High-temperature-cured ablation-resistant and heat-insulating two-component coating and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-temperature curing ablation-resistant and heat-insulating two-component coating and a preparation process. The coating is composed of A component and B component. The A component comprises modified epoxy resin, liquid butyronitrile rubber, aluminum hydroxide powder, chromium trioxide, high-silica fiber powder, hollow glass microbead and toluene; the B component is a curing agent and a curing accelerator. In the preparation, the aluminum hydroxide powder, the chromium trioxide, the high-silica fiber powder and the hollow glass microbead are made into a filler dispersion liquid; then the epoxy resin and the liquid butyronitrile rubber are made into a resin-rubber mixture; then the filler dispersion liquid is slowly and uniformly added into the resin-rubber mixture under stirring, and the A component is obtained by soaking in a static magnetic field at room temperature and grinding; the curing agent and the curing accelerator are the B component. By optimizing the coating composition, the ablation resistance and the heat-insulating performance of the coating can be obviously improved by coating a single layer, the construction process is simplified, the coating thickness is reduced, and the high-temperature resistance of the coating is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coating technology, specifically relating to a high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating and its preparation process. Background Technology

[0002] In aerospace, military equipment, and high-temperature industrial equipment, the performance requirements for ablation-resistant thermal insulation coatings are extremely stringent. Currently, high-performance solutions often employ multi-layer composite coating systems. While this structure offers excellent performance, it also presents risks such as complex manufacturing processes, long construction cycles, and incompatibility between coating layers due to physicochemical properties, leading to interlayer separation and peeling under thermal shock conditions.

[0003] Regarding curing temperature, most common ablation-resistant heat-insulating coatings are room temperature or medium temperature curing types, with an upper limit of temperature resistance typically not exceeding 600℃. Furthermore, they are prone to cracking, powdering, and peeling under sustained high temperatures or open flame exposure, leading to rapid failure of their protective function. On the other hand, while materials such as carbon / carbon fiber composites and ultra-high temperature ceramics exhibit excellent performance, their extremely high cost, complex manufacturing processes, and high brittleness limit their large-scale engineering applications.

[0004] Patent application CN110982411A discloses a solvent-free, room-temperature curing, ablation-resistant coating, comprising a main paint and a curing agent. The main paint uses a flexible hydroxyl resin system as the film-forming agent, flame-retardant powders such as aluminum hydroxide and antimony trioxide as fillers, and adds various additives and reactive diluents, followed by grinding and dispersion to obtain the main paint. The curing agent consists of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) trimer and aliphatic polyisocyanate prepolymer, which are thoroughly mixed uniformly at a certain mass ratio to obtain the solvent-free, room-temperature curing, ablation-resistant coating. This patent application provides a solvent-free, room-temperature curing, ablation-resistant coating that uses hydroxyl acrylic resin and hydroxyl polyester resin as film-forming agents. The resulting coating is solvent-free, has low volume shrinkage, and is environmentally friendly. However, the high-temperature resistance of this coating is generally poor.

[0005] Therefore, the key to solving the above-mentioned technical problems lies in developing a high-temperature curing coating that is easy to apply, has a low thickness, high ablation resistance, and excellent thermal insulation properties. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating and its preparation process, thereby solving the problems of existing ablation-resistant and heat-insulating coatings requiring multiple layers, complex construction, large thickness, and short ablation resistance life.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating comprises component A and component B. Component A includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts modified epoxy resin, 25-40 parts liquid nitrile rubber, 20-35 parts aluminum hydroxide powder, 1-10 parts chromium trioxide, 5-15 parts high-silica fiber powder, 10-20 parts hollow glass microspheres, and 250-375 parts toluene. Component B consists of a curing agent and a curing accelerator. The modified epoxy resin is obtained by first polymerizing keto acid with acrylonitrile to obtain a rubber material, and then modifying the epoxy resin with the rubber material and yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes.

[0008] Preferably, the specific preparation method of the modified epoxy resin is as follows: (1) First, using tung acid and acrylonitrile as raw materials, emulsion polymerization is carried out to obtain rubber materials; (2) Yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes were prepared using halloysite nanotubes and yttrium nitrate as raw materials; (3) Then, yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes are modified by γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane to obtain modified halloysite nanotubes. The modified halloysite nanotubes and rubber materials are then added to epoxy resin and heated to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0009] Further preferred, the specific method of step (1) is as follows: first, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is dissolved in deionized water by stirring, then tung acid, acrylonitrile and ammonium persulfate are added, stirred and mixed, heated to 40-50°C under nitrogen atmosphere, kept warm and stirred for 5-6 hours, allowed to stand and separate into layers, the upper layer is taken, washed and dried to obtain the rubber material; wherein, the mass ratio of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, deionized water, tung acid, acrylonitrile and ammonium persulfate is 0.3-0.4:70-80:9-10:5-6:0.1-0.2.

[0010] Further preferred, the specific method of step (2) is as follows: first, yttrium nitrate is dissolved in deionized water while stirring, and citric acid aqueous solution is added dropwise while stirring. After the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 50-60 minutes. Then, the pH is adjusted to 7 using concentrated ammonia solution with a mass concentration of 25-28%, halloysite nanotubes are added, and the reaction is carried out by microwave irradiation. After post-treatment, the product is obtained. The mass ratio of yttrium nitrate, deionized water, citric acid aqueous solution and halloysite nanotubes is 2-3:7-8:5-6:1, and the mass concentration of citric acid aqueous solution is 20-30%.

[0011] More preferably, the citric acid aqueous solution is added over a period of 30 to 40 minutes; post-treatment includes centrifugation, washing with water, and vacuum drying.

[0012] A further preferred microwave irradiation reaction condition is: microwave power 600-800W, irradiation for 3-4 minutes, pause for 1 minute, and repeat this cycle until the cumulative irradiation time is 2-3 hours.

[0013] More preferably, in step (3), the modified halloysite nanotubes are prepared by mixing γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:5 to 6, then adding yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes, stirring and reacting at 50 to 60°C for 5 to 7 hours, and then removing the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain the modified halloysite nanotubes; wherein the mass ratio of yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes to γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.5 to 0.7.

[0014] More preferably, in step (3), the mass ratio of modified halloysite nanotubes, rubber material, and epoxy resin is 0.3-0.4:1.5-2.5:10.

[0015] Further preferred heating conditions are: stirring for 5-7 minutes at 80-90℃ and 8000-9000 r / min, and stirring for 8-10 minutes at 150-160℃ and 10000-12000 r / min.

[0016] Preferably, component A further includes 8 to 10 parts of modified cerium oxide hollow spheres.

[0017] More preferably, the modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are obtained by using cerium oxide hollow spheres as raw materials, which are subsequently modified with γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and grafted with branched polyethyleneimine.

[0018] More preferably, the cerium oxide hollow spheres are prepared by the following method: first, nano-sized silica (particle size 200-400 nm) is ultrasonically dispersed in 5-7 times its weight of anhydrous ethanol to obtain a silica dispersion; then, cerium nitrate is added to the silica dispersion and subjected to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres; then, the cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres are coated with glucose to obtain a precursor; finally, the precursor is sintered under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the cerium oxide hollow spheres.

[0019] More preferably, the molar ratio of silicon dioxide, cerium nitrate, and glucose is 1:2-3:2-3.

[0020] More preferably, the hydrothermal reaction conditions are: hydrothermal reaction at 150-170℃ for 6-8 hours; after the hydrothermal reaction is completed, the precipitate is collected by centrifugation, washed with water, and dried to obtain cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres.

[0021] A further preferred method for preparing the precursor is as follows: glucose is prepared into a glucose aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1-2%, cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres are added, and the mixture is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction at 170-180°C for 3-4 hours. After natural cooling to room temperature, the precipitate is collected by centrifugation, washed alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and dried to obtain the precursor. The mass ratio of cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres to glucose aqueous solution is 1:500-600.

[0022] More preferably, the sintering conditions are: sintering at 700-800℃ for 5-6 hours.

[0023] A further preferred method for modifying γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane is as follows: γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane is mixed with anhydrous ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:5 to 6, then cerium oxide hollow spheres are added, and the mixture is stirred and reacted at 50 to 60°C for 5 to 7 hours. The solvent is then removed by rotary evaporation to obtain modified cerium oxide hollow spheres; wherein the mass ratio of cerium oxide hollow spheres to γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.5 to 0.7. The method for grafting and modifying branched polyethyleneimine is as follows: modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are ultrasonically dispersed in chloroform, then branched polyethyleneimine is added, followed by the addition of triethylamine as a catalyst, and the mixture is stirred until homogeneous. Under nitrogen protection, the mixture is heated to 55–60°C, kept at this temperature and stirred for 22–24 hours, and then naturally cooled to room temperature. The mixture is then washed successively with chloroform and ethanol, and dried at 70–80°C. The mass ratio of modified cerium oxide hollow spheres, chloroform, branched polyethyleneimine, and triethylamine is 1:7–8:0.8–0.9:0.02–0.03.

[0024] Preferably, the mass ratio of component A to component B is 90-100:6-13, and the mass ratio of curing agent to curing accelerator is 5-10:1-3.

[0025] Preferably, the curing agent includes anhydride or amine curing agents, and the curing accelerator includes dibutyltin dilaurate.

[0026] More preferably, the curing agent is a mixture of methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride and polyamide curing agent 650 in a mass ratio of 1:0.2-0.3; and the curing accelerator is a mixture of dibutyltin dilaurate and 1-cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazolium in a mass ratio of 1:0.2-0.3.

[0027] The specific steps of the preparation process for the aforementioned high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating are as follows: S1. First, according to the formula composition, aluminum hydroxide powder, chromium trioxide, high silica fiber powder, and hollow glass microspheres are ultrasonically dispersed in half of the formula amount of toluene to obtain a filler dispersion; then, epoxy resin and liquid nitrile rubber are ultrasonically dispersed in the remaining formula amount of toluene to obtain a resin-rubber mixture; then, under stirring conditions, the filler dispersion is uniformly and slowly added to the resin-rubber mixture, soaked at room temperature under static magnetic field conditions, and ground to obtain component A; S2. Curing agent and curing accelerator are used as component B.

[0028] Preferably, in step S1, the feeding time of the filler dispersion is 30 to 40 minutes.

[0029] Preferably, in step S1, the intensity of the static magnetic field is 2-3T, and the immersion time at room temperature is 60-70 hours.

[0030] Further preferred, the mixture is stirred more than three times during the soaking period at room temperature.

[0031] Preferably, in step S1, a three-roll mill is used for grinding. First, the mill is ground 2 to 3 times with a roller gap of 0.5 to 1 mm, and then it is ground 4 to 5 times with a roller gap of 0.05 to 0.1 mm.

[0032] The aforementioned method for using a high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating involves mixing component A and component B evenly, allowing it to stand for 5-10 minutes, then spraying or brushing it onto a cleaned substrate surface, and curing it according to the following procedure: (a) Curing at 55–70°C for 3–4 hours; (b) Curing at 100–110°C for 6–8 hours; (c) Curing at 120-130℃ for 5-7 hours.

[0033] Preferably, the matrix material is metal or glass fiber.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating and its preparation process. The coating consists of component A and component B: component A includes modified epoxy resin, liquid nitrile rubber, aluminum hydroxide powder, chromium trioxide, high-silica fiber powder, hollow glass microspheres, toluene, etc.; component B consists of a curing agent and a curing accelerator. In preparation, aluminum hydroxide powder, chromium trioxide, high-silica fiber powder, and hollow glass microspheres are first prepared into a filler dispersion; then, epoxy resin and liquid nitrile rubber are prepared into a resin-rubber mixture; then, under stirring conditions, the filler dispersion is uniformly and slowly added to the resin-rubber mixture, and the mixture is soaked and ground at room temperature under a static magnetic field to obtain component A; the curing agent and curing accelerator are component B. This invention, by optimizing the coating composition, achieves significant improvements in ablation resistance and heat insulation performance with only a single layer, simplifies the construction process, reduces coating thickness, and improves the high-temperature resistance of the coating.

[0035] This invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention does not require multiple coating layers, has a simple construction process, and the coating thickness can be controlled between 0.5 and 2 mm, which significantly reduces the structural weight, meets the requirements for lightweight equipment, and is fully compatible with the lightweight requirements of aerospace, weaponry and other fields. At the same time, it reduces the amount of coating material used and lowers costs.

[0036] 2. The polymer components of this invention are modified epoxy resin and liquid nitrile rubber. The modified epoxy resin is obtained by first polymerizing keto acid with acrylonitrile to obtain a rubber material, and then modifying the epoxy resin with the rubber material and yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes. It has excellent high-temperature stability and bonding strength. After high-temperature curing, it forms a dense cross-linked structure, which effectively improves the ablation resistance of the coating.

[0037] 3. This invention improves thermal insulation performance by blocking heat transfer through hollow glass microspheres and yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes in modified epoxy resin.

[0038] 4. The curing agent is a mixture of methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride and polyamide curing agent 650; the curing accelerator is a mixture of dibutyltin dilaurate and 1-cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazolium. Optimization of the composition of the curing agent and curing accelerator promotes curing and further improves the coating performance. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-temperature curing ablation-resistant heat insulation coating of the present invention; in the figure, (1) - substrate, (2) - high-temperature curing ablation-resistant coating (thickness 0.5~2mm, directly attached to the surface of the substrate); the figure is used to show the coating state. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Epoxy resin, brand name E-44, purchased from Shandong Duoju Chemical Co., Ltd. Liquid nitrile rubber, grade SH-820, was purchased from Dongguan Shenghao Plastic Raw Materials Co., Ltd. High-silica fiber powder (silane modified, particle size 300 mesh), purchased from Donghai County Fucai Mineral Products Co., Ltd. Chromium trioxide, 200 mesh particle size, purchased from Sichuan Xinjinchun Metal Materials Co., Ltd. Aluminum hydroxide powder, 200 mesh particle size, purchased from Shandong Anquan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. Hollow glass microspheres, 600 mesh in diameter, were purchased from Shijiazhuang Chaowei New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. 1-Cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, purchased from Nanjing Bermuda Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Branched polyethyleneimine, purchased from Wuhan Kemic Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., with a molecular weight of 25,000.

[0042] Example 1 A high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating is composed of component A and component B. Component A includes the following raw materials: 15 kg of modified epoxy resin, 25 kg of liquid nitrile rubber, 20 kg of aluminum hydroxide powder, 1 kg of chromium trioxide, 5 kg of high-silica fiber powder, 10 kg of hollow glass microspheres, 8 kg of modified cerium oxide hollow spheres, and 250 kg of toluene. Component B consists of a curing agent and a curing accelerator. The specific preparation method of modified epoxy resin is as follows: (1) First, using tung acid and acrylonitrile as raw materials, emulsion polymerization is carried out to obtain rubber materials; (2) Yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes were prepared using halloysite nanotubes and yttrium nitrate as raw materials; (3) Then, yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes are modified by γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane to obtain modified halloysite nanotubes. The modified halloysite nanotubes and rubber materials are then added to epoxy resin and heated to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0043] The specific method of step (1) is as follows: first, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is dissolved in deionized water by stirring, then tung acid, acrylonitrile and ammonium persulfate are added, stirred and mixed, heated to 40°C under nitrogen atmosphere, kept warm and stirred for 5 hours, allowed to stand and separate into layers, the upper layer is taken, washed and dried to obtain the rubber material; wherein, the mass ratio of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, deionized water, tung acid, acrylonitrile and ammonium persulfate is 0.3:70:9:5:0.1.

[0044] The specific method of step (2) is as follows: first, yttrium nitrate is dissolved in deionized water while stirring, and citric acid aqueous solution is added dropwise while stirring. After the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 50 minutes. Then, the pH is adjusted to 7 using 25% concentrated ammonia water, halloysite nanotubes are added, and the reaction is carried out by microwave irradiation. After post-treatment, the product is obtained. The mass ratio of yttrium nitrate, deionized water, citric acid aqueous solution and halloysite nanotubes is 2:7:5:1, and the mass concentration of citric acid aqueous solution is 20%.

[0045] The citric acid aqueous solution was added over a period of 30 minutes; post-treatment included centrifugation, washing with water, and vacuum drying.

[0046] The microwave irradiation reaction conditions are: microwave power 600W, irradiation for 3 minutes, pause for 1 minute, and repeat this cycle until the cumulative irradiation time is 2 hours.

[0047] In step (3), the modified halloysite nanotubes are prepared by mixing γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:5, then adding yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes, stirring and reacting at 50°C for 5 hours, and then removing the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain the modified halloysite nanotubes; wherein, the mass ratio of yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes to γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.5.

[0048] In step (3), the mass ratio of modified halloysite nanotubes, rubber material and epoxy resin is 0.3:1.5:10.

[0049] The heat treatment conditions were: stirring for 5 minutes at 80℃ and 8000r / min, and stirring for 8 minutes at 150℃ and 10000r / min.

[0050] Modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are obtained by using cerium oxide hollow spheres as raw materials, and successively modifying them with γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and grafting them with branched polyethyleneimine.

[0051] Cerium oxide hollow spheres were prepared by the following method: first, nano-sized silica (particle size 200 nm) was ultrasonically dispersed in anhydrous ethanol at 5 times its weight to obtain a silica dispersion; then, cerium nitrate was added to the silica dispersion and subjected to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres; then, the cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres were coated with glucose to obtain a precursor; finally, the precursor was sintered under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the cerium oxide hollow spheres.

[0052] The molar ratio of silicon dioxide, cerium nitrate, and glucose is 1:2:2.

[0053] The hydrothermal reaction conditions were: 150℃ for 6 hours; after the hydrothermal reaction was completed, the precipitate was collected by centrifugation, washed with water, and dried to obtain cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres.

[0054] The precursor was prepared by: preparing a 1% glucose aqueous solution, adding cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres, hydrothermally reacting at 170℃ for 3 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging to collect the precipitate, washing alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and drying to obtain the precursor; wherein the mass ratio of cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres to glucose aqueous solution was 1:500.

[0055] The sintering conditions were: sintering at 700℃ for 5 hours.

[0056] The modification method of γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is as follows: γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol are mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 1:5. Then, cerium oxide hollow spheres are added, and the mixture is stirred and reacted at 50°C for 5 hours. The solvent is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain modified cerium oxide hollow spheres. The mass ratio of cerium oxide hollow spheres to γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.5. The method for grafting and modifying branched polyethyleneimine is as follows: modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are ultrasonically dispersed in chloroform, then branched polyethyleneimine is added, followed by the addition of triethylamine as a catalyst, and the mixture is stirred until homogeneous. Under nitrogen protection, the mixture is heated to 55°C, kept at that temperature and stirred for 22 hours, and then naturally cooled to room temperature. It is then washed successively with chloroform and ethanol, and dried at 70°C. The mass ratio of modified cerium oxide hollow spheres, chloroform, branched polyethyleneimine, and triethylamine is 1:7:0.8:0.02.

[0057] The mass ratio of component A, curing agent, and curing accelerator is 90:5:1.

[0058] The curing agent is obtained by mixing methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride and polyamide curing agent 650 at a mass ratio of 1:0.2; the curing accelerator is obtained by mixing dibutyltin dilaurate and 1-cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazolium at a mass ratio of 1:0.2.

[0059] The specific steps of the preparation process for the aforementioned high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating are as follows: S1. First, according to the formula composition, aluminum hydroxide powder, chromium trioxide, high silica fiber powder, hollow glass microspheres, and modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are ultrasonically dispersed in half of the formula amount of toluene to obtain a filler dispersion; then, epoxy resin and liquid nitrile rubber are ultrasonically dispersed in the remaining formula amount of toluene to obtain a resin-rubber mixture; then, under stirring conditions, the filler dispersion is uniformly and slowly added to the resin-rubber mixture, soaked at room temperature under static magnetic field conditions, and ground to obtain component A; S2. Curing agent and curing accelerator are used as component B.

[0060] In step S1, the feeding time of the filler dispersion is 30 minutes.

[0061] In step S1, the intensity of the static magnetic field is 2T, and the immersion time at room temperature is 60 hours.

[0062] Stir more than three times during the soaking period at room temperature.

[0063] In step S1, a three-roll mill is used for grinding. First, the mill is ground twice with a roller gap of 0.5 mm, and then it is ground four times with a roller gap of 0.05 mm.

[0064] Example 2 A high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating comprises component A and component B. Component A includes the following raw materials: 30 kg of modified epoxy resin, 40 kg of liquid nitrile rubber, 35 kg of aluminum hydroxide powder, 10 kg of chromium trioxide, 15 kg of high-silica fiber powder, 20 kg of hollow glass microspheres, 10 kg of modified cerium oxide hollow spheres, and 375 kg of toluene. Component B consists of a curing agent and a curing accelerator. The specific preparation method of modified epoxy resin is as follows: (1) First, using tung acid and acrylonitrile as raw materials, emulsion polymerization is carried out to obtain rubber materials; (2) Yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes were prepared using halloysite nanotubes and yttrium nitrate as raw materials; (3) Then, yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes are modified by γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane to obtain modified halloysite nanotubes. The modified halloysite nanotubes and rubber materials are then added to epoxy resin and heated to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0065] The specific method of step (1) is as follows: first, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is dissolved in deionized water by stirring, then tung acid, acrylonitrile and ammonium persulfate are added, stirred and mixed, heated to 50°C under nitrogen atmosphere, kept warm and stirred for 6 hours, allowed to stand and separate into layers, the upper layer is taken, washed and dried to obtain the rubber material; wherein, the mass ratio of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, deionized water, tung acid, acrylonitrile and ammonium persulfate is 0.4: 80: 10: 6: 0.2.

[0066] The specific method of step (2) is as follows: first, yttrium nitrate is dissolved in deionized water while stirring, and citric acid aqueous solution is added dropwise while stirring. After the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 60 minutes. Then, the pH is adjusted to 7 using 28% concentrated ammonia water, halloysite nanotubes are added, and the reaction is carried out by microwave irradiation. After post-treatment, the product is obtained. The mass ratio of yttrium nitrate, deionized water, citric acid aqueous solution and halloysite nanotubes is 3: 8: 6: 1, and the mass concentration of citric acid aqueous solution is 30%.

[0067] The citric acid aqueous solution was added over a period of 40 minutes; post-treatment included centrifugation, washing with water, and vacuum drying.

[0068] The microwave irradiation reaction conditions are as follows: microwave power 800W, irradiation for 4 minutes, pause for 1 minute, and repeat this cycle until the cumulative irradiation time is 3 hours.

[0069] In step (3), the modified halloysite nanotubes are prepared by mixing γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:6, then adding yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes, stirring and reacting at 60°C for 7 hours, and then removing the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain the modified halloysite nanotubes; wherein, the mass ratio of yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes to γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.7.

[0070] In step (3), the mass ratio of modified halloysite nanotubes, rubber material, and epoxy resin is 0.4: 2.5: 10.

[0071] The heat treatment conditions were: stirring at 90℃ and 9000r / min for 7 minutes, and stirring at 160℃ and 12000r / min for 10 minutes.

[0072] Modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are obtained by using cerium oxide hollow spheres as raw materials, and successively modifying them with γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and grafting them with branched polyethyleneimine.

[0073] Cerium oxide hollow spheres were prepared by the following method: first, nano-sized silica (particle size 400 nm) was ultrasonically dispersed in anhydrous ethanol at 7 times its weight to obtain a silica dispersion; then, cerium nitrate was added to the silica dispersion and subjected to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres; then, the cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres were coated with glucose to obtain a precursor; finally, the precursor was sintered under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the cerium oxide hollow spheres.

[0074] The molar ratio of silicon dioxide, cerium nitrate, and glucose is 1:3:3.

[0075] The hydrothermal reaction conditions were: 170℃ for 8 hours; after the hydrothermal reaction was completed, the precipitate was collected by centrifugation, washed with water, and dried to obtain cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres.

[0076] The precursor was prepared by: preparing a 2% glucose aqueous solution, adding cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres, hydrothermally reacting at 180℃ for 4 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging to collect the precipitate, washing alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and drying to obtain the precursor; wherein the mass ratio of cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres to glucose aqueous solution was 1:600.

[0077] The sintering conditions were: sintering at 800℃ for 6 hours.

[0078] The modification method of γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is as follows: γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol are mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 1:6. Then, cerium oxide hollow spheres are added, and the mixture is stirred and reacted at 60°C for 7 hours. The solvent is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain modified cerium oxide hollow spheres. The mass ratio of cerium oxide hollow spheres to γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.7. The method for grafting and modifying branched polyethyleneimine is as follows: modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are ultrasonically dispersed in chloroform, then branched polyethyleneimine is added, followed by the addition of triethylamine as a catalyst, and the mixture is stirred until homogeneous. Under nitrogen protection, the mixture is heated to 60°C, stirred for 24 hours, and then naturally cooled to room temperature. It is then washed successively with chloroform and ethanol, and dried at 80°C. The mass ratio of modified cerium oxide hollow spheres, chloroform, branched polyethyleneimine, and triethylamine is 1: 8: 0.9: 0.03.

[0079] The mass ratio of component A, curing agent, and curing accelerator is 100: 10: 3.

[0080] The curing agent is obtained by mixing methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride and polyamide curing agent 650 at a mass ratio of 1:0.3; the curing accelerator is obtained by mixing dibutyltin dilaurate and 1-cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazolium at a mass ratio of 1:0.3.

[0081] The specific steps of the preparation process for the aforementioned high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating are as follows: S1. First, according to the formula composition, aluminum hydroxide powder, chromium trioxide, high silica fiber powder, hollow glass microspheres, and modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are ultrasonically dispersed in half of the formula amount of toluene to obtain a filler dispersion; then, epoxy resin and liquid nitrile rubber are ultrasonically dispersed in the remaining formula amount of toluene to obtain a resin-rubber mixture; then, under stirring conditions, the filler dispersion is uniformly and slowly added to the resin-rubber mixture, soaked at room temperature under static magnetic field conditions, and ground to obtain component A; S2. Curing agent and curing accelerator are used as component B.

[0082] In step S1, the feeding time of the filler dispersion is 40 minutes.

[0083] In step S1, the intensity of the static magnetic field is 3T, and the immersion time at room temperature is 70 hours.

[0084] Stir more than three times during the soaking period at room temperature.

[0085] In step S1, a three-roll mill is used for grinding. First, the mill is ground 3 times with a roller gap of 1 mm, and then it is ground 5 times with a roller gap of 0.1 mm.

[0086] Example 3 A high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating is composed of component A and component B. Component A includes the following raw materials: 22 kg of modified epoxy resin, 28 kg of liquid nitrile rubber, 25 kg of aluminum hydroxide powder, 8 kg of chromium trioxide, 8 kg of high-silica fiber powder, 15 kg of hollow glass microspheres, 9 kg of modified cerium oxide hollow spheres, and 300 kg of toluene. Component B consists of a curing agent and a curing accelerator. The specific preparation method of modified epoxy resin is as follows: (1) First, using tung acid and acrylonitrile as raw materials, emulsion polymerization is carried out to obtain rubber materials; (2) Yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes were prepared using halloysite nanotubes and yttrium nitrate as raw materials; (3) Then, yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes are modified by γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane to obtain modified halloysite nanotubes. The modified halloysite nanotubes and rubber materials are then added to epoxy resin and heated to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0087] The specific method of step (1) is as follows: First, dissolve sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in deionized water by stirring. Then, add tung acid, acrylonitrile and ammonium persulfate, stir and mix well, heat to 45°C under nitrogen atmosphere, keep warm and stir for 5 hours, let stand and separate into layers, take the upper layer, wash and dry to obtain the rubber material; wherein, the mass ratio of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, deionized water, tung acid, acrylonitrile and ammonium persulfate is 0.35:75:9.5:5.5:0.15.

[0088] The specific method of step (2) is as follows: first, yttrium nitrate is dissolved in deionized water while stirring, and citric acid aqueous solution is added dropwise while stirring. After the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 55 minutes. Then, the pH is adjusted to 7 using 27% concentrated ammonia water, halloysite nanotubes are added, and the reaction is carried out by microwave irradiation. After post-treatment, the product is obtained. The mass ratio of yttrium nitrate, deionized water, citric acid aqueous solution and halloysite nanotubes is 2.5:7.5:5.5:1, and the mass concentration of citric acid aqueous solution is 25%.

[0089] The citric acid aqueous solution was added over a period of 35 minutes; post-treatment included centrifugation, washing with water, and vacuum drying.

[0090] The microwave irradiation reaction conditions are: microwave power 750W, irradiation for 3 minutes, pause for 1 minute, and repeat this cycle until the cumulative irradiation time is 2 hours.

[0091] In step (3), the modified halloysite nanotubes are prepared by mixing γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:5, then adding yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes, stirring and reacting at 55°C for 6 hours, and removing the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain the modified halloysite nanotubes; wherein, the mass ratio of yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes to γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.6.

[0092] In step (3), the mass ratio of modified halloysite nanotubes, rubber material, and epoxy resin is 0.35:2:10.

[0093] The heat treatment conditions were: stirring at 85℃ and 9000r / min for 6 minutes, and stirring at 155℃ and 11000r / min for 9 minutes.

[0094] Modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are obtained by using cerium oxide hollow spheres as raw materials, and successively modifying them with γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and grafting them with branched polyethyleneimine.

[0095] Cerium oxide hollow spheres are prepared by the following method: First, nano-sized silica (particle size 300 nm) is ultrasonically dispersed in 6 times its weight of anhydrous ethanol to obtain a silica dispersion; then, cerium nitrate is added to the silica dispersion and a hydrothermal reaction is carried out to obtain cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres; then, glucose is used to coat the cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres to obtain a precursor; finally, the precursor is sintered under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the cerium oxide hollow spheres.

[0096] The molar ratio of silicon dioxide, cerium nitrate, and glucose is 1:2.5:2.5.

[0097] The hydrothermal reaction conditions were: hydrothermal reaction at 160℃ for 7 hours; after the hydrothermal reaction was completed, the precipitate was collected by centrifugation, washed with water, and dried to obtain cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres.

[0098] The precursor was prepared by: preparing a 1.5% glucose aqueous solution, adding cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres, hydrothermally reacting at 175°C for 3 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging to collect the precipitate, washing alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and drying to obtain the precursor; wherein the mass ratio of cerium oxide-coated silica microspheres to glucose aqueous solution was 1:550.

[0099] The sintering conditions were: sintering at 750℃ for 6 hours.

[0100] The modification method of γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is as follows: γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol are mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 1:5, then cerium oxide hollow spheres are added, and the mixture is stirred and reacted at 55°C for 6 hours. The solvent is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain modified cerium oxide hollow spheres; wherein the mass ratio of cerium oxide hollow spheres to γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.6. The method for grafting and modifying branched polyethyleneimine is as follows: modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are ultrasonically dispersed in chloroform, then branched polyethyleneimine is added, followed by the addition of triethylamine as a catalyst, and the mixture is stirred until homogeneous. Under nitrogen protection, the mixture is heated to 58°C, stirred for 23 hours, and then naturally cooled to room temperature. It is then washed successively with chloroform and ethanol, and dried at 75°C. The mass ratio of modified cerium oxide hollow spheres, chloroform, branched polyethyleneimine, and triethylamine is 1:7.5:0.85:0.025.

[0101] The mass ratio of component A, curing agent, and curing accelerator is 95:8:2.

[0102] The curing agent is a mixture of methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride and polyamide curing agent 650 at a mass ratio of 1:0.25; the curing accelerator is a mixture of dibutyltin dilaurate and 1-cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazolium at a mass ratio of 1:0.25.

[0103] The specific steps of the preparation process for the aforementioned high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating are as follows: S1. First, according to the formula composition, aluminum hydroxide powder, chromium trioxide, high silica fiber powder, hollow glass microspheres, and modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are ultrasonically dispersed in half of the formula amount of toluene to obtain a filler dispersion; then, epoxy resin and liquid nitrile rubber are ultrasonically dispersed in the remaining formula amount of toluene to obtain a resin-rubber mixture; then, under stirring conditions, the filler dispersion is uniformly and slowly added to the resin-rubber mixture, soaked at room temperature under static magnetic field conditions, and ground to obtain component A; S2. Curing agent and curing accelerator are used as component B.

[0104] In step S1, the feeding time of the filler dispersion is 35 minutes.

[0105] In step S1, the intensity of the static magnetic field is 2T, and the immersion time at room temperature is 65 hours.

[0106] Stir more than three times during the soaking period at room temperature.

[0107] In step S1, a three-roll mill is used for grinding. First, the mill is ground 3 times with a roller gap of 0.5 mm, and then it is ground 5 times with a roller gap of 0.1 mm.

[0108] Comparative Example 1 The specific preparation method of modified epoxy resin is as follows: (1) First, using tung acid and acrylonitrile as raw materials, emulsion polymerization is carried out to obtain rubber materials; (2) Then the rubber material is added to the epoxy resin and heated to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0109] The specific method of step (1) is as follows: first, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is dissolved in deionized water by stirring, then tung acid, acrylonitrile and ammonium persulfate are added, stirred and mixed, heated to 40°C under nitrogen atmosphere, kept warm and stirred for 5 hours, allowed to stand and separate into layers, the upper layer is taken, washed and dried to obtain the rubber material; wherein, the mass ratio of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, deionized water, tung acid, acrylonitrile and ammonium persulfate is 0.3:70:9:5:0.1.

[0110] In step (2), the mass ratio of rubber material to epoxy resin is 1.5:10.

[0111] The heat treatment conditions were: stirring for 5 minutes at 80℃ and 8000r / min, and stirring for 8 minutes at 150℃ and 10000r / min.

[0112] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0113] Comparative Example 2 The specific preparation method of modified epoxy resin is as follows: (1) Yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes were first prepared using halloysite nanotubes and yttrium nitrate as raw materials; (2) Then, the yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes are modified by γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane to obtain modified halloysite nanotubes. The modified halloysite nanotubes are then added to epoxy resin and heated to obtain the modified epoxy resin.

[0114] The specific method of step (1) is as follows: first, yttrium nitrate is dissolved in deionized water while stirring, and citric acid aqueous solution is added dropwise while stirring. After the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 50 minutes. Then, the pH is adjusted to 7 using 25% concentrated ammonia water, halloysite nanotubes are added, and the reaction is carried out by microwave irradiation. After post-treatment, the product is obtained. The mass ratio of yttrium nitrate, deionized water, citric acid aqueous solution and halloysite nanotubes is 2:7:5:1, and the mass concentration of citric acid aqueous solution is 20%.

[0115] The citric acid aqueous solution was added over a period of 30 minutes; post-treatment included centrifugation, washing with water, and vacuum drying.

[0116] The microwave irradiation reaction conditions are: microwave power 600W, irradiation for 3 minutes, pause for 1 minute, and repeat this cycle until the cumulative irradiation time is 2 hours.

[0117] In step (2), the modified halloysite nanotubes are prepared by mixing γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and anhydrous ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:5, then adding yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes, stirring and reacting at 50°C for 5 hours, and then removing the solvent by rotary evaporation to obtain the modified halloysite nanotubes; wherein the mass ratio of yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes to γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is 1:0.5.

[0118] In step (2), the mass ratio of modified halloysite nanotubes to epoxy resin is 0.3:10.

[0119] The heat treatment conditions were: stirring for 5 minutes at 80℃ and 8000r / min, and stirring for 8 minutes at 150℃ and 10000r / min.

[0120] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0121] Comparative Example 3 The modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are omitted. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0122] Comparative Example 4 1-Cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazolium is omitted from the curing accelerator; The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0123] Comparative Example 5 The magnetic field condition was omitted during preparation. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0124] Test case The coatings obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were respectively brushed onto the surface of stainless steel pipes. The specific method was as follows: Component A and Component B were mixed evenly, allowed to stand for 5-10 minutes, and then brushed onto the cleaned outer surface of the stainless steel pipe (inner diameter 10cm, wall thickness 1mm). The mixture was then cured according to the following procedure to form a 0.5mm thick coating, yielding samples. Figure 1 ): (a) Curing at 60°C for 3 hours; (b) Curing at 105℃ for 7 hours; (c) Curing at 125℃ for 6 hours.

[0125] The coating's resistance to ablation, thermal insulation, and heat resistance were tested. Ablation resistance: An oxy-acetylene flame ablation test was conducted to detect the linear ablation rate. The test duration was 10 seconds. Specific test conditions are as follows: Oxygen, pressure 0.30 MPa, flow rate 14.2 L / min; Acetylene, pressure 0.09 MPa, flow rate 10.5 L / min; Heat flux density 1000kW / m 2 ; Nozzle diameter 2mm; The ablation distance is 50mm.

[0126] Thermal insulation performance: The sample was placed in a sealed box and irradiated with a 250W incandescent lamp for 5 hours. The temperature of the inner wall (central position) of the sample was tested and displayed using a temperature sensor and a temperature display. The lower the temperature of the inner wall of the sample, the better the thermal insulation performance.

[0127] Heat resistance: Refer to GB / T1735-2009 "Determination of heat resistance of paints and varnishes", test the heat resistance (700℃, 150h).

[0128] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0129] Table 1. Coating performance test As shown in Table 1, the coatings obtained in Examples 1 to 3, after being cured at high temperature, form a coating with excellent ablation resistance, heat insulation performance and heat resistance.

[0130] Comparative Example 1, with its modified epoxy resin, was obtained solely through modification with rubber materials. Comparative Example 2, with its modified epoxy resin, was obtained solely through modification with yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes. Comparative Example 3 omitted modified cerium oxide hollow spheres. Comparative Example 4 omitted 1-cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole as the curing accelerator. Comparative Example 5, with its static magnetic field condition omitted during preparation, exhibited significantly worse ablation resistance, thermal insulation performance, and heat resistance. This indicates that the specific composition of the coating and adjustments to the preparation process parameters can affect the coating's performance, leading to a deterioration in various aspects. The thermal insulation performance of Comparative Examples 1 and 3 showed a particularly significant decline, suggesting that yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes and modified cerium oxide hollow spheres can synergistically improve thermal insulation performance in conjunction with hollow glass microspheres.

[0131] The present invention has been illustrated through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvements to the present invention, equivalent substitutions of individual raw materials in the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating, characterized in that, It consists of component A and component B: component A includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts modified epoxy resin, 25-40 parts liquid nitrile rubber, 20-35 parts aluminum hydroxide powder, 1-10 parts chromium trioxide, 5-15 parts high-silica fiber powder, 10-20 parts hollow glass microspheres, and 250-375 parts toluene; component B is a curing agent and a curing accelerator. The specific preparation method of the modified epoxy resin is as follows: (1) First, using tung acid and acrylonitrile as raw materials, emulsion polymerization is carried out to obtain rubber materials; (2) Yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes were prepared using halloysite nanotubes and yttrium nitrate as raw materials; (3) Then, yttrium-doped halloysite nanotubes are modified by γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane to obtain modified halloysite nanotubes. The modified halloysite nanotubes and rubber materials are then added to epoxy resin and heated to obtain the modified epoxy resin. The specific reaction of step (1) is as follows: first, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is stirred and dissolved in deionized water, then tung acid, acrylonitrile and ammonium persulfate are added, stirred and mixed, heated to 40-50°C under nitrogen atmosphere, kept warm and stirred for 5-6 hours, allowed to stand and separate into layers, the upper layer is taken, washed and dried to obtain the rubber material. Component A further includes 8 to 10 parts of modified cerium oxide hollow spheres; the modified cerium oxide hollow spheres are obtained by using cerium oxide hollow spheres as raw materials, and successively modifying them with γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane and grafting them with branched polyethyleneimine.

2. The high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, deionized water, tung oil acid, acrylonitrile, and ammonium persulfate is 0.3–0.4: 70–80: 9–10: 5–6: 0.1–0.

2.

3. The high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific reaction in step (2) is as follows: first, yttrium nitrate is dissolved in deionized water while stirring, and citric acid aqueous solution is added dropwise while stirring. After the addition is complete, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 50-60 minutes. Then, the pH is adjusted to 7 using concentrated ammonia solution with a mass concentration of 25-28%, halloysite nanotubes are added, and the reaction is carried out by microwave irradiation. After post-treatment, the product is obtained. The mass ratio of yttrium nitrate, deionized water, citric acid aqueous solution, and halloysite nanotubes is 2-3:7-8:5-6:1, and the mass concentration of citric acid aqueous solution is 20-30%.

4. The high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of component A to component B is 90–100:6–13, and the mass ratio of curing agent to curing accelerator is 5–10:1–3.

5. The high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curing agent includes anhydride or amine curing agents, and the curing accelerator includes dibutyltin dilaurate.

6. The preparation process of the high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S1. First, according to the formula composition, aluminum hydroxide powder, chromium trioxide, high silica fiber powder, and hollow glass microspheres are ultrasonically dispersed in half of the formula amount of toluene to obtain a filler dispersion; then, modified epoxy resin and liquid nitrile rubber are ultrasonically dispersed in the remaining formula amount of toluene to obtain a resin-rubber mixture; then, under stirring conditions, the filler dispersion is uniformly and slowly added to the resin-rubber mixture, soaked at room temperature under static magnetic field conditions, and ground to obtain component A; S2. Curing agent and curing accelerator are used as component B.

7. The preparation process according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the feeding time of the filler dispersion is 30 to 40 minutes.

8. The preparation process according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the intensity of the static magnetic field is 2-3T, and the immersion time at room temperature is 60-70 hours.

9. The method of using the high-temperature curing, ablation-resistant, and heat-insulating two-component coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Mix components A and B thoroughly, let stand for 5-10 minutes, then spray or brush onto the cleaned substrate surface and cure according to the following procedure: (a) Curing at 55–70°C for 3–4 hours; (b) Curing at 100–110°C for 6–8 hours; (c) Curing at 120-130℃ for 5-7 hours.

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