Wind resistance and vibration reduction device and method for power transmission tower facing extreme wind disaster scene

Abstract

The invention discloses a power transmission tower wind resistance and vibration reduction device and method for an extreme wind disaster scene, and belongs to the technical field of tower wind resistance and vibration reduction. The device comprises an auxiliary variable damping energy consumption assembly, a self-adaptive wind pressure release flow guide assembly and a self-energy-supply monitoring control module which are installed on a power transmission tower; the auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation assembly and the self-adaptive wind pressure release flow guide assembly are both controlled by the self-energy-supply monitoring control module in a signal mode. On the premise that the main structure of the pole tower is kept unchanged, the pole tower is made to keep good power stability in the full wind speed section, especially under the typhoon and sudden-change strong wind condition through the cooperation strategy of auxiliary inclined strut damping energy consumption, node pneumatic rectification pressure relief and multi-source complementary self-energy-supply intelligent control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind-resistant vibration reduction technology for power transmission towers, specifically a wind-resistant vibration reduction device and method for power transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening implementation of the national energy strategy and the comprehensive advancement of ultra-high voltage (UHV) power transmission network construction, the span and scale of power transmission channels are constantly expanding. To meet the demands of long-distance, high-capacity power transmission, the structural forms of transmission line towers are becoming increasingly large and complex. Modern transmission towers, especially UHV double-circuit or multi-circuit steel pipe towers and angle steel towers, generally exhibit characteristics of large height, high flexibility, low damping ratio, and dense natural frequencies. These physical characteristics make the tower structure extremely sensitive to wind loads, making it a typical wind-sensitive structure. In particular, the frequency of extreme wind disasters such as super typhoons, squall lines, thunderstorms, and tornado contrails is increasing, making the external environment faced by the towers increasingly complex.

[0003] In natural wind fields, strong winds and typhoons exhibit significant pulsation, abrupt changes, and rapid oscillations in their incoming direction, with wind speeds varying drastically over time. Transmission towers, constructed from numerous angle steel components, have complex configurations. When wind flows through these blunt-section components, strong boundary layer separation and vortex shedding are easily generated. Especially under extreme wind conditions, the shedding of the Karman vortex street on the leeward side of the components is more intense, generating significant crosswind pulsations. When these pulsations approach the tower's natural frequency, they induce significant vortex-induced resonance.

[0004] For tall towers, the lateral vibration response caused by extreme gusts or typhoon pulsations can lead to fatigue damage to angle steel components, loosening of node bolts, and even a decrease in overall stability. Existing engineering measures mostly rely on passive wind resistance by "increasing the cross-section and wall thickness," but in extreme wind disaster scenarios, this method is costly, heavy, and cannot actively suppress vortex streets or cope with sudden changes in strong winds.

[0005] Current wind protection technologies primarily focus on controlling wind deflection and vibration of conductors and ground wires. For example, widely used vibration dampers mainly target light wind vibrations; double-pendulum anti-galloping devices and detuned pendulums primarily target conductor galloping. However, vibration reduction measures for the tower itself are relatively lagging. Traditional engineering practices often involve "passive resistance," that is, simply increasing the size of angle steel, increasing the thickness of tower walls, and increasing the grade of steel to improve the static stiffness and strength of the structure. This method directly leads to a significant increase in tower weight, which in turn greatly increases foundation costs and transportation and installation costs, and has little effect on improving long-term dynamic response. This not only results in a huge waste of materials but also violates the original intention of green power grid construction.

[0006] In the field of tower vibration reduction, existing inventions mostly focus on passively tuned mass dampers. A passively tuned mass damper is a classic vibration-absorbing device that works by using the inertial force of an added mass to counteract the vibration of the main structure. However, passively tuned mass dampers suffer from problems such as high frequency sensitivity and damper failure.

[0007] Furthermore, traditional lattice-type angle steel towers have densely packed connecting plates and bolts at their nodes, forming complex bluff body combinations with extremely high shape coefficients. When airflow passes through these nodes, high-pressure stagnation zones and strong vortex shedding are easily generated. Currently, there is a lack of an aerodynamic shape optimization device for existing towers that can both wrap around the nodes to reduce wind resistance and actively intervene in the flow field under extreme wind conditions to disrupt vortex street formation. Existing fairings are mostly fixed and cannot adapt to the hydrodynamic requirements under different wind speeds.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive wind-resistant device that is specifically designed for typhoon and extreme wind disaster scenarios and takes into account both wind-induced flow field control and structural damping energy consumption, so as to improve the safety and resilience of towers under extreme weather conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention aims to overcome the problem of a sharp amplification of wind-induced response in existing power transmission towers under extreme wind disaster scenarios such as typhoons and squall lines, and proposes a comprehensive wind-resistant device and method for power transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios. While maintaining the main structure of the tower, this device employs a collaborative strategy of "auxiliary bracing damping energy dissipation + node aerodynamic rectification and pressure relief + multi-source complementary self-powered intelligent control" to ensure good dynamic stability of the tower across the entire wind speed range, especially under typhoon and sudden strong wind conditions.

[0010] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A wind-resistant vibration reduction device for power transmission towers designed for extreme wind disaster scenarios includes an auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component, an adaptive wind pressure release and diversion component, and a self-powered monitoring and control module installed on the power transmission tower. The auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component and the adaptive wind pressure release and diversion component are both controlled by signals from the self-powered monitoring and control module.

[0011] Furthermore, the auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component includes a damper, which is connected in an oblique manner at an angle of 30°-60° to the horizontal direction between the tower crossarm and the main tower body, and between the tower head and the main tower body.

[0012] Furthermore, the adaptive wind pressure release and flow guiding component is located at dense nodes with high wind resistance on the windward side of the tower. It includes multiple streamlined wing plates, a drive motor, a fixed ring, a rotating ring, and a return spring. Multiple support rods are evenly fixed to the upper circumference of the fixed ring, and the outer end of each support rod is hinged to a streamlined wing plate. The lower part of the fixed ring is rotatably connected to the rotating ring, which is driven by the drive motor. Multiple tie rods are evenly and movably arranged on the top of the rotating ring, and the outer end of each tie rod is hinged to a streamlined wing plate. The return spring is arranged on the other side of the streamlined wing plate opposite to the tie rod, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the support rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the self-powered monitoring and control module includes an accelerometer, an ultrasonic anemometer, a microcontroller, and a power supply component. The accelerometer and the ultrasonic anemometer are both connected to the microcontroller via signal transmission, and the power supply component provides power to the accelerometer, the ultrasonic anemometer, and the microcontroller.

[0014] Furthermore, the damper is a magnetorheological damper.

[0015] Furthermore, the adaptive wind pressure release and diversion assembly is installed on the node plate area at the root of the crossarm or on the angle steel at the tower head. Both the fixed ring and the rotating ring are seamlessly connected by two semi-circular ring structures. The lower circumference of the fixed ring is provided with an annular flange, and multiple balls are evenly embedded on both the inner and outer sides of the annular flange. The inner top of the rotating ring is provided with an annular groove, which is slidably connected to the annular flange. The inner bottom of the rotating ring is provided with helical teeth. The fixed ring is provided with the drive motor at the bottom, and the bevel gear on the drive motor shaft meshes with the helical teeth.

[0016] Furthermore, the power supply components include a photovoltaic panel, a lithium battery pack, and a CT power extraction coil. The electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel is stored in the lithium battery pack, and the CT power extraction coil induces alternating current from the operating current of the high-voltage transmission line, which is then rectified, filtered, and regulated before being stored in the supercapacitor pack.

[0017] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for wind-resistant vibration reduction of transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios, based on the aforementioned wind-resistant vibration reduction device for transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios, comprising: Under normal conditions, the auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component provides basic viscous damping to cope with micro-wind vibration. The multiple streamlined wing plates of the adaptive wind pressure release and flow guiding component are in a closed state under the action of the return spring, and the ends overlap to form a fairing, which completely wraps the dense nodes of the angle steel of the tower, so that the airflow can flow smoothly around it. When the self-powered monitoring and control module detects that the amplitude or acceleration exceeds the safety threshold, the microcontroller adjusts the excitation current of the magnetorheological damper in the auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component in real time to change the damping coefficient so that the damping force is always opposite to the direction of the structural motion velocity and the amplitude is optimal. When the self-powered monitoring and control module detects that the wind speed has reached the storm threshold, the microcontroller starts the drive motor to control the multiple streamlined wing plates to rotate and open, forming a guide channel that runs through the tower body. After the channel is opened, it guides the airflow in the high-pressure stagnation zone on the windward side to pass through the tower body at high speed and enter the low-pressure wake zone on the leeward side. The self-powered monitoring and control module sends alarm information to a remote server via LoRa / 4G / 5G networks.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This device is installed externally without altering the main load-bearing system of the tower, meeting the safety and reliability requirements of the power industry under extreme weather conditions. Even if the device is damaged in extreme winds, it will not affect the load-bearing capacity of the tower structure.

[0019] 2. The device achieves full wind condition coverage from normal winds to extreme winds of gale force. The adaptive aerodynamic components rectify and reduce drag in light winds, and actively depressurize and disrupt vortex streets when triggered by extreme gales, effectively suppressing the vibration amplitude of the tower in the core wind zone of the typhoon. The inclined variable damper can make full use of the huge relative displacement of the crossarm during the typhoon to achieve efficient energy dissipation.

[0020] 3. The "photovoltaic + inductive power" dual-source power supply scheme of the present invention ensures stable operation even in severe weather conditions (such as typhoon nights, rainstorms, etc.), effectively solving the "isolated power supply" problem that is common in extreme disaster sites, and providing continuous and reliable energy guarantee for the control system.

[0021] 4. By monitoring and controlling the real-time identification and automatic adjustment of wind speed and vibration status, the system can achieve intelligent regulation throughout the typhoon process, reduce the frequency of manual inspections, and improve the operational resilience of the towers under extreme weather conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the aerodynamic principle of the adaptive wind pressure release and flow guiding component in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 This is a top cross-sectional view of the adaptive wind pressure release and diversion component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a side cross-sectional view of the adaptive wind pressure release and diversion assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of part A in the middle; Figure 7 This is an electrical schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-Main tower body, 2-Crossarm, 3-Insulator string, 4-Jump wire, 5-Adaptive wind pressure release and diversion assembly, 6-Monitoring and control box, 7-Auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation assembly, 8-CT power take-off coil, 9-Photovoltaic panel, 10-Electromagnetic regulating valve, 11-Damper piston rod, 12-Main leg angle steel, 13-Lower chord, 14-Streamlined wing plate, 15-Drive motor, 16-Fixing ring, 17-Rotating ring, 18-Reset spring, 19-Support rod, 20-Tie rod, 21-Annular flange, 22-Ball bearing, 23-Groove, 24-Helical gear, 25-Bevel gear. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example: Refer to Figures 1-7 The wind-resistant vibration reduction device for transmission towers designed for extreme wind disaster scenarios includes an auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component 7, an adaptive wind pressure release and diversion component 5, and a self-powered monitoring and control module installed on the transmission tower. Both the auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component 7 and the adaptive wind pressure release and diversion component 5 are controlled by signals from the self-powered monitoring and control module.

[0025] Specifically, the auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component 7 includes a damper. In this embodiment, the damper is preferably a magnetorheological damper. The damper is installed at an angle of 30°-60° to the horizontal direction, bridging the tower crossarm 2 and the main tower body 1, as well as the tower head and the main tower body. Connection structure design: Upper connection point: At the lower chord 13 of the crossarm, a double-ear plate connector with pin holes is fixed by high-strength bolts.

[0026] Lower connection point: A triangular reinforcing support frame is installed on the main leg angle steel 12 of the tower body, and the end of the support frame is provided with a corresponding connecting ear plate.

[0027] Hinged connection: Both ends of the damper 7 are connected to the aforementioned ear plates via high-strength steel pins. The pins are equipped with self-lubricating copper bushings and are locked with cotter pins or lock nuts. This double-end ball joint structure ensures that the damper 7 only bears axial tensile and compressive loads, not bending moments, and can adapt to minor deformations of the tower without jamming.

[0028] Spatial arrangement: The angle between the damper and the horizontal plane is set at approximately 45°. This angle can accommodate both horizontal shear deformation and vertical bending deformation, maximizing the damper's extension and contraction stroke. It is recommended to arrange them symmetrically on both sides of the tower to ensure force balance.

[0029] Damping mechanism: When wind load causes the tower to sway, the distance between the crossarm and the tower joint changes periodically. The damper piston rod 11 reciprocates accordingly, forcing the internal hydraulic oil to pass through the throttling orifice of the electromagnetic regulating valve 10, converting mechanical energy into heat energy for dissipation, thereby rapidly attenuating the vibration.

[0030] The auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component 7, as the core energy dissipation unit, aims to consume the structural vibration energy caused by wind loads and reduce the dynamic response amplitude. This component adopts an "oblique auxiliary support" arrangement, bridging the tower crossarm (or tower head) and the main tower body without replacing any existing load-bearing members of the tower body. One end of the damper component is connected to the connecting lug at the bottom of the crossarm via a specially designed hinged pin, and the other end is connected to the triangular support frame at the main tower member via a hinged pin. The damper is positioned at an angle of 30°–60° (preferably 45°) to the horizontal direction, spanning the outside of the original tower structure. This geometric configuration utilizes the shear and bending deformation of the tower under horizontal wind loads, coupling and amplifying the horizontal and vertical displacements into the axial expansion and contraction displacement of the damper through trigonometric relationships, thereby significantly improving the energy dissipation efficiency under small-amplitude vibrations.

[0031] The preferred damping device is a magnetorheological damper, which is filled with magnetorheological fluid. When the electromagnetic coil at the piston head is not energized, the magnetorheological fluid behaves as a Newtonian fluid, and the damping force is mainly determined by the viscosity coefficient, providing basic passive damping. When the coil is energized and generates a magnetic field, the magnetic particles arrange themselves into a chain-like structure along the magnetic field lines, and the fluid instantly transforms into a Bingham viscoplastic body with yield stress, and the damping force increases sharply.

[0032] The system control mode adopts a semi-active control strategy. Under normal conditions, basic viscous damping is provided to cope with light wind vibration; when the amplitude or acceleration is detected to exceed the safety threshold, the controller adjusts the excitation current in real time based on the algorithm to change the damping coefficient, so that the damping force is always opposite to the direction of the structural motion velocity and the amplitude is optimal, thereby achieving a vibration reduction effect close to active control without inputting mechanical energy.

[0033] The adaptive wind pressure release and flow guiding component 5 is installed at dense nodes with high wind resistance on the windward side of the tower, such as the node plate area at the root of the crossarm or the tower head, to optimize the local flow field. It consists of a streamlined wing plate 14 made of multiple lightweight high-strength aluminum alloy or fiber-reinforced composite materials, a drive motor 15, a fixed ring 16, a rotating ring 17, and a return spring 18. Multiple support rods 19 are evenly fixed to the upper circumference of the fixed ring 16, and the outer end of each support rod 19 is hinged to a streamlined wing plate 14. The lower part of the fixed ring 16 is rotatably connected to the rotating ring 17, which is driven by the drive motor 15. Multiple tie rods 20 are evenly and movably arranged on the top of the rotating ring 17, and the outer end of each tie rod 20 is hinged to a streamlined wing plate 14. The return spring 18 is located on the other side of the streamlined wing plate 14 opposite to the tie rods 20, and the other end of the return spring 18 is connected to the support rod 19. Both the fixed ring 16 and the rotating ring 17 are formed by seamlessly connecting two semi-circular ring structures. The lower circumference of the fixed ring 16 is provided with an annular flange 21, and multiple balls 22 are evenly embedded on both the inner and outer sides of the annular flange 21. The inner side of the top of the rotating ring 17 is provided with an annular groove 23, which is slidably connected to the annular flange 21. The inner side of the bottom of the rotating ring 17 is provided with helical teeth 24. The fixed ring 16 is provided with a drive motor 15 at the bottom, and the bevel gear 25 on the shaft of the drive motor 15 meshes with the helical teeth 24.

[0034] The adaptive wind pressure release and diversion assembly 5 is installed on the outer side of the node plate connecting the top crossarm and the tower body. The original structure at this location was complex and had high wind resistance. The streamlined wing plate 14 is injection molded from ASA (acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate) engineering plastic or 3D printed from carbon fiber reinforced nylon. ASA material has excellent weather resistance and UV resistance, making it suitable for long-term outdoor use.

[0035] This component has the following two states: Rectification mode: This component consists of five streamlined airfoils 14 overlapping each other. When closed, the cross-section is either a symmetrical airfoil or an ellipse. This streamlined design allows the airflow to maintain laminar adhesion as it passes through the nodes, delaying the boundary layer separation point.

[0036] Pressure relief mode: When the wind speed exceeds the limit, the drive motor drives the streamlined wing plate 14 to rotate at a certain angle (e.g., 30°). At this time, the high-pressure airflow on the windward side penetrates the tower body at high speed through the gaps between the streamlined wing plates 14 and fills the negative pressure zone on the leeward side. This jet effect disrupts the organized vortex shedding behind the tower and eliminates vortex-induced vibration at its source.

[0037] The drive motor is a micro waterproof stepper motor with an IP68 protection level, which provides high torque in combination with a reduction gearbox. The transmission components adopt helical gears meshed with bevel gears, which have a self-locking feature. This means that after the motor is powered off, the streamlined wing plate 14 can rely on mechanical self-locking to stay in the current position (either closed or open), without continuously consuming electrical energy to maintain the posture, greatly reducing the system energy consumption.

[0038] The microcontroller MCU continuously monitors the wind speed and tower acceleration. If V < 20 m / s (normal wind): keep closed and perform the function of rectifying and reducing drag. If V > 25 m / s and a > asafe (dangerous wind condition): drive the motor to open and perform the function of relieving pressure and destroying the vortex street. If 20 < V < 25 m / s (transition zone): introduce a hysteresis comparison algorithm to prevent the streamlined wing plate 14 from opening and closing frequently, causing the motor to overheat.

[0039] The self-powered monitoring and control module includes an accelerometer, an ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor, a microcontroller, and a power supply component. The accelerometer and the microcontroller are both arranged inside the monitoring and control box. The ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor and an antenna are installed outside the monitoring and control box. The accelerometer and the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor are both connected to the microcontroller in a signal manner. The power supply component provides electrical energy for the accelerometer, the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensor, and the microcontroller. The power supply component includes a photovoltaic panel, a lithium battery pack, and a CT power-taking coil. The electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel is stored in the lithium battery pack. The CT power-taking coil induces alternating current from the operating current of the high-voltage transmission line, and after rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation, it is stored in the supercapacitor bank.

[0040] The CT power-taking coil 8 is snap-mounted on the jumper wire 4. The jumper wire 4 is a non-stressed wire connecting the conductors on both sides of the strain tower, or a conductor segment of the straight tower bypassing the insulator string 3. Installing here has the least impact on the mechanical stress of the line. The CT power-taking coil 8 can be made of nanocrystalline alloy material. Compared with traditional silicon steel sheets, nanocrystals have extremely high magnetic permeability and high saturation magnetic induction intensity, are not easily saturated under large currents, and can still induce sufficient power under small currents.

[0041] The power-taking circuit is installed in the monitoring and control box 6, and its topology includes a protection circuit, rectification and filtering, and DC-DC conversion. The current fluctuation range of the transmission line is extremely large, and the circuit is paralleled with a bidirectional transient suppression diode and a varistor. When a short-circuit fault occurs on the primary side and the induced voltage on the secondary side suddenly increases, the bidirectional transient suppression diode conducts instantaneously, short-circuits the secondary side coil, and uses the leakage reactance of the coil itself to limit the current, protecting the backend circuit from being broken down.

[0042] In terms of energy extraction, a Boost boost circuit with MPPT (maximum power point tracking) control is adopted, which can extract energy to the maximum extent even when the line current is small.

[0043] The system employs a hybrid energy storage architecture of lithium batteries and supercapacitors in the monitoring and control box 6. The large-capacity lithium iron phosphate batteries store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panels 9, handling the system's long-term standby and low-power operation. The supercapacitor bank boasts extremely high power density and rapid charging and discharging. It primarily buffers energy fluctuations from inductive power supply and provides instantaneous high current during damper electromagnetic regulating valve 10 operation or motor startup. This design extends the lifespan of the lithium batteries and prevents damage from pulsed currents.

[0044] In terms of the control system hardware architecture, the MCU in monitoring and control box 6 uses an STM32L4 series or similar ultra-low power microcontroller. Sensor signals are filtered by low-pass and anti-aliasing filters before entering the ADC. The communication module integrates a LoRa module (for tower-to-tower mesh networking) and a 4G / 5G module (for aggregating data and uploading it to the cloud).

[0045] The intelligent operation strategy includes the following four modes: 1. Sleep monitoring: Only the low-power wake-up pins of the RTC (Real-Time Clock) and accelerometer are active.

[0046] 2. Data Acquisition: Wakes up every 10 minutes to read wind speed, temperature, and root mean square vibration values, and stores them in Flash memory. Damping control is not enabled.

[0047] 3. Active Wind Resistance: This mode is activated when continuous strong vibration is detected. The damper drive circuit is turned on, the target damping force is calculated according to the algorithm, and a PWM wave is output to control the current; at the same time, the wind speed is judged to determine whether to activate the aerodynamic deflector.

[0048] 4. Wireless backhaul: The radio frequency module is activated daily at set times or when an alarm is triggered to send data packets.

[0049] The self-powered monitoring and control module is the core of the system, responsible for state perception, algorithm calculation, and energy management. Sensors consist of an integrated microelectromechanical system (MEMS) shaft accelerometer (monitoring tower vibration frequency and amplitude) and an ultrasonic anemometer (monitoring wind field parameters). Sensor data is transmitted to the main control unit via SPI or I2C bus. To solve the problem of power supply in the field, this invention adopts a complementary "photovoltaic + inductive power extraction" scheme. Monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels installed on the south side of the tower charge the lithium battery pack when there is sufficient sunlight, maintaining the system's daily standby and monitoring. For conditions such as typhoons and heavy rains where there is no sunlight and the line load is often high, a high-permeability permalloy induction coil, clipped onto a jumper wire above the insulator string, is used to extract power. The current transformer (CT) uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to induce AC current from the operating current of the high-voltage transmission line, which is then rectified, filtered, and regulated before being stored in the supercapacitor bank. Since the power grid often operates under high load during severe weather and there is no need to worry about sunlight, this system matches the high power requirements of the wind-resistant system during extreme times. The miniature low-power main control unit is responsible for controlling the system and has a multi-level sleep / wake-up mechanism. Normally, it operates in a "microwatt-level" low-power monitoring mode; once the accelerometer detects excessive vibration (e.g., >0.05g), it immediately wakes the system to enter full-speed operation mode, initiating damper adjustment and deflector action, and sending alarm information to a remote server via LoRa / 4G / 5G networks.

[0050] The method for wind-resistant and vibration-damping devices for power transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios according to embodiments of the present invention is as follows: Under normal conditions, the auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component provides basic viscous damping to cope with micro-wind vibration. The multiple streamlined wing plates of the adaptive wind pressure release guide component are in a closed state under the action of the return spring, and the end overlaps to form a fairing, which completely wraps the dense nodes of the angle steel of the tower, so that the airflow can flow smoothly around it, reducing the local shape coefficient of the nodes and reducing the static wind load borne by the tower. When the self-powered monitoring and control module detects that the amplitude or acceleration exceeds the safety threshold, the microcontroller adjusts the excitation current of the magnetorheological damper in the auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component in real time to change the damping coefficient so that the damping force is always opposite to the direction of the structural motion velocity and the amplitude is optimal. When the self-powered monitoring and control module detects that the wind speed reaches the storm threshold (e.g., 25 m / s), the microcontroller starts the drive motor to control the multiple streamlined wing plates to rotate 30° and open, forming a guide channel that runs through the tower body. After the channel is opened, the airflow in the high-pressure stagnation zone on the windward side passes through the tower body at high speed and is injected into the low-pressure wake zone on the leeward side. This jet interference effect effectively destroys the organized shedding of the Karman vortex street on the back of the tower body and disrupts the wake structure, thereby eliminating the crosswind vortex-induced resonance force that causes large swaying from the source. The self-powered monitoring and control module sends alarm information to a remote server via LoRa / 4G / 5G networks.

[0051] Construction and maintenance Construction process: First, prefabricate and install connecting supports on the tower body and crossarms without dismantling any existing tower components, ensuring tower safety during construction. Then, hoist the damper into place and lock it in place with the pin.

[0052] Installation of the adaptive wind pressure release and flow guide assembly: First, fix the two semi-circular ring structures of the fixed ring to the angle steel with bolts. Then, fit the two semi-circular ring structures of the rotating ring onto the fixed ring and connect the two ends with bolts. Then, install the streamlined wing plate 14 on the outside of the fixed ring and the rotating ring.

[0053] Post-maintenance: Inspect the lubrication of the hinge points and the tightness of the inductive power supply module annually. Since the damper is an auxiliary component, even if disassembly and maintenance are required, the tower remains safe, eliminating the need for power outages and tower closures, thus reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind-resistant vibration reduction device for power transmission towers designed for extreme wind disaster scenarios, characterized in that: It includes an auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component, an adaptive wind pressure release and diversion component, and a self-powered monitoring and control module installed on the transmission tower. The auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component and the adaptive wind pressure release and diversion component are both controlled by the signal from the self-powered monitoring and control module.

2. The wind-resistant vibration reduction device for transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component includes a damper, which is connected in an oblique manner at an angle of 30°-60° to the horizontal direction between the tower crossarm and the main tower body, and between the tower head and the main tower body.

3. The wind-resistant vibration reduction device for transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptive wind pressure release and flow guiding assembly is located at dense nodes with high wind resistance on the windward side of the tower. It includes multiple streamlined wing plates, a drive motor, a fixed ring, a rotating ring, and a return spring. Multiple support rods are evenly fixed to the upper circumference of the fixed ring. The outer end of each support rod is hinged to a streamlined wing plate. The lower part of the fixed ring is rotatably connected to the rotating ring, which is driven by the drive motor. Multiple tie rods are evenly and movably arranged on the top of the rotating ring. The outer end of each tie rod is hinged to a streamlined wing plate. The return spring is located on the other side of the streamlined wing plate opposite to the tie rod, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the support rod.

4. The wind-resistant vibration reduction device for transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios according to claim 3, characterized in that: The self-powered monitoring and control module includes an accelerometer, an ultrasonic anemometer, a microcontroller, and a power supply component. The accelerometer and the ultrasonic anemometer are both connected to the microcontroller via signal transmission. The power supply component provides power to the accelerometer, the ultrasonic anemometer, and the microcontroller.

5. The wind-resistant vibration reduction device for transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios according to claim 2, characterized in that: The damper is a magnetorheological damper.

6. The wind-resistant vibration reduction device for transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adaptive wind pressure release and diversion assembly is installed on the node plate area at the root of the crossarm or on the angle steel at the tower head. The fixed ring and the rotating ring are both seamlessly connected by two semi-circular ring structures. The lower circumference of the fixed ring is provided with an annular flange. Multiple balls are evenly embedded on both the inner and outer sides of the annular flange. The inner top of the rotating ring is provided with an annular groove, which is slidably connected to the annular flange. The inner bottom of the rotating ring is provided with helical teeth. The fixed ring is provided with the drive motor at the bottom. The bevel gear on the drive motor shaft meshes with the helical teeth.

7. The wind-resistant vibration reduction device for transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power supply components include a photovoltaic panel, a lithium battery pack, and a CT power extraction coil. The electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel is stored in the lithium battery pack. The CT power extraction coil induces alternating current from the operating current of the high-voltage transmission line, which is then rectified, filtered, and regulated before being stored in the supercapacitor pack.

8. A method for wind-resistant vibration reduction of transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios, implemented based on the wind-resistant vibration reduction device for transmission towers in extreme wind disaster scenarios as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: Under normal conditions, the auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component provides basic viscous damping to cope with micro-wind vibration. The multiple streamlined wing plates of the adaptive wind pressure release and flow guiding component are in a closed state under the action of the return spring, and the ends overlap to form a fairing, which completely wraps the dense nodes of the angle steel of the tower, so that the airflow can flow smoothly around it. When the self-powered monitoring and control module detects that the amplitude or acceleration exceeds the safety threshold, the microcontroller adjusts the excitation current of the magnetorheological damper in the auxiliary variable damping energy dissipation component in real time to change the damping coefficient so that the damping force is always opposite to the direction of the structural motion velocity and the amplitude is optimal. When the self-powered monitoring and control module detects that the wind speed has reached the storm threshold, the microcontroller starts the drive motor to control the multiple streamlined wing plates to rotate and open, forming a guide channel that runs through the tower body. After the channel is opened, it guides the airflow in the high-pressure stagnation zone on the windward side to pass through the tower body at high speed and enter the low-pressure wake zone on the leeward side. The self-powered monitoring and control module sends alarm information to a remote server via LoRa / 4G / 5G networks.

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