Laser matrix horizontal projectile motion speed measurement and trajectory analysis system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of horizontal projectile motion analysis, and discloses a laser matrix horizontal projectile motion speed measurement and trajectory analysis system and method.The laser matrix horizontal projectile motion speed measurement and trajectory analysis system comprises a test bed, an electromagnet automatic release device, a double-row laser array speed measurement matrix, a small ball collection device and a host. The horizontal projectile motion is synchronously analyzed through a two-dimensional distributed laser measurement matrix, an integrated solution capable of automatically and synchronously measuring the instantaneous speed of an object at multiple positions and drawing the motion trail of the object in real time in the one-time projectile process is provided, the technical defect that an existing speed measurement device is poor in triggering reliability is overcome, and the speed measurement accuracy is improved. And a speed measurement mechanism with high fault tolerance is provided, so that the high success rate of the experiment is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of projectile motion analysis technology, and more specifically, to a laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system and method. Background Technology

[0002] When an object is thrown horizontally with a certain initial velocity, and if the object is only subject to gravity, this motion is called projectile motion. Projectile motion is a typical type of curvilinear motion. It is usually studied by decomposing it into two components: horizontal and vertical. During projectile motion, the object experiences no force in the horizontal direction; according to Newton's first law, it should move at a constant velocity in the horizontal direction, and its velocity is the initial velocity. In the vertical direction, the object is only subject to gravity, and its initial velocity in the vertical direction is zero; according to Newton's second law, it should undergo free fall in the vertical direction. Therefore, projectile motion is the combined motion of uniform linear motion in the horizontal direction and free fall in the vertical direction.

[0003] Projectile motion is a core experiment in fundamental physics teaching and research, aiming to verify the independence of motion and the principle of superposition. However, existing technologies have serious shortcomings in integrating quantitative measurement of instantaneous velocity with automatic analysis of motion trajectories, failing to meet the demands of modern, precise, and digital experimental teaching. Specifically: 1. Functional fragmentation prevents simultaneous analysis. For example, the core of the technical solution of patent CN201520996700.0, "A device for determining the instantaneous velocity direction of projectile motion", lies in using a mechanical structure and a laser pen to perform geometric drawing. It can only qualitatively indicate the direction of the instantaneous velocity, but cannot quantitatively measure the magnitude of the instantaneous velocity. Its function is extremely limited.

[0004] Another type of "projectile motion trajectory recorder" based on carbon paper, stroboscopic photography, or location markers can only acquire position information and cannot directly obtain instantaneous velocity data. To analyze the velocity, tedious, time-consuming, and error-prone manual calculations and data processing are required.

[0005] 2. The measurement process is not automated, resulting in large systematic errors. The aforementioned devices all heavily rely on manual, point-by-point operation, introducing significant reading errors and operator subjectivity. More critically, a single experiment can only acquire limited data of a single type (direction or position), failing to simultaneously capture the two core physical quantities of velocity and trajectory during a single launch, resulting in low experimental efficiency and poor data correlation and consistency.

[0006] 3. Existing speed measurement solutions have inherent technical defects. Speed ​​measurement schemes often employ a single photoelectric gate or a pair of laser beams. Firstly, these schemes cannot achieve multi-point synchronous measurement, making it difficult to reflect the entire motion process. Secondly, their triggering reliability is poor, requiring stringent accuracy in the object's flight trajectory; even a slight deviation can lead to measurement failure, resulting in extremely low fault tolerance and making them unsuitable for teaching scenarios.

[0007] In summary, there has long been a clear but unresolved technical problem in this field: how to provide a technical solution that can automatically, synchronously, and reliably achieve integrated and accurate measurement of the instantaneous velocity and trajectory of a projectile in motion at multiple points. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention proposes a laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system and method, the specific technical solution of which is as follows: A laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system includes: The test bench includes a bottom support platform and a support frame mounted on the upper surface of the bottom support platform. The support frame includes two vertical frames arranged in a front-to-back configuration. A first horizontal frame is installed between the left and right sides of each of the two vertical frames, and each column contains a total of There are two rows of first horizontal frames, one on each side; a row of second horizontal frames is installed between the top and bottom of each of the two vertical frames, and each row contains a total of There is a second horizontal frame, and the two rows of second horizontal frames correspond one-to-one; a small ball projectile guide rail with curved and horizontal sections is also installed between the upper left ends of the two vertical frames. An electromagnet automatic release device is installed at the upper end of the curved part of the ball-projectile guide rail to achieve the adsorption, stagnation and automatic release of the ball. The dual-row laser array velocity measurement matrix includes the one corresponding to the one mounted on the first horizontal frame. A first laser array group and a corresponding one mounted on the second horizontal frame. A second laser array group, The first laser array group is activated to form a horizontal laser array group. Each second laser array group is activated to form a vertical laser array group; each first laser array group consists of an upper row of laser beam-aiming modules and a lower row of laser beam-aiming modules, and each second laser array group consists of a left row of laser beam-aiming modules and a right row of laser beam-aiming modules; each row of laser beam-aiming modules consists of... The system consists of laser beam pairs positioned on the same horizontal or vertical plane. Each laser beam pair includes a transmitting laser beam and a receiving laser beam. As the ball falls, it passes between the corresponding transmitting and receiving laser beams. The upper and lower laser beam modules are on the same vertical line, while the left and right laser beam modules are on the same horizontal line. The vertical distance between the upper and lower laser beam modules and the horizontal distance between the left and right laser beam modules are as follows: ; The ball collecting device is placed on the bottom support platform to receive the balls after projectile motion. The main unit is located outside the test bench. Inside the main unit are a main control processing system, a timer, an automatic release control system electrically connected to the electromagnet automatic release device, and a laser array control processing system electrically connected to the double-row laser array speed measuring matrix. The automatic release control system and the laser array control processing system are both electrically connected to the timer and the main control processing system.

[0009] Preferably, the electromagnet automatic release device includes an electromagnet installed on the upper end of the curved portion of the ball-projectile guide rail, and a flat attracting surface for attracting the ball is provided on the end face of the electromagnet facing the horizontal portion; the electromagnet is electrically connected to the automatic release control system, which includes a main control unit and a drive control circuit. The main control unit receives external commands and outputs control signals to the drive control circuit to realize the attraction, holding and release of the ball on the lower end face of the electromagnet.

[0010] Preferably, a vertical scale is provided on the side wall of the vertical frame.

[0011] Preferably, the number of groups in the first laser array group The number of groups in the second laser array group is 4 to 8. There are 3 to 4 groups.

[0012] Preferably, the number of laser pairs in each row of laser beam-beam modules There must be at least four.

[0013] Preferably, the power supply to the upper and lower laser beam-beaming modules in each first laser array group, as well as the left and right laser beam-beaming modules in each second laser array group, is independently controlled by the software in the laser array control and processing system.

[0014] Preferably, a level and several base leveling screws are also installed on the bottom support of the test bench.

[0015] A method for measuring the velocity and trajectory of projectile motion using a laser matrix, employing one of the laser matrix projectile motion velocity and trajectory analysis systems described above, includes the following steps: S1. Initialization and Triggering: The laser array control and processing system activates the corresponding laser array group on the support frame. The automatic release control system controls the ball to move from rest to release. When the ball falls and blocks the upper row of laser beam-shooting modules in the first laser array group activated below, the timer is triggered to start counting. S2. Data Synchronization Acquisition: When the ball falls and blocks the lower row of laser beam-emitting modules in the first laser array group, the timer captures the signal, thereby obtaining the laser blocking time interval of the first laser array group. The ball continues to fall and passes through a double-row laser array velocity measurement matrix. The timer captures the signal to obtain the laser blocking time interval of each subsequent laser array group. ; S3, Integrated Data Processing and Output Instantaneous velocity calculation: for each laser array group According to the formula Calculate its instantaneous velocity value; Motion trajectory drawing: The main control processing system in the host automatically calculates the preset spatial coordinates of each laser array group. , It is associated with its triggering time. In the coordinate system, points are plotted and connected in real time through smooth connection by algorithm, and an intuitive motion trajectory diagram is generated synchronously. S4. Verification of motion patterns: Horizontal uniform velocity verification: Extract and compare the horizontal velocity components measured by the vertical laser array group. To verify whether the values ​​remain consistent within the error range; Vertical acceleration analysis: Extracting the vertical velocity components measured at different positions of the horizontal laser array group. and its corresponding global time or the height of fall Draw or Relationship curve.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system and method of the present invention have the following advantages: (1) This invention uses a two-dimensional distributed laser measurement matrix to synchronously analyze projectile motion, providing an integrated solution that can automatically and synchronously measure the instantaneous velocity of an object at multiple positions and draw its trajectory in real time during a single projectile motion. This overcomes the technical defects of poor trigger reliability of existing speed measuring devices, and has a high fault-tolerant speed measuring mechanism, ensuring a high success rate of the experiment.

[0017] (2) This invention changes the traditional experimental mode and realizes the technological leap from "manual, point-by-point, inefficient" to "automatic, synchronous, efficient", which is suitable for teaching demonstrations and precise scientific research at different levels.

[0018] (3) The technical solution provided by this invention, for the first time, perfectly integrates the two core functions of "instantaneous multi-point synchronous measurement of velocity" and "automatic drawing of motion trajectory" in a highly integrated system, which were previously separated in existing technologies. This solves the technical contradiction of "measuring velocity without trajectory and trajectory without velocity measurement" in teaching experiments, fundamentally solves the technical problem of poor trigger reliability of traditional photoelectric gate speed measuring devices, and improves the success rate of experiments from relying on operator skills in traditional solutions to a stable state of nearly 100%, resulting in significant technological progress. At the same time, this invention provides students with complete data, including instantaneous velocity, motion trajectory, and velocity components, rather than isolated data points. This enables a comprehensive, data-driven, in-depth exploration of the laws of projectile motion, significantly improving teaching effectiveness and possessing high market promotion prospects and industrial application value. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front structural schematic diagram of a laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system according to the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1-Test bench, 2-Automatic electromagnet release device, 3-Dual-mode laser array timing and speed measuring device, 4-Small ball collecting device, 5-Main unit, 6-Bottom support platform, 7-Vertical frame, 8-First horizontal frame, 9-Second horizontal frame, 10-Small ball projectile guide rail, 11-Small ball, 12-First laser array group, 13-Second laser array group, 14-Upper row laser beam module, 15-Lower row laser beam module, 16-Left row laser beam module, 17-Right row laser beam module, 18-Electromagnet, 19-Level indicator, 20-Base leveling screw, 21-Main unit power switch, 22-Power indicator light, 23-Operation display screen, 24-Laser array connection port Detailed Implementation Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] Example: See Figure 1 , Figure 2 This embodiment first proposes a laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system, including a test bench 1, an electromagnet automatic release device 2, a double-row laser array velocity measurement matrix, a ball collection device 4, and a host 5.

[0024] Specifically, The test bench 1 includes a bottom support platform 6 and a support frame installed on the upper surface of the bottom support platform. The bottom support platform 6 (generally made of aluminum) and the support frame together constitute the stable support of the device in this embodiment.

[0025] The support frame further includes two vertical frames 7 arranged in a front-to-back configuration. A first horizontal frame 8 is installed between the left and right sides of each of the two vertical frames 7, and each horizontal frame contains a total of... There are two rows of first horizontal frames 8, one on each side; a row of second horizontal frames 9 is installed between the top and bottom of each of the two vertical frames 7, and each row contains a total of Two rows of second horizontal frames 9 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to form a vertical laser array.

[0026] A ball-projectile guide rail 10 with curved and horizontal sections is also installed between the upper left sides of the two vertical frames 7. An electromagnet automatic release device 2 is installed at the upper end of the curved section of the ball-projectile guide rail 10 to achieve the adsorption, stillness and precise automatic release of the ball 11 (specifically a metal ball) to eliminate the initial error caused by manual release.

[0027] The dual-row laser array velocity measurement matrix includes those corresponding to the one mounted on the first horizontal frame 8. A first laser array group 12 and a corresponding one mounted on the second horizontal frame 9 A second laser array group 13. The first laser array group 12 is activated to form a horizontal laser array group. The second laser array group 13 is activated to form a vertical laser array group, that is, the first laser array group 12 and the second laser array group 13 constitute a two-dimensional measurement matrix in space.

[0028] It should be noted that the vertical direction is set The first laser array group and the horizontally arranged The second laser array group can be set at equal intervals, or the laser array groups can be adjusted to the corresponding positions as needed.

[0029] In a further specific embodiment, the number of groups in the first laser array group 12 There are 4 to 8 groups, and the number of groups in the second laser array group 13 is 4 to 8. There are 3 to 4 groups.

[0030] The first laser array group is used to form a horizontal laser array group, which is used to monitor the vertical velocity of the ball after it is launched horizontally. This embodiment will The reason for setting the number of groups to 4-8 is: when When there are too few data points, it is difficult to guarantee the fitting accuracy and reliability; when At that time, the complexity of the device increases significantly, but the improvement in measurement accuracy is negligible, resulting in a decrease in cost-effectiveness.

[0031] Furthermore, the preferred implementation is underway. This system achieves the best balance between accuracy, cost, and complexity, precisely depicting the acceleration process of an object in the vertical direction and providing extremely rich and reliable data support for verifying the laws of uniformly accelerated motion.

[0032] The second laser array group is used to form a vertical laser array group, which is used to monitor the horizontal velocity of the ball after it has been launched horizontally. .Will Setting the number of groups to 3 to 4 allows for efficient and reliable verification of the "uniform horizontal motion" law with the fewest necessary measurement points.

[0033] Each first laser array group 12 consists of an upper row of laser beam-aiming modules 14 and a lower row of laser beam-aiming modules 15, and each second laser array group 13 consists of a left row of laser beam-aiming modules 16 and a right row of laser beam-aiming modules 17; each row of laser beam-aiming modules consists of... It consists of a pair of laser tubes on the same horizontal or vertical plane. The pair of laser tubes includes a transmitting laser tube and a receiving laser tube (fixed to the corresponding horizontal frame by screws). When the ball falls, it passes between the corresponding transmitting laser tube and the receiving laser tube. Figure 1 The lines between the laser tubes shown in the image are actually the laser optical path.

[0034] In this embodiment, the upper row laser beam targeting module 14 and the lower row laser beam targeting module 15 must be strictly aligned vertically, and the left row laser beam targeting module 16 and the right row laser beam targeting module 17 must be strictly aligned horizontally. Furthermore, the vertical distance between the upper row laser beam targeting module 14 and the lower row laser beam targeting module 15, and the horizontal distance between the left row laser beam targeting module 16 and the right row laser beam targeting module 17 are as follows: This spacing It is the key to ensuring the accuracy of instantaneous velocity values, although The value should be as small as possible, but considering that the timer itself also needs a certain response time, it is necessary to... Choose the largest possible value within the available range to obtain a larger time difference. t, thereby improving timing accuracy.

[0035] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, by allowing each row of laser beam-aiming modules to... The laser tubes are positioned on the same horizontal or vertical plane, forming a redundant detection plane that ensures reliable timing triggering whenever the ball passes through it from any position. When the ball blocks any laser beam in the upper laser array, the high-speed timer for that unit is immediately triggered. When the ball blocks any laser beam in the lower laser array, the timer immediately stops. The instantaneous velocity of the ball as it passes through this laser array can be obtained from the distance between the upper and lower laser planes. This simple structural design cleverly solves the problem of reliable triggering in complex environments, exhibiting high tolerance for the object's motion and path deviation (i.e., it is insensitive to the falling posture of the object, such as tilting or rolling; reliable triggering is possible as long as the projection of the falling object blocks any laser beam), greatly improving the success rate of the experiment.

[0036] In a further specific embodiment, the number of laser pairs in each row of laser beam-beaming modules For at least 4; when When =4, it can cover most areas, but there may be detection blind spots; when When =6, by placing the six laser tubes on both sides of the measurement area, a blind-zone-free detection plane can be established for a 40mm diameter ball within a standard-sized area (e.g., a cross-sectional side length of 200mm), ensuring reliable timing triggering whenever the ball passes through this plane from any position; when While a value greater than 6 can provide higher redundancy, it will significantly increase system cost and complexity, while the marginal benefits of improved reliability are limited.

[0037] The ball collecting device 4 is placed on the bottom support platform 6 to receive the ball 11 after projectile motion.

[0038] In this embodiment, the ball collecting device 4 is a hollow cuboid container with an open top. The bottom of the container's inner cavity can be filled with a sponge or clay to cushion the falling balls.

[0039] The main unit 5 is located outside the test bench 1. The main unit 5 contains a main control processing system, a timer, an automatic release control system electrically connected to the electromagnet automatic release device 2, and a laser array control processing system electrically connected to the double-row laser array speed measuring matrix. The automatic release control system and the laser array control processing system are both electrically connected to the timer and the main control processing system.

[0040] In a further specific embodiment, the electromagnet automatic release device 2 includes an electromagnet 18 (generally a DC traction electromagnet or a solenoid electromagnet) installed on the upper end of the curved part of the ball projectile guide rail 10. The end face of the electromagnet facing the horizontal part is provided with a flat suction surface for adsorbing the ball 11, so as to ensure sufficient contact area and stable adsorption force with the metal ball.

[0041] The electromagnet is electrically connected to the automatic release control system in the main unit via a 4-pin aviation connector. The automatic release control system includes a main control unit and a drive control circuit. The main control unit receives external commands (such as timing signals, manual button signals, or computer commands) and outputs control signals to the drive control circuit to realize the automated process of "attracting-holding-releasing" the small ball on the lower end surface of the electromagnet.

[0042] More specifically, the drive control circuit includes a DC power supply, a switching element, and a freewheeling diode. The switching element is controlled by the main control unit signal to realize the rapid switching of the electromagnet power supply. The freewheeling diode is used to absorb the reverse electromotive force generated by the electromagnet coil when the power is off, protecting the switching element.

[0043] In a further specific embodiment, a vertical scale is provided on the side wall of the vertical frame 7 to measure the falling height of the ball, etc.

[0044] The dual-row laser array velocimetry matrix in this embodiment adopts a modular "smart node" architecture based on a 4-pin aviation connector and an RS-485 bus. An STM32 series microcontroller is used as the main controller, and multiple general-purpose timers are configured in input capture mode to achieve high-precision time interval measurement. Each laser array group is designed as an independent smart node. Each node is connected to the backbone cable via a standardized 4-pin aviation connector. The backbone cable integrates an RS-485 communication bus, power supply, and ground, achieving extremely simple wiring with "one-wire connection and modular plug-and-play."

[0045] In a further specific embodiment, the power supply to the upper row laser beam-beaming module 14 and the lower row laser beam-beaming module 15 in each first laser array group 12, and the left row laser beam-beaming module 16 and the right row laser beam-beaming module 17 in each second laser array group 13, is independently controlled by the software in the laser array control and processing system.

[0046] More specifically, to further enhance the flexibility, fault tolerance, and educational value of the device, this embodiment also adds a programmable laser array selection function. This means that the power supply to the upper and lower rows or left and right rows of laser beam-emitting modules in each laser array can be independently controlled via software. In this way, the user can freely select and activate one or more specific laser array groups through the human-machine interface on the host (i.e., the operation display screen 23). The system will then only power, monitor signals, and process data for the selected laser array group.

[0047] In a further specific embodiment, in order to ensure the levelness of the bottom support platform 6 and to ensure the accuracy of the final experimental data, a level 19 and several base leveling screws 20 are also installed on the bottom support platform 6 of the test bench 1.

[0048] In a further specific embodiment, the host 5 may also be equipped with a host power switch 21, a power indicator light 22, an electromagnet ball static release button, an operation display screen 23 (used to display working simulation, selection of working laser array group, measurement results, etc.), a laser array connection port 24, etc.

[0049] The physical principle underlying this laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system is as follows: Projectile motion can be viewed as the combined motion of uniform linear motion in the horizontal direction and free fall motion in the vertical direction.

[0050] Horizontal displacement: ,in For horizontal displacement, The initial velocity of the projectile is... This refers to the duration of exercise.

[0051] Vertical displacement: ,in For vertical displacement, It is the acceleration due to gravity. This refers to the duration of exercise.

[0052] Horizontal velocity: , Initial velocity of projectile motion Vertical velocity: , This refers to the duration of exercise.

[0053] The changes in an object's horizontal and vertical displacement over time form a parabolic trajectory, which is the trajectory of projectile motion.

[0054] Based on the above principles, this embodiment applies the laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system described above, and further provides a laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis method, including the following steps: S1. Initialization and Triggering: The laser array control and processing system activates the corresponding laser array group on the support frame. The automatic release control system controls the ball to move from rest to release. When the ball falls and blocks the upper row of laser beam-shooting modules in the first laser array group activated below, the timer is triggered to start counting. Specifically, when the system is powered on, the ball is attracted to the fixed release point; the user command triggers the release, and the STM32 enters the listening state; when the ball falls and blocks the upper row of laser beam-beaming modules in the first laser array group in the vertical direction, the resulting interrupt signal is captured by the STM32 and set as the global timing zero point. S2. Data Synchronization Acquisition: When the ball falls and blocks the lower row of laser beam-emitting modules in the first laser array group, the timer captures the signal, thereby obtaining the laser blocking time interval of the first laser array group. The ball continues to fall and passes through a double-row laser array velocity measurement matrix. The timer captures the signal to obtain the laser blocking time interval of each subsequent laser array group. In other words, the STM32 uses its hardware input capture function to independently and accurately record the laser blocking time interval for each subsequent array group. ; S3, Integrated Data Processing and Output Instantaneous velocity calculation: for each laser array group According to the formula Calculate its instantaneous velocity value; Motion trajectory drawing: The main control processing system in the host automatically calculates the preset spatial coordinates of each laser array group. , It is associated with its triggering time. In the coordinate system, points are plotted and connected in real time through smooth connection by algorithm, and an intuitive motion trajectory diagram is generated synchronously. S4. Verification of motion patterns: Horizontal uniform velocity verification: Extract and compare the horizontal velocity components measured by the vertical laser array group. To verify whether the values ​​remain consistent within the error range; Vertical acceleration analysis: Extracting the vertical velocity components measured at different positions of the horizontal laser array group. and its corresponding global time or the height of fall Draw or The relationship curve can clearly show the law of uniform acceleration in the vertical direction.

[0055] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0056] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system, characterized in that, include: The test bench includes a bottom support platform and a support frame mounted on the upper surface of the bottom support platform. The support frame includes two vertical frames arranged in a front-to-back configuration. A first horizontal frame is installed between the left and right sides of each of the two vertical frames, and each column contains a total of There are two rows of first horizontal frames, one on each side; a row of second horizontal frames is installed between the top and bottom of each of the two vertical frames, and each row contains a total of There is a second horizontal frame, and the two rows of second horizontal frames correspond one-to-one; a small ball projectile guide rail with curved and horizontal sections is also installed between the upper left ends of the two vertical frames. An electromagnet automatic release device is installed at the upper end of the curved part of the ball-projectile guide rail to achieve the adsorption, stagnation and automatic release of the ball. The dual-row laser array velocity measurement matrix includes the one corresponding to the one mounted on the first horizontal frame. A first laser array group and a corresponding one mounted on a second horizontal frame. A second laser array group, The first laser array group is activated to form a horizontal laser array group. Each second laser array group is activated to form a vertical laser array group; each first laser array group consists of an upper row of laser beam-aiming modules and a lower row of laser beam-aiming modules, and each second laser array group consists of a left row of laser beam-aiming modules and a right row of laser beam-aiming modules; each row of laser beam-aiming modules consists of... The system consists of laser beam pairs positioned on the same horizontal or vertical plane. Each laser beam pair includes a transmitting laser beam and a receiving laser beam. As the ball falls, it passes between the corresponding transmitting and receiving laser beams. The upper and lower laser beam modules are on the same vertical line, while the left and right laser beam modules are on the same horizontal line. The vertical distance between the upper and lower laser beam modules and the horizontal distance between the left and right laser beam modules are as follows: ; The ball collecting device is placed on the bottom support platform to receive the balls after projectile motion. The main unit is located outside the test bench. Inside the main unit are a main control processing system, a timer, an automatic release control system electrically connected to the electromagnet automatic release device, and a laser array control processing system electrically connected to the double-row laser array speed measuring matrix. The automatic release control system and the laser array control processing system are both electrically connected to the timer and the main control processing system.

2. The laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnet automatic release device includes an electromagnet installed on the upper end of the curved section of the ball-projectile guide rail. The end face of the electromagnet facing the horizontal section is provided with a flat suction surface for attracting the ball. The electromagnet is electrically connected to the automatic release control system, which includes a main control unit and a drive control circuit. The main control unit receives external commands and outputs control signals to the drive control circuit to achieve the attraction, holding, and release of the ball on the lower end face of the electromagnet.

3. The laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical scale is provided on the side wall of the vertical frame.

4. The laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Number of groups in the first laser array group The number of groups in the second laser array group is 4 to 8. There are 3 to 4 groups.

5. The laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Number of laser pairs in each row of laser beam-beam modules There must be at least four.

6. The laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply to the upper and lower laser beam-aiming modules in each first laser array group, as well as the left and right laser beam-aiming modules in each second laser array group, is independently controlled by the software in the laser array control and processing system.

7. The laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A level and several base leveling screws are also installed on the bottom support platform of the test bench.

8. A method for measuring velocity and trajectory analysis of projectile motion using a laser matrix, characterized in that, The laser matrix projectile motion velocity measurement and trajectory analysis system according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: S1. Initialization and Triggering: The laser array control and processing system activates the corresponding laser array group on the support frame. The automatic release control system controls the ball to move from rest to release. When the ball falls and blocks the upper row of laser beam-shooting modules in the first laser array group activated below, the timer is triggered to start counting. S2. Data Synchronization Acquisition: When the ball falls and blocks the lower row of laser beam-emitting modules in the first laser array group, the timer captures the signal, thereby obtaining the laser blocking time interval of the first laser array group. The ball continues to fall and passes through a double-row laser array velocity measurement matrix. The timer captures the signal to obtain the laser blocking time interval of each subsequent laser array group. ; S3, Integrated Data Processing and Output Instantaneous velocity calculation: for each laser array group According to the formula Calculate its instantaneous velocity value; Motion trajectory drawing: The main control processing system in the host automatically calculates the preset spatial coordinates of each laser array group. , It is associated with its triggering time. In the coordinate system, points are plotted and connected in real time through smooth connection by algorithm, and an intuitive motion trajectory diagram is generated synchronously. S4. Verification of motion patterns: Horizontal uniform velocity verification: Extract and compare the horizontal velocity components measured by the vertical laser array group. To verify whether the values ​​remain consistent within the error range; Vertical acceleration analysis: Extracting the vertical velocity components measured at different positions of the horizontal laser array group. and its corresponding global time or the height of fall Draw or Relationship curve.

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