumulative deviation generated during the early insertion process.

[0029] In step D, the top of the boom 17 is bent into an arc shape, and a lifting point 171 is welded below the top of the boom 17. Several horizontal pin holes 172 are drilled at the lower end of the boom 17. The boom 17 is inserted into the boom socket 18, which is vertically welded to the inner wall of the parent tube 11 near the child tube 13. The top of the boom socket 18 is flush with the parent tube 11, and the inner diameter of the boom socket 18 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the boom 17. Both the boom 17 and the boom socket 18 are made of steel pipes, and short steel bars are used as pins. The pins pass through the pin holes 172 and are placed horizontally on the upper part of the boom socket 18 to adjust and fix the height of the boom 17 and bear the entire weight of the boom 17 and the capsule 2.

[0030] In step D, the electric capsule 2a consists of a solenoid valve 26, a capsule body 29, a water inlet valve 21, an air inlet valve 22, a hook buckle 23, a cable buckle 25, and a cable 24. The solenoid valve 26 is normally closed and is installed at the lower end of the capsule body 29. The water inlet valve 21, the air inlet valve 22, and the hook buckle 23 are installed at the upper end of the capsule body 29. The water inlet valve 21 and the air inlet valve 22 are located on both sides of the hook buckle 23. A cable buckle 25 for fixing the cable 24 is set every 1m along the length direction on one side of the capsule body 29.

[0031] In step D, the length of capsule body 29 is the same as the length of sub-tube 13, and the outer diameter of capsule body 29 is the same as the outer diameter of sub-tube 13. Capsule body 29 is a long, tubular, closed structure made of rubber, which has a certain elasticity and can produce slight expansion under the action of water pressure and air pressure. The hook buckle 23 at the upper end of capsule body 29 is used for lifting and suspending capsule body 29. When using it, it should be suspended first and then water and air should be added to avoid the capsule body 29 from wrinkling and leaking water.

[0032] In step F, when draining the electric capsule 2a, first connect the power supply and open the solenoid valve 26, and the water level inside the capsule 29 begins to drop. When the water levels inside and outside are the same, use a crane to slowly lift the capsule 29 out of the latch 16, and the water inside the capsule 29 will be drained. Then disconnect the power supply, the solenoid valve 26 will automatically close, and the capsule 29 will be rolled up for the next use. When the water depth is large and the friction between the capsule 29 and the inner wall of the latch 16 is too great to pull out, first use an air pump to inflate the capsule 29 through the air inlet valve 22 to squeeze out the water inside the capsule 29. Then close the solenoid valve 26 to prevent water from entering the capsule 29, and then open the air inlet valve 22 to release the air, so that the air pressure inside and outside the capsule 29 is balanced, and the electric capsule 2a can be easily removed.

[0033] Example 2: Circular Pipe Pile Cofferdam The operation steps of Example 2 are basically the same as those of Example 1. The differences are only described below: A. As Figure 2 This embodiment illustrates the application of a circular pipe pile cofferdam, employing a mechanical capsule 2b for water sealing. This embodiment does not have the corner-type unit 1c; B. After driving the first first-piece unit 1a along the tangential direction at any designed position of the circular pipe pile cofferdam, drive the general-purpose units 1b symmetrically along the circumferential direction on both sides of the first-piece unit 1a until the closing unit 1d is used to close the cofferdam. The task of driving steel pipe pile units 1 of the circular pipe pile cofferdam is completed. D. In this embodiment, capsule 2 is a mechanical capsule 2b.

[0034] In step D, the mechanical capsule 2b consists of a capsule body 29, a steel wire hose 27, a water inlet valve 21, an air inlet valve 22, and a hook buckle 23. The water inlet valve 21 and the air inlet valve 22 are installed at the upper end of the capsule body 29, and the water inlet valve 21 and the air inlet valve 22 are located on both sides of the hook buckle 23. The steel wire hose 27 is placed inside the capsule body 29, and the upper end of the steel wire hose 27 is limited by a T-shaped cap 28 to prevent the steel wire hose 27 from falling completely into the capsule body 29. The lower end of the steel wire hose 27 is 100mm away from the bottom of the capsule body 29. The T-shaped cap 28 is made of steel and is a T-shaped tubular structure with a brim 281. Anti-slip teeth 282 are provided on the outer side wall of the T-shaped cap 28. The tube body of the T-shaped cap 28 is inserted into the upper end of the steel wire hose 27 and is glued firmly.

[0035] In step F, when the mechanical capsule 2b is draining water, first open the water inlet valve 21, then use an air pump to inflate it from the air inlet valve 22. Under the action of air pressure, the water inside the capsule body 29 is discharged upwards through the steel wire hose 27 to the outside of the water inlet valve 21. After the water is drained, stop the air supply, and the mechanical capsule 2b can be easily removed.

[0036] It should be noted that specific examples have been used in this specification to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention and its core ideas. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-stopping device for a pipe pile cofferdam, wherein the pipe pile cofferdam is formed by multiple steel pipe pile units connected end-to-end and inserted into the foundation to form a closed working area, and a water-blocking structure is formed by welding horizontal supports within the working area, characterized in that: The water-stopping device consists of two parts: a locking mechanism and a capsule. The capsule is placed inside the locking mechanism. The steel pipe pile unit includes a first-piece unit, a general-purpose unit, and a final-piece unit. The first-piece unit consists of a circular parent pipe, two C-shaped mother pipes, and four inclined support plates. The two mother pipes are symmetrically positioned on the outer walls of the parent pipe at both ends, with the groove of each mother pipe facing outwards. Each mother pipe is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer wall of the parent pipe by two inclined support plates. The general-purpose unit consists of a circular parent pipe, a C-shaped mother pipe, a semi-circular daughter pipe, a hanger socket, two round steel bars, and two inclined support plates. The mother pipe and daughter pipe are symmetrically positioned on the outer walls of the parent pipe at both ends. The mother pipe's slot and the daughter pipe's opening face outwards. The mother pipe is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer wall of the father pipe by two oblique support plates. The daughter pipe is symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the father pipe by two round steel bars. The hanger socket is fixed to the inner wall of the father pipe and corresponds to the position of one daughter pipe. The tail-type unit is composed of two daughter pipes, two hanger sockets, and four round steel bars. The two daughter pipes are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the left and right ends of the father pipe, with the openings of the daughter pipes facing outwards. Each daughter pipe is symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the father pipe by two round steel bars. The two hanger sockets are fixed to the inner wall of the father pipe and correspond to the position of one daughter pipe. Two adjacent steel pipe pile units are connected by a locking mechanism, which is formed by connecting the main pipe and the daughter pipe of the adjacent steel pipe pile unit in a socket manner.

2. The water-stopping device for a pipe pile cofferdam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule is an electric capsule, which consists of a solenoid valve, capsule body, water inlet valve, air inlet valve, hook buckle, cable buckle and cable. The solenoid valve is normally closed and is installed at the lower end of the capsule body. The water inlet valve, air inlet valve and hook buckle are installed at the upper end of the capsule body. The water inlet valve and air inlet valve are located on both sides of the hook buckle. A cable buckle for fixing the cable is installed every 1m along the length of the capsule body on one side of the exterior. Alternatively, the capsule may be a mechanical capsule, which consists of a capsule body, a steel wire hose, a water inlet valve, an air inlet valve, and a hook buckle. The water inlet valve, air inlet valve, and hook buckle are installed at the upper end of the capsule body, with the water inlet valve and air inlet valve located on either side of the hook buckle. The steel wire hose is placed inside the capsule body, with its upper end limited by a T-shaped cap to prevent it from falling entirely into the capsule body. The lower end of the steel wire hose is 100mm away from the bottom of the capsule body. The T-shaped cap is made of steel and is a T-shaped tubular structure with a brim. Anti-slip teeth are provided on the outer wall of the T-shaped cap. The body of the T-shaped cap is inserted into the upper end of the steel wire hose and is firmly glued in place.

3. The water-stopping device for a pipe pile cofferdam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel pipe pile unit also includes a corner unit, which consists of a circular parent pipe, a C-shaped mother pipe, a semi-circular daughter pipe, a hanger socket, two round steel bars, and two inclined support plates. The mother pipe and daughter pipe are vertically set on the outer side wall of the right end and rear end of the parent pipe. The groove of the mother pipe and the opening of the daughter pipe face outward. The mother pipe is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer side wall of the parent pipe by two inclined support plates. The daughter pipe is symmetrically fixed to the outer side wall of the parent pipe by two round steel bars. The hanger socket is fixed to the inner side wall of the parent pipe and corresponds to the position of one daughter pipe.

4. A water-stopping method using a pipe pile cofferdam water-stopping device, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: A. A pipe pile cofferdam is a water-retaining structure formed by interlocking multiple steel pipe pile units connected end-to-end in a designed planar shape and inserted into the foundation to form a closed working area. Horizontal supports are welded within the working area. The planar shape of a pipe pile cofferdam is typically rectangular or circular. Among them: The steel pipe pile units for rectangular pipe pile cofferdams come in four forms: first-piece type, general-purpose type, corner type, and closing type; the steel pipe pile units for circular pipe pile cofferdams come in three forms: first-piece type, general-purpose type, and closing type. Adjacent steel pipe pile units are connected by interlocking buckles, which are formed by connecting the main pipe and the daughter pipe of the adjacent steel pipe pile units in a socket manner. The water-stopping device consists of two parts: the interlocking buckle and the capsule. B. After driving the first steel pipe pile unit at the middle of one rectangular side of the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam in the direction of water flow, drive general-purpose steel pipe pile units on both sides of the first steel pipe pile unit towards both ends until the corner of the first rectangular side is changed to the corner steel pipe pile unit, completing the first side of the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam in the direction of water flow; then complete the second parallel side in the same way; the third side perpendicular to the direction of water flow is the upper water side, which is constructed by connecting the two ends towards the middle. First, general-purpose steel pipe pile units are connected to corner steel pipe pile units, then they are extended symmetrically towards the middle, and finally closed with tailing steel pipe pile units to complete the third side of the upper water side; the fourth side of the lower water side is constructed in the same way, and the task of driving steel pipe pile units for the rectangular pipe pile cofferdam is completed; the circular pipe pile cofferdam is also constructed using the symmetrical driving method, but corner steel pipe pile units are not required; C. After the cofferdam is completed, horizontal supports are installed in the closed working area enclosed by the cofferdam to fix the position of the steel pipe pile units. D. Place the capsule inside the lock and suspend it on the boom; capsules are classified into two types according to their drainage method: electric capsules and mechanical capsules; E. Both the electric and mechanical capsules are filled with clean water through the inlet valve. When the water level inside the capsule is more than 1m higher than the outside water level, the filling can be stopped. At this time, the capsule body will automatically fill the lock under the action of internal water pressure, thereby cutting off the water flow in the lock and playing a water-stopping role. Then, the air inlet valve is used to pump in a low air pressure of not less than 0.01MPa to enhance the water-stopping effect. F. After the cofferdam is used, first open the air inlet valve of the capsule to balance the air pressure inside and outside the capsule, then drain the water inside the capsule. After the drainage is completed, lift the capsule and store it for later use. G. Dismantle the cofferdam in the reverse construction sequence of each steel pipe pile unit.

5. The water-stopping method using a pipe pile cofferdam water-stopping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step A, the steel pipe pile unit has four forms: first-piece type unit, general type unit, corner type unit, and finishing type unit; The first-piece unit consists of a circular male tube, two C-shaped female tubes, a hanging rod socket, and four inclined support plates. The two female tubes are symmetrically positioned on the outer walls of the male tube at both ends, with the slots of each female tube facing outwards. Each female tube is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer wall of the male tube by two inclined support plates. The hanging rod socket is fixed to the inner wall of the male tube and corresponds to the position of a female tube. The general-purpose unit consists of a circular male tube, a C-shaped female tube, a semi-circular female tube, a hanging rod socket, two round steel bars, and two inclined support plates. The female and female tubes are symmetrically positioned on the outer walls of the male tube at both ends, with the slots of the female tubes and the openings of the female tubes facing outwards. The female tubes are symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer wall of the male tube by two inclined support plates. The female tubes are symmetrically fixed to the outer wall of the male tube by two round steel bars. The hanging rod socket is fixed to the inner wall of the male tube and corresponds to the position of a female tube. The position of one sub-pipe corresponds to the position of the corner unit. The corner unit is composed of a circular parent pipe, a C-shaped mother pipe, a semi-circular sub-pipe, a hanging rod socket, two round steel bars, and four inclined support plates. The mother pipe and sub-pipe are vertically set on the outer side wall of the right end and rear end of the parent pipe. The groove of the mother pipe and the opening of the sub-pipe face outward. The mother pipe is symmetrically clamped and fixed to the outer side wall of the parent pipe by two inclined support plates. The sub-pipe is symmetrically fixed to the outer side wall of the parent pipe by two round steel bars. The hanging rod socket is fixed to the inner side wall of the parent pipe and corresponds to the position of one sub-pipe. The tail unit is composed of two sub-pipes, two hanging rod sockets, and four round steel bars. The two sub-pipes are symmetrically set on the outer side walls of the left and right ends of the parent pipe. The opening of the sub-pipe faces outward. Each sub-pipe is symmetrically fixed to the outer side wall of the parent pipe by two round steel bars. The two hanging rod sockets are fixed to the inner side wall of the parent pipe and correspond to the position of one sub-pipe. The parent pipe is the main load-bearing component of the steel pipe pile unit. It is made of spiral steel pipe, and its diameter and thickness are larger than those of the daughter pipe and the mother pipe. The daughter pipe is a steel pipe with a semi-circular cross-section. The mother pipe has a vertical groove cut along its length on the outside of the smaller steel pipe. The bottom of the mother pipe is sealed with a steel plate welded at an angle. The inner diameter of the mother pipe is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the daughter pipe, and the difference does not exceed 4mm. To ensure no leakage, the welds between the mother pipe, the daughter pipe and the parent pipe are all double-sided continuous welds. The top surfaces of the mother pipe, the parent pipe and the daughter pipe are flush. The bottom of the daughter pipe and the mother pipe is higher than the bottom of the parent pipe. The height difference is determined according to the foundation conditions of the cofferdam site. However, when the foundation of the cofferdam site is hard and the steel pipe pile unit cannot be directly driven into the foundation, and the method of drilling first and then planting piles is required to build the cofferdam, the bottoms of the mother pipe, the parent pipe and the daughter pipe are flush.

6. The water-stopping method using the pipe pile cofferdam water-stopping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step B, after the first pre-built unit is driven into the foundation, the sub-pipe of the second general-purpose unit is inserted into the mother pipe of the first pre-built unit. The centers of the sub-pipe and the mother pipe are aligned and their openings are opposite to each other. The mother pipe wraps around the sub-pipe, and the sub-pipe blocks the opening of the mother pipe, forming a lock between the sub-pipe and the mother pipe.

7. The water-stopping method using a pipe pile cofferdam water-stopping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step B, the closing method is to use a three-stage simultaneous insertion method, consisting of a tail-end type unit and one general-purpose unit on each of the left and right sides, to reduce the impact of uneven spacing of the steel pipe pile units caused by the cumulative deviation generated during the early insertion process.

8. The water-stopping method using the pipe pile cofferdam water-stopping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step D, the top of the boom is bent into an arc shape, and a lifting point is welded below the top of the boom. Several horizontal pin holes are drilled at the lower end of the boom. The boom is inserted into the boom socket, which is vertically welded to the inner wall of the parent tube near the child tube. The top of the boom socket is flush with the parent tube, and the inner diameter of the boom socket is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the boom. Both the boom and the boom socket are made of steel pipe, and short steel bars are used as pins. The pins pass through the pin holes and are placed horizontally on the upper part of the boom socket to adjust and fix the height of the boom and bear the entire weight of the boom and capsule. The length of the capsule body is the same as the length of the sub-tube, and the outer diameter of the capsule body is the same as the outer diameter of the sub-tube. The capsule body is a long, tubular, closed structure made of rubber, which has a certain degree of elasticity and can produce slight expansion under the action of water pressure and air pressure. The hook at the top of the capsule body is used for lifting and suspending the capsule body. When using it, suspend it first and then add water and air to avoid the capsule body from wrinkling and leaking.

9. The water-stopping method using a pipe pile cofferdam according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step F, when draining the electric capsule, first connect the power supply and open the solenoid valve, and the water level inside the capsule will begin to drop. When the water levels inside and outside are the same, use a crane to slowly lift the capsule out of the latch, and the water inside the capsule will be drained. Then disconnect the power supply, the solenoid valve will automatically close, and the capsule will be rolled up for the next use. When the water depth is large and the friction between the capsule and the inner wall of the latch is too great to pull out, first use an air pump to inflate the capsule through the air inlet valve to squeeze out the water inside the capsule. Then close the solenoid valve to prevent water from entering the capsule, and then open the air inlet valve to release the air, so that the air pressure inside and outside the capsule is balanced, and the electric capsule can be easily removed.

10. The water-stopping method using the pipe pile cofferdam water-stopping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step F, when draining the mechanical capsule, first open the water inlet valve, then use an air pump to inflate it through the air inlet valve. Under the action of air pressure, the water inside the capsule is discharged upward through the steel wire hose outside the water inlet valve. After the water is drained, stop the air supply, and the mechanical capsule can be easily removed.

Images