High-reliability optical fiber gyroscope with anti-interference double-cavity structure

Abstract

A gyroscope shell is provided with a left cavity and a right cavity, a light source module and a power module are installed in the left cavity, an optical module is installed in the right cavity, and a curved surface groove for an optical fiber to pass through is formed between the two cavities; the optical module comprises a ring base, an optical fiber ring, a ring shell, a coupler and a Y waveguide; the optical module is reversely mounted through a screw arranged at the bottom of the gyroscope shell; the ring base and the ring shell are made of magnetic shielding materials to overcome the influence of a magnetic field on the optical fiber ring, the circuit control mainboard is fixedly connected to the ring shell, and the power panel is detachably installed on the power panel bracket. The optical fiber gyroscope provided by the invention can overcome the influence of temperature change, magnetic field and vibration impact on measurement precision and stability, and the reliability of the optical fiber gyroscope is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber optic gyroscope technology, specifically to a high-reliability fiber optic gyroscope with an anti-interference dual-chamber structure. Background Technology

[0002] A fiber optic gyroscope is an instrument capable of accurately determining the position of a moving object. It is a widely used inertial navigation instrument in modern aviation, navigation, aerospace, and defense industries. Its development is of great strategic significance to a country's industry, defense, and other high-tech development. Traditional mechanical gyroscopes have complex structures and high requirements for manufacturing processes, resulting in limitations on accuracy from various aspects. Since the 1970s, the development of modern gyroscopes has entered a new stage, with fiber optic gyroscopes now widely used in defense equipment, autonomous driving, robotics, and other fields.

[0003] The implementation of a fiber optic gyroscope is primarily based on Sagnac theory: when a light beam travels through a circular channel, if the channel itself has a rotational speed, the time required for the light to travel in the direction of rotation is longer than the time required to travel in the opposite direction. As the optical loop rotates, the optical path length changes relative to the path length when the loop is stationary, depending on the direction of travel. By utilizing this change in optical path length, the phase difference or changes in interference fringes between the two light paths can be detected, and the angular velocity of the optical path rotation can be measured.

[0004] Fiber optic gyroscopes are high-precision instruments. Temperature changes, magnetic fields, and vibrations can affect the core sensitive components (such as fiber optic rings, Y-waveguides, light sources, and photodetectors), impacting the measurement accuracy and stability of the gyroscope. Current fiber optic gyroscopes typically stack optical, circuit, and mechanical structural units vertically within a single cavity without considering temperature and magnetic field isolation. Furthermore, heat-generating components such as the SLD light source and power supply generate temperature gradients and magnetic field interference, severely affecting the operational stability of the fiber optic ring. Additionally, existing fiber optic rings and Y-waveguides are directly mounted on the inner wall of the gyroscope housing, making them prone to loosening and loss under harsh conditions such as high-frequency vibrations. Moreover, maintenance and replacement require disassembling multiple parts, lacking good interchangeability.

[0005] Based on the above problems, it is necessary to propose a highly reliable fiber optic gyroscope to overcome the influence of temperature changes, magnetic fields, vibration and shock on measurement accuracy and improve the reliability of the fiber optic gyroscope. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a highly reliable fiber optic gyroscope with an anti-interference dual-chamber structure, which can overcome the influence of temperature changes, magnetic fields, and vibration shocks on measurement accuracy and stability, and effectively improve the reliability of the fiber optic gyroscope.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives and effects, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high-reliability fiber optic gyroscope with an anti-interference dual-chamber structure includes a gyroscope housing and a top cover. An optical module, a light source module, a power supply module, and a circuit control motherboard are installed inside the gyroscope housing, and the top cover seals the gyroscope housing. The gyroscope housing has two chambers, left and right. The light source module and the power supply module are installed in the left chamber, and the optical module is installed in the right chamber. A curved groove is formed between the two chambers, and an optical fiber connects the light source module and the optical module through the curved groove.

[0009] The optical module includes a ring base, an optical fiber ring, a ring housing, a coupler, and a Y-waveguide. The optical fiber ring is installed in the annular cavity formed by the ring base and the ring housing. The coupler and the Y-waveguide are installed in the mounting slots opened at the bottom of the ring base. The ring base is installed inside the gyroscope housing by screws inserted into the bottom of the gyroscope housing. The ring base and the ring housing are made of magnetic shielding material, and the circuit control motherboard is fixed to the ring housing.

[0010] The power module includes a power board and a power board bracket. The power board bracket is mounted on the upper part of the light source module, and the power board is detachably installed on the power board bracket. The power module is connected to the circuit control motherboard, and the circuit control motherboard is connected to the light source module and the optical module.

[0011] Furthermore, the left chamber is a square cavity and the right chamber is a circular cavity that matches the outer diameter of the ring shell. The left and right chambers are connected by two oppositely arranged curved grooves, and the curvature of the curved grooves is greater than the minimum bending radius of the optical fiber.

[0012] Furthermore, the light source module includes an SLD light source fixed to the bottom of the left chamber, and a light source board mounted on the top of the SLD light source, with the light source board connected to the circuit control main board.

[0013] Furthermore, the power board bracket adopts a U-shaped plate structure, and the gyroscope housing has an installation step that matches the power board bracket. The socket is installed on the side wall of the left chamber and the wiring is connected to the power board and the light source board.

[0014] Furthermore, the top of the ring shell is provided with a plurality of cylinders with threaded holes arranged in a circumferential array, and the circuit control motherboard is mounted on the cylinders by screws.

[0015] The advantages and effects of this invention are:

[0016] 1. In this invention, the optical module and the main heat source are packaged in different chambers to create a certain degree of thermal isolation. The light source module and the power supply module are the main heat sources of the fiber optic gyroscope. The relatively independent optical module can reduce the temperature interference on the fiber optic ring and improve the measurement accuracy of the gyroscope.

[0017] 2. In this invention, the optical module is mounted as a whole on the gyroscope body via screws inserted into the bottom of the gyroscope housing, giving the optical module good interchangeability. The coupler and Y-waveguide are installed in the mounting slots opened at the bottom of the ring base, which avoids the coupler and Y-waveguide being directly subjected to impacts when mounted on the housing, reducing the loosening and loss of the coupler and Y-waveguide under harsh conditions such as high-frequency vibration.

[0018] 3. In this invention, the ring base and the ring shell are made of magnetic shielding material to form a magnetic shielding cavity. The fiber optic ring inside the magnetic shielding cavity can effectively avoid magnetic field interference and improve the working stability and measurement accuracy of the fiber optic ring.

[0019] 4. In this invention, the power board is mounted on the power board bracket. Compared with the traditional embedded mounting structure of the power board and the housing, this solution is compatible with various power board sizes and does not require multiple board manufacturing processes.

[0020] 5. In this invention, the two chambers of the gyroscope body are connected by a curved groove with a groove curvature greater than the minimum bending radius of the optical fiber. The curved groove can prevent the optical fiber from being lost due to excessive bending, thus playing a certain protective role for the optical fiber and reducing the impact on the optical fiber transmission speed. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a full sectional view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a first-view exploded view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a second-view exploded view of the present invention.

[0025] Part Number Identification: 1. Gyroscope housing, 11. Left chamber, 12. Right chamber, 13. Curved groove, 2. Top cover, 3. Optical module, 31. Ring base, 32. Fiber optic ring, 33. Ring outer shell, 34. Coupler, 35. Y-waveguide, 36. Photodetector, 4. Light source module, 41. SLD light source, 42. Light source board, 5. Power supply module, 51. Power supply board, 52. Power supply board bracket, 6. Circuit control main board, 7. Socket. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0027] This embodiment describes a high-reliability fiber optic gyroscope with an anti-interference dual-chamber structure, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1-4As shown, the main body includes a gyroscope housing 1, a top cover 2, an optical module 3, a light source module 4, a power supply module 5, a circuit control motherboard 6, and a socket 7. The optical module 3, light source module 4, power supply module 5, and circuit control motherboard 6 are installed inside the gyroscope housing 1. The top cover 2 has corresponding concave and convex mounting grooves with the gyroscope housing 1, providing excellent dust and water resistance. The top cover 2 is connected to the gyroscope housing 1 with screws to seal the gyroscope housing 1.

[0028] As attached Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the gyroscope housing 1 has two chambers, left and right. The left chamber 11 is square, and the right chamber 12 is circular. Two curved grooves 13 are formed between the two chambers to allow optical fibers to pass through. The curvature of the curved grooves 13 is greater than the minimum bending radius of the optical fiber. The curved grooves 13 provide some protection for the optical fiber, preventing loss due to excessive bending. The light source module 4 and the optical module 3 are respectively housed in the left chamber 11 and the right chamber 12. The optical fiber connects the light source module 4 and the optical module via the curved grooves 13.

[0029] As attached Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, the light source module 4 includes an SLD light source 41 fixed to the bottom of the left chamber 11, and a light source plate 42 mounted on the upper part of the SLD light source 41. The gyroscope housing 1 has an installation step that mates with the light source plate 42. The power supply module 5 includes a power board 51 and a power board bracket 52. The power board bracket 52 is mounted on the upper part of the light source module 4, and the power board 51 is detachably mounted on the power board bracket 52. In this embodiment, the power board bracket 52 adopts a U-shaped plate structure, the gyroscope housing 1 has an installation step that mates with the power board bracket 52, and the socket 7 is installed on the side wall of the left chamber 11.

[0030] The optical module 3 includes a ring base 31, an optical fiber ring 32, a ring housing 33, a coupler 34, and a Y-waveguide 35. The ring base 31 is mounted upside down to the bottom of the right chamber 12 using four screws inserted into the bottom of the gyroscope housing 1. The optical fiber ring 32 is installed in the annular cavity formed by the ring base 31 and the ring housing 33. The coupler 34 and the Y-waveguide 35 are installed on the inner top surface of the ring base 31, where a mounting slot is provided. The signal output port of the coupler 34 is equipped with a photodetector 36. That is, the coupler 34 and the Y-waveguide 35 are confined between the ring base 31 and the gyroscope housing 1, making them less likely to be lost. Furthermore, the coupler and the Y-waveguide do not directly bear the impact received by the housing, reducing the loosening of the coupler and the Y-waveguide under harsh conditions such as high-frequency vibration.

[0031] The ring base 31 and the ring housing 33 are made of magnetic shielding material. The circuit control main board 6 is fixed to three cylinders with threaded holes arranged in a circumferential array on the top of the ring housing 33. An oblique hole is provided at the bottom of the ring base 31 for optical fiber to pass through, and the coupler 34 and the optical fiber ring 32 are connected via the optical fiber passing through the oblique hole. Simultaneously, a longitudinal through hole is provided at the bottom of the ring base 31 for the photodetector 36 to connect to the circuit control main board 6.

[0032] In this embodiment, socket 7 is connected to power board 51, power board 51 is connected to circuit control motherboard 6 and light source board 42 to provide power, circuit control motherboard 6 is connected to light source board 42 to output control signals, light source board 42 provides constant current drive to SLD light source 41, SLD light source 41 is connected to Y waveguide 35 through optical fiber to output optical path, optical path is polarized and split by Y waveguide 35 and then enters coupler 34 and fiber ring 32 in sequence, optical path returned by fiber ring 32 is output to photodetector 36 through coupler 34 for photoelectric conversion, photodetector 36 outputs signal to circuit control motherboard 6.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations of these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-reliability fiber optic gyroscope with an anti-interference dual-chamber structure, comprising a gyroscope housing (1) and a top cover (2), wherein an optical module (3), a light source module (4), a power supply module (5), and a circuit control motherboard (6) are installed inside the gyroscope housing (1), and the top cover (2) seals the gyroscope housing (1), characterized in that: The gyroscope housing (1) has two chambers, left and right. The light source module (4) and power supply module (5) are installed in the left chamber (11), and the optical module (3) is installed in the right chamber (12). A curved groove (13) is opened between the two chambers, and the optical fiber is connected to the light source module (4) and the optical module (3) through the curved groove (13). The optical module (3) includes a ring base (31), an optical fiber ring (32), a ring shell (33), a coupler (34), and a Y-waveguide (35). The optical fiber ring (32) is installed in the annular cavity formed by the ring base (31) and the ring shell (33). The coupler (34) and the Y-waveguide (35) are installed in the mounting slots opened at the bottom of the ring base (31). The ring base (31) is installed inside the gyroscope shell (1) by screws inserted at the bottom of the gyroscope shell (1). The ring base (31) and the ring shell (33) are made of magnetic shielding material. The circuit control motherboard (6) is fixed to the ring shell (33). The power module (5) includes a power board (51) and a power board bracket (52). The power board bracket (52) is mounted on the upper part of the light source module (4), and the power board (51) is detachably installed on the power board bracket (52). The power module (5) is connected to the circuit control motherboard (6), and the circuit control motherboard (6) is connected to the light source module (4) and the optical module (3).

2. The high-reliability fiber optic gyroscope with an anti-interference dual-chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left chamber (11) is a square cavity and the right chamber (12) is a circular cavity that matches the outer diameter of the ring shell (33). The left chamber (11) and the right chamber (12) are connected by two curved grooves (13) arranged opposite to each other, and the groove curvature of the curved groove (13) is greater than the minimum bending radius of the optical fiber.

3. The high-reliability fiber optic gyroscope with an anti-interference dual-chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source module (4) includes an SLD light source (41) fixed to the bottom of the left chamber (11) and a light source board (42) mounted on the top of the SLD light source (41). The light source board (42) is connected to the circuit control main board (6).

4. The high-reliability fiber optic gyroscope with an anti-interference dual-chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power board bracket (52) adopts a U-shaped plate structure. The gyroscope housing (1) has an installation step that matches the power board bracket (52). The socket (7) is installed on the side wall of the left chamber (11) and connected to the power board (51) and the light source board (42).

5. A high-reliability fiber optic gyroscope with an anti-interference dual-chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the ring shell (33) is arranged with multiple cylinders with threaded holes in a circumferential array, and the circuit control main board (6) is installed on the cylinders by screws.

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