Turning device for gear machining

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of turning, and particularly discloses a turning device for gear machining. A rotation unit; a magnetic unit; an axial pushing unit; a radial expansion unit; a negative pressure unit; and a turning unit. Preliminary adsorption positioning is achieved through the magnetic attraction unit, then the axial abutting and pushing unit applies axial pushing force, meanwhile, the radial expanding and supporting unit is triggered to conduct automatic radial expanding and supporting in the axial abutting and pushing process, uniform internal supporting of the whole circumference of an inner ring is achieved, stress is prevented from being concentrated on a tooth part or a groove area, a tooth shape and a thin-wall structure are protected against damage, and the service life of the tooth shape and the thin-wall structure is prolonged. Meanwhile, microscopic elastic concave deformation caused by traditional radial local rigid clamping is avoided; the radial expanding and supporting unit automatically completes centering of a thin-wall outer gear ring gear and a rotary sleeve while achieving inner supporting, the coaxiality of a workpiece and a rotary axis is ensured, axial run-out and radial micro-motion in the turning process are effectively restrained, and the end face turning planeness is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of turning technology, and more specifically, to a turning apparatus for gear machining. Background Technology

[0002] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 There is a thin-walled external gear 100, which includes a thin-walled annular gear body 110. An inner ring 120 is formed at the center of the thin-walled annular gear body 110. Several arc-shaped grooves 130 are formed circumferentially on the thin-walled annular gear body 110 to reduce the overall weight. A first annular boss 140 and a second annular boss 150 are respectively provided at both ends of the inner ring 120. Now, it is necessary to turn the end face 160 of the thin-walled annular gear body 110 near the first annular boss 140. To protect the tooth profile, a radial expansion mandrel or toothed chuck with an inner hole or tooth root circle for positioning is usually used to clamp the thin-walled external gear 100. Due to the thin-walled feature of the thin-walled external gear 100 superimposed with the arc groove 130 structure, the clamping force acts on a local area of ​​the thin-walled gear ring in the radial direction, which can easily cause the thin-walled external gear 100 to undergo microscopic elastic concave deformation. During turning, the cutting force of the tool will be superimposed on this deformed unnatural state. When the machining is completed and the clamping force is removed, the workpiece elastically recovers, causing the machined end face to spring back and twist, resulting in its flatness and end face runout accuracy exceeding the tolerance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a turning apparatus for gear machining.

[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: This invention discloses a turning apparatus for gear machining, applied to the end face turning of thin-walled external gear rings, comprising: stand; A rotary unit, which is mounted on a frame, includes a rotary seat fixed on the frame and a rotary sleeve rotatably installed in the rotary seat; A magnetic attraction unit is located at one end of the rotating sleeve and is adapted to the second annular boss of the thin-walled external gear ring, which is used to initially attract the thin-walled external gear ring. An axial thrust unit, which is detachably installed at one end of a rotating sleeve, is used to apply axial thrust to the first annular boss of a thin-walled external gear ring. The radial expansion unit is located at one end of the rotary sleeve and between the magnetic suction unit and the axial pushing unit. When the axial pushing unit retracts axially into the rotary sleeve, it triggers the radial expansion unit to expand radially and contact the inner ring of the thin-walled external gear. The negative pressure unit is located at the end of the rotary seat away from the axial pushing unit. It is used to apply negative pressure force to the rotary sleeve to achieve axial contraction of the axial pushing unit. The turning unit, mounted on a bench, is used for end face turning of thin-walled external gear ring clamped at the end of a rotating sleeve.

[0005] As a further aspect of the present invention: the magnetic suction unit includes an annular groove formed at the end of the rotating sleeve, and an annular magnetic suction piece is embedded in the annular groove.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the axial pushing unit includes a pushing rod that is slidably adapted to the rotary sleeve. The end of the pushing rod away from the rotary sleeve is axially provided with a plurality of elastic expansion plates, and a contraction groove is provided between adjacent elastic expansion plates. The end of the elastic expansion plate away from the pushing rod is provided with a fan-shaped pushing plate adapted to the first annular boss.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the radial expansion unit includes an annular flexible expansion airbag disposed at the end of the rotary sleeve, the annular flexible expansion airbag being located within the inner ring of the thin-walled external gear.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: a negative pressure chamber for accommodating the axial pushing unit is provided inside the rotary sleeve, and an air extraction channel is provided at the end of the negative pressure chamber away from the axial pushing unit, and a plug is provided inside the pushing rod.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: the negative pressure unit includes a negative pressure sleeve fixed on a rotary seat, the negative pressure sleeve has an air extraction chamber, one side of the negative pressure sleeve is connected to an air extraction pipe communicating with the air extraction chamber, and one end of the rotary sleeve extending into the air extraction chamber has a plurality of through holes circumferentially provided to communicate the air extraction channels and the air extraction chamber.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the turning unit includes an axial feed member movably mounted on a bench, a radial feed member movably connected to the axial feed member, and a turning part mounted on the radial feed member.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the axial feed component includes an axial slide rail axially fixed to a frame, an axial slide table slidably mounted on the axial slide rail, an axial drive motor fixedly mounted on one side of the axial slide rail, an axial drive screw connected to the output end of the axial drive motor, and the axial drive screw threadedly connected to the axial slide table.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the radial feed member includes a radial slide rail fixed on the axial slide table and distributed perpendicularly to the axial slide rail, a radial slide table slidably mounted on the radial slide rail, a radial drive motor fixedly mounted on one side of the radial slide rail, a radial drive screw connected to the output end of the radial drive motor, and the radial drive screw threadedly connected to the radial slide table.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the turning part includes a mounting bracket fixed on a radial slide, the mounting bracket is provided with a retaining strip, a turning tool is detachably mounted on one end of the retaining strip, a liquid spraying channel is opened in the retaining strip, a liquid inlet is connected to the end of the liquid spraying channel away from the turning tool, a liquid spraying port facing the end face is provided at the end of the liquid spraying channel near the turning tool, and a plurality of through holes are opened in the turning tool.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention achieves initial adsorption and positioning through a magnetic suction unit, followed by an axial pushing unit applying axial thrust, which simultaneously triggers a radial expansion unit to automatically expand radially during the axial pushing process, achieving uniform inner support around the entire circumference of the inner ring. This avoids stress concentration in the tooth or groove area, protects the tooth profile and thin-walled structure from damage, and avoids the micro-elastic concave deformation caused by traditional radial local rigid clamping. While providing internal support, the radial expansion unit automatically aligns the thin-walled external gear ring with the rotary sleeve, ensuring the coaxiality of the workpiece and the axis of rotation. Combined with the axial pressing action of the axial pushing unit, it effectively suppresses axial runout and radial micro-movement during the turning process, thereby effectively improving the flatness and runout accuracy of the end face turning. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing thin-walled external gear ring; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing thin-walled external gear ring from another perspective. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary unit and the negative pressure unit in this invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotary unit in this invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotary sleeve in this invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the axial pushing unit in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the axial pushing unit from another perspective in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the turning unit in this invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the machined part in this invention; Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of the card strip and the cutting tool in this invention.

[0017] In the picture: 100. Thin-walled external gear ring; 110. Thin-walled annular gear body; 120. Inner ring; 130. Arc groove; 140. First annular boss; 150. Second annular boss; 160. End face; 200. Stand; 300. Rotary unit; 310. Rotary seat; 320. Rotary sleeve; 321. Air extraction channel; 322. Through hole; 330. Negative pressure chamber; 400. Magnetic suction unit; 410. Annular slot; 420. Annular magnetic suction piece; 500, Axial pushing unit; 510, Pushing rod; 520, Elastic expansion plate; 530, Contraction groove; 540, Fan-shaped pushing plate; 550, Plug; 600. Radial expansion unit; 610. Annular flexible expansion airbag; 700, Negative pressure unit; 710, Negative pressure sleeve; 720, Air extraction chamber; 730, Air extraction pipe; 800. Turning unit; 810. Axial feed component; 811. Axial slide rail; 812. Axial slide table; 813. Axial drive motor; 814. Axial drive screw; 820. Radial feed component; 821. Radial slide rail; 822. Radial slide table; 823. Radial drive motor; 824. Radial drive screw; 830. Turning part; 831. Mounting bracket; 832. Clamping bar; 833. Turning tool; 834. Liquid spray channel; 835. Liquid inlet; 836. Liquid spray nozzle; 837. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0019] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The present invention discloses a turning device for gear processing, which is applied to the turning of the end face 160 of a thin-walled external gear 100, including a stand 200, a rotary unit 300, a magnetic suction unit 400, an axial pushing unit 500, a radial expansion unit 600, a negative pressure unit 700 and a turning unit 800. Please see Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The rotary unit 300 is mounted on the frame 200 and includes a rotary seat 310 fixed on the frame 200 and a rotary sleeve 320 rotatably mounted within the rotary seat 310. The magnetic attraction unit 400 is located at one end of the rotary sleeve 320 and is adapted to the second annular boss 150 of the thin-walled external gear 100, used for initial attraction of the thin-walled external gear 100. The axial pushing unit 500 is detachably mounted at one end of the rotary sleeve 320 and is used to apply axial thrust to the first annular boss 140 of the thin-walled external gear 100. The radial expansion unit 600 is located at one end of the rotary sleeve 320 and between the magnetic attraction unit 400 and the axial pushing unit 500. Between units 500, when the axial pushing unit 500 retracts axially into the rotary sleeve 320, the radial expansion unit 600 is triggered to expand radially and contact the inner ring 120 of the thin-walled external gear 100, so as to achieve automatic alignment between the thin-walled external gear 100 and the rotary sleeve 320; the negative pressure unit 700 is set at the end of the rotary seat 310 away from the axial pushing unit 500, and is used to apply a negative pressure force to the rotary sleeve 320 to achieve axial retraction of the axial pushing unit 500; the turning unit 800 is set on the stand 200, and is used to perform end face 160 turning on the thin-walled external gear 100 clamped at the end of the rotary sleeve 320; Specifically, the second annular boss 150 of the thin-walled external gear 100 is first axially fastened to the end of the rotary sleeve 320, so that the second annular boss 150 on the thin-walled external gear 100 is just embedded in the magnetic unit 400. The magnetic attraction between the magnetic unit 400 and the second annular boss 150 is used to achieve the initial connection between the thin-walled external gear 100 and the rotary sleeve 320. At the same time, the radial expansion unit 600 is just located in the inner ring 120 of the thin-walled external gear 100. Subsequently, the axial pushing unit 500 passes through the inner ring 120 and radial expansion unit 600 of the thin-walled external gear 100 and is axially inserted into the rotary sleeve 320. The negative pressure unit 700 applies negative pressure suction to the rotary sleeve 320, causing the axial pushing unit 500 to gradually retract into the rotary sleeve 320 under the action of negative pressure. Thus, the axial pushing unit 500 applies axial thrust to the first annular boss 140 of the thin-walled external gear 100, and axially presses and fixes the thin-walled external gear 100 to prevent axial runout of the thin-walled external gear 100 during the turning process, which would affect the turning flatness of the end face 160. While the axial pushing unit 500 pushes the thin-walled external gear 100 axially, the radial expansion unit 600 is triggered to expand radially and to internally support and center the inner ring 120 of the thin-walled external gear 100, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the thin-walled external gear 100 and the rotary sleeve 320, and avoiding the local micro-elastic concave deformation of the thin-walled external gear 100 caused by traditional rigid multi-point radial clamping. Once the thin-walled external gear 100 is clamped, the rotary sleeve 320 drives the thin-walled external gear 100 to rotate synchronously and continuously, and the end face 160 of the thin-walled external gear 100 is machined by the turning unit 800.

[0020] It should be noted that the present invention achieves initial adsorption and positioning through the magnetic suction unit 400, and then the axial pushing unit 500 applies axial thrust, while triggering the radial expansion unit 600 to automatically expand radially during the axial pushing process, thereby achieving uniform inner support for the inner ring 120 around the entire circumference. This avoids stress concentration in the tooth or groove area, protects the tooth shape and thin-walled structure from damage, and avoids the micro-elastic concave deformation caused by traditional radial local rigid clamping. While providing internal support, the radial expansion unit 600 automatically aligns the thin-walled external gear 100 with the rotary sleeve 320, ensuring the coaxiality of the workpiece and the axis of rotation. Combined with the axial pressing action of the axial pushing unit 500, it effectively suppresses axial runout and radial micro-movement during the turning process, thereby effectively improving the flatness and runout accuracy of the end face 160 turning.

[0021] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10The magnetic suction unit 400 includes an annular groove 410 opened at the end of the rotary sleeve 320, and an annular magnetic suction piece 420 is embedded in the annular groove 410. Specifically, when clamping the thin-walled external gear 100, the end of the thin-walled external gear 100 with the second annular boss 150 is facing the rotary sleeve 320 and fastened to the end of the rotary sleeve 320, so that the second annular boss 150 is just inserted into the annular groove 410. The second annular boss 150 is magnetically attracted by the annular magnetic absorbing piece 420, thereby initially fixing the entire thin-walled external gear 100 to the rotary sleeve 320, which facilitates the subsequent assembly of the axial pushing unit 500. In order to ensure that the subsequent radial expansion unit 600 can center and adjust the thin-walled external gear 100, the groove width of the annular groove 410 is greater than the width of the second annular boss 150, so that the thin-walled external gear 100 can have a certain range of adjustment in the radial direction.

[0022] It is worth noting that the magnetic attraction of the second annular boss 150 by the annular magnetic absorbing sheet 420 can quickly adsorb and initially fix the workpiece at the moment of placement, greatly shortening the clamping auxiliary time. The magnetic attraction force is evenly applied to the entire second annular boss 150, which effectively protects the thin-walled structure in the pre-positioning stage and avoids scratches or extrusion deformation that may be caused to the tooth profile, end face or thin-walled wheel body in the pre-positioning stage. By designing the width of the annular slot 410 to be greater than the width of the second annular boss 150, the workpiece retains a controllable small floating gap in the radial direction after being magnetically fixed. This ensures the stability of the workpiece in subsequent operations and provides the necessary displacement space for the automatic alignment and centering adjustment of the radial expansion unit 600.

[0023] Further, please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 The axial pushing unit 500 includes a pushing rod 510 that is slidably adapted to the rotary sleeve 320. The end of the pushing rod 510 away from the rotary sleeve 320 is axially provided with a plurality of elastic expansion plates 520. A contraction groove 530 is provided between adjacent elastic expansion plates 520. The end of the elastic expansion plate 520 away from the pushing rod 510 is provided with a fan-shaped pushing plate 540 adapted to the first annular boss 140. Specifically, the push rod 510 passes through the inner ring 120 of the thin-walled external gear 100 and is axially inserted into the rotary sleeve 320. The negative pressure of the negative pressure unit 700 applies an axial pulling force to the push rod 510, causing each sector-shaped push plate 540 to contact the first annular boss 140 of the thin-walled external gear 100 and push the thin-walled external gear 100 axially, thereby firmly fixing the thin-walled external gear 100 between the rotary sleeve 320 and the sector-shaped push plate 540. When the push rod 510 moves axially, each elastic expansion piece 520 is radially restricted by the rotary sleeve 320, thereby producing a certain amount of radial shrinkage deformation. The gap of the shrinkage groove 530 between adjacent elastic expansion pieces 520 becomes smaller, further improving the connection tightness between the entire axial push unit 500 and the rotary sleeve 320.

[0024] It should be noted that the fan-shaped push plates 540 distributed along the circumference work together on the entire first annular boss 140 to provide a uniformly distributed axial thrust, which effectively avoids workpiece tilting or uneven force that may be caused by single-point or local pressure, and effectively suppresses axial movement during processing. When the negative pressure unit 700 drives the push rod 510 to retract axially, the elastic expansion piece 520 generates radial elastic contraction due to its interaction with the inner wall of the rotary sleeve 320. On the one hand, this reduces the gap of the contraction groove 530 and enhances the overall rigidity. On the other hand, the contracted elastic expansion piece 520 generates greater friction with the inner wall of the rotary sleeve 320, forming a mechanical self-locking mechanism that automatically strengthens with increasing tension, making the clamping state more stable and reliable. The elasticity of the elastic expansion plate 520 itself allows the fan-shaped push plate 540 to absorb minor impacts and vibrations when it contacts and applies pressure to the workpiece, further preventing rigid impacts or local stress concentrations on the thin-walled annular wheel 110 at the moment of clamping.

[0025] Furthermore, please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 The radial expansion unit 600 includes an annular flexible expansion airbag 610 disposed at the end of the rotary sleeve 320, and the annular flexible expansion airbag 610 is located inside the inner ring 120 of the thin-walled external gear 100. Specifically, when the entire axial pushing unit 500 moves axially, each sector-shaped pushing plate 540 can axially compress the annular flexible expanding airbag 610, causing the axial space of the annular flexible expanding airbag 610 to decrease. This forces each area of ​​the annular flexible expanding airbag 610 to undergo uniform radial deformation and expansion until the outer side of the annular flexible expanding airbag 610 is in contact with the inner ring 120 of the thin-walled external gear 100. At the same time, the inner side of the annular flexible expanding airbag 610 is in contact with the outer contour of each elastic expanding plate 520. The radially expanding annular flexible expanding airbag 610 is used to center and adjust the thin-walled external gear 100, thereby ensuring the coaxiality of the thin-walled external gear 100 and the rotating sleeve 320.

[0026] It is worth noting that the uniform radial expansion generated by the annular flexible expansion airbag 610 after axial compression enables its outer surface to fully circumferentially fit with the inner ring 120 of the thin-walled external gear 100. This flexible contact method can adapt to the small shape error of the inner ring 120 and provide a uniformly distributed radial support force, thereby automatically and accurately adjusting the workpiece to a state coaxial with the rotary sleeve 320, fundamentally ensuring the reference accuracy of subsequent turning. The radial expansion of the annular flexible expansion airbag 610 is triggered by the axial movement of the axial pushing unit 500. Compared with traditional rigid expansion cores or chucks, the flexible airbag has a large surface contact with the inner hole surface of the workpiece, and the contact pressure is evenly distributed. This effectively eliminates local micro-depressions caused by multi-point hard contact, protects the surface quality of the inner hole of the thin-walled workpiece, and avoids clamping elastic deformation caused by concentrated stress.

[0027] In yet another embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The rotary sleeve 320 has a negative pressure chamber 330 for accommodating the axial pushing unit 500. The negative pressure chamber 330 is provided with an air extraction channel 321 at one end away from the axial pushing unit 500. The pushing rod 510 is provided with a plug 550. Specifically, when the push rod 510 is inserted into the negative pressure chamber 330, air is drawn from the negative pressure chamber 330 through the air extraction channel 321, thereby generating negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 330. The negative pressure is used to draw in the axial push unit 500. The plug 550 provided in the push rod 510 can seal the end of the negative pressure chamber 330 away from the air extraction channel 321, thereby ensuring that the negative pressure effect in the negative pressure chamber 330 is continuous and effective.

[0028] It is worth noting that negative pressure is generated in the negative pressure chamber 330 through the air extraction channel 321, and atmospheric pressure is used to form a stable axial suction force on the axial pushing unit 500. This negative pressure driving method avoids the problems of oil stains, leakage or pressure pulsation that may exist in traditional hydraulic or pneumatic push rods, and provides a clean, impact-free and linearly controllable driving force for the clamping process, which is particularly suitable for precision machining environments with high cleanliness requirements. The plug 550 is not a fixed seal, but moves axially together with the push rod 510. This ensures that the vacuum at the working end of the negative pressure chamber 330 can be effectively isolated and maintained regardless of the stroke position of the push rod 510. This guarantees the continuous stability and high efficiency of the suction force. The suction force generated by the negative pressure acts directly on the entire rear end of the push rod 510. Combined with the dynamic seal of the plug 550, a closed force-controlled chamber that is adaptively maintained with displacement is formed. The magnitude of the negative pressure can be easily adjusted by an external vacuum source, thereby enabling precise control of the axial clamping force to adapt to thin-walled gears of different specifications or rigidity requirements.

[0029] Further, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The negative pressure unit 700 includes a negative pressure sleeve 710 fixed on the rotary seat 310. The negative pressure sleeve 710 has an air extraction chamber 720 inside. One side of the negative pressure sleeve 710 is connected to an air extraction pipe 730 that communicates with the air extraction chamber 720. The end of the rotary sleeve 320 that extends into the air extraction chamber 720 has several through holes 322 that communicate with the air extraction channels 321 and the air extraction chamber 720. Specifically, an external vacuum pump or other negative pressure equipment is connected to the vacuum pipe 730. The vacuum pipe 730 is used to evacuate the vacuum chamber 720, thereby drawing the gas from the rotating sleeve 320 into the vacuum chamber 720 through the vacuum channel 321 and the through hole 322. Finally, the gas is extracted through the vacuum pipe 730, thus achieving a negative pressure environment in the negative pressure chamber 330. The design of the negative pressure sleeve 710 and the through hole 322 ensures that the rotating sleeve 320 can continuously extract the gas from the negative pressure chamber 330 during rotation, thereby maintaining the stability of the negative pressure effect in the negative pressure chamber 330.

[0030] It should be noted that by setting up a negative pressure sleeve 710 and opening a through hole 322 circumferentially in the rotating sleeve 320, a non-contact dynamic fluid channel is created, so that no matter how the rotating sleeve 320 rotates, its internal air extraction channel 321 can be continuously connected to the external vacuum system through the through hole 322, thereby ensuring that the negative pressure environment in the negative pressure chamber 330 is not affected by the rotational motion, and achieving a stable working state of continuous air extraction during rotation; Gas exchange is achieved solely through the cavity connection between the through hole 322 and the vacuum chamber 720. This contactless and frictionless intermittent gas transmission effectively eliminates the risk of vacuum reduction caused by seal wear. The vacuum chamber 720, as an annular cavity surrounding the rotating sleeve 320, is connected to the interior of the rotating sleeve 320 through the through hole 322, forming a stable and balanced flow-gathering airflow organization. This allows for the rapid and uniform extraction of gas from the negative pressure chamber 330, ensuring that the establishment and release of axial clamping force are rapid and consistent.

[0031] In further embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The turning unit 800 includes an axial feed member 810 movably mounted on the stand 200, a radial feed member 820 movably connected to the axial feed member 810, and a turning member 830 mounted on the radial feed member 820. Please see Figure 13 The axial feed member 810 includes an axial slide rail 811 axially fixed on the frame 200, an axial slide table 812 slidably mounted on the axial slide rail 811, an axial drive motor 813 fixedly mounted on one side of the axial slide rail 811, an axial drive screw 814 connected to the output end of the axial drive motor 813, and the axial drive screw 814 threadedly connected to the axial slide table 812. The radial feed member 820 includes a radial slide rail 821 fixed on the axial slide table 812 and perpendicular to the axial slide rail 811. A radial slide table 822 is slidably mounted on the radial slide rail 821. A radial drive motor 823 is fixedly mounted on one side of the radial slide rail 821. A radial drive screw 824 is connected to the output end of the radial drive motor 823. The radial drive screw 824 is threadedly connected to the radial slide table 822. Specifically, by driving the axial drive screw 814 to rotate via the axial drive motor 813, the axial slide table 812 can be driven to slide axially along the axial slide rail 811, thereby realizing the axial movement of the turned part 830 relative to the thin-walled external gear 100; by driving the radial drive screw 824 to rotate via the radial drive motor 823, the radial slide table 822 can be driven to slide radially along the radial slide rail 821, thereby realizing the radial feed of the turned part 830 relative to the thin-walled external gear 100. The turning part 830 is moved axially to a position flush with the end face 160 of the thin-walled external gear 100 by the axial feed member 810. The thin-walled external gear 100 is continuously rotated by the rotary sleeve 320. Then, the turning part 830 is gradually fed radially by the radial feed member 820, so that the end face 160 of the thin-walled external gear 100 can be turned.

[0032] Further, please refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15The turning part 830 includes a mounting bracket 831 fixed on a radial slide table 822. A retaining strip 832 is provided on the mounting bracket 831. A turning tool 833 is detachably mounted on one end of the retaining strip 832. A liquid spraying channel 834 is opened in the retaining strip 832. A liquid inlet 835 is connected to the end of the liquid spraying channel 834 away from the turning tool 833. A liquid spraying port 836 facing the end face 160 is provided at the end of the liquid spraying channel 834 near the turning tool 833. A plurality of through holes 837 are opened in the turning tool 833. Specifically, an external cutting fluid supply device is connected via the inlet nozzle 835. During the turning process, the cutting fluid enters the spray channel 834 through the inlet nozzle 835, and finally sprays out from the spray nozzle 836 and covers the end face 160 of the thin-walled external gear 100. The cutting fluid lubricates and cools the area being turned on the end face 160. At the same time, the impact effect of the cutting fluid washes away the metal wires generated during turning, preventing the metal wires from getting tangled at the cutting tool 833 and causing defects such as scratches on the end face 160. During the rinsing process, the cutting fluid can also pass through the through hole 837 to penetrate the entire cutting tool 833, thereby cooling and lubricating the cutting tool 833 and further improving the stability of the turning process.

[0033] It is worth noting that by integrating the liquid spray channel 834 inside the card bar 832 and the liquid spray nozzle 836 that is precisely oriented towards the machining area, directional high-pressure spraying of the 160 turning point on the end face is achieved, and the cooling and lubricating fluid is directly delivered to the core area where heat and friction are generated, achieving instant and efficient cooling and lubrication, and effectively suppressing workpiece thermal deformation and tool wear caused by cutting heat. The cutting tool 833 has a through hole 837. After the cutting fluid is sprayed onto the workpiece, it can continue to penetrate the entire tool interior, forming a secondary cooling flow that runs through the tool. This directly removes heat from the tool tip and lubricates the cutting edge, effectively reducing the tool tip temperature and inhibiting the formation of built-up edge, thereby significantly improving tool durability and the stability of the cutting process. The high-pressure cutting fluid ejected from nozzle 836 not only serves as cooling but also acts as a highly efficient physical flushing medium. It can promptly flush away long metal wires generated during turning from the tool tip area, effectively preventing chips from wrapping around the tool or scratching the machined surface, and avoiding defects such as scratches and roughening on the workpiece surface caused by chip interference.

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention, all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. This invention discloses a turning apparatus for gear machining, applied to the turning of the end face (160) of a thin-walled external gear ring (100), characterized in that, include: Stand (200); A rotary unit (300) is mounted on a frame (200) and includes a rotary seat (310) fixed on the frame (200) and a rotary sleeve (320) rotatably mounted in the rotary seat (310). A magnetic unit (400) is disposed at one end of a rotating sleeve (320) and adapted to the second annular boss (150) of a thin-walled external gear (100) for initial adsorption of the thin-walled external gear (100); An axial thrust unit (500) is detachably mounted on one end of a rotary sleeve (320) for applying axial thrust to the first annular boss (140) of a thin-walled external gear ring (100); The radial expansion unit (600) is located at one end of the rotary sleeve (320) and between the magnetic suction unit (400) and the axial pushing unit (500). When the axial pushing unit (500) is axially retracted into the rotary sleeve (320), the radial expansion unit (600) is triggered to radially expand and contact the inner ring (120) of the thin-walled external gear (100). The negative pressure unit (700) is located at the end of the rotary seat (310) away from the axial pushing unit (500) and is used to apply negative pressure force to the rotary sleeve (320) to achieve axial contraction of the axial pushing unit (500); A turning unit (800), which is mounted on a stand (200), is used to perform end face (160) turning on a thin-walled external gear (100) clamped at the end of a rotating sleeve (320).

2. The turning apparatus for gear machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic suction unit (400) includes an annular groove (410) opened at the end of the rotating sleeve (320), and an annular magnetic suction piece (420) is embedded in the annular groove (410).

3. A turning apparatus for gear machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial pushing unit (500) includes a pushing rod (510) that is slidably adapted to the rotary sleeve (320). The end of the pushing rod (510) away from the rotary sleeve (320) is axially provided with a plurality of elastic expansion plates (520). A contraction groove (530) is provided between adjacent elastic expansion plates (520). The end of the elastic expansion plate (520) away from the pushing rod (510) is provided with a fan-shaped pushing plate (540) adapted to the first annular boss (140).

4. A turning apparatus for gear machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial expansion unit (600) includes an annular flexible expansion airbag (610) disposed at the end of the rotary sleeve (320), the annular flexible expansion airbag (610) being located within the inner ring (120) of the thin-walled external gear (100).

5. A turning apparatus for gear machining according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotary sleeve (320) has a negative pressure chamber (330) for accommodating the axial pushing unit (500). The negative pressure chamber (330) is provided with an air extraction channel (321) at the end away from the axial pushing unit (500). The pushing rod (510) is provided with a plug (550).

6. A turning apparatus for gear machining according to claim 5, characterized in that, The negative pressure unit (700) includes a negative pressure sleeve (710) fixed on a rotary seat (310). The negative pressure sleeve (710) has an air extraction chamber (720) inside. One side of the negative pressure sleeve (710) is connected to an air extraction pipe (730) that communicates with the air extraction chamber (720). The end of the rotary sleeve (320) that extends into the air extraction chamber (720) has several through holes (322) circumferentially opened to communicate the air extraction channels (321) and the air extraction chamber (720).

7. A turning apparatus for gear machining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turning unit (800) includes an axial feed member (810) movably mounted on a bench (200), a radial feed member (820) movably connected to the axial feed member (810), and a turning part (830) mounted on the radial feed member (820).

8. A turning apparatus for gear machining according to claim 7, characterized in that, The axial feed component (810) includes an axial slide rail (811) axially fixed on a frame (200), an axial slide table (812) slidably mounted on the axial slide rail (811), an axial drive motor (813) fixedly mounted on one side of the axial slide rail (811), an axial drive screw (814) connected to the output end of the axial drive motor (813), and the axial drive screw (814) threadedly connected to the axial slide table (812).

9. A turning apparatus for gear machining according to claim 8, characterized in that, The radial feed member (820) includes a radial slide rail (821) fixed on the axial slide table (812) and perpendicular to the axial slide rail (811). A radial slide table (822) is slidably mounted on the radial slide rail (821). A radial drive motor (823) is fixedly mounted on one side of the radial slide rail (821). A radial drive screw (824) is connected to the output end of the radial drive motor (823). The radial drive screw (824) is threadedly connected to the radial slide table (822).

10. A turning apparatus for gear machining according to claim 9, characterized in that, The turning part (830) includes a mounting bracket (831) fixed on a radial slide (822). A retaining strip (832) is provided on the mounting bracket (831). A cutting tool (833) is detachably mounted on one end of the retaining strip (832). A liquid spraying channel (834) is provided in the retaining strip (832). A liquid inlet (835) is connected to the end of the liquid spraying channel (834) away from the cutting tool (833). A liquid spraying port (836) facing the end face (160) is provided at the end of the liquid spraying channel (834) near the cutting tool (833). A plurality of through holes (837) are provided in the cutting tool (833).

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