Method and device for determining state of heater in vehicle, vehicle and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle, the vehicle and a storage medium. The vehicle comprises a urea pipeline, at least one heater and a temperature sensor, the heater is used for heating a urea solution in the urea pipeline, the temperature sensor is used for collecting temperature parameters of the urea solution, and the method comprises the steps that in response to starting of the heater, the temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple moments are obtained, obtaining a plurality of temperature parameters, and obtaining resistance values of the heater at a plurality of moments to obtain a plurality of resistance values; determining the actual slope of the plurality of resistance values along with the change of the plurality of temperature parameters; determining a first working state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope; and in response to the first working state being a normal working state, determining a second working state of the heater based on a plurality of heating durations corresponding to the plurality of temperature parameters. The technical problem that the detection efficiency of the working state of the heater is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of urea electric heating systems, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, vehicle, and storage medium for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, heater maintenance typically involves periodic manual inspections and maintenance, or monitoring the heater's operating status using a single temperature sensor. However, these methods cannot accurately determine the heater's health status and aging level in real time, nor can they effectively distinguish between sensor performance issues, resulting in low efficiency in detecting the heater's operating status. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method, apparatus, vehicle, and storage medium for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle, to at least solve the technical problem of low detection efficiency of the heater's operating state.

[0004] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle is provided. The vehicle includes a urea pipeline, at least one heater, and a temperature sensor. The heater is used to heat a urea solution in the urea pipeline, and the temperature sensor is used to collect temperature parameters of the urea solution. The method may include: in response to heater activation, acquiring temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times to obtain multiple temperature parameters; and acquiring resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times to obtain multiple resistance values; determining the actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​changing with the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters; determining a first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope; and in response to the first operating state being a normal operating state, determining a second operating state of the heater based on multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters.

[0005] Optionally, determining the first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope includes: determining the deviation value between the actual slope and the reference slope, wherein the reference slope is determined based on historical temperature parameters collected by the temperature sensor under normal operating conditions and the historical resistance values ​​corresponding to the historical temperature parameters; and determining the first operating state as a normal operating state in response to the deviation value being less than or equal to the deviation threshold.

[0006] Optionally, the method may further include: in response to a deviation value greater than a deviation threshold, controlling the urea nozzle to open at a first preset angle, wherein the urea nozzle is connected to a urea pipeline, and the opening angle of the urea nozzle is related to the temperature of the urea solution; controlling the heater to heat the urea solution to a target temperature; determining the pressure parameters of the urea pipeline during the process of heating the urea solution to the target temperature; in response to an abnormality in the pressure parameters, determining the first working state as an abnormal working state; and in response to no abnormality in the pressure parameters, determining the first working state as a normal working state.

[0007] Optionally, in response to the first working state being a normal working state, a second working state of the heater is determined based on multiple heating durations corresponding to multiple temperature parameters, including: in response to the first working state being a normal working state, determining whether the heating duration meets a duration threshold; and in response to the heating duration meeting the duration threshold, determining the second working state as a normal working state.

[0008] Optionally, the method may further include: in response to the heating duration not meeting a duration threshold, controlling the urea nozzle to open at a second preset angle, wherein the second preset angle is less than a first preset angle; controlling the heater to heat the urea solution to a target temperature; during the process of heating the urea solution to the target temperature, collecting temperature change data of the urea solution; in response to the temperature change data indicating that the temperature decrease of the urea solution within the target time period is greater than the change threshold, determining the second working state as an abnormal working state; in response to the temperature change data indicating that the temperature decrease of the urea solution within the target time period is less than or equal to the change threshold, determining the second working state as a normal working state.

[0009] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a device for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle is also provided. The vehicle includes a urea pipeline, at least one heater, and a temperature sensor. The heater is used to heat a urea solution in the urea pipeline, and the temperature sensor is used to collect temperature parameters of the urea solution. The device may include: an acquisition unit, configured to acquire temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times in response to heater startup, obtaining multiple temperature parameters, and acquire resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times in response to heater startup, obtaining multiple resistance values; a first determination unit, configured to determine the actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​changing with the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters; a second determination unit, configured to determine a first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope; and a third determination unit, configured to determine a second operating state of the heater based on multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters in response to the first operating state being a normal operating state, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters.

[0010] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute the vehicle heater state determination method of the embodiments of this application.

[0011] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a processor is also provided for running a program, wherein the program is executed by the processor to perform the method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle according to the embodiments of this application.

[0012] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a program product is also provided, the program product including computer instructions, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle according to the embodiments of this application.

[0013] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a vehicle is also provided, which can be used to perform the vehicle heater state determination method of the embodiments of this application.

[0014] In this embodiment, in response to heater startup, the temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times are acquired, resulting in multiple temperature parameters; and the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times are acquired, resulting in multiple resistance values. The actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​changing with the multiple temperature parameters is determined, where the actual slope characterizes the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters. Based on the actual slope, a first operating state of the temperature sensor is determined. In response to the first operating state being a normal operating state, a second operating state of the heater is determined based on multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters, where the heating duration characterizes the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters. In other words, in this embodiment, the operating state of the temperature sensor is determined based on the temperature parameters of the urea solution and the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times. When the temperature sensor is in a normal operating state, the operating state of the heater is determined based on the heating duration, thereby achieving the goal of accurately determining the operating state of the heater. This improves the detection efficiency of the heater's operating state and solves the technical problem of low detection efficiency of the heater's operating state. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a linear relationship between temperature and resistance according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first-order inertial element heating model based on temperature and time according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an electric heating system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of an online health status diagnosis and self-maintenance method for a urea flash evaporation system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle heater state determination device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a computer terminal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of an electronic device for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0026] Currently, heater maintenance typically involves periodic manual inspections and maintenance, or monitoring the heater's operating status using a single temperature sensor. However, these methods cannot accurately determine the heater's health status and aging level in real time, nor can they effectively distinguish between sensor performance issues, resulting in low efficiency in detecting the heater's operating status.

[0027] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment proposes a method for determining the state of a vehicle heater. In response to heater startup, the method acquires temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times, resulting in multiple temperature parameters, and acquires the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times, resulting in multiple resistance values. It then determines the actual slope of the resistance values ​​as a function of the multiple temperature parameters, where the actual slope characterizes the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters. Based on the actual slope, it determines a first operating state of the temperature sensor. In response to the first operating state being a normal operating state, it determines a second operating state of the heater based on multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters, where the heating duration characterizes the time required to heat the urea solution to the specified temperature parameters. In other words, this method first determines the operating state of the temperature sensor. If the temperature sensor is in a normal operating state, it uses the temperature sensor to collect relevant temperature data and uses this data to determine the operating state of the heater, thereby improving the efficiency of heater operating state detection.

[0028] Optionally, this embodiment determines the operating state of the temperature sensor based on the temperature parameters of the urea solution and the resistance of the heater at multiple times. When the temperature sensor is in normal operating condition, the operating state of the heater is determined based on the heating time, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately determining the operating state of the heater. This achieves the technical effect of improving the detection efficiency of the heater's operating state and solves the technical problem of low detection efficiency of the heater's operating state.

[0029] According to an embodiment of this application, an embodiment of a method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle is provided. The steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0031] In step S102, in response to the heater starting, the temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times are obtained, resulting in multiple temperature parameters, and the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times are obtained, resulting in multiple resistance values.

[0032] In the technical solution provided in step S102 of this application, the heater can be an electric heater, used to heat the urea solution in the urea heating chamber (i.e., the urea pipeline) to control the temperature of the urea solution to rise to a preset temperature value. The temperature parameter can be used to determine the temperature of the urea solution at different times, or it can be the temperature rise data of the urea solution at different times. The resistance value can be used to determine the temperature of the heater during the heating process of the urea solution.

[0033] Optionally, the vehicle may include a urea pipeline, at least one heater, and a temperature sensor. The heater can be used to heat the urea solution in the urea pipeline, and the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature parameters of the urea solution.

[0034] Optionally, if the heater is started, it can be determined that the heater has started heating the urea solution. At this time, the temperature parameters of the urea solution at different times can be obtained to obtain the temperature parameters corresponding to each time. At the same time, the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times can be obtained to obtain multiple resistance values. The number of resistance values ​​can be the same as the number of temperature parameters.

[0035] Step S104: Determine the actual slope of multiple resistance values ​​as a function of multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters.

[0036] In the technical solution provided by step S104 of this application, the actual slope can be the slope of the change of resistance and temperature parameters, the rate at which the resistance changes with the change of temperature parameters, and can be used to determine the working state of the temperature sensor.

[0037] Optionally, when the electric heater is activated to heat the urea solution to a preset temperature, such as 120 degrees Celsius (°C), the electric heating system performance evaluation function can be activated. In response to the activation of the electric heating system performance evaluation function, the resistance value of the heater (also known as the resistance value), the temperature rise of the urea pipeline, and the heating time can be recorded at multiple times. The temperature rise of the urea pipeline can be used to determine the temperature rise data of the urea solution at multiple times. Furthermore, by monitoring the ratio of heater resistance change to temperature rise during the operation of the urea flash evaporation system, and based on the changes in liquid pressure fluctuations during flash evaporation, the accuracy of the data collected by the temperature sensor can be determined.

[0038] Optionally, the resistance change and temperature rise when the urea solution is heated to 120°C under calibration conditions can be predetermined to obtain a reference slope for the resistance change with multiple temperature parameters under calibration conditions. Based on the reference slope, the actual slope is judged to determine whether the temperature sensor is in a normal operating state.

[0039] For example, when a urea solution is heated to 120°C, the resistance change and temperature rise are tracked. If the slope of the resistance-temperature change deviates from a healthy slope by 10%, it indicates that the temperature sensor's performance has deteriorated. In this case, the temperature parameters collected by the sensor are inaccurate, making it impossible to accurately determine the heater's operating status based on the temperature parameters. In such cases, the temperature sensor can be replaced to improve the accuracy of determining the heater's operating status.

[0040] Optionally, the aforementioned actual slope can be used to determine the health status of the temperature sensor. This actual slope can be a change slope, referring to the rate at which the resistance of the electric heater changes with temperature increase during the heating of the urea solution to 120°C. It can reflect the steepness of the physical characteristic curve of the heater material (such as a metal alloy heating wire) as its resistance changes with temperature during heating. In a healthy state, the resistance-temperature curve of the heater is a stable, calibrable linear or approximately linear relationship, which can be used as a "health baseline slope." If the temperature sensor reading is distorted (e.g., hysteresis, drift), the measured temperature rise time will be inaccurate, leading to an abnormal calculated slope. In this case, even if the heater itself is normal, it may be misjudged as aging. Therefore, before judging the working status of the heater, it is necessary to first determine the accuracy of the temperature sensor data.

[0041] For example, during initial calibration or new installation, real-time resistance and temperature data can be recorded as the heater rises from ambient temperature to 120°C, and a "healthy slope curve" can be fitted. Each time heating is started, resistance-temperature data can be re-acquired, the current slope calculated, and compared with the healthy slope. If the current slope deviates from the healthy slope, for example, by ≥10%, a warning can be issued: the temperature sensor may be degrading (because the resistance is real, but the temperature measurement is abnormal). To avoid misjudgment, a reliability verification can be triggered, entering "active monitoring mode," maintaining the heater at 120°C, triggering urea injection (95% opening), and inducing flash evaporation. If the liquid pressure momentarily rises and then falls back at this time, it indicates that the temperature has truly reached 120°C, the sensor data is correct, and the slope deviation is due to heater aging; if there is no flash evaporation pressure fluctuation, it indicates that the temperature has not reached 120°C, the temperature sensor reading is false, leading to a misjudgment of the slope.

[0042] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram illustrating a linear relationship between temperature and resistance according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2 As shown, a linear difference curve can be constructed between the temperature parameter and the resistance value.

[0043] Step S106: Determine the first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope.

[0044] In the technical solution provided by step S106 of this application, the first working state of the temperature sensor can be determined by judging the actual slope. The first working state may include a normal working state and an abnormal working state.

[0045] Optionally, the actual slope calculated in step S104 (i.e., the real-time rate of change of heater resistance with urea solution temperature) is compared with a pre-stored health status benchmark slope to determine whether the temperature sensor is working properly. The aforementioned health status benchmark slope can be obtained by fitting resistance-temperature data collected during the initial calibration phase from the fault-free heater and accurate temperature sensor working together, characterizing the typical resistance response characteristics of the heater in a healthy state.

[0046] For example, if the deviation between the actual slope and the baseline slope in a healthy state exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., ±10%), it is initially determined that the temperature sensor may have a measurement deviation (such as hysteresis, drift, or failure). However, to rule out slope deviation caused by the aging of the heater itself, further verification is required. Cross-verification can be performed through a subsequent flash triggering mechanism (see step S108): if an instantaneous rise and fall in liquid pressure (i.e., flash phenomenon) can still be observed during the "abnormal" period of the temperature sensor, it indicates that the actual temperature of the urea solution has reached the boiling point, the temperature sensor reading is distorted, and it is determined to be in a faulty working state; if no flash characteristics are observed, it is determined that the heater has aged, and the temperature sensor is still normal. Only when the deviation between the actual slope and the baseline slope is within the tolerance range and there are no other abnormal signs can it be determined that the temperature sensor is in a normal working state, and the signal fed back by the temperature sensor can continue to be trusted for closed-loop control.

[0047] Step S108: In response to the first working state being the normal working state, the second working state of the heater is determined based on multiple heating durations corresponding to multiple temperature parameters, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters.

[0048] In the technical solution provided by step S108 of this application, the second working state may include a normal working state and an abnormal working state.

[0049] Optionally, if the temperature sensor is in normal working condition, the temperature parameters collected by the temperature sensor can be used to further determine the second working state of the heater.

[0050] Optionally, in response to step S106 determining that the temperature sensor is in normal working condition, the performance of the electric heater itself is further evaluated based on the heating time corresponding to multiple temperature parameters, i.e., the time required for the urea solution to be heated from the initial temperature to the target temperature (e.g., 120°C). The aforementioned heating time can be a direct reflection of heating efficiency under the same ambient temperature and start-up conditions.

[0051] Optionally, a standard heating duration calibrated based on a healthy heater can be pre-stored. When the measured heating duration exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., +10%) of this standard duration, the heater is deemed to have experienced performance degradation. Reasons for this degradation may include, but are not limited to, heating wire oxidation, increased local thermal resistance, or power output attenuation. To further confirm this, after heating to the target temperature, the urea nozzle can be controlled to spray at 20% opening for a short period (e.g., for 20 seconds), and the rate of temperature drop in the urea pipeline can be monitored. If the temperature drop exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., ≥5℃), it indicates that the heater's heat output capacity is insufficient and cannot compensate for the heat loss caused by the spraying in time, further confirming that the heater is indeed aging. Based on this confirmation, the heater can be determined to be in a second operating state of performance degradation, triggering an adaptive power correction mechanism: automatically and slightly increasing the heater drive power (e.g., increasing by 5%~15%) to compensate for thermal efficiency loss, ensuring rapid urea thawing in low-temperature environments, preventing pipeline crystallization, and achieving closed-loop control of "diagnosis-self-maintenance".

[0052] For example, the heating time of the urea solution during the operation of the urea flash evaporation system can be monitored to determine if the electric heater is malfunctioning. If the urea temperature is below 0°C or above -30°C, and the pipeline urea temperature remains below 0°C for one minute, or above 0°C, and the pipeline urea temperature does not change for 30 seconds, an immediate warning of electric heater malfunction is issued. If the temperature continues to rise rapidly after the calibrated heating time is reached, an electric heater malfunction is indicated, suggesting relay sticking. If only one heater malfunctions, the normal heater temperature limit is increased to 140°C to ensure heating efficiency. It should be noted that the above figures are for illustrative purposes only and no specific limitations are imposed.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first-order inertial heating model based on temperature and time according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, there is a correlation between temperature and heating time. Based on this correlation, it can be determined whether the heater is in normal working condition.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an electric heating system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the electric heating system may include: an exhaust valve 401, an intake valve 402, a coolant heating valve 403, a heater 404, a heater 405, a temperature sensor 406, an electronic control unit 407, a pressure sensor 408, a pressure sensor 409, a pre-stage urea nozzle 410, a post-stage urea nozzle 411, and an auxiliary power unit (APU) 412.

[0055] Through steps S102 and S108 of this application, in response to heater startup, the temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times are acquired, resulting in multiple temperature parameters; and the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times are acquired, resulting in multiple resistance values. The actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​changing with the multiple temperature parameters is determined, where the actual slope characterizes the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters. Based on the actual slope, a first operating state of the temperature sensor is determined. In response to the first operating state being a normal operating state, a second operating state of the heater is determined based on multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters, where the heating duration characterizes the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters. In other words, in this embodiment, the operating state of the temperature sensor is determined based on the temperature parameters of the urea solution and the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times. When the temperature sensor is in a normal operating state, the operating state of the heater is determined based on the heating duration, thereby achieving the goal of accurately determining the operating state of the heater. This improves the detection efficiency of the heater's operating state and solves the technical problem of low detection efficiency of the heater's operating state.

[0056] The method described in this embodiment will be further described below.

[0057] As an optional implementation, step S106, determining the first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope, includes: determining the deviation value between the actual slope and the reference slope, wherein the reference slope is determined based on the historical temperature parameters collected by the temperature sensor under normal operating conditions and the historical resistance values ​​corresponding to the historical temperature parameters; and determining the first operating state as a normal operating state in response to the deviation value being less than or equal to the deviation threshold.

[0058] In this embodiment, the aforementioned reference slope can be the slope of change when the temperature sensor is healthy, collected under standard conditions, or it can be determined based on the historical temperature parameters collected by the temperature sensor under normal operating conditions and the historical resistance values ​​corresponding to the historical temperature parameters.

[0059] Optionally, the initial operating state of the temperature sensor (i.e., whether it is normal) can be determined by analyzing the deviation between the real-time slope of the heater resistance changing with temperature and the historical reference slope. In this process, the actual slope of the electric heater resistance (R) changing with the urea solution temperature (T) during the current heating process can be calculated. This slope truly reflects the physical response characteristics of the heater material during heating. Simultaneously, a reference slope pre-stored in non-volatile memory can be retrieved. This reference slope is not a fixed value set manually, but rather obtained by the system during the initial calibration phase when the temperature sensor is in normal operating condition. Specifically, it is the optimal resistance-temperature change curve slope generated by fitting the urea temperature change sequence accurately collected by the temperature sensor with the heater resistance change sequence recorded concurrently, under the premise that the heater is operating normally, without aging, and without faults, using the least squares method.

[0060] Optionally, the currently calculated actual slope is compared with the historical benchmark slope to calculate the deviation value. This deviation value can be used to characterize the degree of deviation between the current measurement system and its health status. When the deviation value is less than or equal to a preset deviation threshold (e.g., ±10%), it can be determined that the heater material properties have not significantly degraded, and the temperature data fed back by the temperature sensor maintains physical consistency with the resistance change trend, without obvious temperature drift, hysteresis, or signal distortion. At this time, it can be determined that the temperature sensor is in normal working condition (i.e., the first working state is "normal"), and the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensor can serve as a reliable basis for subsequent control strategies (such as power regulation and injection control). Conversely, if the deviation value exceeds the deviation threshold, a subsequent flash verification mechanism is triggered to further distinguish whether the problem is caused by sensor failure or heater aging, thereby achieving precise fault isolation. The aforementioned deviation threshold can be a value determined by testing or experimentation; the method of determining the deviation threshold is not specifically limited here.

[0061] In this embodiment, the effectiveness of the sensor is determined by the physical correlation between resistance and temperature, rather than by a single temperature value, avoiding the risk of misjudgment associated with traditional "temperature abrupt changes" or "over-limit alarms." Since the reference slope is derived from the heater's own historical health data, it possesses individualized, adaptive, and environmentally resistant characteristics, significantly improving diagnostic accuracy and system robustness.

[0062] As an optional implementation, the method may further include: in response to a deviation value greater than a deviation threshold, controlling the urea nozzle to open at a first preset angle, wherein the urea nozzle is connected to a urea pipeline, and the opening angle of the urea nozzle is related to the temperature of the urea solution; controlling the heater to heat the urea solution to a target temperature; determining the pressure parameters of the urea pipeline during the process of heating the urea solution to the target temperature; in response to an abnormality in the pressure parameters, determining the first working state as an abnormal working state; and in response to no abnormality in the pressure parameters, determining the first working state as a normal working state.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first preset angle can be a pre-set angle, such as a 95% opening angle. The target temperature can be a pre-set temperature, for example, 120°C. It should be noted that this is only an example, and there are no specific limitations on the size of the first preset angle or the size of the target temperature.

[0064] Optionally, if the deviation value is greater than the deviation threshold, active monitoring of the temperature sensor's reliability can be triggered. During this process, the urea nozzle is controlled at 95% opening, and the temperature of the urea solution is controlled to be heated to 120°C. During the above process, the pressure of the urea pipeline (also known as the liquid path) can be monitored. If the liquid path pressure increases instantaneously, exceeds the threshold, and then decreases and tends to normal, flash evaporation occurs. This indicates that the pressure parameter is not abnormal, and the first working state can be determined as the normal working state. The performance degradation of the temperature sensor is judged as a false alarm. If the above phenomenon does not occur, it indicates that the performance of the temperature sensor has deteriorated, and the first working state is an abnormal working state.

[0065] Optionally, when the deviation between the actual slope and the healthy baseline slope exceeds a preset deviation threshold (e.g., more than ±10%), it indicates that the feedback data from the current temperature sensor may deviate from the true temperature, but it cannot immediately distinguish whether the temperature sensor is malfunctioning or the resistance-temperature relationship is shifted due to heater aging. To achieve accurate diagnosis, this embodiment introduces an active verification mechanism based on flash evaporation. This mechanism takes into account that urea solution undergoes instantaneous flash evaporation when it reaches its boiling point (approximately 120°C), causing characteristic pressure fluctuations within the urea pipeline. This pressure change is physical evidence that the temperature has actually reached the target value. Therefore, by determining whether there is an instantaneous flash evaporation phenomenon in the pressure parameters, it can be determined whether the pressure parameters are abnormal, thereby accurately determining the first operating state of the temperature sensor.

[0066] Optionally, after the deviation exceeds the limit, the urea nozzle connected to the urea pipeline is immediately controlled to initiate short-term injection at a first preset opening degree (preferably 95%). This opening degree has been experimentally calibrated as the critical condition sufficient to trigger violent vaporization (i.e., flash evaporation) of the urea solution in the high-temperature pipeline. Its opening angle is strongly correlated with the temperature of the urea solution: only when the actual temperature of the urea solution is close to or reaches its evaporation temperature (approximately 115–125°C) will the injection trigger a significant flash evaporation pressure surge; if the temperature does not reach this threshold, the injection only produces a stable liquid flow without pressure fluctuations. The heater is simultaneously started or maintained at rated power to heat the urea solution to a preset target temperature (e.g., 120°C), ensuring that it is in a thermodynamically critical state capable of triggering flash evaporation. During the heating process, the pressure change curve is continuously acquired and recorded by a pressure sensor installed in the urea pipeline to capture the transient pressure response before and after the end of heating.

[0067] Optionally, if the pressure parameter exhibits a flash evaporation characteristic of "instantaneous rise → rapid fall → stabilization" (i.e., pressure spike, amplitude exceeding the preset pressure threshold, duration less than 500ms), it indicates that the urea solution has truly reached its boiling point. Although the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor has a slope deviation, the temperature value itself is accurate. The abnormal slope originates from heater aging or changes in material properties, and the temperature sensor is still working normally. If the pressure curve has no significant fluctuations, remains stable, or only shows slight changes, it indicates that the actual temperature of the urea solution is far from reaching the flash evaporation threshold, and the temperature parameter collected by the system is a false reading (e.g., sensor drift, open circuit, short circuit), meaning that the temperature sensor is faulty.

[0068] Optionally, in response to the presence of flash evaporation abnormality in the pressure parameters, the first operating state is determined to be "normal operating state" (temperature sensor reliable); in response to the absence of flash evaporation abnormality in the pressure parameters, the first operating state is determined to be "abnormal operating state" (temperature sensor failure), and a fault alarm is triggered and a backup strategy is switched (such as using heating time to estimate temperature).

[0069] In this embodiment, the "urea flash pressure characteristics" are used as the physical criterion for the reliability of the temperature sensor, breaking through the traditional single-dimensional judgment that relies solely on temperature or resistance values. An active diagnostic closed loop is constructed through "high nozzle opening + pressure monitoring," eliminating the need for additional sensors and utilizing only existing system components (heater, nozzle, and pressure sensor) to complete fault isolation. This achieves precise separation between "sensor failure" and "heater aging," avoiding false alarms and mis-repairs, and significantly improving the system's diagnostic accuracy and maintenance efficiency. The above judgment process can be deployed in the vehicle's Electronic Control Unit (ECU) system through control logic.

[0070] As an optional implementation, in response to the first working state being a normal working state, a second working state of the heater is determined based on multiple heating durations corresponding to multiple temperature parameters, including: in response to the first working state being a normal working state, determining whether the heating duration meets a duration threshold; and in response to the heating duration meeting the duration threshold, determining the second working state as a normal working state.

[0071] In this embodiment, the aforementioned duration threshold can be a preset value, such as 110% of the calibrated heating time.

[0072] Optionally, if the first working state is the normal working state, the working state of the heater can be further judged to determine whether the heating time of the urea solution meets the time threshold. If the heating time meets the time threshold, the second working state can be determined to be the normal working state.

[0073] Optionally, if the heater exceeds the calibrated urea heating time by 10% after the urea solution is heated to 120°C, a warning of heater performance degradation will be issued; at the same time, if the temperature drop of the urea nozzle is greater than the threshold after 20 seconds when the urea nozzle is opened at 20% opening, it will indicate that the heater performance has degradation.

[0074] Optionally, if the heater is detected to have decreased efficiency due to aging, the heating power can be automatically increased slightly to ensure that the urea solution can still be fully heated in low-temperature environments, thereby increasing the defrosting time and preventing crystallization in the pipeline.

[0075] Optionally, once the temperature sensor is determined to be in normal working condition, the actual heating time required to heat the urea solution from the initial temperature to the target temperature (e.g., 120°C) can be calculated based on the accurate temperature parameters fed back by the sensor, and compared with a pre-stored standard time threshold calibrated based on a healthy heater. If the measured heating time does not exceed this threshold (i.e., the heating efficiency is within the allowable range), it indicates that the heater's resistance characteristics are normal, the power output is stable, and the heat transfer efficiency has not significantly decreased. Therefore, the heater is determined to be in normal working condition in its second working state, maintaining the original heating power control strategy without intervention. This judgment relies on the reliability of the temperature data to ensure that the heating time assessment results accurately reflect the heater's own performance and avoid misjudgments due to sensor errors.

[0076] As an optional implementation, the method may further include: responding to a heating duration not meeting a duration threshold, controlling the urea nozzle to open at a second preset angle, wherein the second preset angle is less than a first preset angle; controlling the heater to heat the urea solution to a target temperature; during the process of heating the urea solution to the target temperature, collecting temperature change data of the urea solution; responding to the temperature change data indicating that the temperature decrease of the urea solution within the target time period is greater than a change threshold, determining the second working state as an abnormal working state; responding to the temperature change data indicating that the temperature decrease of the urea solution within the target time period is less than or equal to a change threshold, determining the second working state as a normal working state.

[0077] In this embodiment, the second preset angle can be a pre-set opening angle, such as 90% or 20%. The target time period can be a pre-set time period, for example, 20 seconds. It should be noted that the values ​​mentioned above are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be specific.

[0078] For example, when the heating time fails to meet the threshold (i.e., the heating rate is significantly slower than the standard time under healthy conditions), initial suspicion arises that the heater is experiencing performance degradation. However, to rule out the influence of environmental interference or temporary abnormal operating conditions, an active verification mechanism based on thermal response characteristics is further introduced. In this case, the urea nozzle can be controlled to open at a second preset angle, spraying urea solution into the high-temperature pipeline at maximum flow rate. This operation aims to simulate the most severe thermal load shock under low-temperature conditions: a large amount of low-temperature urea liquid is injected into the pipeline, which is already close to the target temperature (e.g., 120°C), rapidly absorbing heat from the pipe wall. If the heater's heat output capacity is sufficient, it can quickly compensate for the temperature drop; if the heater experiences power attenuation or increased thermal resistance due to aging, it cannot replenish heat in time, resulting in a significant and continuous temperature drop. While the nozzle is open, the heater is continuously controlled to operate at rated power, maintaining the urea solution within the target temperature range, and high-frequency data on the temperature change of the urea solution within the target time period after spraying (e.g., 20 seconds) is collected.

[0079] Furthermore, if the temperature change data indicates that the temperature drop of the urea solution exceeds the preset threshold (e.g., ≥5°C) within the target time period, it indicates that the heater's thermal compensation capability is insufficient and unable to cope with the heat load fluctuations caused by normal injection, confirming that the heater has experienced performance degradation. The second operating state is then determined to be an abnormal operating state. In this case, an adaptive power correction mechanism can be triggered to automatically and slightly increase the heating power (e.g., +5%~15%) to compensate for thermal efficiency loss, ensuring sufficient urea thawing in low-temperature environments and preventing pipeline crystallization. Conversely, if the temperature drop is less than or equal to the threshold, it indicates that the heater still has sufficient heat output capability. The extended heating time may be caused by a sudden drop in ambient temperature, sensor sampling delay, or brief system fluctuations, rather than inherent performance degradation. The second operating state is then determined to be a normal operating state, maintaining the original control strategy and avoiding excessive correction that would waste energy.

[0080] In this embodiment, the two-factor verification of the high-opening injection temperature drop response enables accurate identification of heater thermal efficiency degradation, forming a complementary closed loop with temperature sensor diagnosis, which significantly improves the system's reliability in judging "heater aging" and its self-maintenance capability.

[0081] Optionally, in this embodiment, the failure of the electric heater is determined by monitoring the heating time of the urea solution during the operation of the urea flash evaporation system. The accuracy of the temperature sensor data is assessed by monitoring the change in heater resistance and the temperature rise ratio during the operation of the urea flash evaporation system, and by analyzing the changes in liquid pressure fluctuations during flash evaporation. The degree of aging of the electric heater is determined by monitoring the heating time of the urea solution and simultaneously monitoring the temperature drop when injecting urea at 20% opening, and corrections are made accordingly.

[0082] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an online health status diagnosis and self-maintenance method for a urea flash evaporation system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0083] Step S502: Initiate the performance evaluation of the electric heating system.

[0084] In this embodiment, in response to the start of the electric heater, the urea solution is set to be heated to 120°C. At this time, the performance evaluation of the electric heating system can be initiated to record the resistance value, the temperature rise value of the urea pipeline, and the heating time.

[0085] Step S504: Determine whether the actual slope deviates from 10% of the slope change when healthy.

[0086] In this embodiment, it is determined whether the slope of the resistance versus temperature change (i.e., the actual slope) deviates from 10% of the slope when healthy. If not, step S506 can be executed; if yes, step S508 can be executed.

[0087] Step S506: The temperature sensor is functioning normally.

[0088] In this embodiment, if the actual slope does not deviate from 10% of the slope change when healthy, it can be determined that the temperature sensor is functioning normally, that is, the first working state of the temperature sensor is the normal working state.

[0089] Step S508: Trigger active monitoring of the reliability of the temperature sensor.

[0090] In this embodiment, during the active monitoring of the reliability of the temperature sensor, the urea nozzle can be controlled at 95% opening and the temperature of the urea solution can be controlled to be heated to the target temperature (i.e., 120°C). Under these conditions, the pressure parameters of the urea pipeline can be monitored.

[0091] Step S510: Determine whether the pressure parameters have the preset conditions.

[0092] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned preset situation can be the occurrence of flash evaporation, that is, the liquid circuit pressure increases instantaneously, exceeds the threshold, and then decreases and tends to normal. If this is the case, it can be determined that there is no abnormality in the pressure parameter, and step S514 can be executed. If not, it can be determined that there is an abnormality in the pressure parameter, and step S512 can be executed.

[0093] Step S512: Determine the performance degradation of the temperature sensor.

[0094] In this embodiment, if it is determined that the temperature sensor performance has deteriorated, the target temperature value of the urea solution can be increased to 130 degrees Celsius.

[0095] Step S514: Determine whether the heater heating exceeds 10% of the calibrated heating time.

[0096] In this embodiment, it can be determined whether the heater heating exceeds 10% of the calibrated heating time. If not, step S516 can be executed; if so, step S518 can be executed.

[0097] Step S516: Confirm that the electric heating function is normal.

[0098] In this embodiment, if the heater does not heat for more than 10% of the calibrated heating time, the electric heating function can be determined to be normal.

[0099] Step S518: Trigger active monitoring of the heating efficiency of the electric heater.

[0100] In this embodiment, active monitoring of the heating efficiency of the electric heater can be triggered. During the monitoring process, the urea nozzle can be controlled at 20% opening, and the target heating temperature of the urea solution can be controlled at 120 degrees Celsius. The temperature of the urea solution is monitored during the heating process.

[0101] Step S520: Determine whether the urea solution cools down more than the threshold after 20 seconds.

[0102] In this embodiment, a target time period is determined, for example, whether the urea solution cools down more than a threshold after 20 seconds. If not, step S516 can be executed; if so, step S522 can be executed.

[0103] Step S522: Determine the performance degradation of the electric heater.

[0104] In this embodiment, if the performance of the electric heater deteriorates, the heating power can be automatically increased slightly.

[0105] In this embodiment, the temperature in the urea pipeline can also be recorded and defined as the initial urea temperature. This allows for determination of whether the urea temperature rises rapidly after the calibrated heating time is reached. If not, the electric heating function is considered to have failed. If multiple heaters exist, the number of failed heaters can be determined, and a new heating strategy can be developed based on the number of failures. For example, if the number of failures is 1, the target urea solution temperature can be increased to 140 degrees Celsius. If all heaters fail, the electric heating function is considered faulty, and all heaters need to be replaced.

[0106] In this embodiment, real-time fault diagnosis involves recording the initial urea temperature after the vehicle is powered on. The initial urea temperature is defined as the ambient temperature. Fault diagnosis is based on the heating time required to heat the urea to 120°C. If the urea temperature is below 0°C or above -30°C, and the pipeline urea temperature remains below 0°C within 1 minute, or above 0°C, and the pipeline urea temperature remains unchanged within 30 seconds, an immediate warning is issued indicating that the electric heating function has failed. If the temperature continues to rise rapidly after the calibrated heating time is reached, an alert is issued indicating that the electric heating function has failed and the relay is stuck. If only one heater malfunctions, the normal heater temperature limit is increased to 140°C to ensure heating efficiency.

[0107] Optionally, performance degradation assessment involves tracking the resistance change and temperature rise of the urea solution when it is heated to 120°C. A warning is issued if the slope of the resistance-temperature change deviates from the healthy range by 10%. This triggers active monitoring of the temperature sensor's reliability: the urea nozzle is controlled at 95% opening, the heating temperature is controlled to 120°C, and the liquid circuit pressure is monitored. If the liquid circuit pressure momentarily increases above the threshold and then decreases and returns to normal, flash evaporation has occurred, and the temperature sensor performance degradation is judged as a false alarm. If this phenomenon does not occur, it indicates that the temperature sensor performance has deteriorated.

[0108] Optionally, if the heater exceeds the calibrated urea heating time by 10% after the urea solution is heated to 120°C, the system will issue a warning of heater performance degradation. Simultaneously, if the temperature drop of the urea nozzle exceeds the threshold after 20 seconds when the nozzle is open at 20% capacity, the system will also indicate heater performance degradation. Upon detecting a decrease in heater efficiency due to aging, the system can automatically increase the heating power slightly to ensure that the urea solution is still sufficiently heated in low-temperature environments, improving defrosting time and preventing crystallization in the pipeline.

[0109] In this embodiment, by real-time monitoring and intelligent analysis of the resistance change and temperature rise ratio of the electric heater, the accuracy and timeliness of heater status monitoring in the urea flash evaporation system are effectively improved, reducing energy waste and system safety risks caused by heater aging or failure. Simultaneously, the performance degradation assessment and active monitoring mechanism for temperature sensor reliability in the solution can accurately determine the health status of the sensors, avoiding false alarms and ensuring control reliability, thereby comprehensively improving the operating efficiency and intelligent maintenance management level of the urea flash evaporation system.

[0110] In this embodiment, in response to heater startup, the temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times are acquired, resulting in multiple temperature parameters; and the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times are acquired, resulting in multiple resistance values. The actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​changing with the multiple temperature parameters is determined, where the actual slope characterizes the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters. Based on the actual slope, a first operating state of the temperature sensor is determined. In response to the first operating state being a normal operating state, a second operating state of the heater is determined based on multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters, where the heating duration characterizes the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters. In other words, in this embodiment, the operating state of the temperature sensor is determined based on the temperature parameters of the urea solution and the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times. When the temperature sensor is in a normal operating state, the operating state of the heater is determined based on the heating duration, thereby achieving the goal of accurately determining the operating state of the heater. This improves the detection efficiency of the heater's operating state and solves the technical problem of low detection efficiency of the heater's operating state.

[0111] According to an embodiment of this application, a device for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle is also provided. It should be noted that the device for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle according to this embodiment can be used to execute the method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle according to the above embodiments of this application.

[0112] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle heater state determination device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6As shown, the heater status determination device 60 in the vehicle may include: a transmission unit 602, a first determination unit 604, a second determination unit 606, and a control unit 608.

[0113] The acquisition unit 602 is used to acquire the temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times in response to the start of the heater, and to acquire the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times in response to the start of the heater, and to acquire the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times in response to the start of the heater.

[0114] The first determining unit 604 is used to determine the actual slope of the change of multiple resistance values ​​with multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters.

[0115] The second determining unit 606 is used to determine the first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope.

[0116] The third determining unit 608 is used to determine the second working state of the heater in response to the first working state being the normal working state, based on multiple heating durations corresponding to multiple temperature parameters, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters.

[0117] The vehicle heater state determination device of this embodiment, through an acquisition unit, acquires temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times in response to heater startup, obtaining multiple temperature parameters, and acquires resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times in response to heater startup, obtaining multiple resistance values; through a first determination unit, determines the actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​changing with the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters; through a second determination unit, determines the first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope; through a third determination unit, in response to the first operating state being a normal operating state, determines the second operating state of the heater based on multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters, thereby solving the technical problem of low detection efficiency of heater operating state and achieving the technical effect of improving the detection efficiency of heater operating state.

[0118] Embodiments of this application may provide a computer terminal, which may be any computer terminal device in a group of computer terminals. Optionally, in this embodiment, the aforementioned computer terminal may also be replaced with a mobile terminal or other terminal device.

[0119] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer terminal may be located in at least one of a plurality of network devices in a computer network.

[0120] In this embodiment, the computer terminal described above can execute the program code for the following steps in the method for determining the state of the heater in the vehicle: in response to the heater starting, acquiring the temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times to obtain multiple temperature parameters, and acquiring the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times to obtain multiple resistance values; determining the actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​changing with the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters; determining the first working state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope; in response to the first working state being a normal working state, determining the second working state of the heater based on the multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters.

[0121] Optionally, Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a computer terminal according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the computer terminal 708 may include one or more (only one is shown in the figure) processors 702, memory 704, and transmission devices 706.

[0122] The memory can be used to store software programs and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the method and apparatus for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle in this embodiment. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory, thereby realizing the aforementioned method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle. The memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the computer terminal 708 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0123] The processor can invoke information and application programs stored in the memory via a transmission device to perform the following steps: in response to heater startup, acquiring temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times to obtain multiple temperature parameters, and acquiring resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times to obtain multiple resistance values; determining the actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​changing with the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters; determining a first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope; in response to the first operating state being a normal operating state, determining a second operating state of the heater based on multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters.

[0124] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 7 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only. The computer terminal 708 can also be a smartphone (such as an Android phone, an iOS phone, etc.), a tablet computer, a handheld computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a PAD, or other terminal device. Figure 7 This does not limit the structure of the computer terminal 708 described above. For example, the computer terminal 708 may also include components that are more advanced than those described above. Figure 7 The more or fewer components shown (such as network interfaces, display devices, etc.), or having the same Figure 7 The different configurations shown.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing the hardware related to the terminal device. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which may include: flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, etc.

[0126] According to an embodiment of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program executes the method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle as described in the above embodiments.

[0127] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be located in any computer terminal in a group of computer terminals in a computer network, or in any mobile terminal in a group of mobile terminals.

[0128] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is configured to store program code for performing the following steps: in response to heater startup, acquiring temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times to obtain multiple temperature parameters, and acquiring resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times to obtain multiple resistance values; determining the actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​changing with the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters; determining a first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope; in response to the first operating state being a normal operating state, determining a second operating state of the heater based on multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters.

[0129] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium may also execute program code that performs the following steps: determining the deviation between the actual slope and the reference slope, wherein the reference slope is determined based on historical temperature parameters collected by the temperature sensor under normal operating conditions and the historical resistance values ​​corresponding to the historical temperature parameters; and determining the first operating state as the normal operating state in response to the deviation value being less than or equal to the deviation threshold.

[0130] Optionally, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may also execute program code for the following steps: in response to a deviation value greater than a deviation threshold, controlling the urea nozzle to open at a first preset angle, wherein the urea nozzle is connected to a urea pipeline, and the opening angle of the urea nozzle is related to the temperature of the urea solution; controlling the heater to heat the urea solution to a target temperature; determining the pressure parameters of the urea pipeline during the process of heating the urea solution to the target temperature; in response to an abnormal pressure parameter, determining the first working state as an abnormal working state; in response to no abnormal pressure parameter, determining the first working state as a normal working state.

[0131] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium may also execute program code that performs the following steps: in response to the first working state being a normal working state, determining whether the heating time meets a duration threshold; in response to the heating time meeting the duration threshold, determining the second working state being a normal working state.

[0132] Optionally, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may also execute program code that performs the following steps: in response to a heating duration not meeting a duration threshold, controlling the urea nozzle to open at a second preset angle, wherein the second preset angle is less than a first preset angle; controlling the heater to heat the urea solution to a target temperature; during the process of heating the urea solution to the target temperature, collecting temperature change data of the urea solution; in response to the temperature change data being used to characterize that the temperature decrease of the urea solution within the target time period is greater than a change threshold, determining the second working state as an abnormal working state; in response to the temperature change data being used to characterize that the temperature decrease of the urea solution within the target time period is less than or equal to a change threshold, determining the second working state as a normal working state.

[0133] In this embodiment, the operating state of the temperature sensor is determined based on the temperature parameters of the urea solution and the resistance of the heater at multiple times. When the temperature sensor is in normal operating condition, the operating state of the heater is determined based on the heating time, thereby achieving the goal of accurately determining the operating state of the heater. This achieves the technical effect of improving the detection efficiency of the heater's operating state and solves the technical problem of low detection efficiency of the heater's operating state.

[0134] According to an embodiment of this application, a processor is also provided for running a program, wherein the method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle as described in the above embodiments is executed when the program is run by the processor.

[0135] Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer terminal may be located in at least one of a plurality of network devices in a computer network.

[0136] In this embodiment, the computer terminal described above can execute the program code for the following steps in the method for determining the state of the heater in the vehicle: in response to the heater starting, acquiring the temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times to obtain multiple temperature parameters, and acquiring the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times to obtain multiple resistance values; determining the actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​changing with the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters; determining the first working state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope; in response to the first working state being a normal working state, determining the second working state of the heater based on the multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters.

[0137] The memory can be used to store software programs and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the method and apparatus for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle in this embodiment. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory, thereby realizing the aforementioned method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle. The memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to a computer terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0138] The processor can invoke information and application programs stored in the memory via a transmission device to perform the following steps: in response to heater startup, acquiring temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times to obtain multiple temperature parameters, and acquiring resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times to obtain multiple resistance values; determining the actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​changing with the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters; determining a first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope; in response to the first operating state being a normal operating state, determining a second operating state of the heater based on multiple heating durations corresponding to the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters.

[0139] Optionally, the processor may also execute program code that performs the following steps: determining the deviation between the actual slope and the reference slope, wherein the reference slope is determined based on historical temperature parameters collected by the temperature sensor under normal operating conditions and the historical resistance values ​​corresponding to the historical temperature parameters; and determining the first operating state as the normal operating state in response to the deviation value being less than or equal to the deviation threshold.

[0140] Optionally, the processor may also execute program code for the following steps: in response to a deviation value greater than a deviation threshold, controlling the urea nozzle to open at a first preset angle, wherein the urea nozzle is connected to the urea pipeline, and the opening angle of the urea nozzle is related to the temperature of the urea solution; controlling the heater to heat the urea solution to a target temperature; determining the pressure parameters of the urea pipeline during the process of heating the urea solution to the target temperature; in response to an abnormal pressure parameter, determining the first working state as an abnormal working state; in response to no abnormal pressure parameter, determining the first working state as a normal working state.

[0141] Optionally, the processor may also execute program code that performs the following steps: in response to the first working state being a normal working state, determines whether the heating time meets the duration threshold; in response to the heating time meeting the duration threshold, determines the second working state being a normal working state.

[0142] Optionally, the processor may also execute program code for the following steps: in response to the heating time not meeting the duration threshold, controlling the urea nozzle to open at a second preset angle, wherein the second preset angle is less than the first preset angle; controlling the heater to heat the urea solution to the target temperature; during the process of heating the urea solution to the target temperature, collecting temperature change data of the urea solution; in response to the temperature change data indicating that the temperature drop of the urea solution within the target time period is greater than the change threshold, determining the second working state as an abnormal working state; in response to the temperature change data indicating that the temperature drop of the urea solution within the target time period is less than or equal to the change threshold, determining the second working state as a normal working state.

[0143] By adopting the embodiments of this application, the working state of the temperature sensor is determined based on the temperature parameters of the urea solution and the resistance value of the heater at multiple times. When the working state of the temperature sensor is in normal working condition, the working state of the heater is determined based on the heating time, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately determining the working state of the heater. This achieves the technical effect of improving the detection efficiency of the working state of the heater and solves the technical problem of low detection efficiency of the working state of the heater.

[0144] According to an embodiment of this application, a computer program product is also provided, which includes computer instructions, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle as described in the above embodiments.

[0145] Embodiments of this application may provide an electronic device that may include a memory and a processor.

[0146] Figure 8 This is a block diagram of an electronic device for a method of determining the state of a heater in a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application described and / or claimed herein.

[0147] like Figure 8 As shown, device 800 includes a computing unit 801, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a computer program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 802 or a computer program loaded from storage unit 808 into random access memory (RAM) 803. RAM 803 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of device 800. The computing unit 801, ROM 802, and RAM 803 are interconnected via bus 804. Input / output (I / O) interface 805 is also connected to bus 804.

[0148] Multiple components in device 800 are connected to I / O interface 805, including: input unit 806, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 804, such as various types of monitors, speakers, etc.; storage unit 808, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 809, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 809 allows device 800 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0149] The computing unit 801 can be various general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 801 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 801 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as data verification methods. For example, in some embodiments, the data verification method may be implemented as a computer software program tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as storage unit 808. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on device 800 via ROM 802 and / or communication unit 809. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 803 and executed by the computing unit 801, one or more steps of the data verification method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 801 may be configured to perform a data verification method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0150] According to an embodiment of this application, a method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0151] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on a chip (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0152] The program code used to implement the methods of this application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0153] In the context of this application, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. Machine-readable media can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0154] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display, monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or pathball) through which the user provides input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0155] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or computing systems that include middleware components (e.g., application servers), or computing systems that include frontend components (e.g., user computers with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication (e.g., communication networks) of any form or medium. Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and the Internet.

[0156] Computer systems can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact via communication networks. Client-server relationships are created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. Servers can be cloud servers, servers in distributed systems, or servers incorporating blockchain technology.

[0157] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0158] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0159] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between units or modules may be electrical or other forms.

[0160] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. Similarly, the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0161] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0162] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drive, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0163] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a urea pipeline, at least one heater, and a temperature sensor. The heater is used to heat the urea solution in the urea pipeline, and the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature parameters of the urea solution. The method includes: In response to the start-up of the heater, the temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times are obtained to obtain multiple temperature parameters, and the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times are obtained to obtain multiple resistance values. Determine the actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​as a function of the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters; Based on the actual slope, the first operating state of the temperature sensor is determined; In response to the first working state being a normal working state, a second working state of the heater is determined based on multiple heating durations corresponding to multiple temperature parameters, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope includes: Determine the deviation between the actual slope and the reference slope, wherein the reference slope is determined based on the historical temperature parameters collected by the temperature sensor under normal operating conditions and the historical resistance values ​​corresponding to the historical temperature parameters; In response to the deviation value being less than or equal to the deviation threshold, the first working state is determined to be the normal working state.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: In response to the deviation value being greater than the deviation threshold, the urea nozzle is controlled to open at a first preset angle, wherein the urea nozzle is connected to the urea pipeline, and the opening angle of the urea nozzle is related to the temperature of the urea solution. The heater is controlled to heat the urea solution to the target temperature; During the process of heating the urea solution to the target temperature, the pressure parameters of the urea pipeline are determined; In response to the abnormality of the pressure parameter, the first working state is determined to be an abnormal working state; Since there is no abnormality in the pressure parameters, the first working state is determined to be the normal working state.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the second operating state of the heater in response to the first operating state being a normal operating state, based on multiple heating durations corresponding to multiple temperature parameters, includes: In response to the first working state being the normal working state, determine whether the heating duration meets the duration threshold; In response to the heating duration meeting the duration threshold, the second working state is determined to be a normal working state.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: In response to the heating duration not meeting the duration threshold, the urea nozzle is controlled to open at a second preset angle, wherein the second preset angle is less than the first preset angle; The heater is controlled to heat the urea solution to the target temperature. During the process of heating the urea solution to the target temperature, temperature change data of the urea solution are collected; In response to the temperature change data used to characterize that the temperature drop of the urea solution within the target time period is greater than the change threshold, the second working state is determined to be an abnormal working state. In response to the temperature change data used to characterize that the temperature decrease of the urea solution during the target time period is less than or equal to the change threshold, the second working state is determined to be a normal working state.

6. A device for determining the state of a heater in a vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a urea pipeline, at least one heater, and a temperature sensor. The heater is used to heat the urea solution in the urea pipeline, and the temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature parameters of the urea solution. The device includes: The acquisition unit is configured to, in response to the start-up of the heater, acquire the temperature parameters of the urea solution at multiple times, and acquire the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times, and acquire the resistance values ​​of the heater at multiple times. The first determining unit is configured to determine the actual slope of the multiple resistance values ​​as a function of the multiple temperature parameters, wherein the actual slope is used to characterize the rate at which the resistance values ​​change with the temperature parameters. The second determining unit is used to determine the first operating state of the temperature sensor based on the actual slope. The third determining unit is configured to, in response to the first working state being a normal working state, determine the second working state of the heater based on multiple heating durations corresponding to multiple temperature parameters, wherein the heating duration is used to characterize the time required to heat the urea solution to the temperature parameters.

7. A vehicle, characterized in that, Used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, it controls the device on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A processor, characterized in that, The processor is used to run a program, wherein the program is executed by the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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