Dynamic balance control system and method for concentration of SO2 in sintering flue gas

Abstract

The invention provides a dynamic balance control system and method for the concentration of SO2 in sintering flue gas. The dynamic balance control system and method are used for balancing the concentration of SO2 in the sintering flue gas in a plurality of purification series of a flue gas purification system. The method comprises the following steps: continuously acquiring SO2 concentration data of flue gas in each air bellow through SO2 concentration detection equipment arranged on an air bellow branch pipe; calculating the real-time concentration mean value of SO2 in the flue gas of each purification series and the difference value delta C of the real-time concentration mean value; according to the magnitude of the delta C, circulation adjustment of flue gas between the flues is carried out; the opening degree of the valve is dynamically adjusted, the position of a sintering end point is cooperatively adjusted, and redistribution of flue gas resources and source release optimization are achieved; and monitoring the adjusted concentration change to form closed-loop control until the concentrations of the two purification series tend to be balanced. According to the dynamic balance control system and method for the SO2 concentration of the sintering flue gas, the SO2 concentration of the flue gas of multiple purification series can be monitored and dynamically adjusted in real time to tend to be balanced, and it is guaranteed that the whole flue gas purification system stably, efficiently and economically operates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sintering flue gas purification technology in iron and steel metallurgy, specifically to a dynamic balance control system and method for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas. Background Technology

[0002] In the flue gas purification system of large sintering machines, two or more parallel purification series are typically set up to handle the massive volume of flue gas. However, due to factors such as the structural design of the sintering machine itself, site limitations, or historical modifications, the distribution of the main flue ducts corresponding to each series at the tail end of the sintering machine may be inconsistent. For example, in a sintering project of Wuhan Iron and Steel Group, the flue gas purification system adopts activated carbon adsorption desulfurization plus SCR denitrification process. Two flue gas purification systems are set up to treat the flue gas generated by two main sintering exhaust fans respectively. After being discharged from the main exhaust fans, the sintering flue gas enters the flue duct, and then enters the booster fans of the two activated carbon flue gas purification systems. After being pressurized by the booster fans, it enters the activated carbon adsorption tower. The inconsistent distribution of the main flue ducts of the two series at the tail end results in a large difference in SO2 concentration between the two series of flue gas, with the SO2 concentration of the original flue gas of series 1 consistently being significantly higher than that of series 2.

[0003] This uneven concentration distribution causes a series of problems: in series with high concentrations, the adsorption tower operates under overload conditions for extended periods, leading to abnormally increased activated carbon consumption, increased dust emission pressure, and deteriorated system stability; while in series with low concentrations, equipment capacity may be idle. Traditional methods lack real-time monitoring and dynamic balancing mechanisms for flue gas concentration distribution, typically only passively accepting this unevenness and responding crudely by increasing the overall activated carbon circulation rate, which is neither economically nor environmentally sound. Therefore, developing a system capable of achieving dynamic balance of flue gas concentration is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamic balance control system and method for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas. This system addresses the problem that uneven SO2 concentration distribution in multiple parallel purification series in a flue gas purification system leads to the adsorption towers of the series with high concentrations operating under overload conditions for extended periods, resulting in abnormally increased activated carbon consumption, increased dust emission pressure, and deteriorated system stability. Meanwhile, the series with low concentrations may have idle equipment capacity. The invention aims to monitor and dynamically adjust the SO2 concentration in the flue gas from multiple purification series in real time to bring them into balance, ensuring the stable, efficient, and economical operation of the entire flue gas purification system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A dynamic balance control device for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas is provided for balancing the SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas from two or more purification series in a sintering machine flue gas purification system. Each purification series includes a flue, a main exhaust fan, a booster fan, and an adsorption tower connected sequentially via pipelines along the flue gas flow direction. The flue gas inlet of the flue is connected to multiple air boxes of the sintering machine via multiple air box branch pipes, and the flue gas outlet is connected to the flue gas inlet of the main exhaust fan. The flue gas outlet of the main exhaust fan is connected to the flue gas inlet of the booster fan. The flue gas outlet of the booster fan is connected to the flue gas inlet of the adsorption tower. The device is characterized in that the dynamic balance control device includes: The SO2 concentration detection device is installed on the branch pipe of the air box and is used to detect the SO2 concentration of the flue gas in each air box respectively. Flue interconnection pipes are installed between flues of different purification series to connect and interconnect the flues of different purification series through pipes; one flue interconnection pipe is installed between every two flues of purification series. An interconnection valve is installed on the flue interconnection pipe and is used to regulate the flow of flue gas in the flue interconnection pipe.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the dynamic balance control device further includes a branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe, which is installed between the high SO2 concentration purification series' heavy-duty high-pressure air box branch pipe and the flues of other purification series, connecting the heavy-duty high-pressure air box branch pipe to the flues of other low SO2 concentration purification series; the SO2 concentration of the flue gas in the heavy-duty high-pressure air box branch pipe exceeds 800 mg / Nm³. 3 At least 3 minutes. If there is no SO2 concentration in the flue gas exceeding 800 mg / Nm³. 3 For severely high-pressure wind box branch pipes, there is no need to use branch pipe-flue interconnection pipes.

[0007] Furthermore, a branch pipe regulating valve is provided on the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe to regulate the flue gas flow rate within the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the flue gas purification system includes two purification series; the flue gas purification system is an activated carbon desulfurization system.

[0009] This invention also provides a dynamic balance control method for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas based on the above-mentioned dynamic balance control device, characterized by comprising the following steps: SO2 concentration detection devices are installed on the branch pipes of the air boxes of each purification series in the sintering machine flue gas purification system, and SO2 concentration data of flue gas in each air box are continuously acquired through the SO2 concentration detection devices installed on the branch pipes of the air boxes. Interconnecting pipes and valves are installed between flues of different purification series. Calculate the average real-time SO2 concentration in flue gas of each purification series and the difference ΔC between the average real-time concentrations of different purification series to identify areas with abnormal concentration distribution. The first level of adjustment is performed based on the magnitude of ΔC: the opening and closing of the interconnection valve located on the flue interconnection pipe and the valve opening degree are controlled, thereby adjusting the flue and allowing flue gas to circulate between the two purification series connected by the flue interconnection pipe. The valve opening is dynamically adjusted, and the sintering endpoint position is adjusted in coordination to achieve the redistribution of flue gas resources and optimization of source release; The concentration changes after adjustment are monitored to form a closed-loop control until the concentration difference of SO2 in the flue gas in the two purification series reaches the set standard.

[0010] As a preferred option, the adjustment strategy for the first level is as follows: When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between two purification series flues connected by the flue interconnection pipe meets the following condition: ΔC≤100mg / Nm 3 Close the interconnection valve of the flue interconnection pipe to stop the flue gas interconnection between the two purification series flues; When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between the two purification series flues connected by the flue interconnection pipe meets the following requirement: 100 mg / Nm³ 3 <ΔC≤200mg / Nm 3 At the same time, the interconnection valve of the flue interconnection pipe is opened and finely adjusted, with the opening degree changing by 25-40%, so that the flue gas between the two purification series flues can be interconnected. When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between the two purification series flues connected by the flue interconnection pipe meets the following requirement: 200 mg / Nm³ 3 <ΔC≤300mg / Nm 3 At that time, the inter-valve of the flue gas interconnection pipe is adjusted in the middle, with the opening degree changing by 40-60%; When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between two purification series flues connected by the flue interconnection pipe meets the following condition: ΔC > 300 mg / Nm 3 At that time, the inter-valve of the flue gas interconnection pipe is adjusted significantly, with the opening degree changing by 60% to 100%. Meanwhile, when the ΔC between the two purification series flues connected by the flue interconnection pipe remains high, the sintering endpoint position can be controlled by adjusting the sintering machine speed or the material layer thickness, thereby optimizing the SO2 release distribution from the source.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment of the interconnecting valve in the first level is carried out after ΔC has been continuously and stably within the same range for more than 3 minutes.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the dynamic balance control method further includes the following steps: when the real-time average concentration difference ΔC remains higher than the set concentration difference after the first level adjusts the flue gas SO2 concentration, the second level of adjustment is initiated; the adjustment strategy of the second level includes: The adjustment between the flue and the wind box branch pipe is achieved by controlling the opening and closing of the branch pipe regulating valve and the valve opening degree: the branch pipe regulating valve is installed on the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe; one end of the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe is connected to the heavily polluted wind box branch pipe of the high SO2 concentration purification series, and the other end is connected to the flue of another low SO2 concentration purification series; wherein, the SO2 concentration of the flue gas inside the heavily polluted wind box branch pipe is >800mg / Nm³. 3 No less than 3 minutes; According to the control command, the valve opening of the flue interconnection valve and / or branch pipe regulating valve is dynamically adjusted.

[0013] In this dynamic balance control method, the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe and branch pipe regulating valve in the second level can be installed by obtaining the specific branch pipe of the severely high-concentration wind box branch pipe in advance, or by installing them on-site after determining that the first level cannot achieve the purpose, that is, the real-time average concentration difference ΔC is still higher than the set concentration difference value during the actual control process.

[0014] Furthermore, the direct formula for calculating the valve opening α of the branch pipe regulating valve is as follows: α= ; α: Valve opening degree, dimensionless, ranging from 0 to 1, corresponding to 0% to 100% opening degree; Q mix Target mixed traffic, Nm 3 / h, which is the flue gas flow rate diverted from a high-pressure air box branch pipe of one purification series to the flue of another purification series; K: adjustment coefficient, dimensionless, obtained through experimental calibration, usually with an initial value of 1.0~1.5, dynamically optimized according to system performance; C high SO2 concentration in severely elevated bellows branch pipes, mg / Nm³ 3 C low The baseline SO2 concentration (mg / Nm³) for the low SO2 concentration purification series flue gas ducts. 3 The average concentration of the purification series is usually taken; A max : Maximum flow area when the valve is fully open, in meters 2 The value is determined by the valve specifications.

[0015] Furthermore, the second-level regulation strategy also includes classifying the bellows branch pipes into three levels based on the SO2 concentration in the flue gas: The first level is a severely high-temperature flue gas branch pipe, with SO2 concentration in the flue gas exceeding 800 mg / Nm³. 3 Hold for at least 3 minutes; The secondary level is a moderately high concentration of SO2 in the flue gas of the fan branch pipe: the SO2 concentration in the flue gas inside the branch pipe is 400~800 mg / Nm³. 3 Hold for at least 3 minutes; Level 3 is a slightly elevated flue gas distribution branch pipe: the SO2 concentration in the flue gas inside the branch pipe is <400mg / Nm³. 3 Hold for at least 3 minutes.

[0016] Furthermore, the criterion for determining whether the real-time average concentration difference ΔC remains higher than the set concentration difference is: ΔC > 200 mg / Nm³. 3 No less than 3 minutes.

[0017] This invention also provides a dynamic balance control system for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas, used to realize the above-mentioned dynamic balance control method for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas; its special feature is that it includes: Data acquisition module: connected to SO2 concentration detection devices distributed on multiple air box branch pipes, used to collect SO2 concentration data of flue gas from each air box in real time; the two ends of the air box branch pipes are respectively connected to the purification series flue and the sintering machine air box, used to connect each purification series flue to each air box of the sintering machine. Data analysis module: used to receive data transmitted by the data acquisition module, calculate the average SO2 concentration and the real-time average concentration difference ΔC in the flue gas of each purification series, and analyze the concentration distribution pattern; Control execution module: Based on the ΔC and distribution pattern obtained from the data analysis module, output control commands and implement dynamic adjustment; the dynamic adjustment includes the first level of adjustment: the first level is macro-balance control between purification series, including dynamically adjusting the opening of the interconnecting valves set between the flues of multiple purification series and adjusting the sintering endpoint position in linkage to achieve a preliminary balance of the total amount of flue gas.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, when there is a severely high SO2 concentration air box branch pipe connected to the flue of the high SO2 concentration purification series, and the severely high SO2 concentration air box branch pipe is connected to the flue of other purification series by a branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe and a branch pipe regulating valve, the dynamic adjustment also includes a second level of adjustment; the second level includes precise control of the air box branch pipe level, which, for the high SO2 concentration purification series flue, controls the precise diversion of high concentration air box flue gas to low concentration purification series flue gas through the branch pipe regulating valve.

[0019] This dynamic balance control system is used to dynamically adjust the flue gas interconnection valves or branch pipe level regulating valves to dynamically balance the SO2 concentration of sintering flue gas in each purification series.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the SO2 concentration in the flue gas inside the severely high-temperature wind box branch pipe exceeds 800 mg / Nm³. 3 No less than 3 minutes.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the control execution module also includes an anti-oscillation protection mechanism, comprising: Set a time delay; control commands will only be executed if ΔC remains stable above the limit for more than 3 minutes.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a dynamic balance control system and method for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas, which can monitor and dynamically adjust the SO2 concentration of flue gas from multiple purification series in real time to make it tend to be balanced, thereby ensuring the stable, efficient and economical operation of the entire flue gas purification system.

[0023] This invention is the first to systematically solve the problem of flue gas concentration differences caused by uneven distribution of bellows, realizing the transformation from passive response to active and precise control.

[0024] This invention, through dynamic balancing, avoids long-term overload operation of individual adsorption towers, greatly improving the stability of the entire purification system. Practice shows that the percentage of time the high-concentration series operates above design values ​​can be significantly reduced from 28.44% to 8.08%.

[0025] After the system load is balanced, the consumption of activated carbon is reduced, equipment wear is reduced, and operating costs are lowered.

[0026] The system of this invention makes automatic decisions and adjustments based on real-time data, reducing manual intervention and improving control accuracy and efficiency.

[0027] The control system and method of this invention have a clear principle and are easy to implement and promote on sintering machines with similar multi-series flue gas purification systems. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic balance control device for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control process of a dynamic balance control system for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas according to the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Sintering machine; 2. Air box; 3. Air box branch pipe; 41. First flue; 42. Second flue; 51. First main exhaust fan; 52. Second main exhaust fan; 61. First booster fan; 62. Second booster fan; 71. First adsorption tower; 72. Second adsorption tower; 8. SO2 concentration detection equipment; 9. Flue interconnection pipe; 10. Interconnection valve; 11. Branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe; 12. Branch pipe regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] This invention discloses a dynamic balance control device for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas, used to balance the SO2 concentration in each purification series of the sintering flue gas purification system. Each purification series includes a flue, a main exhaust fan, a booster fan, and an adsorption tower connected sequentially via pipes along the flue gas flow direction. The flue gas inlet end of the flue is connected to multiple air boxes 2 of the sintering machine 1 via multiple air box branch pipes 3, and the flue gas outlet end is connected to the flue gas inlet end of the main exhaust fan. The air boxes 2 are located at the tail of the sintering machine 1. The flue gas outlet end of the main exhaust fan is connected to the flue gas inlet end of the booster fan, and the flue gas outlet end of the booster fan is connected to the flue gas inlet end of the adsorption tower.

[0031] Specifically, the sintering machine flue gas purification system is an activated carbon desulfurization system, comprising two purification series: Series 1 and Series 2. Series 1, along the flue gas flow direction, includes a first flue 41, a first main exhaust fan 51, a first booster fan 61, and a first adsorption tower 71 connected sequentially via pipes. Series 2, along the flue gas flow direction, includes a second flue 42, a second main exhaust fan 52, a second booster fan 62, and a second adsorption tower 72 connected sequentially via pipes. Other specific structures of each series of the activated carbon desulfurization system are conventional technologies and will not be elaborated here. The flue gas inlet end of the first flue 41 is connected to multiple air boxes 2 of the sintering machine 1 via multiple air box branch pipes 3. The flue gas inlet end of the second flue 42 is connected to the remaining air boxes 2 of the sintering machine 1 via multiple additional air box branch pipes 3. Because the air boxes 2 are located at different positions at the tail of the sintering machine, the SO2 concentration in the flue gas differs significantly between the two purification series. Therefore, a dynamic balance control device for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas according to the present invention is considered for dynamic balancing.

[0032] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a dynamic balance control device for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas according to the present invention, comprising: SO2 concentration detection device 8 is installed on each wind box branch pipe 3 and is used to detect the SO2 concentration of flue gas in each wind box 2 respectively. The flue interconnection pipe 9 is installed between the flues of the two purification series to connect and interconnect the flues of different purification series through the pipe, that is, the first flue 41 and the second flue 42 are connected and interconnected through the pipe. Interconnect valve 10 is installed on the above-mentioned flue interconnect pipe 9 and is used to regulate the flue gas flow rate within the flue interconnect pipe 9 and between the two flues.

[0033] In the high SO2 concentration purification series, the flue gas SO2 concentration in the connected air box 2 exceeds 800 mg / Nm³. 3 Provided that at least 3 minutes have elapsed, if the SO2 concentration of the flue gas in the two purification series still cannot be completely balanced after flue gas exchange through the flue gas interconnection pipe 9, or to further improve the balancing efficiency of the flue gas SO2 concentration, the dynamic balancing control device may further include a branch pipe-flue gas interconnection pipe 11 and a branch pipe regulating valve 12; if there is no flue gas SO2 concentration exceeding 800 mg / Nm³. 3 If the bellows branch pipe 3 lasts for no less than 3 minutes, then the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe 11 and the branch pipe regulating valve 12 are not installed.

[0034] A branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe 11 is installed between the bellows branch pipe 3 of the high SO2 concentration purification series and the flue of another low SO2 concentration purification series, connecting the bellows branch pipe 3 to the flue of the low SO2 concentration purification series; the SO2 concentration of the flue gas in the bellows branch pipe 3 equipped with the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe 11 exceeds 800 mg / Nm³. 3 No less than 3 minutes.

[0035] Branch pipe regulating valve 12 is installed on the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe 11 and is used to regulate the flue gas flow from the wind box branch pipe 3 to another flue.

[0036] The present invention discloses a method for dynamic equilibrium control of SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas, which is carried out using the aforementioned device and includes the following steps: 1) Real-time monitoring: SO2 concentration detection devices are installed on the branch pipes of the air boxes of each purification series in the sintering machine flue gas purification system, and SO2 concentration data of flue gas in each air box of each purification series are continuously acquired through the SO2 concentration detection devices installed on the branch pipes of the air boxes.

[0037] 2) Install flue interconnection pipes and interconnection valves between flues of different purification series; 3) Data analysis: Calculate the average real-time SO2 concentration and its difference ΔC in the flue gas of each purification series, and identify areas with abnormal concentration distribution; (ΔC=C1-C2), where C1 and C2 are the average real-time SO2 concentrations in the flue gas of the two purification series connected by the flue interconnection pipe.

[0038] 4) Decision-making: Dynamic adjustment is performed based on the magnitude and duration of ΔC, and control commands are determined according to a tiered adjustment strategy. The tiered adjustment strategy includes two levels: the first level is the adjustment between flue ducts, achieved by controlling the opening and closing of interconnecting valves and the valve opening degree; the second level is optional adjustment, specifically the adjustment between the flue duct and the air box branch pipe, achieved by controlling the opening and closing of the branch pipe regulating valve and the valve opening degree. When the real-time average concentration difference ΔC remains higher than the set concentration difference after the first level of flue gas SO2 concentration adjustment, and there are branch pipe-flue duct interconnecting pipes and branch pipe regulating valves between each purification series, the second level of adjustment is activated; ΔC remaining higher than the set concentration difference is manifested as: ΔC > 200 mg / Nm³. 3 No less than 3 minutes.

[0039] In the first stage, the adjustment of the interconnecting valve is carried out after ΔC has been stable within the same range for more than 3 minutes. The adjustment strategy is as follows: When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between two purification series flues meets the following condition: ΔC ≤ 100 mg / Nm 3 Close the interconnection valve to stop the flue gas exchange between the two purification series flue ducts and enter the monitoring state; When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between two purification series flues meets the following condition: 100 mg / Nm³ 3 <ΔC≤200mg / Nm 3 At this time, the inter-valve is opened and fine-tuned, with the opening degree changing by 25-40%, so that the flue gas between the two purification series flues can be interconnected. When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between two purification series flues meets the following condition: 200 mg / Nm³ 3 <ΔC≤300mg / Nm 3 At this time, the control inter-valve is adjusted in the middle, with the opening degree changing by 40-60%; When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between two purification series flues meets the following condition: ΔC > 300 mg / Nm 3 At this time, the control inter-valve is adjusted significantly, with the opening degree changing by 60% to 100%. Meanwhile, when ΔC remains high, the sintering endpoint position can be controlled by adjusting the sintering machine speed or the material layer thickness, thereby optimizing the SO2 release distribution from the source.

[0040] Before starting the second stage, check if a branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe and a branch pipe regulating valve are installed; if not, stop starting the second stage and continue adjusting the first stage.

[0041] The second-level regulation strategy includes classifying the bellows branch pipes into three levels based on the SO2 concentration in the flue gas, and connecting the severely high-SO2 bellows branch pipes with flue gas exchange with the flues of other purification series; the three levels are as follows: The first level is a severely high-temperature flue gas branch pipe, with SO2 concentration in the flue gas exceeding 800 mg / Nm³. 3 Hold for at least 3 minutes; The secondary level is a moderately high concentration of SO2 in the flue gas of the fan branch pipe: the SO2 concentration in the flue gas inside the branch pipe is 400~800 mg / Nm³. 3 Hold for at least 3 minutes; Level 3 is a slightly elevated flue gas distribution branch pipe: the SO2 concentration in the flue gas inside the branch pipe is <400mg / Nm³. 3 Hold for at least 3 minutes.

[0042] For SO2 concentrations exceeding 800 mg / Nm 3 Maintaining a high concentration in the branch pipe of the high-concentration flue gas system for more than 3 minutes, the precise diversion of high-concentration flue gas from the high-concentration series flue gas to the low-concentration series flue gas is controlled by adjusting the opening and closing of the branch pipe regulating valve and the valve opening degree. The mixing ratio is dynamically calculated based on the real-time concentration difference to ensure that the high-concentration flue gas can be quickly and fully diverted to the other series of flue gas. The direct calculation formula for the valve opening degree α of the branch pipe regulating valve is as follows: α= ; α: Valve opening degree (dimensionless, value range 0~1, corresponding to 0~100% opening degree); Q mix Target mixed flow (Nm) 3 / h), which is the flue gas flow rate diverted from the high-concentration air box branch pipe to another purification series flue; K: adjustment coefficient (dimensionless), obtained through experimental calibration, usually with an initial value of 1.0~1.5, dynamically optimized according to system performance; C high SO2 concentration in severely elevated bellows branch pipes, mg / Nm³ 3 C low The baseline SO2 concentration (mg / Nm³) for the low SO2 concentration purification series flue gas ducts. 3 The average concentration of the purification series is usually taken; A max : Maximum flow area when the valve is fully open, in meters 2 The value is determined by the valve specifications.

[0043] 4) Coordinated execution: Based on control commands, dynamically adjust the valve opening of the flue interconnection valve and / or branch pipe level regulating valve, and coordinately adjust the sintering endpoint position to achieve the redistribution of flue gas resources and optimization of source release.

[0044] 5) Feedback Optimization: Monitor the concentration changes after adjustment to form a closed-loop control until the concentrations of the two series tend to reach equilibrium. Equilibrium means that the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between the two series of flues connected by the flue interconnection pipe meets the following condition: ΔC ≤ set value for at least a set time, preferably ΔC ≤ 100 mg / Nm³. 3 No less than 3 minutes.

[0045] This invention discloses a dynamic balance control system for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas, used to implement the aforementioned dynamic balance control method for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas, comprising: Data acquisition module: Connects to SO2 concentration detection devices on the branch pipes of each air box distributed in multiple purification series flues, used to collect SO2 concentration data of flue gas in each air box in real time; the two ends of the air box branch pipe are connected to the purification series flue and the sintering machine air box respectively, used to connect each purification series flue to each air box of the sintering machine. Data analysis module: Used to receive data transmitted by the data acquisition module, calculate the average SO2 concentration and the real-time average concentration difference ΔC in the flue gas of each purification series, and analyze the concentration distribution pattern; Control Execution Module: Based on the concentration difference ΔC and distribution pattern obtained from the data analysis module, it outputs control commands and implements dynamic adjustment. Dynamic adjustment includes two levels: The first level is macroscopic balance control between purification series, including dynamically adjusting the opening of the interconnecting valves between multiple purification series flues and adjusting the sintering endpoint position in conjunction to achieve preliminary balance of the total flue gas volume; the second level includes precise control at the wind box branch pipe level. For series flues with high SO2 concentrations, it further identifies specific wind box branch pipes with significantly higher concentrations within that series, and controls the precise diversion of high-concentration wind box flue gas to low-concentration series flue gas through branch pipe-level regulating valves; where the SO2 concentration of the flue gas in the severely high-concentration wind box branch pipe exceeds 800 mg / Nm³. 3 No less than 3 minutes.

[0046] The control execution module also has an anti-oscillation protection mechanism, including: setting a time delay, and executing control commands only if ΔC continuously exceeds the limit and remains stable for more than 3 minutes.

[0047] Specifically, the control process of this system is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes: The data acquisition module collects SO2 concentration data from each air box in real time and transmits it to the data analysis module for processing. The data analysis module calculates ΔC, and the control execution module outputs control commands based on the range of ΔC to trigger the first level of regulation, thereby controlling the opening of the interconnecting valve. The effect of the first level of SO2 concentration control is monitored in real time: if ΔC ≤ 100 mg / Nm³ 3 Enter stable monitoring; if ΔC > 200 mg / Nm 3 If the operation continues for at least 3 minutes, the second level of control will be triggered. The control valve of the branch pipe will be adjusted to enable communication between the severely high-temperature air box branch pipe and the flue, and continuous monitoring and dynamic adjustment will be made to ensure the concentration balance of the two purification series.

[0048] The following is based on a 550m 2Taking two sets of activated carbon desulfurization systems supporting a sintering machine as a specific example, the dynamic balance control system and method for the SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas of the present invention will be further described.

[0049] Example 1: A dynamic balance control system for the SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas includes a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, and a control execution module.

[0050] System construction: The dynamic balance control device for the SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas is constructed and connected to the dynamic balance control system for the SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas. Specifically, high-precision SO2 online monitors are installed on each air box branch pipe of the flue ducts of purification series one and purification series two, and the sampling frequency is set to 1 time / minute. The data is acquired through the data acquisition module and transmitted to the data analysis module in the central control room via industrial Ethernet. An electric regulating interconnection valve is installed between the main flue ducts of the two purification series.

[0051] System operation process: After the system is put into operation, the data analysis module continuously shows that the average concentration of purification series one is higher than that of purification series two in real time, and ΔC is often in the range of 250 - 300 mg / Nm 3 range.

[0052] Automatic regulation: The control execution module outputs an instruction according to the classification strategy to increase the opening of the interconnection valve by 50%, so that part of the high-concentration flue gas is diverted from the flue duct of purification series one to the flue duct of purification series two.

[0053] Effect verification: After the above adjustment, after about 15 minutes, the difference ΔC between the average SO2 concentrations of the two purification series is stabilized within 100 mg / Nm 3 . Long-term operation data shows that the proportion of the duration when the SO2 concentration of the raw flue gas in purification series one exceeds the design value of 1000 mg / Nm 3 is greatly reduced from 28.44% before optimization to 15.08%.

[0054] Example 2: System optimization: Based on the original dynamic balance control device for the SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas in Example 1, an air box branch pipe-level directional interconnection device is added. Among the 36 air box branch pipes of purification series one, eight severely high-concentration air box branch pipes with continuously high concentrations (concentration > 800 mg / Nm 3 for more than three minutes) are identified, and branch pipe - flue duct interconnection pipes and branch pipe regulating valves are respectively installed, and the eight severely high-concentration air box branch pipes are respectively connected to the flue duct of purification series two.

[0055] When it is detected that the average concentration of purification series one is continuously higher than that of purification series two, the system activates the air box branch pipe-level directional interconnection.

[0056] Calculate the valve opening using one of the severely oversized bellows branch pipes as an example: C high =850mg / Nm 3 (Severely high), Q high =5000Nm 3 / h. Target series baseline concentration: C low =450mg / Nm 3 Valve parameters: A max =0.1m 2 Adjustment coefficient: K=1.2. Mixing ratio: R=0.8.

[0057] Calculate Q mix =R×Q high =0.8×5000=4000Nm 3 / h.

[0058] Calculate the concentration difference: C high -C low =850−400=400mg / Nm 3 .

[0059] α=4000÷(1.2×400×0.1)≈83%.

[0060] First, adjust the opening of the inter-series interconnection valve to achieve macroscopic balance. For the eight severely high concentration air box branch pipes identified in Purification Series 1, open the branch pipe-level directional interconnection. Based on the real-time concentration difference, adjust the valve opening of the severely high concentration air box branch pipe to 83%, and continuously monitor and dynamically adjust it.

[0061] Long-term operation data shows that the SO2 concentration in the flue gas of the first purification series exceeded the design value by 1000 mg / Nm³. 3 The time spent on optimization dropped significantly from 28.44% to 8.08%.

[0062] This invention discloses a dynamic balancing system and method for sintering flue gas based on precise SO2 concentration control at the bellows level. By constructing a comprehensive detection network, intelligent analysis algorithms, and precise mixing execution units, it achieves bellows-level directional control of flue gas concentration. This system effectively solves the problem of uneven load distribution among multiple purification systems, improving operational efficiency and environmental performance. It is suitable for the technological upgrading and new construction projects of sintering flue gas treatment. Based on the original inter-series balancing control, a precise control mechanism at the bellows branch pipe level is added. By identifying high-concentration bellows and establishing directional interconnection, more refined concentration balance control is achieved, significantly improving the system's operational stability.

[0063] This invention can significantly improve the overall efficiency and stability of the desulfurization system. By balancing the inlet SO2 concentration of each purification series, it avoids the unbalanced operation state of "some series with high load and some series with low load" in the traditional mode. This allows core desulfurization equipment such as activated carbon adsorption towers to operate under conditions closer to the design concentration, thereby improving the overall desulfurization efficiency and reducing the impact of drastic fluctuations in front-end concentration on the desulfurization process, thus enhancing the stability of system operation.

[0064] This invention reduces operation and maintenance costs and extends equipment lifespan. The solution prevents the main exhaust fan, booster fan, and adsorption tower of high-concentration series from operating at over-design concentrations or under overload conditions for extended periods, reducing the risk of equipment corrosion and wear, and extending their service life. The balanced concentration across each purification series facilitates the uniform utilization of activated carbon adsorbents, preventing premature penetration or failure of local adsorbents. This is expected to reduce adsorbent (such as activated carbon) consumption at the same desulfurization rate, generating direct economic benefits. Furthermore, by instantly diverting and diluting high-concentration flue gas, this invention effectively smooths out peak flows and significantly reduces the risk of exceeding emission standards due to sudden spikes in local SO2 concentrations, providing strong technical support for consistently meeting ultra-low emission standards.

[0065] This invention transforms the traditionally relatively fixed flue gas system into a dynamically adjustable intelligent network. When fluctuations in sintering raw materials or processes alter the SO2 release pattern, the system can automatically adapt and rebalance, enhancing the adaptability of the entire sintering process to raw material fluctuations. Simultaneously, the closed-loop control system reduces manual intervention, improving the automation and intelligent management level of environmental protection facilities.

[0066] This invention is implemented by adding auxiliary interconnecting pipelines and valves to existing pipelines. It is an "optimization and transformation" of the existing system rather than a complete overhaul. Compared with building new or large-scale replacement of purification equipment, its transformation cost is lower, the construction period is shorter, and the return on investment is significant. It is especially suitable for upgrading and improving the efficiency of existing sintering machine desulfurization systems.

[0067] In summary, this invention, through the combination of hardware modification and intelligent control software, effectively solves the long-standing problem of uneven concentration in the industry, bringing comprehensive benefits in terms of improving environmental performance, reducing operating costs, and ensuring stable production, and has good prospects for promotion.

[0068] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic balance control device for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas, used to balance the SO2 concentration of sintering flue gas in two or more purification series of a sintering machine flue gas purification system, wherein each purification series includes a flue, a main exhaust fan, a booster fan, and an adsorption tower connected sequentially via pipes along the flue gas flow direction; the flue gas inlet end of the flue is connected to multiple air boxes of the sintering machine via multiple air box branch pipes, and the flue gas outlet end is connected to the flue gas inlet end of the main exhaust fan; the flue gas outlet end of the main exhaust fan is connected to the flue gas inlet end of the booster fan; the flue gas outlet end of the booster fan is connected to the flue gas inlet end of the adsorption tower; characterized in that, The dynamic balance control device includes: The SO2 concentration detection device is installed on the branch pipe of the air box and is used to detect the SO2 concentration of the flue gas in each air box respectively. Flue interconnection pipes are installed between flues of different purification series to connect and interconnect the flues of different purification series through pipes; An interconnection valve is installed on the flue interconnection pipe and is used to regulate the flow of flue gas in the flue interconnection pipe.

2. The dynamic balance control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic balance control device also includes a branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe, which is installed between the high SO2 concentration purification series' heavy-duty high-pressure air box branch pipe and the flues of other low SO2 concentration purification series, connecting the heavy-duty high-pressure air box branch pipe to the flues of other purification series; the SO2 concentration of the flue gas in the heavy-duty high-pressure air box branch pipe exceeds 800 mg / Nm³. 3 .

3. The dynamic balance control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A branch pipe regulating valve is installed on the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe to regulate the flue gas flow rate within the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe.

4. A method for dynamically balancing the SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas based on the dynamic balance control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: SO2 concentration detection devices are installed on the branch pipes of the air boxes of each purification series in the sintering machine flue gas purification system, and SO2 concentration data of flue gas in each air box are continuously acquired through the SO2 concentration detection devices. Interconnecting pipes and valves are installed between flues of different purification series. Calculate the average real-time SO2 concentration in flue gas of each purification series and the difference ΔC between the average real-time concentrations of different purification series; The first level of adjustment is performed based on the magnitude of ΔC: the opening and closing of the interconnection valve located on the flue interconnection pipe and the valve opening degree are controlled, thereby adjusting the flue and allowing flue gas to circulate between the two purification series connected by the flue interconnection pipe. Dynamically adjust the valve opening to achieve the redistribution of flue gas resources; Continue to monitor the concentration changes after adjustment to form a closed-loop control until the concentration difference of SO2 in the flue gas in the two purification series reaches the set standard.

5. The dynamic balance control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment strategy for the first level is as follows: When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between two purification series flues connected by the flue interconnection pipe meets the following condition: ΔC≤100mg / Nm 3 Close the interconnection valve of the flue interconnection pipe to stop the flue gas interconnection between the two purification series flues; When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between the two purification series flues connected by the flue interconnection pipe meets the following requirement: 100 mg / Nm³ 3 <ΔC≤200mg / Nm 3 At the same time, the interconnection valve of the flue interconnection pipe is opened and finely adjusted, with the opening degree changing by 25-40%, so that the flue gas between the two purification series flues can be interconnected. When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between the two purification series flues connected by the flue interconnection pipe meets the following requirement: 200 mg / Nm³ 3 <ΔC≤300mg / Nm 3 At this time, the inter-valve of the flue gas interconnection pipe is adjusted in the middle, with the opening degree changing by 40-60%; When the SO2 concentration in the flue gas between two purification series flues connected by the flue interconnection pipe meets the following condition: ΔC > 300 mg / Nm 3 At that time, the control valve of the flue interconnection pipe is adjusted significantly, with the opening degree changing by 60-100%.

6. The dynamic balance control method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The dynamic balance control method further includes the following steps: when the real-time average concentration difference ΔC remains higher than the set concentration difference after the first level adjusts the flue gas SO2 concentration, the second level of adjustment is initiated; the adjustment strategy of the second level includes: The adjustment between the flue and the air box branch pipe is achieved by controlling the opening and closing of the branch pipe regulating valve and the valve opening degree: the branch pipe regulating valve is installed on the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe; one end of the branch pipe-flue interconnection pipe is connected to the heavily polluted air box branch pipe of the high SO2 concentration purification series, and the other end is connected to the flue of another low SO2 concentration purification series; wherein, the SO2 concentration of the flue gas inside the heavily polluted air box branch pipe is >800mg / Nm³. 3 ; According to the control command, dynamically adjust the valve opening of the flue interconnection valve and / or branch pipe regulating valve; The direct formula for calculating the valve opening α of the branch pipe regulating valve is as follows: α= ； α: Valve opening degree, dimensionless, ranging from 0 to 1, corresponding to 0% to 100% opening degree; Q mix Target mixed traffic, Nm 3 / h, which is the flue gas flow rate diverted from a high-pressure air box branch pipe of one purification series to the flue of another purification series; K: adjustment coefficient, dimensionless, obtained through experimental calibration, usually with an initial value of 1.0~1.5, dynamically optimized according to system performance; C high SO2 concentration in severely elevated bellows branch pipes, mg / Nm³ 3 C low The baseline SO2 concentration (mg / Nm³) for the low SO2 concentration purification series flue gas ducts. 3 The average concentration of the purification series is usually taken; A max : Maximum flow area when the valve is fully open, in meters 2 The value is determined by the valve specifications.

7. The dynamic balance control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The criterion for determining whether the real-time average concentration difference ΔC remains higher than the set concentration difference is: ΔC > 200 mg / Nm³. 3 No less than 3 minutes.

8. A dynamic balance control system for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas, used to implement the dynamic balance control method for SO2 concentration in sintering flue gas according to any one of claims 4 to 7; characterized in that, include: Data acquisition module: connected to SO2 concentration detection devices distributed on multiple air box branch pipes, used to collect SO2 concentration data of flue gas from each air box in real time; the two ends of the air box branch pipes are respectively connected to the purification series flue and the sintering machine air box, used to connect each purification series flue to each air box of the sintering machine. Data analysis module: used to receive data transmitted by the data acquisition module and calculate the average SO2 concentration and the real-time average concentration difference ΔC in the flue gas of each purification series; Control execution module: Based on the ΔC obtained by the data analysis module, output control commands and implement dynamic adjustment; the dynamic adjustment includes the first level of adjustment: the first level is macro-balance control between purification series, including dynamically adjusting the opening of the interconnecting valves set between the flues of multiple purification series to achieve a preliminary balance of the total amount of flue gas.

9. The dynamic balance control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment also includes a second level of adjustment; the second level includes precise control at the bellows branch pipe level, which, for the high SO2 concentration purification series flue, controls the precise diversion of high concentration bellows flue gas to low concentration purification series flue gas through the branch pipe regulating valve.

10. The dynamic balance control system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The control execution module is also equipped with an anti-oscillation protection mechanism, including: Set a time delay; control commands will only be executed if ΔC remains stable above the limit for more than 3 minutes.

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